An ejector and heat pump system

Abstract

This invention provides an ejector and a heat pump system, belonging to the field of heat pump technology. It includes a main body, on which a high-pressure inlet, a low-pressure inlet, a mixing section, a diffuser section, and a fluid outlet are sequentially arranged along the fluid movement direction of the central axis. The nozzle at the high-pressure inlet has a converging section and a diverging section, and the low-pressure inlet is inclined. The diameter of the inlet end of the converging section is D1, the diameter at the connection between the converging and diverging sections is D2, and the diameter of the outlet end of the diverging section is D3, with D1:D2:D3=10:1.3:1.76; the angle of the converging section is R1, and the angle of the diverging section is R2, with R1:R2=30:2. The high-pressure inlet, designed with the above parameter ratios, can adapt to the physical properties of R290, enabling the main body to achieve the required injection speed and improving ejection efficiency. The ejector provided by this invention solves the problem that traditional ejectors are not suitable for the new refrigerant R290.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat pump technology, and more specifically to an ejector and a heat pump system. Background Technology

[0002] An ejector is a device that uses a high-speed, high-energy jet (liquid, gas, or other material flow) to guide another low-speed, low-energy jet. The jet enters the mixing chamber through a converging nozzle, surrounded by the entrained jet. Through boundary mixing, the entrained jet transfers energy to the entrained jet. The mixing zone gradually expands and fills the entire mixing chamber. After another mixing process, the flow becomes almost uniform at the outlet of the mixing chamber.

[0003] Since R290 is a new type of refrigerant in the heat pump industry, traditional ejectors are mainly designed based on the physical properties of traditional refrigerants such as R410a and R134a. However, ejectors are basically static devices with limited adjustable range, and their elongation rate mainly depends on their internal dimensions and structure. Therefore, when traditional ejectors are applied to the new R290 refrigerant, the ejection efficiency is low, and in some cases, the ejector only traps the refrigerant without ejecting it. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem that traditional ejectors are not suitable for the new refrigerant R290, thereby providing an ejector and a heat pump system.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an ejector, comprising: a body, wherein a high-pressure inlet, a low-pressure inlet, a mixing section, a diffuser section, and a fluid outlet are sequentially arranged on the body along the fluid movement direction of the central axis; a nozzle is provided at the high-pressure inlet; the nozzle is sequentially arranged with a converging section and a diverging section along the fluid movement direction; the low-pressure inlet is inclined at the connection between the nozzle and the mixing section toward the high-pressure inlet; the diameter of the inlet end of the converging section is D1, the diameter of the connection between the converging section and the diverging section is D2, and the diameter of the outlet end of the diverging section is D3, where D1:D2:D3=10:1.3:1.76; the angle of the converging section is R1, and the angle of the diverging section is R2, where R1:R2=30:2.

[0006] In operation, the main fluid is injected at high speed through the converging and diverging sections of the high-pressure inlet, creating a low-pressure region within the mixing section. This region allows the ejector fluid to be drawn in from the low-pressure inlet. The main fluid and ejector fluid are thoroughly mixed in the mixing section before entering the diffuser section. As the flow velocity decreases, the pressure gradually increases, resulting in a high-pressure fluid that is output from the fluid outlet. The high-pressure inlet, designed with the aforementioned parameter ratios, is adapted to the physical properties of R290, ensuring that the injection of the main fluid reaches the required velocity, thereby improving the elongation rate and ejection efficiency. The ejector provided by this invention solves the problem that traditional ejectors are unsuitable for the new refrigerant R290.

[0007] Optionally, the low-pressure inlet is configured as an annular inlet formed by a first wall and a second wall spaced apart. The first and second walls are arranged parallel to each other, and a separation structure is formed between the first wall and the sidewall of the high-pressure inlet to separate the high-pressure inlet and the low-pressure inlet. The included angle between the sidewalls of the low-pressure inlet is R3, and R2:R3 = 2:38. This configuration reduces the fluid resistance at the low-pressure inlet, thereby improving the elongation rate and ejection efficiency.

[0008] Optionally, the diameter of the mixing section is D4, the first wall surface is connected to the nozzle outlet via an annular plate, the diameter of the edge connecting the annular plate to the first wall surface is D5, the diameter of the outermost edge of the first wall surface is D6, and the outermost diameter of the second wall surface is D7, with D1:D4:D5:D6:D7 = 10:3.27:1.5:8.5:12. This configuration increases the ejector opening area formed by the low-pressure inlet on the body, thereby improving the elongation rate and ejection efficiency.

[0009] Optionally, the opening length of the low-pressure inlet on the cross-section parallel to the central axis of the body is L1, where L1:D4 = 1.4:3.27. This configuration ensures a larger ejector opening area formed by the low-pressure inlet on the body, thereby improving the ejection rate and efficiency.

[0010] Optionally, the length of the mixing section is L2, where L2:D4 = 35.6:3.27. With this configuration, the mixing section provides sufficient mixing space for the fluid, enabling repeated mixing.

[0011] Optionally, the angle of the diffuser section is R4, where R3:R4 = 38:5. This configuration allows the mixed fluid to stably decrease in speed and diffuse in the diffuser section.

[0012] Optionally, the diameter of the fluid outlet is D8, where D8:D1 = 7.6:10. This configuration further limits the size of the diffuser section, allowing the mixed fluid to stably decrease in speed and diffuse in the diffuser section to reach the set pressure, thus improving ejection efficiency.

[0013] Optionally, a regulating valve core is provided at the high-pressure inlet. This configuration allows the position of the regulating valve core to be adjusted, enabling the ejector to adapt to changes in the operating conditions of the fluid and the heat pump system.

[0014] This invention provides a heat pump system, including a condenser, an evaporator, a compressor, a throttling device, and an ejector as described in any of the above embodiments. The first end of the condenser is connected to the high-pressure end of the compressor, the second end of the condenser is connected to the high-pressure inlet of the ejector, the first end of the evaporator is connected to the low-pressure inlet of the ejector, the second end of the evaporator is connected to the throttling device and the gas-liquid separator, the fluid outlet of the ejector is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator, and the outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the low-pressure end of the compressor.

[0015] In use, the ejector can replace the function of the expansion valve, while recovering some of the expansion work, reducing the work done by the compressor, and improving the overall energy efficiency of the heat pump system. Because of the use of the ejector, it possesses any of the advantages mentioned above.

[0016] Optionally, the ejector may have multiple ejectors connected in parallel. This configuration allows for adaptation to significant changes in the operating conditions of the heat pump system. Based on these changes, the ejector pressure can be regulated by starting and stopping some ejectors during operation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the ejector provided in this invention.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the adjustment valve core installed in the ejector.

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a heat pump system with a single ejector provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system with multiple ejectors connected in parallel, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0023] 1. Ejector; 11. High-pressure inlet; 12. Low-pressure inlet; 13. Mixing section; 14. Diffuser section; 15. Fluid outlet; 2. Condenser; 3. Evaporator; 4. Compressor; 5. Throttling device; 6. Gas-liquid separator; 7. Control valve core. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0028] This embodiment provides a structure for an ejector that can be adapted to R290.

[0029] like Figure 1 The image shows a specific implementation of an ejector provided in this embodiment, comprising: a body, on which a high-pressure inlet 11, a low-pressure inlet 12, a mixing section 13, a diffuser section 14, and a fluid outlet 15 are sequentially arranged along the fluid movement direction of the central axis; a nozzle is provided at the high-pressure inlet 11, and the nozzle is sequentially arranged with a converging section and a diverging section along the fluid movement direction; the low-pressure inlet 12 is inclined at the connection between the nozzle and the mixing section 13 towards the high-pressure inlet 11; the diameter of the inlet end of the converging section is D1, the diameter of the connection between the converging section and the diverging section is D2, and the diameter of the outlet end of the diverging section is D3, where D1:D2:D3=10:1.3:1.76; the angle of the converging section is R1, and the angle of the diverging section is R2, where R1:R2=30:2.

[0030] In use, the main fluid is injected at high speed through the converging and expanding sections of the high-pressure inlet 11, forming a low-pressure region within the mixing section 13. This region allows the ejector fluid to be drawn in from the low-pressure inlet 12. The main fluid and ejector fluid are thoroughly mixed within the mixing section 13 before entering the diffuser section 14. As the flow velocity decreases, the pressure gradually increases, forming a high-pressure fluid that is output from the fluid outlet 15. The high-pressure inlet 11, designed with the aforementioned parameter ratios, is adapted to the physical properties of R290, ensuring that the injection of the main fluid reaches the required velocity, thereby improving the elongation rate and ejection efficiency. The ejector 1 provided in this embodiment solves the problem that traditional ejectors 1 are not suitable for the new refrigerant R290.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, in the ejector provided in this embodiment, the low-pressure inlet 12 is configured as an annular inlet formed by a first wall and a second wall spaced apart. The first wall and the second wall are arranged in parallel. A separation structure is formed between the first wall and the sidewall of the high-pressure inlet 11, separating the high-pressure inlet 11 and the low-pressure inlet 12. The included angle between the sidewalls of the low-pressure inlet 12 is R3, and R2:R3=2:38. This reduces the fluid resistance at the low-pressure inlet 12, thereby improving the elongation rate and ejection efficiency.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, in the ejector provided in this embodiment, the diameter of the mixing section 13 is D4. The first wall surface is connected to the outlet of the nozzle via an annular plate. The diameter of the edge connecting the annular plate to the first wall surface is D5. The diameter of the outermost edge of the first wall surface is D6, and the diameter of the outermost edge of the second wall surface is D7. The ratio of D1:D4:D5:D6:D7 is 10:3.27:1.5:8.5:12. This increases the ejector opening area formed by the low-pressure inlet 12 on the body, thereby improving the elongation rate and ejection efficiency.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, in the ejector provided in this embodiment, the low-pressure inlet 12 has an opening length of L1 on its cross-section parallel to the central axis of the body, where L1:D4 = 1.4:3.27. This ensures the ejection opening area formed by the low-pressure inlet 12 on the body, thereby improving the elongation rate and ejection efficiency.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, in the ejector provided in this embodiment, the length of the mixing section 13 is L2, and L2:D4 = 35.6:3.27. The mixing section 13 can provide sufficient mixing space for the mixed fluid, enabling repeated mixing.

[0035] like Figure 1As shown, in the ejector provided in this embodiment, the angle of the diffuser section 14 is R4, and R3:R4=38:5. This enables the mixed fluid to stably decrease in speed and diffuse in the diffuser section 14.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, in the ejector provided in this embodiment, the diameter of the fluid outlet 15 is D8, and D8:D1 = 7.6:10. This allows for further limitation of the size of the diffuser section 14, thereby enabling the mixed fluid to stably decrease in speed and diffuse in the diffuser section 14 to reach the set pressure and improve ejection efficiency.

[0037] It should be added that the operating pressure is the same under different heating capacities; only the flow rate changes proportionally. Therefore, this embodiment mainly protects the internal design dimensions of the ejector 1 to ensure a good ejection rate under different flow rates. The size of the low-pressure inlet 12 mainly depends on the system's heating capacity (refrigerant flow rate), and the other dimensions are adjusted proportionally to this size.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, in the ejector provided in this embodiment, a regulating valve core 7 is provided at the high-pressure inlet 11. The position of the regulating valve core can be adjusted so that the ejector 1 can adapt to changes in the operating conditions of the fluid and the heat pump system. Alternatively, as an alternative implementation, the regulating valve core 7 can be omitted, and the ejector 1 can be fixed and non-adjustable.

[0039] In addition, such as Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment also provides a heat pump system, including a condenser 2, an evaporator 3, a compressor 4, a throttling device 5, and a gas-liquid separator. The ejector 1 described in the above embodiment is also included. The first end of the condenser 2 is connected to the high-pressure end of the compressor 4, and the second end of the condenser 2 is connected to the high-pressure inlet 11 of the ejector 1. The first end of the evaporator 3 is connected to the low-pressure inlet 12 of the ejector 1, and the second end of the evaporator 3 is connected to the throttling device 5 and the gas-liquid separator. The fluid outlet 15 of the ejector 1 is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator, and the outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the low-pressure end of the compressor 4.

[0040] When in use, ejector 1 can replace the function of expansion valve, and at the same time, recover some of the expansion work, reduce the work done by compressor 4, and improve the overall operating energy efficiency of heat pump system.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, in the heat pump system provided in this embodiment, the ejector 1 has multiple units connected in parallel. This allows it to adapt to situations where the operating conditions of the heat pump system change significantly. Based on these changes, the pressure of the ejector 1 is regulated by starting and stopping some of the ejectors 1 during operation.

[0042] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. An ejector, characterized in that, include: The body has a high-pressure inlet (11), a low-pressure inlet (12), a mixing section (13), a diffuser section (14) and a fluid outlet (15) arranged sequentially along the fluid movement direction of the central axis. A nozzle is provided at the high-pressure inlet (11). The nozzle has a converging section and a diverging section arranged sequentially along the fluid movement direction. The low-pressure inlet (12) is inclined towards the high-pressure inlet (11) at the connection between the nozzle and the mixing section (13). The diameter of the inlet end of the tapering section is D1, the diameter of the connection between the tapering section and the expanding section is D2, and the diameter of the outlet end of the expanding section is D3, where D1:D2:D3=10:1.3:1.76; The angle of the contraction section is R1, and the angle of the expansion section is R2, where R1:R2=30:2; The low-pressure inlet (12) is configured as an annular inlet formed by the first wall and the second wall, the first wall and the second wall are arranged in parallel, and a separation structure is formed between the first wall and the side wall of the high-pressure inlet (11) to separate the high-pressure inlet (11) and the low-pressure inlet (12). The included angle of the side wall of the low-pressure inlet (12) is R3, R2:R3=2:38; The diameter of the mixing section (13) is D4. The first wall is connected to the outlet of the nozzle through an annular plate. The diameter of the edge connecting the annular plate to the first wall is D5. The diameter of the outermost edge of the first wall is D6. The outermost diameter of the second wall is D7. D1:D4:D5:D6:D7=10:3.27:1.5:8.5:

12.

2. The ejector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-pressure inlet (12) has an opening length of L1 on its cross-section parallel to the central axis of the body, where L1:D4=1.4:3.

27.

3. The ejector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the mixed segment (13) is L2, L2:D4=35.6:3.

27.

4. The ejector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle of the diffuser section (14) is R4, and R3:R4 = 38:

5.

5. The ejector according to claim 4, characterized in that, The diameter of the fluid outlet (15) is D8, and D8:D1 = 7.6:

10.

6. The ejector according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, A regulating valve core is provided at the high pressure inlet (11).

7. A heat pump system, characterized in that, The device includes a condenser (2), an evaporator (3), a compressor (4), a throttling device (5), a gas-liquid separator, and an ejector (1) according to any one of claims 1-6. The first end of the condenser (2) is connected to the high-pressure end of the compressor (4), the second end of the condenser (2) is connected to the high-pressure inlet (11) of the ejector (1), the first end of the evaporator (3) is connected to the low-pressure inlet (12) of the ejector (1), the second end of the evaporator (3) is connected to the throttling device (5) and the gas-liquid separator, the fluid outlet (15) of the ejector (1) is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator, and the outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the low-pressure end of the compressor (4).

8. The heat pump system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The ejector (1) has multiple ejectors connected in parallel.

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