Walking beam and horse head connecting mechanism of beam-pumping unit

Abstract

The invention relates to a walking beam and horse head connecting mechanism of a beam-pumping unit, which comprises a horse head and a walking beam, the horse head is provided with an anti-falling lifting appliance, the horse head is provided with two horse head sliding pins, the two horse head sliding pins are symmetrically and fixedly connected to two side plates of the horse head, and two side plates at the front end of the walking beam are symmetrically and fixedly connected with horse head hooking self-locking mechanisms. The horse head hanging self-locking mechanism comprises a guide positioning plate and an anti-falling self-locking sliding shaft, the guide positioning plate is sequentially and fixedly connected with an inner plate, a middle plate and an outer plate from inside to outside, guide sliding grooves are formed in the three layers of plates respectively, the section of each guide sliding groove sequentially comprises a horn opening and a vertical sliding groove from top to bottom, the left side of each vertical sliding groove is connected with a sliding shaft guide groove, and the right side of each sliding shaft guide groove is connected with an anti-falling self-locking sliding shaft. And an anti-falling self-locking sliding shaft capable of freely sliding is arranged in the sliding shaft guide groove. The horse head and the walking beam are connected through a self-hanging and self-locking mechanism, an operator does not need to climb up repeatedly or a lifting machine does not need to assist in picking and hanging the horse head, and the horse head can be easily picked and hung on the ground through operation of a crane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oil extraction, and in particular relates to a connecting mechanism between a walking beam and a donkey head of a walking beam type oil pumping unit. Background Art

[0002] The walking beam pumping unit is the main equipment for crude oil extraction. The connection between the pump head and the walking beam is crucial for the assembly and disassembly of the pump head and the clearance operation during well repair operations. The existing pump head is made of welded steel plates, which is hollow and has an arc-shaped structure of a certain width. Some pump heads are equipped with a hanging shaft at the position corresponding to the top surface of the walking beam and a positioning pin at the position corresponding to the bottom surface of the walking beam. During installation, the pump head hanging shaft is placed in the groove corresponding to the top surface of the walking beam, and the positioning pin is pressed against the lower part of the walking beam end face and locked. The pump head clearance methods currently used on site are: flip-up type, side-rotation type, top-hanging type and head-down type. Regardless of the pump head clearance method, the operator needs to climb up to the walking beam or get on the lifting vehicle to operate. There are many steps, high safety risks and high operating costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provides a connecting mechanism between the walking beam and the donkey head of a walking beam pumping unit. The installation and removal of the donkey head on the walking beam can be completed by using lifting equipment. The operator does not need to climb high. When repairing a well and making way for it, the operation can be completed simply and safely by directly hanging down the donkey head.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: a walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism of a walking beam type oil pumping unit, comprising a donkey head and a walking beam, the donkey head is provided with a hanging shaft and a positioning pin shaft, the top of the walking beam is fixedly connected with a groove for placing the donkey head hanging shaft, and the positioning pin shaft of the donkey head is against the lower part of the end face of the walking beam; an anti-slip hanger is provided on the donkey head, a donkey head sliding pin is provided between the donkey head hanging shaft and the positioning pin shaft, the two donkey head sliding pins are symmetrically fixed to the two side plates of the donkey head, the donkey head hanging self-locking mechanism is symmetrically fixed to the two side plates of the front end of the walking beam, and the donkey head hanging The self-locking mechanism includes a guide positioning plate and an anti-slip self-locking sliding shaft. The guide positioning plate is fixedly connected to the inner plate, the middle plate and the outer plate from the inside to the outside. The inner plate, the middle plate and the outer plate are respectively provided with guide grooves, which constitute guide and locking guides for the donkey head sliding pin to enter and exit. The cross-sectional shape of the guide groove is a trumpet opening and a vertical groove from top to bottom. The left side of the vertical groove is connected to a sliding shaft guide groove. The sliding shaft guide groove has a built-in free-sliding anti-slip self-locking sliding shaft. The anti-slip self-locking sliding shaft is in the shape of a stepped circular shaft, and the stepped shaft is supported on the inner plate, the middle plate and the outer plate respectively.

[0005] Furthermore, the sizes of the guide slots of the inner plate, the middle plate and the outer plate of the guide positioning plate are as follows: the size of the guide slot of the inner plate < the size of the guide slot of the outer plate < the size of the guide slot of the middle plate.

[0006] Furthermore, the stepped short axis diameters of the anti-slip self-locking sliding shaft correspond to the guide grooves of the inner plate, the middle plate and the outer plate respectively, so as to keep it sliding in the grooves.

[0007] Furthermore, the center line of the slide shaft guide groove connected to the left side of the vertical slide groove is inclined at 20° to the horizontal line, and the left end is lower.

[0008] Furthermore, the anti-slip sling on the upper part of the donkey's head includes a lifting ring pin, a U-shaped lifting ring, a fan-shaped plate, a fan-shaped plate rotating shaft and a hook. The lifting ring pin passes through the open end of the U-shaped lifting ring and is pinned to the donkey's head. A connecting plate is fixed in the middle of the U-shaped lifting ring, and a hook is fixed on the connecting plate. Long grooves for flipping the fan-shaped plate are symmetrically provided on both sides of the connecting plate fixed with the hook. The fan-shaped plate rotating shaft is fixed to one side of the connecting plate, and the fan-shaped plate rotating shaft is fitted with a fan-shaped plate. The fan-shaped plate is placed in the long groove and flipped to form an anti-slip sling structure for the donkey's head.

[0009] Furthermore, circular rings are welded at both ends of the U-shaped hanging ring opening, and the circular hole in the middle of the circular ring supports the hanging ring pin.

[0010] Furthermore, the U-shaped lifting ring is formed by bending round steel into a U shape, and a reinforcing rib plate is welded to the right-angled bottom of the U shape.

[0011] Furthermore, the anti-fall-off sling is hinged on the vertical center of gravity line of the donkey head.

[0012] Beneficial effects: Compared with the existing technology, the present invention adopts a self-hanging and self-locking mechanism to connect the donkey head and the walking beam. The donkey head does not need the operator to repeatedly climb high or use a hoist to remove and hang it. It can be easily completed by operating a crane on the ground, eliminating the risk of high-altitude operations and reducing construction costs. When the oil pump suddenly loses load, it can also ensure that the donkey head will not fall off, eliminating safety risks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the donkey head hanging self-locking mechanism on the walking beam; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle three-layer guide positioning plate; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of an anti-slip self-locking sliding shaft; Figure 5 1. It is a structural schematic diagram of the improved donkey head of the present invention; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Left view of; Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the anti-slip spreader; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Right view; Figure 9 It is a line segment connection diagram showing the relative position relationship between the hanging shaft, the sliding pin and the positioning pin shaft; Figure 10 This is the state diagram of the walking beam in the horizontal position with the anti-loosening self-locking sliding shaft installed; Figure 11 The donkey head sliding pin moves along the guide positioning plate, and the walking beam is inserted into the donkey head; Figure 12 This is a diagram showing the state where the donkey head hanging shaft is aligned with the groove on the top surface of the walking beam and the sliding pin enters the vertical slide groove; Figure 13 This is a diagram showing the donkey head in its working position after the donkey head hanging scroll is completely placed in the groove; Figure 14 This is a diagram showing the state where the anti-slip self-locking sliding shaft slides out of the left end slot and falls into the vertical slot and contacts the donkey head sliding pin; Figure 15 This is a diagram showing the state where the sliding pin pushes the anti-loosening self-locking sliding shaft into the sliding shaft guide groove when the donkey head is removed; Figure 16 This is the state diagram of the pumping unit suddenly losing load; Figure 17 This is a picture of the donkey head before it is lifted from the ground; Figure 18 This is a diagram of the connection between the donkey head and the walking beam after it is lifted.

[0014] In the figure: 1. donkey head, 2. walking beam, 3. donkey head hanging shaft, 4. positioning pin shaft, 5. groove, 6. anti-slip sling, 6-1. lifting ring pin shaft, 6-2. U-shaped lifting ring, 6-3. fan-shaped plate, 6-4. fan-shaped plate rotating shaft, 6-5. hook, 6-6. connecting plate, 6-7. long groove, 6-8. circular ring, 6-9. reinforcing rib plate, 7. donkey head sliding pin, 8. donkey head hanging self-locking mechanism, 8-1. guide positioning plate, 8-1-1. inner plate, 8-1-2. middle plate, 8-1-3. outer plate, 8-2. anti-slip self-locking sliding shaft, 8-3. guide slide groove, 8-3-1. trumpet opening, 8-3-2. vertical slide groove, 8-3-3. slide shaft guide groove, 9. hook. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following is a detailed description of the specific implementation method provided by the present invention in combination with the preferred embodiment: See the accompanying drawings for details. This embodiment provides a walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism of a walking beam pumping unit, including a donkey head 1 and a walking beam 2. The donkey head is provided with a donkey head hanging shaft 3 and a positioning pin shaft 4. The top of the walking beam is fixedly connected with a groove 5 for placing the donkey head hanging shaft, and the positioning pin shaft of the donkey head is against the lower part of the walking beam end face; the donkey head is provided with an anti-slip hanger 6, and a donkey head sliding pin 7 is provided between the donkey head hanging shaft and the positioning pin shaft. The two donkey head sliding pins are symmetrically fixed to the two side plates of the donkey head, and the donkey head hanging self-locking mechanism 8 is symmetrically fixed to the two side plates of the front end of the walking beam. The donkey head hanging self-locking mechanism includes The guide positioning plate 8-1 and the anti-slip self-locking sliding shaft 8-2 are fixedly connected to the inner plate 8-1-1, the middle plate 8-1-2 and the outer plate 8-1-3 in sequence from the inside to the outside. The inner plate, the middle plate and the outer plate are respectively provided with a guide chute 8-3, which constitutes a guide and locking guide for the donkey head sliding pin to enter and exit. The cross-sectional shape of the guide chute is a trumpet opening 8-3-1 and a vertical chute 8-3-2 from top to bottom. The left side of the vertical chute is connected to the sliding shaft guide groove 8-3-3. The sliding shaft guide groove is built with a free-sliding anti-slip self-locking sliding shaft 8-2. The anti-slip self-locking sliding shaft is in the shape of a stepped circular shaft, and the stepped shaft is supported on the inner plate, the middle plate and the outer plate respectively. In this embodiment, the inner plate is 10mm, the middle plate is 16mm, and the outer plate is 14mm. There is an opening below the guide chute of the middle plate and the outer plate. After welding to form the sliding shaft guide groove, the anti-slip self-locking sliding shaft can be installed into the sliding shaft guide groove from the opening below.

[0016] See attached for details Figure 3 In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the guide slots of the inner, middle, and outer plates of the guide positioning plates have the following dimensions: inner plate guide slot < outer plate guide slot < middle plate guide slot. Each of the three layers of guide positioning plates is equipped with a slot: the inner plate slot is smaller, the middle plate slot is the largest, and the outer plate slot is intermediate. The outer plate slot is loosely aligned with the outer diameter of the donkey head slide pin. The three layers of slots have different shapes, respectively guiding and limiting the donkey head slide pin and the anti-slip slider.

[0017] In this embodiment, the stepped minor axis diameters of the anti-slip self-locking slide shaft 8-2 correspond to the guide grooves of the inner, middle, and outer panels, respectively, ensuring its sliding within the grooves. The diameters of the anti-slip self-locking slide shafts in this embodiment are Φ2, Φ3, and Φ1, respectively, from left to right. The stepped platform width is 20 mm, for a total width of 56 mm.

[0018] The preferred solution of this embodiment is that the center line of the slide shaft guide groove connected to the left side of the vertical slide groove is inclined at 20 degrees to the horizontal line, and the left end is lower. When the walking beam is close to the horizontal position, it is ensured that the anti-slip self-locking slide shaft will not roll to the right.

[0019] See attached for details Figure 7 、 8, the preferred solution of this embodiment is that the anti-slip sling 6 on the upper part of the donkey head includes a lifting ring pin 6-1, a U-shaped lifting ring 6-2, a fan-shaped plate 6-3, a fan-shaped plate rotating shaft 6-4 and a hook 6-5. The lifting ring pin 6-1 passes through the open end of the U-shaped lifting ring and is pinned to the donkey head 1. A connecting plate 6-6 is fixed in the middle of the U-shaped lifting ring, and a hook 6-5 is fixed on the connecting plate. Long grooves 6-7 for flipping the fan-shaped plate are symmetrically provided on both sides of the hook fixed to the connecting plate. The fan-shaped plate rotating shaft 6-4 is fixed to one side of the connecting plate. The fan-shaped plate rotating shaft is fitted with a fan-shaped plate. The fan-shaped plate is placed in the long groove and flipped to form an anti-slip sling structure for the donkey head.

[0020] A preferred solution of this embodiment is that circular rings 6-8 are welded to both ends of the U-shaped hanging ring opening, and the circular hole in the middle of the circular ring supports the hanging ring pin.

[0021] The preferred solution of this embodiment is that the U-shaped lifting ring is formed by bending round steel into a U shape, and a reinforcing rib plate 6-9 is welded to the right-angled bottom of the U shape.

[0022] A preferred solution of this embodiment is that the anti-slip sling is hinged on the vertical center of gravity line of the donkey head.

[0023] The walking beam is a box beam with a rectangular cross section made of welded steel plates. A groove 5 composed of two vertical plates is welded on the top of the front end for hanging the donkey head hanging shaft. There is a baffle at the bottom of the front end for supporting the positioning pin shaft of the donkey head.

[0024] Working principle, 1. When storing or transporting the donkey head, place the anti-fall sling on the vertical center of gravity of the donkey head to reduce the space occupied; 2. Before lifting the donkey head, connect the hook 9 of the lifting equipment and the hook of the anti-off sling on the donkey head on the ground, and make sure that the fan-shaped plate blocks the opening of the anti-off sling hook to prevent it from coming off; 3. Lift the donkey head and make it vertical naturally. Since the anti-drop sling is on the center of gravity of the donkey head, the donkey head is in a horizontal position with the walking beam; 4. See attached for details Figure 10 , place the walking beam in a horizontal position, insert the anti-slip self-locking slide shaft from the lower opening of the slide groove, and slide it to the end of the slide shaft guide groove 8-3-3. Since the slide shaft guide groove is inclined at about 20 degrees to the horizontal and the left end is lower, the anti-slip self-locking slide shaft will not roll to the right when the walking beam approaches the horizontal position; like Figure 9 As shown, in order to more clearly show the hanging process of the donkey head and the walking beam, the donkey head is simplified into three circular axes connected by line segments according to the mutual position relationship of the hanging shaft, sliding pin and positioning pin shaft.

[0025] 5. See attached for details Figure 11When the donkey head is lifted to the opening of the sliding pin and the walking beam slot, move the donkey head to the left, so that the donkey head sliding pin moves along the slots of the middle plate and the outer plate, and the walking beam is inserted into the donkey head; (Lift the donkey head, so that the donkey head sliding pin moves along the slots of the middle plate and the outer plate, and the walking beam is inserted into the donkey head) 6. See attached for details Figure 12 After the donkey head hanging shaft is aligned with the groove on the top surface of the walking beam, the sliding pin also reaches the vertical slide groove in the vertical direction and starts to lower the donkey head; 7. See attached for details Figure 13 After the donkey head hanging shaft is completely lowered into the groove on the top surface of the walking beam, the sliding pin is in the vertical slide groove 8-3-2, the positioning pin shaft is attached to the front end surface of the walking beam, and the donkey head is in the working position. At this time, the crane hook moves backward, allowing the donkey head anti-drop ring to naturally hang down and rest on the end surface of the donkey head at the rear. The fan-shaped plate naturally droops due to gravity, the hook of the anti-drop ring opens, and the crane hook is lifted out of the opening; 8. See attached for details Figure 14 , rotate the rocker to the bottom dead center position, the anti-slip self-locking slide shaft slides out of the slide shaft guide groove and falls into the vertical slide groove 8-3-2 and contacts the donkey head sliding pin, completing the donkey head installation. Since the anti-slip self-locking slide shaft is in the vertical slide groove 8-3-2, the normal working swing angle of the rocker is within ±35°, so the anti-slip self-locking slide shaft will not slide out of the vertical slide groove; 9. See attached for details Figure 15 When removing the donkey head, tilt the walking beam slightly upward and use the crane hook to hook the far end of the U-shaped anti-drop ring. Once hooked, the donkey head can be lifted. Use the crane to lift the donkey head. The anti-drop self-locking slide shaft will slide upward along the vertical slide groove. Push the anti-drop self-locking slide shaft to move up along the vertical slide groove. After encountering the lower slide shaft guide groove 8-3-3, it will automatically slide to the lowest point on the left. Continue to lift the donkey head and move it forward appropriately so that the anti-drop self-locking slide shaft moves forward along the vertical slide groove 8-3-2. After it is removed from the walking beam, the donkey head can be removed.

[0026] 10. See attached for details Figure 16 If the oil pump suddenly loses load, the donkey head hanging shaft 3 will move up quickly along the groove 5 on the top surface of the rocker and the donkey head sliding pin 7 will move up along the vertical slide groove. Due to the fast speed of the donkey head, the anti-slip self-locking slide shaft 8-2 will be pushed to the top of the vertical slide groove and cannot move further. At this time, the position of the donkey head hanging shaft is lower than the groove 5, and the anti-slip self-locking slide shaft is stuck in the vertical slide groove and cannot continue to move up. The donkey head sliding pin 7 is stuck, causing the donkey head to be unable to detach from the rocker, ensuring safety in extreme situations.

[0027] The above-mentioned detailed description of the connection mechanism between the walking beam and the donkey head of a walking beam pumping unit with reference to the embodiment is illustrative rather than restrictive. Several embodiments can be listed according to the limited scope. Therefore, changes and modifications without departing from the overall concept of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A walking beam and pumping head connection mechanism for a walking beam pumping unit, comprising a pumping head and a walking beam, wherein the pumping head is provided with a hanging shaft and a positioning pin, a groove for receiving the hanging shaft is fixedly connected to the top of the walking beam, and the positioning pin of the pumping head abuts against the lower end surface of the walking beam; wherein: The donkey head is provided with an anti-slip hanger, and a donkey head sliding pin is provided between the donkey head hanging shaft and the positioning pin shaft, and the two donkey head sliding pins are symmetrically fixed to the two side plates of the donkey head, and the donkey head hanging self-locking mechanism is symmetrically fixed to the two side plates of the front end of the rocker beam, and the donkey head hanging self-locking mechanism comprises a guide positioning plate and an anti-slip self-locking sliding shaft, and the guide positioning plate is fixed to the inner plate, the middle plate and the outer plate in sequence from the inside to the outside, and the inner plate, the middle plate and the outer plate are respectively provided with a guide slide groove, forming a guide and locking guide plate for the donkey head sliding pin to enter and exit. The cross-sectional shape of the guide slide groove is a trumpet opening and a vertical slide groove from top to bottom, and the left side of the vertical slide groove is connected to a slide shaft guide groove, and a freely sliding anti-slip self-locking sliding shaft is built in the slide shaft guide groove, and the anti-slip self-locking sliding shaft is in the shape of a stepped circular shaft, and the stepped shaft is supported on the inner plate, the middle plate and the outer plate respectively.

2. The walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism of the walking beam pumping unit according to claim 1 is characterized by: The guide slot sizes of the inner plate, middle plate and outer plate of the guide positioning plate are as follows: inner plate guide slot size < outer plate guide slot size < middle plate guide slot size.

3. The walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism of the walking beam pumping unit according to claim 1 is characterized by: The step short axis diameters of the anti-slip self-locking sliding shaft correspond to the guide sliding grooves of the inner plate, the middle plate and the outer plate respectively, so as to keep it sliding in the sliding grooves.

4. The walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism of the walking beam pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center line of the slide shaft guide groove connected to the left side of the vertical slide groove is inclined at 20 degrees to the horizontal line, and the left end is lower.

5. The walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism of the walking beam pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-slip sling on the upper part of the donkey head includes a lifting ring pin, a U-shaped lifting ring, a fan-shaped plate, a fan-shaped plate rotating shaft and a hook. The lifting ring pin passes through the open end of the U-shaped lifting ring and is pinned to the donkey head. A connecting plate is fixed in the middle of the U-shaped lifting ring, and a hook is fixed on the connecting plate. Long grooves for flipping the fan-shaped plate are symmetrically provided on both sides of the connecting plate fixed with the hook. The fan-shaped plate rotating shaft is fixed to one side of the connecting plate, and the fan-shaped plate rotating shaft is fitted with a fan-shaped plate. The fan-shaped plate is placed in the long groove and flipped to form an anti-slip sling structure for the donkey head.

6. The walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism of the walking beam pumping unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: Circular rings are welded at both ends of the U-shaped hanging ring opening, and a circular hole in the middle of the circular ring supports the hanging ring pin.

7. The walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism of the walking beam pumping unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The U-shaped lifting ring is formed by bending round steel into a U-shape, and a reinforcing rib plate is welded to the right-angle bottom of the U-shape.

8. The walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism of the walking beam pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-falling sling is hinged on the vertical center of gravity line of the donkey head.

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