Denture as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of dentures, in particular to a denture and a preparation method and application thereof.The denture comprises a groove body, the groove body comprises a bottom wall, a groove body opening opposite to the bottom wall, a front wall and a rear wall, the front wall and the rear wall extend from the bottom wall to the groove body opening, the groove body is in a U shape, and a colloid layer is arranged on the inner side of the front wall; a first tooth surface contact area is arranged in the middle of the groove body, the front wall comprises a first front wall located in the first tooth surface contact area, the rear wall comprises a first rear wall located in the first tooth surface contact area, the first rear wall inclines from the bottom wall to the opening direction of the groove body and away from the first front wall, an included angle alpha is formed between the first rear wall and the first front wall, and the included angle alpha ranges from 15 degrees to 85 degrees. The first front wall and the first rear wall with the included angle alpha are arranged in the first tooth surface contact area of the groove body, so that the denture can be matched with teeth to be fixed, and the denture is prevented from falling off or being instably worn.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dental trays, in particular to a dental tray, a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] People will cover and bleach or clean their teeth with reagents containing bleaching or cleaning ingredients to have white or healthy teeth. A dental tray is a care device used for teeth whitening and cleaning. People make a dental tray according to the shape of the teeth, apply the reagent in the dental tray, and then hold the dental tray in their mouth. After the teeth are bitten, the reagent in the dental tray comes into contact with the teeth, and the dirt on the surface of the teeth is oxidized and reduced by the reagent. After continuous use, the effect and purpose of whitening or cleaning the teeth can be achieved. Traditional heat-set dental trays cannot be used directly after leaving the factory. Users need to manually process them to obtain a dental tray that is suitable and can be fixed in the mouth.

[0003] Heat-set dental trays are generally made of materials such as EVA or polyethylene. The user first needs to hold the handle in the middle of the dental tray and immerse the dental tray in boiling hot water for about 10 seconds. The wall thickness of the dental tray is more than 2mm to prevent the dental tray from collapsing excessively during the heating process and becoming unusable. After the dental tray is taken out of the hot water, the user needs to shake off the water and quickly put the warm dental tray into the mouth. The user presses the lingual, labial and occlusal surfaces of the teeth with their fingers, and at the same time presses the inner surface of the dental tray with the tongue to squeeze out the air and water inside. At this time, the user leaves an impression of the occlusal surface of the teeth on the dental tray through pressure. After the user presses with their fingers for 10-15 seconds, remove the dental tray, rinse it with water, cut off the excess material along the gum line imprinted on the dental tray with scissors, and finally cut off the handle to get the dental tray. The user then injects tooth bleaching or cleaning gel into the formed dental tray, and then puts the dental tray on the teeth for use.

[0004] During the shaping process of heated and set dental trays, the temperature and heating time window is extremely narrow, and the soaking time needs to be well controlled. If the tray is soaked in hot water for too long, it will quickly soften and lose its pre-formed shape, making it difficult to fit the user's teeth. The high-temperature tray needs to be in direct contact with the teeth during the shaping process, which will cause certain discomfort or damage to the user's gums and teeth. The thick tray is relatively rigid, which limits its fit accuracy with the user's teeth and / or gums. Since the tray has a certain thickness and a certain deformation volume reserved when it leaves the factory, the user is required to adjust and trim the excess material on the outside of the molded tray, resulting in complicated operation, a strong sense of intrusion when wearing, and insufficient comfort, resulting in a poor user experience. In view of the above shortcomings, the dental tray needs to be improved to further reduce the complex operating steps before the use of the tray, so that the tray can be quickly adapted and fixed in the user's mouth. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the technical problems mentioned above that the existing heated and fixed-shaped dental trays are complicated to operate and uncomfortable to wear, the present invention solves the technical problems by adopting the following technical solutions: A dental tray includes a slot body, which includes a bottom wall, a slot body opening opposite to the bottom wall, and a front wall and a rear wall respectively extending from the bottom wall toward the slot body opening. The slot body is arranged in a U-shape, a colloid layer is provided on the inner side of the front wall, and a first tooth surface contact area is provided in the middle of the slot body. The front wall includes a first front wall located in the first tooth surface contact area, and the rear wall includes a first rear wall located in the first tooth surface contact area. The first rear wall is inclined from the bottom wall toward the slot body opening and away from the first front wall. The first rear wall forms an angle α with the first front wall, and the angle α is between 15 and 85 degrees.

[0006] Furthermore, a second tooth surface contact area is provided at both ends of the slot body, the bottom wall width of the first tooth surface contact area is smaller than the bottom wall width of the second tooth surface contact area, and the slot body opening of the first tooth surface contact area is smaller than or equal to the slot body opening of the second tooth surface contact area.

[0007] Furthermore, the dental tray comprises an upper dental tray and a lower dental tray, the dental tray is made of electronic cross-linked polyethylene foam material, and the thickness of the front wall and the rear wall are respectively less than or equal to 1 mm.

[0008] Furthermore, the front wall includes a second front wall located in the second tooth surface contact area, the rear wall includes a second rear wall located in the second tooth surface contact area, and the bottom wall of the second tooth surface contact area extends obliquely from the first tooth surface contact area toward the second tooth surface contact area.

[0009] Furthermore, the second tooth surface contact area is provided with a connecting wall extending from the bottom wall toward the slot opening and connecting the second front wall and the second rear wall. The connecting wall is located at the end of the second tooth surface contact area, close to the second front wall or the second rear wall of the first tooth surface contact area, and its extension length is greater than the extension length of the connecting wall. The cross-section of the second tooth surface contact area is trapezoidal.

[0010] Furthermore, a transition tooth surface contact area is connected between the first tooth surface contact area and the second tooth surface contact area, and the bottom wall of the transition tooth surface contact area widens from the first tooth surface contact area toward the second tooth surface contact area. The rear wall includes a third rear wall located in the transition tooth surface contact area, and the third rear wall forms an angle β with the horizontal plane, and the angle β gradually increases from the first tooth surface contact area to the second tooth surface contact area.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer side of the first rear wall is arranged in an arc shape, the outer side of the second rear wall is arranged in a straight shape, the inner side of the first rear wall is arranged in an arc shape, the inner side of the second rear wall is arranged in a straight shape, the angle α is between 30-80 degrees, and the first rear wall and the third rear wall form an angle γ, and the angle γ is between 120-170 degrees.

[0012] Furthermore, the colloidal layer includes glycerin, propylene glycol, a thickener, peroxide, silicon dioxide, saccharin sodium, a pH regulator, a surfactant, flavor and water, and the viscosity of the colloidal layer is between 100-850 Pa.s.

[0013] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a dental tray, comprising the above dental tray, comprising the following steps: S1, preparing a dental tray, wherein the thickness of the front wall and the back wall thereof are respectively less than 1 mm; S2, preparing a colloid layer, wherein the viscosity of the colloid layer is between 100-850 Pa.s; S3, applying the colloid layer to the front wall of the dental tray, wherein the thickness of the colloid layer is less than 3 mm; S4, packaging the dental tray coated with the colloid layer for standby use.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of a dental tray, comprising the above dental tray, wherein the pre-coated colloid layer thereof is in contact with the outer tooth surface.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention provides a mouth tray with good fit, strong stability, comfortable wearing, and easy operation. The colloid layer of the present invention can whiten or clean teeth. By providing a first front wall and a first rear wall structure with an angle α in the first tooth surface contact area of ​​the groove body, the mouth tray can be fixed to the teeth, thereby preventing the mouth tray from falling off or being unstable when worn. This effectively solves the problems of existing heat-set mouth trays that require user-fabrication, poor fit, and discomfort.

[0016] 2. The present invention provides a method for preparing a denture tray. By adopting a combination of a thin-walled denture tray and a controllable viscosity colloid layer, the method improves fitting accuracy, ease of use, and nursing efficiency. Through the controllable production of the denture tray, the overall weight of the denture tray is greatly reduced, thereby improving the wearing comfort of the denture tray. The pre-coated colloid layer provided by the present invention has been completed at the production end. The pre-coated colloid layer is more uniform and does not require additional application or processing by the user. The pre-coated colloid layer can better contact the outer tooth surface, thereby improving the nursing effect. The ready-to-use design of the present invention improves the convenience of the product and can simplify the operating process. It is suitable for scenarios such as daily home care and travel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA cross-sectional view.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 BB cross-sectional view.

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 1 CC cross-sectional view.

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 1 CC cross-sectional view from another angle.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a top view of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 6 DD cross-sectional view.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram from another angle of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 It is a bottom view of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the present invention containing a colloidal layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Example 1, as Figures 1 to 9 A dental tray is shown, comprising a trough body 1, the trough body 1 comprising a bottom wall 2, a trough body opening 3 opposite to the bottom wall 2, a front wall 4 and a rear wall 5 extending from the bottom wall 2 toward the trough body opening 3, respectively. The trough body 1 is arranged in a U-shape, a colloid layer is provided on the inner side of the front wall 4, a first tooth surface contact area 100 is provided in the middle of the trough body 1, the front wall 4 comprises a first front wall 41 located in the first tooth surface contact area 100, the rear wall 5 comprises a first rear wall 51 located in the first tooth surface contact area 100, the first rear wall 51 is inclined from the bottom wall 2 toward the trough body opening 3 and away from the first front wall 41, the first rear wall 51 forms an angle α with the first front wall 41, and the angle α is between 15-85 degrees. The single weight range is within the range of 0.1g-1g. The present invention belongs to a tooth whitening and tooth desensitization treatment tool, and the dental tray provided by the present invention has the advantages of good fit, strong stability, comfortable wearing, and easy operation. The colloid layer of the present invention can whiten or clean teeth. By providing a first front wall 41 and a first rear wall 51 structure having an included angle α in the first tooth surface contact area 100 of the slot body 1, the dental tray can be fixed in cooperation with the teeth, thereby preventing the dental tray from falling off or being worn unstably, and effectively solving the problems of existing heated and fixed dental trays that require users to process them themselves, have poor fit, and are uncomfortable to wear.

[0029] Specifically, the first rear wall is inclined relative to the first front wall and forms an angle α, so that the internal space of the slot body is more adapted to the curvature and angle of the natural arrangement of the teeth. The inclined structure can better adapt to the curvature changes of the occlusal surface, lingual surface and labial surface of the teeth, reducing the pressure points between the mouthpiece and the gums and tongue, thereby taking into account both fit and wearing comfort. Additionally, the angle α in the range of 15-85 degrees allows the outward-expanding first rear wall to release tongue space, avoiding the pressure caused by the traditional vertical wall design or the overflow of reagents or gels and uneven contact caused by incomplete fit. Additionally, through the design of the inclined angle, the mouthpiece can better fit around the teeth when worn, avoiding the whitening or cleaning effect affected by shaking or falling off during use. Specifically, the slot body is U-shaped, and the angle formed by the first front wall and the first rear wall in the first tooth surface contact area in the middle of the slot body can adapt to different dental arch curvatures. Compared to traditional heat-set trays, the trays provided by the present invention do not require users to heat and soften them, manually press the tongue side to fit and shape them, or cut out excess material, among other complex steps. The trays provided by the present invention are ready for use right out of the factory. Through the structural optimization of the first rear wall's inclined guide engagement, they achieve a stable fixation effect without the need for heat setting, making them adaptable to different user tooth arrangements and improving product usability. The structural fixation effect of the present invention prevents the tray from peeling or becoming loose, and the appropriate fit allows the whitening gel or cleanser to be more evenly distributed on the tooth surface, thereby improving efficiency and shortening the time required to achieve the desired effect.

[0030] In some embodiments, if the angle α is too small, a gap will appear between the mouthpiece and the teeth. If the angle α is too large, it will compress the gums. The angle α is between 15 degrees and 85 degrees. On the one hand, it makes the first back wall closer to the inside of the teeth. On the other hand, the first back wall expands outward to cover a wider tooth surface, which can adapt to the tooth angles of a normal dental arch, and can also adapt to special dentitions such as buck teeth or crossbite. Compared with traditional mouthpieces that need to be fixed by pressing the gums to squeeze out air, the present invention uses the friction force generated by the direct contact between the inclined angle of the first back wall and the tooth surface to reduce the squeezing of the gums and avoid gum redness, swelling or damage. The reverse force generated by the contact between the first back wall and the teeth can resist the forward and backward movement of the mouthpiece in the mouth.

[0031] In some embodiments, the dental tray can be set to different sizes for selection according to age, size, and gender, or can be set to different usage frequencies for selection according to the degree of whitening and health of the teeth required. The dental tray can also be adjusted to accommodate more types of tooth arrangements by adjusting the inclination angle. People can choose according to conditions such as crowded or sparse teeth, thereby expanding the range of people who can use the dental tray. In some embodiments, the colloid layer is pre-applied to the front wall of the dental tray before packaging, and the user can use it immediately after unpacking. In some embodiments, the user can unpack the product package and take out the dental tray according to whitening or cleaning needs, and then add the required colloid layer to the groove body. In some embodiments, the coating thickness of the colloid layer is between 1.5mm and 3mm.

[0032] Compared with traditional hard materials that directly contact the teeth, the colloidal layer has a certain buffering capacity, which can effectively relieve the pressure of the mouthpiece on the teeth and gums, and can fit tightly with the tooth surface during the wearing process. In addition, the colloidal layer is flexible, and its soft properties reduce the friction on the oral soft tissue during wearing, reducing the risk of scratching the lips or tongue. At the same time, the colloidal layer has a certain adhesion, which can play an auxiliary fixing role during wearing. When the user speaks or opens his mouth slightly, the mouthpiece is not easy to shift or fall off. Specifically, the colloidal layer can serve as an active ingredient carrier for whitening agents and anti-sensitive ingredients, which helps to distribute the whitening gel or cleanser more evenly on the tooth surface. The colloidal layer can fill the tiny uneven areas on the tooth surface to form a local closed space to prevent the whitening and cleaning gel from leaking from the edge of the mouthpiece, thereby improving the efficiency of whitening or cleaning.

[0033] like Figure 6 In the shown dental tray, a second tooth surface contact area 200 is provided at each end of the slot body 1, the bottom wall 2 of the first tooth surface contact area 100 has a width smaller than the bottom wall 2 of the second tooth surface contact area 200, and the slot body opening 3 of the first tooth surface contact area 100 is smaller than or equal to the slot body opening 3 of the second tooth surface contact area 200. Furthermore, the teeth are not arranged completely symmetrically in the oral cavity, especially the incisors and canines in the front teeth area and the molars in the back teeth area have differences in width, height and inclination angle. The present invention enables the dental tray to more accurately match different tooth shapes through a partitioned setting, thereby maintaining good retention and improving stability and comfort when worn. The dental tray can adapt to the differences in tooth arrangement between different users, such as crowded and sparse teeth, changes in dental arch shape, etc., and can be used as a universal dental tray without the need for heating, shaping or cutting, thereby lowering the threshold for use.

[0034] In some embodiments, the first tooth surface contact area is used to correspond to the front teeth area or the most curved part of the dental arch. Its bottom wall is narrower and the opening is smaller. It can more tightly wrap slender or densely arranged front teeth, avoiding leakage of reagents or gels or uneven effects due to excessive openings. The second tooth surface contact area is located at both ends of the slot body, corresponding to the back teeth area. Its bottom wall is wider and the opening is larger. It can accommodate wider molars and occlusal curvature, better clamp the back teeth area, and improve the overall fit. On the one hand, it avoids local pressure or incomplete fit caused by uniform width, and on the other hand, it can prevent the mouthpiece from sliding back and forth or falling off during use. In addition, the gums in the front teeth area are more sensitive, and the first tooth surface contact area adopts a narrow opening design to reduce the squeeze on the lip muscles, thereby improving wearing comfort by reducing the stimulation to the labial gums. The gum tissue in the back teeth area is relatively thick, and the provision of a wider second tooth surface contact area can disperse the pressure, avoiding the local pressure discomfort caused by the raised edges of traditional mouthpieces due to the narrow bottom. In some embodiments, the second tooth surface contact area has a larger space and can accommodate more gel, which can meet the larger contact area requirements of the back teeth. The first tooth surface contact area has a relatively small space and can apply less gel to avoid gel accumulation and reduce the outward diffusion of gel to stimulate the gums, while ensuring the whitening and cleaning effects of the front teeth.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 3 The present invention provides a denture support, wherein the front wall 4 includes a second front wall 42 located in the second tooth surface contact area 200, and the rear wall 5 includes a second rear wall 52 located in the second tooth surface contact area 200. The bottom wall 2 of the second tooth surface contact area 200 extends obliquely from the first tooth surface contact area 100 toward the second tooth surface contact area 200. Specifically, the teeth in the oral cavity are not arranged in a straight line, but rather in a U-shaped or parabolic dental arch structure. The bottom wall of the present invention extends obliquely from the middle to the sides, so that the internal space of the groove body conforms to the arc distribution of real teeth, helping the denture support to better wrap around the teeth in different areas, such as from the incisors to the molars, and improve the overall fit. In particular, at both ends of the denture support, the tilted bottom wall of the second tooth surface contact area naturally elevates the rear section of the denture support. The height of the occlusal surface that fits the posterior teeth allows the denture support to be more securely nested in the posterior teeth area, avoiding the posterior teeth area being suspended in the air due to traditional flat surfaces, and reducing the phenomenon of the denture support slipping or falling off due to factors such as biting, talking, and gravity during use.

[0036] Specifically, in the second tooth contact area, due to the larger opening of the slot and the inclined bottom wall, the gel can fully cover the wider tooth surface of the posterior teeth. The inclined bottom wall structure disperses the pressure of the tray on the teeth and gums, avoiding the localized pressure caused by traditional right-angle structures. This is especially true at the ends of the tray, where the second tooth contact area is close to the gums, where the angle of the tilt prevents irritation to soft tissue. Furthermore, the inclined bottom wall in the second tooth contact area reduces the risk of gel accumulation at the edges of the tray, resulting in waste or overflow.

[0037] In some embodiments, when the dental tray is provided on the upper teeth, the bottom wall of the second tooth surface contact area extends from the first tooth surface contact area toward the second tooth surface contact area and tilts from bottom to top. Of course, in some embodiments, in order to adapt to special tooth structures or user needs, when the dental tray is provided on the upper teeth, the bottom wall of the second tooth surface contact area extends from the first tooth surface contact area toward the second tooth surface contact area and tilts from top to bottom. In some embodiments, when the dental tray is provided on the lower teeth, the bottom wall of the second tooth surface contact area extends from the first tooth surface contact area toward the second tooth surface contact area and tilts from top to bottom. Of course, in some embodiments, in order to adapt to special tooth structures or user needs, when the dental tray is provided on the lower teeth, the bottom wall of the second tooth surface contact area extends from the first tooth surface contact area toward the second tooth surface contact area and tilts from bottom to top.

[0038] In some embodiments, the angle between the bottom wall 2 of the second tooth surface contact area 200 and the horizontal plane is between 5 and 45 degrees. In some embodiments, the angle between the bottom wall 2 of the second tooth surface contact area 200 and the horizontal plane is between 20 and 35 degrees. Preferably, in some embodiments, the angle between the bottom wall 2 of the second tooth surface contact area 200 and the horizontal plane is between 10 and 25 degrees.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 8 In the illustrated dental tray, a connecting wall 6 is provided in the second tooth surface contact area 200, extending from the bottom wall 2 toward the slot opening 3 and connecting the second front wall 42 and the second rear wall 52. The connecting wall 6 is located at the end of the second tooth surface contact area 200. Furthermore, the connecting wall connects the second front wall and the second rear wall at the ends, forming a closed frame support structure with an opening. This improves the structural rigidity and deformation resistance of the two ends of the dental tray, making it less prone to collapse or distortion during wear and maintaining good shape stability.

[0040] The rear opening of a traditional dental tray is not blocked, and whitening or cleaning gels can easily overflow from the end and irritate the oral mucosa. Since the teeth in the second tooth surface contact area of ​​the present invention are large and the amount of gel used is large, on the one hand, the connecting wall enables the dental tray to form an edge seal at the end of the second tooth surface contact area, which can prevent the gel from leaking from the end of the dental tray, avoiding irritation to the gums or waste. At the same time, it also reduces the dilution of the gel by saliva entering the groove body, or the situation where saliva and gel are mixed and returned to the mouth. On the other hand, the connecting wall is located at the end of the second tooth surface contact area, which can serve as a transition structure to reduce the friction or pressure between the sharp edge structure of the dental tray and the gums, lips and cheeks, and avoid the discomfort caused by the overly open or sharp ends of traditional dental trays. When worn, the connecting wall can also clamp the back area of ​​the molars to prevent the dental tray from sliding back and forth or falling off.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 3In the illustrated dental tray, the second front wall 42 or the second rear wall 52 near the first tooth surface contact area 100 has an extension length greater than the extension length of the connecting wall 6, and the cross-section of the second tooth surface contact area 200 is trapezoidal. Furthermore, the second front wall or the second rear wall has a longer extension length, which can better wrap the second tooth surface contact area. The second front wall, the second rear wall, and the connecting wall near the first tooth surface contact area constitute the trapezoidal side edges on both sides of the trapezoidal cross-section. Due to the different extension lengths of the second front wall, the second rear wall, and the connecting wall, the extension direction of the bottom wall needs to be inclined. The trapezoidal cross-section makes the groove space more compatible with the shape of the teeth, conforming to the convex curvature of the buccal surface of the posterior teeth from the neck to the occlusal surface, thereby improving the overall fit. Combined with the edge sealing structure formed by the connecting wall, it can effectively prevent the dental tray from sliding or falling off during use.

[0042] In addition, the trapezoidal cross-section makes the edge of the mouthpiece gradually narrower in the contact area of ​​the second tooth surface, making the contact with the gums softer. Compared with right-angled, rectangular cross-sections, or overly wide designs, the gradually transitioning shape can reduce pressure and friction on the gums, reduce the probability of discomfort symptoms such as gum redness, swelling, and pain, improve the user's comfort when wearing the mouthpiece, conform to ergonomic principles, and reduce the foreign body sensation. In addition, the extended length of the connecting wall can adapt to the height difference between the connecting wall and the rear end of the posterior tooth area when the mouthpiece is worn, further improving the sealing of the slot without compressing the gums, so as to reduce gel overflow or reduce saliva from entering the slot.

[0043] In some embodiments, when both the upper and lower teeth are wearing dentures, due to the inclined setting of the bottom wall of the second tooth surface contact area, a certain gap is formed between the second tooth surface contact area of ​​the upper jaw and the second tooth surface contact area of ​​the lower jaw, which can leave a certain space for the tongue to move.

[0044] Figures 1 to 7 In the illustrated dental tray, a transitional tooth surface contact area 300 is connected between the first tooth surface contact area 100 and the second tooth surface contact area 200. The bottom wall 2 of the transitional tooth surface contact area 300 widens from the first tooth surface contact area 100 toward the second tooth surface contact area 200. The rear wall 5 includes a third rear wall 53 located in the transitional tooth surface contact area 300. The third rear wall 53 forms an angle β with the horizontal plane, and the angle β gradually increases from the first tooth surface contact area 100 to the second tooth surface contact area 200. Furthermore, the transitional tooth surface contact area connects the first tooth surface contact area and the second tooth surface contact area, making the overall structure of the slot more coherent. The bottom wall of the transitional tooth surface contact area is designed to gradually widen from narrow to wide, adapting to the trend of teeth gradually increasing in width from incisors to canines and premolars, avoiding local gaps or pressure caused by sudden width differences, and achieving smooth adaptation from the delicate anterior area to the wide molar area.

[0045] Furthermore, the third rear wall forms an angle β with the horizontal plane, and the angle β gradually increases from the first tooth surface contact area to the second tooth surface contact area, so that the dental tray can better match the change in the inclination angle of the teeth from front to back. It can provide moderate support to fit the more upright tooth arrangement in the front area through a small angle, and can enhance the wrapping through a large angle to adapt to the more outward tooth angle in the back area. Through the progressive angle setting, it can fit more closely to the lingual surface of the teeth, reduce gaps, and thereby improve the uniformity of gel distribution.

[0046] In some embodiments, the present invention can be applied to users with irregular tooth arrangement or large dental arch curves. In addition, since the premolar crown has both the narrow characteristics of the front teeth and the convex tendency of the back teeth, the bottom wall widens and the angle of the third back wall gradually changes to form a two-dimensional transition surface and further fits the premolar area. The gradient structure improves the fit between the gingival margin line of the transition tooth surface contact area and the actual gingival line, avoiding the gum irritation caused by the traditional mutation structure, while reducing the infiltration of saliva into the inner side of the denture. Furthermore, the transition tooth surface contact area is designed with a gradient geometric structure, and its bottom wall width gradually changes and the angle of the third back wall gradually changes to form a continuous mechanical support, avoiding the stress concentration of the traditional mutation structure and providing good support between the middle and end of the denture. Preferably, the angle change of the third back wall enhances the engagement effect of the denture on the occlusal surface and lingual surface of the teeth, so that the occlusal pressure is smoothly transmitted between the front and back tooth areas, thereby avoiding the pressure concentration on the transition tooth surface contact area and causing the front tooth area to tilt up.

[0047] In addition, the gradually widening bottom wall cooperates with the angle change of the third back wall, so that the transition tooth surface contact area has a good gel holding capacity. Under the action of the gradual change of the angle β, the colloidal layer of the third back wall of the transition area generates a gradient viscosity during occlusion, so that the viscosity in the front teeth area is small and the viscosity in the back teeth area is large, guiding the gel to flow into the groove of the transition tooth surface contact area. The gel can be evenly distributed on the tooth surface, avoiding local concentrations that are too low or too high, while reducing the risk of gel overflowing from the edge and improving safety of use.

[0048] In some embodiments, the transition tooth surface contact area utilizes a gradual transition structure, avoiding the localized pressure caused by the rigid transitions in traditional mouthpieces. The gradual change in the angle of the third back wall, in conjunction with the overall structure of the mouthpiece, also reduces irritation to the tongue and gums. In some embodiments, the angle between the first back wall and the horizontal plane is smaller than the angle between the second back wall and the horizontal plane, with the angle β lying between the angles of the first back wall and the horizontal plane and the second back wall. In some embodiments, the angle between the second back wall and the horizontal plane is 90 degrees, and the third back wall is curved.

[0049] like Figures 1 to 5The illustrated dental tray has an angle α between 30 and 80 degrees, and the first rear wall 41 and the third rear wall 43 form an angle γ between 120 and 170 degrees. Furthermore, the angle α can affect the friction between the contact surface of the dental tray and the teeth, allowing the dental tray to have a stronger wrapping force on the front teeth. The range of 30 to 80 degrees can optimize the fit of the central area of ​​the dental tray, ensuring sufficient contact area between the first rear wall and the tooth surface, while preventing excessive angles from causing the first rear wall to extend excessively and fail to fit the inner side of the teeth. Additionally, the first tooth surface contact area with the angle α generates a stronger reverse force during occlusion, resisting forward and backward movement of the dental tray and improving stability. This angle range adapts to the natural lingual inclination angle of the front teeth, achieving good physical fit and enhancing the effectiveness of whitening, cleaning agents, or gels. If the inclination angle is too small, that is, less than 30 degrees, the dental tray will not fit tightly or will feel a strong sense of pressure; if the inclination angle is too large, that is, greater than 80 degrees, gaps will appear between the dental tray and the teeth, affecting the gel distribution effect.

[0050] Specifically, the angle between the first back wall and the third back wall is an obtuse angle γ of 120-170 degrees, which helps to form a smooth transition surface, helps to achieve a natural transition of the dental tray from the incisor area to the canine and premolar area, matches the turning angle from the first tooth surface contact area to the transition tooth surface contact area, eliminates the "angle gap" caused by the traditional sudden change angle, and helps the dental tray to better clamp the lingual side of the tooth. The obtuse angle structure of the angle γ reduces the stress concentration at the intersection of the first back wall and the third back wall, avoiding the structural fracture or wearing discomfort caused by the sudden change of angle in the traditional dental tray, and also provides a transition connection for the trapezoidal structure of the subsequent second tooth surface contact area, further ensuring the smoothness of the transition area between the first back wall and the third back wall, and reducing the risk of sharp edges scratching the gums.

[0051] In some embodiments, the teeth in the anterior region are smaller and densely arranged, requiring a more compact angle design. The teeth in the posterior region are wider and the lingual inclination angle varies greatly, requiring a larger angle to accommodate the space. By setting the angle α and the angle γ, the mouthpiece can be adapted to a wider range of tooth types and arrangements, and is particularly suitable for different oral conditions such as sparse teeth, crowded teeth, and curved dental arches. In some embodiments, the width of the bottom wall of the first tooth surface contact zone is less than the width of the bottom wall of the second tooth surface contact zone, and the width of the bottom wall of the second tooth surface contact zone gradually increases from the first tooth surface contact zone to the second tooth surface contact zone. The width of the bottom wall of the transition tooth surface contact zone ranges between the width of the bottom wall of the first tooth surface contact zone and the minimum width of the bottom wall of the second tooth surface contact zone.

[0052] In some embodiments, the bottom wall of the transition tooth surface contact zone is arranged in a sector shape. In some embodiments, the bottom wall width of the second tooth surface contact zone is between 1.5 times and 5 times the bottom wall width of the first tooth surface contact zone.

[0053] like Figures 1 to 9 The illustrated dental tray has a first rear wall 51 with an arc-shaped outer side, and a second rear wall 52 with a straight outer side. The first rear wall 51 has an arc-shaped inner side, and the second rear wall 52 has a straight inner side. Furthermore, the inner side of the first rear wall is arc-shaped to conform to the natural curvature of the lingual surface of the front teeth. The outer side of the first rear wall is also arc-shaped, making the overall wall thickness uniform and avoiding local thinness or stress concentration. The arc-shaped structure can better fit the tooth surface, forming a closed space. By reducing gaps, it prevents whitening and cleaning gels from leaking from the lip and cheek sides, thereby improving the distribution efficiency of the whitening and cleaning gels. The first rear wall, which is arc-shaped both inside and outside, can gently wrap around the front teeth, reducing the sense of pressure and avoiding local friction or irritation caused by traditional right-angle structures. It is suitable for people with sensitive teeth or first-time users.

[0054] Furthermore, both the inner and outer sides of the second posterior wall are straight, which helps improve the overall rigidity of the second tooth surface contact area. Since the teeth in the posterior region are wider and have greater bite forces, a straight structure can better withstand pressure and is less prone to deformation. This straight structure also helps form a stable support framework with the connecting wall and the transition tooth surface contact area. The straight inner side of the second posterior wall allows for precise insertion into the tiny gaps on the lingual side of the teeth, especially in the molar area or areas of crowded dentition, avoiding overwrapping or compression of the gums caused by the inner curved design. It also enhances the retention of the mouthpiece on the lingual side, preventing displacement during oral activity.

[0055] Specifically, the first back wall is set in an arc shape, which helps to disperse the force in the front teeth area. The inner side of the arc of the first back wall can better guide the gel to fit the lingual surface of the teeth. The second back wall is set in a straight shape, which can provide stronger directional support in the back teeth area, help to form a good closed space in the back teeth area, and prevent gel from leaking through the structural combination of soft front and hard back, which not only ensures the fit for whitening and cleaning the teeth, but also enhances the retention performance.

[0056] like Figures 1 to 9A dental tray is shown, comprising an upper tray and a lower tray. The tray comprises one or more of electronically cross-linked polyethylene foam, silicone, thermoplastic elastomer, or a combination thereof, with the front wall 4 and back wall 5 having a thickness of less than or equal to 1 mm. Specifically, the electronically cross-linked polyethylene foam, silicone, and thermoplastic elastomer have excellent flexibility and resilience, and can adapt to the slight undulations on the tooth surface. Additionally, silicone and thermoplastic elastomer are biocompatible and non-toxic to the gums. Furthermore, the electronically cross-linked polyethylene foam is made using an electron beam irradiation process, making it soft and breathable, and thus avoiding compression of the gums that can cause ischemia or sensitivity. Specifically, the setting of the front and back walls of the tray being less than or equal to 1 mm in thickness reduces the overall thickness of the tray, significantly reducing the overall weight of the tray. The tray feels almost weightless when worn, reduces pressure on the tongue, lips, and cheek soft tissue, and improves user tolerance. Compared to traditional heat-set trays with a thickness of more than 2 mm, this solution is thinner and lighter to wear, with less foreign body sensation, making it particularly suitable for users with sensitive gums or first-time tray users.

[0057] Specifically, the front and back walls of a dental tray made of electronically cross-linked polyethylene foam are less than 1mm thick, preferably 0.15-0.5mm, and more preferably 0.2mm thick. The expansion ratio is less than 10 times, with a tensile strength of 2-3 MPa, a tensile force of 1-2 kgf, and an elongation of 80%-150%. Furthermore, the cross-linked polyethylene foam has a smooth surface, a uniform and fine closed-cell structure, and low water absorption, enabling the gel to remain stably adsorbed on the front wall. Specifically, the elastic modulus of a dental tray made of silicone material is controlled within the range of 0.5-1.5 MPa, ensuring flexibility and adaptability to arch deformation. The Shore hardness is controlled between 30-50 degrees, balancing wearer comfort and structural support. Specifically, the dental tray made of thermoplastic elastomer or its combination has a melt flow rate (180°C / 2.16 kg) in the range of 50.0-100.0 g / 10 min and a density of 1.0-1.6 g / cm 3 In some embodiments, materials such as electronic cross-linked polyethylene foam, silicone, and thermoplastic elastomers can be formed with high precision through injection molding or compression molding. The thin-walled structure facilitates demolding and detail restoration, ensuring the formation of features in various areas of the tray, such as the transition tooth surface contact area and the connecting wall.

[0058] Furthermore, the flexible material has a certain degree of deformation ability, which can better conform to the shape of the teeth during wearing. The thinner wall thickness helps to improve the contact accuracy between the inner cavity of the tray and the tooth surface and reduce gaps, which can effectively prevent whitening and cleaning gel from overflowing from the edge and improve care efficiency.

[0059] In some embodiments, a wall thickness of 1 mm or less can significantly reduce material usage, lower production costs, and reduce plastic or polymer waste, aligning with current environmental trends and being more cost-effective for disposable products. Preferably, the front wall 4 and rear wall 5 have a thickness between 0.15 and 0.8 mm, respectively. More preferably, the front wall 4 and rear wall 5 have a thickness of 0.2 mm, respectively.

[0060] The upper and lower dental trays of the present invention have the same structure and are highly adaptable to the upper and lower teeth, which reduces the user's identification process and reduces the production process. The present invention adopts flexible materials and reduces the wall thickness, gets rid of the dependence on the heating and shaping process, and the user does not need to perform operations such as heating, biting, and cutting. It can be used after opening the package, which greatly simplifies the use process. The whitening gel or tooth cleaning gel is pre-applied on the front wall of the dental tray before leaving the factory. When in use, the user opens the package and puts the dental trays on the upper and lower teeth respectively. After the colloidal layer used for whitening or cleaning contacts the tooth surface for 5-10 minutes, the user takes off the dental trays of the upper and lower teeth respectively, and then the user rinses and cleans the teeth.

[0061] like Figures 1 to 9 The viscosity of the colloid layer of a dental tray shown is between 100-850 Pa.s, and the density of the colloid layer is 1.1-1.4 g / mL. In some embodiments, when the colloid layer is lower than 100 Pa·s, the colloid is too thin and easy to flow, and cannot adhere to the front wall of the dental tray. When the colloid layer is higher than 850 Pa·s, the colloid is too thick, making it difficult to wear and difficult to expel air. The viscosity of the colloid layer is controlled between 100-850 Pa·s, which not only ensures good fluidity to adapt to the tooth shape and achieve dynamic fitting, but also does not prevent the inability to maintain coverage of the tooth surface or cause the dental tray to slip due to too low viscosity. The colloid layer is continuously applied from one end of the dental tray to the other end, and the continuous length is 76-106 mm. The colloid layer is pre-applied to the front wall 4 of the dental tray and then packaged. The user can use it immediately after unpacking. The thickness of the colloid layer is between 2.0 mm and 2.5 mm.

[0062] The colloid layer comprises glycerin, propylene glycol, thickener, peroxide, silicon dioxide, saccharin sodium, triethanolamine, sodium lauryl sulfate, essence and water. Among them, the colloid layer comprises hydrogen peroxide gel and phthalimide peroxycaproic acid gel.

[0063] Specifically, hydrogen peroxide can effectively penetrate tooth enamel, breaking down pigment molecules to achieve a discoloration and whitening effect. A 35% aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide ensures sufficient active oxygen release to ensure whitening efficiency while avoiding excessive irritation to tooth enamel and gums. Combined with a thin-walled tray structure, the gel allows for more uniform contact with the tooth surface, achieving gentle and effective tooth whitening, thereby improving overall whitening consistency. Specifically, carbomer, as a gel matrix, can form a three-dimensional network structure, providing an appropriate viscosity, giving the gel good thixotropy and suspension stability, ensuring uniform distribution and adhesion of the active ingredients. The network structure can adsorb and slowly release hydrogen peroxide, reducing the irritation of instantaneous high concentrations on the gums. Hydrogen peroxide is gradually released with water or oral saliva, further prolonging the bleaching effect. The carboxylic acid groups in the carbomer molecule must be neutralized to form carboxylate salts before the molecular chain can extend to form a three-dimensional network structure and achieve high viscosity. Triethanolamine or citric acid, as pH adjusters, can gently control the pH of the gel between 6 and 7, ensuring the thickening effect of carbomer.

[0064] Phthalimide peroxycaproic acid can decompose pigment molecules by releasing reactive oxygen free radicals, achieving discoloration and whitening. Compared with high-concentration hydrogen peroxide, the decomposition products of phthalimide peroxycaproic acid are less irritating to tooth enamel and gums. Through the regulation of the glycerol / propylene glycol solvent system and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose sustained-release structure, the risk of damage to soft tissue is further reduced. It is more suitable for long-term or frequent use and is suitable for people with sensitive gums. Specifically, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, as a thickener and gel matrix, forms a three-dimensional network structure in water, giving the gel good thixotropy and suspension stability, providing appropriate viscosity, and ensuring that the gel has good formability and adhesion. The network structure can adsorb and slowly release phthalimide peroxycaproic acid, reducing the irritation of instantaneous high concentrations to the gums, while prolonging the bleaching effect time.

[0065] Glycerin, as a humectant, forms a hydrogen bond network within the gel, absorbing ambient moisture and reducing internal water evaporation, ensuring that hydrogen peroxide maintains stable activity during storage and use. It acts as a viscous matrix to slow the release of hydrogen peroxide, preventing local high-concentration irritation to the gums while extending the contact time between the bleaching agent and the tooth surface. Furthermore, propylene glycol, as a penetration enhancer, reduces tooth surface tension, helping hydrogen peroxide penetrate into the enamel micropores and dentinal tubules, enhancing the removal of deep pigments. Propylene glycol and glycerin synergistically adjust the gel's viscosity, ensuring that the gel is less prone to delamination and cracking during storage and use. Propylene glycol also lowers the gelling point, expanding the storage temperature range of the gel.

[0066] Silica increases the gel's thixotropy, making it viscous when at rest and fluid when stressed, making it easier to control the application thickness. It also enhances the gel's mechanical strength, preventing breakage or deformation during use. The fine particles gently abrade the tooth surface, assisting in the physical removal of exogenous pigments such as tea and smoke stains, complementing chemical bleaching. In some embodiments, nano-sized silica is used. The microchannels formed by the micron-sized particles promote the diffusion of hydrogen peroxide or phthalimide peroxycaproic acid deep into the tooth enamel, improving the removal efficiency of stubborn pigments.

[0067] Sodium saccharin, as a sweetener, can improve the gel's taste, mask the bitter taste of hydrogen peroxide, reduce discomfort during use, and increase user acceptance. Flavoring can impart a pleasant aroma to the product, enhancing the user experience. Sodium lauryl sulfate, as a surfactant, helps reduce the gel's surface tension, moisturizes the tooth surface, and promotes the penetration of whitening ingredients. Sodium lauryl sulfate also has mild detergency, assisting in the removal of grease and plaque from the tooth surface. Water, as the primary solvent, dissolves carbomer. A moderate amount of water maintains the activity of hydrogen peroxide, preventing ineffectiveness due to excessive drying.

[0068] Specifically, all components are made of food-grade or medical-grade raw materials and do not contain volatile organic solvents, preservatives and other harmful substances; the ingredients in the formula have good compatibility and will not cause obvious irritation to tooth enamel or gum tissue; after use, only rinse with clean water, no residue, safe and environmentally friendly.

[0069] For hydrogen peroxide gel, calculated by mass, it includes the following components: 20-30 parts of glycerin, 30-40 parts of propylene glycol, 3-5 parts of carbomer, 15-20 parts of 35% hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution, 1-2 parts of silicon dioxide, 0.1-0.5 parts of saccharin sodium, 0.5-1 parts of triethanolamine, 0.5-1.5 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate, 0.5-1.5 parts of flavor and 12-20 parts of water.

[0070] Phthalimide peroxycaproic acid gel, calculated by mass, includes the following components: 20-30 parts of glycerin, 30-40 parts of propylene glycol, 2-3 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 10-15 parts of phthalimide peroxycaproic acid, 1-2 parts of silicon dioxide, 0.1-0.5 parts of saccharin sodium, 0.5-1 parts of triethanolamine, 0.5-1.5 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate, 0.5-1.5 parts of flavor and 15-25 parts of water.

[0071] An application of a dental tray, comprising the above-described dental tray, wherein a pre-coated colloid layer is applied to the outer tooth surface. The close fit of the colloid layer to the outer tooth surface reduces the intrusion of saliva, forms a locally closed environment, and slows the loss of the colloid layer. Combined with the precise adaptation of the split structure of the dental tray to the upper and lower jaws, the colloid layer can act on the outer tooth surface for a long time, enhancing the redox reaction or dirt decomposition effect. The colloid layer is less than 3mm thick and has a moderate viscosity, which can avoid pressure or foreign body sensation caused by excessive thickness, avoid irritation of the gums caused by excessive diffusion of the colloid layer to the gum area, and prevent insufficient retention caused by excessive thinness. The pre-coated colloid layer allows the gel to be evenly distributed on the outer surface of the teeth, avoiding local accumulation or omission, and improving the uniformity of the whitening or cleaning effect. The colloid layer has a certain buffering capacity, reducing the feeling of pressure. The colloid layer has a certain adhesion and can play an auxiliary fixing role during wear; when the user speaks, swallows, or slightly opens the mouth, the dental tray is not likely to shift or fall off.

[0072] Example 2. Based on Example 1, Example 2 further has the following implementation: angle α is between 60 and 80 degrees, angle γ is formed between the first rear wall 41 and the third rear wall 43, and angle γ is between 125 and 150 degrees. The minimum width of the bottom wall 2 of the second tooth surface contact area 200 is twice the width of the bottom wall 2 of the first tooth surface contact area 100, the minimum width of the bottom wall 2 of the second tooth surface contact area 200 is four times the width of the bottom wall 2 of the first tooth surface contact area 100, the minimum width of the bottom wall 2 of the transition tooth surface contact area 300 is equal to the width of the bottom wall 2 of the first tooth surface contact area 100, and the maximum width of the bottom wall 2 of the transition tooth surface contact area 300 is equal to the minimum width of the bottom wall 2 of the second tooth surface contact area 200.

[0073] Example 3. Based on Example 1, Example 3 further has the following implementation: angle α is between 30 and 45 degrees, angle γ is formed between the first rear wall 41 and the third rear wall 43, and angle γ is between 145 and 165 degrees. The minimum width of the bottom wall 2 of the second tooth surface contact area 200 is 2.5 times the width of the bottom wall 2 of the first tooth surface contact area 100, the minimum width of the bottom wall 2 of the second tooth surface contact area 200 is 3.5 times the width of the bottom wall 2 of the first tooth surface contact area 100, the minimum width of the bottom wall 2 of the transition tooth surface contact area 300 is equal to the width of the bottom wall 2 of the first tooth surface contact area 100, and the maximum width of the bottom wall 2 of the transition tooth surface contact area 300 is equal to the minimum width of the bottom wall 2 of the second tooth surface contact area 200.

[0074] Example 4: Based on Example 1, Example 4 further has the following implementation: A method for preparing a dental tray, including the above dental tray, comprising the following steps: S1. Prepare a denture with a front wall and a back wall thickness of less than 1 mm respectively. Compared with a traditional heat-setting denture with a thickness of more than 2 mm, the front wall and the back wall thickness of the denture are less than 1 mm respectively. The thin-wall structure fits the tooth surface better, which can not only reduce the overall thickness of the denture, reduce the foreign body sensation, and improve user acceptance, but also reduce the overall weight of the denture. When worn, the pressure of the denture on soft tissues such as the tongue, lips and cheeks is greatly reduced, and it is suitable for ready-to-use, heat-free denture products. In some embodiments, the denture includes 70-80 parts of low-density polyethylene, 5-10 parts of high-density polyethylene, 0.2-0.5 parts of antioxidant 1010, 0.2-0.5 parts of distearyl thiodipropionate, 1-3 parts of surface modifier, 1-3 parts of triallyl isocyanurate, 0.5-1 parts of modified nano zinc oxide, 0.3-0.5 parts of talc, 5-7 parts of azodicarbonamide, and 1-3 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene.

[0075] Specifically, low-density polyethylene is suitable for thin-wall structures, has good flexibility and foaming properties, and further provides closed-cell structure and processing properties. The high-density polyethylene crystalline region is more resistant to oxidation, can enhance rigidity, and reduce hydrogen peroxide penetration. Antioxidant 1010 can prevent oxidative degradation during high-temperature processing or irradiation, and can also capture free radicals when in contact with the gel. Distearyl thiodipropionate can cooperate with antioxidants to improve long-term thermal stability and can also decompose hydrogen peroxide when in contact with the gel. Modified nano zinc oxide is modified by soaking in KH-550, which can be antibacterial, improve the pore structure, and enhance the hydrogen peroxide resistance. The surface modifier is sprayed on the inner side of the front wall, which can adjust the contact angle to 45°-60° and enhance gel adsorption. The surface modifier includes 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate in a mass ratio of 7:3, ethyl acetate and acetone in a volume ratio of 3:1, and the solid content of the surface modifier is between 10-15%. Acrylic acid- 2-Ethylhexyl ester can limit the penetration of hydrogen peroxide, and methyl methacrylate can regulate the adsorption effect of the gel. Triallyl isocyanurate can improve the efficiency of radiation cross-linking and enhance solvent resistance. Talc can serve as a nucleating agent and can also adjust the pore structure. Azodicarbonamide is used as a chemical foaming agent, and by controlling the decomposition temperature to match the cross-linking process, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene can improve the dispersibility of polar materials such as nano-zinc oxide and talc. Although the closed-cell structure of electronic cross-linked polyethylene foam material has a certain degree of chemical resistance, hydrogen peroxide, as a strong oxidant, can trigger free radical reactions, leading to polymer chain breakage and surface corrosion. The surface of the dental tray prepared with electronic cross-linked polyethylene foam material must maintain a contact angle of 45°-60° with the aqueous gel to ensure gel adsorption and avoid gel penetration or hydrophobic shedding.

[0076] The dental tray comprises the following preparation steps: T1. Weighing the components, adding the raw materials separately into a high-speed mixer for mixing, and then discharging the materials into a twin-screw extruder for granulation. The steps include first adding low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) into the high-speed mixer and preheating them at 100°C for 5 minutes. Antioxidant 1010 and distearyl thiodipropionate are then added and mixed for 3 minutes. Triallyl isocyanurate, modified nano-zinc oxide, and talc are then added and mixed for 5 minutes. Azodicarbonamide and maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene are then added and mixed for 5 minutes to obtain a mixture. The mixture is then granulated at 120-140°C. T2. The granules are added into a mold and pressed, and demolded to obtain a pre-foamed body. The pressing temperature is 120-130°C to partially decompose the azodicarbonamide and soften the LDPE and HDPE. The pressing pressure is 5-8 MPa and the pressing time is between 10-15 minutes. T3. Electron beam radiation cross-linking to obtain a radiation blank; under nitrogen protection, the electron beam energy is 2-3 MeV, the radiation dose is 25-35 kGy, and the scanning speed is between 8-10 m / min. T4. The radiation blank is placed in a high-temperature mold, water-cooled to 40°C and demolded to obtain a preform; the temperature is between 180-190°C, the pressure is 1-2 MPa, and the time is 8-10 minutes. T5. The inner side of the front wall of the preform is coated with a surface modifier, dried and solidified, and sterilized to obtain a dental tray; the surface modifier is coated to a thickness of 10-20 μm, and hot air drying is carried out at 60°C for 10 minutes, and sterilization is performed using ethylene oxide.

[0077] S2. Prepare a colloidal layer, wherein the viscosity of the colloidal layer is between 100-850 Pa·s. The colloidal layer with a viscosity of 100-850 Pa·s has good fluidity and adhesion, can closely adhere to the tooth surface, and can fill small uneven areas of the teeth. The groove of the dental tray forms a local closed space, which can prevent the leakage of the whitening and cleaning gel, thereby improving the care effect and enhancing the efficiency of the gel. Specifically, the hydrogen peroxide gel has the following production steps: M1 and carbomer are first mixed with silica, and some water is added for high-speed dispersion to obtain a first mixed solution, which is then allowed to stand for 0.5-2 hours before use. Through the pre-mixing and high-speed dispersion of carbomer and silica, an "organic-inorganic" composite thickening network is formed. Silica absorbs water molecules through hydrogen bonds, filling the network gaps and enhancing the gel's shear resistance. High-speed dispersion can break up carbomer agglomerates and promote full contact between its hydroxyl groups and water molecules. Static swelling allows the molecular chains to fully stretch, and the carbomer absorbs water and swells to form a three-dimensional network structure, providing basic viscosity.

[0078] M2. Add a pH adjuster to the first mixed solution and adjust the pH value to 6.0-7.0. Stir at a low speed until the pH is uniform. Controlling the pH at 6.0-7.0 promotes the ionization of the carbomer carboxylic acid groups, causing the molecular chains to stretch due to electrostatic repulsion, thereby maximizing the thickening effect. Furthermore, the mixture can be left to stand for 0.5-1 hour to complete the carbomer thickening.

[0079] M3. Stir saccharin sodium, surfactant, flavor and remaining water evenly, and mix with glycerol and propylene glycol to obtain a second mixed solution; when the surfactant directly contacts carbomer, flocculent precipitate is formed due to the effect of charge. The stepwise mixing of glycerol and water can reduce the surface tension of the system. This step makes the osmotic pressure of the second mixed solution close to that of the first mixed solution, reduces the viscosity mutation during mixing, and improves the overall system stability.

[0080] M4. Gradually add the second mixed liquid to the first mixed liquid and stir at a low speed to obtain a mixed phase; gradually add the second mixed liquid to the first mixed liquid to avoid excessive local osmotic pressure that causes carbomer precipitation and ensure uniform distribution of the thickening network; low-speed stirring can reduce the damage of mechanical shear to the carbomer molecular chain and reduce the amount of bubble entrainment.

[0081] M5. Add a 35% by mass aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution to the mixed phase, add a pH adjuster, and stir at low temperature and low speed. Low temperature control can inhibit the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and reduce the risk of irritation caused by excessive local concentration of hydrogen peroxide. Low-speed stirring can reduce heat generation and bubble formation due to friction, while also preventing hydrogen peroxide from contacting residual metal ions Fe³ in mechanical equipment and accelerating decomposition. Preferably, the stirring vessel and stirring paddle are made of hydrogen peroxide-resistant plastic.

[0082] M6. Vacuum degassing to obtain the gel. Air bubbles introduced during the stirring process can cause voids in the gel when applied. Vacuum degassing can reduce the air bubble content and, by reducing residual oxygen, slow the decomposition rate of hydrogen peroxide, thereby improving product stability and shelf life.

[0083] Specifically, the phthalimide peroxycaproic acid gel has the following production steps: Stir and disperse N1, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and a portion of water. Add a pH adjuster to obtain a first mixed solution. Adjust the pH to 6.0-8.0 and let it rest for 2-3 hours before use. After the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is stirred and dispersed with a portion of water, adjust the pH to 6.0-8.0 to ionize its carboxylic acid groups into carboxylate radicals. Electrostatic repulsion allows the molecular chains to fully extend, and a three-dimensional network structure is formed through molecular chain hydration, extension, and interchain entanglement. Letting the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose rest for 2-3 hours allows it to fully swell, providing the base consistency for the gel.

[0084] N2. Grind the silica and part of the propylene glycol into a uniform paste, then add the remaining propylene glycol and glycerol, and stir evenly to obtain a second mixed liquid; grind the silica and part of the propylene glycol into a paste, break the particle agglomeration by mechanical force, form a nano-scale dispersion, avoid local viscosity unevenness caused by agglomeration, and then mix with the remaining propylene glycol and glycerol to uniformly fill the network gaps of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, thereby improving the specific surface area utilization of the silica, forming an "organic-inorganic" synergistic thickening effect with the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, further improving the shear strength of the gel, and the mixed solvent of propylene glycol and glycerol can stably disperse the silica, avoid the sedimentation of inorganic particles, and reduce the viscosity difference between the upper and lower layers of the final gel.

[0085] N3. Stir saccharin sodium, surfactant, essence and remaining water evenly, and mix and stir to obtain a third mixed solution; saccharin sodium and surfactant are first dissolved in water to form a homogeneous solution, which can prevent flocculent precipitation caused by charge effect when the surfactant directly contacts sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0086] N4. Gradiently add the second mixed solution to the first mixed solution while stirring at a low speed to obtain a mixed phase. Gradiently adding the silica-containing second mixed solution to the first mixed solution can avoid precipitation of sodium carboxymethylcellulose caused by localized osmotic pressure fluctuations, resulting in a more uniform microstructure of the gel. Slow-speed stirring can reduce mechanical shear damage to polymer chains. Gradient addition combined with low-speed stirring can reduce system turbulence and minimize air entrainment.

[0087] N5. Add the third mixed liquid to the mixed phase, then slowly add phthalimide peroxycaproic acid, add a pH adjuster, adjust the pH value to 6.0-8.0, and stir at low temperature and low speed; adding phthalimide peroxycaproic acid under low-speed stirring can inhibit its thermal and mechanical decomposition. The neutral pH range can reduce the decomposition rate of phthalimide peroxycaproic acid under acidic conditions, while avoiding damage to the active ingredient in an alkaline environment, ensuring the chemical stability of the system during storage.

[0088] N6. Let the mixture rest for 6-12 hours, then vacuum degas to obtain a gel. This 6-12-hour rest promotes further cross-linking of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and silica through hydrogen bonds, forming a denser network structure. The gel viscosity can be further increased during the rest period. Vacuum degassing removes microbubbles remaining during the stirring process. By reducing residual oxygen, it can slow the decomposition rate of hydrogen peroxide, thereby improving product stability and shelf life.

[0089] S3. Apply the gel layer to the front wall of the tray. The thickness of the gel layer should be less than 3mm. A thicker gel layer may cause discomfort or affect the overall structural stability of the tray. Keeping the thickness within the 3mm range ensures adhesion and gel load-bearing capacity without causing pressure or foreign body sensation. To achieve a balance between functionality and comfort, the gel is squeezed through a specially designed flat needle nozzle, and the gel adheres flatly to the front wall of the tray.

[0090] S4. Package the colloid-coated tray for future use. The packaged tray is ready for immediate use, eliminating the need for user-generated heating, snapping, or cutting. This ready-to-use design enhances product convenience and is suitable for both daily home care and travel. The tray's suitability meets the needs of most users.

[0091] Example 5. Based on Example 4, Example 5 further includes the following implementation: The hydrogen peroxide gel comprises the following components, calculated by mass: 25 parts glycerin, 35 parts propylene glycol, 4 parts carbomer, 17 parts 35% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, 1 part nanosilica, 0.2 parts saccharin sodium, 0.7 parts triethanolamine + citric acid, 1 part sodium lauryl sulfate, 1 part flavoring, and 15 parts water. The nanosilica is Huifu's food-grade hydrophilic FA-35, and the carbomer is food-grade carbomer 940. Specifically, the hydrogen peroxide gel is prepared in the following steps: M1. Carbomer is first mixed with nano-silicon dioxide, and half of the water is weighed by mass and added to the mixture. The mixture is dispersed at a high speed of 800-1200 rpm to obtain a first mixed solution, which is then allowed to stand for 2 hours. M2. A pH regulator is added to the first mixed solution to adjust the pH value to 6.0-7.0, and the mixture is stirred at a low speed of 40-80 rpm to obtain a first mixed solution. The mixture is allowed to stand for 1 hour. M3. Saccharin sodium, surfactant, flavor and the remaining water are stirred evenly, and mixed with glycerol and propylene glycol to obtain a second mixed solution. M4. The second mixed solution is added to the first mixed solution in three times, and the mixture is stirred at a low speed of 40-60 rpm to obtain a mixed phase. M5. A 35% mass fraction of hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution is added to the mixed phase, a pH regulator is added, and the mixture is stirred at a low speed of 30-60 rpm at 5-15°C. M6. Vacuum degassing is performed at -0.08 MPa for 15 minutes to obtain a gel.

[0092] Example 6: This example differs from Example 5 in that the hydrogen peroxide gel comprises different components. The hydrogen peroxide gel comprises the following components, calculated by weight: 20 parts glycerin, 30 parts propylene glycol, 3 parts carbomer, 15 parts 35% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, 1 part nano-silica, 0.1 part saccharin sodium, 0.5 parts triethanolamine + citric acid, 0.5 parts sodium lauryl sulfate, 0.5 parts flavoring, and 20 parts water. The other preparation steps remain unchanged.

[0093] Example 7: This example differs from Example 5 in that the hydrogen peroxide gel comprises different components. The hydrogen peroxide gel comprises the following components, calculated by weight: 30 parts glycerin, 40 parts propylene glycol, 5 parts carbomer, 20 parts 35% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, 2 parts nano-silica, 0.5 parts saccharin sodium, 1 part triethanolamine + citric acid, 1.5 parts sodium lauryl sulfate, 1.5 parts flavoring, and 12 parts water. The other preparation steps remain unchanged.

[0094] Example 8: The difference between Example 8 and Example 5 is that the amount of nano-silicon dioxide added is different. The amount of nano-silicon dioxide in Example 8 is 5 parts, and the other components and production steps remain unchanged.

[0095] Example 9: The difference between Example 9 and Example 5 is that the amount of carbomer added is different. The amount of carbomer in Example 9 is 2 parts, and the other components and production steps remain unchanged.

[0096] Example 10. The difference between Example 10 and Example 5 is that: when the components are the same, the preparation steps of step M1 and step M3 are different, specifically: M1, carbomer is first mixed with nano-silica, and then mixed with glycerol and propylene glycol, and then dispersed at a high speed of 800-1200 rpm to obtain a first mixed solution, and let it stand for 2 hours; M2, a pH regulator is added to the first mixed solution to adjust the pH value to 6.0-7.0, and the mixture is stirred at a low speed of 40-80 rpm to be uniform, and let it stand for 1 hour; M3, saccharin sodium, surfactant, flavor and water are stirred to obtain a second mixed solution; M4, the second mixed solution is added to the first mixed solution in three times, and stirred at a low speed of 40-60 rpm to obtain a mixed phase; M5, a hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 35% is added to the mixed phase, a pH regulator is added, and the mixture is stirred at a low speed of 5-15°C and 30-60 rpm; M6, -0.08 MPa vacuum degassing for 15 minutes to obtain a gel.

[0097] Example 11. The difference between Example 11 and Example 5 is that: when the components are the same, the order of adding silica is different, specifically: M1, weigh water by mass and take half of it and add it to carbomer at a high speed of 800-1200 rpm to obtain a first mixed solution, and let it stand for 2 hours; M2, add a pH adjuster to the first mixed solution to adjust the pH value to 6.0-7.0, stir at a low speed of 40-80 rpm, and let it stand for 1 hour; M3, stir saccharin sodium, surfactant, flavor and remaining water, and mix with glycerol and propylene glycol to obtain a second mixed solution; M4, add the second mixed solution to the first mixed solution three times, slowly add nano-silica, and stir at a low speed of 40-60 rpm to obtain a mixed phase; M5, add a 35% mass fraction of hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution to the mixed phase, add a pH adjuster, and stir at a low speed of 5-15°C and 30-60 rpm; M6, vacuum degassing at -0.08 MPa for 15 minutes to obtain a gel.

[0098] Table 1. Gel performance test results of Examples 5 to 11

[0099] Specifically, in the high temperature / low temperature cycle test, the gel was first stored at 40°C for 24 hours, then at 25°C for 24 hours, and finally at 4°C for 24 hours under an ambient humidity of 60% ± 5% RH. This cycle was repeated three times. The changes in the appearance of the gel were observed. In the light test, the room temperature was 25 ± 2°C, the humidity was controlled at 60% ± 5% RH, and the total illumination was ≥ 1.2 × 10 6 Exposure to 10 lux·hr (visible light) and ≥200 Wh / m² (UV light) was performed continuously for 10 days, with the sample approximately 10-20 cm from the light source. Hydrogen peroxide content was determined by iodine titration or potassium permanganate titration. During long-term storage testing, the gel viscosity was monitored at room temperature (25±2°C) and humidity (60%±5%). After 3 months of storage, viscosity was measured using a rotational viscometer.

[0100] Specifically, the viscosity range in Examples 5 to 7 enables the gel to adhere to the surface of the dental tray. In the high temperature / low temperature cycle test, Examples 5 to 7 all exhibit excellent high temperature and low temperature resistance, and can maintain storage stability in different storage environments. In addition, in the light test, the "organic-inorganic" composite thickening network of carbomer and nano-silica can improve the encapsulation of hydrogen peroxide. At the same time, carbomer can slow down the molecular movement of the active ingredient, indirectly delay photodegradation through the high viscosity network, and scatter ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 280-315 nm through nano-silica, thereby reducing the decomposition of the active ingredient of hydrogen peroxide. In addition, the high viscosity network can improve the stability of the overall gel. Even under long-term storage, the overall viscosity does not change significantly, and the dental tray can be used immediately after the product packaging is unpacked.

[0101] The amount of carbomer added in Example 8 is increased, so that the gel has high cohesion and low interfacial wettability, so that the contact pressure applied by the dental tray is insufficient to make the gel flow and wet the surface, and the contact angle cannot be reduced by molecular diffusion, resulting in non-stickiness. The gel in Example 8 lacks shear-triggered fluidity, resulting in an inability to penetrate the micron-sized grooves on the surface of the dental tray, and the actual contact area is reduced. The gel in Example 8 has a high viscosity network that can maintain stability, reducing the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and large changes in viscosity.

[0102] Low concentrations of silica form hydrogen bond networks with the carbomer and water molecules of the gel matrix through surface silanol groups, thereby enhancing structural strength and increasing viscosity. Excessive addition of silica results in the dominant van der Waals force between particles, leading to self-agglomeration and the formation of loose particle clusters, which destroys the original gel network. The silica surface is hydrophilic and, when in excess, will adsorb a large amount of free water, reducing the water available for carbomer and causing the main thickener to fail. The internal structure of the gel of Example 9 is loose and lacks sufficient cohesion to maintain its retention ability on vertical or inclined surfaces. The low-viscosity gel has strong fluidity and spreads excessively on the surface of the dental tray, resulting in a small contact angle and decreased adhesion. It is easy to fall off under gravity. In the high temperature / low temperature cycle test, the gel cannot maintain a stable state and decomposes water. The low viscosity network of the gel causes its active ingredients to be unable to be effectively protected and decompose. During long-term storage, it also causes delamination and reduced viscosity. In the gel of Example 10, carbomer first contacts glycerol and propylene glycol. Glycerol and propylene glycol have low dielectric constants and cannot fully ionize the carboxyl groups of carbomer. Instead, high concentrations of glycerol and propylene glycol competitively bind to water molecules, further inhibiting carbomer swelling. The hydroxyl groups of glycerol and propylene glycol form hydrogen bonds with the carboxyl groups of carbomer. The hydrogen bonds cannot provide sufficient electrostatic repulsion, resulting in the inability of the molecular chains to stretch. During the subsequent addition of water, the outer layer of the carbomer is coated with a non-aqueous solvent, preventing water from penetrating and causing permanent agglomeration. This prevents the gel from forming a high-viscosity network, resulting in worse performance than that of Example 5 in the performance test.

[0103] The hydrophilic nano-silica of Example 5 works in conjunction with carbomer. Carbomer and nano-silica form an interpenetrating network in the swelling stage, and the nano-silica particles serve as physical crosslinking points to enhance the structural strength. The composite system swelled after dry mixing of carbomer and nano-silica has a better viscosity recovery rate after shearing. In the gel of Example 11, nano-silica is mainly adsorbed on the surface of the carbomer network as a late additive, and the synergistic thickening effect is weak. The viscosity of the gel is relatively low, and not only the stability after application on the dental tray is poor, but also its performance is affected, so the performance in the performance test is worse than that of Example 5.

[0104] Example 12: Based on Example 4, Example 12 has the following implementation method: the phthalimide peroxycaproic acid gel, calculated by weight, includes the following components: 25 parts of glycerin, 35 parts of propylene glycol, 2.5 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 12 parts of phthalimide peroxycaproic acid, 1.5 parts of nano-silica, 0.2 parts of saccharin sodium, 0.7 parts of triethanolamine + citric acid, 1 part of sodium lauryl sulfate, 1 part of essence and 20 parts of water, and carbomer uses food-grade carbomer 940. Specifically, for phthalimide peroxycaproic acid gel, the following production steps are included: N1, after weighing water by mass, take half of it and stir and disperse it with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose at 200-500rpm, add pH regulator to obtain the first mixed solution, adjust the pH value to 6.0-8.0, and let it stand for 2 hours for use; N2, mix nano-silica and part of propylene glycol at a mass ratio of 1:5 and grind them into a uniform paste, then add the remaining propylene glycol and glycerin, stir at 200-500rpm for 5 minutes to obtain a second mixed solution; N3, The refined sodium, surfactant, essence and remaining water are stirred evenly, and the mixture is stirred to obtain a third mixed solution; N4, the second mixed solution is added to the first mixed solution in three gradients, and stirred at a low speed of 40-60 rpm to obtain a mixed phase; N5, the third mixed solution is slowly added to the mixed phase under low-speed stirring at 40-60 rpm, and then phthalimide peroxycaproic acid is slowly added, and a pH regulator is added to adjust the pH value to 6.0-8.0, and stirred at a low speed of 30-60 rpm at 10-20°C; N6, let it stand for 8 hours, and vacuum degassing at -0.09 MPa for 20 minutes to obtain a gel.

[0105] Example 13. The difference between Example 13 and Example 12 is that the components of the phthalimide peroxycaproic acid gel are different: the phthalimide peroxycaproic acid gel, calculated by mass, includes the following components: 20 parts of glycerin, 30 parts of propylene glycol, 2 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 10 parts of phthalimide peroxycaproic acid, 1 part of nano-silica, 0.1 part of saccharin sodium, 0.5 parts of triethanolamine + citric acid, 0.5 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate, 0.5 parts of flavor and 25 parts of water.

[0106] Example 14. The difference between Example 14 and Example 12 is that the components of the phthalimide peroxycaproic acid gel are different: the phthalimide peroxycaproic acid gel, calculated by mass, includes the following components: 30 parts of glycerin, 40 parts of propylene glycol, 3 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 15 parts of phthalimide peroxycaproic acid, 2 parts of nano-silica, 0.5 parts of saccharin sodium, 1 part of triethanolamine + citric acid, 1.5 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate, 1.5 parts of flavor and 15 parts of water.

[0107] Example 15. The difference between Example 15 and Example 12 is that the added amounts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and silicon dioxide are different. In Example 15, the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 4 parts and the nano-silicon dioxide is 6 parts. The other components and production steps remain unchanged.

[0108] Example 16. The difference between Example 16 and Example 12 is that the added amounts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and silicon dioxide are different. In Example 15, the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 1.5 parts and the nano-silicon dioxide is 0.5 parts. The other components and production steps remain unchanged.

[0109] Example 17. The difference between Example 17 and Example 12 is that, under the same components, the preparation steps of step N1 and step N2 are different, and the embodiment is as follows: N1, propylene glycol and glycerol are stirred and dispersed with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose at 200-500rpm, a pH regulator is added to obtain a first mixed solution, the pH value is adjusted to 6.0-8.0, and the solution is allowed to stand for 2 hours; N2, nano-silica is mixed with part of water in a mass ratio of 1:5 and ground into a uniform paste to obtain a second mixed solution; N3, saccharin sodium, table salt are added. The surfactant, flavor and remaining water are stirred evenly, and the mixture is stirred to obtain a third mixed solution; N4, the second mixed solution is added to the first mixed solution in three gradients, and the mixture is stirred at a low speed of 40-60 rpm to obtain a mixed phase; N5, the third mixed solution is slowly added to the mixed phase under low-speed stirring at 40-60 rpm, and then phthalimide peroxycaproic acid is slowly added, and a pH regulator is added to adjust the pH value to 6.0-8.0, and the mixture is stirred at a low speed of 30-60 rpm at 10-20°C; N6, the mixture is allowed to stand for 8 hours, and vacuum degassing is performed at -0.09 MPa for 20 minutes to obtain a gel.

[0110] Example 18. The difference between Example 18 and Example 12 is that, when the components are the same, the order of adding silicon dioxide is different, and the method has the following implementation mode: N1. After weighing water by mass, half of it is stirred and dispersed with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose at 200-500 rpm, a pH adjuster is added to obtain a first mixed solution, the pH value is adjusted to 6.0-8.0, and the solution is allowed to stand for 2 hours for use; N2. Propylene glycol and glycerol are stirred at 200-500 rpm for 5 minutes to obtain a second mixed solution; N3. Saccharin sodium, surfactant, The essence and the remaining water were stirred evenly, and the mixture was stirred to obtain a third mixed solution; N4, the second mixed solution was added to the first mixed solution in three gradients, and the mixture was stirred at a low speed of 40-60 rpm to obtain a mixed phase; N5, the third mixed solution was slowly added to the mixed phase under low-speed stirring at 40-60 rpm, nano-silica was added, and then phthalimide peroxycaproic acid was slowly added, and a pH regulator was added to adjust the pH value to 6.0-8.0, and the mixture was stirred at a low speed of 30-60 rpm at 10-20°C; N6, the mixture was allowed to stand for 8 hours, and vacuum degassing was performed at -0.09 MPa for 20 minutes to obtain a gel.

[0111] Table 2. Gel performance test results of Examples 12 to 18

[0112] Specifically, in the high temperature / low temperature cycle test, the gel was first stored at 40°C for 24 hours, then at 25°C for 24 hours, and finally at 4°C for 24 hours under an ambient humidity of 60% ± 5% RH. This cycle was repeated three times. The changes in the appearance of the gel were observed. In the light test, the room temperature was 25 ± 2°C, the humidity was controlled at 60% ± 5% RH, and the total illumination was ≥ 1.2 × 10 6 The samples were exposed to 10 lux·hr (visible light) and ≥200 Wh / m² (UV light) at a distance of approximately 10-20 cm from the light source for 10 consecutive days. The phthalimide peroxyhexanoic acid gel content was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The viscosity of the gel was monitored during long-term storage at room temperature (25±2°C) and humidity (60%±5%). After 3 months of storage, the viscosity was measured using a rotational viscometer.

[0113] Specifically, the viscosity range in Examples 12 to 14 enables the gel to adhere to the surface of the dental tray. In the high temperature / low temperature cycle test, Examples 12 to 14 all exhibit excellent high temperature and low temperature resistance, and can maintain storage stability in different storage environments. In addition, in the light test, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose can improve the encapsulation of phthalimide peroxycaproic acid through the "organic-inorganic" composite thickening network of molecular chain hydration extension and interchain entanglement with nano-silica. At the same time, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose can slow down the molecular movement of the active ingredient, indirectly delay photodegradation through the high viscosity network, and scatter ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 280-315 nm through nano-silica, thereby reducing the decomposition of the phthalimide peroxycaproic acid active ingredient. In addition, the high viscosity network can improve the stability of the overall gel. Even under long-term storage, the overall viscosity does not change significantly, and the dental tray can be used immediately after the product packaging is unpacked.

[0114] Although the thickening effect and thixotropy of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are lower than those of carbomer, the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose of Example 12 has fully swollen and formed a stable three-dimensional network structure. The addition of silica particles later will not easily destroy the original network. Nano-silica has a large specific surface area and surface-active hydroxyl groups. The silica dispersion can smoothly penetrate into the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose gel network and fill the pores. It is adsorbed between the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose molecular chains and plays a "bridging" role. As a physical support point, it enhances the rigidity and density of the overall network structure, improves the thixotropy and shear resistance of the system, and is manifested as a slight increase in viscosity. A weak electrostatic attraction occurs between the two, enhancing structural stability. If sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and nano-silica are first mixed and then water is added to adjust the pH value, since nano-silica can form a hydrogen bond network with water, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose itself is stretched through molecular chain hydration and interchain entanglement. Nano-silica does not form a rigid three-dimensional network with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, which can cause the thickening effect of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to decrease.

[0115] Although the viscosity of the gel in Example 15 is increased, the gel has high cohesion and low interfacial wettability, so that the contact pressure applied by the dental tray is insufficient to make the gel flow and wet the surface, and the contact angle cannot be reduced by molecular diffusion, resulting in non-stickiness. The gel in Example 15 lacks shear-triggered fluidity, resulting in the inability to penetrate the micron-sized grooves on the surface of the dental tray, and the actual contact area is reduced. The gel in Example 15 has a high viscosity network that can maintain stability, reducing the decomposition of phthalimide peroxycaproic acid and large changes in viscosity.

[0116] In Example 16, low concentrations of silica and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose cannot form a high-viscosity network. The internal structure of the gel in Example 9 is loose and lacks sufficient cohesion to maintain the ability to stay on vertical or inclined surfaces. The low-viscosity gel has strong fluidity, spreads excessively on the surface of the dental tray, has a small contact angle and reduced adhesion, and is easy to fall off under gravity. In the high-temperature / low-temperature cycle test, the gel cannot maintain a stable state and delaminates. The low-viscosity network of the gel causes its active ingredients to be unable to be effectively protected and decompose. During long-term storage, it will also cause delamination and reduced viscosity.

[0117] In the gel of Example 17, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose first comes into contact with glycerol and propylene glycol. Glycerol and propylene glycol have low dielectric constants and cannot fully ionize the carboxyl groups of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Instead, high concentrations of glycerol and propylene glycol competitively bind to water molecules, further inhibiting the swelling of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The hydroxyl groups of glycerol and propylene glycol form hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl and carboxymethyl groups of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The hydrogen bonds cannot provide sufficient electrostatic repulsion, resulting in the inability of the molecular chains to stretch. During the subsequent addition of water, the outer layer of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is coated with a non-aqueous solvent, preventing water from penetrating and causing permanent agglomeration. This prevents the gel from forming a high-viscosity network, resulting in worse performance than Example 12 in performance tests.

[0118] The hydrophilic nano-silica of Example 12 is ground with propylene glycol to form a uniform slurry to avoid agglomeration. The silica dispersion can smoothly penetrate into the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose gel network, fill the pores, and cooperate with the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The nano-silica particles serve as physical crosslinking points to enhance the structural strength. In the gel of Example 11, nano-silica is used as a late additive. When the gel contains a large amount of water and other substances, the nano-silica competes with the surfactant for water molecules to form hydrated agglomerates, which are mainly adsorbed on the surface of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose network. The synergistic thickening effect is weak, the viscosity of the gel is low, and the agglomerated silica settles to form a hard layer, resulting in a larger viscosity difference between the upper and lower layers. The local high concentration of silica adsorbs the surfactant, affecting the emulsification stability of the system and causing oil phase separation. Therefore, not only is the stability after application on the dental tray poor, but it also affects its performance. Therefore, in the performance test, the performance is worse than that of Example 12.

[0119] Example 19: Based on the above examples, Example 19 has the following implementation methods: The dental tray consists of 80 parts by mass of low-density polyethylene (LDPE), 10 parts by mass of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), 0.5 parts by mass of antioxidant 1010, 0.5 parts by mass of distearyl thiodipropionate, 3 parts by mass of surface modifier, 3 parts by mass of triallyl isocyanurate, 1 part by mass of modified nano-zinc oxide, 0.5 parts by mass of talc, 7 parts by mass of azodicarbonamide, and 3 parts by mass of maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene. The surface modifier consists of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate in a 7:3 mass ratio, and ethyl acetate and acetone in a 3:1 volume ratio. The solid content of the surface modifier is 12%.

[0120] The preparation of the dental tray includes the following steps: T1. Weigh the components and place the raw materials into a high-speed mixer for mixing. The materials are then discharged into a twin-screw extruder for pelletization. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) are first placed into the high-speed mixer and preheated at 100°C for 5 minutes. Antioxidant 1010 and distearyl thiodipropionate are then added and mixed for 3 minutes. Triallyl isocyanurate, modified nano-zinc oxide, and talc are then added and mixed for 5 minutes. Azodicarbonamide and maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene are then added and mixed for 5 minutes to form a mixture. The mixture is pelletized at 120-140°C. T2. The pellets are placed into a mold and pressed. Demolded to obtain a pre-foamed body; the pressing temperature is 120-130°C, the pressing pressure is 5-8 MPa, and the pressing time is between 10-15 minutes. T3. Electron beam crosslinking is performed to obtain a radiated body; under nitrogen protection, the electron beam energy is 2-3 MeV, the radiation dose is 25-35 kGy, and the scanning speed is between 8-10 m / min. T4. Place the radiated blank into a high-temperature mold, cool it to 40°C, and then remove it from the mold to obtain a preform. The temperature is between 180-190°C and the pressure is 1-2 MPa for 8-10 minutes. T5. Apply a surface modifier to the inner side of the front wall of the preform, dry and cure it, and sterilize it to obtain a dental tray. The surface modifier is applied to a thickness of 10-20 μm, and then dried with hot air at 60°C for 10 minutes. Sterilize it with ethylene oxide.

[0121] Example 20: The difference between Example 20 and Example 19 lies in the different components of the dental tray. Calculated by mass, the dental tray includes 75 parts low-density polyethylene, 8 parts high-density polyethylene, 0.3 parts antioxidant 1010, 0.3 parts distearyl thiodipropionate, 2 parts surface modifier, 2 parts triallyl isocyanurate, 0.8 parts modified nano-zinc oxide, 0.4 parts talc, 6 parts azodicarbonamide, and 2 parts maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene. The surface modifier includes 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate in a mass ratio of 7:3, and ethyl acetate and acetone in a volume ratio of 3:1. The solid content of the surface modifier is 12%.

[0122] Example 21: The difference between Example 21 and Example 19 lies in the different components of the dental tray. Calculated by mass, the dental tray includes 70 parts low-density polyethylene, 5 parts high-density polyethylene, 0.2 parts antioxidant 1010, 0.2 parts distearyl thiodipropionate, 1 part surface modifier, 1 part triallyl isocyanurate, 0.5 parts modified nano-zinc oxide, 0.3 parts talc, 5 parts azodicarbonamide, and 1 part maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene. The surface modifier includes 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate in a mass ratio of 7:3, and ethyl acetate and acetone in a volume ratio of 3:1. The solid content of the surface modifier is 12%.

[0123] Example 22: The difference between Example 22 and Example 19 is that the dental tray is not coated with a surface modifier, and other components remain unchanged. Step T5 of the preparation steps is: sterilizing the preform to obtain the dental tray.

[0124] Example 23. The difference between Example 23 and Example 19 is that triallyl isocyanurate is not added to the components, the other components remain unchanged, steps T2 and T3 of the preparation steps are omitted, T4, the pellets are placed in a high-temperature mold, water-cooled to 40°C and demolded; a preform is obtained; the temperature is between 180-190°C, the pressure is 1-2MPa, and the time is 8-10 minutes.

[0125] In comparative example 1, a heat-setting dental tray made of commercially available EVA material was used, and the weight of each tray was in the range of 1.2-1.5 g.

[0126] Table 3. Performance test results of Examples 19 to 23

[0127] Among them, the tensile strength, tensile force, and elongation were tested in accordance with GB / T 1040.2-2022. The hydrogen peroxide resistance was tested by immersing the dental tray in a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution for 24 hours and then testing its tensile strength. The contact angle was measured using a contact angle meter with a droplet volume of 5 μL and the hydrogen peroxide gel prepared in Example 5. The gel adsorption time was measured by applying the hydrogen peroxide gel prepared in Example 5 to the front wall for 24 hours and observing the results in an environment of 37±2°C and a humidity of RH60±5.

[0128] Specifically, relative to Comparative Example 1, the dentures prepared in Examples 19 to 21 have a single weight range of 0.2-0.5g, and a moderate hardness range, which can meet the effect of its fixed support. The dentures prepared by the electron beam radiation cross-linking process have a high degree of cross-linking, and exhibit good mechanical properties in tensile strength, tensile force, and elongation. By applying a surface modifier to the front wall of the denture, the contact effect between the denture and the gel surface is further improved. In Example 22, due to the lack of a surface modifier, the contact angle between the front wall of the denture and the gel is low, and the gel cannot be well maintained in the adsorption effect. For Example 23, direct high-temperature foaming causes the release of azodicarbonamide to be uneven, the local pores are too large, the material volume expands beyond the mold limit, and the wall thickness increases slightly. Relative to electron beam cross-linking, a network is formed by covalent bonds, and the molecular chain mobility is limited. Heat resistance and mechanical strength are significantly improved. There are chemical cross-linking agent residual sites in the network structure of direct high-temperature foaming, and the molecular chain cross-linking density is uneven. At high temperatures, residual free radicals may cause late oxidation, and the mechanical properties and aging effects are all worse than those of Example 19.

Claims

1. A dental tray, comprising a trough body (1), characterized in that: The trough body (1) comprises a bottom wall (2), a trough body opening (3) opposite to the bottom wall (2), a front wall (4) and a rear wall (5) respectively extending from the bottom wall (2) toward the trough body opening (3); the trough body (1) is arranged in a U-shape; a colloid layer is provided on the inner side of the front wall (4); a first tooth surface contact area (100) is provided in the middle of the trough body (1); the front wall (4) comprises a first front wall (41) located in the first tooth surface contact area (100); the rear wall (5) comprises a first rear wall (51) located in the first tooth surface contact area (100); the first rear wall (51) is inclined from the bottom wall (2) toward the trough body opening (3) and away from the first front wall (41); the first rear wall (51) forms an angle α with the first front wall (41); and the angle α is between 15 and 85 degrees.

2. A dental tray according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second tooth surface contact area (200) is respectively provided at both ends of the slot body (1), the width of the bottom wall (2) of the first tooth surface contact area (100) is smaller than the width of the bottom wall (2) of the second tooth surface contact area (200), and the slot body opening (3) of the first tooth surface contact area (100) is smaller than or equal to the slot body opening (3) of the second tooth surface contact area (200).

3. The dental tray according to claim 1, wherein: The dental tray comprises an upper dental tray and a lower dental tray. The dental tray is made of electronic cross-linked polyethylene foam material. The thickness of the front wall (4) and the rear wall (5) are respectively less than or equal to 1 mm.

4. The dental tray according to claim 2, wherein: The front wall (4) includes a second front wall (42) located in the second tooth surface contact area (200), the rear wall (5) includes a second rear wall (52) located in the second tooth surface contact area (200), and the bottom wall (2) of the second tooth surface contact area (200) extends obliquely from the first tooth surface contact area (100) toward the second tooth surface contact area (200).

5. A dental tray according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second tooth surface contact area (200) is provided with a connecting wall (6) extending from the bottom wall (2) toward the slot opening (3) and connecting the second front wall (42) and the second rear wall (52). The connecting wall (6) is located at the end of the second tooth surface contact area (200), close to the second front wall (42) or the second rear wall (52) of the first tooth surface contact area (100), and its extension length is greater than the extension length of the connecting wall (6). The cross-section of the second tooth surface contact area (200) is arranged in a trapezoidal shape.

6. The dental tray according to claim 5, characterized in that: A transition tooth surface contact area (300) is connected between the first tooth surface contact area (100) and the second tooth surface contact area (200), and a bottom wall (2) of the transition tooth surface contact area (300) widens from the first tooth surface contact area (100) toward the second tooth surface contact area (200), and the rear wall (5) includes a third rear wall (53) located in the transition tooth surface contact area (300), and the third rear wall (53) forms an angle β with a horizontal plane, and the angle β gradually increases along the direction from the first tooth surface contact area (100) to the second tooth surface contact area (200).

7. The dental tray according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer side of the first rear wall (51) is arranged in an arc shape, the outer side of the second rear wall (52) is arranged in a straight shape, the inner side of the first rear wall (51) is arranged in an arc shape, and the inner side of the second rear wall (52) is arranged in a straight shape, the angle α is between 30 and 80 degrees, and the first rear wall (41) and the third rear wall (43) form an angle γ, and the angle γ is between 120 and 170 degrees.

8. The dental tray according to claim 7, characterized in that: The colloid layer comprises glycerin, propylene glycol, a thickener, peroxide, silicon dioxide, saccharin sodium, a pH regulator, a surfactant, essence and water, and the viscosity of the colloid layer is between 100-850 Pa.s.

9. A method for preparing a dental tray, characterized in that: The dental tray according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: S1. Prepare a dental tray, the thickness of the front and back walls of which are less than 1 mm respectively; S2. preparing a colloidal layer, wherein the viscosity of the colloidal layer is between 100-850 Pa.s; S3, applying a colloid layer to the front wall of the dental tray, with the thickness of the colloid layer being less than 3 mm; S4. Pack the dental tray coated with the colloid layer for later use.

10. Application of dental tray, characterized by: The dental tray according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is applied so that the pre-coated colloid layer contacts the outer tooth surface.

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