Batch extraction method for ecological corridors in ecological safety pattern construction

Abstract

The invention discloses a batch extraction method for ecological corridors in ecological safety pattern construction, and relates to the technical field of urban ecological planning and construction, and the method comprises the steps: S1, data acquisition: surface element data of an ecological source land and raster data of an ecological resistance surface; s2, data preprocessing: performing new grouping field establishment and assignment on ecological source points generated after ecological source ground point turning; s3, constructing a model: creating an ecological corridor batch extraction model in an ArcMap platform, wherein the step S3 comprises the following steps: S3.1, creating a new model; S3.2, adding tools and data into the model; S3.3, filling tool parameters and environment variables; and S4, ecological security pattern: organizing an ecological source and outputting an element class layer, and constructing an ecological security pattern. According to the ecological corridor batch extraction method provided by the invention, the result can be directly obtained only by inputting the original data into the model once, the consistency and accuracy of the output result are ensured, and compared with a manual method, the efficiency advantage is higher, and the calculation time can be remarkably saved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of urban ecological planning and construction, and particularly relates to a batch extraction method of ecological corridors in ecological security pattern construction. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the promotion of ecological civilization construction in China and the increasing attention of human beings to ecological environment, ecological security pattern, as an innovative measure to protect regional ecosystem health, promote regional biodiversity protection, ensure regional sustainable development and optimize regional spatial layout, has attracted more and more scholars to participate in the related research. At present, the research paradigm of constructing ecological security pattern is "source identification-resistance surface construction-corridor extraction". As a key link in the construction of ecological security pattern, it is of great significance to study the extraction method of ecological corridors.

[0003] At present, the extraction method of ecological corridors has been mature, which can meet the extraction demand to a certain extent. However, these methods mainly rely on manual operation, need to use multiple geographic processing tools repeatedly, and complete the extraction work in steps. This makes the large-scale data processing capacity insufficient, the efficiency is low, and the time-consuming is long. In addition, manual operation is also easy to introduce human factors, leading to calculation errors and wrong index values, thereby affecting the consistency and accuracy of the results.

[0004] Therefore, the existing extraction method of ecological corridors has many problems and needs to be improved. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a batch extraction method of ecological corridors in ecological security pattern construction.

[0006] In order to achieve the purpose of the present application, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: A batch extraction method of ecological corridors in ecological security pattern construction, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Step S1: data acquisition: the face element data containing ecological source and the raster data of ecological resistance surface are stored in a folder or a GDB database; Step S2: data preprocessing: based on the ArcMap platform, the face element data of the ecological source is used as the input element to create the output element of the element class containing the point generated from the representative position of the input element by using the element point conversion tool; the output element is used to add a grouping field by using the field adding tool, the field type is short integer, and the field value is the serial number of the ecological source point from small to large; Step S3: Model building: create an ecological corridor batch extraction model in the ArcMap platform, including the following steps: step S3.1 creating a new model, step S3.2 adding tools and data to the model, step S3.3 filling in tool parameters and environmental variables, step S3.4 running the model, and step S3.5 saving the model. Step S4: Ecological security pattern: organize the ecological source and output element class layer.

[0007] Based on the above technical scheme, further, the surface element class data of the ecological source and the grid data of the ecological resistance surface in step S1 include: the surface element class data of the ecological source and the grid data of the ecological resistance surface are the result data or intermediate process data generated in the process of building the ecological security pattern using the "ecological source-ecological resistance surface-ecological corridor" paradigm.

[0008] Based on the above technical scheme, further, the representative position in step S2 includes: using the representative center position of the input element, or using the position contained in the input element as the output point position, the former is not always contained in the input element.

[0009] Based on the above technical scheme, further, the element class of the generated point in step S2 includes: the element class of the generated point is the output element, and its data type is the point element class, and the name uses the ecological source point, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and other names can also be used to name the output element, so it cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0010] Based on the above technical scheme, further, step S3.1 of step S3 in the present application includes: clicking the model builder button on the ArcMap standard tool toolbar or creating a new model by right-clicking the existing toolbox and selecting New > Model. The model building process is determined by combing the ecological corridor extraction process to determine the basic framework of the model.

[0011] Based on the above technical scheme, further, step S3.2 of step S3 in the present application includes the following steps: Step S3.2.1 adding an iterative element selection tool; Step S3.2.2 adding a geographic processing tool.

[0012] Based on the above technical scheme, further, step S3.2.1 of step S3 in the present application includes the following steps: Step S3.2.1.1 click the model builder tab; Step S3.2.1.2 in the insert group, click the iterator; Step S3.2.1.3 in the iterator list, click the iterative element selection.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, further, the step S3.2.2 adds a geographic processing tool, including the following steps: Step S3.2.2.1 in ArcMap, click on the geographic processing > search tools; Step S3.2.2.2 in the search window, enter the filter, and then click the search button; Step S3.2.2.3 drag the search item filter (analysis) (representing the buffer tool in the analysis toolbox) to the blank area of the model builder canvas; Step S3.2.2.4 search and add the "cost distance" tool and "cost path" tool in the "spatial analysis" toolbox, and the "raster to line" tool in the "conversion" toolbox in the same way. If the tools overlap each other, click the automatic layout button on the model builder toolbar to arrange the tools.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, further, the step S3.3 fills in the tool parameters and environment variables, including the following steps: Step S3.3.1 in the model builder, double-click the "iterative feature selection" tool to open its tool dialog box; Step S3.3.2 for the "input features" parameter, select the ecological source point, and for the "group by field (optional)" parameter, select the group field name newly created in the data preprocessing in step S2; Step S3.3.3 click OK to create a new selection and two outputs: selected features and values; Step S3.3.4 double-click the "cost distance" tool to open its tool dialog box; Step S3.3.5 for the "input raster data or feature source data" parameter, select the selected features output by the "iterative feature selection" iterator, and for the "input cost raster data" parameter, select the ecological resistance surface; Step S3.3.6 for the "output distance raster data" storage path, select a suitable storage location; for the "output backlink raster data (optional)" storage path, select a suitable storage location; and the output dataset names of both meet the format: "specific name" % value %.tif or % value % "specific name".tif, which can ensure that the batch output data name contains the ecological source point sequence number with an identifying effect, and will not report an error; Step S3.3.7 click OK; Step S3.3.8 sets the parallel processing parameters, right-clicks the "Cost Distance" tool, selects Get Values > From Environment > Parallel Processing > Parallel Processing Factor, double-clicks Parallel Processing Factor, fills in "0" for the "Parallel Processing Factor" parameter, and then clicks OK; Step S3.3.9 double-clicks the "Select" tool to open its tool dialog box; Step S3.3.10 selects the ecological source point for the "Input Factor" parameter; Step S3.3.11 clicks SQL Expression for the "Expression (optional)" parameter, double-clicks to select the group field name, and then inputs "> %value%" and clicks OK; Step S3.3.12 selects a suitable storage location for the "Output Feature Class" storage path, and the output dataset name meets the format: "specific name" %value%.shp or %value% "specific name".shp, which can ensure that the batch output data name contains the sequence number of the ecological source point with an identifying effect and will not report an error; Step S3.3.13 clicks OK; Step S3.3.14 double-clicks the "Cost Path" tool to open its tool dialog box; Step S3.3.15 selects the output feature class of the "Select" tool for the "Input Raster Data or Feature Target Data" parameter, selects any valid field with a target position value for the "Target Field (optional)", selects the output distance raster data of the "Cost Distance tool" for the "Input Cost Distance Raster Data" parameter, selects the output backtracking link raster data of the "Cost Distance tool" for the "Input Cost Backlink Raster Data" parameter, and selects "EACH_CELL" for the "Path Selection (optional)" parameter; Step S3.3.16 selects a suitable storage location for the "Output Raster" storage path, and the output dataset name meets the format: "specific name" %value%.tif or %value% "specific name".tif, which can ensure that the batch output data name contains the sequence number of the ecological source point with an identifying effect and will not report an error; Step S3.3.17 clicks OK; Step S3.3.18 double-clicks the "Raster To Polygon" tool to open its tool dialog box; Step S3.3.19 selects the output raster of the "Cost Path" tool for the "Input Raster" parameter, selects "VALUE" for the "Field (optional)" parameter, and selects whether to check for the "Simplify Polygons (optional)" parameter according to the research target; other parameters are selected by default; Step S3.3.20 clicks OK.

[0015] Based on the above technical scheme, further, the operation step of filling in the tool parameters and environmental variables in step S3.3 in step S3, including: the above operation step can be exchanged in part sequence without affecting the model running result, the application does not list, but can not be understood as the limitation of the application.

[0016] Based on the above technical scheme, further, the operation step of filling in the tool parameters and environmental variables in step S3.3 in step S3, including: the above operation step can be exchanged in part sequence without affecting the model running result, the application does not list, but can not be understood as the limitation of the application. Step S3.4.1, before running the model, selects the output polyline element of the "raster turning line" tool, right-clicks, and then clicks to add to the display option; Step S3.4.2, click model > run the entire model in the "model builder" menu.

[0017] Based on the above technical scheme, further, based on the ecological corridor batch processing model constructed on the ArcMap platform, when carrying out the ecological corridor extraction work, only two data of ecological source and ecological resistance surface need to be input in the model, and all ecological corridors can be batch generated after clicking running, and the ecological safety pattern of the study area is further constructed with the ecological source layer.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are embodied in: The present application is based on the model builder, and an ecological corridor batch extraction model is constructed, which only needs to input the original data once, does not involve multiple repeated input of original data and intermediate data in multiple geographic processing tools, and can directly obtain the result, solves various problems caused by multiple operations of data, maintains the consistency of the data input end, ensures the consistency and accuracy of the data output result; compared with the manual extraction method, the ecological corridor batch extraction model of the present application shows higher efficiency advantage when facing large-scale data, and can significantly save the calculation time; the model has the naming format characteristics of consistent output result, and the output naming is uniform, which is convenient for understanding and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is the method flowchart of the present application.

[0020] Figure 2 It is the ecological source distribution map in the embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 3 It is the ecological resistance surface distribution map in the embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 4 It is the ecological source point distribution map in the embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 5 It is the ecological corridor batch extraction model in the embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 6 For the ecological safety pattern map in the embodiment of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0026] As Figure 1 shown, a land space planning city health assessment index calculation module construction method, comprising the following steps: Step S1: data acquisition: requiring the face element data of the ecological source and the raster data of the ecological resistance surface to be stored in the folder or GDB database; Step S2: data preprocessing: based on the ArcMap platform, the face element data of the ecological source is used as the input element to create the output element of the element class containing the point generated from the representative position of the input element using the element point conversion tool; the output element is used to add the grouping field using the field adding tool, the field type is short integer, and the field value is the serial number of the ecological source point from small to large; Step S3: model construction: create an ecological corridor batch extraction model in the ArcMap platform, including the following steps: step S3.1 creating a new model, step S3.2 adding tools and data to the model, step S3.3 filling in tool parameters and environment variables, step S3.4 running the model, and step S3.5 saving the model; Step S4: ecological safety pattern: organizing the ecological source and the output element class layer.

[0027] In this embodiment, the step S1, the face element data of the ecological source and the raster data of the ecological resistance surface, is based on the ecological safety pattern construction paradigm of "ecological source-ecological resistance surface-ecological corridor", and the morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) method is selected to identify the ecological source of Wuhan City in 2020 as shown in Figure 2 The resistance factor evaluation system in Table 1 is used to perform weighted addition operation on each ecological resistance factor raster resistance surface using ArcMap software to obtain the comprehensive ecological resistance surface as shown in Figure 3 .

[0028] Table 1 Resistance factor evaluation system

[0029] In this embodiment, the step S2, the representative position of the ecological source ground transfer point is to use the position contained in the input element as the output point position, and the output element name of the point element class is "ecological source point", as shown in Figure 4 The newly created field name is "sort", and the field value is 1, 2, 3…32.

[0030] In this embodiment, the step S3.1 of the step S3 in the method creates a new model, including: clicking the model builder button on the standard tool toolbar of ArcMap to create a new model, and combing the ecological corridor extraction process to determine the basic framework of the constructed model.

[0031] In this embodiment, the step S3.2 of the step S3 in the method adds tools and data to the model, including the following steps: Step S3.2.1 adds an iterative element selection tool; Step S3.2.2 adds a geographic processing tool.

[0032] In this embodiment, the step S3.2.1 of the method adds an iterative element selection tool, including the following steps: Step S3.2.1.1 clicks the model builder tab; Step S3.2.1.2 in the insert group, click the iterator; Step S3.2.1.3 in the iterator list, click the iterative element selection.

[0033] In this embodiment, the step S3.2.2 of the method adds a geographic processing tool, including the following steps: Step S3.2.2.1 in ArcMap, click Geoprocessing > Search Tools; Step S3.2.2.2 in the search window, input the filter, and then click the search button; Step S3.2.2.3 drag the search item filter (analysis) to the blank area of the "model builder" canvas; Step S3.2.2.4 search and add the "cost distance" tool and the "cost path" tool in the "spatial analysis" toolbox, and the "raster to line" tool in the "conversion" toolbox in the same way. If the tools overlap each other, click the automatic layout button on the "model builder" toolbar to arrange the tools.

[0034] In this embodiment, the step S3.3 of the step S3 in the method fills in the tool parameters and environment variables, including the following steps: Step S3.3.1 in the "model builder", double-click the "iterative element selection" tool to open its tool dialog box; Step S3.3.2 For the "Input Feature" parameter, select the Ecological Source Points, and for the "Group by field (optional)" parameter, select "ORDER"; Step S3.3.3 Click OK to create a new selection and two outputs: the selected features "I_Ecological Source Points_ORDER" and "Value"; Step S3.3.4 Double-click the Cost Distance tool to open its tool dialog box; Step S3.3.5 For the "Input raster data or feature source data" parameter, select "I_Ecological Source Points_ORDER", and for the "Input cost raster data" parameter, select the Ecological Resistance Surface; Step S3.3.6 For the "Output distance raster data" parameter, select "C:\03Ecological corridors\01Cost_distance\Dis%Value%.tif", and for the "Output back-link raster data (optional)" parameter, select "F:\03Ecological corridors\02Cost_back\Bac%Value%.tif"; Step S3.3.7 Click OK; Step S3.3.8 Set the parallel processing parameters, right-click the Cost Distance tool, select Get Variables > From Environment > Parallel Processing > Parallel Processing Factor, double-click the Parallel Processing Factor, and for the "Parallel Processing Factor" parameter, enter "0" and click OK; Step S3.3.9 Double-click the Select tool to open its tool dialog box; Step S3.3.10 For the "Input Feature" parameter, select the Ecological Source Points; Step S3.3.11 For the "Expression (optional)" parameter, click SQL Expression, enter ""ORDER" > %Value%", and click OK; Step S3.3.12 For the "Output Feature Class" storage path, select "C:\03Ecological corridors\00Targets\Tar%Value%.shp"; Step S3.3.13 Click OK; Step S3.3.14 Double-click the Cost Path tool to open its tool dialog box; Step S3.3.15 For the "Input raster data or feature target data" parameter, select "Tar%Value%.shp"; for the "Target field (optional)", select "FID"; for the "Input cost distance raster data" parameter, select "Dis%Value%.tif"; for the "Input cost back-link raster data" parameter, select "Bac%Value%.tif"; and for the "Path selection (optional)" parameter, select "EACH_CELL"; Step S3.3.16 For the "output raster" storage path, select "C:\03Ecological corridors\03Cost_path\Path%value%.tif"; Step S3.3.17 Click OK. Step S3.3.18 Double-click the "raster to polyline" tool to open its tool dialog box. Step S3.3.19 For the "input raster" parameter, select "Path%value%.tif"; for the "field (optional)" parameter, select "VALUE"; for the "simplify polylines (optional)" parameter, uncheck; and select the default for other parameters. Step S3.3.20 Click OK. The final constructed model is shown in Figure 5 .

[0035] In this embodiment, the step S3.4 of running the model includes the following steps: Step S3.4.1 Before running the model, select the output polyline feature of the "raster to polyline" tool, right-click, and then click Add to Display Options. Step S3.4.2 Click Model > Run entire model in the Model Builder menu.

[0036] In this embodiment, the step S4 of ecological security pattern: organizing the ecological source and outputting the class layer of the element includes the following content: organizing the ecological source layer and the ecological corridor layer after the model is run in order, and finally forming an ecological security pattern as shown in Figure 6 .

[0037] The above embodiments form a mature batch extraction model of ecological corridors, and provide a replicable and generalizable experience for improving the accuracy and work efficiency of ecological corridor extraction, and for high-quality completion of ecological security pattern construction.

[0038] The above is only an embodiment of the present application, which is described in detail and in detail, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present application. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for batch extraction of ecological corridors in the construction of an ecologically safe pattern, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: S1: data acquisition: requires the face element data of the ecological source and the raster data of the ecological resistance surface to be stored in a folder or GDB database; S2: data preprocessing: based on the ArcMap platform, the face element data of the ecological source is used as the input element to create an output element class containing points generated from the representative position of the input element using the element point conversion tool; the output element is used to add a field tool to add a grouping field, the field type is short integer, and the field value is the serial number of the ecological source point from small to large; S3: model building: create an ecological corridor batch extraction model in the ArcMap platform, including the following steps: S3.1 create a new model, S3.2 add tools and data to the model, S3.3 fill in tool parameters and environment variables, S3.4 run the model, S3.5 save the model; S4: ecological security pattern: organize the ecological source and the output element class layer.

2. The batch extraction method of ecological corridors in the construction of ecological security pattern according to claim 1, wherein: the face element data of the ecological source and the raster data of the ecological resistance surface in S1 include: the face element data of the ecological source and the raster data of the ecological resistance surface are the result data or intermediate process data generated in the process of constructing the ecological security pattern using the "ecological source-ecological resistance surface-ecological corridor" paradigm.

3. The batch extraction method of ecological corridors in the construction of ecological security pattern according to claim 1, wherein: the representative position in S2 includes: using the representative center position of the input element, or using the position contained in the input element as the output point position, the former is not always contained in the input element.

4. The batch extraction method of ecological corridors in the construction of ecological security pattern according to claim 1, wherein: the element class of the generated point in S2 includes: the element class of the generated point is the output element, the data type is point element class, and the name is ecological source point, which is only used for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and other names can also be used to name the output element, so it cannot be understood as a limitation on the invention.

5. The batch extraction method of ecological corridors in the construction of ecological security pattern according to claim 1, wherein: S3.1 creates a new model in S3, which includes: clicking the model builder button on the ArcMap standard tool toolbar or creating a new model by right-clicking the existing toolbox and selecting new > model to create a new model. The basic framework of the model is constructed by analyzing the ecological corridor extraction process; S3.2 adds tools and data to the model in S3, which includes the following steps: S3.2.1 adds an iterative element selection tool; S3.2.2 adds a geographic processing tool.

6. The batch extraction method of ecological corridors in the construction of ecological security pattern according to claim 6, wherein: S3.2.1 adds an iterative element selection tool, which includes the following steps: S3.2.1.1 click the model builder tab; S3.2.1.2 in the insert group, click the iterator; S3.2.1.3 In the iterator list, click the iteration feature selection; The S3.2.2 adds a geographic processing tool, including the following steps: S3.2.2.1 In ArcMap, click Geoprocessing > Search Tools; S3.2.2.2 In the search window, enter the filter, and then click the search button; S3.2.2.3 Drag the search item filter (analysis) (representing the buffer tool in the Analysis toolbox) to the blank area of the Model Builder canvas; S3.2.2.4 In the same way, search and add the "Cost Distance" tool and the "Cost Path" tool in the "Spatial Analysis" toolbox, and the "Raster to Polygon" tool in the "Conversion" toolbox. If the tools overlap each other, click the Auto Layout button on the Model Builder toolbar to arrange the tools.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: The S3.3 fills in the tool parameters and environmental variables, including the following steps: S3.3.1 In the Model Builder, double-click the "Iteration Feature Selection" tool to open its tool dialog box; S3.3.2 For the "Input Features" parameter, select the ecological source point, and for the "Group By Field (optional)" parameter, select the group field name newly created in the S2 data preprocessing; S3.3.3 Click OK to create a new selection and two outputs: selected features and values; S3.3.4 Double-click the "Cost Distance" tool to open its tool dialog box; S3.3.5 For the "Input Raster Data or Feature Source Data" parameter, select the selected features output by the "Iteration Feature Selection" iterator, and for the "Input Cost Raster Data" parameter, select the ecological resistance surface; S3.3.6 For the "Output Distance Raster Data" storage path, select a suitable storage location; for the "Output Back Link Raster Data (optional)" storage path, select a suitable storage location; and the output dataset names of both meet the format: "specific name" % value %.tif or % value % "specific name".tif, which can ensure that the name of the batch output data contains the sequence number of the ecological source point for identification, and will not report an error; S3.3.7 Click OK; S3.3.8 Set the parallel processing parameters, right-click the "Cost Distance" tool, select Get Variables > From Environment > Parallel Processing > Parallel Processing Factor, double-click the Parallel Processing Factor, and for the "Parallel Processing Factor" parameter, fill in "0", and then click OK; S3.3.9 Double-click the "Filter" tool to open its tool dialog box; S3.3.10 For the "Input Features" parameter, select the ecological source point; S3.3.11 For the "Expression (optional)" parameter, click SQL Expression, double-click to select the group field name, and then input "> % value %", and click OK; S3.3.12 For the "output element class" storage path, select the appropriate storage location, and the output dataset name meets the format: "specific name" % value %.shp or % value % "specific name".shp, which can ensure that the batch output data name contains the ecological source point sequence number with an identifying effect, and there will be no error report; S3.3.13 Click OK; S3.3.14 Double-click the "cost path" tool to open its tool dialog box; S3.3.15 For the "input raster data or element target data" parameter, select the output element class of the "filter" tool; for the "target field (optional)", select any valid field with the value of the target location; for the "input cost distance raster data" parameter, select the output distance raster data of the "cost distance tool"; for the "input cost backlink raster data" parameter, select the output backlink raster data of the "cost distance tool"; for the "path selection (optional)" parameter, select "EACH_CELL"; S3.3.16 For the "output raster" storage path, select the appropriate storage location, and the output dataset name meets the format: "specific name" % value %.tif or % value % "specific name".tif, which can ensure that the batch output data name contains the ecological source point sequence number with an identifying effect, and there will be no error report; S3.3.17 Click OK; S3.3.18 Double-click the "raster to polyline" tool to open its tool dialog box; S3.3.19 For the "input raster" parameter, select the output raster of the "cost path" tool; for the "field (optional)" parameter, select "VALUE"; for the "simplify polyline (optional)" parameter, select whether to check according to the research target; and select the default for other parameters; S3.3.20 Click OK; The S3 in the S3.4 runs the model, including the following steps: S3.4.1 Before running the model, select the output polyline element output by the "raster to polyline" tool, right-click, and then click Add to Display Options; S3.4.2 Click Model > Run Entire Model in the Model Builder menu.

8. The batch extraction method of the ecological corridor in the ecological safety pattern construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The operation steps of filling in the tool parameters and environmental variables in the S3 of the S3.3 include that part of the order can be changed without affecting the model running result, and the present application does not list it, but it cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in that, The ecological corridor batch processing model constructed based on the ArcMap platform can batch generate all ecological corridors by only inputting the ecological source and ecological resistance surface data in the model and clicking run, and further construct the ecological safety pattern of the study area together with the ecological source layer.

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