Isolating switch unit and double-column vertical stand-open isolating switch capable of being turned over

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of isolating switch, and is used to solve the problem that the existing isolating switch cannot meet the sufficient insulation distance and small space occupation simultaneously. The isolating switch unit comprises a main switch, a static contact, an operating insulator, an isolating switch base and a grounding switch. The main switch is located at the top of the first support insulator, and the static contact is fixed at the top of the second support insulator. The transmission crank of the main switch is fixedly connected with the operating insulator. When the operating insulator drives the transmission crank to rotate, the conductive pipe is pushed and pulled by the pull rod to rotate. When the contact plate on the conductive pipe contacts with the contact finger on the static contact, the switch is closed. Through the design of the super-right-angle rotation of the main switch and the overturning, the precise opening and closing of the switch is ensured, and a pure vertical fracture is constructed. Compared with the conventional double-column horizontal rotating isolating switch and the single-column vertical telescopic isolating switch, the insulation distance is larger, and the overall space occupation is smaller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of disconnecting switch technology, specifically to a disconnecting switch unit and a double-column vertical disconnecting switch capable of flipping. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale construction of ultra-high voltage (UHV) power grids, stringent requirements are placed on disconnecting switches for both "sufficient insulation distance" and "minimal space occupation." On the one hand, under UHV conditions, the air insulation distance needs to reach several meters; otherwise, breakdown and flashover are likely to occur. On the other hand, substation land resources are scarce, necessitating a compact layout to reduce equipment spacing width and height, thereby lowering engineering costs. However, existing disconnecting switch structures exhibit significant bottlenecks in the synergistic optimization of these two aspects.

[0003] The following defects exist for double-column horizontal rotary disconnect switches: (1) Space limitation: When the switch is opened, the conductor rod swings horizontally, requiring a horizontal movement space ≥ the length of the conductor rod. When multiple circuits run in parallel, the horizontal footprint increases exponentially, severely compressing the redundancy of the substation layout. (2) Insulation performance limitation: The electric field distribution of the horizontal break is uneven, and the insulation efficiency of the air gap is much lower than that of the vertical break. To meet the insulation requirements of UHV, the horizontal distance needs to be further increased, which exacerbates the space occupation contradiction.

[0004] For single-column vertical telescopic disconnect switches, there are the following defects: (1) Limited space: Although the horizontal footprint is small, the single column support causes the conductor rod to be subjected to concentrated bending moment, which is prone to bending and deformation during long-term operation, resulting in a "hidden reduction" of the insulation distance; and the insulation rod of the telescopic mechanism needs to withstand tension + bending moment, which accelerates insulation aging and increases maintenance costs sharply. (2) Limited insulation distance: The vertical telescopic stroke is limited by the structure, making it difficult to stably achieve the "ultra-long break distance" required by UHV. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a disconnecting switch unit and a double-column vertically opening disconnecting switch that can be flipped, in order to solve the problem that existing disconnecting switches cannot simultaneously satisfy the requirements of sufficient insulation distance and small space occupation.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: a disconnecting switch unit, including a main switch, a stationary contact, an operating insulator, a disconnecting switch base, and a grounding switch. A first post insulator, a second post insulator, a main switch operating mechanism, and a grounding switch operating mechanism are fixed on the disconnecting switch base. The main switch includes a main switch frame, a transmission crank arm, a pull rod, a conductive tube, and a flexible connector. The main switch frame is fixedly connected to the first post insulator. The first end of the main switch frame has a terminal block. The first end of the transmission crank arm is rotatably connected to the main switch frame. The first end of the conductive tube is rotatably mounted with a conductive tube base, which is rotatably connected to the second end of the main switch frame. The first end of the pull rod is hinged to the second end of the transmission crank arm, and the second end of the pull rod is hinged to the first end of the conductive tube. The second end of the conductive tube has a contact plate. The flexible connector is telescopic, and its first end is fixedly connected to the main switch frame. The second end of the flexible connector is fixedly connected to the conductive tube base, and the flexible connector realizes the electrical connection between the main switch frame and the conductive tube base; the stationary contact is fixed to the top of the second post insulator, and the operating insulator and the grounding switch are rotatably mounted on the disconnector base; the main switch operating mechanism is connected to the operating insulator through the main switch transmission assembly, and the main switch transmission assembly transmits the rotational motion of the main switch operating mechanism to the operating insulator; the grounding switch operating mechanism is connected to the grounding switch through the grounding switch transmission assembly, and the grounding switch transmission assembly transmits the rotational motion of the grounding switch operating mechanism to the grounding switch, so that the grounding switch extends and retracts vertically; the transmission crank arm of the main switch is fixedly connected to the operating insulator; when the operating insulator drives the transmission crank arm to rotate, the conductive tube is pushed and pulled by the pull rod to rotate the conductive tube, and the contact plate on the conductive tube contacts the contact finger on the stationary contact to realize the closing; the main switch and the stationary contact have grounding contacts for contacting the corresponding grounding switches.

[0007] Furthermore, the main switch frame also includes angle aluminum and conductive base. The angle aluminum consists of two parallel pieces. The first end of the angle aluminum is fixedly connected to the terminal block, and the second end of the angle aluminum is fixedly connected to the conductive base.

[0008] Furthermore, the flexible connector includes a fixing plate, a clamping plate, a steel sheet, and an aluminum sheet. There are two fixing plates, two steel sheets located between the two fixing plates, and several aluminum sheets disposed between the two steel sheets. Two clamping plates are fixed on the fixing plates, and the ends of the aluminum sheets and steel sheets extend into the clamping plates on the corresponding sides and are fixedly connected to the clamping plates.

[0009] Furthermore, a spring sleeve is provided between the conductive tube base and the main switch frame. The spring sleeve extends under external tension and returns to its original shape after the external tension is removed. The first end of the spring sleeve is hinged to the main switch frame, and the second end of the spring sleeve is hinged to the conductive tube base.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner wall of the conductive tube base has watch strap fingers, the first end of the conductive tube has a conductive cylinder, the conductive cylinder extends into the inner side of the conductive tube base and is rotatably connected to the conductive tube base, and the conductive cylinder is in contact with the inner wall of the watch strap fingers.

[0011] Furthermore, the first end of the transmission crank arm has a flange for fixed connection with the top of the operating insulator.

[0012] Furthermore, there are two grounding switches and two grounding switch operating mechanisms. The first grounding switch and grounding switch operating mechanism is located on the side where the main switch is located, and the second grounding switch and grounding switch operating mechanism is located on the side where the stationary contact is located.

[0013] Furthermore, the conductive base has a first buffer block, which limits and buffers the swing of the conductive tube when it contacts the conductive tube base; the stationary contact has a second buffer block, which limits and buffers the swing of the conductive tube when it contacts the conductive tube.

[0014] Furthermore, the stationary contact includes a stationary contact base, contact fingers, and an arc-initiating device. The stationary contact base is fixedly connected to the second post insulator. The contact fingers are in two sets and fixedly connected to the stationary contact base. The arc-initiating device includes an arc-initiating rod and an arc-initiating bracket. The arc-initiating bracket is fixedly connected to the stationary contact base. The lower end of the arc-initiating rod is hinged to the arc-initiating bracket. An arc-initiating spring is located between the bottom of the arc-initiating rod and the arc-initiating bracket. When the arc-initiating spring is at its natural length, the arc-initiating rod is in a vertical state.

[0015] The present invention also provides a flip-up double-column vertical disconnect switch including a disconnect switch unit, wherein the disconnect switch unit has three phases arranged in parallel.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The double-column vertical disconnect switch of this invention is composed of three-phase disconnect switch units, which are arranged in parallel and operate synchronously. Through the design of the main switch blade rotating and flipping at an ultra-right angle of 91°-93°, it not only ensures precise opening and closing but also creates a pure vertical break. Compared with conventional double-column horizontal rotary disconnect switches and single-column vertical telescopic disconnect switches, it has a larger insulation distance and occupies less space overall. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the disconnecting switch unit of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the main switch and stationary contact in the closed state of the present invention; Figure 3 This is one of the three-dimensional diagrams of the main switch section structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front view of the main switch section structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is the second three-dimensional view of the main switch section structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the spring sleeve; Figure 7 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of section A in the image; Figure 8 A three-dimensional diagram of the partial structure of the stationary contact; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the conductive base and the conductive tube base; Figure 10 This is a 3D diagram of the conductive tube; Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional positional diagram of the first buffer block and the base ear plate; Figure 12 This is a side view of the arc-starting device; Figure 13 This is the front view of the flexible connector; In the diagram: 1 Main switch, 11 Terminal block, 12 Angle aluminum, 13 Crank arm bracket, 14 Conductive tube, 141 Conductive tube ear plate, 142 Contact plate, 143 Arc-starting ball, 1431 Ball seat, 144 First equalizing ring, 145 Conductive cylinder, 15 Transmission crank arm, 151 Flange, 152 Connecting part, 153 Connecting plate, 16 Conductive tube base, 161 Skeleton oil seal, 162 Bearing, 163 Watch strap contact finger, 164 Composite bushing, 165 Base ear plate, 17 Conductive base, 171 Transition bracket, 172 Rotating shaft, 18 Limiting plate, 181 First buffer block, 19 Spring sleeve, 191 Sleeve body, 192 Pressure plate, 193 Spring pressure rod, 194 Spring mounting plate, 195 First spring Spring, 196 Second Spring, 110 Second Equalizing Ring, 111 Flexible Connector, 1111 Fixing Clip, 1112 Steel Sheet, 1113 Aluminum Sheet, 112 Grounding Contact, 113 Bend Plate, 114 Pull Rod, 115 Connecting Frame, 2 Stationary Contact, 21 Stationary Contact Seat, 22 Arc Ignition Device, 221 Arc Ignition Rod, 222 Arc Ignition Bracket, 223 Fixing Bolt, 224 Guide Rod, 225 Arc Ignition Spring, 23 Rainproof Cover, 24 Guide Plate, 25 Second Buffer Block, 26 Contact Finger, 27 Third Equalizing Ring, 3 First Post Insulator, 3′ Second Post Insulator, 4 Operating Insulator, 5 Disconnect Switch Base, 6 Grounding Knife, 7 Main Knife Operating Mechanism, 8 Grounding Knife Operating Mechanism, 9 Main Knife Crank Arm, 10 Grounding Knife Crank Arm. Detailed Implementation

[0018] like Figures 1 to 13 As shown, the reversible double-column vertical disconnecting switch of the present invention includes a three-phase disconnecting switch unit. Each phase disconnecting switch unit includes a main switch 1, a stationary contact 2, a first post insulator 3, a second post insulator 3', an operating insulator 4, a disconnecting switch base 5, a grounding switch 6, a main switch operating mechanism 7, a grounding switch operating mechanism 8, a main switch crank arm 9, and a grounding switch crank arm 10. The structure and working principle of the disconnecting switch unit and the double-column vertical disconnecting switch of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 13 As shown, the disconnecting switch unit includes a main switch 1, a stationary contact 2, a first post insulator 3, a second post insulator 3', an operating insulator 4, a disconnecting switch base 5, a grounding switch 6, a main switch operating mechanism 7, a grounding switch operating mechanism 8, a main switch crank arm 9, and a grounding switch crank arm 10. The disconnecting switch base 5 is the basic component of the disconnecting switch unit. The first post insulator 3, the second post insulator 3', the operating insulator 4, the grounding switch 6, the main switch operating mechanism 7, the grounding switch operating mechanism 8, the main switch crank arm 9, and the grounding switch crank arm 10 are all located on the disconnecting switch base 5, which is fixedly installed in the operating environment. Figure 1 As shown, the operating insulator 4, the first post insulator 3, and the second post insulator 3' are all vertically arranged, and are arranged sequentially from left to right. The lower ends of the first post insulator 3 and the second post insulator 3' are fixedly connected to the disconnector base 5, and the lower end of the operating insulator 4 is rotatably connected to the disconnector base 5. A main blade operating mechanism 7 is fixedly installed on the disconnector base 5. The output end of the main blade operating mechanism 7 is fixedly connected to one end of the main blade crank arm 9, and the other end of the main blade crank arm 9 is connected to a turntable fixed on the operating insulator 4 through a connecting rod. The main blade crank arm 9 is hinged to the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is hinged to the turntable. The connecting rod and the turntable constitute the main blade transmission mechanism, and the main blade transmission mechanism and the main blade crank arm 9 constitute the main blade transmission assembly. The main blade transmission assembly is located between the output end of the main blade operating mechanism 7 and the operating insulator 4, transmitting the rotational motion output by the main blade operating mechanism 7 to the operating insulator 4. The main blade transmission assembly is existing technology.

[0020] After the main operating mechanism 7 is activated, it directly drives the rotation of the active crank arm 9. The rotation of the active crank arm 9 pushes / pulls the turntable through the connecting rod, thereby driving the rotation of the operating insulator 4. Two grounding switches 6 and two grounding switch operating mechanisms 8 are installed on the disconnector base 5. A grounding switch transmission assembly is installed between the grounding switch operating mechanism 8 and the grounding switch 6. The grounding switch transmission assembly includes a grounding switch crank arm 10 and a grounding switch transmission mechanism. If the grounding switch transmission mechanism includes a connecting rod, after the grounding switch operating mechanism 8 is activated, it drives the vertical extension and retraction of the grounding switch 6 through the grounding switch crank arm 10 and the transmission mechanism. The grounding switch transmission assembly is existing technology. The first grounding switch 6 and the first grounding switch operating mechanism 8 are located on the main switch 1 side, and the second grounding switch 6 and the second grounding switch operating mechanism 8 are located on the stationary contact 2 side. Driving the rotation of the operating insulator 4 through the main operating mechanism 7 and driving the vertical extension and retraction of the grounding switch 6 through the grounding switch operating mechanism 8 are both existing technologies and will not be described further.

[0021] A main switch 1 is disposed between the top of the operating insulator 4 and the top of the first post insulator 3, and a stationary contact 2 is disposed on the top of the second post insulator 3'. When the operating insulator 4 rotates, it causes the conductive tube 14 of the main switch 1 to swing relative to the main switch 1 in the vertical plane. When the contact plate 142 on the conductive tube 14 extends between the two contact fingers 26 on the stationary contact 2, the circuit is closed. When the operating insulator 4 rotates in the reverse direction, it causes the conductive tube 14 of the main switch 1 to swing in the opposite direction relative to the main switch 1 in the vertical plane. When the contact plate 142 on the conductive tube 14 moves out from between the two contact fingers 26 on the stationary contact 2, the circuit is opened.

[0022] The innovation of this invention lies in the design of the main switch 1 and the stationary contact 2. The structures of the main switch 1 and the stationary contact 2 are described separately below.

[0023] like Figures 2 to 5As shown, the main switch 1 includes a terminal block 11, angle aluminum brackets 12, a crank arm bracket 13, a conductive tube 14, a transmission crank arm 15, a conductive tube base 16, a conductive base 17, and a spring sleeve 19. The terminal block 11, angle aluminum brackets 12, and conductive base 17 constitute the basic frame of the main switch 1, i.e., the main switch frame. Two angle aluminum brackets 12 are arranged in parallel, and the terminal block 11 is located between the first ends of the two angle aluminum brackets 12, and the terminal block 11 is fixedly connected to the angle aluminum brackets 12 by bolts. The conductive base 17 is located between the second ends of the two angle aluminum brackets 12, and the conductive base 17 is fixedly connected to the angle aluminum brackets 12 by bolts. Furthermore, a transition bracket 171 is fixed to the bottom of the conductive base 17, and the transition bracket 171 is fixedly connected to the top of the first post insulator 3. Between the first ends of the two angle aluminum members 12, there are vertically arranged crank arm brackets 13 and bent plates 113. The crank arm bracket 13 is generally rectangular, with its first end overlapping the top surface of the first angle aluminum member 12 and its second end overlapping the top surface of the second angle aluminum member 12. The crank arm bracket 13 and the angle aluminum members 12 are fixedly connected by bolts. The bent plate 113 is generally shaped like a "]", located between the two angle aluminum members 12 and fixedly connected to them by bolts. The bent plate 113 serves three purposes: first, it enhances the stability of the connection between the two angle aluminum members 12; second, it provides auxiliary support for the transmission crank arm 15; and third, it is used to install the spring sleeve 19.

[0024] like Figure 3 As shown, the transmission crank arm 15 has two connecting parts 152, which are connected by a connecting plate 153. In use, the two connecting parts 152 are positioned one above the other, thus the connecting plate 153 is in an inclined state. The connecting part 152 at the first end of the transmission crank arm 15 is rotatably connected to the crank arm bracket 13, and the connecting part 152 at the first end of the transmission crank arm 15 passes through the crank arm bracket 13 and the bending plate 113 from top to bottom. A flange 151 is fixed on the connecting part 152 at the first end of the transmission crank arm 15. The flange 151 is located below the bending plate 113 and is used to fix the top of the operating insulator 4, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the top of the operating insulator 4 and the transmission crank arm 15, and thus achieving the purpose of rotating the operating insulator 4 to drive the transmission crank arm 15 to rotate in the horizontal plane. The connecting part 152 at the second end of the transmission crank arm 15 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 153, and the connecting part 152 at the second end of the transmission crank arm 15 is connected to the conductive tube 14 through the pull rod 114. The assembly method of the connecting part 152 at the second end of the transmission crank arm 15 and the conductive tube 14 is described below.

[0025] like Figure 10As shown, the conductive tube 14 has a cylindrical structure. A conductive cylinder 145 is welded to the first end of the conductive tube 14. The conductive cylinder 145 is coaxially arranged with the conductive tube 14, and a part of the conductive cylinder 145 extends into the conductive tube 14. The outer wall of the first end of the conductive tube 14 has a conductive tube ear plate 141. A first equalizing ring 144 and a contact plate 142 are fixed to the second end of the conductive tube 14. The first equalizing ring 144 is used to prevent discharge. The second end of the conductive tube 14 has an arc-inducing ball 143. The arc-inducing ball 143 has a T-shaped ball seat 1431. The ball seat 1431 is essentially a combination of a metal plate and a metal rod. The metal plate and the metal rod are perpendicularly arranged and fixedly connected. The metal plate part of the ball seat 1431 is fixedly connected to the second end of the conductive tube 14 by bolts, and the metal rod part of the ball seat 1431 is fixedly connected to the arc-inducing ball 143, thereby indirectly contacting the arc-inducing ball 143 and the contact plate 142. The first end of the conductive tube 14 is rotatably connected to the upper part of the conductive base 17 via a rotating shaft 172, and a pull rod 114 is provided between the connecting part 152 of the second end of the conductive tube ear plate 141 and the transmission crank arm 15. Figure 4 As shown, the pull rod 114 has a tapered structure, with a smaller first end and a larger second end. The first end of the pull rod 114 has a connecting frame 115, specifically comprising a U-shaped portion, a screw, and a nut. The U-shaped portion is hinged to the connecting part 152 at the second end of the transmission crank arm 15. The first end of the screw is rotatably connected to the U-shaped portion, and the second end of the screw is threaded with a nut, which is fixedly connected to the first end of the pull rod 114. The connecting frame 115 allows for adjustment of the distance between the pull rod 114 and the connecting part 152 at the second end of the transmission crank arm 15 to meet assembly requirements. When the transmission crank arm 15 rotates in the horizontal plane, the pull rod 114 pulls the conductive tube 14, causing the conductive tube 14 to rotate relative to the conductive base 17.

[0026] To achieve an electrical connection between the terminal block 11 and the conductive tube 14, such as Figure 4 As shown, a flexible connector 111 is provided between the terminal block 11 and the conductive tube 14. The first end of the flexible connector 111 is fixedly connected to the angle aluminum 12 by bolts, and the second end of the flexible connector 111 is fixedly connected to the first end of the conductive tube 14 by bolts. The flexible connector 111 has extensibility and elasticity. The terminal block 11 is fixed in contact with the angle aluminum 12, the angle aluminum 12 is fixed in contact with the flexible connector 111, and the flexible connector 111 is fixed in contact with the conductive tube 14, thereby achieving an electrical connection between the conductive tube 14 and the terminal block 11. There are two flexible connectors 111, and the two flexible connectors 111 are symmetrically arranged.

[0027] To ensure the stability of the flexible connector 111 when the conductive tube 14 rotates relative to the conductive base 17, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a conductive tube base 16 is provided at the first end of the conductive tube 14. Figure 9 As shown, the conductive tube base 16 has a cylindrical structure. Both ends of the conductive tube base 16 have internal skeleton oil seals 161. The first end of the conductive tube base 16 has an internal bearing 162, with the outer ring of the bearing 162 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the conductive tube base 16. The second end of the conductive tube base 16 has two watch strap fingers 163 and two watch strap fingers 163, which are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the conductive tube base 16. The composite bushing 164 is also rotatably connected to the inner wall of the conductive tube base 16 and is located between the watch strap fingers 163 and the skeleton oil seals 161 at the second end of the conductive tube base 16. The conductive tube 145 at the first end of the conductive tube 14 extends into the conductive tube base 16 and is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing 162. The outer wall of the conductive tube 145 contacts the watch strap fingers 163. The outer wall of the conductive tube base 16 has a base ear plate 165, which is rotatably connected to the conductive base 17 via a rotating shaft 172, thereby realizing an indirect rotatable connection between the conductive tube 14 and the conductive base 17. When the pull rod 114 pushes and pulls the conductive tube 14 to rotate relative to the conductive base 17 in the vertical plane, the flexible connector 111 extends and retracts, which can meet the rotation requirements of the conductive tube base 16 relative to the conductive tube 14.

[0028] like Figure 5 As shown, a limiting plate 18 is fixed on the upper part of the conductive base 17, and two first buffer blocks 181 are symmetrically arranged on the limiting plate 18. The first buffer blocks 181 are rubber parts. Figure 11 As shown, the base ear plate 165 has two sides, which correspond one-to-one with two first buffer blocks 181. During the rotation of the conductive tube 14 relative to the conductive base 17, when the first buffer block 181 contacts the corresponding base ear plate 165, it limits the rotation of the conductive tube 14, that is, it restricts the rotation amplitude of the conductive tube 14.

[0029] To ensure a smooth descent of the conductive tube 14, a spring sleeve 19 is provided between the conductive tube base 16 and the bending plate 113. Figure 6As shown, the spring sleeve 19 includes a sleeve body 191, a pressure plate 192, a spring rod 193, a first spring 195, and a second spring 196. The sleeve body 191 has a cylindrical structure. Pressure plates 192 are fixed inside both ends of the sleeve body 191. The pressure plate 192 at the first end of the sleeve body 191 is provided with an ear plate, and the pressure plate 192 at the second end of the sleeve body 191 is provided with a through hole. The first end of the spring rod 193 has a spring mounting plate 194, which is located inside the sleeve body 191. The second end of the spring rod 193 extends out of the sleeve body 191. The first spring 195 and the second spring 196 are provided between the spring mounting plate 194 and the pressure plate 192 at the second end of the sleeve body 191. The second spring 196 and the first spring 195 are arranged inside and outside the sleeve body 195. Under the action of the first spring 195 and the second spring 196, the spring rod 193 extends into the sleeve body 191 to its maximum length. As the spring rod 193 gradually moves out of the sleeve body 191, under the coordinated action of the first spring 195 and the second spring 196, the spring rod 193 smoothly moves out of the sleeve body 191.

[0030] Two symmetrically arranged second equalizing rings 110 are provided around the main switch 1. The second equalizing rings 110 are used to prevent discharge. The terminal block 11, the angle aluminum 12, and the conductive base 17 are located between the two second equalizing rings 110, and the second equalizing rings 110 are fixedly connected to the angle aluminum 12 by rods. A grounding contact 112 is provided on the transition bracket 171.

[0031] like Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown, the stationary contact 2 includes a stationary contact base 21, an arc-starting device 22, a rain cover 23, a guide plate 24, a second buffer block 25, contact fingers 26, and a third equalizing ring 27. The stationary contact base 21 is the basic component of the stationary contact 2. The stationary contact base 21 also has a terminal block, and the bottom of the stationary contact base 21 also has a transition bracket 171. On the one hand, the transition bracket 171 is fixedly connected to the top of the second post insulator 3', realizing the fixed connection between the stationary contact base 21 and the second post insulator 3'; on the other hand, a grounding contact 112 is also provided on the transition bracket 171. There are two sets of contact fingers 26, which are symmetrically distributed on the top of the stationary contact base 21. Each set of contact fingers 26 consists of several fingers arranged at equal intervals, and the lower end of the contact fingers 26 is fixedly connected to the stationary contact base 21. There are two guide plates 24, which are symmetrically distributed on the top of the stationary contact base 21. The lower end of the guide plates 24 is fixedly connected to the stationary contact base 21, and the guide plates 24 are located on the same side of the several contact fingers 26 in each set. The two guide plates 24 form an inverted V-shape. The guide plates 24 are designed to guide the contact plate 142 on the conductive tube 14 smoothly into the space between the two sets of contact fingers 26. Simultaneously, the shape and installation position of the guide plates 24 should ensure that the contact plate 142, after entering the space between the two sets of contact fingers 26, presses against the contact fingers 26 with even pressure to ensure contact. The second buffer block 25 is fixed to the top of the stationary contact base 21. The second buffer block 25 is located on the same side as the contact fingers 26 and the guide plates 24, but closer to the guide plates 24. The second buffer block 25 is also located in the area between the two guide plates 24 and is made of rubber. After the second buffer block 25 contacts the conductive tube 14, it limits the conductive tube 14, at which point the contact plate 142 is positioned optimally between the two sets of contact fingers 26. Furthermore, the second buffer block 25 also cushions the conductive tube 14 during its descent. To protect the contact fingers 26, two symmetrically arranged rain covers 23 are fixed to the top of the stationary contact base 21. Each of the two sets of contact fingers 26 corresponds to one of the two rain covers 23, and the rain covers 23 are located outside the corresponding contact fingers 26, thus protecting them. Third equalizing rings 27 are provided on both sides of the stationary contact base 21. The third equalizing rings 27 are fixedly connected to the stationary contact base 21 via rods and are used to prevent discharge. Figure 7 As shown, an arc-inducing device 22 is also fixed on the top of the stationary contact base 21, and the arc-inducing device 22 is located to the side of one of the sets of contact fingers 26. Figure 12As shown, the arc-initiating device 22 includes an arc-initiating rod 221, an arc-initiating bracket 222, a fixing bolt 223, a guide rod 224, and an arc-initiating spring 225. The arc-initiating bracket 222 has a "∟" shaped structure. The vertical part of the arc-initiating bracket 222 is fixedly connected to the stationary contact seat 21, and the horizontal part of the arc-initiating bracket 222 is located above the stationary contact seat 21. The lower end of the arc-initiating rod 221 is rotatably connected to the horizontal part of the arc-initiating bracket 222. The lower end of the arc-initiating rod 221 is also fixed with a fixing bolt 223, but the connection point between the fixing bolt 223 and the arc-initiating rod 221 is located below the connection point between the arc-initiating rod 221 and the arc-initiating bracket 222. A guide rod 224 is fixedly fixed on the vertical part of the arc-initiating bracket 222. The first end of the arc-initiating spring 225 is fixedly connected to the guide rod 224, and the second end of the arc-initiating spring 225 is fixedly connected to the fixing bolt 223. The arc-initiating spring 225 provides a certain preload between the arc-initiating rod 221 and the arc-initiating support 222. The arc-initiating rod 221 has a curved structure, with the lower half vertical and the upper half inclined. Since the arc-initiating device is positioned laterally on one set of contact fingers 26, and this set of contact fingers 26 is located between the arc-initiating device 22 and the corresponding guide plate 24, the arc-initiating device 22 also provides a certain guiding effect on the conductive tube 14. The main function of the arc-initiating device 22 is that, during circuit breaking, after the contact plate 142 on the conductive tube 14 separates from the contact fingers 26 of the stationary contact 2, the arc-initiating rod 221 remains in contact with the arc-initiating ball 143 at the second end of the conductive tube 14 for a period of time under the action of the arc-initiating spring 225, thereby transferring current during circuit breaking.

[0032] The working principle of this invention is described below: (1) Initial state of closing: such as Figure 1As shown, the transmission crank arm 15 forms a 125° angle with the dead point position. The dead point position means that the transmission crank arm 15 and the pull rod 114 are on the same straight line, and the conductive tube 113 is in a vertical state. (2) During the closing process: the main knife operating mechanism 7 is started, and the main knife crank arm 9 drives the rotation of the operating insulator 4, which in turn drives the flange 16 to rotate clockwise, which in turn drives the transmission crank arm 15 to rotate synchronously and in the same direction. The connection point between the transmission crank arm 15 and the pull rod 114 generates lateral and longitudinal displacement. The lateral displacement of the transmission crank arm 15 refers to the displacement in the direction of the line connecting the main knife 1 and the stationary contact 2. At this time, the lateral displacement of the transmission crank arm 15 changes greatly, which in turn drives the pull rod 114 to swing and move, and finally pushes the conductive tube 1 to rotate clockwise, that is, the conductive tube 14 falls to the side of the stationary contact 2. (3) When the transmission crank arm 15 rotates to a position 10° away from the dead point, the conductive tube 14 falls to a horizontal position, completing the action of inserting the contact plate 142 into the stationary contact 2. During this process, the longitudinal displacement first increases and then decreases. Therefore, the conductive tube 14 undergoes a slight flipping process along its own axis. During this process, the conductive tube 14 rotates from the initial 28° to 30° and then to 23° in the horizontal direction. Finally, the moving contact enters the stationary contact when the conductive tube 14 is at 23° in the horizontal direction. This angle will not affect the normal entry of the moving contact. (4) When the contact plate 142 of the conductive tube 14 enters the stationary contact 2 and the second end of the conductive tube 14 contacts the second buffer block 25, the transmission crank arm 15 rotates from 10° away from the dead point position to -5° when the circuit is closed. As the transmission crank arm 15 approaches the dead point position, the lateral displacement decreases and the longitudinal displacement increases. The amplitude of the transmission crank arm 15 pushing the conductive tube 14 to continue falling by the pull rod 114 is reduced due to the lateral displacement. However, due to the limiting effect of the second buffer block 25, the deformation of the conductive tube 14 under pressure is offset by the deformation of the transmission crank arm 15, the pull rod 114 and the conductive tube 14. The longitudinal displacement is larger, and the pull rod 114 drives the conductive tube 14 to complete the flipping in the stationary contact 2, thereby realizing the reliable engagement of the main switch 1 and the stationary contact 2. (5) When the circuit breaker is tripped: the main blade operating mechanism 7 is activated, driving the main blade crank arm 9 to rotate in the opposite direction, which in turn drives the operating insulator 4 to rotate in the opposite direction, which in turn drives the transmission crank arm 15 to rotate in the opposite direction, which in turn pulls the conductive tube 14 upward through the pull rod 114, that is, the conductive tube 14 rotates counterclockwise; during the upward movement of the conductive tube 14, the contact plate 142 moves from the state of contact with the contact finger 26 to the state of separation from the contact finger 26. At this time, under the action of the arc-inducing spring 225, the arc-inducing rod 221 and the arc-inducing ball 143 at the second end of the conductive tube 14 still maintain contact, which plays the role of transferring current; when the circuit breaker is tripped, the conductive tube 14 is in a vertical state. (6) When grounding is required: the grounding knife operating mechanism 8 drives the grounding knife crank arm 10 to rotate, which in turn drives the vertical extension and retraction of the grounding knife 6.When the grounding switch 6 on the main switch 1 side is fully extended, it contacts the grounding contact 112 on the main switch 1 to achieve grounding on the main switch 1 side; when the grounding switch 6 on the stationary contact 2 side is fully extended, it contacts the grounding contact 112 on the stationary contact 2 to achieve grounding on the stationary contact 2 side.

[0033] The disconnecting switch unit and the flip-type double-column vertical disconnecting switch of the present invention are composed of three-phase disconnecting switch units, which are arranged in parallel and operate synchronously. For the main switch 1, the conductive tube 14 is rotated by the transmission crank arm 15 and the pull rod 114. The main switch 1 is designed to rotate and flip at a super right angle of 91°-93°, which ensures accurate opening and closing and creates a pure vertical break. Compared with conventional double-column horizontal rotary disconnecting switches and single-column vertical telescopic disconnecting switches, the insulation distance is larger, but the overall space occupied is smaller.

Claims

1. A disconnecting switch unit, comprising a main switch, a stationary contact, an operating insulator, a disconnecting switch base, and a grounding switch, characterized in that, The disconnector base is fixed with a first post insulator, a second post insulator, a main switch operating mechanism, and a grounding switch operating mechanism. The main switch includes a main switch frame, a transmission crank arm, a pull rod, a conductive tube, and a flexible connector. The main switch frame is fixedly connected to the first post insulator. The first end of the main switch frame has a terminal block. The first end of the transmission crank arm is rotatably connected to the main switch frame. The first end of the conductive tube is rotatably mounted with a conductive tube base. The conductive tube base is rotatably connected to the second end of the main switch frame. The first end of the pull rod is hinged to the second end of the transmission crank arm, and the second end of the pull rod is hinged to the first end of the conductive tube. The second end of the conductive tube has a contact plate. The flexible connector is telescopic. The first end of the flexible connector is fixedly connected to the main switch frame, and the second end of the flexible connector is fixedly connected to the conductive tube base. The main switch frame and the conductive tube base are electrically connected. The stationary contact is fixed to the top of the second post insulator. The operating insulator and the grounding switch are rotatably mounted on the disconnector base. The main switch operating mechanism is connected to the operating insulator through the main switch transmission assembly, which transmits the rotational motion of the main switch operating mechanism to the operating insulator. The grounding switch operating mechanism is connected to the grounding switch through the grounding switch transmission assembly, which transmits the rotational motion of the grounding switch operating mechanism to the grounding switch, causing the grounding switch to extend and retract vertically. The transmission crank arm of the main switch is fixedly connected to the operating insulator. When the operating insulator drives the transmission crank arm to rotate, the conductive tube is pushed and pulled by the pull rod, causing the conductive tube to rotate. When the contact plate on the conductive tube contacts the contact finger on the stationary contact, the circuit is closed. The main switch and the stationary contact have grounding contacts for contacting the corresponding grounding switches. A spring sleeve is provided between the conductive tube base and the main switch frame. The spring sleeve extends under external tension and returns to its original shape after the external tension is removed. The first end of the spring sleeve is hinged to the main switch frame, and the second end of the spring sleeve is hinged to the conductive tube base.

2. The disconnecting switch unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main switch frame also includes angle aluminum and conductive base. The angle aluminum consists of two parallel pieces. The first end of the angle aluminum is fixedly connected to the terminal block, and the second end of the angle aluminum is fixedly connected to the conductive base.

3. The disconnecting switch unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible connector includes a fixing plate, a clamping plate, steel sheets, and aluminum sheets. There are two fixing plates and two steel sheets located between the two fixing plates. The aluminum sheets are several sheets disposed between the two steel sheets. Two clamping plates are fixed on the fixing plates. The ends of the aluminum sheets and steel sheets extend into the clamping plates on the corresponding sides and are fixedly connected to the clamping plates.

4. The disconnecting switch unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the conductive tube base has watch strap fingers, and the first end of the conductive tube has a conductive cylinder. The conductive cylinder extends into the inner side of the conductive tube base and is rotatably connected to the conductive tube base, and the conductive cylinder is in contact with the inner wall of the watch strap fingers.

5. The disconnector unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first end of the transmission crank arm has a flange for fixed connection with the top of the operating insulator.

6. The disconnecting switch unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two grounding switches and two grounding switch operating mechanisms. The first grounding switch and grounding switch operating mechanism is located on the side where the main switch is located, and the second grounding switch and grounding switch operating mechanism is located on the side where the stationary contact is located.

7. The disconnector unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The conductive base has a first buffer block, which limits and buffers the swing of the conductive tube when it contacts the conductive tube base; the stationary contact has a second buffer block, which limits and buffers the swing of the conductive tube when it contacts the conductive tube.

8. The disconnecting switch unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stationary contact includes a stationary contact base, contact fingers, and an arc-initiating device. The stationary contact base is fixedly connected to the second post insulator. The contact fingers are in two sets and fixedly connected to the stationary contact base. The arc-initiating device includes an arc-initiating rod and an arc-initiating bracket. The arc-initiating bracket is fixedly connected to the stationary contact base. The lower end of the arc-initiating rod is hinged to the arc-initiating bracket. An arc-initiating spring is located between the bottom of the arc-initiating rod and the arc-initiating bracket. When the arc-initiating spring is at its natural length, the arc-initiating rod is in a vertical state.

9. A reversible double-column vertical disconnecting switch comprising the disconnecting switch unit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The disconnecting switch unit has three phases arranged in parallel.

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