Geological profile generation method and system for geotechnical investigation

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of data processing, in particular to a geological profile generation method and system for geotechnical investigation, comprising: dividing all sampling points into independent regions according to the maximum difference between the seismic wave sampling points and the stratum distribution of adjacent core drilling sampling points, interpolating the first stratum distribution of each position in each independent region by using the stratum distribution of the core drilling sampling points, and interpolating the second stratum distribution of each position in each independent region by using the stratum distribution of the seismic wave sampling points; obtaining the fault identification error of adjacent independent regions, fusing the first stratum distribution and the second stratum distribution of each position in each independent region into the final stratum distribution of each position by using the fault identification error, and drawing the geological profile by using the final stratum distribution. The present application realizes the purpose of efficiently and accurately generating the geological profile of a large range of regions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of data processing technology, and specifically to a method and system for generating geological profile maps for geotechnical exploration. Background Technology

[0002] In geological engineering surveys and resource exploration, the efficient and accurate generation of geological profiles over large areas is crucial. These profiles are drawn using computer-aided design software (such as AutoCAD) based on stratigraphic distribution information from numerous locations. Currently, obtaining information on underground stratigraphic distribution primarily relies on two types of exploration techniques: core drilling and seismic wave exploration. Core drilling, by drilling holes at specific points and extracting core samples, allows direct observation of the composition of soil and rock at different depths (such as limestone, sandy mudstone, and argillaceous limestone) and precise measurement of the depth of various stratigraphic interfaces, providing high-precision local strata distribution information. However, its disadvantages include high cost and low efficiency. Seismic wave exploration technology uses artificial sources to generate seismic waves. By receiving and analyzing the signals reflected from seismic waves at stratigraphic interfaces, the depth of underground strata interfaces can be inverted. Its greatest advantage lies in its high efficiency and relatively low cost, making it suitable for large-scale, rapid data acquisition. However, seismic wave exploration methods have inherent accuracy problems: reflected signals are susceptible to noise interference and have low resolution, resulting in non-negligible, and sometimes even large, errors in the rock layer distribution data obtained from seismic wave sampling points. Therefore, existing exploration techniques are unable to efficiently and accurately generate geological profiles over large areas. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a method and system for generating geological profile maps for geotechnical investigation.

[0004] The method and system for generating geological profile maps for geotechnical investigation of the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] One embodiment of the present invention provides a method for generating geological profile maps for geotechnical investigation, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] Rock exploration is carried out at several sampling points, including core drilling sampling points and seismic wave sampling points. Several seismic wave sampling points are distributed between any two adjacent core drilling sampling points. The depth of all strata under each sampling point is denoted as the rock stratum distribution.

[0007] Based on the maximum difference between the rock strata distribution of the seismic wave sampling points and the rock strata distribution of the adjacent core drilling sampling points, all sampling points are divided into several independent regions. Within each independent region, the first rock strata distribution at each location is interpolated using the rock strata distribution of the core drilling sampling points, and the second rock strata distribution at each location within each independent region is interpolated using the rock strata distribution of the seismic wave sampling points.

[0008] Seismic wave sampling points at the boundary of adjacent independent regions are designated as target points. The two locations within adjacent independent regions that are closest to the boundary of the adjacent independent regions are designated as reference locations. The maximum difference between the second rock layer distribution at the target point and the first rock layer distribution at the two reference locations is designated as the fault identification error of the adjacent independent region. The first and second rock layer distributions at each location within the adjacent independent region are merged using the fault identification error to obtain the final rock layer distribution at each location. A geological profile is then drawn using the final rock layer distribution.

[0009] Preferably, the step of dividing all sampling points into several independent regions based on the maximum difference between the rock strata distribution of seismic wave sampling points and the rock strata distribution of adjacent core drilling sampling points includes the following specific steps:

[0010] For any two adjacent core drilling sampling points A and B, and any seismic wave sampling point C between A and B, the maximum difference between the rock layer distribution of C and the rock layer distribution of A and B is denoted as the discontinuity index of any seismic wave sampling point C.

[0011] For the discontinuity index of all seismic wave sampling points between core drilling sampling points A and B, if the maximum value of the discontinuity index is greater than the first preset threshold th1, the seismic wave sampling point corresponding to the maximum value of the discontinuity index is recorded as the dividing point.

[0012] For all adjacent core drilling sampling points, the dividing point obtained from all seismic wave sampling points is used to divide all sampling points into several sets, and the line segment where the sampling points in each set are located is called an independent region; wherein all sampling points are on the same straight line.

[0013] Preferably, the specific steps for obtaining the maximum difference are as follows:

[0014] For any sampling point, the depths of all rock layers in that sampling point are arranged in ascending order to obtain the rock layer depth distribution sequence of any sampling point; the rock layer depth distribution sequence of the sampling point is linearly normalized to obtain the normalized rock layer depth distribution sequence of each sampling point.

[0015] Obtain the DTW distance x1 between the normalized rock stratum depth distribution sequence of C and the normalized rock stratum depth distribution sequence of A; obtain the DTW distance x2 between the normalized rock stratum depth distribution sequence of C and the normalized rock stratum depth distribution sequence of B; and denote the maximum value of x1 and x2 as the maximum difference between the rock stratum distribution of C and the rock stratum distributions of A and B.

[0016] Preferably, the specific steps for fusing the first and second rock layer distributions at each location within adjacent independent regions using fault identification errors to obtain the final rock layer distribution at each location are as follows:

[0017] For any seismic wave sampling point in an adjacent independent region, the comprehensive error of the adjacent independent region is obtained based on the difference between the first rock layer distribution at the location of the seismic wave sampling point and the rock layer distribution at the seismic wave sampling point. The average of the comprehensive errors of all adjacent independent regions is recorded as the first index of all independent regions. The independent regions are re-divided by resetting the value of th1 so that the first index of all independent regions is minimized. The minimum value of the first index is taken as the seismic wave acquisition error.

[0018] By utilizing the fault identification error and the seismic wave acquisition error in adjacent independent regions, the first and second rock layer distributions at each location within the adjacent independent regions are merged to obtain the final rock layer distribution at each location.

[0019] Preferably, the specific steps for fusing the first and second rock layer distributions at each location within adjacent independent regions using fault identification errors and seismic wave acquisition errors to obtain the final rock layer distribution at each location are as follows:

[0020] For the independent regions redefined when the first index is minimized, and for the fault identification error of adjacent redefined independent regions, the first and second rock layer distributions at each location in adjacent independent regions are weighted and fused using the fault identification error and seismic wave acquisition error to obtain the final rock layer distribution at each location. The weight of the second rock layer distribution during fusion is negatively correlated with the fault identification error and seismic wave acquisition error.

[0021] Preferably, the specific formula for obtaining the weight when the second rock layer distribution is integrated is: w=(1-g)(1-r);

[0022] Where w represents the weight when the second rock layer distribution is integrated, g represents the fault identification error, and r represents the seismic wave acquisition error.

[0023] Preferably, the specific steps for weighted fusion of the first and second rock layer distributions at each location within adjacent independent regions using fault identification errors and seismic wave acquisition errors to obtain the final rock layer distribution at each location are as follows:

[0024] The first and second strata distributions at each location contain the depths of different strata. For the depths F1 and F2 of the same stratum in the first and second strata distributions at each location, (1-w)×F1+w×F2 is taken as the fusion depth of the stratum. The fusion depth of all strata in the first and second strata distributions constitutes the final strata distribution at each location. w represents the weight when the second strata distribution is fused.

[0025] Preferably, the specific steps for obtaining the comprehensive error of adjacent independent regions based on the difference between the first rock layer distribution at the location of the seismic wave sampling point and the rock layer distribution at the seismic wave sampling point are as follows:

[0026] For any seismic wave sampling point in an adjacent independent region, the difference between the first rock stratum distribution at the location of the seismic wave sampling point and the first rock stratum distribution is denoted as the first difference of the seismic wave sampling point. The first differences of all seismic wave sampling points in adjacent independent regions are linearly normalized, and the standard deviation of the normalized first differences is denoted as the comprehensive error of the adjacent independent regions.

[0027] Preferably, the interpolation algorithm used in the interpolation is the Kriging interpolation algorithm.

[0028] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a geological profile generation system for geotechnical investigation, the system comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes all steps of any of the above-described methods for generating geological profiles for geotechnical investigation when running the computer program.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are:

[0030] This invention involves rock exploration at several sampling points, including core drilling sampling points and seismic wave sampling points. Finally, the distribution of rock strata collected from the core drilling and seismic wave sampling points is used to obtain a geological profile. This process combines core drilling and seismic wave surveying techniques, making the generation of geological profiles more efficient.

[0031] Furthermore, this invention divides all sampling points into several independent regions based on the maximum difference between the strata distribution of seismic wave sampling points and the strata distribution of adjacent core drilling sampling points. Within each independent region, the first strata distribution at each location is interpolated using the strata distribution of the core drilling sampling points, and the second strata distribution at each location within each independent region is interpolated using the strata distribution of the seismic wave sampling points. This process, on the one hand, obtains the strata distribution at different locations through interpolation, avoiding densely packed core drilling and seismic wave sampling points, further ensuring the efficiency of geological profile generation. On the other hand, this process analyzes the stratigraphic changes at different locations based on the strata distribution obtained from seismic wave surveying technology at the seismic wave sampling points, ensuring the continuity of strata distribution changes between core drilling sampling points within each independent region, avoiding the problem of discontinuous strata distribution preventing interpolation based on the strata distribution of core drilling sampling points.

[0032] Furthermore, seismic wave sampling points at the boundaries of adjacent independent regions are designated as target points, and the two locations within each adjacent independent region that are closest to the boundary are designated as reference locations. The maximum difference between the second stratum distribution at the target point and the first stratum distribution at the two reference locations is designated as the fault identification error for the adjacent independent region. Using this fault identification error, the first and second stratum distributions at each location within the adjacent independent region are merged to obtain the final stratum distribution for each location. This process uses the fault identification error obtained from the above interpolation results to describe the ability of the stratum distribution obtained by seismic wave surveying technology to identify fault phenomena or discontinuities at stratigraphic interfaces. Based on this, the first and second stratum distributions are merged to avoid interference from errors in the seismic wave surveying technology in the final stratum distribution, ensuring the accuracy of the interpolation results. Ultimately, this achieves the goal of efficiently and accurately generating geological profile maps of large areas. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for generating geological profile maps for geotechnical investigation, provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features, and effects of the geological profile generation method and system for geotechnical investigation proposed according to the present invention. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0037] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the specific scheme of the geological profile generation method and system for rock and soil exploration provided by this invention.

[0038] Please see Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a method for generating geological profile maps for geotechnical investigation according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes the following steps:

[0039] Step S101: Conduct rock exploration at several sampling points, including core drilling sampling points and seismic wave sampling points. Several seismic wave sampling points are distributed between any two adjacent core drilling sampling points. The depth of all strata under each sampling point is denoted as the rock stratum distribution.

[0040] Multiple core drilling sampling points were marked on the mountain surface where geological profile analysis was required. In this embodiment, all core drilling sampling points were located on the same straight line. In this embodiment, 20 core drilling sampling points were selected in the area to be explored, with a spacing of 200 meters between adjacent core drilling sampling points.

[0041] Core samples are taken at each core drilling sampling point. The core samples contain soil and rock components (including limestone, sandy mudstone, argillaceous limestone, soil, etc.) at different depths at each core drilling sampling point. Any boundary between different soil and rock components is a stratigraphic interface, abbreviated as stratum. The depth of each stratum is measured in the core samples. The specific measurement method is well known and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0042] Furthermore, several seismic wave sampling points are marked between any two core drilling sampling points, with all seismic wave sampling points and all core drilling sampling points aligned on the same straight line. At each seismic wave sampling point, the depth of each stratum is measured using seismic surveying techniques. These techniques utilize artificial seismic sources to generate seismic waves. Upon encountering the strata interface, the seismic waves generate reflected signals. The interface depth is then calculated based on the reception time and amplitude of the reflected signals, thus obtaining the depth of each stratum. This process is well-known and will not be described in detail in this embodiment. In this embodiment, four seismic wave sampling points are marked between any two core drilling sampling points.

[0043] In this embodiment, all core drilling sampling points and all seismic wave sampling points are referred to as sampling points. The depth of each stratum is obtained at each sampling point, and the depth of each stratum is denoted as the stratum distribution. In this embodiment, several points are inserted at equal intervals between two adjacent sampling points, and each point is regarded as a location. The interval between adjacent locations is 10 meters, and each sampling point is also regarded as a location.

[0044] In this embodiment, the rock strata distribution at the core drilling sampling points can relatively accurately describe the interface distribution of different strata. However, due to the low resolution of seismic waves, there is significant noise interference when inverting the interface depth based on the reception time and amplitude of the reflected signal, resulting in a non-negligible error in the rock strata distribution at the seismic wave sampling points. However, compared with core drilling technology, seismic exploration technology is more efficient, less costly, and suitable for large-scale geological profile analysis. Therefore, in this embodiment, there are more seismic wave sampling points than core drilling sampling points, that is, the distance between adjacent core drilling sampling points is greater than the distance between seismic wave sampling points.

[0045] Step S102: Based on the maximum difference between the rock strata distribution of the seismic wave sampling points between adjacent core drilling sampling points and the rock strata distribution of the adjacent core drilling sampling points, divide all sampling points into several independent regions.

[0046] In this embodiment, the accuracy of the rock strata distribution at the core drilling sampling points is high. The rock strata distribution at all core drilling sampling points can be used to interpolate the rock strata distribution at all locations outside the core drilling sampling points, which helps to draw a continuous geological profile map using the rock strata distribution at all locations. The interpolation algorithm used in this embodiment is the Kriging interpolation algorithm.

[0047] However, due to the large spacing between core drilling sampling points, there may be misalignment or erosion between rock strata, resulting in discontinuous changes in the distribution of rock strata across these points. This ultimately leads to inaccuracies in the interpolated rock strata distribution across all locations, making it impossible to directly use all core drilling sampling points for interpolation. Conversely, the small spacing between seismic wave sampling points allows for interpolation using the rock strata distribution from all points, avoiding the large errors in interpolation over a wide area caused by discontinuous changes in rock strata distribution at different locations. However, the large errors in the rock strata distribution from seismic wave sampling points also prevent direct interpolation using all seismic wave sampling points.

[0048] Based on this, in this embodiment, the rock strata distribution of the seismic wave sampling points will be integrated with the rock strata distribution of the core drilling sampling points to obtain the rock strata distribution at all locations, and then a continuous geological profile will be drawn based on the layer distribution at all locations.

[0049] First, in this embodiment, based on the maximum difference between the rock strata distribution of seismic sampling points and the rock strata distribution of adjacent core drilling sampling points, all sampling points are divided into several independent regions. This process analyzes the stratigraphic changes at different locations based on the rock strata distribution obtained from seismic survey technology at the seismic sampling points, ensuring that the changes in rock strata distribution between core drilling sampling points within each independent region are continuous. This avoids the problem of being unable to interpolate based on the rock strata distribution of core drilling sampling points due to discontinuous rock strata distribution.

[0050] As an example, based on the maximum difference between the strata distribution of seismic sampling points and the strata distribution of adjacent core drilling sampling points, all sampling points are divided into several independent regions. The methods include:

[0051] For any two adjacent core drilling sampling points A and B, and any seismic wave sampling point C between A and B, obtain the difference x1 between the rock layer distribution of C and the rock layer distribution of A, and obtain the difference x2 between the rock layer distribution of C and the rock layer distribution of B. The maximum value of x1 and x2 is recorded as the discontinuity index of any seismic wave sampling point C between core drilling sampling points A and B.

[0052] The smaller the discontinuity index, the smaller the difference between the rock strata distribution at point C and those at points A and B. This means that the rock strata distribution obtained from all seismic sampling points between adjacent core drilling points is relatively similar to that obtained from adjacent core drilling sampling points, and the more likely there is continuous rock strata at the transition between the stratigraphic interfaces of A and B. Conversely, the larger the discontinuity index, the more significant the difference between the rock strata distribution at point C and those at points A or B. This means that the rock strata distribution obtained from all seismic sampling points between adjacent core drilling points is significantly different from that obtained from adjacent core drilling sampling points, and the more likely there is discontinuity in the rock strata at the transition between the stratigraphic interfaces of A and B.

[0053] As an example, the method for obtaining the difference x1 between the rock strata distribution of C and A is as follows:

[0054] For any given sampling point, the rock strata distribution is arranged in ascending order of depth, resulting in a rock strata depth distribution sequence for that sampling point. The rock strata depth distribution sequences for all sampling points are then linearly normalized to obtain a normalized rock strata depth distribution sequence for each sampling point. The purpose of the linear programming process is to remove dimensions and orders of magnitude.

[0055] Obtain the DTW distance x1 between the normalized rock layer depth distribution sequence of C and the normalized rock layer depth distribution sequence of A. The DTW distance is obtained by the DTW algorithm (Dynamic Time Warping algorithm), and its specific process is a well-known technology, which will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0056] Similarly, the difference x2 between the rock layer distribution of C and the rock layer distribution of B can be obtained.

[0057] For the discontinuity index of all seismic wave sampling points between core drilling sampling points A and B, if the maximum value of the discontinuity index is greater than the first preset threshold th1, the seismic wave sampling point corresponding to the maximum value of the discontinuity index is recorded as the dividing point. This embodiment takes th1=0.57 as an example, and its preferred value range is (0, 1).

[0058] For all seismic sampling points between all adjacent core drilling sampling points, multiple dividing points are obtained. These dividing points divide all sampling points into multiple sets, and the line segment containing the sampling points within each set is denoted as an independent region. In this embodiment, the stratigraphic changes between all locations within each independent region are considered continuous. The dividing points serve as the boundary points between adjacent independent regions in this embodiment, and in this embodiment, all boundary points belong to the independent region adjacent to the left.

[0059] Step S103: In each independent region, the rock strata distribution at each location within the region is interpolated using the rock strata distribution of the core drilling sampling points, and the second rock strata distribution at each location within the region is interpolated using the rock strata distribution of the seismic wave sampling points.

[0060] For all core drilling sampling points within each independent region, the Kriging interpolation algorithm is used to interpolate the strata distribution at each location outside all core drilling sampling points within each independent region based on the strata distribution of all core drilling sampling points.

[0061] As an example, the method for interpolating the rock strata distribution at every location outside all core drilling sampling points within each independent region includes:

[0062] The depth of the same stratum is read from the stratum distribution of all core drilling sampling points within each independent region. The Kriging interpolation algorithm is then used to interpolate the depth of the same stratum at each location outside all core drilling sampling points within each independent region, yielding the depth of the same stratum at each location outside all core drilling sampling points within each independent region. This interpolation method is then applied to the depth of all strata at each location outside all core drilling sampling points within each independent region, and this is denoted as the first stratum distribution at each location.

[0063] Specifically, when there is only one core drilling sampling point in each independent area, the seismic wave sampling point that is farthest from the core drilling sampling point is obtained in the independent area. The rock layer distribution at this seismic wave sampling point and the rock layer distribution at the core drilling sampling point are interpolated to obtain the first rock layer distribution at each location in each independent area.

[0064] Furthermore, for all seismic wave sampling points within each independent region, the Kriging interpolation algorithm is used to interpolate the second rock layer distribution at each location outside all seismic wave sampling points within each independent region based on the rock layer distribution of all seismic wave sampling points.

[0065] It should be noted that for the first stratum distribution obtained based on core drilling sampling point interpolation, the strata between sampling points in each independent region are continuous, which avoids the problem of large-scale inaccuracies in the first stratum distribution. However, the core drilling sampling points in each independent region are few and widely spaced, so the interpolated first stratum distribution still contains errors. For the second stratum distribution obtained based on seismic wave sampling point interpolation, although the spacing between seismic wave sampling points is small and the number is large, the stratum distribution obtained using seismic wave surveying technology at the seismic wave sampling points has errors. Therefore, the interpolated second stratum distribution also has significant errors. Thus, neither the first nor the second stratum distribution can be directly used to draw geological profile maps.

[0066] In other embodiments, the Kriging interpolation algorithm in the above steps can be replaced with other interpolation algorithms, such as linear interpolation algorithms.

[0067] Step S104: Obtain the fault identification error of adjacent independent regions, and use the fault identification error to merge the first rock layer distribution and the second rock layer distribution at each location in the adjacent independent regions to obtain the final rock layer distribution at each location.

[0068] For any two adjacent independent regions, the seismic wave sampling point on the boundary of the adjacent independent regions is denoted as the target point.

[0069] In any two adjacent independent regions, the two locations closest to the boundary (i.e., the target point) are obtained respectively. These two locations are located in two adjacent independent regions. The first rock layer distribution at these two locations is obtained by interpolation based on the rock layer distribution of core drilling sampling points within the independent regions, representing the rock layer distribution on both sides of the boundary point of two discontinuous stratigraphic regions. In this embodiment, these two locations are recorded as reference locations.

[0070] The target point is located between two reference positions. The discontinuity index of the target point is obtained based on the distribution of the first rock strata at the two reference positions (the specific process is the same as step S102). The fault identification error is obtained based on the discontinuity index of the target point. The fault identification error is negatively correlated with the discontinuity index.

[0071] As an example, the fault identification error is equal to exp(-y), where y represents the discontinuity index and exp() represents an exponential function with the natural constant as the base.

[0072] The smaller the fault identification error (i.e., the larger the discontinuity index), the more clearly the fault can be identified within the independent area defined by the target point, based on the distribution of the first rock layer at the interpolated reference position. This indicates that seismic wave survey technology has high accuracy in fault identification and analysis of stratigraphic changes at different locations.

[0073] The larger the fault identification error (i.e. the smaller the discontinuity index), the more likely it is that the stratigraphic interface at the target point is a transition between the stratigraphic interfaces at the two reference locations. There may be no fault or discontinuity between the stratigraphic interfaces at the reference locations, or the fault may not be clearly identified. In this case, it indicates that the error of using seismic wave survey technology is large, or even that the fault and stratigraphic changes at different locations cannot be identified.

[0074] Furthermore, the fault identification error is used to fuse the first and second rock layer distributions at each location within adjacent independent regions to obtain the final rock layer distribution at each location. The weight of the second rock layer distribution during fusion is negatively correlated with the fault identification error.

[0075] The smaller the fault identification error, the more effectively the distribution of the second strata can be used to correct the distribution of the first strata at each location within the fault. Conversely, the larger the fault identification error, the less effectively the distribution of the second strata can be used to correct the distribution of the first strata at each location within the fault.

[0076] As an example, the method of fusing the first and second rock layer distributions at each location within adjacent independent regions using fault identification errors to obtain the final rock layer distribution at each location includes:

[0077] The first and second strata distributions at each location represent the depths of different strata. For the depths F1 and F2 of the same stratum in the first and second strata distributions at each location, (1-w)×F1+w×F2 is taken as the fusion depth of that stratum. The fusion depths of all strata in the first and second strata distributions are obtained to form the final strata distribution at each location. w represents the weight when the second strata distribution is fused. In this embodiment, w is equal to 1-g, where g represents the fault identification error.

[0078] In some embodiments, when the fault identification error g is greater than 0.9, the fault identification error g is kept constant at 0.9. The purpose is to ensure that the first stratum distribution is always incorporated when the final stratum distribution is obtained.

[0079] Specifically, when a stratum in the first rock layer distribution does not appear in the second rock layer distribution, the fusion depth of that stratum in the final rock layer distribution is equal to F1. When a stratum in the second rock layer distribution does not appear in the first rock layer distribution, then the final rock layer distribution does not include that stratum (i.e., the fusion depth of that stratum in the final rock layer distribution is not calculated at this time).

[0080] Specifically, for the location of the core drilling sampling point, the final rock layer distribution at that location is equal to the rock layer distribution obtained from the core drilling sampling point. The final rock layer distributions at all locations other than the core drilling sampling point, including seismic wave sampling points, are obtained by fusing them together using the above method.

[0081] It should also be noted that the process of obtaining the final rock layer distribution at each location by merging the above-mentioned fusion is based on any two adjacent independent regions. For any independent region, there may be two adjacent independent regions on the left and right sides. At this time, each location in the independent region can be given two final rock layer distributions (obtained from the two adjacent independent regions on the left and right sides respectively). Then, the two fusion depths of the same stratum in the two final rock layer distributions are averaged, and then the two final rock layer distributions are merged into one final rock layer distribution.

[0082] Step S105: Draw a geological profile using the final rock strata distribution.

[0083] The final rock strata distribution at each location includes the depth of different strata (i.e., the fusion depth). The depths of all strata corresponding to all locations are imported into computer-aided design software for geological profile drawing. The computer-aided design software includes AutoCAD, Geochem Studio, etc., but this embodiment is not limited to computer-aided design software.

[0084] For example, in some embodiments, after importing the depths of all strata corresponding to all locations into computer-aided design software, straight lines are drawn connecting the same strata at adjacent locations to obtain stratigraphic interface lines, thereby generating a geological profile. The two adjacent stratigraphic interface lines represent a type of rock and soil composition (e.g., limestone, sandy mudstone, argillaceous limestone, etc.). The specific method of using computer-aided design software to draw geological profiles based on strata depth is well-known, and this embodiment does not impose specific limitations.

[0085] In some embodiments, only the stratigraphic depth of a portion of the location can be imported to draw a local geological profile, thereby reducing the amount of data and the time required to draw the profile.

[0086] This concludes the example.

[0087] Example 2:

[0088] In Example 1, a fault identification error was obtained based on any two adjacent independent regions.

[0089] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is as follows:

[0090] When the fault identification error is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold th2, another method is provided: the fault identification error is used to merge the first rock layer distribution and the second rock layer distribution at each location in adjacent independent regions to obtain the final rock layer distribution at each location.

[0091] Specifically, when the fault identification error is greater than or equal to th2, it indicates that the fault identification error is large. The reason may not only be due to the inability of seismic wave survey technology to identify faults and changes in rock strata at different locations, but may also be due to interpolation error. The interpolation error refers to the error in the distribution of the first rock strata obtained by interpolation at the reference position caused by inappropriate division of independent areas.

[0092] In this embodiment, th2=0, indicating that this embodiment is executed regardless of the value of the fault identification error. In other embodiments, th2 can be set to other values, with the preferred value range being [0, 1].

[0093] For any two adjacent independent regions where the fault identification error is greater than or equal to th2, for any seismic wave sampling point in any two adjacent independent regions, for the first rock stratum distribution at the location of the seismic wave sampling point, the difference between the rock stratum distribution at the seismic wave sampling point and the first rock stratum distribution is obtained (the specific process is the same as step S102), and recorded as the first difference of the seismic wave sampling point. This describes the difference between the first rock stratum distribution interpolated at the core drilling sampling point and the rock stratum distribution acquired by the seismic survey technology at the seismic wave sampling point.

[0094] The first difference among all seismic wave sampling points in any two adjacent independent regions is linearly normalized. The standard deviation of the normalized first difference is denoted as the comprehensive error. The purpose of linear normalization is to remove dimensions and orders of magnitude. A larger comprehensive error indicates a significant inconsistency between the first stratum distribution interpolated from the core drilling sampling points and the stratum distribution acquired by seismic survey technology at the seismic wave sampling points. This inconsistency is due to both the larger error in the stratum distribution acquired by seismic survey technology at the seismic wave sampling points and the larger interpolation error in the first stratum distribution interpolated from the core drilling sampling points.

[0095] At this point, a combined error is obtained for any two adjacent independent regions.

[0096] Furthermore, for all independent regions, the mean of the combined error of all adjacent independent regions is denoted as the first index.

[0097] The value of th1 is reset to redefine the independent regions, minimizing the first index. The minimum value of the first index is used as the seismic wave acquisition error.

[0098] It should be noted that different values ​​of th1 will result in different numbers of core drilling sampling points within an independent area, leading to different interpolation errors when interpolating the first stratum distribution based on the core drilling sampling points. When the first index is minimized, the interpolation error included in the above-mentioned comprehensive error is minimized, or in other words, the interpolation error is smaller and negligible compared to the error of the stratum distribution at the seismic wave sampling points. Therefore, this embodiment uses the minimum value of the first index to evaluate the error of the stratum distribution at the seismic wave sampling points, that is, the minimum value of the first index is taken as the seismic wave acquisition error.

[0099] Furthermore, for the newly divided independent regions when the first index is minimized, the first and second rock layer distributions at each location within adjacent independent regions are merged using the fault identification error to obtain the final rock layer distribution at each location. The weight of the second rock layer distribution during fusion is negatively correlated with both the fault identification error and the seismic wave acquisition error. The fault identification error at this point is obtained based on the newly divided independent regions when the first index is minimized (see step S104 for details).

[0100] As an example, the weight w = (1-g)(1-r) when the second rock layer distribution is fused, where r represents the seismic wave acquisition error.

[0101] The fault identification error reflects the ability of seismic wave survey technology to identify fault phenomena or discontinuities at stratigraphic interfaces in the rock strata distribution. The seismic wave acquisition error reflects the magnitude of the error in the rock strata distribution at a single seismic wave sampling point. This embodiment integrates the first and second rock strata distributions at each location based on the fault identification error and the seismic wave acquisition error. This avoids the problem of large errors when using a small number of core drilling sampling points with large spacing to obtain the rock strata distribution at each location through interpolation. Simultaneously, it fully utilizes the rock strata distributions from a large number of low-cost but error-prone seismic wave sampling points, ensuring efficient and accurate acquisition of the final rock strata distribution at each location, which helps in drawing accurate geological slope maps.

[0102] As an example, resetting the value of th1 to redefine independent regions to minimize the first metric includes the following methods:

[0103] Multiple values ​​for th1 are set, such as 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, ..., 1. Each value of th1 can be used to divide several independent regions using the method in step S102 of embodiment one. These independent regions can obtain a first index according to the method described above in this embodiment. The first index with the smallest value among all values ​​of th1 is taken as the seismic wave acquisition error.

[0104] Example 3:

[0105] This embodiment provides a geological profile generation system for geotechnical investigation. The system includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor runs the computer program, it performs all the steps in all the embodiments described above.

[0106] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for generating geological profile maps for rock and soil investigation, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Rock exploration is carried out at several sampling points, including core drilling sampling points and seismic wave sampling points. Several seismic wave sampling points are distributed between any two adjacent core drilling sampling points. The depth of all strata under each sampling point is denoted as the rock stratum distribution. Based on the maximum difference between the rock strata distribution of the seismic wave sampling points and the rock strata distribution of the adjacent core drilling sampling points, all sampling points are divided into several independent regions. Within each independent region, the first rock strata distribution at each location is interpolated using the rock strata distribution of the core drilling sampling points, and the second rock strata distribution at each location within each independent region is interpolated using the rock strata distribution of the seismic wave sampling points. Seismic wave sampling points at the boundary of adjacent independent regions are designated as target points. The two locations within adjacent independent regions that are closest to the boundary of the adjacent independent regions are designated as reference locations. Based on the distribution of the second rock strata at the target point and the distribution of the first rock strata at the two reference locations, the discontinuity index of the target point is determined. Based on the discontinuity index, the fault identification error of the target point is obtained. The fault identification error is used to merge the distribution of the first and second rock strata at each location within the adjacent independent regions to obtain the final rock strata distribution at each location. The final rock strata distribution is then used to draw a geological profile.

2. The method for generating geological profile maps for rock and soil investigation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of dividing all sampling points into several independent regions based on the maximum difference between the rock strata distribution of seismic wave sampling points between adjacent core drilling sampling points and the rock strata distribution of adjacent core drilling sampling points includes the following specific steps: For any two adjacent core drilling sampling points A and B, and any seismic wave sampling point C between A and B, the maximum difference between the rock layer distribution of C and the rock layer distribution of A and B is denoted as the discontinuity index of any seismic wave sampling point C. For the discontinuity index of all seismic wave sampling points between core drilling sampling points A and B, if the maximum value of the discontinuity index is greater than the first preset threshold th1, the seismic wave sampling point corresponding to the maximum value of the discontinuity index is recorded as the dividing point. For all adjacent core drilling sampling points, the dividing point obtained from all seismic wave sampling points is used to divide all sampling points into several sets, and the line segment where the sampling points in each set are located is called an independent region; wherein all sampling points are on the same straight line.

3. The method for generating geological profile maps for rock and soil investigation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific steps for obtaining the maximum difference are as follows: For any sampling point, the depths of all rock layers in that sampling point are arranged in ascending order to obtain the rock layer depth distribution sequence of any sampling point; the rock layer depth distribution sequence of the sampling point is linearly normalized to obtain the normalized rock layer depth distribution sequence of each sampling point. Obtain the DTW distance x1 between the normalized rock stratum depth distribution sequence of C and the normalized rock stratum depth distribution sequence of A; obtain the DTW distance x2 between the normalized rock stratum depth distribution sequence of C and the normalized rock stratum depth distribution sequence of B; and denote the maximum value of x1 and x2 as the maximum difference between the rock stratum distribution of C and the rock stratum distributions of A and B.

4. The method for generating geological profile maps for geotechnical investigation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific steps involved in fusing the first and second rock layer distributions at each location within adjacent independent regions using fault identification errors to obtain the final rock layer distribution at each location are as follows: For any seismic wave sampling point in an adjacent independent region, the comprehensive error of the adjacent independent region is obtained based on the difference between the first rock layer distribution at the location of the seismic wave sampling point and the rock layer distribution at the seismic wave sampling point. The average of the comprehensive errors of all adjacent independent regions is recorded as the first index of all independent regions. The independent regions are re-divided by resetting the value of th1 so that the first index of all independent regions is minimized. The minimum value of the first index is taken as the seismic wave acquisition error. By utilizing the fault identification error and the seismic wave acquisition error in adjacent independent regions, the first and second rock layer distributions at each location within the adjacent independent regions are merged to obtain the final rock layer distribution at each location.

5. The method for generating geological profile maps for rock and soil investigation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific steps involved in fusing the first and second rock layer distributions at each location within adjacent independent regions using fault identification errors and seismic wave acquisition errors to obtain the final rock layer distribution at each location are as follows: For the independent regions redefined when the first index is minimized, and for the fault identification error of adjacent redefined independent regions, the first and second rock layer distributions at each location in adjacent independent regions are weighted and fused using the fault identification error and seismic wave acquisition error to obtain the final rock layer distribution at each location. The weight of the second rock layer distribution during fusion is negatively correlated with the fault identification error and seismic wave acquisition error.

6. The method for generating geological profile maps for rock and soil investigation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific formula for obtaining the weight of the second rock layer distribution fusion is: w=(1-g)(1-r); Where w represents the weight when the second rock layer distribution is integrated, g represents the fault identification error, and r represents the seismic wave acquisition error.

7. The method for generating geological profile maps for geotechnical investigation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific steps involved in weighted fusion of the first and second rock strata distributions at each location within adjacent independent regions, utilizing fault identification errors and seismic wave acquisition errors to obtain the final rock strata distribution at each location, are as follows: The first and second strata distributions at each location contain the depths of different strata. For the depths F1 and F2 of the same stratum in the first and second strata distributions at each location, (1-w)×F1+w×F2 is taken as the fusion depth of the stratum. The fusion depth of all strata in the first and second strata distributions constitutes the final strata distribution at each location. w represents the weight when the second strata distribution is fused.

8. The method for generating geological profile maps for rock and soil investigation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the comprehensive error of adjacent independent regions based on the difference between the first rock layer distribution at the location of the seismic wave sampling point and the rock layer distribution at the seismic wave sampling point includes the following specific steps: For any seismic wave sampling point in an adjacent independent region, the difference between the first rock stratum distribution at the location of the seismic wave sampling point and the first rock stratum distribution is denoted as the first difference of the seismic wave sampling point. The first differences of all seismic wave sampling points in adjacent independent regions are linearly normalized, and the standard deviation of the normalized first differences is denoted as the comprehensive error of the adjacent independent regions.

9. The method for generating geological profile maps for rock and soil investigation according to claim 8, characterized in that, The interpolation algorithm used in the interpolation is the Kriging interpolation algorithm.

10. A geological profile generation system for geotechnical investigation, comprising: The memory, the processor, and the computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor are characterized in that, when the processor runs the computer program, it performs all the steps of the method for generating geological profile maps for geotechnical investigation according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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