Cantilever wire nozzle

Abstract

The invention discloses a cantilever yarn nozzle which comprises a yarn splitting device, the yarn splitting device comprises a plurality of guide wheels and a plurality of yarn splitting frames, the guide wheels enable multiple fiber tows to be arranged in a staggered mode and / or gather and integrate in the mode that different tow positions are arranged, and the yarn splitting frames are used for stacking the fiber tows arranged in the staggered mode in a staggered mode; a belt width adjusting device is arranged on one side of the yarn splitting device, the yarn splitting device is matched with the belt width adjusting device, so that the multiple fiber tows are in at least two states, in the first state, the multiple fiber tows are gathered into two tows from the dispersed tows, and in the second state, the two tows formed by gathering the multiple fiber tows are integrated into a piece of spread yarn. According to the invention, through the cooperation of the yarn splitting frame and the plurality of guide wheels, fiber tows after yarn splitting can be regularly laminated and laid at equal intervals, the problem of inconsistent winding thickness caused by non-uniform lamination of the fiber tows in the prior art is effectively solved, and thus the uniformity of fiber lamination and the quality of finished products are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of composite material processing, in particular to a cantilever wire nozzle. Background Art

[0002] As a highly efficient composite molding process, filament winding technology is widely used in the manufacturing of high-performance structural components such as pressure vessels, hydrogen storage bottles, and aircraft fuel tanks. With the development of high-performance fiber materials and resin matrices, composite pressure vessels have placed higher demands on the process adaptability, automation level, and precision control capabilities of winding equipment. However, existing filament winding equipment still has many shortcomings in structural design and functional implementation, making it difficult to meet the actual needs of complex working conditions and changing processes. Specific problems are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0003] First, the currently used winding equipment is complex and bulky, taking up a large amount of space and exhibiting low integration, resulting in limited on-site deployment flexibility and inconvenient maintenance and operation. Furthermore, the design of key mechanisms such as the yarn splitter, guide mechanism, and nozzle assembly is simplistic, lacking precise control mechanisms, making it difficult to achieve high-precision and consistent fiber placement.

[0004] Secondly, during the actual winding process, multiple fiber tows are often directly combined into a single bundle for winding after entering the winding system without being effectively staggered. This lack of a scientific method for converging the tows can lead to uneven fiber accumulation at the nozzle exit, resulting in an uneven fiber laydown on the pressure vessel surface. During the subsequent curing process, this uneven layup often results in poor resin penetration, forming internal defects such as bubbles or porosity, which in turn compromises the structural integrity and mechanical properties of the final product.

[0005] Furthermore, existing winding equipment often uses a fixed bandwidth design with poor bandwidth adjustment capabilities, making it difficult to adjust in real time to changes in the winding path and geometry. During the winding process, especially when transitioning from the barrel to the head section, the yarn width changes significantly due to the curvature. Traditional nozzles, with their fixed bandwidth, are unable to adapt to this dynamic change, easily causing problems such as fiber overlap, uneven gaps, and localized material accumulation, seriously affecting winding quality and structural reliability.

[0006] Based on this, there is an urgent need to optimize the structure and integrate the functions of existing fiber winding equipment to solve the problems of uneven fiber convergence, difficult adaptive adjustment of yarn spreading bandwidth, and large fluctuations in winding quality in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention provides a cantilever nozzle, which can solve the problems in the prior art of uneven fiber convergence, difficulty in adaptively adjusting the yarn spreading width, and large fluctuations in winding quality.

[0008] A cantilever nozzle, comprising: a yarn splitting device, the yarn splitting device comprising a plurality of guide wheels and a plurality of yarn splitting frames, the guide wheels staggering and / or converging a plurality of fiber tows in a manner of arranging different tow positions, the yarn splitting frames being used to stagger and stack the staggered fiber tows;

[0009] A bandwidth adjustment device is provided on one side of the yarn separation device. The bandwidth adjustment device is provided with two coaxial threaded sleeves. The yarn output bandwidth is controlled by adjusting the distance between the two threaded sleeves.

[0010] The yarn splitting device cooperates with the bandwidth adjusting device to enable the multiple fiber tows to present at least two states;

[0011] In the first state, multiple fiber tows are converged from dispersed tows into two tows;

[0012] In the second state, two tows formed by the convergence of multiple fiber tows are integrated into a spread yarn.

[0013] Preferably, the plurality of guide wheels include a primary yarn separation guide wheel, a secondary yarn separation guide wheel and a summary guide wheel, and the plurality of yarn separation racks include a first yarn separation rack and a second yarn separation rack;

[0014] Wherein, the first yarn dividing frame is arranged between the primary yarn dividing guide wheel and the secondary yarn dividing guide wheel, and the second yarn dividing frame is arranged between the secondary yarn dividing guide wheel and the summing guide wheel.

[0015] Preferably, each of the guide wheels is provided with a tow position, and the tow position includes a separation position and a convergence position, the separation position is used to isolate two adjacent fiber bundles, and the convergence position is used to converge and integrate multiple fiber bundles.

[0016] Preferably, the primary yarn dividing guide wheel is provided with only a plurality of the separating positions, and the plurality of separating positions are arranged at equal intervals.

[0017] Preferably, one half of the secondary yarn separation guide wheel is provided with one convergence position, and the other half is provided with multiple equally spaced separation positions, and the number of separation positions provided on the secondary yarn separation guide wheel is half of the number of separation positions provided on the primary yarn separation guide wheel.

[0018] Preferably, the converging guide wheel is symmetrically provided with two converging positions.

[0019] Preferably, the bandwidth adjustment device includes a motor, a transmission roller is fixedly mounted on the output end of the motor, and two threaded sleeves are symmetrically arranged on the transmission roller.

[0020] Preferably, the threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the transmission roller.

[0021] Preferably, the two threaded sleeves are both penetrated by a same positioning roller.

[0022] Preferably, a front end nozzle is provided on one side of the driving roller along the moving direction of the fiber bundle.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0024] (1) In the present invention, the fiber bundles after yarn separation can be laid in layers at equal intervals and in a regular manner through the coordinated cooperation between the yarn separation frame and a plurality of guide wheels, which effectively solves the problem of inconsistent winding thickness caused by uneven lamination of fiber bundles in the prior art, thereby improving the uniformity of the fiber laying and the quality of the finished product.

[0025] (2) In the present invention, the bandwidth control device is used to achieve precise placement of the fiber bundles while further meeting the requirements of bandwidth changes in different winding areas, thereby realizing the variable bandwidth winding function and significantly improving the equipment's adaptability to complex winding paths and non-uniform yarn spreading requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a cantilever nozzle provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A top view of a cantilever nozzle provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the bandwidth adjustment device;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first branch creel.

[0030] Description of reference numerals:

[0031] 1. Yarn separation base; 2. Cantilever beam; 3. Primary yarn separation guide wheel; 4. First yarn separation frame; 5. Secondary yarn separation guide wheel; 6. Second yarn separation frame; 7. Summary guide wheel; 8. Motor; 9. Threaded sleeve; 10. Drive roller; 11. Front end wire nozzle; 12. Bending beam; 13. Positioning roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.

[0033] Existing filament winding equipment still has many deficiencies in structural design and functional realization, making it difficult to meet the actual needs of complex working conditions and variable processes. The specific problems are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0034] First, the currently used winding equipment is complex and bulky, taking up a large amount of space and exhibiting low integration, resulting in limited on-site deployment flexibility and inconvenient maintenance and operation. Furthermore, the design of key mechanisms such as the yarn splitter, guide mechanism, and nozzle assembly is simplistic, lacking precise control mechanisms, making it difficult to achieve high-precision and consistent fiber placement.

[0035] Secondly, during the actual winding process, multiple fiber tows are often directly combined into a single bundle for winding after entering the winding system without being effectively staggered. This lack of a scientific method for converging the tows can lead to uneven fiber accumulation at the nozzle exit, resulting in an uneven fiber laydown on the pressure vessel surface. During the subsequent curing process, this uneven layup often results in poor resin penetration, forming internal defects such as bubbles or porosity, which in turn compromises the structural integrity and mechanical properties of the final product.

[0036] Furthermore, existing winding equipment often uses a fixed bandwidth design with poor bandwidth adjustment capabilities, making it difficult to adjust in real time to changes in the winding path and geometry. During the winding process, especially when transitioning from the barrel to the head section, the yarn width changes significantly due to the curvature. Traditional nozzles, with their fixed bandwidth, are unable to adapt to this dynamic change, easily causing problems such as fiber overlap, uneven gaps, and localized material accumulation, seriously affecting winding quality and structural reliability.

[0037] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, a cantilever nozzle provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes: a yarn splitting device, the yarn splitting device includes a yarn splitting base 1, the yarn splitting base 1 is fixedly mounted with two parallel cantilever beams 2, and a curved beam 12 is fixedly mounted at one end of the cantilever beam 2. The skeleton structure formed by the yarn splitting base 1, the cantilever beam 2 and the curved beam 12 provides a rigid support platform for the remaining components. The yarn splitting base 1 is provided with an opening in the center and is equipped with a yarn splitting column, which can divide the fiber bundle into multiple strands. In this embodiment, it can support the fiber bundle to be divided into eight strands at most.

[0038] Among them, the cantilever beam 2 is fixedly installed with multiple guide wheels and multiple yarn separation frames. The guide wheels arrange and / or converge multiple fiber bundles in a staggered manner by arranging different bundle positions, and the yarn separation frames are used to stagger and stack the staggered fiber bundles.

[0039] Specifically, the multiple guide wheels include a primary yarn guide wheel 3, a secondary yarn guide wheel 5 and a summary guide wheel 7, and are all connected to the cantilever beam 2 through bearings. The multiple yarn distribution frames include a first yarn distribution frame 4 and a second yarn distribution frame 6, and are all fixedly installed on the cantilever beam 2.

[0040] Among them, the first yarn dividing frame 4 is arranged between the primary yarn dividing guide wheel 3 and the secondary yarn dividing guide wheel 5, the second yarn dividing frame 6 is arranged between the secondary yarn dividing guide wheel 5 and the aggregation guide wheel 7, and the first yarn dividing clamp is arranged on the top, and the second yarn dividing frame 6 is arranged at the bottom.

[0041] Specifically, each guide wheel is equipped with a tow position, which includes a separation position and a convergence position. The separation position is used to separate two adjacent fiber bundles. Each separation position is a slot position and is separated by two separation discs. The convergence position is a cylindrical structure with an outer diameter gradually decreasing from both ends to the middle, which is used to converge and integrate multiple fiber bundles.

[0042] Furthermore, the primary yarn-dividing guide wheel 3 is only provided with a plurality of separation positions, and no convergence position is provided, and the plurality of separation positions are equidistantly arranged, so that the fiber bundles can be arranged in a staggered manner. One half of the secondary yarn-dividing guide wheel 5 is provided with a convergence position, and the other half is provided with a plurality of equidistantly arranged separation positions, and the number of separation positions provided on the secondary yarn-dividing guide wheel 5 is half the number of separation positions provided on the primary yarn-dividing guide wheel 3. The secondary yarn-dividing guide wheel 5 can simultaneously realize the staggered arrangement and convergence and integration of the fiber bundles. The convergence guide wheel 7 is symmetrically provided with two convergence positions, which are used to converge and integrate multiple fiber bundles into two strands.

[0043] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 、 Figure 4 As shown, the primary yarn separation guide wheel 3 is provided with eight separation positions, which not only realizes the preliminary guiding and separation of the eight fiber bundles, but also provides the necessary downward pulling force for the subsequent laying on the first yarn separation frame 4. The first yarn separation frame 4 includes four guide rods, and the four guide rods are arranged longitudinally in the radial direction. A convergence position is provided on each guide rod, and the position interference of the convergence position realizes the staggered arrangement of the four fiber bundles in the horizontal direction, and the remaining four fiber bundles enter the second yarn separation frame 6 through the bottom guide rod. The structure of the second yarn separation frame 6 is similar to that of the first yarn separation frame 4, and also includes four guide rods, which are arranged longitudinally in the radial direction, but the convergence position arranged on the guide rod is centrally symmetrical with the first yarn separation frame 4, so that the staggered arrangement position of the fiber bundles in the horizontal direction is opposite, further realizing the staggered stacking within the full width range of the eight fiber bundles.

[0044] The secondary yarn guide wheel 5 is equipped with four separation positions and one convergence position. The convergence position cooperates with the first yarn distribution frame 4 to achieve the preliminary merging of the staggered fiber tows. The four separation positions guide the fiber tows to the second yarn distribution frame 6 while also providing the necessary tension increase.

[0045] The primary yarn dividing guide wheel 3, the first yarn dividing frame 4, the secondary yarn dividing guide wheel 5 and the second yarn dividing frame 6 cooperate with each other so that the eight fiber bundles are precisely guided and then uniformly converged at the summarizing guide wheel 7 and divided into two bundles, so as to achieve the dual purpose of staggered arrangement and uniform merging, providing an ideal pre-processing state for subsequent laying.

[0046] like Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, a bandwidth adjustment device is provided on one side of the yarn separation device. The bandwidth adjustment device is provided with two coaxial threaded sleeves 9. The width of the yarn output bandwidth is controlled by adjusting the distance between the two threaded sleeves 9.

[0047] Specifically, the bandwidth adjustment device includes a motor 8, which is fixedly mounted on the curved beam 12. A transmission roller 10 is fixedly mounted on the output end of the motor 8, and the transmission roller 10 is rotatably connected to the curved beam 12 through a bearing. A front-end nozzle 11 is provided on one side of the transmission roller 10 along the moving direction of the fiber bundle, and the front-end nozzle 11 is rotatably connected to the curved beam 12 through a bearing. A convergence position is provided at the center of the front-end nozzle 11, which is used to converge the two strands of yarn transmitted by the guide wheel 7 into a piece of yarn. Two threaded sleeves 9 are symmetrically arranged on the transmission roller 10. The threaded sleeve 9 is threadedly connected to the transmission roller 10. The two threaded sleeves 9 are both penetrated by the same positioning roller 13, and the positioning roller 13 can be rotatably connected to the curved beam 12 through a bearing, or can be fixedly mounted on the curved beam 12 to act as a limit rod structure.

[0048] In this embodiment, the driving roller 10 is driven to rotate by the motor 8. Under the axial limiting action of the positioning roller 13, the two threaded sleeves 9 move axially toward each other or axially away from each other, thereby dynamically adjusting the yarn output bandwidth.

[0049] In the present invention, the yarn splitting device cooperates with the bandwidth adjusting device to enable the multiple fiber bundles to present at least two states.

[0050] In the first state, a plurality of fiber tows are converged from dispersed tows into two tows.

[0051] Specifically, the yarn dividing column in the yarn dividing base 1 divides the fiber bundle into eight strands, and the eight fiber bundles are guided to the first yarn dividing frame 4 through the primary yarn dividing guide wheel 3, and four fiber bundles are staggered at the first yarn dividing frame 4, and the other four fiber bundles are guided to the second yarn dividing frame 6 through the secondary yarn dividing guide wheel 5 for staggered arrangement, and finally converge into two bundles at the summing guide wheel 7.

[0052] In the second state, two tows formed by the convergence of multiple fiber tows are integrated into a spread yarn.

[0053] Specifically, the guiding wheel 7 gathers the fiber bundles into two strands and guides them to the front nozzle 11, which integrates the two strands into a single spread yarn. During the integration process, the spacing between the two threaded sleeves 9 in the bandwidth adjustment device is dynamically controlled so that the bundles passing through the spacing are adapted to the actual required spread yarn width.

[0054] In the present invention, through the coordinated cooperation between the yarn dividing frame (the first yarn dividing frame 4 and the second yarn dividing frame 6) and multiple guide wheels (the primary yarn dividing guide wheel 3, the secondary yarn dividing guide wheel 5 and the aggregation guide wheel 7), the fiber bundles after yarn division can be laid in layers at equal distances and regularly, effectively solving the problem of inconsistent winding thickness caused by uneven stacking of fiber bundles in the existing technology, thereby improving the uniformity of the fiber laying and the quality of the finished product.

[0055] Combined with the precise control mechanism provided by the bandwidth control device, the fiber tow is precisely laid while further meeting the bandwidth variation requirements of different winding areas. Real-time adjustment of the position of the threaded sleeve 9, driven by motor 8, allows for flexible adjustment of the fiber yarn output bandwidth during the winding process, thus achieving variable bandwidth winding capabilities and significantly improving the equipment's adaptability to complex winding paths and uneven yarn spread requirements.

[0056] In addition, the cantilever nozzle can be assembled in different winding equipment and is suitable for the automated winding molding process of higher-performance fiber-reinforced composite products. It can achieve flexibility in on-site layout and high-precision and high-consistency fiber placement with a simpler, smaller-space-occupying, more adaptable and more precise highly integrated yarn splitting and convergence integration structure.

[0057] The cantilever wire nozzle can optimize the structure and integrate the functions of existing fiber winding equipment, solving the technical bottlenecks of uneven fiber bundle convergence, difficult to adjust the yarn spreading width, and large fluctuations in the bundle winding quality, thereby improving the overall intelligence level and process compatibility of the equipment.

[0058] The above disclosures are only a few specific embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cantilever nozzle, characterized in that: include: A yarn splitting device, the yarn splitting device comprising a plurality of guide wheels and a plurality of yarn splitting frames, the guide wheels staggering and / or converging a plurality of fiber tows in a manner of arranging different tow positions, and the yarn splitting frames for staggering and stacking the staggered fiber tows; A bandwidth adjustment device is provided on one side of the yarn separation device, wherein the bandwidth adjustment device is provided with two coaxial threaded sleeves (9), and the width of the yarn output bandwidth is controlled by adjusting the distance between the two threaded sleeves (9); The yarn splitting device cooperates with the bandwidth adjusting device to enable the multiple fiber tows to present at least two states; In the first state, multiple fiber tows are converged from dispersed tows into two tows; In the second state, two tows formed by the convergence of multiple fiber tows are integrated into a spread yarn.

2. A cantilever nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of guide wheels include a primary yarn dividing guide wheel (3), a secondary yarn dividing guide wheel (5) and a summary guide wheel (7); the plurality of yarn dividing frames include a first yarn dividing frame (4) and a second yarn dividing frame (6); Wherein, the first yarn splitting frame (4) is arranged between the primary yarn splitting guide wheel (3) and the secondary yarn splitting guide wheel (5), and the second yarn splitting frame (6) is arranged between the secondary yarn splitting guide wheel (5) and the aggregation guide wheel (7).

3. A cantilever nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the guide wheels is provided with a tow position, which includes a separation position and a convergence position. The separation position is used to isolate two adjacent fiber bundles, and the convergence position is used to converge and integrate multiple fiber bundles.

4. A cantilever nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The primary yarn dividing guide wheel (3) is only provided with a plurality of the separation positions, and the plurality of the separation positions are arranged at equal intervals.

5. The cantilever nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: One half of the secondary yarn separation guide wheel (5) is provided with a convergence position, and the other half is provided with a plurality of equally spaced separation positions, and the number of separation positions provided on the secondary yarn separation guide wheel (5) is half of the number of separation positions provided on the primary yarn separation guide wheel (3).

6. The cantilever nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The aggregation guide wheel (7) is symmetrically provided with two aggregation positions.

7. The cantilever nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bandwidth adjustment device comprises a motor (8), a transmission roller (10) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the motor (8), and two threaded sleeves (9) are symmetrically arranged on the transmission roller (10).

8. The cantilever nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The threaded sleeve (9) is threadably connected to the transmission roller (10).

9. The cantilever nozzle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The two threaded sleeves (9) are both penetrated by a same positioning roller (13).

10. The cantilever nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that: A front end nozzle (11) is provided on one side of the driving roller (10) along the moving direction of the fiber bundle.

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