Communication method, bandwidth allocation method, related devices and systems

Abstract

A communication method, bandwidth allocation method and device, electronic equipment and system are disclosed. The method is applied to a PON system, the PON system comprising a first terminal set and a second terminal set, the first terminal set comprising at least one first ONT, the second terminal set comprising at least one second ONT, the first ONT and the second ONT adopting different MAC protocols and the uplink wavelengths overlapping; the method comprising: determining a first allocation period set and a second allocation period set in a target period, the first allocation period set comprising X first allocation periods, the second allocation period set comprising Y second allocation periods, the sum of X and Y being less than or equal to M, M being the number of allocation periods in the target period; allocating time slots in the first allocation periods to the first ONT; and allocating time slots in the second allocation periods to the second ONT. The method can avoid the uplink data transmitted by the ONTs supporting different MAC protocols from colliding.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202310944424.2, filed on July 28, 2023, entitled "Bandwidth Allocation Method and Apparatus, Electronic Device and System", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of optical communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, bandwidth allocation method, related equipment and system. Background Technology

[0003] A passive optical network (PON) is a point-to-multipoint, single-fiber, bidirectional optical access network. A PON system typically includes an optical line termination (OLT), an optical distributed network (ODN), and multiple optical network terminations (ONTs). The OLT connects to multiple ONTs through the ODN.

[0004] With the development of optical communication technology, at a certain stage, a PON system may simultaneously have at least two ONTs supporting different media access control (MAC) protocols. The uplink wavelengths used by ONTs supporting different MAC protocols may overlap, leading to uplink data conflicts and affecting the normal operation of the PON system.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method to resolve uplink data conflicts transmitted by ONTs that support different MAC protocols. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a communication method, bandwidth allocation method and apparatus, electronic device and system that can avoid uplink data conflicts transmitted by ONTs supporting different MAC protocols.

[0007] Firstly, this application provides a bandwidth allocation method that can be executed by an OLT in a PON system. The PON system further includes a first terminal set and a second terminal set. The first terminal set includes at least one first ONT, and the second terminal set includes at least one second ONT. The first ONT and the second ONT use different MAC protocols, and the uplink wavelengths of the first ONT and the second ONT overlap. The method includes: determining a first allocation period set and a second allocation period set within a target period. The target period includes M allocation periods, where M is greater than 1 and is an integer. The first allocation period set includes X first allocation periods from the M allocation periods, and the second allocation period set includes Y second allocation periods from the M allocation periods. X and Y are both positive integers, and the sum of X and Y is less than or equal to M. Allocating time slots in the first allocation period to the first ONT in the first terminal set according to the MAC protocol of the first ONT; and allocating time slots in the second allocation period to the second ONT in the second terminal set according to the MAC protocol of the second ONT.

[0008] When the first ONT and the second ONT support different MAC protocols, it is difficult to schedule both types of ONTs within the uplink frame period specified by the MAC protocol using a single bandwidth allocation algorithm. In this application, a first allocation period set and a second period set are first determined within the target period. Then, time slots in the first allocation period are allocated to the first ONT according to its MAC protocol, and time slots in the second allocation period are allocated to the second ONT according to its MAC protocol, thus staggering the time slots allocated to the first ONT and the second ONT. That is, when the OLT allocates time slots (bandwidth), it first performs a coarse-grained division of the time slots (bandwidth), ensuring that the first ONT and the second ONT using different MAC protocols send uplink data in different time slots. Even if the uplink wavelengths used for uplink data transmission by the first ONT and the second ONT overlap, the uplink data transmitted by the first ONT and the second ONT will not conflict. Furthermore, allocating bandwidth to ONTs according to their respective MAC protocols in the first and second time slot groups simplifies the bandwidth allocation algorithm and improves the efficiency of bandwidth allocation.

[0009] Optionally, the first allocation period set includes at least two first subsets, each of the at least two first subsets including one first allocation period or including at least two consecutive first allocation periods, and at least one second allocation period exists between two adjacent first subsets in the at least two first subsets; and / or, the second allocation period set includes at least two second subsets, each of the at least two second subsets including one second allocation period or including at least two consecutive second allocation periods, and at least one first allocation period exists between two adjacent second subsets in the at least two second subsets.

[0010] Alternating between the first subset and the second subset within a target period can distribute the allocation period within the target period more evenly to the first ONT in the first terminal set and the second ONT in the second terminal set, minimizing the waiting time for the first ONT and / or the second ONT to send uplink data and meeting the latency requirements of the ONTs.

[0011] In some examples, the number of first allocation periods contained in different first subsets is equal, and the number of second allocation periods contained in different second subsets is equal.

[0012] In other examples, the number of first allocation periods contained in different first subsets is not equal, and the number of second allocation periods contained in different second subsets is equal. Alternatively, the number of first allocation periods contained in different first subsets is equal, but the number of second allocation periods contained in different second subsets is not equal. Or, the number of first allocation periods contained in different first subsets is not equal, and the number of second allocation periods contained in different second subsets is also not equal.

[0013] By flexibly configuring the number of allocation cycles contained in the first and second subsets, more scenario requirements can be met.

[0014] Optionally, the first allocation period set includes one first allocation period or at least two consecutive first allocation periods; and / or, the second allocation period set includes one second allocation period or at least two consecutive second allocation periods. That is, within the same target period, all first allocation periods in the first allocation period set are set consecutively, and / or all second allocation periods in the second allocation period set are set consecutively. This approach can be applied to situations where the number of one type of ONT is significantly higher than another type, such as in the early or late stages of different types coexisting in a PON system, thus ensuring the service bandwidth requirements of a large number of terminal types in the existing network.

[0015] Optionally, at least one first allocation period in the first allocation period set is a windowing period; and / or, at least one second allocation period in the second allocation period set is a windowing period. That is, the windowing period is set within the target period. Setting the windowing period within the allocation period corresponding to the MAC protocol used by the ONT can avoid affecting the normal service communication of ONTs using other MAC protocols.

[0016] Optionally, the method further includes: defining a distribution cycle following the target cycle, or at least two consecutive distribution cycles, as the windowing cycle. That is, setting the windowing cycle outside the target cycle. Flexible setting of the windowing cycle's position can adapt to more scenario requirements.

[0017] Optionally, the first ONT and the second ONT may use different message encapsulation methods. When the first ONT and the second ONT use different message encapsulation methods, the corresponding frame structure lengths are different, which makes the bandwidth allocation algorithm more complex and difficult to complete the bandwidth allocation for both types of ONTs within the uplink frame period specified by the MAC protocol (e.g., 125μs corresponding to the message encapsulation methods of the first ONT or the second ONT). Therefore, in this case, the aforementioned bandwidth allocation method is more suitable.

[0018] Optionally, when the length of the frame structure corresponding to the message encapsulation method adopted by the first ONT is fixed, the length of the allocation period is an integer multiple of the length of the frame structure corresponding to the message encapsulation method adopted by the first ONT; and / or, when the length of the frame structure corresponding to the message encapsulation method adopted by the second ONT is fixed, the length of the allocation period is an integer multiple of the length of the frame structure corresponding to the message encapsulation method adopted by the second ONT.

[0019] When dividing the bandwidth in a coarse-grained manner, the length of the frame structure corresponding to the message encapsulation method adopted by the first ONT and / or the second ONT is considered. The length of the allocation period is set to an integer multiple of the length of the frame structure corresponding to the message encapsulation method adopted by the first ONT and / or the second ONT, so that each allocation period can be used entirely for the ONT to send uplink data, which is beneficial to improving the uplink bandwidth utilization of the system.

[0020] Optionally, the MAC protocol used by the first ONT belongs to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard system, while the MAC protocol used by the second ONT belongs to the International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) standard system. The ITU-T standard system specifies GPON encapsulation as the message encapsulation method, requiring a frame structure length of 125μs. In contrast, the IEEE standard system uses Ethernet encapsulation, and the frame structure length is not fixed. Therefore, the allocation period length can be set to an integer multiple of the frame structure length corresponding to the second ONT, i.e., the allocation period length can be set to N times 125μs. Here, N is a positive integer, ranging from 1 to 32, such as 1, 2, 3, 8, 16, or 32, etc.

[0021] Optionally, determining the first allocation period set and the second allocation period set in the target period includes: determining the first allocation period set and the second allocation period set in the target period based on the bandwidth demand information of the first ONT in the first terminal set and the bandwidth demand information of the second ONT in the second terminal set.

[0022] For example, the bandwidth requirement information of the first ONT includes at least one of the number of first ONTs and service information of the services activated by the first ONTs, and the bandwidth requirement information of the second ONT includes at least one of the number of second ONTs and service information of the services activated by the second ONTs. Optionally, the service information includes service type or latency requirements, etc.

[0023] Dividing the first allocation period set and the second allocation period set according to the bandwidth requirement information of the first ONT and the second ONT can better meet the uplink bandwidth requirements of the ONT.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the first terminal set further includes at least one third ONT, the third ONT employing a different MAC protocol than both the first and second ONTs. For example, the first ONT is an EPON ONT, the second ONT is a 50G PON ONT or a 25GS PON ONT, and the third ONT is a 10G EPON ONT.

[0025] In this embodiment, allocating time slots in the first allocation period to the first ONT in the first terminal set according to the MAC protocol of the first ONT includes: allocating time slots in the first allocation period to the first ONT and the third ONT in the first terminal set according to the MAC protocol of the first ONT and the MAC protocol of the third ONT.

[0026] Since the first ONT and the third ONT use the same MAC protocol standard, they employ the same message encapsulation method and have the same frame structure, allowing for similar scheduling methods. Therefore, time slots in the first allocation cycle can be allocated to these two types of ONTs, enabling unified scheduling and thus achieving coexistence of the first, second, and third ONTs in the PON system.

[0027] In another possible implementation, the first ONT is an EPON ONT, and the second ONT is a 50G PON ONT or a 25GS PON ONT.

[0028] In another possible implementation, the first ONT is an EPON ONT and the second ONT is an XG(S)PON ONT (i.e., a symmetrical or asymmetrical 10GPON ONT).

[0029] Secondly, this application provides a bandwidth allocation device. This bandwidth allocation device has the function of implementing the method described in the first aspect or any alternative method of the first aspect. The function can be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more units corresponding to the above-described function.

[0030] Thirdly, an electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a processor and a memory. The memory is used to store software programs and modules. The processor implements the methods described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect by running or executing the software programs and / or modules stored in the memory.

[0031] Optionally, the processor may be one or more, and the memory may be one or more.

[0032] Optionally, the memory may be integrated with the processor, or the memory may be separated from the processor.

[0033] In the specific implementation process, the memory can be a non-transitory memory, such as read-only memory (ROM), which can be integrated with the processor on the same chip or set on different chips. This application does not limit the type of memory or the way the memory and processor are set.

[0034] Fourthly, this application provides a communication method for a passive optical network (PON) system, the PON system including an optical line terminal (OLT) and at least one first optical network terminal (ONT), the method comprising:

[0035] The ONT receives a downlink physical frame sent by the OLT. The downlink physical frame includes the types of uplink wavelengths supported by the PON system. The ONT determines whether it supports the uplink wavelength corresponding to the type of uplink wavelength. If the ONT supports the uplink wavelength corresponding to the type of uplink wavelength, it sends an uplink physical frame to the OLT using the uplink wavelength.

[0036] In the method provided in this application, since the OLT can notify the ONT of the uplink wavelength used in the current PON system through the uplink wavelength indication bit in the downlink physical frame, communication conflicts caused by wavelength mismatch between the OLT and the ONT are avoided, and communication efficiency is improved.

[0037] The aforementioned communication method can be applied to a Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) PON system. During the mode learning state of the activation process, the ONT can determine whether it supports the uplink wavelength corresponding to its type. If supported, it enters the sequence number state of the activation process. The transmission rate of the PON system can include 1G, 10G, 50G, 100G, or 200G.

[0038] In the sequence number state, the ONT can receive a sequence number grant message sent by the OLT, and then send a sequence number response message to the OLT, which carries the ONT's own sequence number.

[0039] Furthermore, if the ONT does not support the uplink wavelength corresponding to the type of uplink wavelength, the registration (activation) process will be stopped.

[0040] In the method provided in this application, the ONT uses an uplink wavelength to send an uplink physical frame to the OLT, including the ONT using the uplink wavelength to send messages in the registration (activation) process to the ONT, such as sequence number response messages, ranging response messages, etc.

[0041] In the method provided in this application, the ONT determines whether it supports the uplink wavelength corresponding to the type of uplink wavelength, including:

[0042] The ONT determines whether the type of uplink wavelength included in the operation control body of the downlink physical frame matches the wavelength type it supports.

[0043] Furthermore, the uplink wavelength type occupies at least 2 bits in the operation control body field. For example, the uplink wavelength type occupies 3 bits in the operation control body field.

[0044] In one possible implementation, the uplink wavelength types supported by the PON system correspond to wavelengths including 1260-1280nm, 1284nm-1288nm, or 1290-1310nm. Since TDM PON supports multiple uplink wavelength types, the wavelength channel identifier in the operation control unit can use three bits (which can be called uplink wavelength indicator bits) to indicate the type of uplink wavelength supported by the PON system. For example, 100 indicates that the PON system supports uplink wavelengths of 1260-1280nm, 010 indicates that the PON system supports uplink wavelengths of 1284-1288nm, and 001 indicates that the PON system supports uplink wavelengths of 1290-1310nm. After receiving a downlink physical frame, the ONT in the PON system sends uplink data to the OLT according to the uplink wavelength determined by the uplink wavelength indicator bits in the downlink physical frame.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the ONT uses the uplink wavelength to send an uplink physical frame to the OLT, including:

[0046] After the ONT completes registration with the OLT, the ONT sends the uplink physical frame to the OLT using the optical signal corresponding to the uplink wavelength. The uplink physical frame carries the user data of the ONT.

[0047] The registration (activation) process between the ONT and OLT involves multiple message exchanges. For example, the OLT sends a sequence number request message to the ONT, and the ONT returns a sequence number response message. The OLT sends a ranging request message to the ONT, and the ONT returns a ranging response message. The OLT calculates the equalization parameters corresponding to the ONT based on the ranging response message, and then sends a ranging time message to the ONT, which carries the equalization delay of the ONT. After receiving the equalization delay sent by the OLT, the ONT enters the operation state. In the operation state, the ONT can process downlink physical frames and send uplink bursts.

[0048] The uplink messages sent by the ONT during the registration process can be carried by uplink physical frames. The ONT uses the optical signal corresponding to the uplink wavelength to send these uplink physical frames to the OLT.

[0049] Fifthly, this application provides a communication method applied to a passive optical network (PON) system, the PON system including an optical line terminal (OLT) and at least one first optical network terminal (ONT), the method comprising:

[0050] The OLT broadcasts a downlink physical frame to the ONT, the downlink physical frame including the type of uplink wavelength supported by the PON system; subsequently, the OLT receives the uplink physical frame sent by the ONT on the uplink wavelength corresponding to the type of uplink wavelength.

[0051] Specifically, the OLT may include the uplink wavelength type in the operation control body field of the downlink physical frame. Furthermore, the uplink wavelength type occupies at least 2 bits in the operation control body field. For example, the uplink wavelength type occupies 3 bits in the operation control body field.

[0052] In one possible implementation, before the OLT receives the uplink data transmitted by the ONT on the uplink wavelength corresponding to the type of uplink wavelength, the communication method further includes:

[0053] The OLT receives the ranging response message sent by the ONT on the uplink wavelength corresponding to the type of the uplink wavelength; the OLT sends a downlink physical frame to the ONT according to the ranging response message, the downlink physical frame carrying equalization delay.

[0054] In addition to the ranging response message mentioned above, the registration (activation) process between the ONT and OLT also includes multiple message exchanges. For example, the OLT sends a sequence number request message to the ONT, and the ONT returns a sequence number response message. The OLT sends a ranging request message to the ONT, and the ONT returns a ranging response message. The OLT calculates the equalization parameters corresponding to the ONT based on the ranging response message, and then sends a ranging time message to the ONT, which carries the equalization delay of the ONT.

[0055] In a sixth aspect, this application provides an electronic device including a processor and a memory, the memory being used to store software programs, the processor running or executing the software programs stored in the memory to enable the electronic device to implement the method executed by the ONT in the fourth aspect or the method executed by the OLT in the fifth aspect.

[0056] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing program code executed by a processor, the program code including instructions for implementing the method executed by the ONT as described in the fourth aspect or the method executed by the OLT as described in the fifth aspect.

[0057] Eighthly, this application provides a passive optical network system, which includes an optical line terminal (OLT) and multiple optical network terminals (NOTs). The OLT and the multiple ONTs are connected by optical fiber. The multiple ONTs include a first terminal set, which includes multiple first optical network terminals (ONTs). The multiple first optical network terminals (ONTs) use the same media access control protocol. At least one ONT is configured to use the method described in the fourth aspect, or the OLT is configured to use the method described in the fifth aspect above.

[0058] In a possible passive optical network system, multiple ONTs include a second terminal set and a third terminal set, wherein the second terminal set includes multiple second optical network terminals (ONTs) and the third terminal set includes multiple third optical network terminals (ONTs).

[0059] The first ONT uses 50GPON as its media access control protocol, the second ONT uses 10GPON as its media access control protocol, and the third ONT uses GPON, EPON, 200GPON, or 100GPON as its media access control protocol.

[0060] The first ONT sends an uplink physical frame to the OLT using an optical signal with a wavelength of 1284-1288nm, the second ONT sends an uplink physical frame to the OLT using an optical signal with a wavelength of 1260-1280nm, and the first ONT sends an uplink physical frame to the OLT using an optical signal with a wavelength of 1290-1330nm.

[0061] In the passive optical network system provided in this application, various types of ONTs use different uplink wavelengths to send data to the OLT, avoiding communication conflicts between different types of ONTs in the uplink direction. Furthermore, the aforementioned uplink wavelength type classification fully considers the transmission performance requirements of different types of ONT terminals, as well as the requirements for devices that can coexist across three generations.

[0062] Ninthly, a computer program product is provided. The computer program product includes computer program code that, when executed by a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in any of the possible implementations above.

[0063] In a tenth aspect, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing program code executed by a processor, the program code including instructions for implementing the methods in any of the above possible embodiments.

[0064] In one aspect, this application provides a chip including a processor, the processor being configured to retrieve and execute instructions stored in a memory, causing an optical communication device on which the chip is mounted to perform the methods described in any of the possible implementations above.

[0065] In a twelfth aspect, this application provides another chip. This other chip includes an input interface, an output interface, a processor, and a memory. The input interface, output interface, processor, and memory are interconnected via internal interconnection paths. The processor is used to execute code in the memory, and when the code is executed, the processor is used to perform the methods in any of the above-described possible embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0066] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a PON system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of uplink wavelengths of ONTs corresponding to different MAC protocols provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an OLT provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0069] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a bandwidth allocation method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0070] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between a first allocation period set and a second allocation period set provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0071] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between another set of first allocation periods and a set of second allocation periods provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0072] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an optical communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0073] Figure 8 This is a block diagram of a bandwidth allocation device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0074] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0075] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0076] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a PON system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the PON system includes OLT110, ONT120, and ODN130. OLT110 is connected to one or more ONT120s via ODN130. ONT120 can also be referred to as an optical network unit (ONU) device.

[0077] OLT 110 is typically located on the network side, such as in a central office (CO), and can centrally manage multiple ONT 120s. OLT 110 can act as a medium between ONT 120 and an upper-layer network (not shown in the diagram), forwarding data received from the upper-layer network to ONT 120 and vice versa. Upper-layer networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), and community antenna television (CATV).

[0078] Multiple ONT 120s can be distributed and deployed on the user side. An ONT 120 can be a network device used to communicate with an OLT 110 and user equipment. An ONT 120 can act as an intermediary between the OLT 110 and the user equipment; for example, an ONT 120 can forward data received from an OLT 110 to a user equipment, and forward data received from a user equipment to an OLT 110.

[0079] These multiple ONTs include a first terminal set and a second terminal set. The first terminal set includes at least one first ONT, and the second terminal set includes at least one second ONT. The first ONT and the second ONT use different MAC protocols.

[0080] In the embodiments of this application, the MAC protocol includes, but is not limited to, gigabit-capable PON (GPON), 10 gigabit per second PON (XG-PON), 10-gigabit-per-second symmetric passive optical network (XGS-PON), Ethernet PON (EPON), 10 gigabit per second EPON (10G-EPON), 25 gigabit per second PON (25G-PON), 50 gigabit per second PON (50G-PON), 100 gigabit per second PON (100G-PON), 25 gigabit per second EPON (25G-EPON), and 50 gigabit per second EPON (50G-PON). EPON (50G-EPON), as well as other rates such as GPON and EPON.

[0081] exist Figure 1 In the example shown, the first ONT is an EPON ONT or GPON ONT, and the second ONT is a 50G PON ONT or a 25GS PON ONT. The first terminal set also includes at least one third ONT. The third ONT is a 10G EPON ONT, XG-PON ONT, or XGS-PON ONT. EPON ONTs and GPON ONTs can be referred to as first-generation ONTs, 10G EPON ONTs, XG-PON ONTs, or XGS-PON ONTs can be referred to as second-generation ONTs, and 50G PON ONTs or 25GS PON ONTs can be referred to as third-generation ONTs. In this case, the PON system can be called a three-generation coexisting PON system.

[0082] In other examples, the first ONT in the first terminal set is an EPON ONT or a GPON ONT; the second ONT in the second terminal set is a 50G PON ONT or a 25GS PON ONT. For existing systems that only include EPON ONTs, the EPON ONTs can be directly upgraded to 50G PON ONTs or 25GS PON ONTs. During the upgrade process, there may be situations where EPON ONTs and 50G PON ONTs or 25GS PON ONTs coexist.

[0083] In some other examples, the first ONT in the first terminal set is an EPON ONT, and the second ONT in the second terminal set is a symmetrical or asymmetrical 10G PON ONT. Since 10G PON ONTs, especially 10G PON ONTs, currently have a larger and more widespread presence, some EPON ONTs can be transitioned to 10G PON ONTs first, and then 10G PON ONTs and 50GPONs can coexist using wavelength division multiplexing.

[0084] The ODN 130 is a data distribution / multiplexing system that may include a backbone fiber, a passive optical splitter, and user fibers. The passive optical splitter may include a first port and multiple second ports. The first port of the passive optical splitter is connected to an OLT 110 via the backbone fiber, and each second port of the passive optical splitter is connected to an ONT 120 via a user fiber.

[0085] In a PON system, the data from OLT 110 to ONT 120 is downlink, where OLT 110 broadcasts the downlink data to all ONT 120s, and each ONT 120 only receives data with its own identifier. Conversely, the data from ONT 120 to OLT 110 is uplink.

[0086] When a PON system has a first ONT and a second ONT that support different MAC protocols, the uplink wavelengths of the first ONT and the second ONT may overlap.

[0087] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the distribution of uplink wavelengths of ONTs corresponding to different MAC protocols, provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 2As shown, the uplink wavelength of EPON ONT includes 1260nm-1360nm (not shown in the figure), or 1290nm-1330nm. The uplink wavelength of 10G EPON ONT includes 1290nm-1330nm, or 1260nm-1280nm. The uplink wavelength of 50G PON ONT is 1260-1280nm, 1284nm-1288nm, or 1290-1310nm. It can be seen that the uplink wavelengths of EPON ONT and 50G PON ONT overlap. In this embodiment, when the above three generations of ONTs exist in the same optical network, in order to avoid interference, meet transmission performance requirements, and meet the performance requirements of devices (optical transmitting components, optical receiving components, filters, etc.), EPON ONT or GPON ONT can use 1290nm-1330nm optical signals for uplink data transmission to the OLT. A 10G EPON ONT, XG-PON ONT, or XGS-PON ONT can use 1260nm-1280nm optical signals for uplink data transmission to the OLT. A 50G PON ONT can use 1284nm-1288nm optical signals for uplink data transmission to the OLT. These three OLTs can be the same or different. Figure 1 One OLT includes different optical modules to realize the functions of three different types of OLTs. The three optical modules can process uplink optical signals of different wavelengths (1290nm-1330nm, 1260nm-1280nm and 1284nm-1288nm) respectively.

[0088] Since each ONT 120 shares ODN 130 and OLT 110, when the uplink wavelengths of the first ONT and the second ONT overlap, if the first ONT and the second ONT transmit uplink data simultaneously, the uplink data transmitted by the first ONT and the second ONT will conflict. To ensure that the uplink data of each ONT 120 does not conflict, in this embodiment of the PON system, ONTs supporting different MAC protocols use time division multiplexing (TDM) to transmit uplink data. That is, OLT 110 allocates time slots to each ONT 120, and each ONT 120 transmits uplink data according to the time slots allocated by OLT 110. The allocation of time slots by OLT 110 to each ONT 120 can be referred to as bandwidth allocation or bandwidth granting.

[0089] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an OLT provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the OLT 300 includes a processing unit 301 and an optical module 302.

[0090] The processing unit 301 may include a first MAC module and a second MAC module. The first MAC module uses the same MAC protocol as the first ONT in the first terminal set. The second MAC module uses the same MAC protocol as the second ONT in the second terminal set. The first MAC module and the second MAC module are connected, and they can synchronize bandwidth allocation information to facilitate the implementation of the bandwidth allocation method described below.

[0091] Optionally, the first MAC module and the second MAC module can be integrated on the same physical chip, or the first MAC module and the second MAC module can be set on different physical chips.

[0092] In addition to the first MAC module and the second MAC module, the processing unit 301 may also include one or more processors, such as a network processor (NP) or a central processing unit (CPU).

[0093] Alternatively, the processor can be integrated on the same physical chip as the first MAC module and the second MAC module, or they can be set on different physical chips.

[0094] In the embodiments of this application, the physical chip may be a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system on chip (SoC), a central processor (CPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), a programmable logic device (PLD), or other integrated chips.

[0095] The optical module 302 includes an optical transmitting component 3021 and an optical receiving component 3022. The optical transmitting component 3021 is used to transmit optical signals to the ONT under the control of the processing unit 301. The optical receiving component 3022 is used to receive the optical signals transmitted by the ONT and convert the received optical signals into electrical signals. The processing unit 301 is also used to recover the uplink data transmitted by the ONT from the electrical signals.

[0096] Figure 3The diagram exemplifies the structure of an optical communication device for the aforementioned three-generation coexisting PON system. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the optical transmitting component 2021 includes two transmitters (Tx) 2021a and 2021b. Tx 2021a is used to transmit optical signals at 1490nm (i.e., 1480nm-1500nm) and 1577nm (i.e., 1575nm-1579nm); Tx 2021b is used to transmit optical signals at 1342nm (i.e., 1340nm-1344nm). Specifically, 1480nm-1500nm is the downlink wavelength of the EPON ONT, 1575nm-1579nm is the downlink wavelength of the 10G EPON ONT, and 1340nm-1344nm is the downlink wavelength of the 50GPON ONT.

[0097] The optical receiving component 3022 includes a receiver 3022a (Rx) and a power divider 3022b. The receiver has a receiving wavelength range of 1260nm-1360nm. This receiving wavelength range covers the uplink wavelengths of the aforementioned three generations of ONTs, thus it can receive optical signals transmitted by the aforementioned three generations of ONTs and convert the optical signals into a single electrical signal. The power divider 3022b is used to divide the electrical signal output by the receiver 3022a into three sub-electrical signals. The processing unit 301 is used to recover uplink data transmitted by the EPON ONT from the first sub-electrical signal, recover uplink data transmitted by the 10G EPON ONT from the second sub-electrical signal, and recover uplink data transmitted by the 25GS PON ONT or 50GPON ONT from the third sub-signal.

[0098] For example, Figure 3 Both the receiver and transmitter in the system can be packaged in a transistor outline can (TO-CAN), which means that the photoelectric conversion device or electro-optic conversion device is packaged in a coaxial tube.

[0099] The optical receiver assembly 3022 also includes three limiting amplifiers (LAs) 3022c, each connected between an output terminal of the power divider 3022b and an input terminal of the processing unit 301. Each of the three LAs 3022c amplifies one sub-signal.

[0100] Figure 3 The structure of the optical module is merely an example, and this application does not limit it. For example, the optical emitting component 2021 may also include a transmitter for transmitting optical signals at 1342nm, 1490nm, and 1577nm.

[0101] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a bandwidth allocation method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method can be executed by an OLT, for example by... Figure 2 The processing unit 301 of the OLT in the process executes the commands. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the bandwidth allocation method includes:

[0102] S401: Determine the first allocation period set and the second allocation period set in the target period.

[0103] The target period includes M allocation periods, where M is greater than 1 and is an integer. The first allocation period set includes X first allocation periods, and the second allocation period set includes Y second allocation periods, where X and Y are both positive integers, and the sum of X and Y is less than or equal to M. That is, the M allocation periods include X first allocation periods and Y second allocation periods; the X first allocation periods form the first allocation period set, and the second allocation periods form the second allocation period set.

[0104] The value of M can be set according to actual needs. For example, the value range of M can be 2-32, such as M equals 8 or 16, etc.

[0105] When the value of M is small, the bandwidth allocation calculation cycle is short, which is beneficial for quickly adjusting bandwidth allocation according to changes in services. When the value of M is large, it is beneficial for ensuring stable bandwidth allocation.

[0106] In one possible implementation, the sum of X and Y equals M, meaning that all allocation cycles in a target cycle are divided into a first allocation cycle and a second allocation cycle.

[0107] In some examples, the first allocation period set includes at least two first subsets. Each first subset includes one first allocation period or includes at least two consecutive first allocation periods, with at least one second allocation period existing between two adjacent first subsets.

[0108] By dividing the first allocation period into multiple first subsets and setting at least one second allocation period between adjacent first subsets, when the target period contains a large number of first allocation periods, it is possible to avoid setting all first allocation periods consecutively, which would result in an excessively long waiting time for the second ONT to send uplink data.

[0109] In other examples, the second allocation period set includes at least two second subsets. Each second subset includes one second allocation period or includes at least two consecutive second allocation periods, with at least one first allocation period existing between two adjacent second subsets.

[0110] By dividing the second allocation period into multiple second subsets and setting at least one first allocation period between adjacent second subsets, when the target period contains a large number of second allocation periods, it is possible to avoid setting all the second allocation periods consecutively, which would result in an excessively long waiting time for the first ONT to send uplink data.

[0111] In some other examples, the first allocation period set comprises at least two first subsets, and the second allocation period set comprises at least two second subsets. Each first subset comprises one first allocation period or comprises at least two consecutive first allocation periods. Each second subset comprises one second allocation period or comprises at least two consecutive second allocation periods. A second subset exists between two adjacent first subsets. A first subset exists between two adjacent second subsets.

[0112] Alternating between the first subset and the second subset within a target period can distribute the allocation period within the target period more evenly to the first ONT in the first terminal set and the second ONT in the second terminal set, thus minimizing the waiting time for the first ONT and the second ONT to send uplink data.

[0113] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between a first allocation period set and a second allocation period set provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 The example provided illustrates the scenario where all allocation periods in the target period are divided into the first allocation period and the second allocation period.

[0114] like Figure 5 As shown in part (a), the first allocation cycle set comprises two first subsets, and the second allocation cycle set comprises two second subsets. The two first subsets and two second subsets are arranged alternately. Each first subset comprises three temporally consecutive first allocation cycles, and each second subset comprises one second allocation cycle. The number of second allocation cycles corresponding to the second ONT is relatively small, making it suitable for situations where the number of second ONTs in a PON system is small.

[0115] like Figure 5 As shown in part (b), the first allocation cycle set comprises four first subsets, and the second allocation cycle set comprises four second subsets. The four first subsets and four second subsets are arranged alternately. Each first subset comprises one first allocation cycle, and each second subset comprises one second allocation cycle. The alternation of the first and second allocation cycles helps to reduce the waiting latency of the first ONT and the second ONT.

[0116] It should be noted that, in Figure 5In parts (a) and (b), the number of first allocation periods contained in different first subsets is equal; the number of second allocation periods contained in different second subsets is equal. In other embodiments, the number of first allocation periods contained in different first subsets is unequal, and the number of second allocation periods contained in different second subsets is equal; or, the number of first allocation periods contained in different first subsets is equal, and the number of second allocation periods contained in different second subsets is unequal; or, the number of first allocation periods contained in different first subsets is unequal, and the number of second allocation periods contained in different second subsets is also unequal. By flexibly configuring the number of allocation periods contained in the first and second subsets, more scenario requirements can be met.

[0117] also, Figure 5 In parts (a) and (b), the number of the first subset and the number of the second subset are the same in a target period; in other embodiments, the number of the first subset and the second subset may be different.

[0118] In some further examples, the first allocation period set includes one first allocation period or at least two consecutive first allocation periods; and / or, the second allocation period set includes one second allocation period or at least two consecutive second allocation periods. That is, within the same target period, all first allocation periods in the first allocation period set are set consecutively, and / or all second allocation periods in the second allocation period set are set consecutively. This can be applied to situations where the number of one type of ONT is far greater than that of another type, such as in the early or late stages of different types coexisting in a PON system, thus ensuring the bandwidth requirements of a large number of terminal types in the existing network.

[0119] For example, in Figure 5 In part (c), the first allocation cycle set includes seven temporally consecutive first allocation cycles, and the second allocation cycle set includes one second allocation cycle.

[0120] In practical applications, besides granting bandwidth to each ONT, the OLT also engages in windowing. Windowing refers to not granting bandwidth in one or more time slots, but instead using them to receive registration requests from ONTs waiting to come online, or for network maintenance, such as reflection detection. In this embodiment, such time slots are referred to as windowed time slots, and the allocation period in which the windowed time slots occur is referred to as the windowing period.

[0121] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between another set of first allocation periods and a set of second allocation periods provided in an embodiment of this application. The following refers to... Figure 6 The method for setting the window opening cycle is explained in detail.

[0122] In one possible implementation, at least one first allocation period in the first allocation period set is a windowing period. For example, such as Figure 6 As shown in part (a), the first allocation period set comprises two first subsets, and the second allocation period set comprises two second subsets. The two first subsets and two second subsets are arranged alternately. Each first subset comprises three temporally consecutive first allocation periods, and each second subset comprises one second allocation period. The three first allocation periods in the second first subset are windowing periods.

[0123] In another possible implementation, at least one of the second allocation periods in the second allocation period set is a windowing period. For example, such as Figure 6 As shown in part (b), the first allocation period set comprises two first subsets, and the second allocation period set comprises two second subsets. The two first subsets and two second subsets are arranged alternately. Each first subset comprises three temporally consecutive first allocation periods, and each second subset comprises one second allocation period. Among them, one first allocation period in the second second subset is a windowing period.

[0124] In another possible implementation, at least one first allocation period in the first allocation period set is a windowing period, and at least one second allocation period in the second allocation period set is a windowing period. That is, within the same target period, there exists both a windowing period corresponding to the first ONT and a windowing period corresponding to the second ONT.

[0125] Setting the windowing period corresponding to the first ONT within the first allocation period can prevent the windowing period of the first ONT from affecting the normal service communication of the second ONT. Similarly, setting the windowing period corresponding to the second ONT within the second allocation period can prevent the windowing period of the second ONT from affecting the normal service communication of the first ONT. In other words, by setting the windowing period within the allocation period corresponding to the MAC protocol used by the ONT, the normal service communication of ONTs using other MAC protocols can be avoided.

[0126] In all three embodiments described above, the windowing period is set within the target period. However, in another possible embodiment, the windowing period can be set outside the target period. In this case, the method may further include: defining an allocation period following the target period, or at least two consecutive allocation periods, as the windowing period. For example, as... Figure 6 As shown in section (c), an allocation period following the target period is defined as the windowing period. This windowing period can be the windowing period of the first ONT or the windowing period of the second ONT, or it can include the windowing periods of the first ONT and the second ONT that are time-contiguous.

[0127] This allows for configuring the windowing cycle after one or more target cycles as needed, making the configuration of the windowing cycle more flexible.

[0128] For example, in S401, the first allocation period set and the second allocation period set can be determined in the target period based on the bandwidth requirement information of the ONTs in the first terminal set and the bandwidth requirement information of the ONTs in the second terminal set.

[0129] When the first terminal set only includes the first ONT, that is, based on the bandwidth requirement information of the first ONT and the bandwidth requirement information of the second ONT, the first allocation period set and the second allocation period set are determined in the target period.

[0130] When the first terminal set includes a first ONT and a third ONT, the first allocation period set and the second allocation period set can be determined in the target period based on the bandwidth requirement information of the first ONT and the third ONT in the first terminal set and the bandwidth requirement information of the second ONT in the second terminal set.

[0131] Here, the bandwidth requirement information for ONTs in the first terminal set includes, but is not limited to, the number of all ONTs in the first terminal set and the service information of the services offered by each OTN. The bandwidth requirement information for ONTs in the second terminal set includes, but is not limited to, the number of all ONTs in the second terminal set and the service information of the services offered by each OTN. The service information includes, but is not limited to, the service type and the corresponding latency requirements.

[0132] Determining the first allocation period set and the second allocation period set in the target period includes at least determining the proportion of the first allocation period contained in the first allocation period set in the target period and the proportion of the second allocation period contained in the second allocation period set in the target period.

[0133] In this embodiment, the more ONTs in the first terminal set, the greater the bandwidth requirement corresponding to the service activated by each ONT, and the greater the proportion of the first allocation period included in the first allocation period set in the target period. Similarly, the more second ONTs in the second terminal set, the greater the bandwidth requirement corresponding to the service activated by each second ONT, and the greater the proportion of the second allocation period included in the second allocation period set in the target period.

[0134] In some examples, bandwidth requirement-related information includes the number of ONTs in the first terminal set and the number of ONTs in the second terminal set. The OLT determines the proportion of the first allocation period and the second allocation period in the target period as follows: the proportion of the first allocation period in the target period is equal to a first ratio of the number of ONTs in the first terminal set to the sum of the number of ONTs in the first terminal set and the number of ONTs in the second terminal set; similarly, the proportion of the second allocation period in the target period is equal to a second ratio of the number of ONTs in the second terminal set to the sum of the number of ONTs in the first terminal set and the number of ONTs in the second terminal set.

[0135] In other examples, bandwidth requirement-related information includes the service types enabled by each ONT in the first terminal set and the service types enabled by each ONT in the second terminal set. The OLT determines the proportion of the first allocation period and the second allocation period using the following method:

[0136] First, the OLT determines the bandwidth corresponding to the service type of each ONT based on the mapping relationship between service type and bandwidth, which serves as the bandwidth requirement for each ONT. Then, the ONT calculates the sum of the bandwidth requirements of all ONTs in the first terminal set and the sum of the bandwidth requirements of all ONTs in the second terminal set. The third ratio of the sum of the bandwidth requirements of all ONTs in the first terminal set to the sum of the bandwidth requirements of all ONTs in the first and second terminal sets is determined as the proportion of the first allocation period in the target period. The fourth ratio of the sum of the bandwidth requirements of all ONTs in the second terminal set to the sum of the bandwidth requirements of all ONTs in the first and second terminal sets is determined as the proportion of the second allocation period in the target period.

[0137] In some other examples, bandwidth demand information includes the number of ONTs in the first terminal set, the number of ONTs in the second terminal set, the types of services activated by the ONTs in the first terminal set, and the types of services activated by the ONTs in the second terminal set. The OLT determines the proportion of the first allocation period and the second allocation period using the following method: A first ratio of the number of ONTs in the first terminal set to the sum of the number of ONTs in the first and second terminal sets, and a second ratio of the sum of the bandwidth demands of all ONTs in the first terminal set to the sum of the bandwidth demands of all ONTs in the first and second terminal sets, are multiplied by their respective weights and then summed to obtain the proportion of the first allocation period in the target period. A third ratio of the number of ONTs in the second terminal set to the sum of the number of ONTs in the first and second terminal sets, and a fourth ratio of the sum of the bandwidth demands of all ONTs in the second terminal set to the sum of the bandwidth demands of all ONTs in the first and second terminal sets, are multiplied by their respective weights and then summed to obtain the proportion of the second allocation period in the target period. The sum of the weights corresponding to the first ratio and the second ratio is equal to 1; the sum of the weights corresponding to the third ratio and the fourth ratio is equal to 1.

[0138] The weights corresponding to the first ratio, the second ratio, the third ratio, and the fourth ratio can be set as needed, for example, all of which can be 0.5.

[0139] For example, when bandwidth demand-related information includes service information of services activated by the ONT, the service information may be reported by the ONT to the OLT when activating the service, or it may be obtained by the OLT from a database that stores user information, including user identifier, ONT identifier, and service information, etc.

[0140] Optionally, in addition to determining the proportion of the first allocation period and the second allocation period, determining the first allocation period set and the second allocation period set in the target period may further include: determining the distribution pattern of the first allocation period and the second allocation period based on the latency sensitivity of the ONTs in the first terminal set and the latency sensitivity of the ONTs in the second terminal set, wherein the distribution pattern is used to indicate the number of consecutive first allocation periods and the number of consecutive second allocation periods.

[0141] The higher the latency sensitivity of the ONT in the first terminal set, the fewer consecutive first allocation periods there are. The lower the latency sensitivity of the ONT in the first terminal set, the more consecutive first allocation periods there are. The higher the latency sensitivity of the ONT in the second terminal set, the fewer consecutive second allocation periods there are. The lower the latency sensitivity of the ONT in the second terminal set, the more consecutive second allocation periods there are.

[0142] For example, latency sensitivity can be represented by the maximum latency that the ONT can tolerate. The higher the maximum latency that the ONT can tolerate, the higher the latency sensitivity. Latency sensitivity can also be reported by the ONT to the OLT or obtained by the OLT from the database.

[0143] S402: Allocate the time slots in the first allocation cycle to the first ONT in the first terminal set according to the MAC protocol of the first ONT.

[0144] For information about First ONT, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 The relevant details will not be elaborated upon here.

[0145] In some examples, the OLT receives first bandwidth requests from each first ONT, and the OLT generates first authorized bandwidth information based on the received first bandwidth requests. This first authorized bandwidth information is used to indicate the time slots in the first allocation period.

[0146] S402 can be executed by the aforementioned first MAC module. This application embodiment does not limit the dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) algorithm used by the first MAC module to generate the authorization information; any DBA algorithm from related technologies can be used.

[0147] S403: Allocate the time slots in the second allocation cycle to the second ONT in the second terminal set according to the MAC protocol of the second ONT.

[0148] For information regarding the second ONT, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 The relevant details will not be elaborated upon here.

[0149] In some examples, the OLT receives second bandwidth requests from various second ONTs, and generates second authorized bandwidth information based on the received second bandwidth requests. This second authorized bandwidth information is used to indicate time slots in the second allocation period.

[0150] S403 can be executed by the aforementioned second MAC module. This application embodiment does not limit the DBA algorithm used by the second MAC module to generate the authorization information; any DBA algorithm from related technologies can be used.

[0151] It should be noted that the execution order of S402 and S403 is not limited in this application embodiment. S402 can be executed first and then S403; or S402 can be executed first and then S403; or S402 and S403 can be executed simultaneously.

[0152] In this embodiment, the length of each allocation cycle can be N times 125 μs. Here, N is a positive integer, and its value range can be 1-32, such as 1, 2, 3, 8, 16, or 32, etc.

[0153] In the embodiments of this application, the MAC protocol used by the first ONT and the MAC protocol used by the second ONT may belong to different standard systems. Here, the standard system includes, but is not limited to, the IEEE standard system and the ITU-T standard system.

[0154] In some examples, when the MAC protocol used by the first ONT and the MAC protocol used by the second ONT belong to different standard systems, the first ONT and the second ONT will use different message encapsulation methods. For example, when the MAC protocol used by the first ONT belongs to the IEEE standard system, the first ONT uses Ethernet encapsulation. However, when the MAC protocol used by the second ONT belongs to the ITU-T standard system, the second ONT uses GPON encapsulation mode (G-PON encapsulation mode, GEM).

[0155] The frame structure length varies depending on the message encapsulation method. The frame structure length for Eth encapsulation is not fixed, while the frame structure length for GEM is fixed at 125μs.

[0156] Therefore, when the first or second ONT is a 50G PON ONT, the length of each allocation cycle can be set to an integer multiple of 125μs to support the protocol requirements of 50G PON. Furthermore, this allows for full utilization of uplink bandwidth and improves uplink bandwidth efficiency.

[0157] When neither the first ONT nor the second ONT is a 50G PON ONT, the length of each allocation cycle may not be an integer multiple of 125μs.

[0158] Optionally, the method may further include: adjusting the length of the target period, i.e., adjusting the number of allocation periods contained in the target period and / or the length of the allocation periods.

[0159] This application does not limit the conditions or timing for adjusting the length of the target period. In some examples, the length of the target period can be adjusted when a large change is detected in the ratio of the number of ONTs in the first terminal set to / or the number of ONTs in the second terminal set. For example, a pre-set correspondence between the length of the target period and the sum of the number of ONTs in the first and second terminal sets can be established. In this correspondence, the larger the number of ONTs in the first and second terminal sets, the larger the length of the target period. For example, the length of the target period corresponding to the first interval [a1, b1) is A, and the length of the target period corresponding to the second interval [b1, c1) is B, where B is greater than A.

[0160] In other examples, when an adjustment instruction is received, the length of the target period is adjusted according to the adjustment instruction, which can be input by the user.

[0161] When the first ONT and the second ONT use different MAC protocols, especially when they use different MAC protocols and have different message encapsulation methods, it is difficult to schedule both types of ONTs within the uplink frame period specified by the MAC protocol (e.g., within 125μs corresponding to the message encapsulation method of the second ONT) using a single bandwidth allocation algorithm. In this embodiment, a first allocation period set and a second period set are first determined in the target period. Then, time slots in the first allocation period are allocated to the first ONT according to its MAC protocol, and time slots in the second allocation period are allocated to the second ONT according to its MAC protocol, thus staggering the time slots allocated to the first ONT and the second ONT. That is, when the OLT performs bandwidth allocation, it first performs coarse-grained bandwidth division, so that the first ONT and the second ONT using different MAC protocols send uplink data in different time slots. Even if the uplink wavelengths used by the first ONT and the second ONT for sending uplink data overlap, the uplink data sent by the first ONT and the second ONT will not conflict. Furthermore, allocating bandwidth to the ONT according to the corresponding MAC protocol in the first and second time slot groups simplifies the bandwidth allocation algorithm and improves the efficiency of bandwidth allocation.

[0162] The bandwidth allocation method of this application embodiment can enable the first ONT and the second ONT supporting different MAC protocols to coexist under the same PON port of the OLT optical module, realizing the smooth evolution and upgrade of the low transmission rate PON system and helping to save costs.

[0163] See Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the optical communication method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0164] The optical communication method provided in this application can be applied to a time-division multiplexed PON system, which includes an OLT and at least one ONT. The specific process of the communication method includes the following steps:

[0165] S501, the OLT sends a downlink physical frame to the ONT connected to the PON network, the downlink physical frame including the type of uplink wavelength supported by the PON system.

[0166] In a PON system, the OLT can continuously send downlink data (transmit downlink physical frames) to the ONT in the downlink direction.

[0167] Specifically, a downlink physical frame includes a downlink physical synchronization block and a payload, which can be protected by forward error correction coding (forward error correction coding). The structure of the downlink physical synchronization block can include a physical synchronization sequence, a counter, and an operation control structure. The physical synchronization sequence contains a fixed delimiter pattern. After receiving the physical synchronization sequence, the ONT uses this sequence to align the boundaries of the downlink physical frames. The counter is used to count downlink physical frames; the counter value of the current downlink physical frame is incremented by 1 relative to the previous downlink physical frame. The operation control structure includes a body section and an error correction header field. The value in the error correction header field is used by the ONT to perform error correction on the body section.

[0168] The main body of the operation control structure is populated by the OLT, which may include a PON identification type (PON IDtype, PIT) field and a PON identifier (ID) field. The PIT field is used to identify the ODN architecture, ODN level, and whether the transmission convergence (TC) layer protocol is used, etc. The PON identifier field is used to identify the OLT within a certain scope.

[0169] Specifically, the PON identifier (ID) field can include the management label and wavelength channel identifier provided by the network management system to the OLT. Since 50GPON systems contain Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) PON and Time Division and Wavelength Division Multiplexing (TWDM) PON, the meaning of the aforementioned wavelength channel identifier differs in different types of PON systems.

[0170] Because 50G TDM PON supports various uplink wavelengths (1260-1280nm, 1284nm-1288nm, or 1290-1310nm), the wavelength channel identifier can use three bits (which can be called uplink wavelength indicator bits) to indicate the type of uplink wavelength supported by 50GPON. For example, 100 indicates that the PON system supports uplink wavelengths of 1260-1280nm, 010 indicates that the PON system supports uplink wavelengths of 1284-1288nm, and 001 indicates that the PON system supports uplink wavelengths of 1290-1310nm.

[0171] Additionally, if the OLT is unable to identify and send the correct uplink wavelength indication bit, the aforementioned three bits can be set to 000. After receiving the "000" uplink wavelength indication bit, the ONT in the PON system can ignore this uplink wavelength indication bit during activation, thereby preventing the uplink wavelength indication bit from affecting the ONT's activation process.

[0172] S502, ONT determines whether it supports the uplink wavelength corresponding to the type of uplink wavelength.

[0173] Since the 50GPON system supports multiple uplink wavelengths (wavelengths 1260-1280nm, 1284nm-1288nm or 1290-1310nm), the ONT's own hardware can support one or more different uplink wavelengths.

[0174] The ONT can determine whether the wavelengths it supports match the uplink wavelengths corresponding to the types of uplink wavelengths included in the body of the downlink physical frame. If they match, it determines the uplink wavelengths corresponding to the types of uplink wavelengths it supports. If they do not match, it means that the ONT does not support the wavelength types determined in the PON system, and the ONT stops the current registration (activation) process.

[0175] S503-504. The ONT registers with the OLT, and the OLT responds to the ONT's registration process.

[0176] The registration (activation) process between the ONT and OLT involves multiple message exchanges. For example, the OLT sends a sequence number request message to the ONT, and the ONT returns a sequence number response message. The OLT sends a ranging request message to the ONT, and the ONT returns a ranging response message. The OLT calculates the equalization parameters corresponding to the ONT based on the ranging response message, and then sends a ranging time message to the ONT, which carries the equalization delay of the ONT.

[0177] The uplink messages sent by the ONT during the registration process can be carried by uplink physical frames. The ONT uses the optical signal corresponding to the uplink wavelength to send these uplink physical frames to the OLT.

[0178] The downlink messages sent by the OLT during the registration process can be carried by the payload in the aforementioned downlink physical frames.

[0179] After registration, S505 and ONT use the optical signal corresponding to the uplink wavelength to send uplink user data to the OLT.

[0180] Specifically, after receiving the equalization delay, the ONT calculates the uplink data transmission window based on the equalization delay and the time slot allocated by the OLT. Within the transmission window, it sends an uplink physical frame to the OLT using the optical signal corresponding to the uplink wavelength. This uplink physical frame carries the user data of the ONT.

[0181] The communication method provided in this embodiment can be used in a 50GPON system. Since the OLT can notify the ONT of the uplink wavelength used in the current 50GPON system through the uplink wavelength indication bit in the downlink physical frame, communication conflicts caused by wavelength mismatch between the OLT and the ONT are avoided, thus improving communication efficiency.

[0182] In another embodiment, if the OLT is unable to identify and send the correct uplink wavelength indication bit, the aforementioned three bits (uplink wavelength indication bit) can be set to 000. After receiving the "000" uplink wavelength indication bit, the ONT in the PON system can ignore this uplink wavelength indication bit during activation (for example, by using the ONT's default uplink wavelength to send data to the OLT), thereby avoiding the influence of the uplink wavelength indication bit on the ONT.

[0183] In the communication method provided in this embodiment, the activation process of the ONT may also include:

[0184] The ONT receives PLOAM messages periodically sent by the OLT, performs uplink burst profile parameter learning (e.g., obtaining parameters such as delimiters, compensation time, and power levels), then receives SN sequence number grant messages sent by the OLT, and sends sequence number response messages to the OLT to report its own sequence number.

[0185] After receiving the sequence number reported by the ONT, if the OLT agrees to the ONT coming online, it assigns an ONT identifier (ID) to the ONT and then sends the assigned ONTID to the ONT via a PLOAM message. Subsequently, the OLT begins sending ranging request messages to the ONT, and the ONT returns a ranging response message. Based on the ranging response message sent by the ONT, the OLT calculates the ONT's equalization delay and sends it to the ONT. At this point, the ONT can begin sending uplink data frames to the OLT.

[0186] Figure 8This is a block diagram of a bandwidth allocation device provided in an embodiment of this application. This bandwidth allocation device can be implemented through software, hardware, or a combination of both, and can be all or part of an optical communication device (e.g., an OLT). Figure 7 As shown, the bandwidth allocation device includes a first allocation unit 701, a second allocation unit 702, and a third allocation unit 703.

[0187] The first allocation unit 701 is used to determine a first allocation cycle set and a second allocation cycle set in the target cycle. The target cycle includes M allocation cycles, where M is greater than 1 and M is an integer. The first allocation cycle set includes X first allocation cycles from the M allocation cycles. The second allocation cycle set includes Y second allocation cycles from the M allocation cycles. X and Y are both positive integers, and the sum of X and Y is less than or equal to M.

[0188] The second allocation unit is used to allocate time slots in the first allocation cycle to the first ONT in the first terminal set according to the MAC protocol of the first ONT.

[0189] The third allocation unit is used to allocate time slots in the second allocation cycle to the second ONT in the second terminal set according to the MAC protocol of the second ONT.

[0190] Optionally, the first terminal set further includes at least one third ONT, wherein the first ONT is an EPON ONT, the third ONT is a 10G EPON ONT, and the second ONT is a 50G PON ONT or a 25GS PON ONT. The first allocation 701701 is used to allocate time slots in the first allocation period to the first ONT and the third ONT in the first terminal set according to the MAC protocol of the first ONT and the MAC protocol of the third ONT.

[0191] Optionally, the first allocation unit 701 is further configured to determine an allocation period following the target period or at least two consecutive allocation periods as the windowing period.

[0192] Optionally, the first allocation unit 701 is used to determine a first allocation period set and a second allocation period set in the target period based on the bandwidth requirement information of the first ONT in the first terminal set and the bandwidth requirement information of the second ONT in the second terminal set.

[0193] It should be noted that the bandwidth allocation device provided in the above embodiments is only illustrated by the division of the above functional units when transmitting data. In practical applications, the above functional allocation can be completed by different functional units as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the bandwidth allocation device and the bandwidth allocation method embodiments provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process can be found in the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0194] The descriptions of the processes corresponding to the above-mentioned figures each have their own emphasis. For parts of a process that are not described in detail, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other processes.

[0195] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 800 provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 9 As shown, the electronic device 800 includes at least one processor 801, a memory 802, and at least one network interface 803.

[0196] Processor 801 is, for example, a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a neural-network processing unit (NPU), a data processing unit (DPU), a microprocessor, or one or more integrated circuits for implementing the embodiments of this application. For example, processor 801 includes application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), or combinations thereof. A PLD is, for example, a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), generic array logic (GAL), or any combination thereof.

[0197] Memory 802 may be, for example, read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices capable of storing static information and instructions; random access memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices capable of storing information and instructions; electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM); compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.); magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices; or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but not limited thereto. Optionally, memory 802 exists independently and is connected to processor 801 via internal connection 804. Alternatively, memory 802 and processor 801 may be integrated together.

[0198] Network interface 803 uses any transceiver-like device for communicating with other devices or communication networks. Network interface 803 includes, for example, at least one of a wired network interface or a wireless network interface. The wired network interface is, for example, an Ethernet interface. The Ethernet interface is, for example, an optical interface, an electrical interface, or a combination thereof. The wireless network interface is, for example, a wireless local area network (WLAN) interface, a cellular network interface, or a combination thereof.

[0199] In some embodiments, processor 801 includes one or more CPUs, such as Figure 8 CPU0 and CPU1 are shown in the diagram.

[0200] In some embodiments, the electronic device 800 may optionally include multiple processors, such as Figure 8 The processors 801 and 805 shown are illustrated. Each of these processors is, for example, a single-core processor (CPU) or a multi-core processor (CPU). A processor here may optionally refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores used to process data (such as computer program instructions).

[0201] In some embodiments, the electronic device 800 further includes an internal connection 804. The processor 801, memory 802, and at least one network interface 803 are connected via the internal connection 804. The internal connection 804 includes pathways for transmitting information between the aforementioned components. Optionally, the internal connection 804 is a single board or a bus. Optionally, the internal connection 804 may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc.

[0202] In some embodiments, the electronic device 800 further includes an input / output interface 806. The input / output interface 806 is connected to an internal connection 804.

[0203] In some embodiments, the input / output interface 806 is used to connect to an input device to receive commands or data, such as the length of a target period, input by a user through the input device, as described in the above method embodiments. Input devices include, but are not limited to, keyboards, touchscreens, microphones, mice, or sensing devices.

[0204] In some embodiments, the input / output interface 806 is also used to connect to an output device. The input / output interface 806 outputs intermediate and / or final results generated by the processor 801 executing the above method embodiments through the output device, such as the length of the first allocation cycle, the length of the second allocation cycle, and the relationship between the first and second allocation cycles. Output devices include, but are not limited to, displays, printers, projectors, etc.

[0205] Optionally, the processor 801 implements the method in the above embodiments by reading the program code 810 stored in the memory 802, or the processor 801 implements the method in the above embodiments by internally stored program code. When the processor 801 implements the method in the above embodiments by reading the program code 810 stored in the memory 802, the memory 802 stores program code that implements the method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0206] For more details on how processor 801 implements the above functions, please refer to the descriptions in the previous method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0207] In some embodiments, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, which stores computer instructions. When the computer instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium are executed by an electronic device, the optical communication device performs the bandwidth allocation method provided in the above-described method embodiments.

[0208] In some embodiments, a computer program product is also provided, the computer program product including one or more computer program instructions, which, when loaded and run by a computer, cause the computer to perform the bandwidth allocation method provided in the above method embodiments.

[0209] In some embodiments, a chip is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store computer instructions, and the processor is used to call and execute the computer instructions from the memory to perform the bandwidth allocation method provided in the above method embodiments.

[0210] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” and similar terms used in this patent application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an” or “a” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms “comprising” or “including” and similar terms mean that the element or object preceding “comprising” or “including” encompasses the element or object listed following “comprising” or “including” and its equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. A and / or B indicates the presence of three possibilities: A; B; and A and B.

[0211] The above is merely one embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to a time-division multiplexing (TDM) passive optical network (PON) system, the TDM PON system comprising an optical line terminal (OLT) and at least one first optical network terminal (ONT), the method includes: The first ONT receives a downlink physical frame sent by the OLT. The downlink physical frame includes a downlink physical synchronization block, and the downlink physical synchronization block includes an operation control structure. The PON identifier field in the main body of the operation control structure includes the type of uplink wavelength supported by the TDM PON system. The three bits in the wavelength channel identifier of the PON identifier field indicate that the PON system supports uplink wavelengths of 1260-1280nm, 1284-1288nm, or 1290-1310nm. When the value of the three bits is 000, it indicates that the OLT is not capable of recognizing and sending the correct uplink wavelength indication bit. The first ONT determines whether it supports the uplink wavelength corresponding to the type of the uplink wavelength; If the first ONT supports the uplink wavelength corresponding to the type of the uplink wavelength, then the uplink physical frame is sent to the OLT using the uplink wavelength. If the first ONT does not support the uplink wavelength corresponding to the type of the uplink wavelength, then the registration process is stopped.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first ONT determines whether it supports the uplink wavelength type corresponding to the following uplink wavelengths: The first ONT determines whether the type of uplink wavelength included in the operation control unit matches the wavelength type it supports.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first ONT uses the uplink wavelength to send an uplink physical frame to the OLT, including: The first ONT registers with the OLT; After registration is completed, the first ONT uses the optical signal corresponding to the uplink wavelength to send the uplink physical frame to the OLT, and the uplink physical frame carries the user data of the first ONT.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The TDM PON system is a 50G time-division multiplexing TDMPON system.

5. A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to a time-division multiplexing (TDM) passive optical network (PON) system, the TDM PON system comprising an optical line terminal (OLT) and at least one first optical network terminal (ONT), the method includes: The OLT broadcasts a downlink physical frame to the first ONT. The downlink physical frame includes a downlink physical synchronization block, which includes an operation control structure. The PON identifier field in the main body of the operation control structure includes the type of uplink wavelength supported by the PON system. The three bits in the wavelength channel identifier of the PON identifier field indicate that the TDM PON system supports uplink wavelengths of 1260-1280nm, 1284-1288nm, or 1290-1310nm. When the value of the three bits is 000, it indicates that the OLT is not capable of recognizing and sending the correct uplink wavelength indication bit. The uplink wavelength type is used to trigger the first ONT to send an uplink physical frame to the OLT using the uplink wavelength when the first ONT supports the uplink wavelength type. The uplink wavelength type is also used to trigger the first ONT to stop the registration process when the first ONT does not support the uplink wavelength type. The OLT receives the uplink physical frame sent by the first ONT on the uplink wavelength corresponding to the type of the uplink wavelength.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Before the OLT receives the uplink data transmitted by the ONT on the uplink wavelength corresponding to the type of uplink wavelength, the method further includes: The OLT receives the ranging response message sent by the ONT on the uplink wavelength corresponding to the type of the uplink wavelength; The OLT sends a downlink physical frame to the first ONT according to the ranging response message, and the downlink physical frame carries equalization delay.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The TDM PON system is a 50G time-division multiplexing TDMPON system.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a processor and a memory for storing software programs, and the processor enables the electronic device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 by running or executing the software programs stored in the memory.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium is used to store program code executed by a processor, the program code including instructions for implementing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A passive optical network system, characterized in that, The device includes an optical line terminal (OLT) and multiple optical network terminals (ONTs), wherein the OLT and the multiple ONTs are connected by optical fiber. The multiple ONTs include a first terminal set, which includes multiple first optical network terminals (ONTs). The multiple first optical network terminals (ONTs) use the same media access control protocol. At least one of the first ONTs is configured to use the method described in any one of claims 1-4, or the OLT is configured to use the method described in any one of claims 5-7.

11. The passive optical network system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The plurality of ONTs includes a second terminal set and a third terminal set, wherein the second terminal set includes a plurality of second optical network terminal ONTs and the third terminal set includes a plurality of third optical network terminal ONTs; The first ONT uses a 50GPON media access control protocol, the second ONT uses a 10GPON media access control protocol, and the third ONT uses a GPON, EPON, 200 GPON, or 100GPON media access control protocol. The first ONT sends an uplink physical frame to the OLT using an optical signal with a wavelength of 1284-1288nm, the second ONT sends an uplink physical frame to the OLT using an optical signal with a wavelength of 1260-1280nm, and the third ONT sends an uplink physical frame to the OLT using an optical signal with a wavelength of 1290-1330nm.

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