Submerged arc furnace waste heat boiler steel ball ash removal system, vertical lifting conveying device of submerged arc furnace waste heat boiler steel ball ash removal system, control system and control method of control system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of submerged arc furnace waste heat boiler ash removal devices, and discloses a submerged arc furnace waste heat boiler steel ball ash removal system, a vertical lifting conveying device of the submerged arc furnace waste heat boiler steel ball ash removal system, a control system and a control method of the control system.The submerged arc furnace waste heat boiler steel ball ash removal system comprises a conveying hopper, and the conveying hopper reciprocates on a guide rail beside a boiler from a starting point to an ending point to convey steel balls; the end point of the guide rail is bent towards one side of the boiler, and the conveying hopper pours the steel balls above the boiler at the end point of the guide rail. The vertical lifting conveying device arranged on one side of the boiler is matched with the control system, so that ash removal work in the boiler can be achieved, the ash removal frequency of the steel balls can be dynamically adjusted according to the ash content, intelligent and automatic operation of steel ball ash removal is achieved, continuous ash removal is achieved in the true sense, and the production efficiency is improved. The device has the beneficial effects of being simple in structure, saving the occupied space of the boiler, reducing the construction cost, and being good in continuity of the ash removal process and good in ash removal effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ash cleaning devices for waste heat boilers of submerged arc furnaces, and in particular to a steel ball ash cleaning system for waste heat boilers of submerged arc furnaces, a vertical lifting and transporting device thereof, a control system, and a control method of the control system. Background Art

[0002] Submerged arc furnaces, also known as electric arc furnaces or resistance furnaces, are primarily used for reducing and smelting raw materials such as ores, carbonaceous reducing agents, and solvents. They primarily produce ferroalloys such as ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferrotungsten, and silicon-manganese alloys. The production process generates large amounts of high-temperature, dusty flue gas. Submerged arc furnace waste heat boilers (WHRSs) are primarily used to recover the waste heat from this high-temperature, dusty flue gas to generate steam for power generation. Once entering the boiler, the flue gas tends to adhere to the boiler's heat exchange tubes, resulting in poor heat transfer, low thermal energy utilization, increased boiler resistance, and impacted stable operation. Currently, passive cleaning methods, such as mechanical brush cleaning, steam (compressed air) blowing, shock wave cleaning, and steel ball cleaning, are the primary methods used to address ash accumulation in WHRSs.

[0003] (1) Mechanical brush cleaning, also known as steel brush cleaning, is based on the principle of fixing steel wool on a brush holder, driving the brush holder through mechanical transmission, and causing the steel wool on the brush holder to rub against the heated surface, thereby achieving cleaning. It has three disadvantages. First, the brush holder is exposed to a high-temperature flue gas environment exceeding 600°C, and the steel material is prone to aging and deformation, which can cause the brush holder to become stuck, and the steel wool is extremely easy to wear and needs to be replaced frequently. Second, the brush holder can only move up and down, and is generally only applicable to horizontal boilers, which occupy a large area. Third, the heated surface must be arranged in series to ensure that there is space to install the brush holder, so the cost of the boiler is high. (2) Steam (compressed air) soot blowing: The principle of steam (air) soot blowing is to instantly inject high-pressure steam (air) to create a certain impact force, blowing off the dust adhering to the heating surface to achieve soot cleaning. Its advantage is that it is easy to maintain; there are two disadvantages. First, steam (compressed air) soot blowing can only be pulsed and cannot achieve continuous soot cleaning of the heating surface. In addition, there are large blind spots, and some areas are dust-free, resulting in serious soot accumulation in local areas and poor soot blowing effect. Second, when steam (compressed air) soot blowing, a large amount of steam (air) is blown into the boiler, which reduces the thermal efficiency of the boiler and wastes a large amount of steam (compressed air), resulting in energy waste.

[0004] (3) Shock wave cleaning is achieved by instantaneously igniting oxygen and acetylene gas in a container of a certain volume, and then impacting the boiler heating surface through a nozzle to blow off the dust. Its advantages and disadvantages are the same as those of steam soot blowing. The advantage is that it is easy to maintain; the disadvantage is that it can only be pulsed and cannot achieve continuous cleaning of the heating surface. In addition, the blind spot is large, and some areas are dust-free, resulting in serious dust accumulation in local areas and poor soot blowing effect. Secondly, the combustion and explosion of acetylene gas and oxygen requires the consumption of a large amount of acetylene gas and oxygen, consumes a lot of energy, and has extremely high operation and maintenance costs. In addition, acetylene gas is flammable and explosive, and is extremely dangerous.

[0005] (4) Steel ball cleaning. In the prior art, the most widely used steel ball cleaning device is a device that scatters steel balls on the furnace top to hit the heating surface, thereby cleaning the dust. For example, the Chinese invention patent with the authorization announcement number CN101701775B, "A steel ball dust removal type submerged arc furnace waste heat boiler", discloses a technical solution: a steel ball dust removal type submerged arc furnace waste heat boiler, which comprises at least a boiler heating surface composed of a serpentine tube group, a boiler flue gas channel forming a sealed channel around the boiler heating surface, and a furnace top and furnace bottom ash hopper, characterized in that the furnace top is arranged There is a steel ball spreading device, and a steel ball separation and collection device is provided below the ash hopper at the bottom of the furnace. A circulating steel ball mechanical transport device is provided between the steel ball spreading device and the steel ball separation and collection device. The circulating steel ball mechanical transport device is composed of a driving wheel, a driven wheel, a double row of chains, a horizontal guide rail, a steel ball transport bucket, and a mechanical unloading stop wheel. The at least one driving wheel and at least three driven wheels are fixed on the boiler frame, and a steel ball transport bucket is hung on the double row of chains surrounding the driving wheel and the driven wheel. A mechanical unloading stop wheel that can overturn the steel ball transport bucket is provided at the top of the furnace.

[0006] The main structure of this invention patent is to arrange a steel ball spreading device on the furnace roof, set up a steel ball separation and collection device below the ash hopper at the furnace bottom, and use the side strips arranged around the boiler to drive several steel buckets to transport the steel balls from the bottom to the furnace roof, thereby effectively removing and collecting the accumulated dust and adhesive dust on the heating surface of the waste heat boiler of the submerged arc furnace, greatly promoting energy conservation and emission reduction technology in the submerged arc furnace smelting industry. This steel ball cleaning method can effectively avoid the problems that occur in other cleaning methods. However, the following problems still exist: First, since there is a certain distance between the steel ball transport buckets of this patent, there is still a time difference in the transfer process, and the transport speed of the transport device cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the ash content in the boiler. Therefore, it may cause all the steel balls in the steel ball separation and collection device to flow out, and the subsequent steel ball transport buckets have not yet poured new steel balls, resulting in insufficient content in the collection device and inability to achieve continuous ash cleaning.

[0007] Secondly, this patented technology uses all mechanical devices with a low degree of automation and no automatic control system, making it impossible to automatically adjust the soot blowing frequency according to the soot blowing effect; Finally, this patented technology cleaning device requires a large number of conveyor belts to be arranged around the boiler, occupying the upper, lower, left and right sides of the boiler, which greatly occupies the limited space of the boiler and affects traffic. In addition, multiple sets of steel ball transport buckets need to be set up around the boiler to transport steel balls, which increases the load on the boiler steel structure and the cost of the cleaning device. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to overcome the problems in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides a steel ball cleaning system for a waste heat boiler of an electric arc furnace and its vertical lifting and transportation device, a control system and a control method of the control system. The cleaning work in the boiler can be achieved only by cooperating with the control system through the vertical lifting and transportation device arranged on one side of the boiler, and the cleaning frequency of the steel balls can be dynamically adjusted according to the ash content, thereby realizing intelligent and automatic operation of the steel ball cleaning, and realizing continuous cleaning in a true sense. It has the beneficial effects of simple structure, saving boiler space, reducing project cost, good continuity of the cleaning process and good cleaning effect.

[0009] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows: A vertical lifting and transporting device includes a transport bucket, which reciprocates from a starting point to an end point on a guide rail next to a boiler to transport steel balls; the end point of the guide rail is bent toward the boiler, and the transport bucket dumps the steel balls from above the boiler at the end point of the guide rail.

[0010] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of this technical solution are: The guide rail guides the transport bucket for proper transport, preventing it from tipping over and spilling the steel balls during transfer. Because the end of the guide rail curves toward the boiler, the transport bucket can tilt along the bend to complete unloading. This transport mechanism only needs to be located on one side of the boiler, and a single set of transport buckets is required to transport the steel balls. This significantly saves boiler space and reduces construction costs, resolving the prior art issue of requiring steel ball transport devices to be arranged circumferentially around the boiler, which occupies significant space and requires multiple sets of steel ball transport buckets, increasing the load on the boiler's steel structure and the cost of the ash cleaning device.

[0011] Preferably, the transport bucket is an eccentric structure, with the center of gravity biased towards the boiler.

[0012] The beneficial effect is that the eccentric structure can keep the transport bucket in contact during the transfer process and at the bend at the end of the guide rail, and is more conducive to unloading the transport bucket into the boiler.

[0013] Further preferably, a counterweight is provided on a side below the transport bucket close to the boiler; the transport bucket is movably connected to a transport frame, and the transport frame drives the transport bucket to move.

[0014] Its beneficial effect is that the setting of the counterweight block further enables the center of gravity of the transport bucket to be maintained on the side close to the boiler, so that the transport bucket can always maintain contact with the guide rail during the transportation process, and when the transport bucket reaches the end of the guide rail, it can naturally tilt toward the boiler side along the bend, thereby dumping steel balls into the boiler; by setting a transport frame movably connected to the transport bucket, the stability of the transport bucket during the transportation process can be further guaranteed.

[0015] Further preferably, the transport bucket is hinged to the transport frame; the transport frame runs on a track, the track is parallel to the guide rail, and the track is higher than the guide rail; a block is provided at the end of the guide rail; the transport bucket receives the steel balls in the boiler at the starting point of the guide rail.

[0016] Its beneficial effects are: this hinged structure allows the transport bucket to tilt toward the boiler side at the end of the guide rail to unload, and return to its original state after unloading; by setting the track higher than the guide rail, when the transport bucket reaches the bend at the end of the guide rail and turns, the conveyor frame can also move upward along the track to reach the end of the track without leaving the track, always maintaining a stable contact with the track, avoiding affecting the normal unloading process of the transport bucket, and can also return along the track when descending; the setting of the block can prevent the transport bucket from continuing to move forward after reaching the end point and leaving the guide rail.

[0017] Further preferably, the transport frame is driven by a driving device, which includes a power device, a sprocket and a chain. The transport frame is fixedly connected to the chain, wherein the power device drives the sprocket to rotate, and the sprocket drives the chain to move in a circular motion, thereby realizing the reciprocating motion of the transport frame.

[0018] Its beneficial effect is that the power device drives the driving sprocket to rotate, the driving sprocket drives the chain to move circularly, and is guided by the driven sprocket at the bottom, thereby realizing the up and down reciprocating motion of the transport frame and the back and forth transfer of the transport bucket.

[0019] The present invention also provides a steel ball cleaning system for a waste heat boiler of an electric arc furnace, comprising a heating surface arranged in the boiler, using the above-mentioned vertical lifting and transportation device, and also comprising a steel ball distribution unit, wherein the steel ball distribution unit comprises a communicating storage bead bucket and a spreader, the transport bucket can pour steel balls into the storage bead bucket, and the spreader is located above the heating surface in the boiler; the steel ball collection bucket at the bottom of the boiler can transfer steel balls into the transport bucket.

[0020] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of this technical solution are: After the storage bead bucket receives the steel balls from the transport bucket, it spreads the steel balls to the heated surface through the spreader. The steel balls pass through the heated surface from top to bottom in turn, cleaning each layer of the heated surface. After the steel balls fall to the bottom of the boiler, they are collected by the steel ball collection bucket. The collected steel balls flow into the transport bucket again, and the transport bucket transports them to the storage bead bucket, realizing the circular transportation of steel balls for cleaning. It eliminates the deformation of the steel brush cleaning brush holder and the wear of the steel wool in the background technology, and solves the problems of many blind spots, poor blowing effect, and energy waste in steam (compressed air) soot blowing and shock wave soot blowing. At the same time, it avoids the problems of high energy consumption, extremely high operation and maintenance costs, and high risk of shock wave cleaning.

[0021] Preferably, the bottom of the bead storage bucket is connected to a bead guide tube, the bead guide tube is connected to the spreader, and the steel balls reach the spreader through the bead guide tube.

[0022] Its beneficial effect is that by setting the bead guide tube and the spreader, the steel balls can pass through the bead guide tube to reach different spreaders to spread the steel balls to clean the heated surface, increasing the contact probability between the steel balls and the heated surface and enhancing the cleaning effect.

[0023] Further preferably, the top of the spreader is provided with a shielding cover fixed to the lower part of the bead guide tube, and the bottom is fixed with a spherical structure; the side of the bead storage bucket is gradually inclined inward from top to bottom.

[0024] Its beneficial effects are: the spherical structure can make the steel balls be thrown evenly onto the heated surface, the shielding cover can block the steel balls that pop up upward, so that they are thrown downward to the heated surface from different angles, further enhancing the uniformity and effectiveness of cleaning; the structure of the bead storage bucket can better collect the steel balls and make them flow into the bead guide tube faster.

[0025] The present invention also provides a control system for controlling the above-mentioned steel ball cleaning system of the waste heat boiler of the electric arc furnace, including a controller; a pressure sensor is provided at the starting point of the track; a level meter is provided in the steel ball collecting bucket; a temperature sensor is provided at the outlet of the boiler; the steel ball distribution unit and the steel ball collecting bucket are both provided with regulating valves; a proximity switch is provided at the end point of the guide rail or track; the pressure sensor, level meter, temperature sensor, regulating valve, proximity switch and drive device are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0026] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of this technical solution are: The pressure sensor is used in conjunction with the controller to control the transportation mechanism to load steel balls at the starting point; the level meter is used in conjunction with the controller to control the delivery frequency of the transportation mechanism; the temperature sensor is used in conjunction with the controller to control the opening of the regulating valve of the steel ball distribution unit; the regulating valve is used in conjunction with the controller to adaptively adjust the flow rate of the steel balls according to the ash content generated in the boiler to meet different cleaning requirements; the proximity switch is used in conjunction with the controller to control the stop of the drive device.

[0027] The present invention also provides a control method of the control system. When cleaning steel balls, the regulating valve of the steel ball distribution unit is opened, and the steel balls flow out of the ball guide pipe, spread through the spreader, hit the heated surface, and then flow into the steel ball collection bucket through the heated surface; when the transport mechanism reaches the starting point, the pressure sensor is triggered, and the controller controls the regulating valve of the steel ball collection bucket to open, and the steel balls in the steel ball collection bucket are collected into the transport bucket. After the transport bucket is loaded, it rises to the end of the guide rail under the action of the driving device and dumps the steel balls into the bead storage bucket, and the transport bucket completes unloading. Among them, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is higher than the set value, the controller controls the regulating valve of the steel ball distribution unit to increase the opening; when the value detected by the level meter is greater than the set value, the controller controls the drive device to increase the driving frequency and enhance the frequency of steel ball conveying; when the transport mechanism reaches the end point, the proximity switch is triggered and the controller controls the drive device to stop driving.

[0028] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of this technical solution are: The ash content in the boiler can be reflected according to the temperature in the boiler, and the cleaning frequency of the steel balls can be dynamically adjusted according to the ash content, thereby realizing intelligent and automatic operation of the steel ball cleaning, greatly reducing the workload of the equipment operators, and solving the problem that the existing steel ball cleaning device in the background technology has a low degree of automation, no automatic control system, and cannot automatically adjust the cleaning frequency according to the ash content in the boiler; at the same time, the controller can remotely control the regulating valve and the transportation mechanism, and interlock the material level meter, temperature sensor with the regulating valve and the transportation mechanism, and then cooperate with the storage bead bucket and the steel ball collection bucket for use, and can dynamically adjust the amount of steel balls falling into the boiler for cleaning according to the ash content, so that the storage bead bucket can always store steel balls, realizing continuous cleaning in a true sense, and solving the problem that the existing cleaning device in the background technology cannot realize continuous cleaning and the existing steel ball cleaning device has a distance between the transport bead buckets and cannot dynamically adjust the transport speed of the transport device, resulting in insufficient steel balls in the steel ball separation and collection device and unable to continuously clean. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall forward structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the lateral structure of the present invention as a whole; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the middle; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the lateral transport mechanism and the bead storage bucket position structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the transport mechanism and boiler position structure in the top view of the present invention.

[0030] Figure numerals: transport bucket 1, inclined surface 11, counterweight block 12, sleeve ring 13, transport frame 2, rotating shaft 21, base 22, connecting column 23, guide rail 3, bend 31, block 32, track 4, inner rail 41, outer rail 42, reducer 5, output shaft 50, drive sprocket 51, chain 52, chain plate 521, driven sprocket 53, bead storage bucket 61, spreader 62, shielding cover 621, rebound block 622, bead guide tube 63, controller 7, pressure sensor 71, level meter 72, temperature sensor 73, regulating valve 74, proximity switch 75, cable 76, boiler 8, heating surface 80, steel balls 81, steel frame 82, supporting beam 83, steel ball collection bucket 84, bead flow tube 85, guide wheel 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0031] Example 1: Figures 1 to 6 The vertical lifting and transporting device shown includes a transport hopper 1, which is used to transport steel balls 81 for cleaning the heating surface 80 inside a boiler 8. The transport hopper 1 reciprocates up and down on a guide rail 3 adjacent to the boiler 8, from its lower starting point to its upper end point, transporting the steel balls 81. Specifically, the guide rail 3 is arranged adjacent to the boiler 8 and extends vertically from top to bottom. The transport hopper 1 receives the cleaned steel balls 81 from within the boiler 8 at the starting point of the guide rail 3 and transports them to the steel ball 81 inlet above the boiler 8 (the end point of the guide rail 3). The end point of the guide rail 3 curves (bends) toward the boiler 8, forming a bend 31. At the end point of the guide rail 3, the transport hopper 1 pours the steel balls 81 from above the boiler 8. Specifically, when the transport hopper 1 reaches the end point of the guide rail 3, due to the curve toward the boiler 8, it gradually tilts toward the boiler 8 along the curved path of the end point, thereby pouring the steel balls 81 inward from above the boiler 8.

[0032] Guide rail 3 guides transport bucket 1 for normal transport, preventing it from tipping over during transfer and spilling the steel balls 81. Because the end of guide rail 3 curves toward boiler 8, transport bucket 1 can tilt along bend 31 to complete unloading. This transport mechanism only needs to be arranged on one side of boiler 8, and a single set of transport buckets 1 can transport the steel balls 81. This significantly saves space within boiler 8 and reduces construction costs. This solves the problem in prior art where the transport device for steel balls 81 needs to be arranged circumferentially around boiler 8, taking up a lot of space, and requiring multiple sets of steel ball transport buckets to transport the steel balls 81, increasing the load on the boiler 8's steel structure and the cost of the cleaning device.

[0033] Example 2: Based on Example 1, the transport bucket 1 is optimally designed. The transport bucket 1 is an eccentric structure, and the center of gravity is biased toward the direction of the boiler 8. Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the side surface of the transport bucket 1 near the boiler 8 is inclined, forming an inclined surface 11. This inclined surface 11 tilts downward from the top toward the boiler 8 during the transport process (before reaching the end of the guide rail 3). This eccentric structure allows the transport bucket 1 to maintain contact with the boiler 8 during the transport process and at the bend 31 at the end of the guide rail 3, and is more conducive to unloading the transport bucket 1 into the boiler 8. The transport bucket 1 can be a trapezoidal bucket structure as a whole.

[0034] Example 3: Based on Example 2, a preferred design is made, in which a counterweight 12 is provided on the side of the lower portion of the transport bucket 1 close to the boiler 8. Specifically, a counterweight 12 is hung below the inclined surface 11, and the weight of the counterweight 12 can be set according to the actual situation on site. The weight of the counterweight 12 set needs to ensure that the center of gravity of the transport bucket 1 is biased toward the boiler 8 side when transporting the steel balls 81. The connection point between the counterweight 12 and the inclined surface 11 is closer to the boiler 8. The setting of the counterweight 12 further enables the center of gravity of the transport bucket 1 to be maintained on the side close to the guide rail 3, so that the transport bucket 1 can always maintain contact with the guide rail 3 during the transportation process. When the transport bucket 1 reaches the end of the guide rail 3, it can naturally tilt toward the boiler 8 side along the bend 31, thereby dumping the steel balls 81 into the boiler 8.

[0035] Furthermore, the transport bucket 1 is movably connected to the transport frame 2, which drives the transport bucket 1. The provision of the transport frame 2 movably connected to the transport bucket 1 further ensures the stability of the transport bucket 1 during transport. It should be noted that while only one set of the transport bucket 1 and transport frame 2 is required in the transport mechanism to meet transport requirements, some figures illustrate two sets to illustrate the transport bucket 1 and transport frame 2 in different positions.

[0036] Specifically, the transport bucket 1 is hinged to the transport frame 2, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, a rotating shaft 21 is provided within the transport frame 2, and the transport bucket 1 is arranged above the rotating shaft 2 and can rotate around the rotating shaft 2. A sleeve ring 13 is provided at the bottom of the transport bucket 1, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft 21, thereby allowing the transport bucket 1 to rotate around the rotating shaft 21. This hinged structure allows the transport bucket 1 to tilt toward the boiler 8 at the end of the guide rail 3 to unload and return to its original position after unloading.

[0037] The transport frame 2 travels back and forth on the track 4 from its lower starting point to its upper end point. The track 4 is parallel to the guide rail 3 and is higher than the guide rail 3, that is, the end point of the track 4 is higher than the end point of the guide rail 3. The track 4 includes an inner rail 41 and an outer rail 42. There are two inner rails 41 and two outer rails 42. The inner rail 41 and the guide rail 3 are located on the side of the transport frame 2 close to the boiler 8, and the outer rail 42 is located on the side of the transport frame 2 away from the boiler 8. This arrangement enables the transport frame to travel upward along the track 4 to the end point of the track 4 when the transport bucket 1 reaches the bend 31 at the end point of the guide rail 3 and turns. It will not leave the track 4 and will always maintain a stable contact with the track 4 to avoid affecting the normal unloading process of the transport bucket 1. It can also return along the track 4 when descending.

[0038] In addition, a guide wheel 9 is installed at the upper position of the inclined surface 11, and the guide wheel 9 can run on the guide rail 3. The installation position of the guide wheel 9 on the inclined surface 11 can enable it to just contact the guide rail 3 and generate a certain contact pressure. The guide wheel 9 is provided with a ring groove in the circumference, and the guide rail 3 is clamped in the ring groove and cooperates with it to avoid derailment and maintain the stability of the transfer process.

[0039] like Figure 2 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the transport frame 2 includes two opposing bases 22. The rotating shaft 21 passes vertically through the two bases 22, and the transport bucket 1 is located between the two bases 22. The bases 22 and the transport bucket 1 do not intersect vertically, which does not affect the normal turning process of the transport bucket 1. The length of the bases 22 is set according to the spacing between the inner rails 41 and the outer rails 42. A guide wheel 9 is mounted at each end of each base 22. The guide wheel 9 can respectively connect with the corresponding inner rail 41 and outer rail 42 and generate a certain contact pressure. The guide wheel 9 is also circumferentially provided with an annular groove. The inner rail 41 and outer rail 42 respectively engage and cooperate with the corresponding annular groove to prevent derailment and maintain stability during the transfer process. Therefore, the transport frame 2 can stably travel on the two inner rails 41 and two outer rails 42 of the track 4 via the guide wheels 9 mounted at both ends of the two bases 22.

[0040] A stopper 32 is provided at the end of guide rail 3 to prevent the transport bucket 1 from continuing forward and disengaging from the guide rail 3 upon reaching the end. At the starting point of guide rail 3, the transport bucket 1 receives the steel balls 81 within the boiler 8. Specifically, the starting point of guide rail 3 is located at the exit for steel balls 81 at the bottom of the boiler 8, where the transport bucket 1 receives the steel balls 81. A stopper 32 can also be provided at the end of track 4. Both track 4 and guide rail 3 can be fixed to the steel frame 82 of the boiler 8.

[0041] Example 4: A preferred design is made based on the above examples. The transport frame 2 is driven by a driving device. The driving device includes a power device, a sprocket and a chain 52. The power device includes a connected motor and a reducer 5. The sprocket and the chain 52 transmit power through engagement. The sprocket includes a driving sprocket 51 and a driven sprocket 53. The driving sprocket 51 is fixed to the top of the track 4, and the driven sprocket 53 is fixed to the bottom of the track 4. The upper and lower ends of the chain 52 are respectively connected to the driving sprocket 51 and the driven sprocket 53.

[0042] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the outer sides of the two bases 22 of the transport frame 2 are each connected to a set of sprockets and chains 52. Connecting posts 23 are vertically fixed to the outer sides of the two bases 22 at the same position. The ends of the connecting posts 23 pass through a chain plate 521 at the same position (height) of the corresponding chain 52 and are fixed thereto. The output shaft 50 of the reducer 5 is connected to both sets of drive sprockets 51. The tops of the two chains 52 are connected to the drive sprockets 51, and the bottoms are connected to the driven sprockets 53. The drive sprockets 51 drive the chains 52 in rotation, while the driven sprockets 53 guide the chains 52. This power unit drives the drive sprockets 51 to rotate, which in turn drives the chains 52 in a circular motion, guided by the driven sprockets 53 at the bottom, thereby achieving the up and down reciprocating motion of the transport frame 2 and the back and forth transport of the transport bucket 1.

[0043] When the transport bucket 1 moves to the end point of the guide rail 3, Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the transport bucket 1 follows the guide rail 3 and tilts toward the boiler 8. Ultimately, the guide wheel 9 stops at the stop 32. Simultaneously, the transport frame 2 moves upward under the action of the drive device, and the transport bucket 1 continues to rise. The transport bucket 1 can then continue to tilt toward the boiler 8 along the rotating shaft 21, thereby dumping the steel balls 81. After the steel balls 81 have been dumped, the motor reverses, and the chain 52 descends, causing the transport bucket 1 to flip back to its original position and drive the transport bucket 1, transport frame 2, and transport bucket 1 downward. Alternatively, the power unit can achieve the up and down reciprocating motion of the transport frame 2 via a steel cable. In this case, the drive device uses a winch, eliminates the driven sprocket 53, and secures the steel cable directly to the transport frame 2.

[0044] Example 5: Based on the above examples, this example further provides a steel ball ash cleaning system for a waste heat boiler of an electric arc furnace using a vertical lifting and transporting device. The system includes a heating surface disposed within the boiler 8 and a steel ball distribution unit. The steel ball distribution unit comprises a communicating bead storage hopper 61 and a spreader 62. The bead storage hopper 61 is located at the top of the boiler 8 and directly below the end point of the guide rail 3. When the transport hopper 1 moves to the end point of the guide rail 3, it tilts toward the boiler 8, thereby dumping steel balls 81 into the bead storage hopper 61. The spreader 62 is located within the boiler 8 and above the heating surface 80. The steel balls 81 at the spreader can completely clean the heating surface 80 from top to bottom. The starting points of the guide rail 3 and the track 4 are both located below the steel ball collecting bucket 84 at the bottom of the boiler 8. A ball flow pipe 85 is connected to the bottom of the steel ball collecting bucket 84. The outlet of the ball flow pipe 85 leads to the opening of the transport bucket 1 located at the starting point. When the transport bucket 1 is at the starting point of the guide rail 3, the steel balls 81 collected in the steel ball collecting bucket 84 flow into the transport bucket 1 through the ball flow pipe 85.

[0045] After the bead storage bucket 61 receives the steel balls 81 from the transport bucket 1, it spreads the steel balls 81 to the heating surface 80 through the spreader 62. The steel balls 81 pass through the heating surface 80 from top to bottom in sequence, and each layer of the heating surface 80 is cleaned. After the steel balls 81 fall to the bottom of the boiler 8, they are collected by the steel ball collecting bucket 84. The collected steel balls 81 flow into the transport bucket 1 again, and the transport bucket 1 is transported to the bead storage bucket 61, realizing the circular transportation of the steel balls 81 for cleaning. This eliminates the problems of deformation of the steel brush cleaning brush holder and wear of the steel wool in the background technology, solves the problems of many blind spots in steam (compressed air) soot blowing and shock wave soot blowing, poor soot blowing effect, and energy waste, and avoids the problems of high energy consumption, extremely high operation and maintenance costs, and high degree of danger of shock wave soot blowing.

[0046] Example 6: Based on Example 5, the bead storage bucket 61 and the spreader 62 are optimally designed. A plurality of bead guide tubes 63 are connected to the bottom of the bead storage bucket 61. The bead guide tubes 63 are connected to different spreaders 62 one by one. The number of bead guide tubes 63 is the same as that of the spreaders 62. Steel balls 81 are stored in the bead storage bucket 61. The steel balls 81 reach the corresponding spreaders 62 through different bead guide tubes 63. By providing a plurality of bead guide tubes 63 and spreaders 62, the steel balls 81 can reach different spreaders 62 through the plurality of bead guide tubes 63. The steel balls 81 are spread to clean the heated surface 80, thereby increasing the contact probability between the steel balls 81 and the heated surface 80 and enhancing the cleaning effect.

[0047] The spreader 62 includes a shielding cover 621 and a rebound block 622, wherein the shielding cover 621 is arranged circumferentially along the bottom of the bead guide tube 63, and the rebound block 622 is located below the outlet of the bead guide tube 63 and is fixedly connected to the bead guide tube 63. The surface of the rebound block 622 is a spherical structure. After the steel balls 81 flow out from the outlet of the bead guide tube 63, they flow to the surface of the rebound block 622 and then rebound to the surroundings. By setting the surface of the rebound block 622 to a spherical structure, the steel balls 81 can be evenly thrown toward the heated surface 80. The shielding cover 621 can block the steel balls 81 that pop up upward, so that they are thrown downward from different angles toward the heated surface 80, further enhancing the uniformity and effectiveness of cleaning. The side surface of the bead storage bucket 61 gradually tilts inward from top to bottom, that is, its opening area gradually decreases from top to bottom. This structure can better collect the steel balls 81 and make them flow into the bead guide tube 63 faster.

[0048] Example 7: Based on the above embodiment, this embodiment also provides a control system for controlling a steel ball cleaning system, including a controller 7. The controller 7 is arranged in a control cabinet (box) below the bottom of the boiler 8 and is used for interlocking control of various functional modules. The controller 7 can be a PLC (programmable logic controller 7) or a microcontroller 7 (MCU).

[0049] A pressure sensor 71 is provided at the starting point of the track 4. The pressure sensor 71 is used in conjunction with the controller 7 to control the transport mechanism to load the steel balls 81 at the starting point. The pressure sensor 71 is arranged on the supporting beam 83 at the starting point of the track 4. The supporting beam 83 is a component of the steel frame 82 of the boiler 8.

[0050] A material level meter 72 is provided in the steel ball collecting hopper 84, and the material level meter 72 is used in conjunction with the controller 7 to control the conveying frequency of the conveying mechanism; A temperature sensor 73 is provided at the outlet of the boiler 8. The temperature sensor 73 cooperates with the controller 7 to control the opening of the regulating valve 74 of the steel ball distribution unit. The outlet of the boiler 8 is the ash outlet at the lower part of the boiler 8. Both the steel ball distribution unit and the steel ball collecting hopper 84 are provided with a regulating valve 74. The regulating valve 74 is used in conjunction with the controller 7 to adaptively adjust the flow rate of the steel balls 81 according to the ash content generated in the boiler 8 to meet different cleaning requirements. The regulating valve 74 of the steel ball distribution unit is set at the inlet of the upper part of the ball guide pipe 63, and the regulating valve 74 of the steel ball collecting hopper 84 is set at its bottom outlet.

[0051] A proximity switch 75 is provided at the end point of the guide rail 3 or the end point of the track 4. The proximity switch 75 is used in conjunction with the controller 7 to control the drive device to stop. If the length of the bend 31 at the end point of the guide rail 3 is set so that the transport bucket 1 can just reach the end point of the track 4 when the transport frame 2 reaches the position of the block 32 of the guide rail 3, the proximity switch 75 is set on the block 32 of the guide rail 3. When the transport bucket 1 reaches the sensing surface position of the proximity switch 75, the controller 7 controls the drive device to stop rotating, and the chain 52 no longer drives the transport frame 2 upward; conversely, the proximity switch 75 is set on the block 32 at the end point of the track 4. When the transport bucket 1 touches the block 32, it stops moving, and the transport frame 2 continues to ascend and reaches the sensing surface position of the proximity switch 75 of the track 4, the controller 7 controls the drive device to stop rotating, and the chain 52 no longer drives the transport frame 2 upward. The use of the proximity switch 75 can reserve a certain control time for the controller 7 to control the drive device to stop, making the timing of its controlled stop more accurate.

[0052] The pressure sensor 71 , the material level meter 72 , the temperature sensor 73 , the regulating valve 74 , the proximity switch 75 and the driving device are all electrically connected to the controller 7 via a cable 76 .

[0053] Example 8: Based on Example 7, this example further provides a control method for a control system. When the boiler 8 needs to be cleaned, the controller 7 controls the regulating valve 74 of the steel ball distribution unit to open, and the steel balls 81 flow out of the ball guide pipe 63, pass through the spreader 62, and hit the heating surface 80. Then, they pass through the heating surface 80 from top to bottom and flow into the steel ball collection bucket 84. When the transport mechanism arrives at the starting point, the transport frame 2 triggers the pressure sensor 71, and the pressure sensor 71 transmits the signal to the controller 7. The controller 7 controls the regulating valve 74 of the steel ball collecting bucket 84 to open, and the steel balls 81 in the steel ball collecting bucket 84 are merged into the transport bucket 1. After the transport bucket 1 is loaded, it rises to the end of the guide rail 3 under the action of the driving device, and pours the steel balls 81 from the top of the boiler 8 into the steel ball distribution unit. When the transport mechanism arrives at the end, the proximity switch 75 will transmit the signal to the controller 7. The controller 7 controls the reducer 5 to stop rotating, and the transport bucket 1 completes unloading, and then continues to control the reducer 5 to reverse, and drives the transport mechanism downward to the starting point through the chain 52, finally realizing the circular transportation and continuous cleaning of the steel balls 81. The stop time between loading steel balls 81 and unloading steel balls 81 of the transport bucket 1 is set according to actual conditions.

[0054] In addition, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 73 is higher than the set value, it means that more soot will be produced in the boiler 8 at this time. The temperature sensor 73 transmits the signal to the controller 7. The controller 7 controls the regulating valve 74 of the steel ball distribution unit to increase the opening, increase the flow of steel balls 81 in the bead storage bucket 61, strengthen the cleaning force of the heating surface 80 in the boiler 8, and further improve the cleaning effect. At the same time, it can also control the driving device to increase the delivery frequency of the steel balls 81. When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 73 is lower than the set value, the above-mentioned regulating valve 74 can be controlled to restore the normal opening and restore the normal delivery frequency.

[0055] When the value detected by the material level meter 72 is greater than the set value, the material level meter 72 transmits a signal to the controller 7. The controller 7 controls the rotation frequency of the reducer 5 in the driving device, increases the transport speed of the chain 52, enhances the conveying frequency of the steel balls 81, and increases the opening of the regulating valve 74 of the steel ball collecting bucket 84 when the transport bucket 1 is loaded, thereby enhancing the unloading speed of the steel balls 81. When the detection value of the material level meter 72 is below the set value, the controller 7 controls the normal rotation of the reducer 5, and the chain 52 also maintains a normal transport rate.

[0056] In this way, the ash content in the boiler 8 can be reflected according to the temperature in the boiler 8, and the cleaning frequency of the steel balls 81 can be dynamically adjusted according to the ash content, thereby realizing intelligent and automatic operation of the steel ball 81 cleaning, greatly reducing the workload of the equipment operators, and solving the problem that the existing steel ball cleaning device in the background technology has a low degree of automation, no automatic control system, and cannot automatically adjust the cleaning frequency according to the ash content in the boiler 8; at the same time, the controller 7 can remotely control the regulating valve 74 and the transportation mechanism, and interlock the material level meter 72 and the temperature sensor 73 with the regulating valve 74 and the transportation mechanism, and then cooperate with the storage bead bucket 61 and the steel ball collection bucket 84 for use, and can dynamically adjust the amount of steel balls 81 falling into the boiler 8 for cleaning according to the ash content, so that the storage bead bucket 61 can always store steel balls 81, truly realizing continuous cleaning, and solving the problem that the existing steel ball cleaning device in the background technology has a distance between the transport bead buckets and cannot dynamically adjust the transport speed of the transport device, resulting in insufficient steel balls 81 in the steel ball 81 separation and collection device and unable to continuously clean.

[0057] The above embodiments merely represent specific implementation methods of the present application. Although the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical concept of the present application, and these modifications and improvements are all within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A vertical lifting and transporting device, characterized in that: The transport bucket (1) includes a transport bucket (1) that reciprocates from a starting point to an end point on a guide rail (3) next to a boiler (8) to transport steel balls (81); the end point of the guide rail (3) is bent toward one side of the boiler (8), and the transport bucket (1) pours the steel balls (81) from above the boiler (8) at the end point of the guide rail (3).

2. A vertical lifting and transporting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transport bucket (1) is an eccentric structure, with its center of gravity oriented toward the boiler (8).

3. A vertical lifting transport device according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that: A counterweight (12) is provided on a side of the transport bucket (1) below and close to the boiler (8); the transport bucket (1) is movably connected to a transport frame (2), and the transport frame (2) drives the transport bucket (1) to move.

4. The vertical lifting and transporting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transport bucket (1) is hinged to the transport frame (2); the transport frame (2) travels on a track (4), the track (4) is parallel to the guide rail (3), and the track (4) is higher than the guide rail (3); a stopper (32) is provided at the end of the guide rail (3); the transport bucket (1) receives the steel ball (81) in the boiler (8) at the starting point of the guide rail (3).

5. The vertical lifting and transporting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transport frame (2) is driven by a driving device, which includes a power device, a sprocket and a chain (52). The transport frame (2) is fixedly connected to the chain (52), wherein the power device drives the sprocket (51) to rotate, and the sprocket drives the chain (52) to move cyclically, thereby realizing the reciprocating motion of the transport frame (2).

6. A steel ball cleaning system for a waste heat boiler of a submerged arc furnace, comprising a heating surface (80) arranged in a boiler (8), characterized in that: The vertical lifting and transporting device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 further includes a steel ball distribution unit, wherein the steel ball distribution unit includes a communicating bead storage bucket (61) and a spreader (62); the transport bucket (1) can pour steel balls (81) into the bead storage bucket (61); the spreader (62) is located above the heating surface (80) in the boiler (8); and the steel ball collecting bucket (84) at the bottom of the boiler (8) can transfer the steel balls (81) into the transport bucket (1).

7. The steel ball cleaning system for waste heat boiler of submerged arc furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the bead storage bucket (61) is connected to a bead guide tube (63), which is connected to the spreader (62), and the steel balls (81) reach the spreader (62) through the bead guide tube (63).

8. The steel ball cleaning system for waste heat boiler of submerged arc furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the spreader (62) is provided with a shielding cover (621) fixed to the lower part of the bead guide tube (63), and the bottom is fixed with a spherical structure; the side surface of the bead storage bucket (61) is gradually inclined inward from top to bottom.

9. A control system, characterized in that: A steel ball cleaning system for a waste heat boiler of an electric arc furnace as claimed in claim 6, comprising a controller (7); a pressure sensor (71) is provided at the starting point of the track (4); a level meter (72) is provided in the steel ball collecting hopper (84); a temperature sensor (73) is provided at the outlet of the boiler (8); the steel ball distribution unit and the steel ball collecting hopper (84) are both provided with a regulating valve (74); a proximity switch (75) is provided at the end point of the guide rail (3) or the track (4); the pressure sensor (71), the level meter (72), the temperature sensor (73), the regulating valve (74), the proximity switch (75) and the driving device are all electrically connected to the controller (7).

10. A control method for the control system according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the steel balls (81) are cleaned, the regulating valve (74) of the steel ball distribution unit is opened, and the steel balls (81) flow out from the ball guide tube (63), spread through the spreader (62), hit the heated surface (80), and then flow into the steel ball collection bucket (84) through the heated surface (80); when the transport mechanism reaches the starting point, the pressure sensor (71) is triggered, and the controller (7) controls the regulating valve (74) of the steel ball collection bucket (84) to open, and the steel balls (81) in the steel ball collection bucket (84) are merged into the transport bucket (1). After the transport bucket (1) is loaded, it rises to the end of the guide rail (3) under the action of the driving device and dumps the steel balls (81) into the storage bucket (61), and the transport bucket (1) completes unloading; When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor (73) is higher than the set value, the controller (7) controls the regulating valve (74) of the steel ball distribution unit to increase the opening; when the value detected by the material level meter (72) is greater than the set value, the controller (7) controls the driving device to increase the driving frequency and enhance the conveying frequency of the steel balls (81); when the transport mechanism reaches the end point, the proximity switch (75) is triggered, and the controller (7) controls the driving device to stop driving.

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