Isolation valves and rocket engine fuel supply system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of valve technology, providing an isolation valve and a fuel supply system for a rocket engine. The isolation valve includes a valve body, a valve core, and an elastic element. The valve body has a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber, and is provided with a first interface, a second interface, and a third interface. The valve core is reciprocating and slides, with its end face facing the first chamber. The valve core has a first sealing part and a second sealing part. The elastic element causes the valve core to tend to slide towards the first chamber. Under the action of the medium in the first and second chambers and the elastic element, the valve core slides between a cut-off position and a conduction position. In the cut-off position, the first sealing part isolates the first chamber from the second chamber, and the second sealing part isolates the second chamber from the third chamber. In the conduction position, the three chambers are connected. Thus, by relying on the pressure of the fuel to overcome the force of the elastic element, the three chambers can be connected, enabling two fuel tanks to simultaneously supply fuel to the engine without relying on external driving force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of valve technology, and more particularly to an isolation valve and a fuel supply system for a rocket engine. Background Technology

[0002] The engine's fuel supply system is a crucial component ensuring its efficient and stable operation. It is responsible for delivering the appropriate amount of fuel to the engine for combustion at the correct time and in the correct manner. The engine's fuel supply system consists of two fuel tanks, both with fuel outlets connected to the engine. The fuel tanks store fuel, and valves are installed between the two fuel tanks and the engine. Before the engine starts operating, these valves seal the fuel in the tanks. When the engine starts operating, the valves open, ensuring that fuel from both fuel tanks is simultaneously supplied to the engine's combustion chamber.

[0003] In related technologies, metal diaphragms are used to close valves. When the engine starts, the pressure of the fuel tank itself ruptures the diaphragm, opening the valve. For fuel supply systems of engines with two fuel tanks, a diaphragm valve is required at the outlet of each fuel tank. Because the diaphragm burst pressure fluctuates, it cannot be guaranteed that all diaphragms will rupture simultaneously. If one diaphragm ruptures first, the fuel in its corresponding tank will quickly fill the downstream of other diaphragms before they rupture, preventing them from rupturing properly and thus preventing fuel from flowing out of other tanks. If a cutter or similar structure is used to cut the diaphragm, a cutter and a drive mechanism are required, resulting in a complex structure and unreliable reliability.

[0004] Therefore, how to simultaneously supply fuel to the engine from both fuel tanks without relying on external driving force is an important issue that the industry urgently needs to address. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an isolation valve and a rocket engine fuel supply system to enable two fuel tanks to simultaneously supply fuel to the engine without relying on external driving force.

[0006] This invention provides an isolation valve, comprising:

[0007] The valve body has a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber arranged sequentially along a reference direction. The valve body is provided with a first interface communicating with the first chamber, a second interface communicating with the second chamber, and a third interface communicating with the third chamber.

[0008] A valve core is disposed inside the valve body in a way that allows it to slide back and forth along the reference direction. The end face of the valve core faces the first chamber. The valve core has a first sealing part and a second sealing part.

[0009] An elastic element is provided to allow the valve core to slide in a direction close to the first chamber.

[0010] The valve core is adapted to slide between a cut-off position and a conduction position under the action of the medium in the first chamber, the medium in the second chamber, and the elastic element. In the cut-off position, the first sealing part isolates the first chamber from the second chamber, and the second sealing part isolates the second chamber from the third chamber. In the conduction position, the first chamber communicates with the second chamber, and the second chamber communicates with the third chamber.

[0011] According to an isolation valve provided by the present invention, a first sealing ring surface is formed between a first chamber and a second chamber, and along the reference direction, the projection area of ​​the first chamber is located within the projection area of ​​the first sealing ring surface, and the circumferential side surface of the first sealing portion is adapted to the first sealing ring surface; a second sealing ring surface is formed between the second chamber and the third chamber, and the circumferential side surface of the second sealing portion is adapted to the second sealing ring surface.

[0012] The isolation valve also includes:

[0013] The first sealing element is disposed between the first sealing portion and the first sealing ring surface;

[0014] The second sealing element is disposed between the second sealing portion and the second sealing ring surface.

[0015] According to an isolation valve provided by the present invention, along the reference direction, the projection area of ​​the first sealing portion is located within the projection area of ​​the second chamber, and the length dimension of the first sealing portion is smaller than the length dimension of the second chamber;

[0016] An annular groove is formed between the first sealing portion and the second sealing portion, and the length of the annular groove is at least greater than the length of the first sealing ring surface along the reference direction.

[0017] According to an isolation valve provided by the present invention, the valve body further has a fourth chamber, the fourth chamber being located on the side of the third chamber away from the second chamber;

[0018] The valve core also has a support portion, which is located on the side of the second sealing portion away from the first sealing portion. The circumferential side of the support portion is adapted to the inner wall of the fourth chamber. The elastic element is disposed in the fourth chamber. The valve body is provided with a vent hole communicating with the fourth chamber.

[0019] The isolation valve also includes:

[0020] The third sealing element is disposed between the support portion and the inner wall of the fourth chamber.

[0021] According to an isolation valve provided by the present invention, along the reference direction, the projection area of ​​the circumferential side of the second sealing part is located within the projection area of ​​the circumferential side of the support part;

[0022] When the valve core is in the cut-off position, the support portion is located on the side of the second sealing ring surface away from the first sealing ring surface, and there is a gap between the end face of the support portion facing the second chamber and the inner wall of the valve body, forming an annular working cavity, which is connected to the third chamber.

[0023] According to an isolation valve provided by the present invention, along the reference direction, the projected area of ​​the first sealing ring surface coincides with the projected area of ​​the second sealing ring surface, the area on the support corresponding to the working cavity is a first area, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first sealing part is a second area, and the first area and the second area are equal.

[0024] According to an isolation valve provided by the present invention, the cross-section of the support part is circular and the diameter of the support part is D2. The cross-section of the first sealing part is circular and the diameter of the first sealing part is D1. The relationship between the diameter of the support part and the diameter of the first sealing part is 2×D1×D1=D2×D2.

[0025] According to an isolation valve provided by the present invention, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first interface is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the second interface.

[0026] The present invention also provides a fuel supply system for a rocket engine, comprising:

[0027] Two fuel tanks are used to store fuel;

[0028] The first isolation valve is an isolation valve as described above, wherein the first port and the second port of the first isolation valve are respectively connected to the fuel outlets of the two fuel tanks, and the third port of the first isolation valve is adapted to be connected to the fuel inlet of the engine.

[0029] According to a rocket engine fuel supply system provided by the present invention, the fuel tank has a fuel chamber and a pressurization chamber, the fuel chamber and the pressurization chamber being separated by a diaphragm, and the rocket engine fuel supply system further includes:

[0030] The second isolation valve has the same structure as the first isolation valve. The first port and the second port of the second isolation valve are respectively connected to the pressurization chambers of the two fuel tanks.

[0031] An air supply device, wherein the air supply end of the air supply device is connected to the third interface of the second isolation valve.

[0032] The isolation valve provided by this invention includes a valve body, a valve core, and an elastic element. The valve body has a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber, which are sequentially distributed along a reference direction. The valve body is provided with a first interface, a second interface, and a third interface; the first interface communicates with the first chamber, the second interface communicates with the second chamber, and the third interface communicates with the third chamber. The valve core is disposed inside the valve body and is capable of reciprocating along the reference direction. The end face of the valve core faces the first chamber, and the medium in the first chamber exerts a force on the valve core in a direction away from the first chamber. The elastic element allows the valve core to tend to slide in a direction closer to the first chamber. The valve core can slide between a closed position and a closed position under the action of the medium pressure in the first chamber, the medium pressure in the second chamber, and the elastic element. The valve core has a first sealing part and a second sealing part. When the valve core slides to the cut-off position, the first sealing part isolates the first chamber from the second chamber, and the second sealing part isolates the second chamber from the third chamber. At this time, the first, second, and third interfaces are not connected to each other. When the valve core slides to the open position, the first chamber connects to the second chamber, and the second chamber connects to the third chamber. At this time, both the first and second interfaces are connected to the third interface. With this configuration, when the isolation valve provided by this invention is applied to the fuel supply system of an engine with two fuel tanks, the first and second interfaces of the isolation valve can be connected to the fuel tanks respectively, and the third interface of the isolation valve can be connected to the combustion chamber of the engine. When the pressure in the two fuel tanks reaches a certain value, the sum of the forces exerted by the fuel in the first chamber on the valve core and the forces exerted by the fuel in the second chamber on the valve core exceeds the force exerted by the elastic element on the valve core. At this point, the valve core will slide to the open position, connecting the first chamber with the second chamber, and simultaneously connecting the second chamber with the third chamber. In this case, the fuel in both fuel tanks can flow into the third chamber simultaneously, and then into the combustion chamber of the engine. This achieves simultaneous fuel supply from both fuel tanks to the engine, and this process does not require external driving force to control the isolation valve.

[0033] Furthermore, the rocket engine fuel supply system provided by the present invention also possesses the various advantages described above due to the isolation valve described above. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the isolation valve provided by the present invention when the valve core is in the cut-off position.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the isolation valve provided by the present invention when the valve core is in the conducting position.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the valve body provided by the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fuel supply system for a rocket engine provided by the present invention.

[0039] Figure label:

[0040] 1. Valve body; 2. First chamber; 3. Second chamber; 4. Third chamber; 5. First interface; 6. Second interface; 7. Third interface; 8. First sealing part; 9. Second sealing part; 10. Elastic element; 11. First sealing ring surface; 12. Second sealing ring surface; 13. First sealing element; 14. Second sealing element; 15. Annular groove; 16. Fourth chamber; 17. Support part; 18. Vent hole; 19. Third sealing element; 20. Fuel tank; 21. Fuel chamber; 22. Pressurization chamber; 23. Diaphragm; 24. Air supply device; 25. Engine; 26. First isolation valve; 27. Second isolation valve; 28. Working chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0042] The following is combined Figures 1 to 4 The isolation valve of the present invention is described.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the isolation valve provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a valve body 1, a valve core, and an elastic element 10.

[0044] Specifically, the valve body 1 has a first chamber 2, a second chamber 3, and a third chamber 4, which are distributed sequentially along a reference direction. The reference direction is referenced to... Figure 1 The direction indicated by m.

[0045] The valve body 1 is provided with a first interface 5, a second interface 6 and a third interface 7. The first interface 5 is connected to the first chamber 2, the second interface 6 is connected to the second chamber 3, and the third interface 7 is connected to the third chamber 4.

[0046] The valve core is located inside the valve body 1, and the valve core can slide back and forth along the reference direction.

[0047] The end face of the valve core faces the first chamber 2, and the medium in the first chamber 2 can exert a force on the valve core in a direction away from the first chamber 2. The elastic element 10 can make the valve core have a tendency to slide in a direction closer to the first chamber 2.

[0048] The direction of the force exerted by the medium within the second chamber 3 on the valve core depends on the structure of the valve core at the position corresponding to the second chamber 3. For example, the projected area of ​​the two opposite sidewalls of the valve core along the reference direction corresponding to the second chamber 3. Figure 1 The projected area of ​​the valve core's sidewall on the left side of the second chamber 3 along the reference direction is the third area, and the projected area of ​​the valve core's sidewall on the right side of the second chamber 3 along the reference direction is the fourth area. If the third area is greater than the fourth area, the force exerted by the medium in the second chamber 3 on the valve core is to the left along the reference direction; if the third area is less than the fourth area, the force exerted by the medium in the second chamber 3 on the valve core is to the right along the reference direction.

[0049] The valve core can slide between the cut-off position and the open position under the action of the medium pressure in the first chamber 2, the medium pressure in the second chamber 3, and the elastic element 10.

[0050] The valve core has a first sealing portion 8 and a second sealing portion 9. The force exerted by the medium in the second chamber 3 on the valve core includes the force exerted by the medium in the second chamber 3 on the first sealing portion 8 of the valve core and the force exerted by the medium in the second chamber 3 on the second sealing portion 9 of the valve core. The direction of the force exerted by the medium in the second chamber 3 on the valve core depends on the magnitude of the force exerted by the medium in the second chamber 3 on the first sealing portion 8 of the valve core and the magnitude of the force exerted by the medium in the second chamber 3 on the second sealing portion 9 of the valve core.

[0051] When the valve core slides to the cut-off position, the first sealing part 8 isolates the first chamber 2 from the second chamber 3, and the second sealing part 9 isolates the second chamber 3 from the third chamber 4. At this time, the first interface 5, the second interface 6 and the third interface 7 are not connected to each other.

[0052] When the valve core slides to the conducting position, the first chamber 2 is connected to the second chamber 3, and the second chamber 3 is connected to the third chamber 4. At this time, the first interface 5 and the second interface 6 are both connected to the third interface 7.

[0053] With this configuration, when the isolation valve provided in this embodiment of the invention is applied to the fuel supply system of an engine with two fuel tanks 20, the first port 5 and the second port 6 of the isolation valve can be connected to the fuel tanks 20 respectively, and the third port 7 of the isolation valve can be connected to the combustion chamber of the engine 25. When the pressure in the two fuel tanks 20 reaches a certain value, when the sum of the force exerted by the fuel in the first chamber 2 on the valve core and the force exerted by the fuel in the second chamber 3 on the valve core is greater than the force exerted by the elastic element 10 on the valve core, the valve core will slide to the conduction position, so that the first chamber 2 is connected to the second chamber 3, and the second chamber 3 is connected to the third chamber 4. At this time, the fuel in the two fuel tanks 20 can flow into the third chamber 4 at the same time, and then flow into the combustion chamber of the engine 25, realizing that the two fuel tanks 20 simultaneously supply fuel to the engine 25, and this process does not require external driving force to operate the isolation valve.

[0054] In this embodiment of the invention, a first sealing annular surface 11 is formed between the first chamber 2 and the second chamber 3. Along a reference direction, the projection area of ​​the first chamber 2 lies within the projection area of ​​the first sealing annular surface 11. The circumferential side of the first sealing portion 8 is adapted to the first sealing annular surface 11. In this case, the isolation valve further includes a first sealing element 13, which is disposed between the first sealing portion 8 and the first sealing annular surface 11 to ensure a sliding seal between the first sealing portion 8 and the first sealing annular surface 11.

[0055] A second sealing annular surface 12 is formed between the second chamber 3 and the third chamber 4, and the circumferential side surface of the second sealing portion 9 is adapted to the second sealing annular surface 12. At this time, the isolation valve also includes a second sealing element 14, which is disposed between the second sealing portion 9 and the second sealing annular surface 12 to ensure a sliding seal between the second sealing portion 9 and the second sealing annular surface 12.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the first sealing element 13 and the second sealing element 14 may be, but are not limited to, sealing rings. An annular groove is provided on the circumferential side of the first sealing portion 8, and the first sealing element 13 is fitted into the annular groove of the first sealing portion 8. An annular groove is provided on the circumferential side of the second sealing portion 9, and the second sealing element 14 is fitted into the annular groove of the second sealing portion 9.

[0057] In this embodiment, along the reference direction, the length of the first sealing part 8 is smaller than the length of the second chamber 3. The valve core can slide until the first sealing part 8 is completely located within the second chamber 3, ensuring that the end face of the first sealing part 8 near the first chamber 2 and the end face of the first sealing part 8 near the third chamber 4 are both disengaged from the inner wall of the valve body 1. There is a gap between the end face of the first sealing part 8 near the first chamber 2 and the valve body 1, and there is a gap between the end face of the first sealing part 8 near the third chamber 4 and the inner wall of the valve body 1.

[0058] Simultaneously, along the reference direction, the projection area of ​​the first sealing part 8 is located within the projection area of ​​the second chamber 3. That is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first sealing part 8 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second chamber 3. When the valve core slides until the first sealing part 8 is completely located in the second chamber 3, there is a gap between the circumferential side of the first sealing part 8 and the inner wall of the second chamber 3.

[0059] The gap between the end face of the first sealing part 8 near the first chamber 2 and the inner wall of the valve body 1, the gap between the end face of the first sealing part 8 near the third chamber 4 and the inner wall of the valve body 1, and the gap between the circumferential side of the first sealing part 8 and the inner wall of the second chamber 3 are combined to make the first chamber 2 and the second chamber 3 connected.

[0060] An annular groove 15 is formed between the first sealing portion 8 and the second sealing portion 9. Along the reference direction, the length of the annular groove 15 is greater than the length of the first sealing ring surface 11. When the valve core is in the open position, the first sealing portion 8 is completely located within the second chamber 3, while the second sealing ring surface 12 is located between the first sealing portion 8 and the second sealing portion 9. That is, a portion of the annular groove 15 is located in the second chamber 3, and the other portion is located in the third chamber 4. The second sealing ring surface 12 is adapted to the circumferential side surface of the second sealing portion 9, thus a gap exists between the second sealing ring surface 12 and the bottom wall of the annular groove 15.

[0061] Therefore, when the valve core is in the open position, refer to Figure 2 The second chamber 3 is connected to the annular groove 15, and the third chamber 4 is also connected to the annular groove 15. There is a gap between the second sealing ring surface 12 and the bottom wall of the annular groove 15, so that the second chamber 3 and the third chamber 4 are connected.

[0062] In this embodiment of the invention, the valve body 1 further has a fourth chamber 16, which is located on the side of the third chamber 4 away from the second chamber 3.

[0063] The valve core also has a support portion 17, which is located on the side of the second sealing portion 9 away from the first sealing portion 8. The support portion 17 is located in the fourth chamber 16, and the circumferential side of the support portion 17 is adapted to the inner wall of the fourth chamber 16, so that the support portion 17 and the fourth chamber 16 are in sliding fit.

[0064] At this time, the isolation valve also includes a third seal 19, which is disposed between the support 17 and the inner wall of the fourth chamber 16 to ensure a sliding seal between the support 17 and the inner wall of the fourth chamber 16.

[0065] In a specific embodiment, the third sealing element 19 may be, but is not limited to, a sealing ring.

[0066] An annular groove is provided on the circumferential side of the support part 17, and the third seal 19 is embedded in the annular groove of the support part 17.

[0067] At least two third seals 19 are provided, and each third seal 19 is spaced apart along the reference direction.

[0068] An elastic element 10 is disposed in the fourth chamber 16. The elastic element 10 may be, but is not limited to, a threaded compression spring. One end of the helical compression spring abuts against the support portion 17, and the other end of the helical compression spring abuts against the valve body 1. Specifically, a limiting blind hole may be provided at the end of the support portion 17 facing the fourth chamber 16, allowing the helical compression spring to extend into the limiting blind hole and abut against the bottom wall of the limiting blind hole. The limiting blind hole can guide the compression and release process of the helical compression spring, preventing lateral bending deformation of the helical compression spring.

[0069] A vent 18 is provided on the valve body 1, and the vent 18 is connected to the fourth chamber 16. Specifically, the vent 18 can be located on the end face of the valve body 1. The vent 18 connects the fourth chamber 16 to the external space of the valve body 1. When the valve core slides in the open position, the gas in the fourth chamber 16 can be discharged, allowing the valve core to slide smoothly. When the valve core slides to the closed position, the gas outside the valve body 1 enters the fourth chamber 16, stabilizing the gas pressure in the fourth chamber 16.

[0070] In this embodiment of the invention, along the reference direction, the projection area of ​​the circumferential side surface of the second sealing part 9 is located within the projection area of ​​the circumferential side surface of the support part 17. That is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the support part 17 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second sealing part 9, and the support part 17 and the second sealing part 9 form a stepped structure.

[0071] When the valve core is in the closed position, the support part 17 is located on the side of the second sealing ring surface 12 away from the first sealing ring surface 11, and there is a gap between the end face of the support part 17 facing the second chamber 3 and the inner wall of the valve body 1. This gap position forms an annular working cavity 28, which is connected to the third chamber 4, and the medium in the third chamber 4 can flow into the annular working cavity 28.

[0072] With this configuration, when the pressure in the first chamber 2 and the second chamber 3 is relatively low, while the pressure in the third chamber 4 is relatively high, the pressure of the medium in the working chamber 28 connected to the third chamber 4 is also relatively high. The medium in the working chamber 28 can generate a force that moves away from the support part 17 and the valve body 1 along the reference direction. When the position of the valve body 1 is fixed, the medium in the working chamber 28 can generate a force that moves away from the support part 17 in the direction away from the first chamber 2. When the pressure in the third chamber 4 reaches a certain value, which is sufficient to overcome the resistance such as the friction between the valve core and the valve body 1 and the force exerted by the elastic element 10 on the valve core, the valve core can slide to the guiding position.

[0073] Understandably, the formation of the aforementioned annular working cavity 28 enables the isolation valve provided in this embodiment of the invention to be used in reverse. That is, in specific use, the isolation valve provided in this embodiment of the invention can be used as a confluence valve by using the first port 5 and the second port 6 as inlets and the third port 7 as outlet; or it can be used as a diversion valve by using the third port 7 as inlet and the first port 5 and the second port 6 as outlet.

[0074] When the isolation valve provided in this embodiment of the invention is applied to the fuel supply system of a rocket engine, the fuel supply system of the rocket engine includes two fuel tanks 20, two isolation valves and a gas supply device 24. One of the isolation valves is called the first isolation valve 26, which serves as a diversion valve, and the other isolation valve is called the second isolation valve 27, which serves as a confluence valve.

[0075] The fuel tank 20 has a fuel chamber 21 and a pressurization chamber 22. The fuel chamber 21 and the pressurization chamber 22 are separated by a diaphragm 23. By increasing the pressure of the pressurization chamber 22, the pressure of the fuel chamber 21 can be increased.

[0076] The gas supply end of the gas supply device 24 is connected to the third port 7 of the first isolation valve 26. The first port 5 and the second port 6 of the first isolation valve 26 are respectively connected to the pressurization chambers 22 of the two fuel tanks 20. The fuel chambers 21 of the two fuel tanks 20 are respectively connected to the first port 5 and the second port 6 of the second isolation valve 27. The third port 7 of the second isolation valve 27 is used to connect to the combustion chamber of the engine 25.

[0077] In a further embodiment, along the reference direction, the projected area of ​​the first sealing ring surface 11 coincides with the projected area of ​​the second sealing ring surface 12. Correspondingly, along the reference direction, the projected area of ​​the first sealing portion 8 coincides with the projected area of ​​the second sealing portion 9, that is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first sealing portion 8 is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the second sealing portion 9.

[0078] The medium in the second chamber 3 exerts a force on the first sealing part 8 in a direction close to the first chamber 2; this force is called the first force. Simultaneously, the medium in the second chamber 3 exerts a force on the second sealing part 9 in a direction away from the first chamber 2; this force is called the second force. The first and second forces are equal; that is, the force exerted by the medium in the second chamber 3 on the valve core is zero.

[0079] In other words, when the isolation valve is used as a confluence valve, the valve core's movement depends on the force exerted by the medium in the first chamber 2 on the valve core and the force exerted by the elastic element 10 on the valve core. When the force exerted by the medium in the first chamber 2 on the valve core can overcome the force exerted by the elastic element 10 on the valve core, the valve core slides to the directional position. When the isolation valve is used as a diverter valve, the valve core's movement depends on the force exerted by the medium in the third chamber 4 on the valve core and the force exerted by the elastic element 10 on the valve core. When the force exerted by the medium in the third chamber 4 on the valve core can overcome the force exerted by the elastic element 10 on the valve core, the valve core slides to the directional position.

[0080] It should be noted that, considering the friction factor, the force exerted by the medium in the first chamber 2 on the valve core or the force exerted by the medium in the third chamber 4 on the valve core is limited to be n times greater than the force exerted by the elastic element 10 on the valve core, where n is 1.2~1.5.

[0081] The area on the support portion 17 corresponding to the working cavity 28 is the first area, which is the difference between the cross-sectional area of ​​the support portion 17 and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second sealing portion 9. The cross-sectional area of ​​the first sealing portion 8 is the second area.

[0082] In this embodiment, when designing the isolation valve, the first area is made equal to the second area. With this setting, if the valve core can slide to the guiding position, the pressure required for the medium in the first chamber 2 when acting as a confluence valve is equal to the pressure required for the medium in the third chamber 4 when acting as a diversion valve.

[0083] Understandably, the isolation valve in this embodiment can be used as both a confluence valve and a diversion valve, and the opening pressure of the same isolation valve when used as a confluence valve is the same as the opening pressure when used as a diversion valve.

[0084] When the isolation valve provided in this embodiment of the invention is applied to the fuel supply system of a rocket engine, fuel vapor will evaporate in the fuel tank 20 when the rocket engine 25 is not operating, for example, during transportation. This vapor will increase the pressure in the fuel chamber 21 and the pressurization chamber 22, requiring that the first isolation valve 26 and the second isolation valve 27 not open due to the fuel vapor. In this embodiment, the isolation valve is designed so that its opening pressure as a confluence valve is the same as its opening pressure as a diversion valve, which facilitates the interchangeability of isolation valves of the same model and specification at the positions of the first isolation valve 26 and the second isolation valve 27.

[0085] The opening pressure of the second isolation valve 27 cannot be too high, as this would place an excessive pressure requirement on the fuel chamber 21 during opening; conversely, the opening pressure cannot be too low, as this would cause the second isolation valve 27 to open unintentionally under the pressure of the fuel vapor in the fuel chamber 21. Therefore, the opening pressure of the second isolation valve 27 needs to be set within a certain pressure range.

[0086] In a specific embodiment, the cross-section of the valve body 1 is set to be circular, and correspondingly, the cross-section of the valve core is also set to be circular. That is, the cross-sections of the first sealing part 8, the second sealing part 9, the first sealing ring surface 11, the second sealing ring surface 12, and the support part 17 are all circular.

[0087] Let the diameter of the support part 17 be denoted as D2, and the diameter of the first sealing part 8 be denoted as D1. Then, the first area is... The second area is The first area is equal to the second area, which means... ,Right now That is to say... .

[0088] Therefore, in this embodiment, the relationship between the diameter of the support portion 17 and the diameter of the first sealing portion 8 is set to 2×D1×D1=D2×D2, which can ensure that the opening pressure of the same isolation valve when used as a diverter valve is consistent with the opening pressure of the isolation valve when used as a merging valve.

[0089] In this embodiment of the invention, making the cross-sectional area of ​​the first interface 5 equal to that of the second interface 6 is beneficial to improving the consistency of the medium flow rate and pressure at the first interface 5 and the second interface 6, and improving the consistency of the fuel output speed in the two fuel tanks 20.

[0090] In summary, the isolation valve provided in this embodiment of the invention relies on the system's own pressure to open, without requiring additional circuit or air circuit connections, thus ensuring the reliability of opening and guaranteeing the reliability of sealing.

[0091] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention also provide a fuel supply system for a rocket engine, including an isolation valve and two fuel tanks 20 as provided in any of the above embodiments. Both fuel tanks 20 are used to store fuel. The first port 5 and the second port 6 of the first isolation valve 26 are respectively connected to the fuel outlets of the two fuel tanks 20, and the third port 7 of the first isolation valve 26 is used to connect to the fuel inlet of the engine 25. By increasing the pressure of the fuel in the two fuel tanks 20, when the pressure in the two fuel tanks 20 reaches a certain value, the valve core of the isolation valve will slide to the open position, so that the first chamber 2 is connected to the second chamber 3, and the second chamber 3 is connected to the third chamber 4. This allows the fuel in the two fuel tanks 20 to simultaneously flow into the third chamber 4, and then into the combustion chamber of the engine 25. This achieves simultaneous fuel supply from the two fuel tanks 20 to the engine 25, and this process does not require external driving force to operate the isolation valve.

[0092] The derivation process of the beneficial effects of the rocket engine fuel supply system in this embodiment of the invention is largely similar to the derivation process of the beneficial effects of the isolation valve described above, so it will not be repeated here.

[0093] In this embodiment of the invention, the fuel tank 20 has a fuel chamber 21 and a pressurization chamber 22. The fuel chamber 21 and the pressurization chamber 22 are separated by a diaphragm 23. By increasing the pressure of the pressurization chamber 22, the pressure of the fuel chamber 21 can be increased.

[0094] Specifically, the pressure in the booster chamber 22 can be increased by injecting gas into the booster chamber 22.

[0095] Accordingly, the rocket engine's fuel supply system also includes a second isolation valve 27 and an air supply device 24. The structure of the second isolation valve 27 is the same as that of the first isolation valve 26. The first port 5 and the second port 6 of the second isolation valve 27 are respectively connected to the pressurization chambers 22 of the two fuel tanks 20. The air supply end of the air supply device 24 is connected to the third port 7 of the second isolation valve 27.

[0096] It should be noted that the valve core of the second isolation valve 27 has a support portion 17, the valve body 1 of the second isolation valve 27 has a fourth chamber 16, and when the valve core of the second isolation valve 27 is in the closed position, the support portion 17 is located on the side of the second sealing ring surface 12 away from the first sealing ring surface 11, and there is a gap between the end face of the support portion 17 facing the second chamber 3 and the inner wall of the valve body 1, which is the annular working chamber 28, and the annular working chamber 28 is connected to the third chamber 4.

[0097] With this configuration, the pressure in the third chamber 4 of the second isolation valve 27 can be increased by the gas supply device 24, causing the valve core of the second isolation valve 27 to slide to the open position. This connects the first chamber 2 and the second chamber 3 of the second isolation valve 27 to the third chamber 4, allowing gas to be simultaneously injected into the pressurization chambers 22 of both fuel tanks 20, thereby increasing the pressure in the fuel chambers 21 of both fuel tanks 20. This, in turn, increases the pressure in the first chambers 2 and 3 of the first isolation valve 26, causing the valve core of the first isolation valve 26 to slide to the open position. This connects the first chamber 2 and the second chamber 3 of the first isolation valve 26 to the third chamber 4, allowing fuel from the fuel chambers 21 of both fuel tanks 20 to be simultaneously supplied to the combustion chamber of the engine 25.

[0098] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An isolation valve, characterized in that, include: The valve body (1) has a first chamber (2), a second chamber (3) and a third chamber (4) arranged sequentially along a reference direction. The valve body (1) is provided with a first interface (5) communicating with the first chamber (2), a second interface (6) communicating with the second chamber (3) and a third interface (7) communicating with the third chamber (4). The valve core is disposed inside the valve body (1) in a reciprocating sliding manner along the reference direction, the end face of the valve core faces the first chamber (2), and the valve core has a first sealing part (8) and a second sealing part (9). The elastic element (10) is adapted to give the valve core a tendency to slide in a direction close to the first chamber (2); The valve core is adapted to slide between a cut-off position and a conduction position under the action of the medium in the first chamber (2), the medium in the second chamber (3), and the elastic element (10). In the cut-off position, the first sealing part (8) isolates the first chamber (2) from the second chamber (3), and the second sealing part (9) isolates the second chamber (3) from the third chamber (4). In the conduction position, the first chamber (2) communicates with the second chamber (3), and the second chamber (3) communicates with the third chamber (4). A first sealing ring surface (11) is formed between the first chamber (2) and the second chamber (3), and a second sealing ring surface (12) is formed between the second chamber (3) and the third chamber (4). The valve core also has a support portion (17). When the valve core is in the cut-off position, the support part (17) is located on the side of the second sealing ring surface (12) away from the first sealing ring surface (11), and there is a gap between the end face of the support part (17) facing the second chamber (3) and the inner wall of the valve body (1), forming an annular working cavity (28), which is connected to the third chamber (4). The pressure in the third chamber (4) can be increased by the air supply device (24), causing the valve core to slide to the open position, so that the first chamber (2) and the second chamber (3) are connected to the third chamber (4).

2. The isolation valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the reference direction, the projection area of ​​the first chamber (2) is located within the projection area of ​​the first sealing ring surface (11), and the circumferential side of the first sealing part (8) is adapted to the first sealing ring surface (11); the circumferential side of the second sealing part (9) is adapted to the second sealing ring surface (12). The isolation valve also includes: The first sealing element (13) is disposed between the first sealing part (8) and the first sealing ring surface (11); The second seal (14) is disposed between the second sealing part (9) and the second sealing ring surface (12).

3. The isolation valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, Along the reference direction, the projection area of ​​the first sealing part (8) is located within the projection area of ​​the second chamber (3), and the length dimension of the first sealing part (8) is smaller than the length dimension of the second chamber (3); An annular groove (15) is formed between the first sealing part (8) and the second sealing part (9), and the length of the annular groove (15) is at least greater than the length of the first sealing ring surface (11) along the reference direction.

4. The isolation valve according to claim 3, characterized in that, The valve body (1) also has a fourth chamber (16), which is located on the side of the third chamber (4) away from the second chamber (3); The support part (17) is located on the side of the second sealing part (9) away from the first sealing part (8). The circumferential side of the support part (17) is adapted to the inner wall of the fourth chamber (16). The elastic element (10) is disposed in the fourth chamber (16). The valve body (1) is provided with a vent hole (18) that communicates with the fourth chamber (16). The isolation valve also includes: The third sealing element (19) is disposed between the support (17) and the inner wall of the fourth chamber (16).

5. The isolation valve according to claim 4, characterized in that, Along the reference direction, the projection area of ​​the circumferential side of the second sealing part (9) is located within the projection area of ​​the circumferential side of the support part (17).

6. The isolation valve according to claim 5, characterized in that, Along the reference direction, the projection area of ​​the first sealing ring surface (11) coincides with the projection area of ​​the second sealing ring surface (12), the area on the support part (17) corresponding to the working cavity (28) is the first area, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first sealing part (8) is the second area, and the first area and the second area are equal.

7. The isolation valve according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cross-section of the support part (17) is circular, and the diameter of the support part (17) is D2. The cross-section of the first sealing part (8) is circular, and the diameter of the first sealing part (8) is D1. The relationship between the diameter of the support part (17) and the diameter of the first sealing part (8) is 2×D1×D1=D2×D2.

8. The isolation valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the first interface (5) is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the second interface (6).

9. A fuel supply system for a rocket engine, characterized in that, include: Two fuel tanks (20) are used to store fuel; The first isolation valve (26) is an isolation valve as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first port (5) and the second port (6) of the first isolation valve (26) are respectively connected to the fuel outlets of the two fuel tanks (20), and the third port (7) of the first isolation valve (26) is adapted to be connected to the fuel inlet of the engine (25).

10. The fuel supply system for a rocket engine according to claim 9, characterized in that, The fuel tank (20) has a fuel chamber (21) and a pressurization chamber (22), the fuel chamber (21) and the pressurization chamber (22) being separated by a diaphragm (23). The fuel supply system of the rocket engine also includes: The second isolation valve (27) has the same structure as the first isolation valve (26). The first port (5) and the second port (6) of the second isolation valve (27) are respectively connected to the pressurization chambers (22) of the two fuel tanks (20). Gas supply device (24), the gas supply end of which is connected to the third interface (7) of the second isolation valve (27).

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