Head, neck and shoulder fixator

Abstract

The invention discloses a head, neck and shoulder fixator, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments, the head, neck and shoulder fixator comprises a supporting rod, a chest support and a waist support are slidably arranged on the supporting rod, a plurality of first insertion columns are arranged on the supporting rod and are in insertion fit with the chest support and the waist support respectively, and the side wall of the chest support is fixedly connected with one ends of two elastic bands; a back plate is fixedly arranged at the other ends of the two elastic bands, two hook-and-loop fastener strips are arranged on the side wall of the back plate, and hook-and-loop fasteners are arranged on the two side walls of the waist support. Through the arrangement of the transmission wheel, the two mounting plates, the rack, the transmission shaft, the gear and the transmission belt, self-adaptive adjustment of training resistance according to different lower jaw lengths of different patients is realized, so that the lower jaw opening and closing training of any early-stage gradual freezing disease patient can have resistance with a certain training effect, the training effect is ensured, and the operation is simple, convenient and rapid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical appliances, in particular to a head, neck and shoulder fixator. Background Art

[0002] Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a progressive neurodegenerative disease, presents a severe challenge to patients' quality of life due to the irreversible loss of head and neck muscle function. According to a 2024 global multicenter study published in The Lancet Neurology, 92.7% of patients in the middle and late stages of the disease experience head control impairment, 68.3% of whom also experience cervical kyphosis, leading to three major clinical crises.

[0003] In the existing technology, the patient's head, cervical spine and back are fixed with straps and fixed brackets. However, in the early stages of ALS, patients need to perform jaw opening and closing training to train the chewing muscles to maintain independent eating ability and delay motor neuron apoptosis. However, the jaw lengths of different people are different. People with longer jaws not only have heavier jaws, but also have greater torque when their jaws are opened, which makes it difficult to adaptively adjust the appropriate training resistance for different people, and it is impossible to automatically sense the patient's respiratory fatigue and automatically release the training resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention addresses the technical problem that the existing technical solutions are too simple, and provides a solution that is significantly different from the existing technology. Specifically, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a head, neck and shoulder fixator to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a head, neck and shoulder fixer, comprising a chassis, a support rod, a chest support and a waist support slidingly provided on the support rod, a plurality of first plug-in columns provided on the support rod, which are respectively plugged into the chest support and the waist support, the chest support side wall is fixedly connected with one end of two elastic bands, the other end of the two elastic bands is fixedly provided with a back panel, the side wall of the back panel is provided with two magic felt strips, both side walls of the waist support are provided with magic tape, a Y-shaped frame is slidably provided on the back panel, a plurality of second plug-in columns are plugged into the Y-shaped frame and the back panel, the side wall of the Y-shaped frame is provided with a support mechanism for supporting the lower jaw, a resistance mechanism is provided inside the support mechanism, the side wall of the Y-shaped frame is provided with two release mechanisms, a fixed headband is plugged into the top of the Y-shaped frame, and a fixing buckle is fixedly provided at one end of the fixed headband.

[0006] Preferably, the support mechanism includes two support sleeves, two arc-shaped rods, two support shafts and two support plates. The two support plates are fixedly arranged on the side walls of the Y-shaped frame, the two support shafts are movably inserted into the two support plates, one end of the two support sleeves is respectively fixed on the two support shafts, and the two arc-shaped rods are respectively inserted into the inside of the two support sleeves.

[0007] Preferably, the resistance mechanisms include a torsion spring, a spring column and two resistance assemblies, the two resistance assemblies are respectively fixed on the ends of the two support shafts, the two ends of the spring column are sleeved on the two resistance assemblies, one end of the torsion spring is fixed on the outer wall of the spring column, and a pressure plate is fixed in the middle of the Y-shaped frame, and the pressure plate is located above the movable end of the torsion spring.

[0008] Preferably, the two resistance assemblies each include a transmission wheel, two mounting plates, a rack, a transmission shaft, a gear and a transmission belt. The transmission shaft is fixedly arranged on the support shaft, the two mounting plates are fixedly arranged inside the support sleeve, the transmission shaft is rotatably arranged on the two mounting plates, a receiving groove is provided at the bottom of the arc rod, the rack is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the receiving groove, the transmission belt is sleeved on the transmission shaft and the transmission wheel, the gear is fixedly arranged at the end of the transmission shaft, and the gear and the rack are engaged with each other.

[0009] Preferably, an airbag is provided on the surface of the arc-shaped rod.

[0010] Preferably, two deceleration mechanisms are fixedly provided on the side wall of the Y-shaped frame, and both of the deceleration mechanisms include a piston cylinder, a piston plate and a piston hole. The piston cylinder is fixedly provided on the side wall of the Y-shaped frame, the piston plate is movably inserted inside the piston cylinder, and the piston hole is provided on the top of the piston cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the two release mechanisms both include an L-shaped wedge rod, an arcuate plate, several limit plates, a rotating ring, a return spring, a cross rod, a limit cylinder, an inner cylinder, a contact plate and a limit rod. The limit rod is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the Y-shaped frame, and several limit plates are fixedly arranged on the limit rod. One end of the L-shaped wedge rod is fixedly arranged on the bottom of the piston plate, the arcuate plate is fixedly arranged on the other end of the L-shaped wedge rod, the contact plate is fixedly arranged on the end of the support shaft, the inner cylinder is fixedly arranged on the other end of the support shaft, the limit cylinder is slidingly inserted inside the spring column, the rotating ring is rotationally limited and arranged at one end of the limit cylinder, the cross rod is fixedly arranged on the end of the inner cylinder, and the two ends of the return spring are respectively fixedly arranged on the rotating ring and the spring column.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention realizes adaptive adjustment of training resistance according to the different mandibular lengths of different patients by setting a transmission wheel, two mounting plates, a rack, a transmission shaft, a gear and a transmission belt, so that any early-stage ALS patient can have a certain training effect when performing mandibular opening and closing training, thereby ensuring the training effect and being simple, convenient and fast to operate; (2) The present invention, through the arrangement of an L-shaped wedge rod, an arc-shaped plate, a plurality of limit plates, a rotating ring, a reset spring, a cross rod, a limit cylinder, an inner cylinder, a resistance disk and a limit rod, realizes that when the patient is tired from training or the condition is serious, the resistance force on the lower jaw is released through the patient's subconscious shrugging action due to breathing difficulties, thereby avoiding the patient's respiratory muscle fatigue during training, resulting in hypoxia or even suffocation, ensuring the safety of the patient, without the need for manual supervision, with a high degree of automation, and worthy of promotion; (3) The present invention provides the patient with sufficient fatigue recovery time through the arrangement of the piston cylinder, piston plate and piston hole, thereby achieving the effect of interval training and avoiding excessive fatigue of the respiratory muscles caused by frequent training that affects the training effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall back structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the resistance mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional structural diagram showing the positional relationship between the release mechanism and the deceleration mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the release mechanism of the present invention.

[0014] In the figure: 1. Chest support; 2. First plug-in column; 21. Support rod; 3. Lumbar support; 4. Y-shaped frame; 41. Second plug-in column; 5. Support mechanism; 51. Support sleeve; 52. Curved rod; 53. Support shaft; 54. Support plate; 6. Release mechanism; 61. L-shaped wedge rod; 62. Curved plate; 63. Limit plate; 64. Rotating ring; 65. Return spring; 66. Cross rod; 67. Limit cylinder; 68. Inner cylinder; 69 , contact plate; 610, limit rod; 611, piston cylinder; 612, piston plate; 613, piston hole; 7, resistance mechanism; 71, torsion spring; 72, transmission wheel; 73, mounting plate; 74, rack; 75, transmission shaft; 76, gear; 77, spring column; 78, transmission belt; 8, back plate; 81, magic felt strip; 82, magic tape; 84, elastic band; 9, pressure plate; 11, fixed headband; 111, fixing buckle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] See also Figure 1-Figure 7, an embodiment of the present invention provides: a head, neck and shoulder fixer, comprising a support rod 21, a chest support 1 and a waist support 3 are slidably provided on the support rod 21, a plurality of first plug-in columns 2 are provided on the support rod 21, which are respectively plugged into the chest support 1 and the waist support 3, and the side wall of the chest support 1 is fixedly connected with one end of two elastic bands 84, and the other end of the two elastic bands 84 is fixedly provided with a back plate 8, the side wall of the back plate 8 is provided with two magic felt strips 81, and both side walls of the waist support 3 are provided with magic tape 82. A Y-shaped frame 4 is slidably provided on the back plate 8, and a plurality of second plug-in columns 41 are plugged into the Y-shaped frame 4 and the back plate 8, and the side wall of the Y-shaped frame 4 is provided with a support mechanism 5 for supporting the lower jaw, a resistance mechanism 7 is provided inside the support mechanism 5, and two release mechanisms 6 are provided on the side wall of the Y-shaped frame 4, and a fixed headband 11 is plugged into the top of the Y-shaped frame 4, and a fixed buckle 111 is fixed at one end of the fixed headband 11. First, pull out the first plug-in column 2 and the second plug-in column 41, put the device on the patient, and then adjust the positions of the chest support 1, the waist support 3 and the Y-shaped frame 4, and then lock them through the first plug-in column 2 and the second plug-in column 41, and fix them with the magic felt strip 81 and the magic patch 82, then tie the patient's forehead tightly through the fixed headband 11, and lock it with the fixed buckle 111, and then adjust the support mechanism 5 to an appropriate length according to the patient's jaw length, and drive the resistance mechanism 7 to work through the adjustment of the support mechanism 5, and the resistance mechanism 7 adjusts the resistance when the jaw is opened. When the patient is tired from training, the patient will subconsciously shrug to assist breathing. At this time, the patient shrugs and drives the release mechanism 6 to move upward to release the resistance to the patient's jaw, so that the patient's jaw can be opened for mouth breathing.

[0017] Specifically, the support mechanism 5 comprises two support sleeves 51, two curved rods 52, two support shafts 53, and two support plates 54. The two support plates 54 are fixedly mounted on the side walls of the Y-shaped frame 4, and the two support shafts 53 are movably inserted into the two support plates 54. One end of each of the two support sleeves 51 is fixedly mounted on the two support shafts 53, and the two curved rods 52 are inserted into the interior of the two support sleeves 51. The distance of the curved extension can be adjusted according to the length of the patient's lower jaw, achieving a device suitable for most people, with good support effect, a close fit to the patient's lower jaw, and minimal foreign body sensation.

[0018] Specifically, the resistance mechanism 7 includes a torsion spring 71, a spring column 77 and two resistance components. The two resistance components are respectively fixed at the ends of the two support shafts 53. The two ends of the spring column 77 are sleeved on the two resistance components. One end of the torsion spring 71 is fixed on the outer wall of the spring column 77. A pressure plate 9 is fixed in the middle of the Y-shaped frame 4, and the pressure plate 9 is located above the movable end of the torsion spring 71.

[0019] Specifically, the two resistance assemblies each include a transmission wheel 72, two mounting plates 73, a rack 74, a transmission shaft 75, a gear 76 and a transmission belt 78. The transmission shaft 75 is fixedly arranged on the support shaft 53, and the two mounting plates 73 are fixedly arranged inside the support sleeve 51. The transmission shaft 75 is rotatably arranged on the two mounting plates 73. A receiving groove is provided at the bottom of the arc rod 52, and the rack 74 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the receiving groove. The transmission belt 78 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 75 and the transmission wheel 72. The gear 76 is fixedly arranged at the end of the transmission shaft 75, and the gear 76 and the rack 74 are engaged with each other. The movement of the arc rod 52 drives the rack 74 to move, the rack 74 drives the gear 76 to rotate, the gear 76 drives the transmission shaft 75 to rotate, the transmission shaft 75 drives the transmission belt 78 to drive the transmission wheel 72 to rotate, the rotation of the transmission wheel 72 drives the spring column 77 to rotate, and the rotation of the spring column 77 drives the torsion spring 71 to tighten. As the patient's mandible is longer, the corresponding patient's mouth opening torque is greater and the more labor-saving, so the corresponding torsion spring 71 has a higher degree of deformation, and its training resistance increases adaptively; it realizes the adaptive adjustment of the training resistance according to the different mandible lengths of different patients, so that any early-stage ALS patient can have a certain training effect of resistance during the mandible opening and closing training, thereby ensuring its training effect, simple operation, and convenient and fast.

[0020] Specifically, an airbag is provided on the surface of the arc rod 52 .

[0021] Specifically, two deceleration mechanisms are fixedly provided on the side wall of the Y-shaped frame 4. Both of the deceleration mechanisms include a piston cylinder 611, a piston plate 612 and a piston hole 613. The piston cylinder 611 is fixedly provided on the side wall of the Y-shaped frame 4, the piston plate 612 is movably inserted inside the piston cylinder 611, and the piston hole 613 is provided on the top of the piston cylinder 611. The air inside the piston cylinder 611 is squeezed out by the upward movement of the piston plate 612. When the patient recovers from training fatigue, the piston plate 612 is driven downward by the action of the overall gravity, so that negative pressure is formed inside the piston cylinder 611, and air is sucked into the piston cylinder 611 through the piston hole 613. Due to the small setting of the piston hole 613, the piston plate 612 moves downward slowly, giving the patient sufficient fatigue recovery time to achieve the effect of interval training and avoid excessive fatigue of the respiratory muscles caused by frequent training, which affects the training effect.

[0022] Specifically, the two release mechanisms 6 each include an L-shaped wedge rod 61, an arc plate 62, several limit plates 63, a rotating ring 64, a return spring 65, a cross rod 66, a limit cylinder 67, an inner cylinder 68, a contact plate 69 and a limit rod 610. The limit rod 610 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the Y-shaped frame 4, and several limit plates 63 are fixedly arranged on the limit rod 610. One end of the L-shaped wedge rod 61 is fixedly arranged on the bottom of the piston plate 612, and the arc plate 62 is fixedly arranged on the other end of the L-shaped wedge rod 61. The contact plate 69 is fixedly arranged on the end of the support shaft 53, and the inner cylinder 68 is fixedly arranged on the other end of the support shaft 53. The limit cylinder 67 is limited and slidably inserted inside the spring column 77, and the rotating ring 64 is limited and rotated at one end of the limit cylinder 67. The cross rod 66 is fixedly arranged on the end of the inner cylinder 68, and the two ends of the return spring 65 are respectively fixedly arranged inside the rotating ring 64 and the spring column 77. When the patient has difficulty breathing, he or she instinctively shrugs his or her shoulders, thereby lifting the arc plate 62 and the L-shaped wedge rod 61. The L-shaped wedge rod 61 moves against the contact plate 69, and the contact plate 69 drives the inner cylinder 68 of the support shaft 53 and the limiting cylinder 67 to be pulled outward synchronously. The limiting cylinder 67 moves a certain distance and engages with the limiting rod 610 to limit the position, thereby limiting the spring column 77 and the deformed torsion spring 71. At the same time, the movement of the inner cylinder 68 simultaneously drives the cross rod 66 to move, so that the cross rod 66 is separated from the internal engagement limit of the spring column 77. Thereby, the support shaft 53 can be unlocked, and the unlocking of the support rod 21 allows the support sleeve 51 to drive the arc rod 52 to rotate around the support shaft 53, so that the patient's lower jaw is no longer subject to resistance, and it is convenient for the patient to breathe through the mouth independently; when the patient is tired during training or the condition is serious, the resistance to the lower jaw is relieved through the patient's subconscious shrugging action due to difficulty in breathing, avoiding the patient's respiratory muscle fatigue during training, resulting in hypoxia or even suffocation of the patient, ensuring the patient's safety, without the need for manual supervision, with a high degree of automation, and worthy of promotion.

[0023] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A head, neck and shoulder fixator, comprising a support rod (21), a chest support (1) and a waist support (3) being slidably arranged on the support rod (21), characterized in that: The support rod (21) is provided with a plurality of first plug-in columns (2) which are respectively plugged into the chest support (1) and the waist support (3); the side wall of the chest support (1) is fixedly connected with one end of two elastic bands (84); the other end of the two elastic bands (84) is fixedly provided with a back plate (8); the side wall of the back plate (8) is provided with two magic felt strips (81); both side walls of the waist support (3) are provided with magic tape (82); a Y-shaped frame (4) is slidably provided on the back plate (8); the Y-shaped frame (4) and the back plate (8) are plugged with a plurality of second plug-in columns (41); the side wall of the Y-shaped frame (4) is provided with a support mechanism (5) for supporting the lower jaw; a resistance mechanism (7) is provided inside the support mechanism (5); the side wall of the Y-shaped frame (4) is provided with two release mechanisms (6); the top of the Y-shaped frame (4) is plugged with a fixed headband (11); one end of the fixed headband (11) is fixedly provided with a fixing buckle (111).

2. The head, neck and shoulder fixator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support mechanism (5) comprises two support sleeves (51), two arc-shaped rods (52), two support shafts (53) and two support plates (54), wherein the two support plates (54) are fixedly arranged on the side walls of the Y-shaped frame (4), the two support shafts (53) are movably plugged into the two support plates (54), one end of the two support sleeves (51) is fixedly arranged on the two support shafts (53), and the two arc-shaped rods (52) are plugged into the inside of the two support sleeves (51).

3. The head, neck and shoulder fixator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resistance mechanism (7) includes a torsion spring (71), a spring column (77) and two resistance components. The two resistance components are fixedly arranged at the ends of the two support shafts (53), and the two ends of the spring column (77) are sleeved on the two resistance components. One end of the torsion spring (71) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the spring column (77). A pressure plate (9) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the Y-shaped frame (4), and the pressure plate (9) is located above the movable end of the torsion spring (71).

4. The head, neck and shoulder fixator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two resistance assemblies each include a transmission wheel (72), two mounting plates (73), a rack (74), a transmission shaft (75), a gear (76) and a transmission belt (78), wherein the transmission shaft (75) is fixedly arranged on the support shaft (53), the two mounting plates (73) are fixedly arranged inside the support sleeve (51), the transmission shaft (75) is rotatably arranged on the two mounting plates (73), a receiving groove is provided at the bottom of the arc rod (52), the rack (74) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the receiving groove, the transmission belt (78) is sleeved on the transmission shaft (75) and the transmission wheel (72), the gear (76) is fixedly arranged at the end of the transmission shaft (75), and the gear (76) and the rack (74) are meshed with each other.

5. The head, neck and shoulder fixator according to claim 2, characterized in that: An air bag is provided on the surface of the arc-shaped rod (52).

6. The head, neck and shoulder fixator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two deceleration mechanisms are fixedly provided on the side wall of the Y-shaped frame (4), and both of the deceleration mechanisms include a piston cylinder (611), a piston plate (612) and a piston hole (613). The piston cylinder (611) is fixedly provided on the side wall of the Y-shaped frame (4), the piston plate (612) is movably inserted into the interior of the piston cylinder (611), and the piston hole (613) is provided on the top of the piston cylinder (611).

7. The head, neck and shoulder fixator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two release mechanisms (6) each include an L-shaped wedge rod (61), an arc plate (62), a plurality of limit plates (63), a rotating ring (64), a return spring (65), a cross rod (66), a limit cylinder (67), an inner cylinder (68), a contact plate (69) and a limit rod (610), wherein the limit rod (610) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the Y-shaped frame (4), the plurality of limit plates (63) are fixedly arranged on the limit rod (610), one end of the L-shaped wedge rod (61) is fixedly arranged on the bottom of the piston plate (612), the arc plate (62) is fixedly arranged at the other end of the L-shaped wedge rod (61), the abutment plate (69) is fixedly arranged at the end of the support shaft (53), the inner cylinder (68) is fixedly arranged at the other end of the support shaft (53), the limiting cylinder (67) is slidingly inserted inside the spring column (77), the rotating ring (64) is rotationally limited and arranged at one end of the limiting cylinder (67), the cross rod (66) is fixedly arranged at the end of the inner cylinder (68), and the two ends of the return spring (65) are respectively fixedly arranged inside the rotating ring (64) and the spring column (77).

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