Fabricated prefabricated part deepening design method

Abstract

The invention discloses an assembly type prefabricated part deepening design method, and belongs to the technical field of assembly type buildings, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the multi-dimensional data collection of the design information of a prefabricated part, and building a three-dimensional shape model of a target part through BIM software; according to the method, design information of a target component is analyzed, a geometric coefficient, a material coefficient and a connection coefficient are established respectively, and the rationality and safety of the target component in the design and construction process are evaluated respectively based on the established three coefficients; based on the geometric coefficient, the material coefficient and the connection coefficient of the target component, a design construction coefficient is obtained through correlation; the design construction coefficient is compared with a preset standard threshold value, if the design construction coefficient is larger than or equal to the standard threshold value, it is indicated that the design information of the target component meets the design requirement, and an optimal design scheme is generated based on the corresponding three-dimensional shape model; otherwise, the design information of the target component is further optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of prefabricated building technology, and more specifically to a method for detailed design of prefabricated components. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of prefabricated buildings, the detailed design of prefabricated components has become a crucial link in ensuring project quality and construction efficiency. However, traditional design methods often rely on experience-based judgment and lack systematic analysis and comprehensive evaluation of multi-dimensional information about the components, leading to potential problems such as insufficient rationality, safety hazards, or high construction difficulty in the design scheme. Especially in complex projects, how to scientifically evaluate the design information of prefabricated components and generate the optimal design scheme has become a technical challenge that the industry urgently needs to solve.

[0003] Currently, while BIM technology is widely used for 3D modeling in the prefabricated building sector, there is still a lack of quantitative analysis and collaborative optimization of core parameters such as component geometry, material properties, and connection methods during the detailed design phase. Existing methods often focus on single-dimensional evaluation, failing to comprehensively consider the overall coordination between design and construction, which can easily lead to design rework or construction risks. Furthermore, the dynamic correlation and threshold determination mechanisms for design-construction coefficients are not yet perfect, resulting in a lack of scientific basis for design optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for detailed design of prefabricated components to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: a method for detailed design of prefabricated components, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Collect multi-dimensional data on the design information of prefabricated components and use BIM software to create a three-dimensional shape model of the target component; Step 2: By analyzing the design information of the target component, geometric coefficients, material coefficients, and connection coefficients are established respectively. Based on the established three coefficients, the rationality and safety of the target component in the design and construction process are evaluated. Step 3: Based on the geometric coefficients, material coefficients, and connection coefficients of the target component, obtain the design and construction coefficients; compare the design and construction coefficients with the preset standard thresholds. If the design and construction coefficients are greater than or equal to the standard thresholds, it indicates that the design information of the target component meets the design requirements, and the optimal design scheme is generated based on the corresponding three-dimensional shape model; otherwise, the design information of the target component is further optimized.

[0006] Preferably, step one specifically includes: S11. Based on the design drawings of prefabricated components, obtain the design information of the prefabricated components, including design dimension information, design material information, and design connection information; The design dimension information includes the geometric dimension parameters of the precast components; the design material information includes the strength, elastic modulus, and density of the materials used in the precast components; and the design connection information includes the type, size, and connection method of the connection nodes. S12. Based on the design information of prefabricated components, obtain the design information of the target component, use BIM software to model the target component, and obtain the corresponding three-dimensional shape model for design adjustment and optimization of the target component.

[0007] Preferably, in step two, the method for obtaining the geometric coefficients is as follows: S211. Obtain the actual dimensions of the target component, the total assembly space volume, and the effective fitting volume of the assembly space; including: A laser scanner is used to measure the actual dimensions of the target component after production. When measuring the actual dimensions of the target component, multiple tests are required, and the average value is obtained after removing outlier data. By utilizing the parametric features of BIM software, the total assembly space volume of the target component can be obtained, which is the theoretical total assembly space volume. Based on the spatial fit between the target component and other components during the assembly process, the difference between the assembly reserved gap and the total assembly space volume is calculated using spatial scanning technology to obtain the effective fitting volume of the target component in the assembly space. Furthermore, by obtaining the ratio of the effective fitting volume of the target component assembly space to the total assembly space volume, the space fitting rate of the target component during the assembly process is obtained; the space fitting rate of the target component is compared with the preset standard fitting rate. If the space fitting rate is less than the standard fitting rate, an early warning is issued; if the space fitting rate is greater than or equal to the standard fitting rate, its space fitting rate is used to calculate the geometric coefficient. S212. Based on the design dimension information, actual dimension information, total assembly space volume, and effective fitting volume of the assembly space of the target component, the geometric coefficient GC is formed by summarizing them. S213. Compare the obtained geometric coefficients with the corresponding geometric thresholds. If the geometric coefficients are greater than or equal to the geometric thresholds, it means that the geometric performance of the target component meets the design requirements; otherwise, a warning is issued.

[0008] Preferably, the formula for calculating the geometric coefficient GC is as follows: ; In the formula, GC is the geometric coefficient; n is the number of geometric dimensional parameters of the target component; It is the actual measured value of the i-th geometric dimension of the target component; Vx is the design value of the i-th geometric dimension; Vx is the effective fitting volume of the assembly space of the target component; V is the total assembly space volume of the target component.

[0009] Preferably, the method for obtaining the material coefficient is as follows: S221. Based on the design material information of the target component, obtain the strength, elastic modulus, and density of the material used in the target component; S222. Summarize the strength, elastic modulus, and density of the material used in the target component to form the material coefficient MC; S223. Compare the obtained material coefficient with the corresponding material quality threshold. If the material coefficient is greater than or equal to the material quality threshold, it means that the material quality of the target component meets the design safety requirements; otherwise, issue a warning.

[0010] Preferably, the formula for calculating the material coefficient MC is as follows: ; In the formula, MC is the material coefficient; Q is the strength of the material used in the target component; and E is the elastic modulus of the material used in the target component. The strength of the material used for the target component; The fatigue life correction factor for the material used in the target component, ranging from... ; The corrosion resistance correction factor for the material used in the target component, ranging from... k is the safety factor.

[0011] Preferably, the method for obtaining the connection coefficients is as follows: S231. Based on the design connection information of the target component, calculate the design bearing capacity value of the connection node according to the material properties and specific connection form of the connection node and the corresponding type specification formula. S232. Test the connection nodes of the target structure through mechanical tests to obtain the maximum load-bearing capacity that the corresponding connection node can withstand before failure, i.e., the actual load-bearing capacity test value; wherein, multiple sets of tests are performed on the same connection node, and the average value is obtained after removing abnormal data. S233. By using finite element software to perform three-dimensional modeling of the connection node, under standard load conditions, extract the stress cloud diagram of each part of the connection node, identify the maximum amplitude of stress change with load, and obtain the maximum stress change value. S234. The design bearing capacity value, actual bearing capacity test value, and maximum stress change value of each connection node of the target component are correlated and summarized to form the connection coefficient LC. S235. Compare the obtained connection coefficient with the corresponding connection threshold. If the connection coefficient is greater than or equal to the connection threshold, it means that the connection coefficient of the target component meets the design safety requirements; otherwise, issue a warning.

[0012] Preferably, the formula for calculating the connection coefficient LC is as follows: ; In the formula, LJ is the connection coefficient; m is the number of connection nodes of the target component; This is the actual load-bearing capacity test value of the connected node j; This is the design load-bearing capacity value of the connecting node j; It is the maximum stress change value of the connection node j; It is the allowable stress value of the connection node j.

[0013] Preferably, in step three, the method for generating the design construction coefficient is as follows: The geometric coefficients, material coefficients, and connection coefficients of the target component are obtained, normalized, and then calculated and summarized to form the design and construction coefficients ST. The formula for calculating the design construction coefficient is as follows: ; In the formula, ST is the design and construction coefficient; , , These are the weighting coefficients corresponding to the geometric coefficient, material coefficient, and connectivity coefficient, respectively. Its specific value can be adjusted and modified by experts in the field based on the actual experience requirements of the target component.

[0014] Compared to existing solutions, the beneficial effects achieved by this invention are: This invention achieves the digitization and visualization of prefabricated component design information through multi-dimensional data acquisition and BIM 3D modeling, providing a precise foundation for subsequent analysis, reducing rework and waste of prefabricated components, and lowering project costs; This invention establishes a triple coefficient system of geometry, materials, and connections, and evaluates the rationality and safety of components based on this system, making design optimization a reliable basis and effectively improving the scientificity and reliability of design schemes. Furthermore, the introduction of design-construction coefficients and their comparison with standard thresholds provide quantitative standards for the rapid determination and optimization of design schemes, significantly improving design efficiency and quality, realizing a close link between design and construction, and ensuring the feasibility and safety of design schemes during the construction phase. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the prefabricated component detailed design method proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention is a method for detailed design of prefabricated components, including the following steps: Step 1: Collect multi-dimensional data on the design information of prefabricated components and use BIM software to create a 3D shape model of the target component; including: S11. Based on the design drawings of prefabricated components, obtain the design information of the prefabricated components, including design dimension information, design material information, and design connection information; The design dimension information includes the geometric dimension parameters of the prefabricated components, such as the length, width, height, and curvature of the prefabricated components; the design material information includes the strength, elastic modulus, and density of the materials used in the prefabricated components; and the design connection information includes the type, size, and connection method of the connection nodes. S12. Based on the design information of prefabricated components, obtain the design information of the target component, use BIM (Building Information Modeling) software to model the target component, and obtain the corresponding three-dimensional shape model for design adjustment and optimization of the target component; In use, the target component in the embodiments of the present invention can be any type of prefabricated component, including but not limited to prefabricated exterior wall panels, prefabricated balcony panels, prefabricated air conditioning panels, and prefabricated composite panels; Step 2: By analyzing the design information of the target component, geometric coefficients, material coefficients, and connection coefficients are established respectively. Based on the established three coefficients, the rationality and safety of the target component in the design and construction process are evaluated. In step two, the method for obtaining the geometric coefficients is as follows: S211. Obtain the actual dimensions of the target component, the total assembly space volume, and the effective fitting volume of the assembly space; including: A laser scanner is used to measure the actual dimensions of the target component after production. When measuring the actual dimensions of the target component, multiple tests are required, and the average value is obtained after removing outlier data. By utilizing the parametric features of BIM software, the total assembly space volume of the target component can be obtained, which is the theoretical total assembly space volume. Based on the spatial fit between the target component and other components during the assembly process, the difference between the assembly reserved gap and the total assembly space volume is calculated using spatial scanning technology to obtain the effective fitting volume of the target component in the assembly space. Furthermore, by obtaining the ratio of the effective fitting volume of the target component's assembly space to the total assembly space volume, the spatial fitting rate of the target component during the assembly process is obtained. The spatial fitting rate of the target component is compared with a preset standard fitting rate. If the spatial fitting rate is less than the standard fitting rate, an early warning is issued; if the spatial fitting rate is greater than or equal to the standard fitting rate, its spatial fitting rate is used to calculate the geometric coefficients. The standard fitting rate can be 90%. S212. Based on the design dimension information, actual dimension information, total assembly space volume, and effective fitting volume of the assembly space of the target component, the geometric coefficient GC is formed by summarizing them. S213. Compare the obtained geometric coefficients with the corresponding geometric thresholds. If the geometric coefficients are greater than or equal to the geometric thresholds, it means that the geometric performance of the target component meets the design requirements; otherwise, a warning is issued. The geometric thresholds are set according to the architectural design standards of the target component. The formula for calculating the geometric coefficient GC is as follows: ; In the formula, GC is the geometric coefficient; n is the number of geometric dimensional parameters of the target component; It is the actual measured value of the i-th geometric dimension of the target component; Vx is the design value of the i-th geometric dimension; Vx is the effective fitting volume of the assembly space of the target component; V is the total assembly space volume of the target component. Furthermore, the method for obtaining the material coefficient is as follows: S221. Based on the design material information of the target component, obtain the strength, elastic modulus, and density of the material used in the target component; S222. Summarize the strength, elastic modulus, and density of the material used in the target component to form the material coefficient MC; S223. Compare the obtained material coefficient with the corresponding material quality threshold. If the material coefficient is greater than or equal to the material quality threshold, it means that the material quality of the target component meets the design safety requirements; otherwise, a warning is issued. The material quality threshold is set according to the safety quality design standard of the material used in the target component. The formula for calculating the material coefficient MC is as follows: ; In the formula, MC is the material coefficient; Q is the strength of the material used in the target component; and E is the elastic modulus of the material used in the target component. The strength of the material used for the target component; This is a fatigue life correction factor for the material used in the target component. The specific value is determined by multiple fatigue test data of the corresponding material, and its range is... ; This is a corrosion resistance correction factor for the material used in the target component. The specific value is determined by multiple corrosion resistance test data of the corresponding material, and the range is... k is the safety factor, used to account for uncertainties in practical applications. It is determined based on the target component's usage environment, load conditions, and design requirements, and is usually taken as k∈[1.5,3.0]. Furthermore, the method for obtaining the connection coefficients is as follows: S231. Based on the design connection information of the target component, calculate the design bearing capacity value of the connection node according to the material properties and specific connection form of the connection node and the corresponding type specification formula. S232. Test the connection nodes of the target structure through mechanical tests to obtain the maximum load-bearing capacity that the corresponding connection node can withstand before failure, i.e., the actual load-bearing capacity test value; wherein, multiple sets of tests are performed on the same connection node, and the average value is obtained after removing abnormal data. S233. By using finite element software to perform three-dimensional modeling of the connection node, under standard load conditions (such as self-weight + live load + wind load), extract the stress cloud diagram of each part of the connection node, identify the maximum amplitude of stress change with load, and obtain the maximum stress change value. It should be noted that ANSYS can be used as the finite element software. It is an existing technology software, and the specific operation process is well known to those in the field, so it will not be described in detail. S234. The design bearing capacity value, actual bearing capacity test value, and maximum stress change value of each connection node of the target component are correlated and summarized to form the connection coefficient LC. S235. Compare the obtained connection coefficient with the corresponding connection threshold. If the connection coefficient is greater than or equal to the connection threshold, it means that the connection coefficient of the target component meets the design safety requirements; otherwise, an early warning is issued. The connection threshold is the benchmark value for judging the safety of the connection node and needs to be determined comprehensively based on industry specifications, design standards and engineering safety levels. The formula for calculating the connectivity coefficient LC is as follows: ; In the formula, LJ is the connection coefficient; m is the number of connection nodes of the target component; This is the actual load-bearing capacity test value of the connected node j; This is the design load-bearing capacity value of the connecting node j; It is the maximum stress change value of the connection node j; It is the allowable stress value of connection node j, which is determined based on the material properties and building standards used in connection node j; When in use, the target component is evaluated during the design and construction process based on the three established coefficients. If the geometric coefficient, material coefficient, and connection coefficient meet the corresponding relevant thresholds, it indicates that the design information of the target component meets the requirements of rationality and safety. If any coefficient does not meet the corresponding relevant threshold, the corresponding warning prompt is identified for further design optimization, including but not limited to adjusting the component size tolerance or assembly clearance, replacing high-strength materials or adjusting the safety factor, improving the node form (such as changing from bolt connection to welding) or adding redundant connections.

[0019] Step 3: Based on the geometric coefficients, material coefficients, and connection coefficients of the target component, obtain the design and construction coefficients; compare the design and construction coefficients with the preset standard thresholds. If the design and construction coefficients are greater than or equal to the standard thresholds, it indicates that the design information of the target component meets the design requirements, and the optimal design scheme is generated based on the corresponding three-dimensional shape model; otherwise, the design information of the target component is further optimized. The method for generating the design and construction coefficients is as follows: The geometric coefficients, material coefficients, and connection coefficients of the target component are obtained, normalized, and then calculated and summarized to form the design and construction coefficients ST. The formula for calculating the design construction coefficient is as follows: ; In the formula, ST is the design and construction coefficient; , , These are the weighting coefficients corresponding to the geometric coefficient, material coefficient, and connectivity coefficient, respectively. Its specific value can be adjusted and modified by experts in the field based on the actual experience requirements of the target component; In the implementation steps of this invention, by integrating geometric, material, and connection coefficients, and combining the linkage analysis of BIM model and design and construction coefficients, a systematic solution is provided for the detailed design of prefabricated components.

[0020] In the several embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed system can be implemented in other ways. For example, the embodiments of the invention described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation.

[0021] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0022] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional modules.

[0023] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.

[0024] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detailed design of prefabricated components, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Collect multi-dimensional data on the design information of prefabricated components and use BIM software to create a three-dimensional shape model of the target component; Step 2: By analyzing the design information of the target component, geometric coefficients, material coefficients, and connection coefficients are established respectively. Based on the established three coefficients, the rationality and safety of the target component in the design and construction process are evaluated. Step 3: Based on the geometric coefficients, material coefficients, and connection coefficients of the target component, obtain the design and construction coefficients; compare the design and construction coefficients with the preset standard thresholds. If the design and construction coefficients are greater than or equal to the standard thresholds, it indicates that the design information of the target component meets the design requirements, and the optimal design scheme is generated based on the corresponding three-dimensional shape model; otherwise, the design information of the target component is further optimized.

2. The method for detailed design of prefabricated components according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step one specifically includes: S11. Based on the design drawings of prefabricated components, obtain the design information of the prefabricated components, including design dimension information, design material information, and design connection information; The design dimension information includes the geometric dimension parameters of the precast components; the design material information includes the strength, elastic modulus, and density of the materials used in the precast components; and the design connection information includes the type, size, and connection method of the connection nodes. S12. Based on the design information of prefabricated components, obtain the design information of the target component, use BIM software to model the target component, and obtain the corresponding three-dimensional shape model for design adjustment and optimization of the target component.

3. The method for detailed design of prefabricated components according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step two, the method for obtaining the geometric coefficients is as follows: S211. Obtain the actual dimensions of the target component, the total assembly space volume, and the effective fitting volume of the assembly space; including: A laser scanner is used to measure the actual dimensions of the target component after production. When measuring the actual dimensions of the target component, multiple tests are required, and the average value is obtained after removing outlier data. By utilizing the parametric features of BIM software, the total assembly space volume of the target component can be obtained, which is the theoretical total assembly space volume. Based on the spatial fit between the target component and other components during the assembly process, the difference between the assembly reserved gap and the total assembly space volume is calculated using spatial scanning technology to obtain the effective fitting volume of the target component in the assembly space. Furthermore, by obtaining the ratio of the effective fitting volume of the target component assembly space to the total assembly space volume, the space fitting rate of the target component during the assembly process is obtained; the space fitting rate of the target component is compared with the preset standard fitting rate. If the space fitting rate is less than the standard fitting rate, an early warning is issued; if the space fitting rate is greater than or equal to the standard fitting rate, its space fitting rate is used to calculate the geometric coefficient. S212. Based on the design dimension information, actual dimension information, total assembly space volume, and effective fitting volume of the assembly space of the target component, the geometric coefficient GC is formed by summarizing them. S213. Compare the obtained geometric coefficients with the corresponding geometric thresholds. If the geometric coefficients are greater than or equal to the geometric thresholds, it means that the geometric performance of the target component meets the design requirements; otherwise, a warning is issued.

4. The method for detailed design of prefabricated components according to claim 3, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the geometric coefficient GC is as follows: ； In the formula, GC is the geometric coefficient; n is the number of geometric dimensional parameters of the target component; It is the actual measured value of the i-th geometric dimension of the target component; Vx is the design value of the i-th geometric dimension; Vx is the effective fitting volume of the assembly space of the target component; V is the total assembly space volume of the target component.

5. The method for detailed design of prefabricated components according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the material coefficient is as follows: S221. Based on the design material information of the target component, obtain the strength, elastic modulus, and density of the material used in the target component; S222. Summarize the strength, elastic modulus, and density of the material used in the target component to form the material coefficient MC; S223. Compare the obtained material coefficient with the corresponding material quality threshold. If the material coefficient is greater than or equal to the material quality threshold, it means that the material quality of the target component meets the design safety requirements; otherwise, issue a warning.

6. The method for detailed design of prefabricated components according to claim 5, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the material coefficient MC is as follows: ； In the formula, MC is the material coefficient; Q is the strength of the material used in the target component; and E is the elastic modulus of the material used in the target component. The strength of the material used for the target component; The fatigue life correction factor for the material used in the target component, ranging from... ; The corrosion resistance correction factor for the material used in the target component, ranging from... k is the safety factor.

7. The method for detailed design of prefabricated components according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the connection coefficients is as follows: S231. Based on the design connection information of the target component, calculate the design bearing capacity value of the connection node according to the material properties and specific connection form of the connection node and the corresponding type specification formula. S232. Test the connection nodes of the target structure through mechanical tests to obtain the maximum load-bearing capacity that the corresponding connection node can withstand before failure, i.e., the actual load-bearing capacity test value; wherein, multiple sets of tests are performed on the same connection node, and the average value is obtained after removing abnormal data. S233. By using finite element software to perform three-dimensional modeling of the connection node, under standard load conditions, extract the stress cloud diagram of each part of the connection node, identify the maximum amplitude of stress change with load, and obtain the maximum stress change value. S234. The design bearing capacity value, actual bearing capacity test value, and maximum stress change value of each connection node of the target component are correlated and summarized to form the connection coefficient LC. S235. Compare the obtained connection coefficient with the corresponding connection threshold. If the connection coefficient is greater than or equal to the connection threshold, it means that the connection coefficient of the target component meets the design safety requirements; otherwise, issue a warning.

8. The method for detailed design of prefabricated components according to claim 7, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the connectivity coefficient LC is as follows: ； In the formula, LJ is the connection coefficient; m is the number of connection nodes of the target component; This is the actual load-bearing capacity test value of the connected node j; This is the design load-bearing capacity value of the connecting node j; It is the maximum stress change value of the connection node j; It is the allowable stress value of the connection node j.

9. The method for detailed design of prefabricated components according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step three, the method for generating the design and construction coefficients is as follows: The geometric coefficients, material coefficients, and connection coefficients of the target component are obtained, normalized, and then calculated and summarized to form the design and construction coefficients ST. The formula for calculating the design construction coefficient is as follows: ； In the formula, ST is the design and construction coefficient; , , These are the weighting coefficients corresponding to the geometric coefficient, material coefficient, and connectivity coefficient, respectively. Its specific value can be adjusted and modified by experts in the field based on the actual experience requirements of the target component.

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