A treatment system that utilizes oral stem cells to promote dental pulp repair

Abstract

This invention provides a treatment system for promoting dental pulp repair using oral stem cells, belonging to the field of oral treatment technology. The system utilizes a dynamic gene regulation module, an adaptive intelligent scaffold, and a bio-digital fusion interface in synergy. Through the dynamic gene regulation module and the adaptive intelligent scaffold, the efficiency and therapeutic effect of dental pulp regeneration are significantly improved. The dynamic gene regulation module employs a light-controlled CRISPR system to perform real-time gene editing on dental pulp stem cells, dynamically adjusting according to the needs of the regeneration stage. The adaptive intelligent scaffold, based on 3D printing technology and manufactured using a digital model of the patient's teeth, can dynamically release growth factors and optimize the microenvironment. This combination of personalized design and dynamic regulation allows for adaptive adjustments to meet the specific needs of the patient, not only improving the repair efficiency of dental pulp tissue but also enhancing the success rate of functional reconstruction. This provides patients with dental pulp injury with a more efficient and precise treatment option, promoting the personalized development of oral regenerative medicine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oral treatment technology, specifically to a treatment system that utilizes oral stem cells to promote pulp repair. Background Technology

[0002] According to Chinese Patent Publication No. CN110236958B, a material and its preparation method for promoting the repair of missing tooth tissue are disclosed. The material is a gel comprising the following components: 0.2-0.5g calcium chloride, 0.2-0.8g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.04-0.1g polyacrylic acid, 0.01-0.05g enamel matrix protein, 0.1-1.0g sodium β-phosphoglycerate, and 1000g distilled water. The preparation method is simple, low-cost, and requires minimal equipment. When the material is filled into missing tooth sites, it promotes tooth tissue repair. The main component of the repair layer is hydroxyapatite crystals, which are essentially the same as the composition of tooth enamel, eliminating the interface between the filling material and the natural tooth. After filling a 1mm deep tooth cavity with the material, the repair layer thickness can reach up to 0.63mm after 7 days.

[0003] The aforementioned patent documents and prior art have the following technical problems when used:

[0004] Problem 1: Traditional endodontic treatments, such as root canal treatment, mainly rely on filling materials, which cannot effectively promote the regeneration of dental pulp tissue, resulting in low restoration efficiency. Treatment plans are usually standardized and fail to be adapted to individual patient differences, such as pulp cavity morphology and genetic characteristics, thus limiting the improvement of treatment results.

[0005] Problem 2: Traditional endodontic treatment cannot monitor and regulate the microenvironment within the pulp cavity, such as pH and oxygen concentration, in real time. This can lead to problems such as microenvironmental imbalance, aggravated inflammation, or regeneration failure during treatment, making it difficult to guarantee safety and resulting in unstable treatment outcomes. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Technical problems to be solved

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a treatment system that utilizes oral stem cells to promote pulp repair, solving the following problems:

[0008] 1. Addressing the issues of low regeneration efficiency and lack of personalized adaptation in traditional endodontic treatment;

[0009] 2. Addressing the issues of lack of real-time microenvironment control and safety assurance in traditional endodontic treatment.

[0010] Technical solution

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a treatment system for promoting dental pulp repair using oral stem cells. This treatment system utilizes a dynamic gene regulation module, an adaptive intelligent scaffold, and a bio-digital fusion interface in synergistic action. Through closed-loop synergistic action of data flow and regulatory signals, the dynamic gene regulation module, adaptive intelligent scaffold, and bio-digital fusion interface achieve dynamic optimization of dental pulp stem cells in gene expression, microenvironment adaptation, and regeneration processes, thereby promoting the repair and functional reconstruction of dental pulp tissue. The treatment system includes the following steps:

[0012] Sp1: Through a dynamic gene regulation module, the optically controlled CRISPR system is used to dynamically edit the genes of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), regulating the expression of genes such as BMP-2, VEGF, RUNX2, and HIF-1α. In this process, nanofibers transmit light signals of specific wavelengths to the pulp cavity, activating or inhibiting target genes and promoting osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis of dental pulp stem cells.

[0013] Sp2: Personalized treatment. Through the dynamic gene regulation module of step Sp1, the genome of the patient's dental pulp tissue is sequenced to determine the priority regulation sequence of the target gene in the light-controlled CRISPR system. Combined with CT image data, 3D printing technology is used to manufacture an adaptive smart scaffold that matches the morphology of the dental pulp cavity.

[0014] Sp3: An adaptive intelligent scaffold provides microenvironmental support and regulation for dental pulp stem cells. The adaptive intelligent scaffold is composed of a PLGA-PEG complex, a thermosensitive hydrogel, and a graphene nanosensor. The adaptive scaffold has a porous gradient structure and is internally equipped with microfluidic channels and bioelectric stimulation. The microfluidic channels of the adaptive intelligent scaffold dynamically release growth factors or drugs based on the pH, temperature, and oxygen concentration data in the dental pulp cavity monitored by the graphene nanosensor. The graphene nanosensor applies a weak electrical signal through conductivity, which synergistically stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of dental pulp stem cells.

[0015] Sp4: Real-time optimization of the pulp regeneration process through a bio-digital fusion interface, which includes an external wearable monitor and an AI-based pulp regeneration management platform. The wearable monitor collects pulp cavity microenvironment data and transmits it wirelessly to the AI-based pulp regeneration management platform. The AI-based pulp regeneration management platform analyzes the data and adjusts the optical signal parameters of the light-controlled CRISPR system and the drug release and electrical stimulation strategies of the adaptive smart scaffold.

[0016] Preferably, the light-controlled CRISPR system includes a Cas9 vector fused with a photosensitive protein and a blue light signal source with a wavelength of 450-470 nm. The photosensitive protein and the Cas9 protein are coupled through light signals to spatiotemporally specific regulate the BMP-2 and VEGF genes, matching the needs of different stages of pulp regeneration.

[0017] Preferably, the thermosensitive hydrogel of the adaptive smart scaffold releases VEGF and TGF-β growth factors at a body temperature of 36-38°C, and enhances the attachment of dental pulp stem cells through functionalized RGD motifs, with the release rate adjusted according to the pressure of the microfluidic channel.

[0018] Preferably, the graphene nanosensor monitors the levels of inflammatory factors in the dental pulp cavity in real time, including IL-6 and TNF-α, and feeds the data back to the bio-digital fusion interface, which dynamically adjusts the release dose of anti-inflammatory drugs based on the parameters.

[0019] Preferably, the microfluidic channel is designed to mimic the natural dental pulp vascular network, with a channel diameter of 50-200 μm, for transporting oxygen and nutrients, while simultaneously removing metabolic waste at a flow rate of 0.1-1 mL / min via a micropump.

[0020] Preferably, the electrical signal intensity of the bioelectric stimulation is 10-100 μA and the frequency is 1-10 Hz. It is applied through the conductivity of graphene to stimulate dental pulp stem cells to differentiate into osteoblasts and endothelial cells, and the signal parameters are dynamically optimized by an AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform according to the regeneration process.

[0021] Preferably, the external wearable monitor adopts a brace-style design, integrates flexible sensors, connects to an adaptive smart bracket via Bluetooth 5.0, collects microenvironment data 10 times per second, and transmits it to an AI-based pulp regeneration management platform.

[0022] Preferably, the AI-based pulp regeneration management platform uses deep learning algorithms to analyze microenvironment data, predicts the 7-14 day trend of pulp regeneration, and provides parameter adjustment suggestions to doctors through a mobile application.

[0023] Preferably, the adaptive smart scaffold has adaptive deformation capability. Through the thermoplasticity of the PLGA-PEG composite, it can finely adjust its shape according to the pressure inside the pulp cavity after implantation, with a deformation range of 5-15%, to ensure close contact with the pulp tissue.

[0024] Preferably, the hardware components of the treatment system include:

[0025] The three-dimensional scaffold is made of polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer (PLLA) and collagen composite material. The three-dimensional scaffold has a gradient pore structure with a pore size ranging from 20 to 250 μm to support the migration and angiogenesis of dental pulp cells. The three-dimensional scaffold is manufactured by digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing technology to achieve personalized adaptation based on the digital model of the patient's teeth.

[0026] A multilayer drug delivery module for embedding in a three-dimensional scaffold, comprising BMP-2 and FGF-2 encapsulated in nanoparticles, wherein the multilayer drug delivery module gradually releases drugs within the pulp cavity at a pH of 6.5-7.5, with a release cycle of 7-21 days;

[0027] A flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator, integrated on the surface of a scaffold, converts the mechanical energy generated by chewing motion into an electrical signal of 1-50 μV to promote the proliferation of dental pulp stem cells.

[0028] A miniature fiber optic sensor array is used to monitor stress distribution and blood flow velocity inside the stent, with a data acquisition frequency of 5 times per minute.

[0029] A handheld external controller, equipped with a near-infrared light source (wavelength range of 800-1000nm), is used to remotely activate the photosensitive hydrogel in the scaffold to release stem cell factors;

[0030] The built-in micro battery module supports continuous operation for 8 hours, with a voltage range of 3.3-5V, providing a stable power supply;

[0031] The vibration feedback unit uses low-frequency vibrations of 10-50Hz to alert the patient to the usage status or abnormalities in the pulp microenvironment.

[0032] The radio frequency module for intelligent support communication operates at a frequency of 2.4 GHz and is used to receive support sensor data and send control commands.

[0033] The handheld external controller, built-in battery module, vibration feedback unit, and smart bracket together form the entire control device. The control device is encapsulated in a waterproof shell that meets the IP67 standard, ensuring durability in daily use.

[0034] Beneficial effects

[0035] This invention provides a treatment system that utilizes oral stem cells to promote dental pulp repair. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. This invention significantly improves the efficiency and therapeutic effect of dental pulp regeneration by employing a dynamic gene regulation module and an adaptive intelligent scaffold. The dynamic gene regulation module uses a light-controlled CRISPR system to perform real-time gene editing on dental pulp stem cells, regulating the expression of key genes such as BMP-2 and VEGF. It dynamically adjusts according to the needs of the regeneration stage, avoiding the shortcomings of traditional static editing and ensuring optimal support for cell differentiation and proliferation. The adaptive intelligent scaffold is based on 3D printing technology and is manufactured using a digital model of the patient's teeth. It has a porous gradient structure, microfluidic channels, and bioelectric stimulation function, which can dynamically release growth factors and optimize the microenvironment. The combination of personalized design and dynamic regulation breaks through the limitations of the "one-size-fits-all" approach in traditional dental pulp treatment. It can make adaptive adjustments to meet the specific needs of patients, which not only improves the repair efficiency of dental pulp tissue but also enhances the success rate of functional reconstruction. It provides more efficient and precise treatment options for patients with dental pulp injury and promotes the personalized development of oral regenerative medicine.

[0037] 2. This invention establishes a closed-loop control system for pulp regeneration through a bio-digital fusion interface, significantly improving the precision and safety of treatment. This interface integrates a wearable monitor and an AI management platform to collect microenvironment data (such as pH and oxygen concentration) in real time. AI analysis predicts the regeneration process and provides feedback to adjust the light signal of the CRISPR light-controlled system, the drug release from the scaffold, and the electrical stimulation parameters. This closed-loop mechanism enables immediate intervention in the treatment process, avoiding regeneration failure or inflammation risks caused by microenvironment fluctuations. The system provides parameter suggestions through a mobile application, enhancing doctor-patient interaction and treatment transparency. This data-driven real-time optimization mode overcomes the shortcomings of insufficient monitoring in traditional pulp treatment, providing a safer and more reliable guarantee for pulp repair. It promotes the advancement of oral regenerative medicine towards intelligence and precision, and has significant breakthrough significance. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the treatment system of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the treatment system of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a hardware structure diagram of the treatment system of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the change of pulp regeneration area over time in a specific embodiment four of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a comparison diagram of blood vessel density in a specific embodiment four of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the change of inflammatory factor levels over time in a specific embodiment four of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a comparison diagram of tooth hardness improvement in a specific embodiment four of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a comparison chart of the pH stability of the microenvironment in a specific embodiment four of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Specific Implementation Example 1:

[0048] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a treatment system utilizing oral stem cells to promote dental pulp repair is presented. The system utilizes a dynamic gene regulation module, an adaptive intelligent scaffold, and a bio-digital fusion interface in synergy. Through closed-loop synergy of data flow and regulatory signals, the dynamic gene regulation module, adaptive intelligent scaffold, and bio-digital fusion interface achieve dynamic optimization of dental pulp stem cells in gene expression, microenvironment adaptation, and regeneration processes, thereby promoting the repair and functional reconstruction of dental pulp tissue. The treatment system comprises four core steps: dynamic gene regulation, personalized treatment, adaptive microenvironment support, and real-time bio-digital optimization, detailed below:

[0049] Sp1: Dynamic Gene Regulation: Utilizing a dynamic gene regulation module and a light-controlled CRISPR system, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) undergo dynamic gene editing to regulate the expression of key genes such as BMP-2, VEGF, RUNX2, and HIF-1α, thereby promoting osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis in DPSCs and laying the cellular functional foundation for subsequent regeneration. The light-controlled CRISPR system includes a Cas9 vector fused with photosensitive proteins and a blue light source with a wavelength of 450-470 nm. The photosensitive protein and Cas9 protein couple via light signals to achieve spatiotemporal specific regulation of genes such as BMP-2 and VEGF, matching the needs of different stages of dental pulp regeneration (e.g., early hematogenous vascularization). (BMP-2 promotes osteogenic differentiation, VEGF induces angiogenesis, RUNX2 enhances dentin mineralization, and HIF-1α improves cell survival in hypoxic environments. Nanofibers, as optical signal transmission tools, precisely transmit blue light to the pulp cavity to activate or inhibit the expression of target genes, ensuring the locality and efficiency of regulation. Compared with traditional static gene editing, the dynamic nature of light-controlled CRISPR allows for real-time adjustment of gene expression according to the regeneration process, avoiding over- or under-regulation, thereby providing optimal differentiation and proliferation support for dental pulp stem cells. Through precise intervention at the gene level, it creates conditions for subsequent microenvironment support and tissue regeneration.

[0050] Sp2: Personalized treatment further optimizes upon dynamic gene regulation, tailoring treatment plans to each patient using genome sequencing and 3D printing technology to ensure precise matching between the system and individual dental pulp tissue. First, the dynamic gene regulation module performs genome sequencing on the patient's dental pulp tissue to identify specific gene mutations and determine the priority regulatory sequences of target genes (such as BMP-2 and VEGF) in the light-controlled CRISPR system, thereby optimizing gene editing strategies and improving treatment efficacy. For example, if a patient has insufficient VEGF expression, the system will prioritize enhancing its regulation. Subsequently, combined with CT imaging data, 3D printing technology is used to manufacture an adaptive intelligent scaffold that perfectly matches the morphology of the patient's dental pulp cavity. The personalized design of the adaptive intelligent scaffold not only ensures precise fit to the dental pulp cavity, reducing surgical complexity during implantation, but also provides a physical basis for subsequent microenvironment support. The entire process combines gene regulation with a physical scaffold, using patient-specific data to drive the design of treatment plans, enabling the system to adaptively adjust to the degree of dental pulp damage and tissue characteristics of different patients. This personalized preliminary preparation lays the foundation for the efficient implementation of subsequent steps, ensuring the targeted nature and success rate of the treatment.

[0051] Sp3: Adaptive Microenvironment Support: Providing dynamic microenvironment support and regulation for dental pulp stem cells through an adaptive intelligent scaffold is the core component of the system's tissue regeneration. The adaptive intelligent scaffold, composed of a PLGA-PEG complex, thermosensitive hydrogel, and graphene nanosensors, possesses a porous gradient structure, microfluidic channels, and bioelectric stimulation capabilities. It can mimic the hierarchical structure of natural dental pulp tissue and dynamically adapt to regeneration needs. The porous gradient structure of the adaptive intelligent scaffold facilitates cell migration and tissue regeneration. The internal microfluidic channels mimic the natural dental pulp vascular network (channel diameter 50-200 μm), delivering oxygen and nutrients at a flow rate of 0.1-1 mL / min via micropumps, while simultaneously removing metabolic waste, ensuring the basic conditions required for cell survival. The thermosensitive hydrogel releases VEGF and TGF-β growth factors at body temperature (36-38℃) and enhances the attachment of dental pulp stem cells through functionalized RGD motifs. The release rate is determined by the pressure of the microfluidic channels. Dynamic adjustment to adapt to the needs of different regeneration stages; graphene nanosensors monitor the pH, temperature, oxygen concentration, and inflammatory factor (such as IL-6 and TNF-α) levels in the pulp cavity in real time, feeding the data back to the bio-digital fusion interface for subsequent optimization and adjustment. In addition, the conductivity of graphene supports bioelectric stimulation function, applying weak electrical signals of 10-100μA and 1-10Hz to stimulate the differentiation of dental pulp stem cells into osteoblasts and endothelial cells. The electrical signal parameters are dynamically optimized by the AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform according to the regeneration process. The adaptive smart scaffold also has adaptive deformation capability. Through the thermoplasticity of the PLGA-PEG composite, the shape is finely adjusted according to the pressure in the pulp cavity after implantation (deformation range 5-15%) to ensure close fit with the tissue. Through the synergistic effect of microenvironment regulation, growth factor release, electrical stimulation, and dynamic adaptation, the optimal conditions for proliferation, differentiation, and tissue integration of dental pulp stem cells are provided, promoting the efficient progress of the regeneration process.

[0052] SP4: Real-time Bio-Digital Optimization: This system utilizes a bio-digital fusion interface to achieve real-time monitoring and optimization of the pulp regeneration process, forming a closed-loop control mechanism to ensure continuous improvement in treatment outcomes. The bio-digital fusion interface includes a wearable monitor in a brace-like design and an AI-based pulp regeneration management platform. The wearable monitor, with its brace-like design and integrated flexible sensors, connects to an adaptive smart bracket via Bluetooth 5.0. It collects pulp cavity microenvironment data (such as pH, oxygen concentration, and inflammatory factor levels) 10 times per second and transmits it to the AI-based pulp regeneration management platform. The AI-based platform uses deep learning algorithms to analyze this data, predict the 7-14 day trend of the pulp regeneration process, and adjusts the light intensity based on the analysis results. The system controls the light signal parameters of the CRISPR system, the drug release (such as the dosage of anti-inflammatory drugs) of the adaptive smart scaffold, and the electrical stimulation strategy. For example, if the sensor detects an increase in the inflammatory factor IL-6, the AI-based pulp regeneration management platform will instruct the scaffold to increase the release of anti-inflammatory drugs and adjust the electrical stimulation frequency to relieve inflammation. This optimization process provides doctors with parameter adjustment suggestions through a mobile application, enabling doctors to participate in treatment management remotely, improving treatment transparency and patient compliance. Through a closed-loop cycle of data collection, AI analysis, and control instructions, the system combines microenvironment monitoring with gene regulation and dynamic scaffold function to ensure that dental pulp stem cells are always in the best condition at different regeneration stages, thereby achieving rapid repair and functional reconstruction of dental pulp tissue.

[0053] System Synergy and Workflow: The dynamic gene regulation module, adaptive intelligent scaffold, and bio-digital fusion interface work synergistically through closed-loop data flow and regulatory signals, forming the core advantages of the system. The workflow is as follows: First, the dynamic gene regulation module sets a personalized gene expression protocol for dental pulp stem cells using a light-controlled CRISPR system and genome sequencing. Next, the adaptive intelligent scaffold is implanted into the pulp cavity using 3D printing technology, providing dynamic microenvironment support through microfluidics, growth factor release, and electrical stimulation. Simultaneously, the bio-digital fusion interface collects microenvironment data in real time, analyzes it using AI, and feeds it back to the gene regulation module and scaffold to adjust light signals, drug release, and electrical stimulation parameters. The AI-based pulp regeneration management platform optimizes the light signals of the light-controlled CRISPR based on sensor data to regulate gene expression. The adaptive intelligent scaffold releases drugs or adjusts electrical stimulation according to changes in the microenvironment to maintain optimal regeneration conditions. The combination of personalized design and real-time optimization ensures the high efficiency and adaptability of the treatment. The entire process is data-driven, forming a complete closed loop from gene regulation to microenvironment support to real-time optimization, ultimately achieving dynamic optimization of dental pulp stem cells in gene expression, microenvironment adaptation, and regeneration.

[0054] This treatment system achieves efficient, precise, and personalized pulp repair by organically integrating four steps: dynamic gene regulation, personalized treatment, adaptive microenvironment support, and real-time bio-digital optimization. Dynamic gene regulation ensures on-demand adjustment of cell function, adaptive intelligent scaffold provides optimal microenvironment support, and the bio-digital fusion interface enables real-time optimization of the treatment process. The synergistic effect of these three elements breaks through the limitations of traditional pulp treatment and provides an innovative and efficient solution for patients with pulp injury. Specific Implementation Example 2:

[0056] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, based on the content of the above specific embodiments, the following content is further disclosed:

[0057] Based on the content of the above-described specific embodiment one, the following content is further disclosed:

[0058] The dynamic gene regulation module regulates genes such as BMP-2, VEGF, RUNX2, and HIF-1α to provide multi-level support for key biological needs in the dental pulp regeneration process, ensuring optimal performance of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in osteogenic differentiation, angiogenesis, dentin mineralization, and adaptation to hypoxic environments. The specific reasons are as follows:

[0059] BMP-2 (bone morphogenetic protein-2): responsible for promoting osteogenic differentiation, inducing DPSCs to differentiate into odontoblasts, forming dentin-like structures, and is the core gene for structural repair in dental pulp regeneration.

[0060] VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor): induces angiogenesis, provides blood supply to regenerating dental pulp tissue, ensures nutritional and oxygen support, and is key to functional reconstruction;

[0061] RUNX2 (Runt-related transcription factor 2): Enhances dentin mineralization. As a transcription factor for osteogenic differentiation, it promotes the formation of mineralized dentin and increases tooth hardness.

[0062] HIF-1α (hypoxia-inducible factor 1α): enhances the survival ability of cells in hypoxic environments, adapts to possible hypoxic conditions in the pulp cavity, and ensures cell activity.

[0063] Dynamic gene editing is achieved through a light-controlled CRISPR system. The system includes a Cas9 vector fused with photosensitive proteins and a blue light source with a wavelength of 450-470 nm. Photosensitive proteins (such as photodimers) couple with Cas9 proteins via light signals, activating Cas9's cleavage activity under blue light irradiation. This targets and regulates the promoter regions of these genes, activating or inhibiting their expression. Nanofibers precisely transmit the blue light to the pulp cavity, achieving localized regulation and avoiding systemic effects. Photosensitive proteins (such as CRY2) couple with Cas9 proteins via light signals and are activated using 450-470 nm blue light, achieving spatiotemporally specific regulation of the BMP-2 and VEGF genes. The specific regulatory process is as follows:

[0064] Coupling mechanism: The photosensitive protein CRY2 fuses with Cas9 to form a photocontrolled Cas9 complex. Under blue light irradiation, CRY2 undergoes a conformational change, activating the DNA cleavage or transcriptional regulatory activity of Cas9.

[0065] Regulation methods include activation and inhibition: Table 1 shows the regulation parameters for different stages.

[0066] Activation: Blue light is delivered to the pulp cavity through nanofibers, targeting the BMP-2 and VEGF promoter regions to activate gene expression;

[0067] Inhibition: Adjusting light intensity or duration, combined with repressive sgRNA, can reduce overexpression;

[0068] Spatiotemporal specificity: Nanofibers ensure local transmission of optical signals, and modulation is limited to the pulp chamber; the duration and frequency of illumination determine the timing of modulation.

[0069] Regeneration stage Time range Control targets Gene regulation Lighting parameters Early stage (angiogenesis) 0-2 weeks VEGF Activation (high expression) 470nm, 10min / day Intermediate stage (osteogenic differentiation) 2-6 weeks BMP-2 Activation (continuous expression) 450nm, 5min / day Late stage (mineralization stabilized) 6-12 weeks RUNX2 Fine-tuning (stabilizing expression) 450nm, 2min / day

[0070] Table 1

[0071] Based on the regeneration process, the AI-based pulp regeneration management platform adjusts the illumination parameters according to the microenvironment data to ensure that gene expression matches the needs of each stage.

[0072] In personalized treatment, the priority regulatory sequences of target genes are determined through genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of the patient's dental pulp tissue. The specific process is as follows:

[0073] Genome sequencing: Extract dental pulp tissue samples from patients and use high-throughput sequencing technologies (such as the Illumina platform) to obtain the whole genome sequence, focusing on analyzing gene regions related to dental pulp regeneration;

[0074] Variance identification: By comparing with a reference genome (such as GRCh38), identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or mutations in the BMP-2, VEGF, RUNX2, and HIF-1α genes, and assess their expression levels and functional impact.

[0075] Priority assessment: Utilizing bioinformatics tools (such as PolyPhen-2 or SIFT) to predict the functional effects of variants, and combining this with the patient's pulp damage level (e.g., inflammation level or hypoxia level), regulatory priorities are determined. For example, if sequencing reveals an expression-repressive mutation in the VEGF gene promoter region, then VEGF regulation is preferentially enhanced.

[0076] Sequence design: Based on priority, design targeted sgRNAs (single-stranded guide RNAs) and combine them with the light-controlled CRISPR system to ensure the high efficiency of targeted regulation;

[0077] The determination of priority regulatory sequences is based on patient-specific data-driven approaches to ensure that treatment plans are precisely matched to individual needs. For example, if a patient has insufficient VEGF expression, the system will prioritize the design of sgRNAs that enhance VEGF expression.

[0078] The adaptive smart scaffold dynamically releases growth factors or drugs based on pulp cavity environmental parameters (such as pH, temperature, and oxygen concentration) through temperature-sensitive hydrogel and microfluidic channels. The specific parameter relationships are as follows:

[0079] Triggering conditions: The parameter relationship table is shown in Table 2 below:

[0080] pH value: Normal range 6.8-7.4. A pH value below 6.8 (acidic) or above 7.4 (alkaline) will trigger drug release.

[0081] Temperature: 36-38℃ is the optimal release range. Adjust the release rate if the temperature is below 36℃ or above 38℃.

[0082] Oxygen concentration: below 18% (hypoxia) increases VEGF release, above 22% decreases release;

[0083] Release mechanism: When abnormal parameters are detected, the temperature-sensitive hydrogel regulates the release rate through microfluidic channel pressure. Drugs (such as VEGF and TGF-β) are encapsulated in nanoparticle form, and the release amount is proportional to the environmental deviation.

[0084] Environmental parameters Normal range Abnormal range Release drug Release rate (μg / h) pH value 6.8-7.4 <6.8 or >7.4 Anti-inflammatory drugs 0.5-1.0 Temperature (°C) 36-38 <36 or >38 VEGF 0.2-0.8 Oxygen concentration (%) 18-22 <18 VEGF 0.5-1.2 Inflammatory factor IL-6 (pg / mL) <20 >20 Anti-inflammatory drugs 0.3-0.9

[0085] Table 2

[0086] The release rate is adjusted in real time based on sensor feedback to ensure a stable microenvironment and support the proliferation and differentiation of dental pulp stem cells.

[0087] The adaptive smart scaffold regulates the release rate of growth factors in the temperature-sensitive hydrogel through the pressure of the microfluidic channel. The specific regulation mechanism is as follows:

[0088] Pressure sensor: Built into the microfluidic channel to monitor the pressure (unit: kPa) in real time.

[0089] Regulation principle: Pressure changes reflect the needs of the microenvironment within the pulp cavity (such as increased pressure due to inflammation or hypoxia). When the pressure increases, the micropump increases the flow rate to accelerate drug release; when the pressure decreases, the release is slowed down.

[0090] Parameter basis: Designed based on the normal pressure range of the pulp chamber (5-15kPa), with adjustment triggered by abnormal pressure, as shown in Table 3 below;

[0091] Pressure range (kPa) Microenvironment status Release rate (μg / h) Adjustment method 5-10 normal 0.2-0.4 low-speed release 10-15 Mild abnormality 0.5-0.8 medium-speed release >15 Severe abnormality 0.9-1.2 High-speed release

[0092] Table 3

[0093] Pressure and release rate are positively correlated. The AI ​​platform optimizes the pump speed based on sensor data to ensure that drug release is synchronized with the needs of the microenvironment.

[0094] The bio-digital fusion interface monitors the levels of inflammatory factors (such as IL-6 and TNF-α) within the dental pulp cavity using graphene nanosensors, and dynamically adjusts the release dose of anti-inflammatory drugs. The specific process is as follows:

[0095] Monitoring parameters: Graphene nanosensors detect IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations in real time (unit: pg / mL).

[0096] Regulation mechanism: The AI ​​platform instructs the microfluidic channel to release anti-inflammatory drugs (such as ibuprofen) based on concentration changes, and the dosage is positively correlated with the level of inflammatory factors;

[0097] Control parameters: Based on the inflammatory factor thresholds of healthy dental pulp tissue (IL-6 < 20 pg / mL, TNF-α < 15 pg / mL), as shown in Table 4 below:

[0098] Inflammatory factors Normal threshold (pg / mL) Abnormal range (pg / mL) Release dose (μg / h) Adjustment basis IL-6 <20 20-50 0.3-0.6 Mild inflammation IL-6 <20 >50 0.7-1.0 Severe inflammation TNF-α <15 15-40 0.2-0.5 Mild inflammation TNF-α <15 >40 0.6-0.9 Severe inflammation

[0099] Table 4

[0100] When IL-6 or TNF-α exceeds the threshold, the AI ​​platform triggers drug release, and the dosage is dynamically adjusted according to the degree of abnormality to ensure rapid relief of inflammation. Specific Implementation Example 3:

[0102] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, based on the content of the above specific embodiments, the following content is further disclosed:

[0103] The hardware components of the treatment system further include the following:

[0104] Three-dimensional scaffold: The three-dimensional scaffold is made of polylactic-co-glycolic acid copolymer (PLLA) and collagen composite material, with a gradient porosity structure and a pore size range of 20-250 μm. It is manufactured based on a digital model of the patient's teeth using digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing technology to achieve personalized adaptation, which is the adaptive smart scaffold in step Sp2. It is used to support the migration and angiogenesis of dental pulp cells, provide attachment points for dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and simulate the natural dental pulp hierarchical structure. It is directly related to the adaptive smart scaffold of personalized treatment in step Sp2. The gradient porosity structure and the adaptive microenvironment support in step Sp3 work together to ensure effective cell attachment, proliferation and formation of new tissue. In actual use, after the scaffold is implanted into the dental pulp cavity, the porous structure (20-250 μm) adapts to the different cell and blood vessel growth needs. PLLA provides mechanical support and gradually degrades, while collagen enhances biocompatibility and makes room for new tissue over time. Personalized adaptation improves the matching degree with the dental pulp cavity, reduces surgical complexity, and the pore structure optimizes cell migration and vascularization, significantly improving the regeneration power.

[0105] Multilayer drug delivery module: The multilayer drug delivery module is embedded in a three-dimensional scaffold containing BMP-2 and FGF-2 encapsulated in nanoparticles. It gradually releases drugs within the pulp cavity at a pH of 6.5-7.5 over a period of 7-21 days, dynamically providing growth factors. BMP-2 promotes osteogenic differentiation, while FGF-2 supports cell proliferation and angiogenesis. As part of the adaptive intelligent scaffold, it corresponds to the dynamic release of growth factors or drugs in step Sp3. The pH triggering mechanism complements the release of growth factors by the thermosensitive hydrogel in step Sp3. During use, at normal physiological pH (6.5-7.5), the nanoparticles degrade, releasing BMP-2 to induce DPSCs to differentiate into osteoblasts, while FGF-2 promotes proliferation and angiogenesis. The 7-21 day release cycle matches the pulp regeneration window. In terms of efficacy, the module ensures continuous biostimulation, optimizes the structural and functional recovery of regenerated tissue, and improves the stability of treatment effects.

[0106] Flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator: The flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator is integrated on the scaffold surface. It utilizes the mechanical energy of chewing motion to convert it into a 1-50 μV electrical signal, promoting the proliferation of DPSCs and providing bioelectric stimulation. As the hardware implementation of the bioelectric stimulation function in step Sp3, it corresponds to the application of weak electrical signals to stimulate DPSC proliferation and differentiation in step Sp3, with an electrical signal intensity of 10-100 μA and a frequency of 1-10 Hz. It innovates the dependence on external power source through energy self-sufficiency. During use, when the patient chews, the piezoelectric material deforms under force to generate an electrical signal, which directly acts on DPSCs. The weak electrical stimulation enhances cell proliferation and differentiation. The flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator provides continuous stimulation by using daily chewing, reducing external energy dependence and improving the system's practicality and regeneration efficiency.

[0107] Miniature fiber optic sensor array: The miniature fiber optic sensor array is used to monitor the stress distribution and blood flow velocity inside the scaffold. The data acquisition frequency is 5 times per minute, which monitors the microenvironment in real time. As a supplement to the graphene nanosensor in step Sp3, it combines with the data monitoring of the microenvironment in the pulp cavity and the monitoring of inflammatory factor levels in step Sp3 to provide comprehensive data support. The sensor detects stress (reflecting the fit and stability of the scaffold) and blood flow velocity (indicating the process of angiogenesis) through changes in optical signals. The acquisition of data 5 times per minute ensures timeliness. The data is fed back to the AI-based pulp regeneration management platform for analysis, accurate monitoring and optimization of treatment adjustments, and improvement of the fit between the scaffold and the tissue and the regeneration effect.

[0108] Handheld external controller: The handheld external controller is equipped with a near-infrared light source (wavelength 800-1000nm) to remotely activate the photosensitive hydrogel in the scaffold to release stem cell factors, achieving light-controlled regulation. As an extension of the light-controlled CRISPR system in step Sp1, it corresponds to step Sp1's activation of gene expression through the transmission of light signals via nanofibers, providing multi-band light control capabilities. Doctors or patients emit near-infrared light, which penetrates the tissue to trigger the release of factors from the hydrogel, promoting the proliferation and differentiation of DPSCs. In synergy with blue light signals, near-infrared light has strong deep penetration, and the release of factors and gene regulation work together to significantly improve regeneration effects and treatment precision.

[0109] Built-in micro battery module: The built-in micro battery module supports continuous operation for 8 hours, with a voltage range of 3.3-5V, providing stable energy to ensure system operation. As support for the SP4 bio-digital fusion interface, it is related to the braces-style wearable monitor. The battery powers the light source, radio frequency module, and vibration unit, ensuring continuous operation without external power. The stable voltage avoids fluctuations, and the 8-hour battery life meets daily needs, ensuring the normal operation of components and improving system reliability.

[0110] Vibration Feedback Unit: The vibration feedback unit uses low-frequency vibrations of 10-50Hz to alert the patient to the usage status or abnormalities in the pulp microenvironment, enhancing patient participation. As part of the bio-digital fusion interface of step Sp4, it complements the parameter adjustment suggestions provided to the doctor via a mobile application in step Sp4. When an abnormality is detected (such as pH deviation), the unit vibrates to remind the patient. The low-frequency design ensures comfortable information delivery. In effect, it improves patient perception and compliance, enhances interactivity, and optimizes the treatment experience.

[0111] The radio frequency module for intelligent scaffold communication operates at a frequency of 2.4 GHz. It is used to receive sensor data and send control commands to achieve wireless communication. As the hardware for wireless communication data transmission, it interacts with the wearable monitor in step SP4 and the AI-based pulp regeneration management platform. The module receives microenvironment data through the 2.4 GHz band and sends AI control commands (such as adjusting drug release). High-speed and stable transmission ensures timely response and improves treatment accuracy and intelligence.

[0112] Control device: The control device consists of a handheld external controller, a micro battery module, a vibration feedback unit, and a radio frequency module. It is encapsulated in a waterproof shell that meets IP67 standards and integrates an operating terminal. It serves as the hardware implementation of the bio-digital fusion interface in step Sp4 and corresponds to the real-time optimization of the pulp regeneration process in step Sp4. The patient activates the hydrogel through the controller and receives vibration cues. The radio frequency module interacts with the scaffold. The waterproof design ensures stable operation of the oral environment. It integrates light control, communication, and feedback functions. The IP67 standard extends its lifespan and improves practicality and treatment efficiency.

[0113] The three-dimensional scaffold and drug delivery module optimize the support of the Sp3 microenvironment through personalized design and dynamic release; the piezoelectric generator and fiber optic sensor enhance the dynamic regulation of Sp1 and the monitoring capability of Sp3; the controller, battery, vibration unit and radio frequency module constitute the Sp4 bio-digital fusion interface to realize real-time optimization and patient participation. The system improves its adaptability and intelligence through innovative components (such as piezoelectric energy self-sufficiency and fiber optic monitoring) to ensure efficient, accurate and personalized pulp restoration. Specific Implementation Example 4:

[0115] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, based on the content of the above specific embodiments, the following content is further disclosed:

[0116] The treatment system described in this application differs from existing endodontic treatment methods, such as traditional root canal treatment, primarily in the following aspects:

[0117] Dynamic gene regulation: Dynamic editing of BMP-2 and VEGF genes in dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) using a light-controlled CRISPR system to promote pulp regeneration and angiogenesis;

[0118] Adaptive intelligent scaffold: It adopts a 3D printed personalized scaffold with built-in microfluidic channels and bioelectric stimulation devices to improve tissue repair efficiency;

[0119] Bio-digital fusion interface: Real-time monitoring and optimization of the pulp microenvironment through wearable monitors and an AI-based pulp regeneration management platform to achieve closed-loop regulation;

[0120] Personalized treatment: Treatment plans are customized based on patient genome sequencing and CT imaging data to enhance the effectiveness of treatment.

[0121] To further verify the distinguishing features of this application, a comparative experiment was designed to verify the performance of the system in terms of pulp regeneration efficiency, personalized treatment effect, microenvironment regulation capability, and treatment safety. The specific experimental content is as follows:

[0122] Experimental group (this technical solution): DPSCs were edited using a light-controlled CRISPR system to dynamically regulate the expression of BMP-2 and VEGF genes; personalized adaptive smart scaffolds were 3D printed based on CT images and genomic data, with built-in microfluidic channels and bioelectric stimulation; microenvironmental parameters (pH, oxygen concentration, etc.) were monitored in real time through a wearable monitor and an AI-based pulp regeneration management platform, and treatment was dynamically optimized; the edited DPSCs and smart scaffolds were implanted into the pulp injury site;

[0123] Control group (traditional root canal treatment): The pulp chamber was filled with conventional biocompatible materials (such as MTA); the filling was performed according to the traditional root canal treatment procedure;

[0124] Experimental subjects and grouping: 24 SD rats were selected to establish a pulp injury model of the mandibular first molar (simulating clinical conditions through mechanical injury); they were randomly divided into an experimental group (n=12) and a control group (n=12).

[0125] To quantify the distinguishing features of this technical solution, the following key indicators are set:

[0126] Pulp regeneration efficiency: Pulp regeneration area was measured by H&E histological staining;

[0127] Angiogenesis capacity: Vascular density was assessed by CD31 immunohistochemical staining;

[0128] Inflammatory response: Levels of inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α) were detected by ELISA;

[0129] Microenvironment stability: The range of pH and oxygen concentration fluctuations is recorded using sensors;

[0130] Treatment safety: This is assessed through histopathological examination to determine the presence of abnormal proliferation or inflammation.

[0131] Experimental procedure: The experimental group rats underwent dental CT scans and genome sequencing to design personalized scaffolds and gene editing protocols; the control group did not require this step; the experimental group was implanted with adaptive scaffolds and edited DPSCs, while the control group underwent traditional root canal filling; the experimental group recorded microenvironment data hourly using a wearable device, which was optimized by AI, while the control group was not monitored; samples were collected at 4 and 8 weeks post-operation for histological, immunohistochemical, and ELISA analysis.

[0132] Results Verification: The experimental results were compared and analyzed quantitatively to determine the performance of the two groups on various indicators, as shown in Table 5 below:

[0133] index Experimental group (this technical solution) Control group (traditional method) p-value Pulp regeneration area (%) 85.3±5.2 45.7±6.8 <0.01 Blood vessel density (vessels / mm²) 32.5±4.1 12.3±3.5 <0.01 IL-6 level (pg / mL) 15.2±2.3 45.6±5.7 <0.01 TNF-α level (pg / mL) 10.5±1.8 38.4±4.9 <0.01 pH fluctuation range 7.2-7.4 6.8-7.6 - Oxygen concentration fluctuation (%) 18.5-21.0 15.0-22.5 - Incidence of abnormal hyperplasia (%) 0 8.3 -

[0134] Table 5

[0135] The results are analyzed as follows:

[0136] Pulp regeneration efficiency: The pulp regeneration area in the experimental group reached 85.3%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (45.7%), indicating that dynamic gene regulation and intelligent scaffold significantly promoted pulp tissue repair.

[0137] Angiogenesis capacity: The vascular density in the experimental group (32.5 vessels / mm²) was much higher than that in the control group (12.3 vessels / mm²), which verified the role of VEGF gene editing and bioelectric stimulation in angiogenesis;

[0138] Inflammatory response: The experimental group had lower levels of IL-6 and TNF-α (15.2 and 10.5 pg / mL), while the control group had higher levels (45.6 and 38.4 pg / mL), indicating that real-time optimization of the microenvironment effectively inhibited inflammation;

[0139] Microenvironment stability: The experimental group showed smaller fluctuations in pH (7.2-7.4) and oxygen concentration (18.5-21.0%), while the control group showed larger fluctuations (pH 6.8-7.6, oxygen 15.0-22.5%), demonstrating that AI regulation improved microenvironment stability;

[0140] Treatment safety: No abnormal hyperplasia was observed in the experimental group, while the incidence rate in the control group was 8.3%, indicating that this technical approach is safer.

[0141] Through the above comparative experiments, this technical solution is significantly superior to traditional root canal treatment in terms of pulp regeneration efficiency, angiogenesis, inflammation control, microenvironment stability, and treatment safety. Its innovative design of dynamic gene regulation, adaptive intelligent scaffold, and bio-digital fusion interface fully demonstrates the advantages of personalization, intelligence, and closed-loop optimization, and verifies the breakthrough value of its distinctive features. Specific Implementation Example 5:

[0143] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, based on the content of the above specific embodiments, the following content is further disclosed:

[0144] To further verify the feasibility of the technical solution of this application in practical use, the following are actual application examples:

[0145] Application Case 1: Pulp Regeneration Treatment for Patients with Severe Pulpitis

[0146] Case background: The patient is a 35-year-old woman diagnosed with severe pulpitis. Due to long-term inflammation, the tooth is fragile after traditional root canal treatment and is at risk of fracture. This technical solution aims to restore tooth vitality and enhance its structural stability through pulp regeneration treatment.

[0147] The treatment process is as follows:

[0148] Dynamic gene regulation: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are extracted from the patient's dental pulp, and the BMP-2 (bone morphogenetic protein-2) and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) genes are edited using a light-controlled CRISPR system to regulate their expression in order to promote osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis.

[0149] Personalized treatment: Through CT scans and genome sequencing, personalized adaptive smart scaffolds are designed and fabricated using 3D printing technology. The scaffolds have built-in microfluidic channels and bioelectric stimulation devices to ensure the precise delivery of nutrients and signaling factors.

[0150] Adaptive microenvironment support: After implantation, the scaffold continuously releases growth factors and dynamically regulates the pulp microenvironment through bioelectric stimulation to promote tissue regeneration;

[0151] Real-time bio-digital optimization: Using wearable monitors and an AI-based pulp regeneration management platform, parameters such as pH and oxygen concentration of the pulp microenvironment are monitored in real time, and treatment strategies are dynamically adjusted based on the data;

[0152] Treatment outcome: 12 months after treatment, the patient's teeth regained vitality, with no pain and normal chewing function; the following are key data:

[0153] index Before treatment 12 months after treatment Remark Pulp vitality none have - Tooth hardness (HV) 250 320 Increased by 28% Blood vessel density (vessels / mm²) - 28.4 - Inflammatory factor IL-6 (pg / mL) 50.3 12.5 75% decrease

[0154] Table 6

[0155] As shown in Table 6 above, through the application of dynamic gene regulation and adaptive scaffold, pulp regeneration and angiogenesis are significantly enhanced, AI optimization ensures the stability of the microenvironment, the level of inflammatory factors decreases significantly, and tooth hardness is significantly improved, demonstrating the feasibility and superiority of this technical solution in the treatment of severe pulpitis.

[0156] Application Case 2: Comprehensive Restoration for Patients with Pulp Injury and Periodontitis

[0157] Case background: The patient is a 42-year-old male with pulp damage and periodontitis. Traditional treatments have limited effectiveness, resulting in severe tooth loosening and significant periodontal tissue degeneration. This technical solution improves the patient's oral health through combined regeneration of the pulp and periodontal tissues.

[0158] The treatment process is as follows:

[0159] Dynamic gene regulation: Targeting dental pulp stem cells and periodontal stem cells, the BMP-2 and PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) genes are edited respectively to promote the regeneration of dental pulp tissue and periodontal tissue;

[0160] Personalized treatment: Based on CT and MRI data, a combined scaffold is designed and 3D printed to support the repair of both dental pulp and periodontal tissues. The scaffold structure is adapted to the anatomical features of the patient's teeth and periodontium.

[0161] Adaptive microenvironment support: The scaffold releases BMP-2 (for dental pulp) and PDGF (for periodontium) respectively, optimizing the local microenvironment through microfluidic channels to promote tissue regeneration;

[0162] Bio-digital real-time optimization: By monitoring the dynamic changes in the periodontal and pulp microenvironment through wearable devices, the AI-based pulp regeneration management platform adjusts the growth factor release rate and electrical stimulation intensity based on real-time data.

[0163] Treatment outcome: 18 months after treatment, the patient's teeth were stable, periodontal inflammation subsided, and pulp vitality was restored. Key data are as follows:

[0164] index Before treatment 18 months after treatment Remark Tooth mobility (mm) 2.5 0.3 88% decrease Periodontal pocket depth (mm) 6.0 2.5 58% decrease Pulp vitality none have - TNF-α (pg / mL) 45.7 9.8 78% decrease

[0165] Table 7

[0166] This technical solution achieves synchronous regeneration of dental pulp and periodontal tissues through combined scaffolding and multi-gene regulation. AI optimization technology ensures the precision and safety of the treatment process, significantly reduces tooth mobility and periodontal pocket depth, and fully restores the patient's oral function.

[0167] In conclusion, the two cases above fully demonstrate the application potential of this technical solution in complex oral diseases such as pulpitis and periodontitis. The synergistic effect of dynamic gene regulation, adaptive intelligent scaffold, and real-time bio-digital optimization not only improves the efficiency and personalization of pulp regeneration, but also significantly improves patients' dental function and quality of life, providing an innovative and efficient solution for oral regenerative medicine with broad clinical application prospects.

[0168] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a reference structure" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0169] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A treatment system that utilizes oral stem cells to promote pulp repair, characterized in that: The treatment system, through the synergistic effect of a dynamic gene regulation module, an adaptive intelligent scaffold, and a bio-digital fusion interface, includes the following steps: Sp1: The dynamic gene regulation module utilizes a light-controlled CRISPR system to dynamically edit the genes of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), regulating the expression of BMP-2, VEGF, RUNX2, and HIF-1α genes. Nanofibers transmit light signals of a specific wavelength to the pulp cavity, activating or inhibiting target genes and promoting osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis of dental pulp stem cells. The specific wavelength is the wavelength emitted by the blue light source of the light-controlled CRISPR system, which is 450-470 nm. Sp2: Personalized treatment. Through the dynamic gene regulation module of step Sp1, the genome of the patient's dental pulp tissue is sequenced to determine the priority regulation sequence of the target gene in the light-controlled CRISPR system. Combined with CT image data, 3D printing technology is used to manufacture an adaptive smart scaffold that matches the morphology of the dental pulp cavity. Sp3: Provides microenvironmental support and regulation for dental pulp stem cells through an adaptive intelligent scaffold. The adaptive intelligent scaffold is composed of a PLGA-PEG complex, a thermosensitive hydrogel, and a graphene nanosensor. The adaptive scaffold has a porous gradient structure and is internally equipped with microfluidic channels and bioelectric stimulation. The microfluidic channels of the adaptive intelligent scaffold dynamically release growth factors or drugs based on the pH, temperature, and oxygen concentration data in the dental pulp cavity monitored by the graphene nanosensor. The graphene nanosensor applies a weak electrical signal through conductivity, which synergistically stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of dental pulp stem cells. Sp4: Real-time optimization of the pulp regeneration process through a bio-digital fusion interface, which includes an external wearable monitor and an AI-based pulp regeneration management platform. The wearable monitor collects pulp cavity microenvironment data and transmits it wirelessly to the AI-based pulp regeneration management platform. The AI-based pulp regeneration management platform analyzes the data and adjusts the optical signal parameters of the light-controlled CRISPR system and the drug release and electrical stimulation strategies of the adaptive smart scaffold.

2. The treatment system for promoting pulp repair using oral stem cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photosensitive protein and Cas9 protein are coupled through light signals to conduct spatiotemporally specific regulation of the BMP-2 and VEGF genes, matching the needs of different stages of pulp regeneration.

3. The treatment system for promoting pulp repair using oral stem cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature-sensitive hydrogel of the adaptive smart scaffold releases VEGF and TGF-β growth factors at a body temperature of 36-38℃, and enhances the attachment of dental pulp stem cells through functionalized RGD motifs. The release rate is regulated according to the pressure of the microfluidic channel.

4. The treatment system for promoting pulp repair using oral stem cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The graphene nanosensor monitors the levels of inflammatory factors in the pulp cavity in real time, including IL-6 and TNF-α, and feeds the data back to the bio-digital fusion interface. The bio-digital fusion interface dynamically adjusts the release dose of anti-inflammatory drugs based on the parameters.

5. The treatment system for promoting pulp repair using oral stem cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microfluidic channel is designed to mimic the natural dental pulp vascular network, with a channel diameter of 50-200 μm. It is used to transport oxygen and nutrients, while metabolic waste is discharged at a flow rate of 0.1-1 mL / min via a micropump.

6. The treatment system for promoting dental pulp repair using oral stem cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bioelectric stimulation signal intensity is 10-100 μA and the frequency is 1-10 Hz. It is applied through the conductivity of graphene to stimulate dental pulp stem cells to differentiate into osteoblasts and endothelial cells. The signal parameters are dynamically optimized by an AI-based dental pulp regeneration management platform according to the regeneration process.

7. The treatment system for promoting pulp repair using oral stem cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external wearable monitor adopts a brace-like design, integrates flexible sensors, and connects to an adaptive smart bracket via Bluetooth 5.

0. It collects microenvironment data 10 times per second and transmits it to an AI-based pulp regeneration management platform.

8. The treatment system for promoting pulp repair using oral stem cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AI-based pulp regeneration management platform uses deep learning algorithms to analyze microenvironment data, predicts the 7-14 day trend of pulp regeneration, and provides doctors with parameter adjustment suggestions through a mobile application.

9. The treatment system for promoting pulp repair using oral stem cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive smart scaffold has adaptive deformation capability. Through the thermoplasticity of the PLGA-PEG composite, it can finely adjust its shape according to the pressure in the pulp cavity after implantation, with a deformation range of 5-15%, to ensure close fit with the pulp tissue.

10. The treatment system for promoting pulp repair using oral stem cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hardware components of the treatment system include: A three-dimensional scaffold, made of polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer (PLLA) and collagen composite material, has a gradient pore structure with a pore size ranging from 20 to 250 μm to support the migration and angiogenesis of dental pulp cells; A multilayer drug delivery module for embedding in a three-dimensional scaffold, comprising BMP-2 and FGF-2 encapsulated in nanoparticles, wherein the multilayer drug delivery module gradually releases drugs within the pulp cavity at a pH of 6.5-7.5, with a release cycle of 7-21 days; A flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator, integrated on the surface of a scaffold, converts the mechanical energy generated by chewing motion into an electrical signal of 1-50 μV to promote the proliferation of dental pulp stem cells. A miniature fiber optic sensor array is used to monitor stress distribution and blood flow velocity inside the stent, with a data acquisition frequency of 5 times per minute. A handheld external controller is equipped with a near-infrared light source with a wavelength range of 800-1000nm, which is used to remotely activate the photosensitive hydrogel in the scaffold to release stem cell factors. The built-in micro battery module supports continuous operation for 8 hours, with a voltage range of 3.3-5V, providing a stable power supply; The vibration feedback unit uses low-frequency vibrations of 10-50Hz to alert the patient to the usage status or abnormalities in the pulp microenvironment. The radio frequency module for intelligent support communication operates at a frequency of 2.4 GHz and is used to receive support sensor data and send control commands.

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