A compressed air energy storage unit artificial chamber gas storage temperature balancing system and a method for operating the same

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of compressed air energy storage technology, specifically to a temperature balancing system and operating method for an artificial chamber gas storage unit of a compressed air energy storage unit. The temperature balancing system includes an air supply and exhaust assembly, a rapid cooling assembly, a gas storage heat exchanger, and a temperature regulation assembly. The air supply and exhaust assembly comprises an air compressor, a heat exchange assembly, an inlet pipe, and an exhaust pipe arranged sequentially along the airflow direction, enabling the inflation and deflation of the artificial chamber gas storage unit. The rapid cooling assembly, combined with the gas storage heat exchanger, allows for rapid cooling of the gas storage unit's internal temperature during initial inflation, reducing initial inflation time. The temperature regulation assembly, combined with the gas storage heat exchanger, regulates the internal air temperature of the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber gas storage unit, maintaining a stable gas storage temperature during daily inflation and deflation, reducing the temperature stress on the gas storage unit, and improving its safety and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of compressed air energy storage technology, specifically to a temperature balancing system and operation method for an artificial chamber air storage unit of a compressed air energy storage unit. Background Technology

[0002] Compressed air energy storage power generation technology is a high-density, long-life, high-efficiency, and flexible physical energy storage technology that can enhance the peak-shaving capacity of the power grid and improve the reliability of power supply. Compressed air energy storage power generation equipment consists of four systems: an air compression system, a thermal storage system, a gas storage system, and an expansion power generation system. The working process is divided into energy storage and energy release processes.

[0003] During energy storage, the air compression system and gas storage system operate, using electrical energy to compress air to high pressure and store it in a gas storage tank. During energy release, the gas storage system and expansion power generation system operate, using the high-pressure air to expand and generate electricity.

[0004] However, compressed air energy storage units also have the following problems during operation: ① During the initial inflation of the artificial chamber gas storage unit, the pressure ratio is very high, and the air temperature inside the storage unit rises rapidly, reaching the upper limit of the storage unit's temperature tolerance in a short time. At this point, inflation needs to be stopped, and inflation can only resume after the air temperature inside the storage unit has cooled to room temperature, thus prolonging the initial inflation time. ② The daily inflation process of the gas storage unit is similar to adiabatic compression, and the temperature inside the storage unit rises accordingly; the daily deflation process is similar to adiabatic expansion, and the temperature inside the storage unit drops accordingly. Excessive temperature fluctuations during the inflation and deflation cycles will cause significant temperature stress, which will have a certain impact on the safe operation of the gas storage unit.

[0005] Based on the above, there is an urgent need to develop a temperature balance system and operation method suitable for the artificial chamber gas storage of compressed air energy storage units to solve the problems existing in the current technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a temperature balancing system for the artificial chamber gas storage of a compressed air energy storage unit, comprising an air supply and exhaust assembly, a rapid cooling assembly, a gas storage heat exchanger, and a temperature regulation assembly. The air supply and exhaust assembly includes an air compressor, a heat exchange assembly, an inlet pipe, and an exhaust pipe arranged sequentially along the airflow direction, enabling the inflation and deflation of the artificial chamber gas storage of the compressed air energy storage unit. By combining the rapid cooling assembly with the gas storage heat exchanger, the temperature inside the gas storage chamber can be rapidly cooled during initial inflation, reducing the initial inflation time. By combining the temperature regulation assembly with the gas storage heat exchanger, the temperature of the air inside the artificial chamber gas storage of the compressed air energy storage unit can be regulated, maintaining a stable gas storage temperature during daily inflation and deflation, reducing the temperature stress on the gas storage, and improving the safety and reliability of the gas storage. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0007] A temperature balancing system for an artificial chamber gas storage tank of a compressed air energy storage unit includes an air supply and exhaust assembly, a rapid cooling assembly, a gas storage heat exchanger, and an air temperature regulation assembly.

[0008] The air supply and exhaust assembly includes an air compressor, a heat exchange assembly, an intake pipe, and an exhaust pipe arranged sequentially along the airflow direction. The heat exchange assembly is installed on the intake pipe and is used to pressurize the air by the air compressor and then exchange heat through the heat exchange assembly before entering the inlet end of the intake pipe. The outlet end of the intake pipe is connected to the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber air storage tank for filling the artificial chamber air storage tank with air. One end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber air storage tank, and the other end is connected to the outside. A first valve is provided on the intake pipe, and a second valve is provided on the exhaust pipe.

[0009] The gas storage heat exchanger is installed inside the gas storage chamber of the compressed air energy storage unit for heat exchange of air. The gas storage heat exchanger includes an inlet main pipe, a heat exchange inlet branch pipe, a heat exchange outlet branch pipe, and an outlet main pipe along the flow direction of the circulating coolant.

[0010] The rapid cooling component, combined with the gas storage heat exchanger, enables rapid cooling of the air inside the artificial chamber gas storage of the compressed air energy storage unit. The rapid cooling component includes a mechanical ventilation cooling tower, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet main pipe via a rapid cooling inlet pipe, and the inlet of which is connected to the outlet main pipe via a rapid cooling outlet pipe. A third valve is provided on the rapid cooling inlet pipe, and a fourth valve is provided on the rapid cooling outlet pipe.

[0011] The temperature regulating component, combined with the gas storage heat exchanger, enables temperature regulation of the air inside the artificial chamber gas storage tank of the compressed air energy storage unit. The temperature regulating component includes a liquid storage tank, a temperature regulating component, a temperature regulating inlet pipe, and a temperature regulating outlet pipe. The liquid storage tank includes an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber that can be independently configured. The temperature regulating component is located in the outlet chamber for regulating the temperature of the liquid. One end of the temperature regulating inlet pipe is connected to the inside of the inlet chamber, and the other end is connected to the outlet main pipe. One end of the temperature regulating outlet pipe is connected to the inside of the outlet chamber, and the other end is connected to the inlet main pipe. A fifth valve is provided on the temperature regulating inlet pipe, and a sixth valve is provided on the temperature regulating outlet pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber air storage tank is equipped with multiple temperature detection elements and multiple pressure detection elements;

[0013] The number of heat exchange inlet branch pipes is multiple; the heat exchange inlet branch pipes and the heat exchange outlet branch pipes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; each of the multiple sets of heat exchange inlet branch pipes and / or heat exchange outlet branch pipes is equipped with a pressure measuring element.

[0014] The temperature detection element is a temperature sensor; the pressure detection element and the pressure sensing element are both pressure sensors.

[0015] Preferably, the liquid storage tank includes an outer shell, an inner shell, a packing layer, an intermediate partition, a gate valve, and a temperature sensing element;

[0016] The outer shell of the box is fitted onto the outside of the inner shell of the box and connected by a support member. A receiving cavity is formed between the outer shell of the box and the inner shell of the box. The filler layer is placed in the receiving cavity for reinforcement and heat preservation.

[0017] The inner shell of the box forms a liquid storage cavity, and the middle partition is disposed in the liquid storage cavity to divide the liquid storage cavity into an inlet cavity and an outlet cavity; the middle partition is provided with a gate valve to control the isolation and communication between the inlet cavity and the outlet cavity;

[0018] The temperature measuring element is disposed inside the liquid outlet chamber; the temperature measuring element is a temperature sensor.

[0019] Preferably, the lower end of the inlet chamber is 10-15 meters higher than the lower end of the outlet chamber; the slide valve is located at the lower end of the intermediate partition.

[0020] Preferably, the liquid storage tank is located underground.

[0021] Preferably, the temperature regulating assembly includes a heater and / or a cooler, wherein the heater is used to heat the liquid in the outlet chamber and the cooler is used to cool the liquid in the outlet chamber.

[0022] Preferably, the heater is an electric heating device, which includes a heating element and wiring. The heating element is disposed inside the liquid outlet chamber and can heat the liquid in the liquid outlet chamber. The heating element is connected to a power source through wiring.

[0023] The cooler is connected to the rapid cooling inlet pipe via a cooling inlet pipe, and the cooler is connected to the rapid cooling outlet pipe via a cooling outlet pipe; a seventh valve is provided on the cooling inlet pipe, and an eighth valve is provided on the cooling outlet pipe.

[0024] Preferably, the heat exchange assembly includes an air heat exchanger and an air cooler arranged sequentially along the airflow direction;

[0025] The air cooler includes an air-cooled inlet pipe connected to the fast-cooling inlet pipe and an air-cooled outlet pipe connected to the fast-cooling outlet pipe. The air-cooled inlet pipe is equipped with a ninth valve, and the air-cooled outlet pipe is equipped with a tenth valve.

[0026] Preferably, along the airflow direction, the exhaust pipe is provided with an air heater and an expander in sequence.

[0027] This invention also discloses a method for operating a temperature balancing system of an artificial chamber gas storage tank for a compressed air energy storage unit, comprising the following steps:

[0028] Determine the operating parameters of the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber gas storage facility; these operating parameters include: the maximum operating pressure P of the gas storage facility. g Minimum operating pressure P of the gas storage facility d The highest operating temperature of the gas storage facility is T. g Minimum operating temperature T of the gas storage facility d The normal operating temperature of the gas storage facility is T. c The exhaust temperature T after the air compressor is cooled k ;

[0029] The initial inflation stage of the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber gas storage tank specifically includes:

[0030] Step a1: After the air is pressurized by the air compressor, it is cooled by the air heat exchanger and air cooler in the heat exchange assembly, and the temperature drops to T. k It enters the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber gas storage cell;

[0031] The air in the artificial chamber of the compressed air energy storage unit is initially at normal temperature and pressure. As air continues to enter, its pressure and temperature rise rapidly according to an adiabatic process. When the air temperature reaches T... g Stop inflating when the time is right;

[0032] Step a2: Connect the rapid cooling component to the gas storage heat exchanger. The circulating coolant provided by the rapid cooling component enters the gas storage heat exchanger to cool the air in the artificial chamber of the compressed air energy storage unit. When the air is cooled to T... c Stop cooling at that time;

[0033] Step a3: Make a judgment. If the pressure inside the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber is less than P... d If the initial inflation stage is complete, return to step a1; otherwise, the air pressure in the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber is P. d And the air temperature is T c .

[0034] Preferably, it also includes the daily inflation and deflation processes of the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber gas storage tank;

[0035] The routine inflation process includes the following steps:

[0036] Step b1: Maintain the liquid temperature in the outlet chamber at [T] by controlling the heater and / or cooler in the temperature control assembly. c -20℃, T c -15℃];

[0037] Step b2: After the air is pressurized by the air compressor, it is cooled by the air heat exchanger and air cooler in the heat exchange assembly, and the temperature drops to T. k The compressed air energy storage unit begins to fill its artificial chamber with air, and the pressure inside the artificial chamber is increased by P. d Rise to P g When the inflation stops; the temperature control component is connected to the gas storage heat exchanger; cooling is supplied to the gas storage heat exchanger through the liquid outlet chamber of the temperature control component to cool the air and maintain the air temperature in the artificial chamber of the compressed air energy storage unit at [T]. c -5℃, T c +5℃]; The return liquid from the gas storage heat exchanger enters the inlet chamber, at which point the gate valve closes, and the inlet chamber and outlet chamber are completely isolated;

[0038] Step b3: The slide gate valve opens, and the liquid in the inlet chamber flows into the outlet chamber by gravity. The temperature of the liquid in the outlet chamber is maintained at [T] by the heater and / or cooler in the temperature control assembly. c +15℃, T c +20℃];

[0039] The routine venting process includes: the compressed air energy storage unit begins venting from the artificial chamber air storage tank, with the pressure increasing from P... g Drop to P d Stop releasing gas; connect the temperature control component to the gas storage heat exchanger; supply heat to the gas storage heat exchanger through the liquid outlet chamber of the temperature control component to heat the air and maintain the air temperature in the artificial chamber gas storage tank of the compressed air energy storage unit at [T]. c -5℃, T c +5℃]; The return liquid of the gas storage heat exchanger enters the inlet chamber, at which time the gate valve is closed, and the inlet chamber and outlet chamber are completely isolated.

[0040] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other objectives, features, and advantages. The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0041] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature balancing system of the artificial chamber gas storage tank of the compressed air energy storage unit in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas storage heat exchanger;

[0044] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature regulation component;

[0045] Among them, 1. Air compressor; 2. Air storage heat exchanger, 2.1, inlet main pipe, 2.2, heat exchange inlet branch pipe, 2.3, heat exchange outlet branch pipe, 2.4, outlet main pipe; 3. Temperature control assembly, 3.1, liquid storage tank, 3.1.1, inlet chamber, 3.1.2, outlet chamber, 3.1.3, outer shell, 3.1.4, inner shell, 3.1.5, packing layer, 3.1.6, intermediate partition, 3.1.7, gate valve, 3.1.8, temperature sensing element; 3.2, temperature control assembly, 3.2.1, heater, 3.2.2, cooler, 3.2.3, cooling inlet pipe, 2.3.4, cooling outlet pipe; 3.3, temperature control inlet pipe, 3.4, temperature control outlet pipe. 4. Mechanical ventilation cooling tower, 4.1. Rapid cooling liquid inlet pipe, 4.2. Rapid cooling liquid outlet pipe; 5. Pressure measuring element; 6. Air inlet pipe; 7. Exhaust pipe; 8. Air heat exchanger; 9. Air cooler, 9.1. Air-cooled liquid inlet pipe, 9.2. Air-cooled liquid outlet pipe; 10. Temperature measuring element; 11. Air heater; 12. Expander; 13. Compressed air energy storage unit artificial chamber air storage tank; 14. Ground; 15. External rock strata; f1. First valve, f2. Second valve, f3. Third valve, f4. Fourth valve, f5. Fifth valve, f6. Sixth valve, f7. Seventh valve, f8. Eighth valve, f9. Ninth valve, f10. Tenth valve, f11. Isolation valve. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0047] Example:

[0048] See Figure 1 A temperature balancing system for an artificial chamber gas storage facility of a compressed air energy storage unit is disclosed. The artificial chamber gas storage facility 13 of the compressed air energy storage unit is constructed below ground level 14, and is surrounded by external rock strata 15. The temperature balancing system includes an exhaust and gas supply assembly, a rapid cooling assembly, a gas storage heat exchanger 2, and a temperature control assembly 3. The gas storage heat exchanger 2 is connected to two circulating liquids (preferably water) for cooling and heat exchange. Specifically, one source is from the rapid cooling assembly, which is activated during the initial filling of the gas storage facility; the other source is from the temperature control assembly 3, which is activated during the daily filling and venting processes of the gas storage facility.

[0049] The detailed structure of this temperature balancing system is as follows:

[0050] The air supply and exhaust assembly includes an air compressor 1, a heat exchange assembly, an intake pipe 6, and an exhaust pipe 7 arranged sequentially along the air flow direction. The heat exchange assembly is installed on the intake pipe 6 and is used to pressurize air by the air compressor 1 and then exchange heat through the heat exchange assembly before entering the inlet end of the intake pipe 6. The outlet end of the intake pipe 6 is connected to the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber air storage tank for filling the air storage tank. Preferably, the heat exchange assembly includes an air heat exchanger 8 and an air cooler 9 arranged sequentially along the air flow direction. The air heat exchanger 8 and air cooler 9 can be manufactured and supplied by Harbin Turbine Works Co., Ltd., and the available models include: hairpin type, cross-flow type, fixed tube sheet type, and U-tube type. Further preferably, the air cooler 9 includes an air-cooled inlet pipe 9.1 connected to the fast-cooling inlet pipe 4.1 and an air-cooled outlet pipe 9.2 connected to the fast-cooling outlet pipe 4.2. The air-cooled inlet pipe 9.1 is provided with a ninth valve f9, and the air-cooled outlet pipe 9.2 is provided with a tenth valve f10.

[0051] One end of the exhaust pipe 7 is connected to the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber air storage tank, and the other end is connected to the outside. The intake pipe 6 is equipped with a first valve f1, and the exhaust pipe 7 is equipped with a second valve f2. Preferably, along the air flow direction, the exhaust pipe 7 is equipped with an air heater 11 and an expander 12 in sequence. The air heater 11 can be produced and provided by Harbin Turbine Works Co., Ltd., and the models can be selected as: hairpin type, cross-flow type, fixed tube sheet type, U-tube type; the expander 12 can be produced and provided by Shanghai Turbine Co., Ltd., and the models can be selected as: single reheat / double reheat / triple reheat, single cylinder / double cylinder, shaft-mounted / side-mounted, and other different scheme combinations.

[0052] The air storage heat exchanger 2 is installed inside the air storage chamber of the compressed air energy storage unit for air heat exchange. The air storage heat exchanger 2 includes an inlet main pipe 2.1, a heat exchange inlet branch pipe 2.2, a heat exchange outlet branch pipe 2.3, and an outlet main pipe 2.4, all along the flow direction of the circulating coolant. Preferably, there are multiple sets of heat exchange inlet branch pipes 2.2; each heat exchange inlet branch pipe 2.2 and each heat exchange outlet branch pipe 2.3 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; and each set of heat exchange inlet branch pipes 2.2 and / or each heat exchange outlet branch pipe 2.3 is equipped with a pressure measuring element 5. See details. Figure 2Five groups are illustrated here, specifically: heat exchange inlet branch pipe (A1) corresponds to heat exchange outlet branch pipe (A2); heat exchange inlet branch pipe (B1) corresponds to heat exchange outlet branch pipe (B2); heat exchange inlet branch pipe (C1) corresponds to heat exchange outlet branch pipe (C2); heat exchange inlet branch pipe (D1) corresponds to heat exchange outlet branch pipe (D2); and heat exchange inlet branch pipe (E1) corresponds to heat exchange outlet branch pipe (E2). Multiple temperature sensing elements 10 are installed in the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber gas storage tank. These elements can be evenly distributed to accurately reflect the average temperature inside the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber gas storage tank. More preferably, the temperature sensing element 10 is a temperature sensor; and the pressure sensing element 5 is a pressure sensor. In this embodiment, the air storage heat exchanger is equipped with multiple sets of heat exchange inlet and outlet branch pipes, each corresponding to the previous one. Each heat exchange inlet and outlet branch pipe is also equipped with a pressure measuring element 5 (corresponding to a specific pressure measuring point) and an isolation valve f11. Leakage is monitored through the pressure measuring points; if a leak is detected, the isolation valve immediately shuts off that set of heat exchange branch pipes, effectively preventing water leakage into the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber air storage tank. Even if a single set of heat exchange inlet / outlet branch pipes leaks and is isolated, the remaining heat exchange branch pipes can continue to operate without affecting the overall system operation.

[0053] The rapid cooling component, combined with the gas storage heat exchanger 2, enables rapid cooling of the air inside the artificial chamber gas storage of the compressed air energy storage unit. See details... Figure 1 The rapid cooling component includes a mechanical ventilation cooling tower 4. The outlet of the mechanical ventilation cooling tower 4 is connected to the inlet header 2.1 via a rapid cooling inlet pipe 4.1, and the inlet of the mechanical ventilation cooling tower 4 is connected to the outlet header 2.4 via a rapid cooling outlet pipe 4.2. A third valve f3 is provided on the rapid cooling inlet pipe 4.1, and a fourth valve f4 is provided on the rapid cooling outlet pipe 4.2. The mechanical ventilation cooling tower 4 can be manufactured and supplied by Jiangsu Seagull Cooling Tower Co., Ltd., and its structural type is a concrete counter-flow type, with the model NCR-E0E08012-FL3 as an option.

[0054] The temperature regulating component 3, combined with the gas storage heat exchanger 2, enables temperature regulation of the air inside the artificial chamber gas storage tank of the compressed air energy storage unit. The temperature regulating component 3 includes a liquid storage tank 3.1, a temperature regulating component 3.2, a temperature regulating inlet pipe 3.3, and a temperature regulating outlet pipe 3.4. The liquid storage tank 3.1 includes an inlet chamber 3.1.1 and an outlet chamber 3.1.2 that can be independently configured. The temperature regulating component 3.2 is located in the outlet chamber 3.1.2 and is used to regulate the temperature of the liquid. One end of the temperature regulating inlet pipe 3.3 is connected to the inside of the inlet chamber 3.1.1, and the other end is connected to the outlet main pipe 2.4. One end of the temperature regulating outlet pipe 3.4 is connected to the inside of the outlet chamber 3.1.2, and the other end is connected to the inlet main pipe 2.1. The temperature regulating inlet pipe 3.3 is equipped with a fifth valve f5, and the temperature regulating outlet pipe 3.4 is equipped with a sixth valve f6. In this preferred embodiment, the liquid storage tank 3.1 includes an outer shell 3.1.3, an inner shell 3.1.4, a packing layer 3.1.5, an intermediate partition 3.1.6, a gate valve 3.1.7, and a temperature sensing element 3.1.8, as detailed below. Figure 3 The outer shell 3.1.3 is fitted over the outer side of the inner shell 3.1.4 and connected by a support member. A receiving cavity is formed between the outer shell 3.1.3 and the inner shell 3.1.4. The packing layer 3.1.5 is disposed within the receiving cavity for reinforcement and insulation. The inner shell 3.1.4 encloses a liquid storage cavity. A middle partition 3.1.6 is disposed within the liquid storage cavity, dividing it into an inlet cavity 3.1.1 and an outlet cavity 3.1.2. A gate valve 3.1.7 is provided on the middle partition 3.1.6 to control the isolation and communication between the inlet cavity 3.1.1 and the outlet cavity 3.1.2. A temperature sensing element 3.1.8 is disposed within the outlet cavity 3.1.2. The temperature sensing element is a temperature sensor. The heating element is made of a seamless steel pipe on the outside and a heating coil in the center. The space between the seamless steel pipe and the heating coil is filled with an insulating material with good thermal conductivity. The cooler is composed of multiple sets of seamless steel pipes for heat exchange. Multiple sets of annular fins are provided on the outside of the steel pipes to increase the heat exchange area.

[0055] More preferably, the liquid storage tank 3.1 is located underground; the lower end of the liquid inlet chamber 3.1.1 is 10-15 meters higher than the lower end of the liquid outlet chamber 3.1.2; the slide valve 3.1.7 is located at the lower end of the intermediate partition 3.1.6; the temperature regulating component 3.2 includes a heater 3.2.1 and / or a cooler 3.2.2. The heater 3.2.1 is used to heat the liquid in the liquid outlet chamber 3.1.2 and can be a water-electric heater provided by Zhenjiang Hongneng Electric Heating Appliance Co., Ltd., model HN-380v / 160kw; the cooler 3.2.2 is used to cool the liquid in the liquid outlet chamber 3.1.2. The cooler is composed of multiple sets of seamless steel pipes for heat exchange, and multiple sets of annular fins are provided on the outside of the steel pipes to increase the heat exchange area. The heater can be in the form of an electric heating device, which includes a heating element and wiring. The heating element is located inside the liquid outlet chamber 3.1.2 and can heat the liquid in the liquid outlet chamber 3.1.2. The heating element is connected to a power source through wiring. The heating element is surrounded by a seamless steel pipe and has a heating coil in the center. The space between the seamless steel pipe and the heating coil is filled with an insulating material with good thermal conductivity. The cooler is connected to the rapid cooling liquid outlet pipe 4.1 through the cooling liquid inlet pipe 3.2.3 and the rapid cooling liquid outlet pipe 4.2 through the cooling liquid outlet pipe 3.2.4. The cooling liquid inlet pipe 3.2.3 is equipped with a seventh valve f7, and the cooling liquid outlet pipe 3.2.4 is equipped with an eighth valve f8.

[0056] In this embodiment: the liquid storage tank 3.1 includes a middle partition 3.1.6 and a gate valve 3.1.7, which divides the liquid storage chamber in the liquid storage tank 3.1 into an inlet chamber 3.1.1 and an outlet chamber 3.1.2, thus achieving separation between the inlet chamber 3.1.1 and the outlet chamber 3.1.2. This avoids the liquid temperature in the outlet chamber 3.1.2 being affected by the liquid temperature in the inlet chamber 3.1.1, ensuring the stability of the liquid temperature in the outlet chamber 3.1.2. The lower end of the inlet chamber 3.1.1 is higher than the lower end of the outlet chamber 3.1.2, that is, the inlet side is at a high position and the outlet side is at a low position. When the liquid in the outlet chamber 3.1.2 is depleted and needs to be replenished, the gate valve opens, and the liquid in the inlet chamber 3.1.1 flows automatically under the action of gravity. The liquid inlet / outlet chamber is 3.1.2; the liquid storage tank 3.1 is located underground, and the surrounding soil bears part of the load of the liquid inside the liquid storage tank 3.1. The load on the outer shell 3.1.3 and the inner shell 3.1.4 of the tank is reduced accordingly, thus reducing the wall thickness and investment of the liquid storage tank; a packing layer 3.1.5 is provided between the outer shell 3.1.3 and the inner shell 3.1.4 of the tank, and the packing layer is preferably made of heat-insulating packing, which reduces the heat exchange between the liquid inside the liquid storage tank 3.1 and the outside environment, which is conducive to maintaining the regulation and stability of the liquid temperature inside the liquid storage tank 3.1; the liquid storage tank 3.1 is equipped with a temperature regulation component 3.2 including a heater 3.2.1 and / or a cooler 3.2.2 and a temperature measuring element 3.1.8, which can realize effective temperature regulation.

[0057] The operation method of the compressed air energy storage unit artificial chamber gas storage temperature balancing system of this embodiment includes:

[0058] Determine the operating parameters of the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber gas storage facility; these operating parameters include: the maximum operating pressure P of the gas storage facility. g Minimum operating pressure P of the gas storage facility d The highest operating temperature of the gas storage facility is T. g Minimum operating temperature T of the gas storage facility d The normal operating temperature of the gas storage facility is T. c The exhaust temperature T after cooling of air compressor 1 k ;

[0059] The initial inflation stage of the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber gas storage tank specifically includes:

[0060] Step a1: After being pressurized by air compressor 1, the air is cooled by air heat exchanger 8 and air cooler 9 in the heat exchange assembly, and the temperature drops to T. k It enters the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber gas storage cell;

[0061] The air in the artificial chamber of the compressed air energy storage unit is initially at normal temperature and pressure. As air continues to enter, its pressure and temperature rise rapidly according to an adiabatic process. When the air temperature reaches T... g Stop inflating when the time is right;

[0062] Step a2: Connect the rapid cooling component to the gas storage heat exchanger 2. The circulating coolant provided by the rapid cooling component enters the gas storage heat exchanger 2 to cool the air in the artificial chamber of the compressed air energy storage unit. When the air is cooled to T... c Stop cooling at that time;

[0063] Step a3: Make a judgment. If the pressure inside the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber is less than P... d If the initial inflation stage is complete, return to step a1; otherwise, the air pressure in the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber is P. d And the air temperature is T c ;

[0064] The daily inflation and deflation processes of the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber gas storage facility;

[0065] The routine inflation process includes the following steps:

[0066] Step b1: The liquid temperature in the outlet chamber 3.1.2 is maintained at [T] by controlling the heater 3.2.1 and / or cooler 3.2.2 in the temperature control assembly 3. c -20℃, T c -15℃];

[0067] Step b2: After being pressurized by air compressor 1, the air is cooled by air heat exchanger 8 and air cooler 9 in the heat exchange assembly, and the temperature drops to T. k The compressed air energy storage unit begins to fill its artificial chamber with air, and the pressure inside the artificial chamber is increased by P. d Rise to P g When the inflation stops; connect the temperature control component 3 to the gas storage heat exchanger 2; supply cooling to the gas storage heat exchanger 2 through the liquid outlet chamber 3.1.2 of the temperature control component 3 to cool the air and maintain the air temperature in the artificial chamber gas storage tank of the compressed air energy storage unit at [T]. c -5℃, T c +5℃]; The return liquid of the gas storage heat exchanger 2 enters the inlet chamber 3.1.1, at which time the gate valve 3.1.7 is closed, and the inlet chamber 3.1.1 and the outlet chamber 3.1.2 are completely isolated;

[0068] Step b3: The slide gate valve 3.1.7 opens, and the liquid in the inlet chamber 3.1.1 flows into the outlet chamber 3.1.2 by gravity. The temperature of the liquid in the outlet chamber 3.1.2 is maintained at [T] by the heater 3.2.1 and / or cooler 3.2.2 in the temperature control assembly 3. c +15℃, T c +20℃];

[0069] The routine venting process includes: the compressed air energy storage unit begins venting from the artificial chamber air storage tank, with the pressure increasing from P... g Drop to P d When the gas release stops, the temperature also drops during this process. If no heating is applied, it will quickly reach temperature T. d The temperature control component 3 is connected to the gas storage heat exchanger 2; heat is supplied to the gas storage heat exchanger 2 through the liquid outlet chamber 3.1.2 of the temperature control component 3 to heat the air and maintain the air temperature in the artificial chamber of the compressed air energy storage unit at [T]. c -5℃, T c +5℃]; The return liquid of the gas storage heat exchanger 2 enters the inlet chamber 3.1.1. At this time, the gate valve 3.1.7 is closed, and the inlet chamber 3.1.1 and the outlet chamber 3.1.2 are completely isolated.

[0070] Other components in this embodiment whose specific structures are not clearly defined are all existing technologies and can be directly purchased.

[0071] By applying the method described in this embodiment, the temperature inside the gas storage tank can be rapidly cooled during the initial inflation, reducing the initial inflation time. Furthermore, the gas storage tank temperature can be kept stable during daily inflation and deflation, reducing the temperature stress on the tank and improving its safety and reliability.

[0072] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compressed air energy storage plant underground cavern gas storage temperature balancing system, characterized in that, It includes an exhaust and gas supply assembly, a rapid cooling assembly, an air storage heat exchanger (2), and an air temperature control assembly (3); The air supply and exhaust assembly includes an air compressor (1), a heat exchange assembly, an intake pipe (6), and an exhaust pipe (7) arranged sequentially along the air flow direction. The heat exchange assembly is installed on the intake pipe (6) and is used to pressurize the air by the air compressor (1) and then exchange heat through the heat exchange assembly before entering the inlet end of the intake pipe (6). The outlet end of the intake pipe (6) is connected to the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber air storage tank for filling the inside of the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber air storage tank with air. One end of the exhaust pipe (7) is connected to the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber air storage tank, and the other end is connected to the outside. The intake pipe (6) is equipped with a first valve (f1), and the exhaust pipe (7) is equipped with a second valve (f2). The gas storage heat exchanger (2) is installed inside the gas storage tank of the compressed air energy storage unit for heat exchange of air. The gas storage heat exchanger (2) includes an inlet main pipe (2.1), a heat exchange inlet branch pipe (2.2), a heat exchange outlet branch pipe (2.3), and an outlet main pipe (2.4) along the flow direction of the circulating coolant. The rapid cooling component, combined with the gas storage heat exchanger (2), enables rapid cooling of the air inside the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber gas storage tank. The rapid cooling component includes a mechanical ventilation cooling tower (4). The outlet of the mechanical ventilation cooling tower (4) is connected to the inlet main pipe (2.1) through a rapid cooling inlet pipe (4.1), and the inlet of the mechanical ventilation cooling tower (4) is connected to the outlet main pipe (2.4) through a rapid cooling outlet pipe (4.2). A third valve (f3) is provided on the rapid cooling inlet pipe (4.1), and a fourth valve (f4) is provided on the rapid cooling outlet pipe (4.2). The temperature regulating component (3) is combined with the gas storage heat exchanger (2) to achieve temperature regulation of the air inside the artificial chamber gas storage tank of the compressed air energy storage unit. The temperature regulating component (3) includes a liquid storage tank (3.1), a temperature regulating component (3.2), a temperature regulating inlet pipe (3.3), and a temperature regulating outlet pipe (3.4). The liquid storage tank (3.1) includes an inlet chamber (3.1.1) and an outlet chamber (3.1.2) that can be set independently of each other. The temperature regulating component (3.2) is set in the outlet chamber (3.1.1). 3.1.2) is used to regulate the temperature of the liquid; one end of the temperature regulating inlet pipe (3.3) is connected to the inside of the inlet chamber (3.1.1), and the other end is connected to the outlet main pipe (2.4); one end of the temperature regulating outlet pipe (3.4) is connected to the inside of the outlet chamber (3.1.2), and the other end is connected to the inlet main pipe (2.1); the temperature regulating inlet pipe (3.3) is provided with a fifth valve (f5), and the temperature regulating outlet pipe (3.4) is provided with a sixth valve (f6).

2. The compressed air energy storage power unit underground cavern air reservoir temperature balancing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compressed air energy storage unit is equipped with multiple temperature detection elements (10) and multiple pressure detection elements in the artificial chamber air storage tank; The number of heat exchange inlet branch pipes (2.2) is multiple; the heat exchange inlet branch pipes (2.2) and the heat exchange outlet branch pipes (2.3) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; each of the multiple sets of heat exchange inlet branch pipes (2.2) and / or heat exchange outlet branch pipes (2.3) is equipped with a pressure measuring element (5); The temperature detection element (10) is a temperature sensor; the pressure detection element (5) and the pressure detection element are both pressure sensors.

3. The temperature balancing system for the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber gas storage tank according to claim 2, characterized in that the liquid storage tank (3.1) includes an outer shell (3.1.3), an inner shell (3.1.4), a packing layer (3.1.5), an intermediate partition (3.1.6), a gate valve (3.1.7), and a temperature measuring element (3.1.8). The outer casing (3.1.3) is fitted onto the inner casing ( 3.1.4) is connected to the outer side of the box shell (3.1.3) and the inner shell of the box (3.1.4) to form a receiving cavity, and the filling layer (3.1.5) is disposed in the receiving cavity for reinforcement and heat preservation; The inner shell (3.1.4) of the box forms a liquid storage cavity, and the intermediate partition (3.1.6) is disposed in the liquid storage cavity to divide the liquid storage cavity into an inlet cavity (3.1.1) and an outlet cavity (3.1.2); the intermediate partition (3.1.6) is provided with a gate valve (3.1.7) for controlling the isolation and communication between the inlet cavity (3.1.1) and the outlet cavity (3.1.2); The temperature measuring element (3.1.8) is disposed in the liquid outlet chamber (3.1.2); the temperature measuring element is a temperature sensor.

4. The compressed air energy storage power unit underground cavern air reservoir temperature balancing system of claim 3, wherein, The lower end of the inlet chamber (3.1.1) is 10-15 meters higher than the lower end of the outlet chamber (3.1.2); the slide valve (3.1.7) is located at the lower end of the intermediate partition (3.1.6); The liquid storage tank (3.1) is located underground.

5. The compressed air energy storage plant underground cavern air reservoir temperature balancing system of claim 3, wherein, The temperature control assembly (3.2) includes a heater (3.2.1) and / or a cooler (3.2.2), wherein the heater (3.2.1) is used to heat the liquid in the outlet chamber (3.1.2) and the cooler (3.2.2) is used to cool the liquid in the outlet chamber (3.1.2).

6. The compressed air energy storage plant underground cavern air reservoir temperature balancing system of claim 5, wherein, The heater is an electric heating device, which includes a heating element and wiring. The heating element is located inside the liquid outlet chamber (3.1.2) and can heat the liquid in the liquid outlet chamber (3.1.2). The heating element is connected to a power source through wiring. The cooler is connected to the rapid cooling inlet pipe (4.1) via the cooling inlet pipe (3.2.3) and the rapid cooling outlet pipe (4.2) via the cooling outlet pipe (3.2.4); the cooling inlet pipe (3.2.3) is equipped with a seventh valve (f7) and the cooling outlet pipe (3.2.4) is equipped with an eighth valve (f8).

7. The compressed air energy storage power assembly underground cavern air reservoir temperature balancing system of any of claims 1-6, wherein, The heat exchange assembly includes an air heat exchanger (8) and an air cooler (9) arranged sequentially along the air flow direction. The air cooler (9) includes an air-cooled inlet pipe (9.1) connected to the fast-cooling inlet pipe (4.1) and an air-cooled outlet pipe (9.2) connected to the fast-cooling outlet pipe (4.2). The air-cooled inlet pipe (9.1) is provided with a ninth valve (f9) and the air-cooled outlet pipe (9.2) is provided with a tenth valve (f10).

8. The temperature balancing system for the artificial chamber gas storage tank of the compressed air energy storage unit according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Along the direction of air flow, an air heater (11) and an expander (12) are sequentially provided on the exhaust pipe (7).

9. A method for operating a temperature balancing system for an artificial chamber gas storage tank of a compressed air energy storage unit as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Determine the operating parameters of the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber gas storage facility; these operating parameters include: the maximum operating pressure P of the gas storage facility. g Minimum operating pressure P of the gas storage facility d The highest operating temperature of the gas storage facility is T. g Minimum operating temperature T of the gas storage facility d The normal operating temperature of the gas storage facility is T. c The exhaust temperature T after cooling of the air compressor (1) k ; The initial inflation stage of the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber gas storage tank specifically includes: Step a1: After the air is pressurized by the air compressor (1), it is cooled by the air heat exchanger (8) and the air cooler (9) in the heat exchange assembly, and the temperature drops to T. k It enters the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber gas storage cell; The air in the artificial chamber of the compressed air energy storage unit is initially at normal temperature and pressure. As air is continuously introduced, its pressure and temperature rise. When the air temperature reaches T... g Stop inflating when the time is right; Step a2: Connect the rapid cooling component to the gas storage heat exchanger (2). The circulating coolant provided by the rapid cooling component enters the gas storage heat exchanger (2) to cool the air in the artificial chamber of the compressed air energy storage unit. When the air is cooled to T c Stop cooling at that time; Step a3: Make a judgment. If the pressure inside the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber is less than P... d If the initial inflation stage is complete, return to step a1; otherwise, the air pressure in the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber is P. d And the air temperature is T c .

10. The compressed air energy storage plant underground cavern air reservoir temperature balancing system operational method of claim 9, wherein, It also includes the daily inflation and deflation processes of the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber gas storage facility; The routine inflation process includes the following steps: Step b1: The liquid temperature in the outlet chamber (3.1.2) is maintained at [T] by controlling the heater (3.2.1) and / or cooler (3.2.2) in the temperature control assembly (3). c -20℃, T c -15℃]; Step b2: After the air is pressurized by the air compressor (1), it is cooled by the air heat exchanger (8) and the air cooler (9) in the heat exchange assembly, and the temperature drops to T. k The compressed air energy storage unit begins to fill its artificial chamber with air, and the pressure inside the artificial chamber is increased by P. d Rise to P g Stop filling; connect the temperature control component (3) to the gas storage heat exchanger (2); supply cooling to the gas storage heat exchanger (2) through the liquid outlet chamber (3.1.2) of the temperature control component (3) to cool the air and maintain the air temperature in the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber gas storage tank at [T]. c -5℃, T c +5℃]; The return liquid of the gas storage heat exchanger (2) enters the inlet chamber (3.1.1), at which time the gate valve (3.1.7) is closed, and the inlet chamber (3.1.1) and the outlet chamber (3.1.2) are completely isolated; Step b3: The slide gate valve (3.1.7) opens, and the liquid in the inlet chamber (3.1.1) flows into the outlet chamber (3.1.2) by gravity. The temperature of the liquid in the outlet chamber (3.1.2) is maintained at [T] by the heater (3.2.1) and / or cooler (3.2.2) in the temperature control assembly (3). c +15℃, T c +20℃]; The routine venting process includes: the compressed air energy storage unit begins venting from the artificial chamber air storage tank, with the pressure increasing from P... g Drop to P d Stop releasing air; connect the temperature control component (3) to the gas storage heat exchanger (2); supply heat to the gas storage heat exchanger (2) through the liquid outlet chamber (3.1.2) of the temperature control component (3) to heat the air and maintain the air temperature in the compressed air energy storage unit's artificial chamber gas storage tank at [T]. c -5℃, T c +5℃]; The return liquid of the gas storage heat exchanger (2) enters the inlet chamber (3.1.1), at which time the gate valve (3.1.7) is closed, and the inlet chamber (3.1.1) and the outlet chamber (3.1.2) are completely isolated.

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