Cultivation method for improving per unit area yield of thick-skin muskmelons

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method for increasing the per unit area yield of thick-skinned muskmelons. The cultivation method comprises the steps of seedling raising, soil preparation and bedding, pulling of vine hanging iron wires and melon hanging iron wires, field planting, plant adjustment, field management, harvesting and the like. According to the method, the yield of the muskmelons per unit area is multiplied through an innovative cultivation mode including a seedling raising and planting scheme, a base fertilizer proportioning scheme, a plant adjusting scheme and other measures, the practical problem of low per unit yield of the muskmelons is remarkably solved, and the purposes of agricultural efficiency improvement and farmer income increase are achieved. Compared with an existing method, the method has the advantages that temperature, light, water, fertilizer, land and other resources are efficiently applied, on the premise that the fruit quality of the thick-skinned muskmelons is improved, the per unit area yield can be rapidly and greatly increased, the development trend of efficient agriculture is met, the land value is exerted to the maximum extent, hormone and chemical fertilizer are not needed, the ecological environment is protected, and the method is worthy of popularization. The food safety is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a cultivation method for improving the yield of muskmelon, and belongs to the technical field of vegetable cultivation. Background Art

[0002] Muskmelon (Cucumis melo), also known as cantaloupe and honeydew melon, belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family, the genus Muskmelon. It is a climbing annual herb. Its fruit is fragrant and sweet, and contains a large amount of sugars, vitamins, organic acids, and minerals essential to the human body. It is primarily eaten fresh, but can also be made into dried fruit and candied fruit. It is a specialty fruit in my country and is highly sought after by consumers. Muskmelon varieties are abundant, and various classification methods are used. Based on their ecological characteristics, my country generally divides melons into two ecological types: thick-skinned and thin-skinned. Thick-skinned melons have strong or medium growth vigour, are not tolerant to moisture, and require ample sunlight and a wide range of day and night temperatures. As a high-value-added cash crop, they have enormous market potential.

[0003] Currently, muskmelon cultivation methods, whether in the open field or in greenhouses, suffer from the following shortcomings: low yields per mu within a single growing season, a high dependence on hormones, fertilizers, pesticides, and other chemicals, and relatively low fruit quality. Conventional solutions include increasing yields by using hormones and increasing fertilizers. This approach not only affects the taste and quality of the melons, but also offers limited yield gains. Other approaches extend the time between seedling raising and planting, but this approach is inefficient and cannot achieve the goal of significantly increasing muskmelon yields quickly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for doubling the yield of thick-skinned melons in response to the shortcomings of the existing methods for increasing the yield of thick-skinned melons. The method can achieve the purpose of significantly increasing the yield of thick-skinned melons in the shortest time without using hormones or chemical fertilizers while improving the quality of the fruit.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A cultivation method for increasing muskmelon yield, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Seedling cultivation: Two-plant seedling cultivation in plug trays is carried out in the facility;

[0008] (2) Land preparation and bed formation: After applying base fertilizer, land preparation and bed formation are carried out. The bed height is 23-33 cm, the bed width is 55-75 cm, and the bed spacing is 45-65 cm.

[0009] (3) Pulling vine hanging wires and melon hanging wires: Pull two vine hanging wires and two melon hanging wires 1.8-2.0m above the center line of the bed surface on both sides. The two melon hanging wires are located between the two vine hanging wires and are parallel to the center line of the bed surface.

[0010] (4) Planting: After the roots of the seedlings in the hole tray are tightly coiled, dig planting holes at the center line of the bed surface, with a hole distance of 40-50 cm. Plant two plants side by side in each hole, and the line connecting the two plants is perpendicular to the center line of the bed surface;

[0011] (5) Plant adjustment: The two plants in each planting hole are hung on the hanging wire on the same side. After hanging, the vines of the two plants form a V shape, and single vine pruning is performed;

[0012] (6) Field management: Pay attention to temperature management, ensure that the temperature in the facility is within the range required for the corresponding stage of thick-skinned melons, and pay attention to water management, fertilizer management and pest and disease control;

[0013] (7) Harvesting: Harvest in time to avoid harvesting unripe or overripe melons.

[0014] Furthermore, in step (1), the method of raising seedlings in a plug tray with two plants is as follows: using a 32-hole or 50-hole plug tray for raising seedlings, sowing 2-3 seeds in each hole, and leaving 2 plants in each hole after the seedlings emerge.

[0015] Furthermore, in step (2), the basal fertilizer application scheme is: applying 380 kg of rapeseed cake powder and 3300 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu; wherein, the rapeseed cake powder is a powder obtained by directly crushing the rapeseed cake without decomposing it, and the powder is required to be fine and uniform.

[0016] Furthermore, in step (3), the distance between the two vine hanging wires is 55-65 cm, and the center line thereof is opposite to the center line of the bed surface.

[0017] Furthermore, in step (3), the distance between the two melon hanging wires is 20-30 cm, and their center lines are opposite to the center line of the bed surface.

[0018] Furthermore, in step (5), the method of single vine pruning is as follows: at nodes 18-21 of the main vine, one leaf is pinched off at each node of the sub-vine, and the sub-vines at other nodes are removed as early as possible, and the sub-vines at nodes 27-30 are topped. After the female flowers of the sub-vines at nodes 18-21 open, artificial pollination is carried out, and after the fruit is set, one fruit is selected from them and then hung on the hanging wire on the same side.

[0019] Furthermore, in step (6), the water management method is as follows: watering the bottom of the plant before planting, watering with medium or large amounts of water during the vegetative growth period after planting, controlling water during the flowering period, watering with medium or small amounts of water frequently from the early stage of fruiting to the fruit expansion period, and controlling water after the fruit is set.

[0020] Furthermore, in step (6), the fertilizer management method is as follows: before flowering, apply rapeseed cake powder twice, each time using 10 kg per mu. The method of use is to soak the rapeseed cake in water the night before, dilute it with water the next day, and evenly water it around each plant; during the fruit expansion period, apply rapeseed cake powder three times, each time using 10 kg per mu.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0022] 1) The present invention provides a cultivation method for increasing the yield of muskmelon. The method is simple and rapid, and can significantly increase the yield of muskmelon by about 100%, greatly improving land utilization, increasing land yield, and achieving agricultural efficiency and increased farmers' income.

[0023] 2) The present invention adopts methods such as double-plant seedling cultivation in a hole tray, double-plant planting, hanging vines that are not perpendicular to the ground and form a V shape in the same hole, and special single-vine pruning, which rationally utilizes resources such as land, light, and space, and quickly increases the yield of thick-skinned melons. This scheme is also suitable for the cultivation of hanging vine vegetables such as watermelon.

[0024] 3) The method of the present invention does not require the use of hormones and chemical fertilizers, and improves the fruit quality of thick-skinned melons. The sugar content of the fruits is significantly higher than that of fruits cultivated by conventional methods, with an average increase of more than 10%.

[0025] 4) The method of the present invention does not require the use of hormones and chemical fertilizers, thus avoiding the use of pesticides to the greatest extent. The produced thick-skinned melons are green, high-quality, and safe, thus ensuring food safety and promoting the development of the green fruit and vegetable industry.

[0026] 5) The method of the present invention is environmentally friendly, protects the ecological environment, and is conducive to the creation of "green mountains and clear waters". DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, which should not be construed as limiting the technical solution.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Implementation location: Sunlight greenhouse of Wangyuan Vegetable Base, Huai'an City;

[0030] Implementation period: January 2023 to June 2023;

[0031] Experimental variety: Haimi No. 10.

[0032] A cultivation method for increasing muskmelon yield, comprising the following steps:

[0033] (1) Seedling cultivation: On January 30, 2023, double seedling cultivation in hole trays was carried out in the facility. 32-hole hole trays were used, 2-3 seeds were sown in each hole, and 2 plants were left in each hole after emergence. Temperature, light, water, fertilizer, etc. were managed during the seedling stage to ensure that the seedlings were uniform and strong.

[0034] (2) Land preparation and bed formation: Apply base fertilizer, 380 kg of rapeseed cake powder and 3300 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer (seaweed soybean meal microbial fertilizer) per mu. Rapeseed cake powder is a powder obtained by directly crushing rapeseed cake without decomposing it. The powder is fine and uniform. Land preparation and bed formation are carried out, with a bed height of 25 cm, a bed width of 55 cm, and a bed spacing of 65 cm.

[0035] (3) Pulling vine hanging wires and melon hanging wires: Pull two vine hanging wires and two melon hanging wires 1.9m above the center line of the bed surface on both sides. The two melon hanging wires are located between the two vine hanging wires and are parallel to the center line of the bed surface. The distance between the two vine hanging wires is 60cm, and their center lines are opposite to the center line of the bed surface. The distance between the two melon hanging wires is 20cm, and their center lines are opposite to the center line of the bed surface.

[0036] (4) Planting: On March 1, 2023, after the roots of the seedlings are tightly wrapped around the substrate, planting holes are dug at the center line of the bed surface, with a hole spacing of 40 cm. Two plants are planted side by side in each hole, and the line connecting the two plants is perpendicular to the center line of the bed surface.

[0037] (5) Plant adjustment: The two plants in each planting hole are hung on the hanging wire on the same side. After hanging, the vines of the two plants are in a V shape, and single vine pruning is performed, that is, at the 18th to 21st nodes of the main vine, one leaf is pinched off at each node of the sub-vine, and the sub-vines at other nodes are removed as soon as possible. The sub-vines at the 27th to 30th nodes are topped. After the female flowers of the sub-vines at the 18th to 21st nodes open, artificial pollination is performed. After the fruit is set, one fruit is selected and then hung on the hanging wire on the same side.

[0038] (6) Field management: Pay attention to temperature management to ensure that the temperature in the facility is within the range required for the corresponding stage of muskmelon, and pay attention to water management, fertilizer management and pest and disease control.

[0039] Temperature management method: from transplanting to seedling hardening, 30-33℃ during the day and 18-23℃ at night; from seedling hardening to fruit setting, 28-30℃ during the day and 15-20℃ at night; from the beginning of fruit setting to fruit setting, 30-32℃ during the day and 18-20℃ at night; from the fruit setting to harvesting, 26-30℃ during the day and 15-18℃ at night.

[0040] Water management method: water thoroughly before transplanting, water moderately and heavily during the vegetative growth period after transplanting, control water during the flowering period, water frequently in small amounts from the early fruiting stage to the fruit expansion period, and control water after the fruit is shaped.

[0041] Fertilizer management method: Before flowering, apply rapeseed cake powder twice, with a dosage of 10 kg per mu each time. The method of use is to soak the rapeseed cake in water the night before, dilute it with water the next day, and evenly water it around each plant; during the fruit expansion period, apply rapeseed cake powder three times, with a dosage of 10 kg per mu each time.

[0042] Pest and disease control: Prevent insects through insect-proof nets, yellow-blue boards, high-temperature greenhouse stewing before planting, etc. Prevent diseases through fumigating greenhouses, timely ventilation and adjusting environmental temperature and humidity, etc.

[0043] (7) Harvesting: Harvest in time to avoid harvesting unripe or overripe melons.

[0044] Comparative Example 1

[0045] Implementation location: Sunlight greenhouse of Wangyuan Vegetable Base, Huai'an City;

[0046] Implementation period: January 2023 to June 2023;

[0047] Experimental variety: Haimi No. 10.

[0048] Cultivation is carried out using conventional methods, including the following steps:

[0049] (1) Seedling cultivation: Seedling cultivation in hole trays was carried out on January 30, 2023, using a 72-hole hole tray with one seed sown in each hole. During the seedling stage, appropriate temperature, light, water, fertilizer, etc. were provided according to the age of the seedlings.

[0050] (2) Land preparation and bed formation: Apply base fertilizer, 3004.50 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer (seaweed soybean meal microbial fertilizer), 50 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium triple compound fertilizer, and 11.27 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per mu, then prepare the land and form beds. The bed height is 25 cm, the bed width is 55 cm, the bed spacing is 65 cm, and the distance between the center points of two adjacent beds is 120 cm.

[0051] (3) Planting: Planting was carried out on March 1, 2023. Planting holes were dug at the center line of the bed surface with a hole distance of 40 cm. One plant was planted in each hole and one row of plants was planted in each bed.

[0052] (4) Plant adjustment: Carry out hanging vine cultivation perpendicular to the ground (i.e., pull a wire 1.9 m above the center line of the bed and parallel to the center line of the bed for hanging vines and fruits, which is conventional hanging vine cultivation), and carry out conventional single vine pruning, i.e., remove the sub-vines as early as possible from nodes 1 to 9, pinch off the top of each sub-vine at nodes 10 to 13, leave one leaf on each sub-vine, top the vine at nodes 25 to 28, and carry out artificial pollination after the female flowers of the sub-vines at nodes 10 to 13 bloom, and select one fruit after it sets.

[0053] (5) Field management: Provide appropriate temperature and light management according to the growth stage of the plant; water the plant accordingly; apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium triple compound fertilizer once every 10-15 days, with a dosage of 25 kg per mu each time.

[0054] Pest and disease control: detect early and use appropriate pesticides early.

[0055] (6) Harvest in time.

[0056] Comparative Example 2

[0057] Implementation location: Sunlight greenhouse of Wangyuan Vegetable Base, Huai'an City;

[0058] Implementation period: January 2023 to June 2023;

[0059] Experimental variety: Haimi No. 10.

[0060] A method for significantly increasing the yield of muskmelon, comprising the following steps:

[0061] (1) Seedling cultivation: Seedlings will be cultivated in the facility in two batches. The first batch of seedlings will be cultivated on January 30, 2023, and the second batch of seedlings will be cultivated on March 11, 2023. During the seedling stage, appropriate temperature, light, water, fertilizer and other management will be provided according to the age of the seedlings.

[0062] (2) Land preparation and bed formation: Apply base fertilizer, 375.56 kg of rapeseed cake powder and 3004.50 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer (seaweed soybean meal microbial fertilizer) per mu; rapeseed cake powder is the powdery material directly crushed without decomposition; then prepare the land and form beds, with a bed height of 25 cm, a bed width of 55 cm, a bed spacing of 65 cm, and a distance of 120 cm between the center points of two adjacent beds.

[0063] (3) Planting: The first batch of seedlings will be planted on March 1, 2023, in a single row on the bed, with the planting row 13 cm away from the center line of the bed surface and in the same direction, with a plant spacing of 40 cm; the second batch of seedlings will be planted on April 7, 2023, on the bed surface where the first batch of seedlings are located, 13 cm away from the center line of the bed surface on the other side, parallel to the planting direction of the first batch of seedlings, 26 cm away from it, and opposite to the midpoint of two adjacent plants of the first batch of seedlings.

[0064] (4) Plant adjustment: After the first batch of seedlings are planted, the plants are not hung up, and are allowed to grow parallel to the ground in a direction perpendicular to the bed; the sub-vines of the 1st to 3rd nodes are removed as early as possible, and starting from the 4th node, the sub-vines that sprout at each node are pinched with one leaf, and the tops are cut at the 20th to 23rd nodes; after the female flowers of the sub-vines of the 10th to 13th nodes open, they are artificially pollinated, and then one is selected for fruiting.

[0065] After the second batch of seedlings are planted, they are cultivated by hanging vines so that they grow vertically to the ground; the sub-vines at nodes 1-9 are removed as early as possible, and at nodes 10-13, the sub-vines are pinched off with one leaf left on each node, and topped at nodes 25-28. After the female flowers of the sub-vines at nodes 10-13 open, they are artificially pollinated, and one fruit is selected after it sets.

[0066] (5) Field management: Ensure that the temperature in the facility is not lower than 14°C and not higher than 36°C, and pay attention to water management, fertilizer management, and pest and disease control.

[0067] Water management method: Water in time when the soil surface is dry during the vegetative growth period, try not to water during the flowering period, water frequently during the fruiting period, and do not water unless necessary after the fruit is set.

[0068] Fertilizer management method: The first batch of seedlings: before flowering, apply rapeseed cake powder once, with a dosage of 9.39 kg per mu. The method is to soak the rapeseed cake in water the night before, dilute it with water the next day, and evenly water it around each plant; during the fruit expansion period, apply rapeseed cake powder once, with a dosage of 9.39 kg per mu each time; the second batch of seedlings: before flowering, apply rapeseed cake powder once, with a dosage of 9.39 kg per mu. The method is to soak the rapeseed cake in water the night before, dilute it with water the next day, and evenly water it around each plant; every 10-15 days, apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium triple compound fertilizer once, with a dosage of 9.39 kg per mu each time; during the fruit expansion period, apply rapeseed cake powder twice, with a dosage of 9.39 kg per mu each time, and apply a large amount of element water-soluble fertilizer (Yipunong) once, with a dosage of 9.39 kg per mu each time.

[0069] Pest and disease control: Prevent insects through insect-proof nets, yellow-blue boards, high-temperature greenhouses before planting, and other measures; prevent diseases through timely ventilation and adjustment of environmental temperature and humidity.

[0070] (6) Harvesting: Harvest in time to avoid harvesting unripe or overripe melons.

[0071] Comparative Example 3

[0072] Implementation location: Sunlight greenhouse of Wangyuan Vegetable Base, Huai'an City;

[0073] Implementation period: January 2023 to June 2023;

[0074] Experimental variety: Haimi No. 10.

[0075] The cultivation method comprises the following steps:

[0076] (1) Seedling cultivation: On January 30, 2023, double seedling cultivation in hole trays was carried out in the facility. 32-hole hole trays were used, 2-3 seeds were sown in each hole, and 2 plants were left in each hole after emergence. Attention was paid to the management of temperature, light, water, and fertilizer during the seedling stage to ensure that the seedlings were uniform and strong.

[0077] (2) Land preparation and bed formation: Apply base fertilizer, 380 kg of rapeseed cake powder and 3300 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer (seaweed soybean meal microbial fertilizer) per mu. Rapeseed cake powder is a powder obtained by directly crushing rapeseed cake without decomposing it. The powder is fine and uniform. Land preparation and bed formation are carried out, with a bed height of 25 cm, a bed width of 55 cm, and a bed spacing of 65 cm.

[0078] (3) Pulling vine hanging wires and melon hanging wires: Pull two vine hanging wires and two melon hanging wires 1.9m above the center line of the bed surface on both sides. The two melon hanging wires are located between the two vine hanging wires and are parallel to the center line of the bed surface. The distance between the two vine hanging wires is 60cm, and their center lines are opposite to the center line of the bed surface. The distance between the two melon hanging wires is 20cm, and their center lines are opposite to the center line of the bed surface.

[0079] (4) Planting: On March 1, 2023, after the roots of the seedlings are tightly wrapped around the substrate, planting holes are dug at the center line of the bed surface, with a hole spacing of 40 cm. Two plants are planted side by side in each hole, and the line connecting the two plants is perpendicular to the center line of the bed surface.

[0080] (5) Plant adjustment: The two plants in each planting hole are hung on the hanging wire on the same side. After hanging, the vines of the two plants are V-shaped, and conventional single vine pruning is carried out, that is, the main vine is 10-13 nodes, and the sub-vines at each node are pinched with one leaf. The sub-vines at other nodes are removed as soon as possible, and the tops are cut at the 25th to 28th nodes. After the female flowers of the sub-vines at the 10th to 13th nodes open, artificial pollination is carried out. After the fruit is set, one fruit is selected and then hung on the hanging wire on the same side.

[0081] (6) Field management: Pay attention to temperature management to ensure that the temperature in the facility is within the range required for the corresponding stage of muskmelon, and pay attention to water management, fertilizer management and pest and disease control.

[0082] Temperature management method: from transplanting to seedling hardening, 30-33℃ during the day and 18-23℃ at night; from seedling hardening to fruit setting, 28-30℃ during the day and 15-20℃ at night; from the beginning of fruit setting to fruit setting, 30-32℃ during the day and 18-20℃ at night; from the fruit setting to harvesting, 26-30℃ during the day and 15-18℃ at night.

[0083] Water management method: water thoroughly before transplanting, water moderately and heavily during the vegetative growth period after transplanting, control water during the flowering period, water frequently in small amounts from the early fruiting stage to the fruit expansion period, and control water after the fruit is shaped.

[0084] Fertilizer management method: Before flowering, apply rapeseed cake powder twice, with a dosage of 10 kg per mu each time. The method of use is to soak the rapeseed cake in water the night before, dilute it with water the next day, and evenly water it around each plant; during the fruit expansion period, apply rapeseed cake powder three times, with a dosage of 10 kg per mu each time.

[0085] Pest and disease control: Prevent insects through insect-proof nets, yellow-blue boards, high-temperature greenhouse stewing before planting, etc. Prevent diseases through fumigating greenhouses, timely ventilation and adjusting environmental temperature and humidity, etc.

[0086] (7) Harvesting: Harvest in time to avoid harvesting unripe or overripe melons.

[0087] Comparative Example 4

[0088] Implementation location: Sunlight greenhouse of Wangyuan Vegetable Base, Huai'an City;

[0089] Implementation period: January 2023 to June 2023;

[0090] Experimental variety: Haimi No. 10.

[0091] The cultivation method comprises the following steps:

[0092] (1) Seedling cultivation: On January 30, 2023, double seedling cultivation in hole trays was carried out in the facility. 32-hole hole trays were used, 2-3 seeds were sown in each hole, and 2 plants were left in each hole after emergence. Attention was paid to the management of temperature, light, water, and fertilizer during the seedling stage to ensure that the seedlings were uniform and strong.

[0093] (2) Land preparation and bed formation: Apply base fertilizer, 380 kg of rapeseed cake powder and 3300 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer (seaweed soybean meal microbial fertilizer) per mu. Rapeseed cake powder is a powder obtained by directly crushing rapeseed cake without decomposing it. The powder is fine and uniform. Land preparation and bed formation are carried out, with a bed height of 25 cm, a bed width of 55 cm, and a bed spacing of 65 cm.

[0094] (3) Pulling vine hanging wires and melon hanging wires: Pull two vine hanging wires and two melon hanging wires 1.9m above the center line of the bed surface on both sides. The two melon hanging wires are located between the two vine hanging wires and are parallel to the center line of the bed surface. The distance between the two vine hanging wires is 60cm, and their center lines are opposite to the center line of the bed surface. The distance between the two melon hanging wires is 20cm, and their center lines are opposite to the center line of the bed surface.

[0095] (4) Planting: On March 1, 2023, after the roots of the seedlings are tightly wrapped around the substrate, planting holes are dug at the center line of the bed surface, with a hole spacing of 40 cm. Two plants are planted side by side in each hole, and the line connecting the two plants is perpendicular to the center line of the bed surface.

[0096] (5) Plant adjustment: The two plants in each planting hole are hung on the hanging wire on the same side. After hanging, the vines of the two plants are V-shaped, and single vine pruning is performed. That is, the main vine is cut off at the 14th to 17th nodes, and the sub-vines at each node are pinched with one leaf. The sub-vines at other nodes are removed as soon as possible, and the tops are cut at the 27th to 30th nodes. After the female flowers of the sub-vines at the 14th to 17th nodes open, artificial pollination is performed. After the fruit is set, one fruit is selected and then hung on the hanging wire on the same side.

[0097] (6) Field management: Pay attention to temperature management to ensure that the temperature in the facility is within the range required for the corresponding stage of muskmelon, and pay attention to water management, fertilizer management and pest and disease control.

[0098] Temperature management method: from transplanting to seedling hardening, 30-33℃ during the day and 18-23℃ at night; from seedling hardening to fruit setting, 28-30℃ during the day and 15-20℃ at night; from the beginning of fruit setting to fruit setting, 30-32℃ during the day and 18-20℃ at night; from the fruit setting to harvesting, 26-30℃ during the day and 15-18℃ at night.

[0099] Water management method: water thoroughly before transplanting, water moderately and heavily during the vegetative growth period after transplanting, control water during the flowering period, water frequently in small amounts from the early fruiting stage to the fruit expansion period, and control water after the fruit is shaped.

[0100] Fertilizer management method: Before flowering, apply rapeseed cake powder twice, with a dosage of 10 kg per mu each time. The method of use is to soak the rapeseed cake in water the night before, dilute it with water the next day, and evenly water it around each plant; during the fruit expansion period, apply rapeseed cake powder three times, with a dosage of 10 kg per mu each time.

[0101] Pest and disease control: Prevent insects through insect-proof nets, yellow-blue boards, high-temperature greenhouse stewing before planting, etc. Prevent diseases through fumigating greenhouses, timely ventilation and adjusting environmental temperature and humidity, etc.

[0102] (7) Harvesting: Harvest in time to avoid harvesting unripe or overripe melons.

[0103] Comparative Example 5

[0104] Implementation location: Sunlight greenhouse of Wangyuan Vegetable Base, Huai'an City;

[0105] Implementation period: January 2023 to June 2023;

[0106] Experimental variety: Haimi No. 10.

[0107] The cultivation method comprises the following steps:

[0108] (1) Seedling cultivation: On January 30, 2023, double seedling cultivation in hole trays was carried out in the facility. 32-hole hole trays were used, 2-3 seeds were sown in each hole, and 2 plants were left in each hole after emergence. Attention was paid to the management of temperature, light, water, and fertilizer during the seedling stage to ensure that the seedlings were uniform and strong.

[0109] (2) Land preparation and bed formation: Apply base fertilizer, 380 kg of rapeseed cake powder and 3300 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer (seaweed soybean meal microbial fertilizer) per mu. Rapeseed cake powder is a powder obtained by directly crushing rapeseed cake without decomposing it. The powder is fine and uniform. Land preparation and bed formation are carried out, with a bed height of 25 cm, a bed width of 55 cm, and a bed spacing of 65 cm.

[0110] (3) Pulling vine hanging wire and melon hanging wire: Pull a vine hanging wire 1.9m above the center line of each bed and parallel to the center line of the bed, and pull a melon hanging wire 15cm away from the side of it.

[0111] (4) Planting: On March 1, 2023, after the roots of the seedlings are tightly wrapped around the substrate, planting holes are dug at the center line of the bed surface, with a hole spacing of 40 cm. Two plants are planted side by side in each hole, and the line connecting the two plants is perpendicular to the center line of the bed surface.

[0112] (5) Plant adjustment: All plants in each row are hung on a vine hanging wire for single vine pruning. That is, the main vine is topped at the 18th to 21st nodes, and one leaf is left on each node of the sub-vine. The sub-vines at other nodes are removed as soon as possible. The sub-vines are topped at the 27th to 30th nodes. After the female flowers of the sub-vines at the 18th to 21st nodes open, artificial pollination is carried out. After the fruit is set, one fruit is selected and fixed. After that, all the fruits in each row are hung on a vine hanging wire.

[0113] (6) Field management: Pay attention to temperature management to ensure that the temperature in the facility is within the range required for the corresponding stage of muskmelon, and pay attention to water management, fertilizer management and pest and disease control.

[0114] Temperature management method: from transplanting to seedling hardening, 30-33℃ during the day and 18-23℃ at night; from seedling hardening to fruit setting, 28-30℃ during the day and 15-20℃ at night; from the beginning of fruit setting to fruit setting, 30-32℃ during the day and 18-20℃ at night; from the fruit setting to harvesting, 26-30℃ during the day and 15-18℃ at night.

[0115] Water management method: water thoroughly before transplanting, water moderately and heavily during the vegetative growth period after transplanting, control water during the flowering period, water frequently in small amounts from the early fruiting stage to the fruit expansion period, and control water after the fruit is shaped.

[0116] Fertilizer management method: Before flowering, apply rapeseed cake powder twice, with a dosage of 10 kg per mu each time. The method of use is to soak the rapeseed cake in water the night before, dilute it with water the next day, and evenly water it around each plant; during the fruit expansion period, apply rapeseed cake powder three times, with a dosage of 10 kg per mu each time.

[0117] Pest and disease control: Prevent insects through insect-proof nets, yellow-blue boards, high-temperature greenhouse stewing before planting, etc. Prevent diseases through fumigating greenhouses, timely ventilation and adjusting environmental temperature and humidity, etc.

[0118] (7) Harvesting: Harvest in time to avoid harvesting unripe or overripe melons.

[0119] Comparative Example 6

[0120] Implementation location: Sunlight greenhouse of Wangyuan Vegetable Base, Huai'an City;

[0121] Implementation period: January 2023 to June 2023;

[0122] Experimental variety: Haimi No. 10.

[0123] The cultivation method comprises the following steps:

[0124] (1) Seedling cultivation: On January 30, 2023, double seedling cultivation in hole trays was carried out in the facility. 32-hole hole trays were used, 2-3 seeds were sown in each hole, and 2 plants were left in each hole after emergence. Attention was paid to the management of temperature, light, water, and fertilizer during the seedling stage to ensure that the seedlings were uniform and strong.

[0125] (2) Land preparation and bed formation: Apply base fertilizer, 380 kg of rapeseed cake powder and 3300 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer (seaweed soybean meal microbial fertilizer) per mu. Rapeseed cake powder is a powder obtained by directly crushing rapeseed cake without decomposing it. The powder is fine and uniform. Land preparation and bed formation are carried out, with a bed height of 25 cm, a bed width of 55 cm, and a bed spacing of 65 cm.

[0126] (3) Pulling vine hanging wires and melon hanging wires: Pull two vine hanging wires and two melon hanging wires 1.9m above the center line of the bed surface on both sides. The two melon hanging wires are located between the two vine hanging wires and are parallel to the center line of the bed surface. The distance between the two vine hanging wires is 26cm, and their center lines are opposite to the center line of the bed surface. The distance between the two melon hanging wires is 13cm, and their center lines are opposite to the center line of the bed surface.

[0127] (4) Planting: On March 1, 2023, after the roots of the seedlings are tightly wrapped around the substrate, planting holes are dug at the center line of the bed surface, with a hole spacing of 40 cm. Two plants are planted side by side in each hole, and the line connecting the two plants is perpendicular to the center line of the bed surface.

[0128] (5) Plant adjustment: The plants are hung on the vine hanging wire on the same side, with 2 rows of vines per bed, and the direction is close to perpendicular to the ground. Single vine pruning is carried out, that is, the main vine is pinched at the 18th to 21st nodes, and the sub-vines at each node are pinched with one leaf. The sub-vines at other nodes are removed as soon as possible, and the tops are pinched at the 27th to 30th nodes. After the female flowers of the sub-vines at the 18th to 21st nodes bloom, artificial pollination is carried out. After the fruit is set, one fruit is selected and then hung on the vine hanging wire on the same side.

[0129] (6) Field management: Pay attention to temperature management to ensure that the temperature in the facility is within the range required for the corresponding stage of muskmelon, and pay attention to water management, fertilizer management and pest and disease control.

[0130] Temperature management method: from transplanting to seedling hardening, 30-33℃ during the day and 18-23℃ at night; from seedling hardening to fruit setting, 28-30℃ during the day and 15-20℃ at night; from the beginning of fruit setting to fruit setting, 30-32℃ during the day and 18-20℃ at night; from the fruit setting to harvesting, 26-30℃ during the day and 15-18℃ at night.

[0131] Water management method: water thoroughly before transplanting, water moderately and heavily during the vegetative growth period after transplanting, control water during the flowering period, water frequently in small amounts from the early fruiting stage to the fruit expansion period, and control water after the fruit is shaped.

[0132] Fertilizer management method: Before flowering, apply rapeseed cake powder twice, with a dosage of 10 kg per mu each time. The method of use is to soak the rapeseed cake in water the night before, dilute it with water the next day, and evenly water it around each plant; during the fruit expansion period, apply rapeseed cake powder three times, with a dosage of 10 kg per mu each time.

[0133] Pest and disease control: Prevent insects through insect-proof nets, yellow-blue boards, high-temperature greenhouse stewing before planting, etc. Prevent diseases through fumigating greenhouses, timely ventilation and adjusting environmental temperature and humidity, etc.

[0134] (7) Harvesting: Harvest in time to avoid harvesting unripe or overripe melons.

[0135] Comparative Example 7

[0136] Implementation location: Sunlight greenhouse of Wangyuan Vegetable Base, Huai'an City;

[0137] Implementation period: January 2023 to June 2023;

[0138] Experimental variety: Haimi No. 10.

[0139] The cultivation method comprises the following steps:

[0140] (1) Seedling cultivation: On January 30, 2023, seedlings were grown in trays with 72 holes in the facility, with one seed sown in each hole. Attention was paid to the management of temperature, light, water, and fertilizer during the seedling stage to ensure uniform and strong seedlings.

[0141] (2) Land preparation and bed formation: Apply base fertilizer, 380 kg of rapeseed cake powder and 3300 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer (seaweed soybean meal microbial fertilizer) per mu. Rapeseed cake powder is a powder obtained by directly crushing rapeseed cake without decomposing it. The powder is fine and uniform. Land preparation and bed formation are carried out, with a bed height of 25 cm, a bed width of 55 cm, and a bed spacing of 65 cm.

[0142] (3) Pulling vine hanging wires and melon hanging wires: Pull two vine hanging wires and two melon hanging wires 1.9m above the center line of the bed surface on both sides. The two melon hanging wires are located between the two vine hanging wires and are parallel to the center line of the bed surface. The distance between the two vine hanging wires is 26cm, and their center lines are opposite to the center line of the bed surface. The distance between the two melon hanging wires is 13cm, and their center lines are opposite to the center line of the bed surface.

[0143] (4) Planting: On March 1, 2023, the seedlings were planted after their roots were tightly wrapped around the substrate. The planting holes were 13 cm on both sides of the center line of the bed surface, with a plant spacing of 40 cm. The two planting rows on each bed surface were 26 cm apart. The planting holes of one planting row were opposite to the planting holes of the other row, and one plant was planted in each hole.

[0144] (5) Plant adjustment: The plants are hung on the hanging wire on the same side of the vines. The vines are cultivated perpendicular to the ground. There are 2 rows of hanging vines per bed, and the direction is perpendicular to the ground. Single vine pruning is carried out. That is, at the 18th to 21st nodes of the main vine, one leaf is left on each node of the sub-vine, and the sub-vines at other nodes are removed as soon as possible. The vines are topped at the 27th to 30th nodes. After the female flowers of the sub-vines at the 18th to 21st nodes open, artificial pollination is carried out. After the fruit is set, one fruit is selected and then hung on the hanging wire on the same side of the vine.

[0145] (6) Field management: Pay attention to temperature management to ensure that the temperature in the facility is within the range required for the corresponding stage of muskmelon, and pay attention to water management, fertilizer management and pest and disease control.

[0146] Temperature management method: from transplanting to seedling hardening, 30-33℃ during the day and 18-23℃ at night; from seedling hardening to fruit setting, 28-30℃ during the day and 15-20℃ at night; from the beginning of fruit setting to fruit setting, 30-32℃ during the day and 18-20℃ at night; from the fruit setting to harvesting, 26-30℃ during the day and 15-18℃ at night.

[0147] Water management method: water thoroughly before transplanting, water moderately and heavily during the vegetative growth period after transplanting, control water during the flowering period, water frequently in small amounts from the early fruiting stage to the fruit expansion period, and control water after the fruit is shaped.

[0148] Fertilizer management method: Before flowering, apply rapeseed cake powder twice, with a dosage of 10 kg per mu each time. The method of use is to soak the rapeseed cake in water the night before, dilute it with water the next day, and evenly water it around each plant; during the fruit expansion period, apply rapeseed cake powder three times, with a dosage of 10 kg per mu each time.

[0149] Pest and disease control: Prevent insects through insect-proof nets, yellow-blue boards, high-temperature greenhouse stewing before planting, etc. Prevent diseases through fumigating greenhouses, timely ventilation and adjusting environmental temperature and humidity, etc.

[0150] (7) Harvesting: Harvest in time to avoid harvesting unripe or overripe melons.

[0151] The average single fruit weight, fruit sugar content, single plant yield, yield per unit area, yield per mu of the thick-skinned melons obtained by the cultivation methods of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, Comparative Example 4, Comparative Example 5, Comparative Example 6, and Comparative Example 7, as well as the flowering and pollination period, fruit harvesting period, fruit supply period, and the time required from the start of planting to the final harvest were statistically analyzed. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 3:

[0152] Table 1: Quality of muskmelon fruits in the examples and comparative examples

[0153]

[0154]

[0155] Note: Duncan's variance analysis was performed using SAS software, with p < 0.05.

[0156] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the methods of Comparative Examples 1-7, the method of Example 1 of the present invention was used for cultivation, and the average single fruit weight of the obtained thick-skinned melons was higher, and the sugar content of the fruits was also higher.

[0157] Table 2: Muskmelon yields of the embodiments and comparative examples

[0158]

[0159] Note: Duncan's variance analysis was performed using SAS software, with p < 0.05.

[0160] As can be seen from Table 2, compared with the methods of Comparative Examples 1-7, the cultivation method of Example 1 of the present invention has a higher yield per plant, and the yield per unit area and per mu are also higher.

[0161] Table 3: Supply of muskmelon fruits and related time conditions in the examples and comparative examples

[0162]

[0163] As can be seen from Table 3, the time required for cultivation from the beginning of planting to the final harvest using the method of Example 1 of the present invention is shorter than that of Comparative Example 2, which is 0.77 times that of Comparative Example 2, and the reduction rate is 23% compared with Comparative Example 2; it is longer than Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 3, which is 1.08 times that of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 3, and the increase rate is 8% compared with Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 3. However, the yield per unit area and yield per mu of Example 1 of the present invention are 2.06 times and 1.75 times that of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 3, respectively, and the increase rate is 1.08 times that of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 3, respectively. The increase rates are 106% and 75% respectively; it is longer than Comparative Example 4, being 1.04 times that of Comparative Example 4, and the increase rate is 4% compared with Comparative Example 4, but the yield per unit area and yield per mu of Example 1 of the present invention are indeed 1.26 times that of Comparative Example 4, and the increase rate is 26% compared with Comparative Example 4; it is equal to Comparative Example 5, Comparative Example 6 and Comparative Example 7, but the yield per unit area and yield per mu of Example 1 of the present invention are indeed 1.73 times, 1.54 times and 1.55 times that of the above-mentioned comparative examples, and the increases are 73%, 54% and 54% respectively compared with the above-mentioned comparative examples.

[0164] In summary, in terms of increasing yield, the method of Example 1 of the present invention has the highest efficiency, the largest yield increase and the best fruit quality.

Claims

1. A cultivation method for increasing muskmelon yield, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Seedling cultivation: Two-plant seedling cultivation in plug trays is carried out in the facility; (2) Land preparation and bed formation: After applying base fertilizer, land preparation and bed formation are carried out. The bed height is 23-33 cm, the bed width is 55-75 cm, and the bed spacing is 45-65 cm. (3) Pulling vine hanging wires and melon hanging wires: Pull two vine hanging wires and two melon hanging wires 1.8-2.0m above the center line of the bed surface on both sides. The two melon hanging wires are located between the two vine hanging wires and are parallel to the center line of the bed surface. (4) Planting: After the roots of the seedlings in the hole tray are tightly coiled, dig planting holes at the center line of the bed surface, with a hole distance of 40-50 cm. Plant two plants side by side in each hole, and the line connecting the two plants is perpendicular to the center line of the bed surface; (5) Plant adjustment: The two plants in each planting hole are hung on the hanging wire on the same side. After hanging, the vines of the two plants form a V shape, and single vine pruning is performed; (6) Field management: Pay attention to temperature management, ensure that the temperature in the facility is within the range required for the corresponding stage of thick-skinned melons, and pay attention to water management, fertilizer management and pest and disease control; (7) Harvesting: Harvest in time to avoid harvesting unripe or overripe melons; In step (5), the single vine pruning method is as follows: pinching the main vine at nodes 18-21, leaving one leaf on each node of the sub-vine, erasing the sub-vines at other nodes as early as possible, topping at nodes 27-30, artificially pollinating after the female flowers of the sub-vines at nodes 18-21 bloom, selecting one fixed fruit from them after it sets, and then hanging the fruit on the hanging wire on the same side.

2. The method for increasing muskmelon yield as claimed in claim 1, wherein: In step (1), the method of raising seedlings with two plants in a plug tray is as follows: using a 32-hole or 50-hole plug tray for raising seedlings, sowing 2-3 seeds in each hole, and leaving 2 plants in each hole after the seedlings emerge.

3. The method for increasing muskmelon yield as claimed in claim 1, wherein: In step (2), the basal fertilizer application scheme is: applying 380 kg of rapeseed cake powder and 3300 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu; wherein, the rapeseed cake powder is a powder obtained by directly crushing rapeseed cake without decomposing it, and the powder is required to be fine and uniform.

4. The method for increasing muskmelon yield as claimed in claim 1, wherein: In step (3), the distance between the two hanging wires is 55-65 cm, and the center line of the two hanging wires is opposite to the center line of the bed surface.

5. The method for increasing muskmelon yield as claimed in claim 1, wherein: In step (3), the distance between the two melon hanging wires is 20-30 cm, and the center line of the two wires is opposite to the center line of the bed surface.

6. The method for increasing muskmelon yield as claimed in claim 1, wherein: In step (6), the water management method is as follows: watering the bottom of the plant before planting, watering with medium or large amounts of water during the vegetative growth period after planting, controlling water during the flowering period, watering with medium or small amounts of water frequently from the early stage of fruiting to the fruit expansion period, and controlling water after the fruit is set.

7. The method for increasing muskmelon yield as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: In step (6), the fertilizer management method is as follows: before flowering, apply rapeseed cake powder twice, each time using 10 kg per mu. The method of use is to soak the rapeseed cake in water the night before, dilute it with water the next day, and evenly water it around each plant; during the fruit expansion period, apply rapeseed cake powder three times, each time using 10 kg per mu.

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