A straightness measuring device for tower fabrication

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of tower measurement technology, specifically to a straightness measuring device for tower processing, comprising a fixed support, a laser emitter, a moving track, a moving refraction component, and a vision processing component. The fixed support is used to fix the tower; the laser emitter is mounted on the fixed support and is used to emit a main reference laser beam; the moving track is movably connected between the two ends of the fixed support; the moving refraction component is set on the moving track and converts the main reference laser beam incident on it into a ring beam; the vision processing component includes a wide-angle lens and an image processing module. The wide-angle lens captures the projected light ring, and the image processing module extracts pixels to calculate the centroid coordinates. Finally, the multiple centroid coordinates obtained in the axial direction are fitted and compared with the main reference laser to obtain an accurate straightness deviation. This solves the problem that the middle part of the tower is curved while the deviation at both ends is small, which means that comparing only the deviation value at the endpoint cannot effectively feed back the straightness error.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tower measurement, and particularly relates to a straightness measuring device for tower processing. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a large vertical container, if the tower body is bent, it will cause uneven stress distribution under its own weight and cause the ability to resist external load to decrease, increasing the risk of collapse. Therefore, in order to ensure the structural stability of the tower body after installation, the straightness needs to be measured during the processing of the tower body to ensure that the straightness does not exceed the tolerance.

[0003] At present, most production plants use the steel wire method to measure the straightness of the tower. Although the steel wire method is low in cost, it has a large error, and the sag caused by the weight of the steel wire needs to be theoretically calculated and corrected before a relatively accurate straightness deviation can be obtained. In order to improve the measurement accuracy and ensure that the straightness does not exceed the tolerance, the prior art proposes to use a laser detection device to measure. The laser emitter is fixed at one end of the measurement path, and then the PSD receiver is placed on different measurement points on the measured tower body in turn. The PSD receiver will generate different photoelectric currents according to the spot position, and the offset of the spot center relative to the center of the PSD receiver is calculated by processing these current signals.

[0004] Compared with the steel wire method, the laser measurement method will greatly improve the measurement accuracy. However, whether it is the laser measurement method in the prior art or the steel wire method, the core scheme is to manually establish a measurement reference, which needs to be absolutely parallel or collinear with the ideal central axis of the tower. At this time, the result fed back by the laser measurement is only the error between the line connecting the centers of the two ends of the tower and the laser beam. However, in actual operation, because the tower itself has roundness error and local unevenness, when the error between the line connecting the centers of the two ends and the laser beam is small and the error in the middle part is large (i.e. the tower is bent in the middle part), the comparison of the end deviation value cannot effectively feedback, resulting in inaccurate straightness measurement results.

[0005] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the above technical problems, the present application designs a straightness measuring device for tower processing. SUMMARY

[0006] The application provides a straightness measuring device for tower processing, solves the problem that the straightness error cannot be effectively fed back by only comparing the terminal deviation value due to the fact that the middle part of the tower is bent and the deviation of both ends is small, the main reference laser emitted by the laser emitter is converted into a light ring projected on the inner wall of the tower through a conical lens and a negative lens, then the projected light ring is captured by using a wide-angle lens and the centroid coordinates are calculated by extracting the pixel points through an image processing module, and finally the multiple centroid coordinates obtained in the axial direction are fitted and compared with the main reference laser to obtain the accurate straightness deviation.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the application provides the following technical scheme.

[0008] The straightness measuring device for tower processing comprises a fixed support, a laser emitter, a moving track, a moving refraction assembly and a visual processing assembly; the fixed support is used for fixing the tower; the laser emitter is installed on the fixed support and is used for emitting a main reference laser; the moving track is movably connected between both ends of the fixed support; the moving refraction assembly is arranged on the moving track and is used for converting the main reference laser incident thereon into a ring-shaped light beam; and the visual processing assembly is connected with the moving refraction assembly and is used for capturing a light ring image formed by the ring-shaped light beam and calculating the geometric center of the light ring image.

[0009] Preferably, the fixed support comprises a fixed frame and a mounting frame; the fixed frame is used for fixing the tower and is in a Y-shaped structure; the mounting frame comprises a guide rail end and an adjusting end; the guide rail end is connected with the fixed frame; the adjusting end is connected with the guide rail end through bolts; and the laser emitter is installed at the midpoint position of the end face of the adjusting end.

[0010] In the above scheme, the height of the adjusting end is changed, the laser emitter is installed at the center position of the adjusting end, the laser emitter is aligned with the center position of the bottom of the tower, and the fixed frame in the Y-shaped structure can adapt to towers of different diameter specifications by changing the height, thereby improving the practicality and economy of the straightness measuring device.

[0011] Preferably, the moving refraction assembly comprises a guide wheel, a driving motor and a conical lens; the guide wheel is installed in the moving track; the driving motor is connected with the guide wheel through a gear transmission mode and is used for driving the guide wheel to rotate; and the conical lens is used for converting the main reference laser into a ring-shaped light beam.

[0012] In the above scheme, the guide wheel is driven by the motor to move directionally in the moving track, so that the conical lens and the visual processing assembly can move along the moving track as the reference path, the laser beam is emitted from the bottom plane of the conical lens, the light rays interfere at the near-field position (less than the maximum forming distance of the Bessel beam) to form the Bessel beam (bright center + multiple rings), and the light rays cross to form a geometric ring-shaped beam area at the far-field position (greater than the maximum forming distance of the Bessel beam), thereby providing original signals for subsequent light ring image capture and geometric center calculation.

[0013] Preferably, the visual processing assembly comprises a wide-angle lens, a connecting bracket and an image processing module; the wide-angle lens is fixedly connected to the moving refraction assembly through the connecting bracket and is used for capturing the light ring image; and the image processing module is used for receiving the light ring image from the wide-angle lens in real time, extracting the pixel point set of the light ring through the brightness threshold, fitting or discrete integration to obtain the centroid coordinates through the pixel point set, and comparing the centroid coordinates with the coordinates of the reference point generated by the straight line passing through the cross section of the light ring image to determine the straightness deviation.

[0014] In the above scheme, the wide-angle lens can directly capture the light ring formed in front, the image processing module processes the captured light ring through software, filters out the background through high brightness contrast, and then accurately extracts the pixel points constituting the light ring contour, so that the center coordinates can be finally fitted through the pixel points, or the cross-sectional centroid can be calculated through discrete integration, and the arithmetic mean of the horizontal coordinates and the vertical coordinates of all pixel points is the horizontal coordinates and the vertical coordinates of the centroid, and the distance between the centroid coordinates and the reference center passed through by the main reference laser is the deviation value of the cross section position of the light ring image, and N centroids are calculated during the movement, and the obtained centroid coordinates are fitted and compared with the straight line of the main reference laser, so that the accurate measurement result can be obtained.

[0015] Preferably, the center point of the conical lens and the optical center of the wide-angle lens are located on the central axis of the laser emitter, and the central axis of the laser emitter is parallel to the moving track.

[0016] In the above scheme, the main reference laser emitted by the laser emitter is used as an ideal reference, and the conical lens and the wide-angle lens need to move on the moving track, so it is necessary to ensure that the central axis of the laser emitter is parallel to the moving track, so as to ensure that the internal reference system is accurate when comparing the light ring center with the ideal reference, and to strictly limit the measurement error source to the bending of the tower.

[0017] Preferably, the moving refraction assembly further comprises a negative lens; and the negative lens is coaxially arranged between the conical lens and the wide-angle lens.

[0018] In the scheme, the main reference laser will be converted into a ring-shaped light beam with a small divergence angle after passing through the conical lens. In order to ensure that the ring-shaped light beam can be projected onto the inner wall of the tower within a short distance, the divergence angle needs to be increased. By setting a negative lens, the divergence angle of the ring-shaped light beam can be enlarged twice after passing through the negative lens under the divergence of the negative lens. Compared with manufacturing a conical lens with a large cone angle to increase the divergence angle, the use of the negative lens can reduce the manufacturing difficulty and cost. By adjusting the distance between the conical lens and the negative lens, the exit angle suitable for different tower diameters can be adjusted, and the flexibility of the measuring device is improved.

[0019] Preferably, the connecting bracket comprises three thin steel rods; the three thin steel rods are connected in a circumferential array between the wide-angle lens and the negative lens.

[0020] In the scheme, the wide-angle lens and the negative lens are connected by the structure of the three thin steel rods, so that an open space is formed between the two, ensuring that the refracted ring-shaped light beam can pass through the gap between the thin steel rods, effectively reducing the shielding range, ensuring the integrity of the light ring formed on the inner wall of the tower, and improving the accuracy of the straightness error measurement. In addition, in order to further eliminate the influence caused by the shielding of the thin steel rods, the tower can be rotated by a certain angle and then measured again. At this time, the shadow generated will reach different positions. By splicing the cross-sectional pixel points obtained in the first time and the cross-sectional pixel points obtained in the second time, a complete data without dead angle can be obtained. By calculating the cross-sectional centroid coordinates again based on the complete data, the accuracy of the measurement result can be further improved.

[0021] Preferably, the distance between the conical lens and the negative lens is L, the maximum interference distance of the Bessel beam generated by the conical lens is S, the distance between the wide-angle lens and the conical lens is D, and S < L < D is satisfied.

[0022] In the positional relationship, the negative lens and the wide-angle lens are outside the far field of the Bessel beam interference zone, ensuring that the negative lens can refract the light beam that has formed a light ring again, increase the divergence angle, and the wide-angle lens can effectively capture the light ring formed after the divergence again.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0024] 1. Compared with the existing tower straightness measuring device, the laser emitter emits a light beam, the light beam is converted into a ring-shaped light beam by the conical lens in the moving refraction assembly, the wide-angle lens captures the light ring image in real time and transmits the light ring image to the image processing module, the background is filtered out through high brightness contrast, the pixel points constituting the light ring contour are accurately extracted, the cross-sectional centroid coordinates are calculated by using the pixel point fitting or integration method, finally a plurality of centroid coordinates are obtained in the axial direction and compared with the straight line where the main reference laser is located, so that the straightness deviation is determined, the bending existing in the middle section of the tower is measured, and the accuracy of the straightness deviation measurement result is improved.

[0025] 2. The negative lens is coaxially arranged between the conical lens and the wide-angle lens, the effect of twice amplifying the divergence angle of the ring-shaped light beam can be achieved through the negative lens, the distance of the ring-shaped light beam projected to the inner wall of the tower is shortened, the tower with a larger diameter specification can be adapted, the cost and difficulty of manufacturing the conical lens with a large cone angle are reduced, and the outgoing angle can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the conical lens and the negative lens, so that the flexibility of the device is improved. In addition, the wide-angle lens and the negative lens are coaxially connected through the thin steel rod structure, an open space is formed through the thin steel rod structure, it is ensured that the ring-shaped light beam can pass through the gap, the shielding range is effectively reduced, the integrity of the light ring formed on the inner wall of the tower is ensured, and the precision of the straightness measurement is improved.

[0026] 3. The fixing frame and the adjustable mounting frame are in Y-shaped structure, the mounting frame is connected with the fixing frame through bolts and is provided with an adjusting end, the laser emitter mounted at the midpoint of the adjusting end can be aligned with the center position of the bottom of the tower by changing the height of the adjusting end, and the adjusting end with adjustable height and the fixing frame in Y-shaped structure can adapt to towers with different diameter specifications, so that the application range of the straightness measuring device is wider, and the practicality and economy of the measuring device are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the following specific embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 It is the connection relationship diagram of the moving refraction assembly and the visual processing assembly of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 Perspective view of the mobile refraction assembly of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 Main reference laser refraction path diagram emitted by the laser emitter of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 Main working structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 Working flowchart of the present application.

[0034] In the figure: 1, fixed support; 11, fixed frame; 12, mounting frame; 121, guide rail end; 122, adjusting end; 2, laser emitter; 3, mobile track; 4, mobile refraction assembly; 41, guide wheel; 42, drive motor; 43, conical lens; 44, negative lens; 5, visual processing assembly; 51, wide-angle lens; 52, connecting support; 521, thin steel rod; 53, image processing module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the above technical solutions will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings in the specification and specific embodiments.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 The present application provides a straightness measuring device for tower machining, and the technical scheme is as follows:

[0037] As a specific embodiment of the present application, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A straightness measuring device for tower machining, comprising a fixed support 1, a laser emitter 2, a mobile track 3, a mobile refraction assembly 4 and a visual processing assembly 5; the fixed support 1 is used to fix the tower; the laser emitter 2 is installed on the fixed support 1 and is used to emit a main reference laser beam; the mobile track 3 is movably connected between the two ends of the fixed support 1; the mobile refraction assembly 4 is arranged on the mobile track 3 and is used to convert the main reference laser beam incident thereon into a ring-shaped light beam; the visual processing assembly 5 is connected with the mobile refraction assembly 4 and is used to capture the light ring image formed by the ring-shaped light beam and calculate the geometric center of the light ring image.

[0038] As a specific embodiment of the present application, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3The fixed support 1 comprises a fixed frame 11 and a mounting frame 12; the fixed frame 11 is used for fixing the tower, and the fixed frame 11 is a Y-shaped structure; the mounting frame 12 comprises a guide rail end 121 and an adjusting end 122; the guide rail end 121 is connected with the fixed frame 11, both sides of the guide rail end 121 are slotted, the adjusting end 122 is connected with the guide rail end 121 through bolts, the bolts are loosened when adjustment is needed, and the bolts and nuts are locked through the slots formed in the guide rail end 121 when fixing is needed; the laser emitter 2 is installed at the midpoint of the end face of the adjusting end 122. By changing the height of the adjusting end 122 and installing the laser emitter 2 at the center position of the adjusting end 122, the laser emitter 2 is aligned with the center position of the bottom of the tower, and the fixed frame 11 with a Y-shaped structure can adapt to towers with different diameter specifications by changing the height, thereby improving the practicability and economy of the straightness measuring device.

[0039] As a specific embodiment of the present application, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The mobile refraction assembly 4 comprises a guide wheel 41, a driving motor 42 and a conical lens 43; the guide wheel 41 is installed in the mobile track; the driving motor 42 is connected with the guide wheel 41 through gear transmission for driving the guide wheel 41 to rotate (not described in detail here as prior art); the conical lens 43 is used for converting the main reference laser into a ring-shaped light beam. By driving the guide wheel 41 to move directionally in the mobile track 3, the conical lens 43 and the visual processing assembly 5 can move along the mobile track 3 as a reference path, at this time, the laser beam is emitted from the bottom plane of the conical lens 43, at the near-field position (less than the maximum forming distance of the Bessel light beam), the light rays interfere to form a Bessel light beam (bright center + multiple rings), and at the far-field position (greater than the maximum forming distance of the Bessel light beam), the light rays will cross to form a geometric ring-shaped light beam area, providing original signals for subsequent light ring image capture and geometric center calculation.

[0040] As a specific embodiment of the present application, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6The visual processing assembly 5 comprises a wide-angle lens 51, a connecting bracket 52 and an image processing module 53; the wide-angle lens 51 is fixedly connected with the mobile refraction assembly 4 through the connecting bracket 52 and is used for capturing a light ring image; the image processing module 53 is used for receiving the light ring image from the wide-angle lens 51 in real time, extracting a pixel point set of the light ring through a brightness threshold value, fitting or discrete integration of the pixel point set to obtain a centroid coordinate, and comparing the centroid coordinate with a coordinate of a reference point generated by a straight line where the main reference laser is located and a cross section where the light ring image is located to determine a straightness deviation. The light ring formed in front can be directly captured through the wide-angle lens 51, the image processing module 53 processes the captured light ring through software, filters out the background through high brightness contrast, and then accurately extracts pixel points constituting a light ring contour; the centroid coordinate can be finally obtained through fitting of the pixel points, or the centroid of the cross section can be calculated through discrete integration; the arithmetic mean values of the abscissa and the ordinate of all the pixel points are the abscissa and the ordinate of the centroid; at this time, the distance between the centroid coordinate and the reference center where the main reference laser passes through is the deviation value at the position of the cross section where the light ring image is located; N centroids are calculated in the movement process; after fitting of all the obtained centroid coordinates, the main reference laser is directly compared, and an accurate measurement result can be obtained; it is needed to note that the mobile refraction assembly 4 needs to be moved outside the tower at the beginning of measurement, and the first identified light ring needs to be generated at the bottom position of the tower and captured.

[0041] As a specific embodiment of the present application, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The center point of the conical lens 43 and the optical center of the wide-angle lens 51 are located on the central axis of the laser emitter 2, and the central axis of the laser emitter 2 is parallel to the mobile track 3. The main reference laser emitted by the laser emitter 2 is used as an ideal reference, and the conical lens 43 and the wide-angle lens 51 need to move on the mobile track 3, so it is needed to ensure that the central axis of the laser emitter 2 is parallel to the mobile track 3, to ensure that the internal reference system is accurate when the light ring center is compared with the ideal reference, and to strictly limit the measurement error source to the bending of the tower itself.

[0042] As a specific embodiment of the present application, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The mobile refraction assembly 4 further comprises a negative lens 44; the negative lens 44 is coaxially arranged between the conical lens 43 and the wide-angle lens 51. After passing through the conical lens 43, the main reference laser is converted into a ring-shaped light beam with a small divergence angle. In order to ensure that the ring-shaped light beam can be projected onto the inner wall of the tower within a short distance, the divergence angle needs to be increased. By arranging the negative lens 44, the divergence angle of the ring-shaped light beam can be enlarged twice after passing through the negative lens 44 under the divergence effect of the negative lens 44. Compared with increasing the divergence angle by manufacturing a conical lens 43 with a large cone angle, the use of the negative lens 44 can reduce the manufacturing difficulty and cost. By adjusting the distance between the conical lens 43 and the negative lens 44, the outgoing angle suitable for different tower diameters can be adjusted, and the flexibility of the measuring device is improved.

[0043] As a specific embodiment of the present application, with reference to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 , the connecting bracket 52 comprises three thin steel rods 521; the three thin steel rods 521 are circumferentially arranged between the wide-angle lens 51 and the negative lens 44. The wide-angle lens 51 and the negative lens 44 are connected by the structure of the three thin steel rods 521, so that an open space is formed between the two, ensuring that the refracted ring-shaped light beam can pass through the gap between the thin steel rods 521, effectively reducing the shielding range and ensuring the integrity of the light ring formed on the inner wall of the tower, thereby improving the accuracy of the straightness error measurement; in addition, in order to further eliminate the influence caused by the shielding of the thin steel rods 521, the tower can be rotated by a certain angle and then measured again. At this time, the shadow generated will reach a different position. By splicing the cross-sectional pixel points obtained in the first measurement and the cross-sectional pixel points obtained in the second measurement, a complete data without dead angle can be obtained. By calculating the cross-sectional centroid coordinates again based on the complete data, the measurement result accuracy can be further improved; the specific implementation steps are as follows: the image processing module 53 performs Gaussian filtering on the received original image to reduce noise, then performs binaryzation on the preprocessed image by using the Otsu adaptive threshold method, extracts the high-intensity light ring pixel set P1, repeats the above steps after rotating the tower by 60°, obtains a second group of light ring pixel set P2, takes the centroid C1 measured in the first measurement as the rotation center, rotates all the point coordinates in the pixel set P2 by-60° to obtain the transformed point set P2', combines P1 and P2' to form a more complete and unshielded final pixel set P3, and calculates the accurate centroid coordinates C2 of the final pixel set P3 by using the discrete integral method, the formulas are X C2 =(Σxi) / N and Y C2 =(Σyi) / N; the final centroid coordinates C2 obtained are compared with the ideal reference point (the point of the cross section through which the main reference laser passes the light ring image), and the straightness deviation at the cross section position is obtained.

[0044] As a specific embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 4 , the distance between the conical lens 43 and the negative lens 44 is L, the maximum interference distance of the Bessel beam generated by the conical lens 43 is S, and the distance between the wide-angle lens 51 and the conical lens 43 is D, which satisfies S < L < D. Under this positional relationship, the negative lens 44 and the wide-angle lens 51 are ensured to be in the far field outside the Bessel beam interference zone, ensuring that the negative lens 44 can refract the light beam that has formed a light ring again, increase the divergence angle, and the wide-angle lens 51 can effectively capture the light ring formed after the divergence again. The wide-angle lens 51 needs to select a fisheye lens with a field of view angle not less than 170° to ensure that the light ring image will not exceed the capture range of the camera.

[0045] Workflow: Place the tower on the Y-shaped fixing frame 11, adjust the end 122 on the guide rail end 121 according to the diameter of the tower, adjust the end 122 to the midpoint position of the end face of the laser emitter 2 to align the bottom center of the tower, and then fix the end 122 on the guide rail end 121 by bolts; At this time, the moving rail 3 is fixedly connected with the adjusting end 122, it is necessary to ensure that the central axis of the laser emitter 2 is parallel to the moving rail 3, and the central axes of the conical lens 43, the negative lens 44 and the wide-angle lens 51 are all coincided with the central axis of the laser emitter 2; After installation is completed, measurement is carried out.

[0046] The laser emitter 2 emits a main reference laser as an ideal reference, which enters the conical lens 43 in the moving refraction assembly 4, and the light is uniformly deflected to a ring-shaped beam due to the rotationally symmetrical conical surface refraction. Then the ring-shaped beam will pass through the negative lens 44, at this time the divergence angle of the ring-shaped beam is amplified twice, so that it can be projected onto the inner wall of the tower in a short distance. The driving motor 42 starts to drive the guide wheel 41 to rotate, and the guide wheel moves directionally on the moving rail 3. At this time, the moving refraction assembly 4 and the visual processing assembly 5 will move synchronously in the direction of the main reference laser, so that the light ring is continuously formed on the inner wall of the tower. At the same time, the wide-angle lens 51 will capture the light ring image formed on the inner wall of the tower, and the image processing module 53 receives these images in real time, extracts the pixel point set constituting the light ring through the brightness threshold, and then uses the pixel point set to calculate the centroid coordinates of the cross section of the light ring by least squares fitting. By comparing the centroid coordinates with the coordinates of the reference point generated by the straight line passing through the cross section of the light ring image where the main reference laser is located, the straightness deviation value at the cross section position can be determined. In the whole movement process, N centroids will be calculated, and after fitting all the obtained centroid coordinates, the accurate measurement result can be obtained by directly comparing with the straight line where the main reference laser is located.

[0047] In order to further eliminate the shadow effect caused by the fine steel rod 521 in the connecting support 52 and the moving track 3, the tower is rotated by a certain angle, and then the measurement is carried out again. The cross-sectional pixel points obtained twice are spliced to obtain a complete data without dead angle. Through the data, the cross-sectional centroid coordinates can be calculated again, so as to further improve the accuracy of the measurement result.

[0048] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A straightness measuring device for tower work, characterized by: The application relates to a laser straightness deviation detection device for a tower, which comprises a fixed support, a laser emitter, a moving track, a moving refraction assembly and a visual processing assembly; the fixed support is used for fixing the tower; the laser emitter is installed on the fixed support and used for emitting a main reference laser; the moving track is movably connected between the two ends of the fixed support; the moving refraction assembly is arranged on the moving track and used for converting the main reference laser into a ring-shaped light beam; the visual processing assembly is connected with the moving refraction assembly and used for capturing a light ring image formed by the ring-shaped light beam and calculating the geometric center of the light ring image. The moving refraction assembly comprises a guide wheel, a driving motor and a conical lens; the guide wheel is installed in the moving track; the driving motor is connected with the guide wheel through gear transmission and used for driving the guide wheel to rotate; and the conical lens is used for converting the main reference laser into the ring-shaped light beam. The visual processing assembly comprises a wide-angle lens, a connecting support and an image processing module; the wide-angle lens is fixedly connected with the moving refraction assembly through the connecting support and used for capturing the light ring image; and the image processing module is used for receiving the light ring image from the wide-angle lens in real time, extracting a pixel point set of the light ring through a brightness threshold value, fitting or discrete integrating the pixel point set to obtain a centroid coordinate, and comparing the centroid coordinate with a coordinate of a reference point generated by a straight line, on which the main reference laser is located, passing through a section, on which the light ring image is located, to determine a straightness deviation. The center point of the conical lens and the optical center of the wide-angle lens are located on a central axis of the laser emitter, and the central axis of the laser emitter is parallel to the moving track. The moving refraction assembly further comprises a negative lens; the negative lens is coaxially arranged between the conical lens and the wide-angle lens.

2. A straightness measuring device for processing a column, according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed support comprises a fixed frame and a mounting frame; the fixed frame is used for fixing the tower and has a Y-shaped structure; the mounting frame comprises a guide rail end and an adjusting end; the guide rail end is connected with the fixed frame; the adjusting end is connected with the guide rail end through bolts; and the laser emitter is installed at a midpoint position of an end face of the adjusting end.

3. A straightness measuring device for processing a column, according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting support comprises three thin steel rods; the three thin steel rods are circumferentially arranged between the wide-angle lens and the negative lens.

4. The straightness measuring device for processing a column according to claim 1, wherein: The distance between the conical lens and the negative lens is L, the maximum interference distance of the Bessel light beam generated by the conical lens is S, the distance between the wide-angle lens and the conical lens is D, and S < L < D is met.

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