Wireless communication method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a wireless communication method and device. The method comprises the steps that an access layer of a calling terminal sends first indication information to an upper layer module of the calling terminal; wherein the first indication information is used for indicating the calling terminal to work in the NB-IoT NTN network environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and more specifically, to a wireless communication method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] With the evolution of wireless communication networks, the demand for voice services based on non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) in remote areas is becoming increasingly prominent. Typical application scenarios include: in extreme geographical environments without terrestrial network (TN) coverage, users need to achieve emergency voice call functionality through a space-ground converged communication system based on narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT). For example, if a user encounters danger while traversing an uninhabited area, they can use an NB-IoT NTN terminal device to initiate a voice call to rescue organizations for emergency assistance. However, directly transplanting the Voice over Long-Term Evolution (VoLTE) process to NTN can lead to problems such as doubled connection establishment latency and degraded reliability of emergency services due to the long propagation delay of the space-ground link. Therefore, it is urgent to optimize the voice services of the NB-IoT NTN network. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a wireless communication method and apparatus. The various aspects covered by this application are described below.

[0004] In a first aspect, a method is provided for a calling terminal in wireless communication, comprising: an access layer of the calling terminal sending first indication information to an upper-layer module of the calling terminal; wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the calling terminal is operating in an NB-IoT NTN network environment.

[0005] In a second aspect, a method is provided for a called terminal in wireless communication, comprising: the called terminal receiving a request signaling from a network element on the network side, the request signaling being used to initiate a session request to the called terminal, the request signaling being generated based on first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate that the calling terminal is operating in an NB-IoT NTN network environment.

[0006] Thirdly, a method is provided for a network-side element in wireless communication, comprising: the network-side element receiving a request signaling from a calling terminal, the request signaling being generated based on first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate that the calling terminal is operating in an NB-IoT NTN network environment.

[0007] Fourthly, a terminal is provided, including a processor, a memory, and a communication interface, wherein the memory is used to store one or more computer programs, and the processor is used to invoke the computer programs in the memory to cause the terminal to perform some or all of the steps described in the methods of the first or second aspect above.

[0008] Fifthly, a network-side element is provided, including a processor, a memory, and a communication interface. The memory is used to store one or more computer programs, and the processor is used to call the computer programs in the memory to cause the network-side element to perform some or all of the steps described in the method of the third aspect above.

[0009] Sixthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication system that includes the aforementioned communication device. In another possible design, the system may further include other devices that interact with the communication device as described in the embodiments of this application.

[0010] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that causes a computer to perform some or all of the steps in the methods described above.

[0011] Eighthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, wherein the computer program product includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program operable to cause a computer to perform some or all of the steps of the methods described in the foregoing aspects. In some implementations, the computer program product may be a software installation package.

[0012] Ninthly, embodiments of this application provide a chip including a memory and a processor, the processor being able to call and run a computer program from the memory to implement some or all of the steps described in the methods of the foregoing aspects.

[0013] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide an apparatus in which the chip includes a memory and a processor, the processor being able to call and run a computer program from the memory to implement some or all of the steps described in the methods of the foregoing aspects.

[0014] In this embodiment, the voice service of NTN is enhanced. On the one hand, the content and signaling process of the request signaling can be improved to reduce the latency caused by signaling interaction. On the other hand, the core network element can notify the called network side that the call comes from the NTN cell, so that the called network side can adopt low-latency operation in a timely manner, thereby speeding up the voice call establishment process. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1A This is a system architecture example diagram of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of this application can be applied.

[0016] Figure 1B This is a system architecture example diagram of an NTN system to which embodiments of this application can be applied.

[0017] Figure 1C This is a system architecture example diagram of another NTN system that can be applied to the embodiments of this application.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a system architecture example diagram of another NTN system that can be applied to the embodiments of this application.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a system architecture example diagram of another NTN system that can be applied to the embodiments of this application.

[0020] Figure 4A and Figure 4B A schematic diagram of the wireless protocol stack structure provided in this application.

[0021] Figure 5 The overall process for implementing VoLTE voice services is divided into two parts.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication method provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication method provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a network-side network element provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Communication system architecture The technical solutions of this application embodiment can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) system, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) system, New Radio (NR) system, evolution of NR system, LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) system, NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) system, non-terrestrial network (NTN) system, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), and Wireless Fidelity (WF). Fidelity (WiFi), 5th-generation (5G) communication systems or other communication systems, such as future communication systems, such as 6th-generation mobile communication systems, or satellite communication systems.

[0030] Traditional communication systems typically support a limited number of connections and are easy to implement. However, with the development of communication technology, mobile communication systems will not only support traditional communication but also, for example, device-to-device (D2D) communication, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication. The embodiments of this application can also be applied to these communication systems.

[0031] The communication system in this application embodiment can be applied to carrier aggregation (CA) scenarios, dual connectivity (DC) scenarios, and standalone (SA) network deployment scenarios.

[0032] The communication system in this application embodiment can be applied to unlicensed spectrum, which can also be considered as shared spectrum; or, the communication system in this application embodiment can also be applied to licensed spectrum, which can also be considered as dedicated spectrum.

[0033] The embodiments of this application can be applied to non-terrestrial network (NTN) systems as well as terrestrial network (TN) systems. By way of example and not limitation, NTN systems include NR-based NTN systems and IoT-based NTN systems.

[0034] This application describes various embodiments in conjunction with network devices and terminal devices. The terminal device may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, or user equipment, etc.

[0035] In the embodiments of this application, the terminal device may be a station (ST) in a WLAN, a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA) device, a handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, a terminal device in a next-generation communication system such as an NR network, or a terminal device in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN) network, etc.

[0036] In the embodiments of this application, the terminal device can be a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to a user, and can be used to connect people, objects, and machines, such as handheld devices with wireless connectivity, in-vehicle devices, etc. The terminal device in the embodiments of this application can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, PDA, mobile internet device (MID), wearable device, virtual reality (VR) device, augmented reality (AR) device, wireless terminal in industrial control, wireless terminal in self-driving, wireless terminal in remote medical surgery, wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, etc. Optionally, the terminal device can be used to act as a base station. For example, the terminal device can act as a scheduling entity, providing sidelink signals between terminal devices in V2X or D2D, etc. For example, cellular phones and cars communicate with each other using sidelink signals. Cellular phones and smart home devices can communicate without relaying communication signals through base stations.

[0037] In the embodiments of this application, the terminal device can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld, wearable or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (such as ships); and it can also be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons and satellites).

[0038] In the embodiments of this application, the terminal device may be a mobile phone, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, virtual reality (VR) terminal device, augmented reality (AR) terminal device, wireless terminal device in industrial control, wireless terminal device in self-driving, wireless terminal device in remote medical care, wireless terminal device in smart grid, wireless terminal device in transportation safety, wireless terminal device in smart city, or wireless terminal device in smart home, etc. The terminal device involved in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a terminal, user equipment (UE), access terminal device, vehicle-mounted terminal, industrial control terminal, UE unit, UE station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal device, mobile device, UE, wireless communication device, UE agent, or UE device, etc. The terminal device may also be fixed or mobile.

[0039] By way of example and not limitation, in this embodiment, the terminal device can also be a wearable device. Wearable devices, also known as wearable smart devices, are a general term for devices that utilize wearable technology to intelligently design and develop everyday wearables, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. Wearable devices are portable devices that are worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories. Wearable devices are not merely hardware devices, but also achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. Broadly speaking, wearable smart devices include those that are feature-rich, large in size, and can achieve complete or partial functions without relying on a smartphone, such as smartwatches or smart glasses, as well as those that focus on a specific type of application function and require the use of other devices such as smartphones, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for vital sign monitoring.

[0040] The network device in this application embodiment can be a device for communicating with a terminal device. This network device can also be called an access network device or a wireless access network device, such as a base station. In this application embodiment, the network device can refer to a radio access network (RAN) node (or device) that connects the terminal device to the wireless network. A base station can broadly encompass, or be replaced by, various names including: NodeB, evolved NodeB (eNB), next-generation NodeB (gNB), relay station, access point, transmitting and receiving point (TRP), transmitting point (TP), master MeNB, auxiliary SeNB, multi-mode radio (MSR) node, home base station, network controller, access node, wireless node, access point (AP), transmission node, transceiver node, baseband unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), positioning node, etc. A base station can be a macro base station, micro base station, relay node, donor node, or similar entities, or combinations thereof. A base station can also refer to a communication module, modem, or chip installed within the aforementioned equipment or apparatus. A base station can also be a mobile switching center, or a device that performs base station functions in device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), and machine-to-machine (M2M) communications, a network-side device in a 6G network, or a device performing base station functions in future communication systems. Base stations can support networks using the same or different access technologies. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technologies or device forms used in the network equipment.

[0041] Base stations can be fixed or mobile. For example, a helicopter or drone can be configured to act as a mobile base station, and one or more cells can move depending on the location of the mobile base station. In other examples, a helicopter or drone can be configured as a device to communicate with another base station.

[0042] In some deployments, the network device in this application embodiment may refer to a CU or a DU, or the network device may include both a CU and a DU. The gNB may also include an AAU.

[0043] Network devices and terminal devices can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can also be deployed in the air on airplanes, balloons, and satellites. This application does not limit the scenario in which the network devices and terminal devices are located.

[0044] By way of example and not limitation, in the embodiments of this application, the network device may have mobility characteristics; for example, the network device may be a mobile device. In some embodiments of this application, the network device may be a satellite or a balloon station. For example, the satellite may be a low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite, a medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellite, a geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellite, a highly elliptical orbit (HEO) satellite, etc. In some embodiments of this application, the network device may also be a base station located on land, water, or other similar locations.

[0045] In this embodiment of the application, the network device can provide services for a cell. The terminal device communicates with the network device through the transmission resources (e.g., frequency domain resources, or spectrum resources) used by the cell. The cell can be the cell corresponding to the network device (e.g., a base station). The cell can belong to a macro base station or to a base station corresponding to a small cell. The small cell here can include: metro cell, micro cell, pico cell, femto cell, etc. These small cells have the characteristics of small coverage area and low transmission power, and are suitable for providing high-speed data transmission services.

[0046] For example, Figure 1A This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1A As shown, the communication system 100 may include a network device 110, which may be a device that communicates with a terminal device 120 (or a communication terminal, terminal). The network device 110 can provide communication coverage for a specific geographical area and can communicate with terminal devices located within that coverage area.

[0047] Figure 1AAn exemplary diagram shows a network device and two terminal devices. In some embodiments of this application, the communication system 100 may include multiple network devices and each network device may include other numbers of terminal devices within its coverage area. This application does not limit the scope of the embodiments.

[0048] For example, Figure 1B This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. Please refer to... Figure 1B This includes terminal device 1101 and satellite 1102, which can communicate wirelessly. The network formed between terminal device 1101 and satellite 1102 can also be called an NTN. Figure 1B In the architecture of the communication system shown, satellite 1102 can function as a base station, and terminal device 1101 and satellite 1102 can communicate directly. In this system architecture, satellite 1102 can be referred to as a network device. In some embodiments of this application, the communication system may include multiple network devices 1102, and the coverage area of ​​each network device 1102 may include other numbers of terminal devices; this application does not limit this aspect.

[0049] For example, Figure 1C This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. Please refer to... Figure 1C The network includes terminal device 1201, satellite 1202, and base station 1203. Terminal device 1201 and satellite 1202 can communicate wirelessly, and satellite 1202 can communicate with base station 1203. The network formed by terminal device 1201, satellite 1202, and base station 1203 can also be called an NTN. Figure 1C In the architecture of the communication system shown, satellite 1202 may not function as a base station, and communication between terminal device 1201 and base station 1203 requires relay through satellite 1202. In this system architecture, base station 1203 can be referred to as a network device. In some embodiments of this application, the communication system may include multiple network devices 1203, and the coverage area of ​​each network device 1203 may include other numbers of terminal devices; this application does not limit this aspect.

[0050] It should be noted that, Figures 1A-1C This application is merely an example illustrating the system to which this application applies. Of course, the methods shown in the embodiments of this application can also be applied to other systems, such as 5G communication systems, LTE communication systems, etc. This application does not specifically limit these systems.

[0051] In some embodiments of this application, Figures 1A-1CThe wireless communication system shown may also include other network entities such as a mobility management entity (MME) and an access and mobility management function (AMF), but this application does not limit this.

[0052] It should be understood that devices with communication functions in the network / system of this application embodiment can be referred to as communication devices. Figure 1A Taking the communication system 100 shown as an example, the communication equipment may include a network device 110 and a terminal device 120 with communication functions. The network device 110 and the terminal device 120 may be the specific devices described above, which will not be repeated here. The communication equipment may also include other devices in the communication system 100, such as network controllers, mobility management entities and other network entities. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0053] It should be understood that the term "instruction" mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a direct instruction, an indirect instruction, or an indication of a relationship. For example, A instructing B can mean that A directly instructs B, such as B being able to obtain information through A; it can also mean that A indirectly instructs B, such as A instructing C, so B can obtain information through C; or it can mean that there is a relationship between A and B.

[0054] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "correspondence" may indicate that there is a direct or indirect correspondence between two things, or that there is an association between two things, or that there is a relationship of instruction and being instructed, configuration and being configured, etc.

[0055] The “configuration” in this application embodiment may include configuration via at least one of system messages, radio resource control (RRC) signaling, and media access control element (MAC CE).

[0056] In some embodiments of this application, "predefined" or "preset" can be implemented by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables, or other means that can be used to indicate relevant information in the device (e.g., including terminal devices and network devices). This application does not limit the specific implementation method. For example, "predefined" can refer to what is defined in the protocol.

[0057] In some embodiments of this application, the term "protocol" may refer to standard protocols in the field of communications, such as LTE protocols, NR protocols, and related protocols applied in future communication systems. This application does not limit the scope of the term.

[0058] NTN The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) international standards organization is currently researching non-terrestrial network (NTN) technology. NTN typically uses satellite communication to provide communication services to terrestrial users. Compared to terrestrial communication networks (e.g., terrestrial cellular networks), satellite communication has many unique advantages.

[0059] First, satellite communication is not limited by the user's geographical location. For example, conventional terrestrial communication networks cannot cover areas such as oceans, mountains, and deserts where network equipment cannot be deployed. Alternatively, terrestrial communication networks cannot cover certain areas that are sparsely populated and therefore not covered. However, with satellite communication, since a single satellite can cover a large area of ​​the Earth, and satellites orbit the Earth, theoretically, every corner of the Earth can be covered by satellite communication networks.

[0060] Secondly, satellite communication has significant social value. It can reach remote mountainous areas and impoverished, underdeveloped countries or regions at a relatively low cost, enabling people in these areas to enjoy advanced voice communication and mobile internet technologies. From this perspective, satellite communication helps bridge the digital divide with developed regions and promotes development in those areas.

[0061] Secondly, satellite communication has a long range, and the communication cost does not increase significantly with the increase in communication distance.

[0062] Finally, satellite communication is highly stable and unaffected by natural disasters.

[0063] Communication satellites can be classified according to their orbital altitude, such as LEO satellites, MEO satellites, GEO satellites, and HEO satellites. Currently, research primarily focuses on LEO and GEO satellites.

[0064] LEO satellites typically operate at altitudes ranging from 500km to 1500km. Correspondingly, their orbital periods are approximately 1.5 to 2 hours. For LEO satellites, the signal propagation delay for single-hop communication between users is generally less than 20ms. The maximum visible time for LEO satellites is approximately 20 minutes. LEO satellites offer advantages such as short signal propagation distances, low link loss, and low requirements for the transmission power of terminal equipment.

[0065] The GEO satellite orbits at an altitude of approximately 35,786 km. Its orbital period around the Earth is 24 hours. For GEO satellites, the signal propagation delay for single-hop communication between users is typically around 250 ms.

[0066] To ensure satellite coverage and enhance the overall capacity of the satellite communication system, satellites typically employ multi-beam coverage of ground areas. Therefore, a single satellite can generate dozens or even hundreds of beams to cover a ground area. One satellite beam can typically cover a ground area with a diameter ranging from tens to thousands of kilometers.

[0067] Currently, NTN systems can include NR NTN systems and IoT NTN systems.

[0068] NTN network architecture The NTN network architecture can include the following network elements: gateway, feeder link, service link, and satellite.

[0069] An NTN network architecture may include one or more gateways, which can be used to connect satellite and terrestrial public networks. Typically, gateways can be deployed on the ground.

[0070] A feeder link can refer to the communication link between a gateway and a satellite.

[0071] A service link can refer to the communication link between a terminal device and a satellite.

[0072] From the perspective of the functions provided by satellites, they can be divided into transparent payload satellites and regenerative payload satellites. Transparent payload satellites only provide radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification functions. In other words, transparent payload satellites only provide transparent signal forwarding without altering the waveform of the forwarded signal. Regenerative payload satellites, in addition to providing radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification functions, can also provide one or more of the following functions: demodulation, decoding, routing, conversion, encoding, modulation, and storage. Regenerative payload satellites can possess some or all of the functions of a base station. Based on the different functions provided by satellites in the NTN network, the NTN network architecture can be divided into bent-tube transponder architecture (or simply bent-tube or transparent architecture) and regenerative transponder architecture (or simply regenerative architecture). Figure 2 and Figure 3 Example diagrams of the bent-pipe NTN network architecture and the regenerated NTN network architecture are given respectively.

[0073] For example, see Figure 2The NTN system 200 uses satellite 210 as its airborne platform. The satellite radio access network includes satellite 210, service link 220, feeder link 230, terminal equipment 240, gateway (GW) 250, and network 260 including base stations and a core network. Service link 220 refers to the link between satellite 210 and terminal equipment 240. Feeder link 230 refers to the link between gateway 250 and satellite 210.

[0074] Figure 2 In the architecture shown, the base station is located on Earth behind gateway 250, and satellite 210 acts as a relay. Satellite 210 operates as a relay that forwards signals from feeder link 230 to serving link 220, or forwards signals from serving link 220 to feeder link 230. That is, satellite 210 does not have the function of a base station; communication between terminal device 240 and the base station in network 260 needs to be relayed through satellite 210.

[0075] For example, see Figure 3 The satellite radio access network 300 includes a satellite 310, a service link 320, a feeder link 330, terminal equipment 340, a gateway 350, and a network 360. Figure 2 Unlike the NTN system 200, in the NTN system 300, there is a base station on the satellite 310, and the network 360 behind the gateway 350 only includes the core network.

[0076] Figure 3 In the architecture shown, satellite 310 carries base station 312, which can be directly connected to the Earth-based core network via a link. Satellite 310 functions as a base station, and terminal device 340 can communicate directly with satellite 310.

[0077] Wireless Protocol Stack Figure 4A and Figure 4B The following are schematic diagrams of the wireless protocol stack structure of one embodiment of this application. Figure 4A and Figure 4B This introduction uses the 5G wireless protocol stack as an example. The 5G wireless protocol stack is divided into two planes: the user plane (UP) protocol stack and the control plane (CP) protocol stack. The user plane protocol stack contains the protocol suite used for user data transmission, while the control plane protocol stack contains the protocol suite used for control signaling transmission in the 5G system. The specific names of each protocol stack layer are as follows: like Figure 4AAs shown, the user plane protocol stack, from top to bottom, includes: the Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, and the Physical (PHY) layer. The SDAP layer is optional and is not present in LTE.

[0078] like Figure 4B As shown, the control plane protocol stack, from top to bottom, includes: non-access stratum (NAS); radio resource control (RRC) layer, PDCP layer, RLC layer, MAC layer, and PHY layer.

[0079] It should be understood that the different layers in the above protocol stack have different functions, and they work together through inter-layer interaction to achieve communication between terminal devices and network devices. With the development of artificial intelligence technology, AI-assisted computing has permeated the processing implementation methods of the above protocol stack. For example, the scheduling algorithm of the MAC layer and the encoding / decoding algorithm of the PHY layer can apply artificial intelligence algorithms to improve the performance of communication algorithms.

[0080] As an example, Figure 4A and Figure 4B The wireless protocol architecture described herein is applicable to the first node in this application.

[0081] As an example, Figure 4A and Figure 4B The wireless protocol architecture described herein is applicable to the second node in this application.

[0082] It should be understood that some functionalities in a wireless protocol architecture can also be implemented in one or more devices. For example, the functions of different layers in the control plane protocol stack can be implemented by multiple nodes on the network side.

[0083] It should be understood that the interpretation of the terminology in the embodiments of this application may refer to the TS36, TS37 and TS38 series of specifications of the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP), but may also refer to the specifications of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).

[0084] To facilitate understanding, some related technical knowledge involved in the embodiments of this application is first introduced. The following related technologies are optional solutions and can be arbitrarily combined with the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, all of which fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. The embodiments of this application include at least some of the following contents.

[0085] Currently, the world's cellular wireless networks are mainly 4G and 5G. Because 4G uses relatively low frequency bands and has good coverage, 3GPP extended the 4G narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) network to satellite, namely NB-IoT NTN. In other words, 3GPP introduced NB-IoT technology from NTN, enabling NB-IoT terminals to access operators' wireless networks via satellite. This allows for coverage of most of the Earth with only a few high-orbit satellites. LTE NB-IoT terminals within these areas can support a massive number of NB-IoT terminals globally at minimal cost through satellite communication. Furthermore, although the number of NB-IoT terminals is large, the frequency of data transmission by each terminal is very low, and the amount of data transmitted each time is small, allowing only a few high-orbit satellites to support a large number of terminals.

[0086] With the evolution of wireless communication networks, the demand for voice services based on non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) in remote areas is becoming increasingly prominent. Typical application scenarios include: in extreme geographical environments without terrestrial network (TN) coverage, users need to achieve emergency voice call functionality through a satellite-terrestrial converged communication system based on narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT). For example, off-road adventurers encountering danger in uninhabited areas can use NB-IoT NTN terminal devices to send satellite voice distress signals to rescue organizations. Therefore, researching "voice service carrying methods based on NB-IoT NTN networks" has significant technical value.

[0087] Currently, the 3GPP protocol supports two methods for satellite communication: the first is NR NTN technology based on 5G, and the second is NB-IoT NTN technology based on 4G. For "remote areas" (i.e., areas without 2G / 3G network coverage, which do not support CSFB and dual-standby voice service methods), voice services can only be supported through the IMS-based VoLTE method on 4G networks. Call establishment relies on the SIP protocol to complete end-to-end signaling interaction.

[0088] In 4G terrestrial networks, VoLTE voice calls typically support multiple media formats. Therefore, when the calling party initiates an INVITE request, it's impossible to determine which media format to activate. Both parties need to undergo an initial media negotiation process to determine the media format they both support, followed by a second media negotiation process to ultimately select and activate the unique media format supported by both parties. Furthermore, to avoid call quality degradation due to network congestion, both parties need to reserve resources and establish dedicated bearers for the voice media stream. In other words, the calling and called parties need to complete two media negotiations and resource reservations.

[0089] The VoLTE voice call setup process is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0090] S501, the calling terminal sends a request signaling (INVITE / OFFER) to the called terminal through the call session control function (CSCF) entity. This request signaling (INVITE / OFFER) indicates that the calling terminal is initiating a session request and inviting the called terminal to join the session.

[0091] Optionally, when the calling terminal supports multiple media formats in this session, the request signaling includes the multiple media formats supported by the calling terminal.

[0092] It is worth noting that the CSCF entity is part of the IMS core network. The IMS core network uses the CSCF (especially the serving CSCF) as its control core and includes a series of network elements such as the data flow layer, interoperability layer, and application service layer, which work together to implement multimedia communication services. The request signaling (INVITE / OFFER) in S501 is generated by the upper-layer module within the calling terminal. The request signaling is sent to the CSCF via the network side and then forwarded to the called terminal. For simplicity, [the diagram is omitted]. Figure 5 Other network elements of the IMS core network are not shown.

[0093] S502, after receiving the request signaling (INVITE / OFFER), the CSCF replies with a response signaling (100) to the calling terminal. The response signaling (100) indicates that the CSCF has received the request signaling (INVITE / OFFER) in order to prevent the request from being retransmitted after timeout.

[0094] S503 Similarly, after receiving the request signaling (INVITE / OFFER), the called terminal will also reply to the CSCF with a response signaling (100), which indicates that the called terminal has received the request signaling (INVITE / OFFER).

[0095] S504, the called terminal sends a response signaling (183 / Answer) to the calling terminal through the CSCF entity. This response signaling (183 / Answer) indicates that the called terminal is processing a call.

[0096] The response signaling (183 / Answer) includes one or more media formats supported by the called terminal, which are selected by the called terminal from a variety of media formats supported by the calling terminal.

[0097] S505, the calling terminal activates the target media format, and the calling terminal sends a request signaling (PRACK) to the called terminal through the CSCF entity. This request signaling (PRACK) represents an acknowledgment request signaling for the response signaling (183 / Answer).

[0098] The request signaling (PRACK) includes the target media format ultimately selected by the calling terminal, which is a media format supported by both parties. The target media format is a media format selected by the calling terminal from one or more media formats supported by the called terminal.

[0099] S506, the called terminal receives the PRACK message, activates the target media format, and sends a response signaling (200) to the calling terminal through the CSCF entity. The response signaling (200) indicates that the request signaling (PRACK) has been successfully received and processed by the called terminal. At this point, the media format negotiation is successful and the service bearer establishment is completed.

[0100] S507, the calling terminal sends a request signaling (UPDATE / OFFER) to the called terminal through the CSCF entity. This request signaling (UPDATE / OFFER) indicates that the calling party has completed resource reservation and requests the called party to reserve resources. The calling terminal requests to update the service bearer, which can specifically be to modify session attributes and update session parameters.

[0101] In S508, the called terminal sends a response signaling (200 / Answer) to the calling terminal through the CSCF entity. This response signaling (200 / Answer) indicates that the request signaling (UPDATE / OFFER) has been successfully received and processed by the called terminal, and the resource reservation has been completed.

[0102] S509, after which the called terminal and the calling terminal establish a VoLTE call.

[0103] Specifically, after successful media negotiations and resource reservations between the two parties, the process also includes the called party ringing, answering the call, and the calling party confirming the call. Figure 5(Not shown in the image) before the call begins. That is, after a VoLTE connection is established, both the calling and called parties establish a direct RTP connection through their respective PGWs to transmit user voice data packets.

[0104] Because the transmission distance between satellite and ground in NTN is very long, the air interface transmission latency of NTN is much greater than that of TN. If the VoLTE call establishment process described above is directly transplanted to NTN, the air interface transmission latency will be very large due to multiple media format negotiation and resource reservation signaling processes, resulting in a long VoLTE connection establishment time and a poor user experience. For example, taking the calling UE located in the coverage area of ​​a high-orbit satellite cell, assuming the orbital altitude of the high-orbit satellite is 36,000 kilometers, the calling UE needs to go through 10 signaling transmissions. Since it takes 0.24 seconds to transmit one SIP signaling message via satellite, the latency of 10 signaling transmissions will be at least 2.4 seconds. Furthermore, combined with the underlying random access and RRC connection establishment requests, the call establishment latency will be even longer, resulting in very low reliability of emergency call services. Therefore, this application optimizes the media negotiation and resource reservation signaling processes in VoLTE call establishment to reduce voice call establishment latency.

[0105] It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, NTN in the following text refers to 4G-based NB-IoT NTN. However, the following embodiments are also applicable to 5G-based NTN, and this document does not limit them.

[0106] To address the aforementioned issues, this application embodiment enhances the voice service of NTN. On one hand, it improves the content and signaling flow of INVITE signaling to reduce latency caused by signaling interaction. On the other hand, it can also notify the called network side that the call originates from an NTN cell through core network elements, enabling the called network side to promptly adopt low-latency operations, thereby accelerating the voice call setup process.

[0107] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 The method shown is described from the perspective of the interaction between the calling terminal, the network-side network element, and the called terminal.

[0108] In some embodiments, the calling terminal and the called terminal can be any type of terminal device mentioned above, such as... Figure 3 The terminal device 340 in the network. This network-side element may include access network equipment, which may be, for example, satellite equipment deployed with a base station. Figure 3 Satellite 310.

[0109] In other embodiments, the network-side network element may include a network device, which may be a core network element, such as an MME (Multi-Mechanical Equipment) element or an AMF (Anti-Multi-Functional Component) element. Alternatively, the network device may be a gateway device, such as a gateway gateway or a user plane function (UPF) gateway (SGW). The gateway device may, for example, be a call session control function (CSCF) entity. The network device may, for example, be... Figure 3 Gateway 350 or Network 360.

[0110] Figure 6 The method shown includes S600, and optionally, the method further includes S610 to S640.

[0111] In S600, the access layer of the calling terminal sends the first indication information to the upper-layer module of the calling terminal; The first indication information is used to indicate that the calling terminal is currently operating in an NTN network environment or an NB-IoT NTN network environment. For example, the NTN cell type of the serving cell reported by the calling terminal can be LEO, MEO, or GEO.

[0112] In S610, the calling terminal generates a request signaling based on the first indication information and sends the request signaling to the network element on the network side. The request signaling is used to initiate a session invitation.

[0113] In some embodiments, the session invitation may include one or more media formats supported by the calling terminal.

[0114] In some embodiments, the request signaling sent by the calling terminal to the network element can be carried in a SIP message. For example, the SIP message for inviting a call can be a signaling message defined by the session initiation protocol (SIP), such as the INVITE signaling.

[0115] In some embodiments, the network-side network element can be at least one of the following: a base station (such as an eNB), a core network control plane network element (such as an MME), or a core network user plane gateway (such as an SGW). After receiving the INVITE signaling, the network-side network element can store the INVITE signaling.

[0116] In some embodiments, the calling terminal may send a notification message to the network element in advance. This notification message is used to query the CSCF address of the called terminal before the calling terminal initiates a voice call, thus saving the latency caused by querying the CSCF address during the subsequent call setup process.

[0117] For example, the calling UE's access layer sends a notification message to the eNB, which forwards it to the SGW / PGW. The SGW / PGW then forwards it to the calling UE's CSCF. Upon receiving the message, the calling UE's CSCF pre-queries the DNS based on the called UE's PUI list to determine the corresponding called UE's CSCF address. Further, the calling UE's CSCF sends the notification message to the determined called UE's CSCF. Upon receiving the notification message, the called UE's CSCF sends query information to the called UE's HSS, thus pre-determining the called UE's CSCF address. Subsequently, once the called UE receives the INVITE signaling, it can directly obtain the CSCF address without querying, thus saving the latency caused by address lookup.

[0118] In some embodiments, the notification message may include the public user ID (PUI) of one or more called terminals. Optionally, the PUIs of the one or more called terminals may form a PUI list or a PUI set. This PUI list or PUI set may be specified by the calling terminal. Alternatively, the PUI list or PUI set may be the terminal identifiers of local emergency call centers as defined by the protocol.

[0119] In some embodiments, the notification message may be a SIP message. For example, it may be NAS signaling or INVITE signaling, or other notification messages such as broadcast messages.

[0120] In some embodiments, the notification message can be triggered by a SIP client within the calling terminal; that is, the calling terminal's SIP client actively generates the notification message and then transmits it to the calling terminal's access layer. The upper-layer module can be a SIP client within the terminal and / or an application layer. The terminal's access layer can be an RRC layer or another layer.

[0121] In some embodiments, the notification message may also be triggered by the access layer within the calling terminal. That is, the access layer of the calling terminal sends a request to the SIP client. After receiving the request, the SIP client of the calling terminal generates a notification message and then sends it to the access layer of the calling terminal.

[0122] In some embodiments, the uploading module of the calling terminal can also obtain the calling terminal's capability information. For example, the access layer of the calling terminal can also send capability information to the upper-layer module of the calling terminal. Alternatively, the calling terminal can obtain its capability information from the core network side.

[0123] In one possible example, the capability information may include at least one of the following: whether it supports NTN-based voice services, whether it supports voice enhancement, whether the terminal's serving cell is an NTN cell, the NTN cell type of the terminal's serving cell, the maximum radio interface transmission latency that can be supported, the maximum voice service data rate that can be supported, the minimum voice service data rate that can be supported, the terminal's remaining battery power, the maximum amount of data that the terminal's remaining battery power can support, the maximum transmission duration that the terminal's remaining battery power can support, whether the terminal requests the network side to report the current device's location information, and whether the terminal supports reporting location information.

[0124] In detail, the NTN cell type of the serving cell helps the terminal's SIP client determine whether the SIP negotiation process supports a single-negotiation media format or a two-negotiation media format. For example, a UE in a LEO cell can support a two-negotiation media format, while a UE in a GEO cell supports a single-negotiation media format.

[0125] For example, different orbital types (LEO / MEO / GEO) have different specific orbital altitudes, resulting in varying transmission delays. Therefore, the terminal information reported by the calling UE can include the maximum radio interface transmission delay, which helps the SIP client within the terminal determine the details of the SIP interaction. Optionally, the maximum radio interface transmission delay reported by the UE can be the transmission delay from the UE to the eNB, the transmission delay from the UE to the satellite, or the transmission delay from the UE to the SGW.

[0126] For example, the maximum voice service data rate that the calling terminal reports in the current wireless environment helps the SIP client in the terminal determine the voice encoding method based on the maximum voice service data rate, so as to ensure that the voice encoding method ultimately determined by the SIP client is lower than or equal to the maximum voice service rate that the UE can achieve in air interface transmission.

[0127] For example, the remaining battery power reported by the calling terminal helps the terminal's SIP client decide whether to initiate a voice call and whether to notify the called terminal of the calling terminal's remaining battery power. Another example is the calling terminal indicating the supported call duration in the INVITE signaling, such as indicating low battery power and only 5 minutes of talk time remaining. Upon receiving this indication, the called terminal can then choose to exchange important information before its remaining battery depletes.

[0128] For example, when the calling terminal reports a request to the network side to report the current location information of the device, it helps the user of the called terminal to promptly carry out effective rescue based on the location information.

[0129] In some embodiments, the INVITE signaling can be actively generated by the calling terminal in any of the following ways: Method 1: The INVITE signaling is triggered by the upper-layer module within the terminal, such as the SIP client. That is, the SIP client actively generates the INVITE signaling and then transmits it to the access layer.

[0130] Method 2: The INVITE signaling is triggered by the access layer within the terminal. That is, the access layer within the terminal requests a SIP message from the SIP client. After receiving the request, the SIP client generates the INVITE signaling and then transmits the INVITE signaling to the UE access layer.

[0131] In some embodiments, the INVITE signaling may also include zeroth indication information, which is used to instruct the called UE to shorten the latency, such as instructing the called UE to shorten the air interface latency, network side latency, etc.

[0132] In some embodiments, the INVITE signaling may include the first indication information, or may include indication information indicating that the INVITE signaling originates from an NTN cell, or that the current cell is an NB-IoT NTN cell.

[0133] In some embodiments, the first indication information may also indicate at least one of the following capability information, which includes at least one of the following: whether NTN-based voice services are supported, whether voice enhancement is supported, whether the terminal's serving cell is an NTN cell, the NTN cell type of the terminal's serving cell, the maximum radio interface transmission latency that can be supported, the maximum voice service data rate that can be supported, the minimum voice service data rate that can be supported, the terminal's remaining battery power, the maximum amount of data that the terminal's remaining battery power can support, the maximum transmission duration that the terminal's remaining battery power can support, whether the terminal requests the network side to report the current device's location information, and whether the terminal supports reporting location information.

[0134] In some embodiments, the calling terminal and the network-side network element can also obtain the NTN cell type and / or transmission delay parameters of the serving cell of the calling terminal. For example, if the calling UE is currently located in a GEO cell, the air interface transmission delay of the calling UE is 250ms.

[0135] In some embodiments, the calling terminal and the network-side network element can also obtain the latency jitter budget parameters of the called terminal that the calling terminal expects. For example, if the transmission latency of the calling UE is large in a GEO cell, the calling UE can actively request the latency jitter budget of the called UE to be ±20ms; if the transmission latency of the calling UE is relatively small in a LEO cell, the calling UE can request the latency jitter budget of the called UE to be ±5ms.

[0136] In some embodiments, network-side network elements can also obtain recommended voice coding parameters from the calling terminal. The calling UE's SIP module determines the optimal voice coding method by evaluating the current air interface transmission capabilities (such as bandwidth and latency), and encapsulates the corresponding voice coding parameters (such as coding format and rate range) in INVITE signaling to guide the called terminal in media format negotiation.

[0137] For example, when the calling UE introduces a new low bit rate encoding format (such as a custom ultra-low bit rate algorithm), the calling UE must explicitly carry the unique identifier of the new low bit rate encoding format (such as MIME type or vendor-defined parameters) in the INVITE signaling, and set the transmission mode to bidirectional transmit / receive mode (sendrecv) to ensure that the called UE side prioritizes the recognition and activation of the new low bit rate encoding format.

[0138] Another example, in a communication scenario where the calling UE is located within LEO coverage, if the calling UE supports multiple codec formats (including traditional formats and new low-bit-rate formats), priority identifiers can be added to each format in the SIP message. For example, the calling UE adds a recommendation identifier to the SIP message, indicating that the new low-bit-rate format has the highest priority, the traditional EVS format has medium priority, and the traditional AMR format has low priority. The called terminal receives this second indication information, which indicates the priority identifier corresponding to one or more candidate media formats, and / or indicates the recommended candidate media format. Then, based on its own support capabilities and priority information, it can ultimately select a unique codec format and establish a media stream in a bidirectional transmit / receive mode.

[0139] As another example, in a communication scenario where the calling UE is located within GEO coverage, the calling UE can preferentially select an ultra-low bit rate encoding / decoding method to ensure that voice data is transmitted within the expected bit rate range. The calling UE can add a second indication information to the SIP message, which is used to indicate the ultra-low bit rate encoding / decoding method. Optional encoding schemes and rate ranges include: MELP / MELPe supports 0.6 kbps, AMBE-LR supports 1.6~1.8 kbps, MPEG-HVXC supports 2~4 kbps, TWELP MR supports 0.3~3.2 kbps, and Codec2 supports 0.45~2.4 kbps.

[0140] In some embodiments, the network-side network element may also obtain third indication information for indicating the wireless signal quality under the current NTN cell from the INVITE signaling or other signaling. The parameter of the wireless signal quality may refer to the reference signal received power (RSRP), or the reference signal received quality (RSRQ), or the received signal strength indicator (RSSI), etc.

[0141] For example, in a GEO cell, the specific value of the RSRP or the RSRP level is notified. Specifically, an RSRP greater than or equal to -120 dBm is regarded as a strong signal quality, -140 dBm < RSRP < -120 dBm is regarded as a medium signal quality, and an RSRP less than or equal to -140 dBm is regarded as a poor signal quality. The called party determines the voice coding method based on this information (if the called party can choose). If the signal quality of the calling party is poor, the called party selects a more robust coding method; otherwise, the called party selects a coding method with better voice quality.

[0142] In some embodiments, the network-side network element may also obtain an identification parameter of the service type from the INVITE signaling or other signaling. For example, the INVITE signaling includes an emergency call identifier, that is, the current service type is an emergency call. For a general voice session, the default identifier may be selected or no identifier may be carried.

[0143] In some embodiments, the network-side network element may also obtain first indication information for indicating that the terminal supports (or the terminal is permitted to) report location information from the INVITE signaling or other signaling. The IMS network element may determine whether to obtain the location information of the UE from the positioning module or the satellite base station based on this first indication information, so as to carry out emergency rescue activities.

[0144] In some embodiments, before receiving the INVITE signaling, the called terminal also receives a paging message from the network-side network element.

[0145] In some embodiments, the paging message includes additional indication information, and the additional indication information is used to indicate that the call comes from an NTN cell.

[0146] In some embodiments, the paging message is an enhanced paging message. In other words, the paging message is enhanced when the network device of the called terminal determines that the call originates from an NTN cell. Optionally, one possible implementation is that the base station of the called UE can increase the number of paging transmissions, for example, sending multiple paging messages with consecutive intervals of 5ms for emergency calls; another possible implementation is that the base station of the called UE increases the paging power, for example, doubling the paging power to three times or more of the normal paging power during emergency calls; yet another possible implementation is that when non-emergency paging coexists with an emergency call, non-emergency paging of other terminals is paused first to increase the success probability of paging for the emergency call. It should be understood that the above-mentioned various possible implementations can be implemented in parallel or individually, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0147] In some embodiments, before receiving the INVITE signaling, the called terminal establishes a radio bearer (RB) with the network-side network element, which is used to transmit SIP messages.

[0148] In some embodiments, after paging is successful and the called terminal is found, the network-side element can instruct the called terminal to perform a DRX disabling operation. For example, the network-side element can include parameters for disabling the DRX function in the RRC reconfiguration information. When the DRX function is disabled, the called terminal can continue to listen to the PDCCH, saving the latency caused by the DRX sleep period.

[0149] In one possible implementation, when the called UE is in IDLE state, it can send an RRC connection establishment request to the TN eNB after receiving a paging message. When the called UE is in INACTIVE state, it will send an RRC connection recovery request to the TN eNB. Subsequently, the TN eNB sends an RRC connection establishment or RRC connection recovery request message to the called UE, which includes INVITE signaling. After receiving the RRC connection establishment or RRC connection recovery message from the TN eNB, the called UE can send an RRC connection establishment complete message or an RRC recovery complete message to the TN eNB.

[0150] It should be understood that the RRC procedure initiated by a terminal device in different states after receiving a paging message is different. If the terminal device is in an idle state, it initiates an RRC connection establishment request, which may include a short-temporary mobile subscriber identity (S-TMSI). If the terminal device is in an inactive state, it initiates an RRC connection recovery request, which may include an inactive-radio network temporary identity (I-RNTI).

[0151] In one possible embodiment, the aforementioned request signaling can be transparently transmitted to the called UE, which can then parse it upon receipt. When the called UE determines that the request signaling originates from an NTN cell, it can notify the base station, core network elements, etc. Thus, after the network-side network elements of the called UE learn that the session invitation comes from an NTN cell, they can take actions to reduce latency. For example, they can instruct the called UE to disable DRX, or instruct the called UE to switch to a cell with lower latency, or use time-frequency resources with lower latency subcarrier spacing to transmit air interface data.

[0152] In S620, after receiving the request signaling, the called terminal determines the target media format from one or more candidate media formats, wherein the target media format is determined from one or more media formats supported by the calling terminal.

[0153] In some embodiments, the called terminal may select a unique voice encoding format based on the voice encoding / decoding format provided by the calling terminal and its own terminal capabilities, or based on the indication information in the INVITE signaling, and set it to bidirectional send-recv mode to ensure that the called terminal side prioritizes the recognition and activation of the unique voice encoding format.

[0154] For example, in a communication scenario where the calling UE is located within GEO coverage, when the calling UE includes a second indication in its INVITE signaling, this second indication is used to indicate an ultra-low bit rate (UBR) codec. After receiving the INVITE signaling, the called UE, having determined that it also supports the UBR codec, selects that UBR codec and sets it to bidirectional send-recv mode. It's worth noting that the called UE typically has a high probability of supporting new encoding formats. Even if the called UE does not support the voice codec provided by the calling UE, the voice packets sent by the calling UE can still be re-encoded by the core network before being forwarded to the called UE.

[0155] In S630, the called terminal sends a response message to the calling terminal requesting a call, the response message including the target media format selected by the called terminal.

[0156] In some embodiments, after the radio bearer is established, the called side SGW sends the cached INVITE signaling to the called side eNB, which then sends it to the called terminal. After receiving the INVITE signaling, the called terminal replies with a response message (100) to the called CSCF. The response message (100) indicates that the called terminal has received the INVITE signaling.

[0157] In some embodiments, the called terminal can send a call invitation response message (183 / Answer) to the CSCF entity via the network side network. The CSCF entity then forwards the call invitation response message (183 / Answer) to the calling terminal. This response message (183 / Answer) indicates that the called terminal is processing a call. The response signaling (183 / Answer) includes the target media format supported by the called terminal, which is determined from one or more media formats supported by the calling terminal.

[0158] In some embodiments, when the INVITE signaling includes the called terminal's delay jitter budget parameter, the called terminal adjusts the called-side buffer delay according to the delay jitter budget parameter and adds a delay jitter response parameter.

[0159] In some embodiments, when the INVITE signaling includes the voice transmission rate supported by the calling terminal, the response message of the called UE sending a call invitation to the calling terminal includes the voice transmission rate supported by the called UE, which matches the voice rate supported by the calling UE.

[0160] In S640, a voice call is established between the calling terminal and the called terminal.

[0161] In one possible embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, this step may include: S6501, the called terminal sends a response signaling (180) to the calling terminal through the network-side network element. The response signaling (180) indicates that the called terminal has been ringing.

[0162] S6502, the called terminal sends a response signaling (200) to the calling terminal through the network element. The response signaling (200) indicates that the request signaling (INVITE / OFFER) has been successfully received and processed by the called terminal, and the called terminal goes off-hook.

[0163] S6503. The calling terminal sends a response signaling (ACK) to the called terminal through a network element on the network side. The response signaling (ACK) indicates that the calling terminal has received the final response to the request signaling (INVITE / OFFER).

[0164] S6504. The calling terminal sends a request signaling (BYE) to the called terminal through a network element on the network side. The request signaling (BYE) indicates that the calling terminal requests to end the established call and the calling terminal hangs up.

[0165] S6505, the called terminal sends a response signaling (200) to the calling terminal through the network-side network element. The response signaling (200) indicates that the request signaling (BYE) has been successfully received and processed by the called terminal. At this point, the voice call establishment process is completed.

[0166] It should be understood that during the above interaction process, after the calling terminal receives the response message, since both the calling and receiving terminals have determined that they support only one encoding / decoding method and have both set the sendrecv mode, it signifies that the media negotiation between the two parties has been completed, and there is no need to conduct a second media negotiation.

[0167] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the calling and called terminals may no longer need to perform the resource reservation process during the above-described interaction. The reason is that since the calling terminal is located in an NTN cell, satellite link stability is typically poor and resources are dynamically allocated, so a dedicated bearer activated through traditional resource reservation may be ineffective; and the calling terminal may be an NB-IoT terminal, transmitting very little data, making network congestion in an NTN cell highly unlikely, thus eliminating the need for additional dedicated bearer configuration, i.e., no resource reservation is required.

[0168] The following is combined with Figure 8 This application systematically describes embodiments of the voice call setup process. It should be noted that... Figure 8 The voice call setup process illustrated is merely to help those skilled in the art understand the embodiments of this application, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of this application to the specific values ​​or scenarios shown. Figure 8 The examples are obviously subject to various equivalent modifications or changes, and such modifications or changes also fall within the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0169] It should be noted that, in Figure 8In the example shown, the calling UE's access network equipment is a satellite base station (NTN eNB), and the calling UE's IMS network elements include the calling proxy CSCF (P-CSCF), the calling inquiry-CSCF (I-CSCF), and the calling service (S-CSCF), etc. (collectively referred to as the calling CSCF in the figure). The called UE's access network equipment is a terrestrial base station (TN eNB), and the called UE's IMS network elements include the called proxy CSCF (P-CSCF), the called inquiry-CSCF (I-CSCF), and the called service (S-CSCF), etc. (collectively referred to as the called CSCF in the figure). In addition, the network equipment also includes the calling SGW / PGW, the called SGW / PGW, and the MME, etc.

[0170] Specifically, Figure 8 The voice call setup process shown may include the following steps S800~S812.

[0171] In S800, if the calling UE determines that it supports NTN-based voice services and the cell it is currently accessing also supports voice services, it sends a notification message including the called terminal PUI list to the NTN eNB before initiating a voice call. This notification message is then forwarded to the calling UE's calling CSCF via the SGW / PGW.

[0172] It should be understood that the purpose of sending a notification message to the calling CSCF is to pre-query the CSCF address of the called party. For example, after receiving the notification message, the calling S-CSCF pre-queries the DNS based on the called party's PUI list to determine the corresponding called party I-CSCF address. Then, the calling CSCF forwards the notification message to the called party I-CSCF. When the called party I-CSCF receives the notification message, it sends query information to the called party HSS, thereby pre-querying the called party S-CSCF address.

[0173] In S801, the calling UE, after determining that it supports NTN-based voice services and that the currently accessed cell also supports voice services, sends an INVITE signaling message to the NTN eNB. The INVITE signaling message includes the calling and called UE identifiers, Session Description Protocol (SDP) parameters, and first indication information indicating that the calling UE's serving cell is an NTN cell and that the calling UE supports the new encoding format.

[0174] For example, explorer Lao Wang encountered danger in an uninhabited desert area, so he urgently picked up his mobile phone to dial the emergency number, and then Lao Wang's mobile phone sent an INVITE signal to the satellite base station.

[0175] S802, the NTN eNB forwards the INVITE signaling to the calling UE's SGW / PGW.

[0176] Among them, the SGW / PGW of the calling UE can parse the INVITE signaling to determine that the call comes from the NTN cell, so as to take timely actions to shorten the air interface latency and network side latency.

[0177] S803, the calling UE's SGW / PGW forwards the INVITE signaling to the calling CSCF entity.

[0178] Optionally, the calling IMS network element may include the calling agent CSCF (P-CSCF), the calling query-CSCF (I-CSCF), and the calling service (S-CSCF) on the calling side. For example, the INVITE signaling is forwarded to the calling P-CSCF, and the calling P-CSCF directly forwards the INVITE message to the calling S-CSCF based on the calling S-CSCF information saved after registration.

[0179] S804, the calling CSCF entity replies to the calling UE with a response message, such as a 100 Trying message, to notify that the INVITE signaling has been processed.

[0180] S805, the calling CSCF entity forwards the INVITE signaling to the called CSCF entity.

[0181] Since the address of the called CSCF entity has already been found in the S800, the calling CSCF entity does not need to query the HSS again in this step. The calling CSCF entity can directly forward the INVITE signaling to the called CSCF entity that has been found.

[0182] S806, the called CSCF entity forwards the INVITE signaling to the called SGW / PGW.

[0183] S807, the called party's SGW / PGW sends a downlink data notification to the called party's MME.

[0184] In some cases, when the called UE is found to be in IDLE state by the SGW, it sends a downlink data notification to the MME and caches the INVITE message to notify the MME that "the calling UE is located in the NTN cell".

[0185] S808, the called MME sends a paging request to the called UE's TN eNB.

[0186] S809, the TN eNB resolves the INVITE signaling to indicate that the call originated from the NTN cell and sends an enhanced paging message to the called UE.

[0187] S810: After successfully finding the called UE through paging, an RB is established for the called UE.

[0188] S811: After receiving the forwarded INVITE signaling from the called SGW / PGW, the called UE sends a response message inviting the call to the calling UE.

[0189] For example, the called UE sends a response message (SDP Answer) to the calling UE to reply "Support new encoding format".

[0190] In this step, the new encoding format in the response message is also a new encoding format supported by the calling UE.

[0191] In S812, a voice call is established between the calling terminal and the called terminal.

[0192] The specific process of this step can be found in S640 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0193] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the calling UE and the called UE only need to perform one media negotiation. Furthermore, before initiating a call, the terminal sends a notification message to the network side to obtain the called UE's CSCF address in advance, saving the latency of querying the CSCF address. Subsequently, when the calling UE initiates a voice call within the NTN cell, the network side parses the INVITE signaling to determine that the call originates from the NTN cell, promptly performs paging enhancement, and saves latency, quickly completing the paging of the called user, further reducing the latency of voice call establishment.

[0194] Additionally, it is worth noting that, Figure 8 In the illustrated process, the IMS network element can parse the INVITE signaling to obtain the indication information "the calling party is calling through an NTN cell," and then notify the network side of the called UE. However, in actual applications, there may be situations where the IMS network element does not parse the INVITE. In this case, the called UE can parse the INVITE signaling, and after obtaining the indication information "the calling party is calling through an NTN cell," notify the network element on the called side.

[0195] In summary, based on the above description, sending INVITE signaling to the called UE in advance using the above method during the called party process can reduce the voice call setup delay, which can speed up the voice connection setup process in the NTN network and reduce the voice service access delay.

[0196] The above text, in conjunction with Figures 1 to 12, shows... Figure 8 The method embodiments of this application are described in detail below, in conjunction with... Figures 9 to 12The present application provides a detailed description of the apparatus embodiments. It should be understood that the descriptions of the method embodiments correspond to the descriptions of the apparatus embodiments; therefore, any parts not described in detail can be found in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0197] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wireless communication terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 The terminal 900 shown can be any of the calling or called terminals described above. The terminal 900 may include a first transceiver unit 910 and a first processing unit 920.

[0198] In one scenario, when terminal 900 can be any of the calling terminals described above, the first transceiver unit 910 can be used to send first indication information to the upper-layer module of the calling terminal; wherein, the first indication information is used to indicate that the calling terminal is operating in an NB-IoT NTN network environment.

[0199] As an example, the first processing unit 920 can be used to generate a request signaling based on the first indication information.

[0200] As an embodiment, the first transceiver unit 910 can also be used to send a request signaling to a network element on the network side, the request signaling being used to initiate a session invitation to the called terminal, the request signaling including one or more candidate media formats supported by the calling terminal; and to receive a response message of the request signaling, the response message including a target media format supported by the called terminal, the target media format being one of the one or more candidate media formats. As one embodiment, the first processing unit 920 can be used to establish a voice call with the called terminal.

[0201] The calling terminal acquires capability information; wherein the capability information includes at least one of the following: Does the calling terminal support NTN-based voice services? Does the calling terminal support voice enhancement? Whether the serving cell of the calling terminal is an NTN cell; Whether the serving cell of the calling terminal is an NB-IoT NTN cell; The NTN cell type of the serving cell of the calling terminal; The maximum wireless interface transmission latency that the calling terminal can support; The maximum voice service data rate that the calling terminal can support. The minimum voice service data rate that the calling terminal can support; The remaining battery power of the calling terminal; The maximum amount of data that the remaining battery power of the calling terminal can support; The maximum transmission duration that the remaining battery power of the calling terminal can support; Does the calling terminal request the network side to report the current device location information? Does the calling terminal support reporting location information? The calling terminal expects the called terminal's latency jitter budget parameters.

[0202] As one embodiment, the request signaling further includes second indication information, which is used to indicate the priority identifier corresponding to the one or more candidate media formats, and / or to indicate the recommended candidate media format.

[0203] As an example, the first transceiver unit 910 can also be used to send a notification message to a network element on the network side; wherein the notification message is used to trigger an advance query of the CSCF address of the called terminal.

[0204] As an example, the first transceiver unit 910 can also be used for the called terminal to obtain terminal information, the terminal information including at least one of the following: the called terminal's latency jitter budget parameter; the wireless signal quality under the current NTN cell; and the service type identification parameter.

[0205] In another scenario, when terminal 900 can be any of the called terminals described above, the first transceiver unit 910 can be used to receive request signaling from network-side network elements. The request signaling is used to initiate a session request to the called terminal. The request signaling is generated based on first indication information, which is used to indicate that the calling terminal is operating in an NB-IoT NTN network environment.

[0206] As an example, the request signaling includes one or more candidate media formats supported by the calling terminal; the first transceiver unit 910 can be used to send a response message to the request signaling, the response message including a target media format supported by the called terminal, the target media format being one of the one or more candidate media formats; the target media format is used to establish a voice call between the called terminal and the calling terminal.

[0207] As an example, the first processing unit 920 can be used to determine the target media format from one or more candidate media formats supported by the calling terminal.

[0208] As an example, the first transceiver unit 910 can also be used to acquire the capability information.

[0209] As one embodiment, the first transceiver unit 910 can be a transceiver 1130, the first processing unit 920 can be a processor 1110, and the first node 1100 may further include a memory 1120, specifically as follows: Figure 11 As shown.

[0210] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a network-side element used for wireless communication, provided in another embodiment of this application. Figure 10 The network-side network element shown can be any of the access network devices or network devices described above. This network-side network element 1000 may include a second transceiver unit 1010.

[0211] In one scenario, the second transceiver unit 1010 can be used to receive request signaling from the calling terminal, the request signaling being generated based on first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate that the calling terminal is operating in an NB-IoT NTN network environment.

[0212] The request signaling includes one or more candidate media formats supported by the calling terminal; As an example, the second transceiver unit 1010 can also be used to send a response message to the request signaling. The response message includes a target media format supported by the called terminal. The target media format is one of the one or more candidate media formats. The target media format is used to establish a voice call between the called terminal and the calling terminal.

[0213] As an example, the second transceiver unit 1010 can also be used to acquire the capability information.

[0214] As one embodiment, the second transceiver unit 1010 can also be used to receive a notification message; wherein the notification message is used to trigger an advance query of the CSCF address of the called terminal.

[0215] As one embodiment, the second transceiver unit 1010 can also be used to acquire terminal information, which includes at least one of the following: the latency jitter budget parameter of the called terminal; the wireless signal quality under the current NTN cell; and the identification parameter of the service type.

[0216] As one embodiment, the second transceiver unit 1010 can be a transceiver 930. The network-side element 1000 may also include a processor 1110 and a memory 1120, specifically as follows... Figure 11 As shown.

[0217] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 11The dashed lines indicate that the unit or module is optional. The device 1100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments. The device 1100 can be a chip, user equipment, or network device.

[0218] Apparatus 1100 may include one or more processors 1110. The processor 1110 may support apparatus 1100 in implementing the methods described in the preceding method embodiments. The processor 1110 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor. For example, the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU). Alternatively, the processor may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0219] The apparatus 1100 may further include one or more memories 1120. The memories 1120 store a program that can be executed by the processor 1110, causing the processor 1110 to perform the methods described in the preceding method embodiments. The memories 1120 may be independent of the processor 1110 or integrated within the processor 1110.

[0220] The device 1100 may also include a transceiver 1130. The processor 1110 can communicate with other devices or chips via the transceiver 1130. For example, the processor 1110 can send and receive data with other devices or chips via the transceiver 1130.

[0221] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware module of the communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Specifically, Figure 12 A block diagram is shown of a first communication device 1250 and a second communication device 1210 communicating with each other in an access network.

[0222] The first communication device 1250 includes a controller / processor 1259, a memory 1260, a data source 1267, a transmitter processor 1268, a receiver processor 1256, a multi-antenna transmitter processor 1257, a multi-antenna receiver processor 1258, a transmitter / receiver 1254, and an antenna 1252.

[0223] The second communication device 1210 includes a controller / processor 1275, a memory 1276, a data source 1277, a receiver processor 1270, a transmitter processor 1216, a multi-antenna receiver processor 1272, a multi-antenna transmitter processor 1271, a transmitter / receiver 1218, and an antenna 1220.

[0224] In the transmission from the second communication device 1210 to the first communication device 1250, at the second communication device 1210, upper-layer data packets from the core network or from the data source 1277 are provided to the controller / processor 1275. The core network and data source 1277 represent all protocol layers above the L2 layer. The controller / processor 1275 implements the functionality of the L2 layer. In the transmission from the second communication device 1210 to the first communication device 1250, the controller / processor 1275 provides header compression, encryption, packet segmentation and reordering, multiplexing between logical and transport channels, and radio resource allocation for the first communication device 1250 based on various priority metrics. The controller / processor 1275 is also responsible for retransmitting lost packets and signaling to the first communication device 1250. The transmit processor 1216 and the multi-antenna transmit processor 1271 implement various signal processing functions for the L1 layer (i.e., the physical layer). Transmit processor 1216 performs encoding and interleaving to facilitate forward error correction at the second communication device 1210, and mapping of signal clusters based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase shift keying, quadrature phase shift keying, M-phase shift keying, M-quadrature amplitude modulation). Multi-antenna transmit processor 1271 performs digital spatial precoding on the encoded and modulated symbols, including codebook-based precoding and non-codebook-based precoding, and beamforming processing to generate one or more spatial streams. Transmit processor 1216 then maps each spatial stream to subcarriers, multiplexes it with a reference signal (e.g., a pilot) in the time and / or frequency domains, and subsequently uses inverse fast Fourier transform to generate a physical channel carrying the time-domain multicarrier symbol stream. Multi-antenna transmit processor 1271 then performs transmit analog precoding / beamforming operations on the time-domain multicarrier symbol stream. Each transmitter 1218 converts the baseband multicarrier symbol stream provided by the multi-antenna transmitter processor 1271 into an radio frequency stream, which is then provided to different antennas 1220.

[0225] In the transmission from the second communication device 1210 to the first communication device 1250, at the first communication device 1250, each receiver 1254 receives a signal through its corresponding antenna 1252. Each receiver 1254 recovers the information modulated onto the radio frequency carrier and converts the radio frequency stream into a baseband multicarrier symbol stream, which is then provided to the receiver processor 1256. The receiver processor 1256 and the multi-antenna receiver processor 1258 implement various signal processing functions of Layer 1. The multi-antenna receiver processor 1258 performs receive analog precoding / beamforming operations on the baseband multicarrier symbol stream from the receiver 1254. The receiver processor 1256 uses a fast Fourier transform to convert the baseband multicarrier symbol stream after the receive analog precoding / beamforming operations from the time domain to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, the physical layer data signal and the reference signal are demultiplexed by the receiver processor 1256, where the reference signal is used for channel estimation, and the data signal is recovered in the multi-antenna receiver processor 1258 after multi-antenna detection to recover any spatial stream destined for the first communication device 1250. Symbols on each spatial stream are demodulated and recovered in the receive processor 1256, generating soft decisions. The receive processor 1256 then decodes and deinterleaves the soft decisions to recover the upper-layer data and control signals transmitted by the second communication device 1210 over the physical channel. The upper-layer data and control signals are then provided to the controller / processor 1259. The controller / processor 1259 implements the functions of Layer 2. The controller / processor 1259 may be associated with a memory 1260 storing program code and data. The memory 1260 may be referred to as computer-readable media. In the transmission from the second communication device 1210 to the first communication device 1250, the controller / processor 1259 provides multiplexing, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing between the transmission and logical channels to recover the upper-layer data packets from the second communication device 1210. The upper-layer data packets are then provided to all protocol layers above Layer 2. Various control signals may also be provided to Layer 3 for Layer 3 processing.

[0226] In the transmission from the first communication device 1250 to the second communication device 1210, at the first communication device 1250, upper-layer data packets are provided to the controller / processor 1259 using a data source 1267. The data source 1267 represents all protocol layers above the L2 layer. Similar to the transmission functions at the second communication device 1210 described in the transmission from the second communication device 1210 to the first communication device 1250, the controller / processor 1259 implements header compression, encryption, packet segmentation and reordering, and multiplexing between logic and transport channels, implementing L2 layer functions for the user plane and control plane. The controller / processor 1259 is also responsible for retransmitting lost packets and signaling to the second communication device 1210. Transmit processor 1268 performs modulation mapping and channel coding processing, while multi-antenna transmit processor 1257 performs digital multi-antenna spatial precoding, including codebook-based and non-codebook-based precoding, and beamforming processing. Subsequently, transmit processor 1268 modulates the generated spatial stream into a multi-carrier / single-carrier symbol stream. After analog precoding / beamforming operations in multi-antenna transmit processor 1257, the stream is provided to different antennas 1252 via transmitter 1254. Each transmitter 1254 first converts the baseband symbol stream provided by multi-antenna transmit processor 1257 into a radio frequency symbol stream before providing it to antenna 1252.

[0227] In the transmission from the first communication device 1250 to the second communication device 1210, the function of the second communication device 1210 is similar to the receiving function of the first communication device 1250 described in the transmission from the second communication device 1210 to the first communication device 1250. Each receiver 1218 receives radio frequency signals through its corresponding antenna 1220, converts the received radio frequency signals into baseband signals, and provides the baseband signals to the multi-antenna receiving processor 1272 and the receiving processor 1270. The receiving processor 1270 and the multi-antenna receiving processor 1272 jointly implement the L1 layer function. The controller / processor 1275 implements the L2 layer function. The controller / processor 1275 may be associated with a memory 1276 that stores program code and data. The memory 1276 may be referred to as computer-readable media. In the transmission from the first communication device 1250 to the second communication device 1210, the controller / processor 1275 provides multiplexing, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing between the transmission and logical channels to recover the upper-layer data packets from the first communication device 1250. The upper-layer data packets from the controller / processor 1275 can be provided to the core network or all protocol layers above the L2 layer, and various control signals can also be provided to the core network or L3 for L3 processing.

[0228] As one embodiment, the first communication device 1250 includes: at least one processor and at least one memory, the at least one memory including computer program code; the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to be used with the at least one processor, and the first communication device 1250 includes at least: the access layer of the calling terminal sending first indication information to the upper-layer module of the calling terminal; wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the calling terminal is operating in an NB-IoT NTN network environment.

[0229] As an example, the first communication device 1250 corresponds to the terminal in this application.

[0230] As one embodiment, the second communication device 1210 corresponds to the network-side network element in this application.

[0231] As an example, the first communication device 1250 is an NCR.

[0232] As one embodiment, the first communication device 1250 is a wireless repeater.

[0233] As an example, the first communication device 1250 is a relay.

[0234] As an example, the first communication device 1250 is a user equipment that can act as a relay node.

[0235] As an example, the first communication device 1250 is a V2X-enabled user equipment that can act as a relay node.

[0236] As one embodiment, the first communication device 1250 is a D2D-enabled user equipment that can act as a relay node.

[0237] As one embodiment, the second communication device 1210 is a base station.

[0238] As one embodiment, the antenna 1252, the receiver 1254, the multi-antenna receiving processor 1258, the receiving processor 1256, and the controller / processor 1259 are used to receive the first instruction information, request signaling, etc. in this application.

[0239] As one embodiment, the antenna 1220, the transmitter 1218, the multi-antenna transmitter processor 1271, the transmitter processor 1216, and the controller / processor 1275 are used to transmit the request signaling in this application.

[0240] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a program. This computer-readable storage medium can be applied to a terminal or network device provided in this application, and the program causes a computer to execute the methods performed by the terminal or network device in various embodiments of this application.

[0241] This application also provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes a program. The computer program product can be applied to a terminal or network device provided in this application embodiment, and the program causes a computer to execute the methods performed by the terminal or network device in various embodiments of this application.

[0242] This application also provides a computer program. This computer program can be applied to the terminal or network device provided in this application, and the computer program causes the computer to execute the methods performed by the terminal or network device in various embodiments of this application.

[0243] It should be understood that the terms "system" and "network" in this application can be used interchangeably. Furthermore, the terminology used in this application is only for explaining specific embodiments of the application and is not intended to limit the application. The terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0244] In the embodiments of this application, the term "instruction" can be a direct instruction, an indirect instruction, or an indication of a relationship. For example, A instructing B can mean that A directly instructs B, such as B being able to obtain information through A; it can also mean that A indirectly instructs B, such as A instructing C, so B can obtain information through C; or it can mean that there is a relationship between A and B.

[0245] In the embodiments of this application, "B corresponding to A" means that B is associated with A, and B can be determined based on A. However, it should also be understood that determining B based on A does not mean that B is determined solely based on A; B can also be determined based on A and / or other information.

[0246] In the embodiments of this application, the term "correspondence" can indicate a direct or indirect correspondence between two things, or an association between two things, or a relationship such as instruction and being instructed, configuration and being configured.

[0247] In this application embodiment, "predefined" or "preconfigured" can be implemented by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables, or other means that can be used to indicate relevant information in the device (e.g., including user equipment and network devices). This application does not limit the specific implementation method. For example, predefined can refer to what is defined in the protocol.

[0248] In this application embodiment, the "protocol" may refer to a standard protocol in the field of communication, such as the LTE protocol, the NR protocol, and related protocols applied to future communication systems. This application does not limit this.

[0249] In the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0250] In the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0251] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0252] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0253] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0254] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can read or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., digital video discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks (SSDs)).

[0255] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication, characterized in that, include: The access layer of the calling terminal sends a first indication message to the upper-layer module of the calling terminal; The first indication information is used to indicate that the calling terminal is operating in an NB-IoT NTN network environment.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The calling terminal generates a request signaling based on the first indication information and sends the request signaling to the network element. The request signaling is used to initiate a session invitation to the called terminal. The request signaling includes one or more candidate media formats supported by the calling terminal. The calling terminal receives a response message from the request signaling, the response message including a target media format supported by the called terminal, the target media format being one of the one or more candidate media formats; A voice call is established between the calling terminal and the called terminal.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The calling terminal acquires capability information; wherein the capability information includes at least one of the following: Does the calling terminal support NTN-based voice services? Does the calling terminal support voice enhancement? Whether the serving cell of the calling terminal is an NTN cell; Whether the serving cell of the calling terminal is an NB-IoT NTN cell; The NTN cell type of the serving cell of the calling terminal; The maximum wireless interface transmission latency that the calling terminal can support; The maximum voice service data rate that the calling terminal can support. The minimum voice service data rate that the calling terminal can support; The remaining battery power of the calling terminal; The maximum amount of data that the remaining battery power of the calling terminal can support; The maximum transmission duration that the remaining battery power of the calling terminal can support; Does the calling terminal request the network side to report the current device location information? Does the calling terminal support reporting location information? The calling terminal expects the called terminal's latency jitter budget parameters.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The request signaling also includes second indication information, which is used to indicate the priority identifier corresponding to the one or more candidate media formats, and / or to indicate the recommended candidate media format.

5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The calling terminal sends a notification message to the network element; wherein the notification message is used to trigger an advance query of the called terminal's CSCF address.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The called terminal obtains terminal information, which includes at least one of the following: The latency jitter budget parameters for the called terminal; Current wireless signal quality in NTN cells; Identifier parameters for business type.

7. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that, The request signaling is carried in a SIP message.

8. A wireless communication method, characterized in that, include: The called terminal receives a request signaling from a network element on the network side. The request signaling is used to initiate a session request to the called terminal. The request signaling is generated based on first indication information, which is used to indicate that the calling terminal is working in an NB-IoT NTN network environment.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The request signaling includes one or more candidate media formats supported by the calling terminal; The called terminal sends a response message to the request signaling, the response message including a target media format supported by the called terminal, the target media format being one of the one or more candidate media formats; the target media format is used to establish a voice call between the called terminal and the calling terminal.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: The called terminal determines the target media format from one or more candidate media formats supported by the calling terminal.

11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: The called terminal acquires capability information; wherein the capability information includes at least one of the following: Does the calling terminal support NTN-based voice services? Does the calling terminal support voice enhancement? Whether the serving cell of the calling terminal is an NTN cell; Whether the serving cell of the calling terminal is an NB-IoT NTN cell; The NTN cell type of the serving cell of the calling terminal; The maximum wireless interface transmission latency that the calling terminal can support; The maximum voice service data rate that the calling terminal can support. The minimum voice service data rate that the calling terminal can support; The remaining battery power of the calling terminal; The maximum amount of data that the remaining battery power of the calling terminal can support; The maximum transmission duration that the remaining battery power of the calling terminal can support; Does the calling terminal request the network side to report the current device location information? Does the calling terminal support reporting location information? The calling terminal expects the called terminal's latency jitter budget parameters.

12. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The request signaling also includes second indication information, which is used to indicate the priority identifier corresponding to the one or more candidate media formats, and / or to indicate the recommended candidate media format.

13. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that, The request signaling is carried in a SIP message.

14. A method for wireless communication, characterized in that, include: The network element receives a request signaling from the calling terminal. The request signaling is generated based on first indication information, which is used to indicate that the calling terminal is operating in an NB-IoT NTN network environment.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The request signaling includes one or more candidate media formats supported by the calling terminal; The network-side network element sends a response message to the request signaling. The response message includes a target media format supported by the called terminal. The target media format is one of the one or more candidate media formats. The target media format is used to establish a voice call between the called terminal and the calling terminal.

16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that, Also includes: The network-side network element acquires capability information; wherein the capability information includes at least one of the following: Does the calling terminal support NTN-based voice services? Does the calling terminal support voice enhancement? Whether the serving cell of the calling terminal is an NTN cell; Whether the serving cell of the calling terminal is an NB-IoT NTN cell; The NTN cell type of the serving cell of the calling terminal; The maximum wireless interface transmission latency that the calling terminal can support; The maximum voice service data rate that the calling terminal can support. The minimum voice service data rate that the calling terminal can support; The remaining battery power of the calling terminal; The maximum amount of data that the remaining battery power of the calling terminal can support; The maximum transmission duration that the remaining battery power of the calling terminal can support; Does the calling terminal request the network side to report the current device location information? Does the calling terminal support reporting location information? The calling terminal expects the called terminal's latency jitter budget parameters.

17. The method according to any one of claim 14 or 16, characterized in that, The request signaling also includes second indication information, which is used to indicate the priority identifier corresponding to the one or more candidate media formats, and / or to indicate the recommended candidate media format.

18. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that, Also includes: The network-side network element receives a notification message; wherein the notification message is used to trigger an advance query of the CSCF address of the called terminal.

19. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that, Also includes: The network-side network element acquires terminal information, which includes at least one of the following: The latency jitter budget parameters for the called terminal; Current wireless signal quality in NTN cells; Identifier parameters for business type.

20. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that, The request signaling is carried in a SIP message.

21. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes units or modules for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1-7 or 8-13.

22. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes units or modules for performing the method as described in any one of claims 14-20.

23. A terminal used for wireless communication, characterized in that, The device includes a transceiver, a memory, and a processor. The memory stores a program, and the processor invokes the program in the memory and controls the transceiver to receive or send signals so that the terminal performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-7 or 8-13.

24. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes at least one processor; and One or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media, said one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media coupled to said at least one processor and storing programming instructions executable by said at least one processor, said programming instructions, when executed, cause said at least one processor to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-7, 8-13, 14-20.

25. A chip, characterized in that, Includes a processor for calling a program from memory, causing a device on which the chip is mounted to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-7, 8-13, 14-20.

26. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It contains a program that causes a computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-7, 8-13, 14-20.

27. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a program that causes a computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-7, 8-13, 14-20.

28. A computer program, characterized in that, The computer program causes the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-7, 8-13, 14-20.

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