A fertilization recommendation method combined with rice seedling raising and fertilizer loading technology

Abstract

This invention discloses a fertilization recommendation method combining rice seedling raising and fertilization technology in the field of agricultural production technology, including the following steps: S1, obtaining geological and seedling conditions; S2, pre-setting rice growth requirements; S3, calculating additional nutrient amounts; S4, dividing the rice growth cycle; S5, recommending fertilization amounts according to the stage. This invention incorporates the nutrient supply of seedling raising and fertilization into the fertilization plan for the entire growth period, achieving precise matching; it significantly reduces the amount of fertilizer applied in the early stage and throughout the entire growth period of rice without affecting yield, thereby improving fertilizer utilization; through dynamic matching of the fertilization supply in the early stage and the fertilization requirements in the middle and later stages, it avoids resource waste caused by excessive fertilization and reduces fertilizer costs; it scientifically allocates nutrient ratios according to the nutrient absorption efficiency at each stage, improving fertilizer utilization; it can increase the final yield; and by combining soil fertility indicators and historical data, it identifies soil nutrient surplus and deficit trends, and achieves soil nutrient recycling through the dynamic ratio of controlled-release fertilizer and organic fertilizer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural production technology, and in particular to a recommended fertilization method that combines rice seedling raising and fertilization technology. Background Technology

[0002] Rice is an important food crop, and its yield and quality directly affect food security. Fertilizer management is a crucial factor influencing yield and quality during rice production. However, traditional rice fertilization methods require application during transplanting or tillering stages, when the rice plants are small and their nutrient absorption is limited. On the one hand, excessive fertilization leads to low nutrient utilization and environmental pollution, and repeated fertilization increases production costs; on the other hand, insufficient fertilization limits the yield potential of rice.

[0003] In recent years, controlled-release fertilizers have been applied to rice production due to their nutrient release patterns being more closely aligned with crop nutrient requirements. However, current technologies often involve broadcasting or hole application of controlled-release fertilizers in the field, requiring additional labor or production costs. Furthermore, they may struggle to precisely target the root system of rice plants, leading to delayed fertilizer effectiveness or nutrient loss. Rice seedling raising and fertilization technology combines controlled-release fertilizers with seedling raising techniques, providing a new approach to precision fertilization in rice. This technology places controlled-release fertilizer within the root space of the seedlings during the seedling raising stage, effectively ensuring early nutrient supply after transplanting. This new technology challenges existing fertilization recommendation methods, which fail to fully utilize the early nutrient supply characteristics to optimize subsequent fertilization, resulting in a mismatch between recommended solutions and actual field nutrient supply.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an optimized fertilization recommendation method that combines rice seedling raising and fertilization technology, incorporates fertilizer supply information during the seedling raising period into fertilization decisions, dynamically adjusts fertilization strategies in the middle and later stages, and achieves efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly rice fertilization management. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a new fertilization recommendation method that combines rice seedling raising and fertilization technology. This solution addresses the problems of traditional fertilization recommendations lacking consideration of the fertilizer efficiency contribution of fertilization during the seedling raising stage, leading to unreasonable overall fertilization plans; lacking precise fertilization decisions based on actual soil nutrient conditions, rice growth cycle nutrient requirements, and controlled-release fertilizer release curves; and how to reduce total fertilizer application, improve fertilizer utilization, and reduce environmental risks while ensuring yield and quality.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: a recommended fertilization method combining rice seedling raising and fertilization technology, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Obtain geological and seedling status: Collect data on planting plots and status data during the rice seedling stage to construct the early fertilizer loading and supply.

[0008] The fertilizer is a compound formula containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements, and the trace elements include Zn, B and Mn.

[0009] The fertilizer particles for loading have a diameter of 1–3 mm and are coated with polymer coating or biodegradable film with a coating thickness of 0.1–0.3 mm, so that the nutrient release period covers at least the early growth stage of rice to the tillering stage.

[0010] S2. Preset rice growth requirements: Based on the type of rice and historical data, predict the duration of rice planting and the amount of fertilizer required during the rice planting process.

[0011] S3. Calculate the additional nutrients: Subtract the amount of fertilizer supplied in the early stage from the amount of fertilizer used for growth to obtain the additional nutrients during the rice growth process.

[0012] S4. Divide the growth cycle of rice: Divide the rice growth cycle into time periods: seedling stage, tillering stage, jointing and booting stage, heading and flowering stage, grain filling stage, and maturity stage.

[0013] S5. Recommended fertilization amount according to stage: Based on the time periods of seedling stage, tillering stage, jointing and booting stage, heading and flowering stage, grain filling stage and maturity stage, determine the growth time of rice at each stage, and divide the extra nutrients according to different stages, and recommend the fertilization amount according to the nutrients at each stage.

[0014] Furthermore, the data information of the planting plot in S1 includes soil fertility indicators and historical fertilization records, and the varietal characteristics and expected yield targets of rice are set as the data information of the planting plot; wherein the soil fertility indicators include the content of total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter;

[0015] The data of the planting plots are collected through soil testing instruments, laboratory analysis or remote sensing technology, and the growth cycle, stress resistance and tillering ability of rice varieties are determined by the characteristics of the rice varieties. The expected yield target is set at 500-700 kg per mu.

[0016] Furthermore, the state data information of rice seedling stage in S1 includes the type of slow-release fertilizer, application rate, nutrient content and release curve;

[0017] The controlled-release fertilizer, whose state data during the rice seedling stage is obtained by querying tags or databases, determines the type of controlled-release fertilizer to be applied. The type includes coated fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer, or controlled-release fertilizer. Combined with the release curve, which includes a temperature-time response function or a humidity-time response function, and the nutrient content is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio, a dynamic fertilizer release model is established.

[0018] Furthermore, the rice planting time in S2 is divided into early stage and middle and late stage. The early stage is set as the growth stage, namely the seedling stage, the greening stage and the tillering stage. The middle and late stage is set as the grain filling stage, namely the jointing and booting stage, the heading and flowering stage, the grain filling stage and the maturity stage.

[0019] The calculation of the amount of growth fertilizer is as follows;

[0020] Calculation of fertilizer supply in the early stage: Based on the release curve of the slow-release fertilizer and the early growth period, the cumulative release of fertilizer in the early stage is calculated by the time integration method.

[0021] Fertilizer requirements in the middle and late stages are estimated based on the rice growth cycle, namely the grain-filling stage, which includes the jointing and booting stage, the heading and flowering stage, the grain-filling stage, and the maturity stage. Combined with soil fertility indicators and target yield, the additional nutrients required in the middle and late stages are calculated through the balance equation.

[0022] Furthermore, the initial fertilizer supply is based on the release pattern of controlled-release fertilizer, and the nutrient release at each stage is simulated using a crop growth model; the total amount of controlled-release fertilizer supplied in the early stage is calculated using a soil nutrient balance model, and the leaching loss is adjusted in conjunction with meteorological forecasts; the simulation results are compared with historical fertilizer supply to identify soil nutrient surplus and deficit trends, and the model parameters are corrected to improve prediction accuracy.

[0023] Furthermore, the dynamic estimation of fertilizer requirements in the mid-to-late stages is achieved by calculating the total fertilizer requirements of rice in the mid-to-late stages using a crop growth model, and dynamically adjusting the requirements in conjunction with the target yield and current yield potential; a stress coefficient is introduced to eliminate the impact of environmental factors such as high temperature stress, drought, and flooding on nutrient absorption efficiency; and soil testing and plant nutrition diagnosis are used to assess the contribution of residual nutrients from previously applied slow-release fertilizers to the mid-to-late stage requirements, thereby reducing repeated fertilization.

[0024] Furthermore, the nutrient absorption efficiency of rice cultivation is divided into time periods in S4, with high nitrogen absorption efficiency during the tillering stage and high phosphorus absorption efficiency during the jointing and booting stage. The nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratio of additional nutrients is optimized, with the recommended nitrogen content of 15-20% during the tillering stage and the phosphorus content of 25-30% during the jointing stage.

[0025] Furthermore, a micronutrient requirement model is introduced to supplement the micronutrient requirements in the additional nutrient intake, including the recommended dosages of zinc fertilizer and boron fertilizer.

[0026] Furthermore, the growth time for each stage in S5:

[0027] The physiological development stages of rice are divided according to meteorological conditions, and the specific time periods are as follows: seedling stage is 15-25 days after sowing, tillering stage is 15-30 days after tillering, jointing and booting stage is 20-35 days after tillering, heading and flowering stage is 10-15 days after jointing and booting, grain filling stage is 30-40 days after heading and flowering, and maturity stage is 15-25 days after grain filling.

[0028] Dynamically calibrate the time range of each stage using crop growth models and climate prediction data;

[0029] Analyze the impact of climate anomalies on the growth cycle and adjust the start and end times of each stage;

[0030] Based on the soil moisture and nutrient supply status, determine whether it is necessary to adjust the growth stage division.

[0031] Furthermore, the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium requirements in the additional nutrients in S5 are as follows:

[0032] During the jointing and booting stage: nitrogen requirement is 30-40%; phosphorus requirement is 20-30%; potassium requirement is 30-40%.

[0033] During the heading and flowering stage: nitrogen requirement is 20-30%; phosphorus requirement is 10-20%; potassium requirement is 20-30%.

[0034] Grouting period: Nitrogen requirement 10-20%; Phosphorus requirement 10-15%; Potassium requirement 30-40%;

[0035] Maturity stage: Nitrogen requirement 5-10%; Phosphorus requirement 5-10%; Potassium requirement 5-10%.

[0036] Furthermore, the recommended nutrient application rate in S5 is as follows:

[0037] Nutrient matching strategy during the jointing and booting stages: Select high-nitrogen and high-potassium slow-release fertilizer, which is a mixture of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer and fast-acting potassium fertilizer; apply in multiple applications, i.e., apply nitrogen fertilizer during the jointing stage and supplement potassium fertilizer during the booting stage.

[0038] Nutrient matching strategy during the heading and flowering stage: Select controlled nitrogen slow-release fertilizer or fast-acting phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; apply fast-acting phosphorus and potassium fertilizer by foliar spraying or apply controlled nitrogen slow-release fertilizer by root topdressing;

[0039] Nutrient matching strategy during the grain filling period: Select high-potassium slow-release fertilizer with nitrogen control and high-potassium fertilizer, and apply it in multiple applications in combination with urea, a fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer; apply nitrogen control and high-potassium fertilizer to the roots and spray phosphorus fertilizer on the leaves.

[0040] Nutrient matching strategy during maturity: reduce nitrogen fertilizer application and increase potassium fertilizer and micronutrients; use foliar spraying of silicon fertilizer and micronutrients or root topdressing of a small amount of potassium fertilizer.

[0041] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention incorporates the nutrient supply of seedling cultivation and fertilization into the fertilization plan throughout the entire growth period, achieving precise matching; it significantly reduces the amount of fertilizer applied in the early stage and throughout the entire growth period of rice without affecting yield, thereby improving fertilizer utilization; it combines real-time monitoring and meteorological data to adjust fertilization recommendations, adapting to different climates and growth conditions; it reduces fertilizer loss and environmental pollution, promoting the development of green agriculture; and it can be seamlessly integrated with existing seedling cultivation models and fertilization equipment, making it suitable for large-scale promotion.

[0042] This invention avoids resource waste caused by excessive fertilization and reduces fertilizer costs by dynamically matching the amount of fertilizer supplied in the early stage with the amount required in the middle and later stages; it scientifically allocates nutrient ratios according to the nutrient absorption efficiency at each stage to improve fertilizer utilization; it adopts a phased fertilization strategy of applying nitrogen fertilizer during the tillering stage and supplementing potassium fertilizer during the booting stage to reduce the amount of fertilizer applied at one time, thereby reducing labor costs and equipment wear and tear; and it precisely matches nutrient requirements to ensure that rice receives sufficient nutrients during key growth stages, which can increase the final yield.

[0043] This invention combines soil fertility indicators and historical data to identify soil nutrient surplus and deficit trends. By dynamically combining slow-release fertilizers and organic fertilizers, it achieves soil nutrient recycling and avoids soil degradation caused by long-term single fertilization. By supplementing with micronutrients and silicon fertilizers, it enhances rice's adaptability to adverse conditions such as high temperature, drought, and flooding, and reduces pesticide use. It utilizes Internet of Things (IoT) technology to monitor nutrient status in real time and dynamically adjust fertilization plans, reducing resource waste and improving the resource utilization efficiency of the agricultural system.

[0044] Other features and advantages of the invention will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the steps in a recommended fertilization method that combines rice seedling raising and fertilization technology in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, a recommended fertilization method combining rice seedling raising and fertilization technology includes the following steps:

[0049] S1. Obtain geological and seedling status: Collect data on planting plots and status data during the rice seedling stage to construct the early fertilizer loading and supply.

[0050] The fertilizer is a compound formula containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements, and the trace elements include Zn, B and Mn.

[0051] The fertilizer particles for loading have a diameter of 1–3 mm and are coated with polymer coating or biodegradable film with a coating thickness of 0.1–0.3 mm, so that the nutrient release period covers at least the early growth stage of rice to the tillering stage.

[0052] Basic Formula

[0053] Nitrogen (N): Urea or ammonium nitrate is used as the nitrogen source, accounting for 30%-50%, which is adjusted according to the total nitrogen content of the soil and the target yield;

[0054] Phosphorus (P): Diammonium phosphate or superphosphate is used as the phosphorus source, accounting for 10%-20%, which is adjusted according to the available phosphorus content in the soil and the phosphorus requirement during the tillering stage;

[0055] Potassium (K): Potassium sulfate or potassium chloride is used as the potassium source, accounting for 15%-25%, which is adjusted according to the available potassium content in the soil and the potassium demand during the grouting period;

[0056] Trace elements: Contains trace elements such as zinc, boron, and manganese, accounting for 1%-3%, supplemented according to soil test results and pest and disease risks;

[0057] Adjust the formula according to the rice variety.

[0058] Nitrogen fertilizer ratio for early rice: Increase the nitrogen release rate (such as high-nitrogen slow-release fertilizer), and the fertilizer supply should cover the tillering stage (15-30 days) and the jointing and booting stage (20-35 days).

[0059] Phosphorus fertilizer ratio: Appropriately increase phosphorus content (such as phosphorus-containing slow-release fertilizer) to meet the rapid demand of early rice during tillering and grain filling stages;

[0060] Nitrogen fertilizer ratio for mid-season rice: Use medium-nitrogen slow-release fertilizer, with the fertilizer supply cycle covering the tillering stage (30-40 days) and the jointing and booting stage (30-45 days).

[0061] Potassium fertilizer ratio: Increase potassium release (such as high-potassium slow-release fertilizer) to meet the long-term needs of mid-season rice during the grain-filling stage;

[0062] Nitrogen fertilizer ratio for late-season rice: Reduce nitrogen release rate (e.g., low-nitrogen slow-release fertilizer) to avoid excessive nitrogen in the later stages, which can lead to lodging.

[0063] Phosphorus-potassium fertilizer ratio: Optimize the phosphorus-potassium ratio (e.g., phosphorus-potassium ratio 1:2) to meet the nutrient requirements of late rice during the grain-filling stage;

[0064] Formula adjustment according to soil type

[0065] Nitrogen fertilizer ratio for clay: Increase nitrogen content (e.g., nitrogen content 20%-30%), because clay has a strong ability to retain fertilizer, but nitrogen is easily fixed;

[0066] Phosphate fertilizer ratio: Reduce the amount of phosphate fertilizer used (e.g., 10%-15%), because clay easily absorbs phosphorus, so it is necessary to choose a type of phosphate fertilizer that releases phosphorus easily.

[0067] Nitrogen fertilizer ratio for sandy loam soil: reduce nitrogen content (e.g., 15%-25%), as sandy loam soil has poor water retention and is prone to nitrogen leaching;

[0068] Potassium fertilizer ratio: Increase potassium content (e.g., 20%-30%), as nutrients are easily lost in sandy loam soil, so it is necessary to enhance the fertilizer retention capacity;

[0069] Soil nitrogen fertilizer ratio: Use medium-nitrogen slow-release fertilizer (e.g., 18%-28%) to balance fertilizer retention and leaching risk;

[0070] Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer ratio: Maintain a moderate phosphorus and potassium content (e.g., phosphorus 12%-18%, potassium 18%-25%) to adapt to the moderate fertilizer holding capacity of the loam.

[0071] S2. Preset rice growth requirements: Based on the type of rice and historical data, predict the duration of rice planting and the amount of fertilizer required during the rice planting process.

[0072] S3. Calculate the additional nutrients: Subtract the amount of fertilizer supplied in the early stage from the amount of fertilizer used for growth to obtain the additional nutrients during the rice growth process.

[0073] S4. Divide the growth cycle of rice: Divide the rice growth cycle into time periods: seedling stage, tillering stage, jointing and booting stage, heading and flowering stage, grain filling stage, and maturity stage.

[0074] S5. Recommended fertilization amount according to stage: Based on the time periods of seedling stage, tillering stage, jointing and booting stage, heading and flowering stage, grain filling stage and maturity stage, determine the growth time of rice at each stage, and divide the extra nutrients according to different stages, and recommend the fertilization amount according to the nutrients at each stage.

[0075] In this embodiment, preferably, the data information of the planting plot in S1 includes soil fertility indicators and historical fertilization records, and the varietal characteristics and expected yield target of rice are set as the data information of the planting plot; wherein the soil fertility indicators include the content of total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter;

[0076] The data information of the planting plots is collected through soil testing instruments, laboratory analysis or remote sensing technology, and the growth cycle, stress resistance and tillering ability of rice varieties are determined by the characteristics of the rice varieties. The expected yield target is set at 500-700 kg per mu.

[0077] It should be noted that by collecting soil fertility indicators and historical fertilization records, combined with the characteristics of rice varieties and expected yield targets, the matching degree between soil nutrient supply capacity and crop needs can be accurately identified, avoiding nutrient over- or under-supplied nutrients. Based on soil testing instruments, laboratory analysis, or remote sensing technology, soil nutrient data can be acquired in real time. Combined with the release patterns of slow-release fertilizers, the amount of fertilizer supplied in the early stages can be predicted, reducing the blind spots caused by traditional experience-based fertilization and improving fertilizer utilization.

[0078] In this embodiment, preferably, the state data information of rice seedling stage in S1 includes the type of slow-release fertilizer, application amount, nutrient content and release curve;

[0079] The controlled-release fertilizer, whose state data during the rice seedling stage is used, is determined by querying tags or databases to identify the type of controlled-release fertilizer to be applied. The type includes coated fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer, or controlled-release fertilizer. The release curve is combined with the release curve, which includes a temperature-time response function or a humidity-time response function. The nutrient content is the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio, and a fertilizer release dynamic model is established.

[0080] It should be noted that by using tags or database queries, the appropriate type of slow-release fertilizer for the current seedling stage can be quickly determined. The optimal fertilizer type can be selected based on the characteristics of the rice variety, avoiding nutrient imbalances caused by indiscriminate application. A dynamic fertilizer release model can be constructed using temperature-time or humidity-time response functions to accurately predict the release rate of fertilizer under different environmental conditions, ensuring efficient nutrient supply during key growth stages of rice. By analyzing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content and release curves, the fertilizer formula can be dynamically adjusted to ensure a high degree of match between nutrient supply and crop needs at each stage, avoiding nutrient over- or under-supplied amounts.

[0081] In this embodiment, preferably, the rice planting time in S2 is divided into early stage and middle and late stage, and the early stage is set as the growth stage, namely the seedling stage, the greening stage and the tillering stage, and the middle and late stage is set as the grain filling stage, namely the jointing and booting stage, the heading and flowering stage, the grain filling stage and the maturity stage.

[0082] The calculation of the amount of growth fertilizer is as follows;

[0083] Calculation of fertilizer supply in the early stage: Based on the release curve of the slow-release fertilizer and the early growth period, the cumulative release of fertilizer in the early stage is calculated by the time integration method.

[0084] Fertilizer requirements in the middle and late stages: Based on the rice growth cycle, namely the grain-filling stage, which includes the jointing and booting stage, heading and flowering stage, grain-filling stage and maturity stage, combined with soil fertility indicators and target yield, the additional nutrients required in the middle and late stages are calculated through the balance equation.

[0085] It should be noted that dividing the rice planting period into early and middle-to-late stages makes it easier to adjust the fertilizer ratio and dosage according to the growth status of the rice at different stages; clarifying the key physiological needs of each stage provides clear time nodes for the phased fertilization strategy, avoiding the extensive management of the traditional "one-shot" fertilization.

[0086] In this embodiment, preferably, the initial fertilizer supply is based on the release pattern of controlled-release fertilizer, and the nutrient release at each stage is simulated by a crop growth model; the total amount of controlled-release fertilizer supplied in the early stage is calculated using a soil nutrient balance model, and the leaching loss is adjusted in conjunction with meteorological forecasts; the simulation results are compared with historical fertilizer supply to identify soil nutrient surplus and deficit trends, and the model parameters are corrected to improve prediction accuracy.

[0087] It should be noted that by combining the release patterns of controlled-release fertilizers with crop growth models, the nutrient release at each growth stage is scientifically simulated. The total amount of fertilizer supplied in the early stage is calculated based on the soil nutrient balance model. Nitrogen and phosphorus leaching losses are dynamically adjusted in conjunction with meteorological forecasts. At the same time, by comparing and analyzing historical fertilizer supply and simulation results, the soil nutrient surplus and deficit trends are accurately identified and model parameters are corrected, thereby improving the scientificity and adaptability of early fertilizer supply prediction. This achieves a precise match between nutrient supply and crop demand. Furthermore, dynamic model optimization reduces fertilizer waste and environmental pollution. In addition, iterative correction of model parameters based on historical data enhances the stability and sustainability of long-term fertilization programs.

[0088] In this embodiment, preferably, the dynamic estimation of the mid-to-late stage fertilizer requirement is calculated by crop growth model to determine the total fertilizer requirement of rice in the mid-to-late stage, and the requirement is dynamically adjusted in combination with the target yield and the current yield potential; a stress coefficient is introduced to eliminate the impact of high temperature stress, drought and flood environmental factors on nutrient absorption efficiency; and the contribution of residual nutrients from the slow-release fertilizer applied in the early stage to the mid-to-late stage requirement is evaluated through soil testing and plant nutrition diagnosis to reduce repeated fertilization.

[0089] It should be noted that the total fertilizer requirement of rice in the middle and late stages is dynamically calculated through crop growth models, and real-time adjustments are made based on the target yield and current yield potential. At the same time, stress coefficients of environmental factors such as high temperature stress, drought, and flooding are introduced to accurately simulate fluctuations in nutrient absorption efficiency, optimize fertilization strategies to cope with climate uncertainty, and significantly reduce nutrient loss caused by environmental stress. Through soil testing and plant nutrition diagnosis, the contribution of residual nutrients from early-stage controlled-release fertilizers to the demand in the middle and late stages is assessed, avoiding repeated fertilization and resource waste. This not only improves the utilization rate of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium and reduces fertilization costs, but also reduces nitrogen and phosphorus leaching and soil pollution by dynamically adjusting the supply and demand relationship, thus promoting the development of agriculture towards a green, low-carbon, and sustainable direction.

[0090] In this embodiment, preferably, the nutrient absorption efficiency of rice cultivation is divided into time periods in S4, with high nitrogen absorption efficiency during the tillering stage and high phosphorus absorption efficiency during the jointing and booting stage. The nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratio of additional nutrients is optimized, with the recommended nitrogen content of 15-20% during the tillering stage and the phosphorus content of 25-30% during the jointing stage.

[0091] Furthermore, a micronutrient requirement model is introduced to supplement the micronutrient requirements in the additional nutrient intake, including the recommended dosages of zinc fertilizer and boron fertilizer.

[0092] It should be noted that by classifying the nutrient absorption efficiency of rice at each growth stage, the high nitrogen absorption characteristics during the tillering stage and the preferred phosphorus requirement during the jointing and booting stage are accurately identified. This optimizes the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratio for additional nutrients, improves the nutrient supply efficiency during key growth stages, reduces resource waste, and increases fertilizer utilization. Simultaneously, a micronutrient requirement model is introduced to dynamically supplement the recommended dosages of zinc and boron fertilizers, addressing the shortcomings of traditional fertilization methods that neglect micronutrients, and reducing repeated fertilization and environmental burden.

[0093] In this embodiment, preferably, the growth time of each stage in S5 is as follows:

[0094] The physiological development stages of rice are divided according to meteorological conditions, and the specific time periods are as follows: seedling stage is 15-25 days after sowing, tillering stage is 15-30 days after tillering, jointing and booting stage is 20-35 days after tillering, heading and flowering stage is 10-15 days after jointing and booting, grain filling stage is 30-40 days after heading and flowering, and maturity stage is 15-25 days after grain filling.

[0095] Dynamically calibrate the time range of each stage using crop growth models and climate prediction data;

[0096] Analyze the impact of climate anomalies on the growth cycle and adjust the start and end times of each stage;

[0097] Based on the soil moisture and nutrient supply status, determine whether it is necessary to adjust the growth stage division;

[0098] It should be noted that by combining the physiological development stages of rice with meteorological conditions, the growth time of each stage is scientifically divided and dynamically calibrated, achieving a precise match between the growth cycle and nutrient requirements. By utilizing crop growth models and climate prediction data, the time range of each stage is corrected in real time, effectively addressing the impact of climate anomalies on the growth cycle and ensuring the dynamic adaptability of the start and end times of each stage. Furthermore, by combining soil moisture and nutrient supply status, the stage division is flexibly adjusted to avoid nutrient imbalance caused by differences in soil conditions. This improves the nutrient supply efficiency during the key growth periods of rice, optimizes the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratio, and reduces ineffective fertilization and resource waste.

[0099] In this embodiment, the preferred ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the additional nutrients in S5 is:

[0100] During the jointing and booting stage: nitrogen requirement is 30-40%; phosphorus requirement is 20-30%; potassium requirement is 30-40%.

[0101] During the heading and flowering stage: nitrogen requirement is 20-30%; phosphorus requirement is 10-20%; potassium requirement is 20-30%.

[0102] Grouting period: Nitrogen requirement 10-20%; Phosphorus requirement 10-15%; Potassium requirement 30-40%;

[0103] Maturity stage: Nitrogen requirement 5-10%; Phosphorus requirement 5-10%; Potassium requirement 5-10%;

[0104] It should be noted that by clearly defining the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium requirements at each growth stage and allocating nutrient supply strategies accordingly, the precision of rice cultivation and the efficiency of resource utilization have been improved. By dynamically adjusting nutrient ratios in stages, not only has the absorption efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium been increased, but problems such as "over-application" and "mismatched timing" in traditional fertilization have also been avoided, reducing fertilizer waste and environmental pollution. Simultaneously, by combining crop growth models with meteorological forecast data, real-time matching of nutrient supply with climate conditions can be achieved, allowing for flexible adjustments to supply strategies under extreme weather or soil anomalies, ensuring yield stability.

[0105] In this embodiment, the preferred nutrient application rate in step S5 is:

[0106] Nutrient matching strategy during the jointing and booting stages: Select high-nitrogen and high-potassium slow-release fertilizer, which is a mixture of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer and fast-acting potassium fertilizer; apply in multiple applications, i.e., apply nitrogen fertilizer during the jointing stage and supplement potassium fertilizer during the booting stage.

[0107] Nutrient matching strategy during the heading and flowering stage: Select controlled nitrogen slow-release fertilizer or fast-acting phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; apply fast-acting phosphorus and potassium fertilizer by foliar spraying or apply controlled nitrogen slow-release fertilizer by root topdressing;

[0108] Nutrient matching strategy during the grain filling period: Select high-potassium slow-release fertilizer with nitrogen control and high-potassium fertilizer, and apply it in multiple applications in combination with urea, a fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer; apply nitrogen control and high-potassium fertilizer to the roots and spray phosphorus fertilizer on the leaves.

[0109] Nutrient matching strategy during maturity: reduce nitrogen fertilizer application and increase potassium fertilizer and micronutrients; use foliar spraying of silicon fertilizer and micronutrients or root topdressing of a small amount of potassium fertilizer.

[0110] It should be noted that by adopting a phased nutrient recommendation fertilization strategy, combined with the characteristics of slow-release fertilizers and the physiological needs of crops, the precision management and resource utilization efficiency of rice cultivation have been significantly improved. During the jointing and booting stage, a high-nitrogen and high-potassium mixed fertilizer is used, with nitrogen and potassium fertilizers applied in multiple applications to promote stem elongation and panicle differentiation. During the heading and flowering stage, a combination of foliar spraying of fast-acting phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and root topdressing of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer is used to improve pollination rate and reduce the inhibitory effect of nitrogen fertilizer on flower organs. During the grain-filling stage, controlled-release nitrogen and high-potassium fertilizer is used in combination with fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer to increase dry matter accumulation, while foliar spraying of phosphorus fertilizer further optimizes nutrient absorption efficiency. During the maturity stage, foliar spraying of silicon fertilizer and trace elements and root topdressing of a small amount of potassium fertilizer are used to reduce nitrogen fertilizer residue, reduce the risk of environmental pollution, and increase the protein content and thousand-grain weight of the grains. Through precise phased fertilization and dynamic adjustment of the ratio, the supply rhythm of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is effectively balanced, fertilizer utilization is improved, and fertilizer waste and environmental pollution are reduced.

[0111] Specific implementation process:

[0112] Soil organic matter content: 26 g / kg; total nitrogen: 1.6 g / kg; available phosphorus: 21 mg / kg; available potassium: 85 mg / kg.

[0113] Fertilizer application during seedling raising: Apply 10g of coated urea (42% nitrogen content, release period of 90 days) to each tray and place it between two layers of substrate;

[0114] Recommended fertilization calculation:

[0115] The target yield is 9000 kg / hm², and the total nitrogen requirement is calculated to be approximately 225 kg / hm² based on the nitrogen requirement coefficient (approximately 25 kg N / t rice).

[0116] The nitrogen supply from early-stage fertilization is approximately 70 kg / hm² in field area.

[0117] Recommended nitrogen application rate for later stages = 225 – 70 = 155 kg / hm², applied in two applications;

[0118] Tillering fertilizer: 85 kg / hm²;

[0119] Fertilizer applied during the jointing and booting stage: 70 kg / hm²;

[0120] Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied to fill any gaps identified in the soil samples.

[0121] The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A recommended fertilization method combining rice seedling raising and fertilization technology, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Obtain geological and seedling status: Collect data on planting plots and status data during the rice seedling stage to construct the early fertilizer loading and supply. The fertilizer is a compound formula containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements, and the trace elements include Zn, B and Mn. The fertilizer particles for loading have a diameter of 1–3 mm and are coated with polymer coating or biodegradable film with a coating thickness of 0.1–0.3 mm, so that the nutrient release period covers at least the early growth stage of rice to the tillering stage. The data information for the planting plots includes soil fertility indicators and historical fertilization records, and the varietal characteristics and expected yield targets of rice are set as data information for the planting plots; the soil fertility indicators include the content of total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter; Data on the planting plots are collected through soil testing instruments, laboratory analysis, or remote sensing technology. The growth cycle, stress resistance, and tillering ability of the rice variety are determined. The expected yield target is set at 500-700 kg per mu. Data on the status of rice seedlings includes the type of slow-release fertilizer, application rate, nutrient content, and release curve. The controlled-release fertilizer, whose state data during the rice seedling stage is used, is determined by querying tags or databases to identify the type of controlled-release fertilizer to be applied. The type includes coated fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer, or controlled-release fertilizer. The release curve is combined with the release curve, which includes a temperature-time response function or a humidity-time response function. The nutrient content is the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio, and a fertilizer release dynamic model is established. S2. Preset rice growth requirements: Based on the type of rice and historical data, predict the duration of rice planting and the amount of fertilizer required during the rice planting process. The rice planting period is divided into early stage and middle and late stage. The early stage is set as the growth stage, namely the seedling stage, the greening stage and the tillering stage. The middle and late stage is set as the grain filling stage, namely the jointing and booting stage, the heading and flowering stage, the grain filling stage and the maturity stage. The calculation of the amount of growth fertilizer is as follows; Calculation of fertilizer supply in the early stage: Based on the release curve of the slow-release fertilizer and the early growth period, the cumulative release of fertilizer in the early stage is calculated by the time integration method. Fertilizer requirements in the middle and late stages: Based on the rice growth cycle, namely the grain-filling stage, which includes the jointing and booting stage, heading and flowering stage, grain-filling stage and maturity stage, combined with soil fertility indicators and target yield, the additional nutrients required in the middle and late stages are calculated through the balance equation. S3. Calculate the additional nutrients: Subtract the amount of fertilizer supplied in the early stage from the amount of fertilizer used for growth to obtain the additional nutrients during the rice growth process. S4. Divide the growth cycle of rice: Divide the rice growth cycle into time periods: seedling stage, tillering stage, jointing and booting stage, heading and flowering stage, grain filling stage, and maturity stage. S5. Recommended fertilization amount according to stage: Based on the time periods of seedling stage, tillering stage, jointing and booting stage, heading and flowering stage, grain filling stage and maturity stage, determine the growth time of rice at each stage, and divide the additional nutrients according to different stages, and recommend the fertilization amount according to the nutrients at each stage. The required ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the additional nutrients: During the jointing and booting stage: nitrogen requirement is 30-40%; phosphorus requirement is 20-30%; potassium requirement is 30-40%. During the heading and flowering stage: nitrogen requirement is 20-30%; phosphorus requirement is 10-20%; potassium requirement is 20-30%. Grouting period: Nitrogen requirement 10-20%; Phosphorus requirement 10-15%; Potassium requirement 30-40%; Maturity stage: Nitrogen requirement 5-10%; Phosphorus requirement 5-10%; Potassium requirement 5-10%.

2. The fertilization recommendation method combining rice seedling raising and fertilization technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initial fertilizer supply is based on the release pattern of controlled-release fertilizer. Nutrient release at each stage is simulated using a crop growth model. The total amount of controlled-release fertilizer supplied in the early stage is calculated using a soil nutrient balance model, and the amount of leaching loss is adjusted in conjunction with meteorological forecasts. The simulation results are compared with historical fertilizer supply to identify soil nutrient surplus and deficit trends and to correct model parameters to improve prediction accuracy.

3. The fertilization recommendation method combining rice seedling raising and fertilization technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dynamic estimation of mid-to-late stage fertilizer requirements is calculated by using a crop growth model to determine the total fertilizer requirements of rice in the mid-to-late stages, and the requirements are dynamically adjusted in combination with the target yield and current yield potential. A stress coefficient is introduced to eliminate the impact of environmental factors such as high temperature stress, drought and flood on nutrient absorption efficiency. Soil testing and plant nutrition diagnosis are used to assess the contribution of residual nutrients from early-application slow-release fertilizers to mid-to-late stage requirements, thereby reducing repeated fertilization.

4. The fertilization recommendation method combining rice seedling raising and fertilization technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient absorption efficiency of rice cultivation is divided into time periods in S4. Nitrogen absorption efficiency is high during the tillering stage and phosphorus absorption efficiency is high during the jointing and booting stage. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of additional nutrients is optimized. The recommended nitrogen content is 15-20% during the tillering stage and 25-30% during the jointing stage. Furthermore, a micronutrient requirement model is introduced to supplement the micronutrient requirements in the additional nutrient intake, including the recommended dosages of zinc fertilizer and boron fertilizer.

5. The fertilization recommendation method combining rice seedling raising and fertilization technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The growth time of each stage in S5: The physiological development stages of rice are divided according to meteorological conditions, and the specific time periods are as follows: seedling stage is 15-25 days after sowing, tillering stage is 15-30 days after tillering, jointing and booting stage is 20-35 days after tillering, heading and flowering stage is 10-15 days after jointing and booting, grain filling stage is 30-40 days after heading and flowering, and maturity stage is 15-25 days after grain filling. Dynamically calibrate the time range of each stage using crop growth models and climate prediction data; Analyze the impact of climate anomalies on the growth cycle and adjust the start and end times of each stage; Based on the soil moisture and nutrient supply status, determine whether it is necessary to adjust the growth stage division.

6. The fertilization recommendation method combining rice seedling raising and fertilization technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: Recommended nutrient application rates in S5: Nutrient matching strategy during the jointing and booting stages: Select high-nitrogen and high-potassium slow-release fertilizer, which is a mixture of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer and fast-acting potassium fertilizer; apply in multiple applications, i.e., apply nitrogen fertilizer during the jointing stage and supplement potassium fertilizer during the booting stage. Nutrient matching strategy during the heading and flowering stage: Select controlled nitrogen slow-release fertilizer or fast-acting phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; apply fast-acting phosphorus and potassium fertilizer by foliar spraying or apply controlled nitrogen slow-release fertilizer by root topdressing; Nutrient matching strategy during the grain filling period: Select high-potassium slow-release fertilizer with nitrogen control and high-potassium fertilizer, and apply it in multiple applications in combination with urea, a fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer; apply nitrogen control and high-potassium fertilizer to the roots and spray phosphorus fertilizer on the leaves. Nutrient matching strategy during maturity: reduce nitrogen fertilizer application and increase potassium fertilizer and micronutrients; use foliar spraying of silicon fertilizer and micronutrients or root topdressing of a small amount of potassium fertilizer.

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