Walking beam and horse head connecting mechanism of beam-pumping unit

Abstract

The utility model relates to a walking beam and horse head connecting mechanism of a beam-pumping unit, which comprises a horse head and a walking beam, the horse head is provided with an anti-dropping lifting appliance and two horse head sliding pins, the two horse head sliding pins are symmetrically and fixedly connected on two side plates of the horse head, and two side plates at the front end of the walking beam are symmetrically and fixedly connected with horse head hanging self-locking mechanisms. The horse head hanging self-locking mechanism comprises a guide positioning plate and an anti-falling self-locking sliding shaft, the guide positioning plate is sequentially and fixedly connected with an inner plate, a middle plate and an outer plate from inside to outside, guide sliding grooves are formed in the three layers of plates respectively, the section of each guide sliding groove sequentially comprises a horn opening and a vertical sliding groove from top to bottom, the left side of each vertical sliding groove is connected with a sliding shaft guide groove, and the right side of each sliding shaft guide groove is connected with an anti-falling self-locking sliding shaft. And an anti-falling self-locking sliding shaft capable of freely sliding is arranged in the sliding shaft guide groove. The horse head and the walking beam are connected through a self-hanging and self-locking mechanism, an operator does not need to climb up repeatedly or a lifting machine does not need to assist in picking and hanging the horse head, and the horse head can be easily picked and hung on the ground through operation of a crane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of petroleum extraction technology, and in particular relates to a walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism for a walking beam pumping unit. Background Technology

[0002] The walking beam pumping unit is a key piece of equipment in crude oil extraction. The connection method between the pumping head and the walking beam is crucial for the assembly, disassembly, and repositioning of the pumping head during well workover operations. Existing pumping heads are welded from steel plates, hollow, and have a certain width of arc-shaped structure. Some pumping heads have a hanging shaft on the top surface of the corresponding walking beam and a positioning pin on the bottom surface. During installation, the hanging shaft is inserted into the corresponding groove on the top surface of the walking beam, and the positioning pin is abutted against the lower part of the end face of the walking beam and locked. Currently, the repositioning methods used in the field include: upward tilting, side-turning, top-mounted, and downward tilting. Regardless of the repositioning method, operators must climb onto the walking beam or onto a lifting vehicle to operate, which involves numerous steps, high safety risks, and high operating costs. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model aims to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology by providing a walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism for a walking beam pumping unit. The donkey head can be installed and disassembled on the walking beam using lifting equipment, and the operator does not need to climb to a height. When working over a well, the donkey head can be simply hoisted down to complete the task easily and safely.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism for a walking beam pumping unit, comprising a donkey head and a walking beam. The donkey head is equipped with a hanging shaft and a positioning pin. A groove for accommodating the donkey head hanging shaft is fixedly connected to the top of the walking beam, and the positioning pin of the donkey head abuts against the lower part of the end face of the walking beam. An anti-detachment device is provided on the donkey head. A donkey head sliding pin is provided between the donkey head hanging shaft and the positioning pin. Two donkey head sliding pins are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side plates of the donkey head. A donkey head hooking self-locking mechanism is symmetrically fixed to the front side plates of the walking beam. The self-locking mechanism includes a guide positioning plate and an anti-detachment self-locking slide shaft. The guide positioning plate is fixedly connected to an inner plate, a middle plate, and an outer plate from the inside out. The inner plate, middle plate, and outer plate are respectively provided with guide grooves, which form guide and locking guide plates for the sliding pin of the donkey head to move in and out. The cross-sectional shape of the guide groove is a flared opening and a vertical groove from top to bottom. The left side of the vertical groove is connected to the slide shaft guide groove. The slide shaft guide groove contains a freely sliding anti-detachment self-locking slide shaft. The anti-detachment self-locking slide shaft is in the shape of a stepped round shaft, which is supported on the inner plate, middle plate, and outer plate respectively.

[0005] Furthermore, the dimensions of the guide grooves of the inner plate, middle plate, and outer plate of the guide positioning plate are as follows: inner plate guide groove size < outer plate guide groove size < middle plate guide groove size.

[0006] Furthermore, the stepped short shaft diameter of the anti-detachment self-locking slide shaft corresponds to the guide grooves of the inner plate, middle plate and outer plate respectively, keeping it sliding in the groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the center line of the sliding shaft guide groove connected to the left side of the vertical sliding groove is inclined at a 20° angle to the horizontal line, and the left end is lower.

[0008] Furthermore, the anti-detachment lifting device on the upper part of the donkey head includes a lifting ring pin, a U-shaped lifting ring, a fan-shaped plate, a fan-shaped plate pivot, and a hook. The lifting ring pin passes through the open end of the U-shaped lifting ring and is pinned to the donkey head. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the middle of the U-shaped lifting ring, and a hook is fixedly connected to the connecting plate. The connecting plate has symmetrically arranged long grooves on both sides of the hook for the fan-shaped plate to flip. A fan-shaped plate pivot is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate. The fan-shaped plate is fitted onto the fan-shaped plate pivot. The fan-shaped plate is placed in the long groove and flips, forming the anti-detachment lifting device structure of the donkey head.

[0009] Furthermore, the U-shaped lifting ring has circular rings welded to both ends of its opening, and the circular hole in the middle of the circular rings supports the lifting ring pin.

[0010] Furthermore, the U-shaped lifting ring is made of round steel bent into a U shape, and a reinforcing rib is welded to the right-angled bottom of the U shape.

[0011] Furthermore, the anti-detachment device is hinged to the vertical center of gravity line of the donkey's head.

[0012] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, this utility model uses a self-hanging and self-locking mechanism to connect the donkey head and the walking beam. The donkey head can be easily hung and detached without the need for operators to repeatedly climb up or use a lifting machine. It can be easily completed on the ground by operating a crane, eliminating the risk of working at height and reducing construction costs. When the pumping unit suddenly loses its load, it can also ensure that the donkey head will not fall off, eliminating safety risks. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the self-locking mechanism for the donkey head hook on the traveling beam;

[0015] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-layer guide positioning plate;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-loosening self-locking slide shaft;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the improved donkey head structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The left view;

[0019] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the anti-detachment lifting device;

[0020] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 The right view;

[0021] Figure 9 It is a simplified diagram of the line segments connecting the relative positions of the hanging shaft, sliding pin, and locating pin.

[0022] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the horizontal position of the walking beam with the anti-detachment self-locking sliding shaft installed.

[0023] Figure 11 The donkey head sliding pin moves along the guide positioning plate, and the walking beam is inserted into the donkey head state diagram;

[0024] Figure 12 This is a diagram showing the state where the donkey head hanger is aligned with the groove on the top surface of the walking beam and the sliding pin enters the vertical slide groove.

[0025] Figure 13 This is a diagram showing the donkey head in its working position after the donkey head axle is fully inserted into the groove.

[0026] Figure 14 This is a diagram showing the state where the anti-loosening self-locking slide shaft slides out of the left end groove, falls into the vertical groove, and contacts the donkey head sliding pin.

[0027] Figure 15 This is a diagram showing the state of the sliding pin pushing the anti-detachment self-locking sliding shaft into the sliding shaft guide groove when removing the donkey's head;

[0028] Figure 16 This is a diagram showing the state of a pumping unit suddenly losing load;

[0029] Figure 17 This is a diagram showing the donkey's head before it was lifted from the ground.

[0030] Figure 18 This is a diagram showing the connection between the donkey head and the walking beam after the donkey head has been lifted.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Donkey head, 2. Walking beam, 3. Donkey head hanging shaft, 4. Positioning pin, 5. Groove, 6. Anti-detachment lifting device, 6-1. Lifting ring pin, 6-2. U-shaped lifting ring, 6-3. Fan-shaped plate, 6-4. Fan-shaped plate pivot, 6-5. Hook, 6-6. Connecting plate, 6-7. Long groove, 6-8. Circular ring, 6-9. Reinforcing rib plate, 7. Donkey head sliding pin, 8. Donkey head hook self-locking mechanism, 8-1. Guide positioning plate, 8-1-1. Inner plate, 8-1-2. Middle plate, 8-1-3. Outer plate, 8-2. Anti-detachment self-locking sliding shaft, 8-3. Guide groove, 8-3-1. Trumpet opening, 8-3-2. Vertical groove, 8-3-3. Sliding shaft guide groove, 9. Hook. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following detailed description of the specific implementation method according to the present invention, in conjunction with preferred embodiments, is provided: Referring to the accompanying drawings, this embodiment provides a walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism for a walking beam pumping unit, including a donkey head 1 and a walking beam 2. The donkey head is provided with a donkey head hanging shaft 3 and a positioning pin 4. A groove 5 for placing the donkey head hanging shaft is fixedly connected to the top of the walking beam, and the positioning pin of the donkey head abuts against the lower part of the end face of the walking beam. An anti-detachment hanger 6 is provided on the donkey head, and a donkey head sliding pin 7 is provided between the donkey head hanging shaft and the positioning pin. Two donkey head sliding pins are symmetrically fixedly connected to the two side plates of the donkey head. A donkey head hooking self-locking mechanism 8 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the two side plates at the front end of the walking beam. The donkey head hooking self-locking mechanism includes... The system includes a guide positioning plate 8-1 and an anti-detachment self-locking slide shaft 8-2. The guide positioning plate is sequentially fixed with an inner plate 8-1-1, a middle plate 8-1-2, and an outer plate 8-1-3 from the inside out. Guide grooves 8-3 are provided on the inner, middle, and outer plates, forming guide and locking guides for the sliding pin of the donkey head to move in and out. The cross-sectional shape of the guide grooves, from top to bottom, is a flared opening 8-3-1 and a vertical groove 8-3-2. A slide shaft guide groove 8-3-3 is connected to the left side of the vertical groove. The slide shaft guide groove houses the freely sliding anti-detachment self-locking slide shaft 8-2. The anti-detachment self-locking slide shaft is a stepped circular shaft, supported on the inner, middle, and outer plates respectively. In this embodiment, the inner plate is 10mm thick, the middle plate is 16mm thick, and the outer plate is 14mm thick. Openings are provided below the guide grooves on the middle and outer plates. After welding to form the slide shaft guide groove, the anti-detachment self-locking slide shaft can be inserted into the slide shaft guide groove through the openings below.

[0033] See appendix for details Figure 3 In a preferred embodiment, the guide groove dimensions of the inner plate, middle plate, and outer plate of the guide positioning plate are: inner plate guide groove size < outer plate guide groove size < middle plate guide groove size. All three guide positioning plates have grooves, with the inner plate groove being smaller, the middle plate groove being the largest, and the outer plate groove being in the middle. The outer plate groove size loosely fits the outer diameter of the donkey head sliding pin. The three grooves have different shapes, respectively guiding and limiting the donkey head sliding pin and the anti-detachment slider.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the stepped short shaft diameter of the anti-detachment self-locking slide shaft 8-2 corresponds to the guide grooves of the inner plate, middle plate, and outer plate, respectively, ensuring its sliding within the grooves. In this embodiment, the diameters of the anti-detachment self-locking slide shaft from left to right are Φ2 / Φ3 / Φ1, the stepped shaft platform width is 20mm, and the total width is 56mm.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the center line of the guide groove for the sliding shaft connected to the left side of the vertical slide groove is inclined at a 20° angle to the horizontal line, and the left end is lower. When the walking beam is close to the horizontal position, it ensures that the anti-loosening self-locking sliding shaft will not roll to the right.

[0036] See appendix for details Figure 7 ,8 In a preferred embodiment, the anti-detachment device 6 on the upper part of the donkey head includes a lifting ring pin 6-1, a U-shaped lifting ring 6-2, a fan-shaped plate 6-3, a fan-shaped plate pivot 6-4, and a hook 6-5. The lifting ring pin 6-1 passes through the open end of the U-shaped lifting ring and is pinned to the donkey head 1. A connecting plate 6-6 is fixedly connected to the middle of the U-shaped lifting ring, and a hook 6-5 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate. The hooks fixed to the connecting plate are symmetrically provided with long grooves 6-7 on both sides for the fan-shaped plate to flip. A fan-shaped plate pivot 6-4 is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate. A fan-shaped plate is fitted onto the fan-shaped plate pivot. The fan-shaped plate is placed in the long groove and flips, thus forming the anti-detachment device structure of the donkey head.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the two ends of the U-shaped lifting ring opening are welded with rings 6-8, and the central hole of the rings supports the lifting ring pin.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the U-shaped lifting ring is made of round steel bent into a U-shape, and a reinforcing rib plate 6-9 is welded to the right-angled bottom of the U-shape.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the anti-detachment device is hinged to the vertical center of gravity line of the donkey's head.

[0040] The walking beam is a box beam with a rectangular cross-section, welded from steel plates. The front top has a groove 5 composed of two vertical plates, which is used to suspend the donkey head hanging axle. The front bottom has a baffle to support the positioning pin of the donkey head.

[0041] Working principle

[0042] 1. When storing or transporting donkey heads, place the anti-detachment lifting device on the vertical center line of the donkey head to reduce the space occupied;

[0043] 2. Before lifting the donkey head, connect the hook 9 of the lifting equipment to the hook of the anti-detachment device on the donkey head on the ground, and ensure that the fan-shaped plate blocks the opening of the hook of the anti-detachment device to prevent detachment;

[0044] 3. Lift the donkey head, allowing it to naturally become vertical. Because the anti-derailment lifting device is on the donkey head's center of gravity line, the donkey head is in a horizontally aligned position with the walking beam.

[0045] 4. See appendix for details. Figure 10 With the walking beam in a horizontal position, insert the anti-detachment self-locking slide shaft into the lower opening of the slide groove and slide it to the end of the slide shaft guide groove 8-3-3. Because the slide shaft guide groove is inclined at an angle of about 20° to the horizontal and the left end is lower, the anti-detachment self-locking slide shaft will not roll to the right when the walking beam is close to the horizontal position;

[0046] like Figure 9 As shown, to more clearly illustrate the connection process between the donkey head and the walking beam, the donkey head is now simplified to three circular shafts connected by line segments, with the relative positions of the hanging shaft, sliding pin, and positioning pin remaining unchanged.

[0047] 5. See appendix for details. Figure 11 When the donkey head is raised to the point where the sliding pin and the walking beam groove open, the donkey head is moved to the left, causing the donkey head sliding pin to move along the grooves of the middle plate and the outer plate, and the walking beam to insert into the donkey head; (lift the donkey head, causing the donkey head sliding pin to move along the grooves of the middle plate and the outer plate, and the walking beam to insert into the donkey head)

[0048] 6. See appendix for details. Figure 12 After the donkey head hanging shaft is aligned with the groove on the top surface of the walking beam, the sliding pin also moves to the vertical groove in the vertical direction, and the donkey head begins to be lowered.

[0049] 7. See appendix for details. Figure 13 After the donkey head hanger is fully lowered into the groove on the top surface of the walking beam, the sliding pin is in the vertical slide groove 8-3-2, and the positioning pin is attached to the front end face of the walking beam, with the donkey head in the working position. At this time, the crane hook moves backward, allowing the donkey head anti-detachment ring to hang naturally and rest on the end face behind the donkey head. The fan-shaped plate hangs naturally due to gravity, opening the hook of the anti-detachment ring, and the crane hook is pulled out from the opening.

[0050] 8. See appendix for details. Figure 14 Rotate the walking beam to the bottom dead center position. The anti-detachment self-locking slide shaft slides out of the slide shaft guide groove and falls into the vertical slide groove 8-3-2, contacting the donkey head sliding pin, thus completing the donkey head installation. Because the anti-detachment self-locking slide shaft is within the vertical slide groove 8-3-2, the normal swing angle of the walking beam is within ±35°, so the anti-detachment self-locking slide shaft will not slide out of the vertical slide groove.

[0051] 9. See appendix for details. Figure 15 When removing the donkey head, tilt the walking beam slightly upwards. Use the crane's large hook to hook the far end of the U-shaped anti-detachment lifting ring. Once hooked, lift the donkey head. Use the crane to lift the donkey head, and the anti-detachment self-locking slide shaft will slide upwards along the vertical slide groove. Push the anti-detachment self-locking slide shaft upwards along the vertical slide groove. After encountering the lower slide shaft guide groove 8-3-3, it will automatically slide into the lowest point on the left. Continue to lift the donkey head and move it forward appropriately, so that the anti-detachment self-locking slide shaft moves forward along the vertical slide groove 8-3-2. After it is removed from the walking beam, the donkey head can be removed.

[0052] 10. See appendix for details. Figure 16 If the pumping unit suddenly loses load, the donkey head hanging shaft 3 moves rapidly upward along the groove 5 on the top surface of the walking beam and the donkey head sliding pin 7 along the vertical slide. Due to the high speed of the donkey head, the anti-detachment self-locking sliding shaft 8-2 is pushed to the top of the vertical slide and cannot move further. At this time, the position of the donkey head hanging shaft is lower than the groove 5, and the anti-detachment self-locking sliding shaft is stuck in the vertical slide and cannot continue to move upward. The donkey head sliding pin 7 is stuck, which prevents the donkey head from detaching from the walking beam, ensuring safety in extreme situations.

[0053] The above detailed description of the walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism of a walking beam pumping unit with reference to the embodiments is illustrative rather than limiting. Several embodiments can be listed according to the defined scope. Therefore, changes and modifications without departing from the overall concept of this utility model should be within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism for a walking beam pumping unit, comprising a donkey head and a walking beam, wherein the donkey head is provided with a hanging shaft and a positioning pin, and a groove for accommodating the donkey head hanging shaft is fixedly connected to the top of the walking beam, and the positioning pin of the donkey head abuts against the lower part of the end face of the walking beam; characterized in that: The donkey head is equipped with an anti-detachment hanging device. A donkey head sliding pin is provided between the donkey head hanging shaft and the positioning pin shaft. Two donkey head sliding pins are symmetrically fixed to the two side plates of the donkey head. A donkey head hooking self-locking mechanism is symmetrically fixed to the two side plates at the front end of the walking beam. The donkey head hooking self-locking mechanism includes a guide positioning plate and an anti-detachment self-locking sliding shaft. The guide positioning plate is fixed to an inner plate, a middle plate and an outer plate from the inside to the outside. The inner plate, the middle plate and the outer plate are respectively provided with guide grooves, which form guide and locking guide plates for the donkey head sliding pin to move in and out. The cross-sectional shape of the guide groove is a flared opening and a vertical groove from top to bottom. A sliding shaft guide groove is connected to the left side of the vertical groove. The sliding shaft guide groove contains a freely sliding anti-detachment self-locking sliding shaft. The anti-detachment self-locking sliding shaft is in the shape of a stepped round shaft, and the stepped shaft is supported on the inner plate, the middle plate and the outer plate respectively.

2. The walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism of the walking beam pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dimensions of the guide grooves of the inner plate, middle plate, and outer plate of the guide positioning plate are as follows: inner plate guide groove size < outer plate guide groove size < middle plate guide groove size.

3. The walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism of the walking beam pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stepped short shaft diameter of the anti-detachment self-locking slide shaft corresponds to the guide grooves of the inner plate, middle plate and outer plate respectively, keeping it sliding in the groove.

4. The walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism of the walking beam pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center line of the sliding shaft guide groove connected to the left side of the vertical slide groove is inclined at a 20° angle to the horizontal line, and the left end is lower.

5. The walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism of the walking beam pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-detachment suspension device on the upper part of the donkey head includes a lifting ring pin, a U-shaped lifting ring, a fan-shaped plate, a fan-shaped plate pivot, and a hook. The lifting ring pin passes through the open end of the U-shaped lifting ring and is pinned to the donkey head. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the middle of the U-shaped lifting ring, and a hook is fixedly connected to the connecting plate. The connecting plate has symmetrical long grooves on both sides of the hook for the fan-shaped plate to flip. A fan-shaped plate pivot is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate. The fan-shaped plate is fitted onto the fan-shaped plate pivot. The fan-shaped plate is placed in the long groove and flips, forming the anti-detachment suspension device structure of the donkey head.

6. The walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism of the walking beam pumping unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The U-shaped lifting ring has circular rings welded to both ends of its opening, and the circular hole in the middle of the circular rings supports the lifting ring pin.

7. The walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism of the walking beam pumping unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The U-shaped lifting ring is made of round steel bent into a U shape, and a reinforcing rib is welded to the right-angled bottom of the U shape.

8. The walking beam and donkey head connection mechanism of the walking beam pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-detachment device is hinged to the vertical center of gravity line of the donkey's head.

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