A field crop precision fertilization irrigation system and an irrigation method thereof

Abstract

This invention belongs to the technical field of farmland irrigation technology, and particularly relates to an irrigation system and method for precision fertilization and irrigation of field crops. The system includes steel cable track assemblies positioned along the edges of the farmland. Moving components are movably mounted on the steel cable track assemblies, and a spraying component is positioned between two moving components. A cable is threaded between the two moving components, and the moving components are driven by the cable. The spraying component is fixed to the cable. The moving components allow the spraying component to move horizontally above the farmland. A supply base assembly is also provided, located at any corner of the farmland. The supply base assembly stores water, fertilizer, and electricity. When connected to the spraying component, the supply base assembly replenishes the spraying component with water, fertilizer, and electricity. The invention also includes a method for using the system. This invention eliminates the need for pipelines in the field, does not interfere with the operation of other agricultural machinery, and can further achieve unmanned operation through automation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of farmland irrigation technology, and particularly relates to an irrigation system and method for precision fertilization and irrigation of field crops. Background Technology

[0002] Field crops refer to crops grown on large tracts of land, such as wheat, rice, soybeans, sorghum, corn, cotton, and pasture. In order for field crops to grow more vigorously, appropriate irrigation devices are needed to irrigate them.

[0003] Existing irrigation methods typically include furrow irrigation, flood irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and drip irrigation. When using mechanical equipment for sprinkler or drip irrigation, pipelines need to be laid between crops to ensure that a large area of ​​land can be covered during irrigation. However, such irrigation equipment has problems such as uneven irrigation, easy wear and tear on pipelines, and the inability to automatically adjust the irrigation level of each crop, which affects the irrigation effect and crop growth. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an irrigation system and method for precision fertilization and irrigation of field crops to solve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an irrigation system and method for precision fertilization and irrigation of field crops to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0006] An irrigation system for precision fertilization and irrigation of field crops includes:

[0007] A steel cable track assembly is set on both sides of the farmland. A moving component is movably mounted on the steel cable track assembly. A spraying component is set between two moving components. A cable is sleeved between two moving components. The moving component and the cable are driven together. The spraying component is fixed on the cable. The moving component is used to move the spraying component in the horizontal plane above the farmland.

[0008] A supply base station component is also provided, located in any corner of the farmland. The supply base station component is used to store water, fertilizer and electricity. When the supply base station component is connected to the spraying component, the supply base station component is used to supplement the spraying component with water, fertilizer and electricity.

[0009] Optionally, the cable track assembly includes:

[0010] Two upright posts are fixed at both ends on the same side of the farmland;

[0011] Steel cables are laid between the two aforementioned uprights;

[0012] A fixed end of a winch is fixedly connected to one side of each of the uprights;

[0013] Each of the uprights is rotatably connected to a first guide wheel at its top;

[0014] On the same pole, a first tensioning section is provided between the winch and the first guide wheel;

[0015] One end of the steel cable is fixedly connected to the movable end of one of the winches, and the other end of the steel cable passes through the corresponding first tensioning part and the first guide wheel and is fixedly connected to the movable end of the winch of the other steel cable track assembly.

[0016] Optionally, the first tensioning part includes a telescopic rod, the fixed end of which is fixedly connected to the upright, and the movable end of which is rotatably connected to a second guide wheel, and the steel cable is wound around the second guide wheel.

[0017] Optionally, the moving component includes:

[0018] Support plate;

[0019] A spraying component drive unit is mounted on the support plate;

[0020] A moving part of the steel cable is located above the support plate. The moving part of the steel cable is connected to the steel cable. The moving part of the steel cable and the support plate are connected and fixed by a second connecting rod. The moving part of the steel cable is used to carry the driving part of the spraying assembly to move on the steel cable.

[0021] Optionally, the moving part of the steel cable includes:

[0022] Mounting block, with steel cable guide wheels rotatably engaged at both ends, the steel cable guide wheels being wound around the top of the steel cable;

[0023] The lifting plate is elastically slidably fitted under the mounting block;

[0024] The motor is fixed at its fixed end to the lifting plate, and the output shaft of the motor is connected to a first drive wheel, which is wound around the bottom of the steel cable.

[0025] Optionally, two sliding rods are fixedly connected to the top of the lifting plate, and the sliding rods are in sliding cooperation with the lifting plate. A first compression spring is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod. The top end of the first compression spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting block, and the bottom end of the first compression spring is fixedly connected to the lifting plate.

[0026] Optionally, the spraying assembly drive unit includes:

[0027] A servo motor has its fixed end fixed to the support plate, and the output shaft of the servo motor is connected to a second drive wheel.

[0028] Two tensioning wheels are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second drive wheel. One end of the tensioning rod is rotatably connected to each tensioning wheel, and the middle part of the tensioning rod is rotatably engaged with the second connecting rod.

[0029] The two ends of a second compression spring are fixed between the ends of the two tensioning rods away from the tensioning wheel;

[0030] One end of the cable is sleeved on the outside of the second drive wheel and the two tensioning wheels.

[0031] Optionally, the spraying assembly includes:

[0032] The steel cable clamps are used to hold and fix the cable to the cable.

[0033] The first connecting rod is fixed at one end to the steel cable clamp;

[0034] A support plate is fixed to the other end of the first connecting rod;

[0035] The water tank is fixedly attached to the support plate;

[0036] The water tank has a docking groove on one side for docking with the liquid outlet of the supply base station component. One end of a magnetic suction plate is fixed in the docking groove, and the magnetic suction plate has a communication hole that communicates with the inside of the water tank.

[0037] The bottom of the water tank is connected to an atomizing nozzle, which is fixed to the support plate, and the liquid outlet end of the atomizing nozzle passes through the support plate.

[0038] Optionally, the supply base station component includes:

[0039] Several water storage tanks and peristaltic pumps are arranged side by side. The outlet ends of the water storage tanks and peristaltic pumps are connected to docking ports through connecting pipes. The docking ports are provided with outlets matching the number of water storage tanks and peristaltic pumps. The docking ports are inserted into the docking grooves and are magnetically attracted to the magnetic suction plate. The connecting holes opened on the magnetic suction plate correspond one-to-one with the outlets opened on the docking ports.

[0040] The docking port is fixed to one side of the farmland by a column.

[0041] An irrigation method for a precision fertilization and irrigation system for field crops, using the aforementioned precision fertilization and irrigation system for field crops, includes the following steps:

[0042] The steel cable track assembly was erected on both sides of the farmland;

[0043] The movable component is mounted on the steel cable track assembly;

[0044] A cable is threaded between the two moving components, wherein the direction of extension of the cable is spatially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the moving components.

[0045] The farmland is divided into zones, and sensors for detecting soil moisture are installed in each zone;

[0046] Obtain humidity data for each area within the farmland and generate area coordinates;

[0047] The spraying component is moved to the designated area coordinates by the moving component.

[0048] Adjust the water spray volume based on the humidity data of the aforementioned area coordinates;

[0049] When the spraying assembly lacks water and fertilizer solution and electrical energy, it is replenished by moving to the supply base station assembly.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0051] Compared to traditional methods such as flood irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and drip irrigation, this device does not require the installation of pipelines in the field, does not interfere with the operation of other agricultural machinery in the field, and does not cause concerns about pipeline wear and tear. At the same time, compared to the method of spraying fertilizer and pesticides by drones, it does not require professional drone operators, reducing the difficulty of use. By setting up automated programs, it can further achieve unmanned operation. Attached Figure Description

[0052] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0053] Figure 1 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the steel cable track assembly structure of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the steel cable track assembly and the moving assembly of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 This is an isometric view of the moving component of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 This is an isometric view of the spraying component of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the spraying component of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 7 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the base station component structure;

[0060] The components include: 1. Farmland; 2. Steel cable track assembly; 3. Spraying assembly; 4. Supply base station assembly; 5. Mobile assembly; 201. Pole; 202. Winch; 203. Telescopic pole; 204. First guide wheel; 205. Second guide wheel; 206. Steel cable; 301. Steel cable clamp; 302. First connecting rod; 303. Water tank; 304. Support plate; 305. Connecting groove; 306. Magnetic suction plate; 307. Atomizing nozzle; 401. Column. 402. Water storage tank and peristaltic pump; 403. Connecting pipe; 404. Connecting port; 501. Mounting block; 502. Steel cable guide wheel; 503. Motor; 504. First drive wheel; 505. Slide rod; 506. First compression spring; 507. Second connecting rod; 508. Support plate; 509. Servo motor; 510. Second drive wheel; 511. Tensioning wheel; 512. Tensioning rod; 513. Second compression spring; 514. Lifting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0063] Reference Figures 1 to 7 This invention discloses an irrigation system for precision fertilization and irrigation of field crops, comprising:

[0064] A steel cable track assembly 2 is set on both sides of the farmland 1. A moving assembly 5 is movably set on the steel cable track assembly 2. A spraying assembly 3 is set between the two moving assemblies 5. A cable is sleeved between the two moving assemblies 5. The moving assembly 5 is driven by the cable. The spraying assembly 3 is fixed on the cable. The moving assembly 5 is used to move the spraying assembly 3 in the horizontal plane above the farmland 1.

[0065] A supply base station component 4 is also provided, located in any corner of the farmland 1. The supply base station component 4 is used to store water, fertilizer and electricity. When the supply base station component 4 is connected to the spraying component 3, the supply base station component 4 is used to supplement the spraying component 3 with water, fertilizer and electricity.

[0066] In use, steel cable track assemblies 2 are erected on both sides of farmland 1, and movable components 5 are installed on the steel cable track assemblies 2. The movable components 5 can move along the extension direction of the steel cable track assemblies 2. At the same time, a cable is looped between the two movable components 5. The movable components 5 move the cable, and the spraying component 3 is fixed to the cable. The extension direction of the cable is spatially perpendicular to the movement direction of the movable components 5. Through the above configuration, the spraying component 3 can move freely on the horizontal plane at a specified height above farmland 1. Thus, by moving it to different positions above farmland 1, irrigation of any area can be achieved. By dividing the area of ​​farmland 1... Each area is equipped with sensors to detect soil moisture, thereby acquiring moisture data for each area within the farmland 1 and generating coordinates for each area. The spraying component 3 is moved to the designated coordinates via the moving component 5, and the spraying volume can be adjusted in a timely manner based on the soil moisture data of that area, thus ensuring uniform soil moisture within the farmland 1. The spraying volume for each area can also be customized according to the differences in crop growth status, and timed and automatic irrigation can be achieved, improving the degree of automation. When the spraying component 3 lacks water and fertilizer solution and power, it can be moved to the supply base station component 4 for replenishment, enabling continuous operation.

[0067] Compared to traditional methods such as flood irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and drip irrigation, this device does not require the installation of pipelines in the field, does not interfere with the operation of other agricultural machinery in the farmland, and does not cause concerns about pipeline wear and tear. At the same time, compared to the method of spraying fertilizer and pesticides by drones, it does not require professional drone operators, reducing the difficulty of use. By setting up automated programs, it can further achieve unmanned operation.

[0068] As an optional implementation, the cable track assembly 2 includes:

[0069] Two uprights 201 are fixed at both ends on the same side of farmland 1;

[0070] Steel cable 206 is laid between two uprights 201;

[0071] Each pole 201 has a fixed end of a winch 202 fixedly connected to one side;

[0072] The top of each upright 201 is rotatably connected to a first guide wheel 204;

[0073] On the same pole 201, a first tensioning section is provided between the winch 202 and the first guide wheel 204;

[0074] One end of the steel cable 206 is fixedly connected to the movable end of one of the winches 202, and the other end of the steel cable 206 passes through the corresponding first tensioning part and first guide wheel 204 and is fixedly connected to the movable end of the winch 202 of another steel cable track assembly 2.

[0075] As an optional implementation, the first tensioning part includes a telescopic rod 203, the fixed end of which is fixedly connected to the upright 201, and the movable end of the telescopic rod 203 is rotatably connected to a second guide wheel 205, and a steel cable 206 is wound around the second guide wheel 205.

[0076] In use, two steel cable track assemblies 2 are erected on one side of farmland 1. The uprights 201 of the steel cable track assembly 2 serve as supports and fixation. The two uprights 201 are used to erect the steel cable 206. The winch 202 installed on the uprights 201 is connected to one end of the steel cable 206. The release length of the steel cable 206 can be adjusted by the winch 202 to meet the needs of farmland 1 of different lengths. In addition, when the steel cable 206 is too long, it will sag in the middle due to gravity. At this time, the length of the steel cable 206 can be shortened by the winch 202 to alleviate the sag in the middle of the steel cable 206.

[0077] Furthermore, by setting a telescopic rod 203 between the winch 202 and the first guide wheel 204, the telescopic rod 203 can change its horizontal length and push the second guide wheel 205 closer to or away from the pole 201. The second guide wheel 205 contacts the steel cable 206. By moving the second guide wheel 205 away from the pole 201, the steel cable 206 can be stretched and tensioned.

[0078] As an optional implementation, the moving component 5 includes:

[0079] Support plate 508;

[0080] The spraying component drive unit is mounted on the support plate 508;

[0081] The moving part of the steel cable is located above the support plate 508. The moving part of the steel cable is connected to the steel cable 206. The moving part of the steel cable is connected and fixed to the support plate 508 by the second connecting rod 507. The moving part of the steel cable is used to carry the spraying component drive part to move on the steel cable 206.

[0082] As an optional implementation, the steel cable moving part includes:

[0083] Mounting block 501, with both ends of mounting block 501 rotating to engage with steel cable guide wheels 502, which are wound around the top of steel cable 206;

[0084] The lifting plate 514 is elastically slidably fitted below the mounting block 501;

[0085] The motor 503 is fixed at its fixed end on the lifting plate 514. The output shaft of the motor 503 is connected to the first drive wheel 504, which is wound around the bottom of the steel cable 206.

[0086] In use, the steel cable guide wheel 502 is first placed above the steel cable 206. The lifting plate 514 and the mounting block 501 are elastically slidably engaged to make the first drive wheel 504 in close contact with the bottom of the steel cable 206. At this time, the two steel cable guide wheels 502 and the first drive wheel 504 cooperate to clamp the steel cable 206 in the middle. The two steel cable guide wheels 502 and the first drive wheel 504 are arranged in a triangular layout. The first drive wheel 504 is set between the two steel cable guide wheels 502. The first drive wheel 504 is close to the bottom of the steel cable 206, so that friction is formed between the steel cable 206 and the first drive wheel 504. The first drive wheel 504 is driven to rotate by the motor 503, so that the moving component 5 can move on the steel cable 206.

[0087] As an optional implementation, two slide rods 505 are fixedly connected to the top of the lifting plate 514. The slide rods 505 are in sliding engagement. A first compression spring 506 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the slide rods 505. The top end of the first compression spring 506 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting block 501, and the bottom end of the first compression spring 506 is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 514.

[0088] In use, by tensioning the first compression spring 506, the lifting plate 514 and the mounting block 501 are moved away from each other. After being hung on the steel cable 206, the first compression spring 506 returns to its initial state so that the first drive wheel 504 and the steel cable guide wheel 502 can hold the steel cable 206.

[0089] Under the action of the first compression spring 506, the first drive wheel 504 is always in contact with the steel cable 206.

[0090] As an optional implementation, the spraying assembly drive unit includes:

[0091] The servo motor 509 has its fixed end fixedly connected to the support plate 508, and the output shaft of the servo motor 509 is connected to the second drive wheel 510.

[0092] Two tensioning wheels 511 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second drive wheel 510. One end of the tensioning rod 512 is rotatably connected to the tensioning wheel 511, and the middle part of the tensioning rod 512 is rotatably engaged with the second connecting rod 507.

[0093] The two ends of a second compression spring 513 are fixed between the ends of the two tensioning rods 512 away from the tensioning wheel 511;

[0094] One end of the cable is fitted around the outside of the second drive wheel 510 and the two tensioning wheels 511.

[0095] In use, the cable is looped between the second drive wheel 510 and the tension wheel 511 of the two moving components 5. The second compression spring 513 between the two tensioning rods 512 makes the two tensioning wheels 511 always move away from the second drive wheel 510, thereby achieving the tensioning effect on the cable.

[0096] When the servo motor 509 drives the second drive wheel 510 to rotate, the second drive wheel 510 contacts the cable. By controlling the two servo motors 509 to rotate forward or reverse in coordination, the cable is moved, which in turn drives the spraying assembly 3 to move above the farmland 1.

[0097] As an optional implementation, the spraying component 3 includes:

[0098] The steel cable clamp 301 is used to clamp and fix the cable.

[0099] The first connecting rod 302 is fixed at one end to the steel cable clamp 301;

[0100] The support plate 304 is fixed to the other end of the first connecting rod 302;

[0101] Water tank 303 is fixedly connected to support plate 304;

[0102] A docking groove 305 is provided on one side of the water tank 303 for docking with the liquid outlet of the supply base station component 4. One end of a magnetic suction plate 306 is fixed in the docking groove 305. A connecting hole is provided on the magnetic suction plate 306 to communicate with the inside of the water tank 303.

[0103] The bottom of the water tank 303 is connected to an atomizing nozzle 307, which is fixed on the support plate 304. The liquid outlet end of the atomizing nozzle 307 passes through the support plate 304.

[0104] Furthermore, the support plate 304 is also fixed with a battery (not shown in the battery diagram) and an air pump (not shown in the air pump diagram). The air pump's outlet is connected to the inside of the water tank 303, which is used to spray the solution in the water tank 303 out through the atomizing nozzle 307.

[0105] The battery connection contacts are located in the docking groove 305. After the docking groove 305 is docked with the liquid outlet end of the supply base station component 4, it is connected to the metal contacts located at the liquid outlet end of the supply base station component 4 to realize the charging function.

[0106] As an optional implementation, the base station component 4 includes:

[0107] Several water storage tanks and peristaltic pumps 402 are arranged side by side. The outlet ends of the water storage tanks and peristaltic pumps 402 are connected to docking ports 404 through connecting pipes 403. The docking ports 404 are provided with outlets matching the number of water storage tanks and peristaltic pumps 402. The docking ports 404 are inserted into docking grooves 305 and magnetically attracted to magnetic plates 306. The connecting holes on magnetic plates 306 correspond one-to-one with the outlets on docking ports 404.

[0108] The connecting port 404 is fixed to one side of farmland 1 by the column 401.

[0109] This embodiment includes four water storage tanks and a peristaltic pump 402.

[0110] In use, water, nitrogen fertilizer solution, phosphate fertilizer solution, and potassium fertilizer solution are filled into each water storage tank and peristaltic pump 402 respectively. When the spraying component 3 moves to the supply base station component 4 for replenishment, the docking port 404 is inserted into the docking groove 305 and magnetically fixed by the magnetic suction plate 306. At this time, the liquid outlet is connected to the docking port one by one. The peristaltic pump delivers a preset ratio of water, nitrogen fertilizer solution, phosphate fertilizer solution, and potassium fertilizer solution into the water tank 303 in a quantitative manner to form a water-fertilizer solution. The preset ratio can be adjusted according to different growth stages of crops. While replenishing the water-fertilizer solution into the water tank 303, the battery is charged. Metal contacts for power supply are provided on the docking port 404. These metal contacts are electrically connected to the battery. A mains power cable is provided at the supply base station component 4 to supply power to the supply base station component 4, or power is provided by connecting the supply base station component 4 to the solar power supply system.

[0111] An irrigation method for a precision fertilization and irrigation system for field crops, using the aforementioned precision fertilization and irrigation system for field crops, includes the following steps:

[0112] Steel cable track assemblies 2 were erected on both sides of farmland 1;

[0113] A movable component 5 is installed on the steel cable track assembly 2;

[0114] A cable is threaded between the two moving components 5, wherein the direction of extension of the cable is spatially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the moving components 5.

[0115] Farmland 1 was divided into zones, and sensors for detecting soil moisture were installed in each zone;

[0116] Obtain humidity data for each area within farmland 1 and generate area coordinates;

[0117] The spraying component 3 is moved to the specified area coordinates by moving component 5.

[0118] Adjust the water spray volume based on the humidity data of the area's coordinates;

[0119] When the spraying component 3 lacks water and fertilizer solution and power, it is moved to the supply base station component 4 for replenishment.

[0120] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0121] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An irrigation system for precision fertilization and irrigation of field crops, characterized in that, include: A steel cable track assembly (2) is set on both sides of the farmland (1). A moving assembly (5) is movably set on the steel cable track assembly (2). A spraying assembly (3) is set between the two moving assemblies (5). A cable is sleeved between the two moving assemblies (5). The moving assembly (5) is driven by the cable. The spraying assembly (3) is fixed on the cable. The moving assembly (5) is used to move the spraying assembly (3) in the horizontal plane above the farmland (1). A supply base station component (4) is also provided, located in any corner of the farmland (1). The supply base station component (4) is used to store water, fertilizer and electricity. When the supply base station component (4) is connected to the spraying component (3), the supply base station component (4) is used to supplement water, fertilizer and electricity to the spraying component (3). The moving component (5) includes: Support plate (508); The spraying component drive unit is disposed on the support plate (508); The moving part of the steel cable is located above the support plate (508). The moving part of the steel cable is connected to the steel cable (206). The moving part of the steel cable is connected and fixed to the support plate (508) by a second connecting rod (507). The moving part of the steel cable is used to carry the driving part of the spraying component to move on the steel cable (206). The moving part of the steel cable includes: Mounting block (501), with two ends of mounting block (501) rotatably engaged with steel cable guide wheels (502), the steel cable guide wheels (502) being wound around the steel cable (206); The lifting plate (514) is elastically slidably fitted below the mounting block (501); The motor (503) has its fixed end fixed on the lifting plate (514). The output shaft of the motor (503) is connected to the first drive wheel (504), which is wound around the bottom of the steel cable (206). The spraying assembly drive unit includes: A servo motor (509) has its fixed end fixed to the support plate (508), and the output shaft of the servo motor (509) is connected to a second drive wheel (510). Two tensioning wheels (511) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second drive wheel (510). The tensioning wheel (511) is rotatably connected to one end of the tensioning rod (512). The middle part of the tensioning rod (512) is rotatably engaged with the second connecting rod (507). The two ends of a second compression spring (513) are fixed between the ends of the two tensioning rods (512) away from the tensioning wheel (511); One end of the cable is sleeved on the outside of the second drive wheel (510) and the two tensioning wheels (511); The spraying assembly (3) includes: The steel cable clamp (301) clamps and fixes the cable to the cable; The first connecting rod (302) is fixed at one end to the steel cable clamp (301); The support plate (304) is fixed to the other end of the first connecting rod (302); The water tank (303) is fixedly connected to the support plate (304); The water tank (303) has a docking groove (305) on one side for docking with the liquid outlet of the supply base station component (4). One end of a magnetic suction plate (306) is fixed in the docking groove (305). The magnetic suction plate (306) has a communication hole that communicates with the inside of the water tank (303). The bottom of the water tank (303) is connected to an atomizing nozzle (307), which is fixed on the support plate (304). The liquid outlet end of the atomizing nozzle (307) passes through the support plate (304).

2. The irrigation system for precision fertilization and irrigation of field crops according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel cable track assembly (2) includes: Two uprights (201) are fixed at both ends on the same side of the farmland (1); A steel cable (206) is laid between the two uprights (201); A fixed end of a winch (202) is fixedly connected to one side of each of the poles (201); The top of each of the uprights (201) is rotatably connected to a first guide wheel (204). On the same pole (201), a first tensioning section is provided between the winch (202) and the first guide wheel (204); One end of the steel cable (206) is fixedly connected to the movable end of one of the winches (202), and the other end of the steel cable (206) passes through the corresponding first tensioning part and the first guide wheel (204) and is fixedly connected to the movable end of the winch (202) of the other steel cable track assembly (2).

3. The irrigation system for precision fertilization and irrigation of field crops according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first tensioning part includes a telescopic rod (203), the fixed end of which is fixedly connected to the upright (201), and the movable end of which is rotatably connected to a second guide wheel (205), and the steel cable (206) is wound around the second guide wheel (205).

4. The irrigation system for precision fertilization and irrigation of field crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the lifting plate (514) is fixedly connected to two slide rods (505), which slide in cooperation with the sliding plate (505). A first compression spring (506) is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the slide rod (505). The top end of the first compression spring (506) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting block (501), and the bottom end of the first compression spring (506) is fixedly connected to the lifting plate (514).

5. The irrigation system for precision fertilization and irrigation of field crops according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supply base station component (4) includes: A number of water storage tanks and peristaltic pumps (402) are arranged side by side. The outlet of the water storage tanks and peristaltic pumps (402) is connected to a docking port (404) through a connecting pipe (403). The docking port (404) is provided with an outlet matching the number of water storage tanks and peristaltic pumps (402). The docking port (404) is inserted into the docking groove (305), and the docking port (404) is magnetically attracted to the magnetic suction plate (306). The connecting holes opened on the magnetic suction plate (306) correspond one-to-one with the outlets opened on the docking port (404). The docking port (404) is fixed to one side of the farmland (1) by a column (401).

6. An irrigation method for a precision fertilization and irrigation system for field crops, using the precision fertilization and irrigation system for field crops as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The steel cable track assembly (2) is erected on both sides of the farmland (1); The movable component (5) is installed on the steel cable track assembly (2); A cable is threaded between the two moving components (5), wherein the direction of extension of the cable is spatially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the moving components (5); The farmland (1) is divided into zones, and sensors for detecting soil moisture are installed in each zone; Obtain humidity data for each area within the farmland (1) and form area coordinates; The spraying component (3) is moved to the specified area coordinates by the moving component (5). Adjust the water spray volume based on the humidity data of the aforementioned area coordinates; When the spraying component (3) lacks water and fertilizer solution and electrical energy, it is replenished by moving to the supply base station component (4).

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