Slope soil and water loss prediction system for channel-type spoil ground

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of soil and water loss prediction, and more particularly to a kind of gully type spoil site's side slope soil and water loss prediction system, comprising: image acquisition module for obtaining the image of single-stage cutting slope surface, image processing module for constructing the particle size curve along the top to the bottom of slope, water seepage determination module for determining the first water seepage rate and the second water seepage rate of the spoil of several point positions along the top to the bottom of single-stage cutting slope, water seepage data processing module for constructing the first water seepage curve and the second water seepage curve from the top to the bottom of slope, prediction analysis module for preliminarily determining whether the water and soil conservation of single-stage cutting slope meets the preset standard according to the average slope of particle size curve, or checking whether the water and soil conservation of single-stage cutting slope meets the preset standard according to the average slope of first water seepage curve, or determining the correction method of corresponding single-stage cutting slope according to the average slope of second water seepage curve, the present application improves the prediction accuracy of the tendency of soil and water loss of the side slope completed by spoil accumulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil and water loss prediction, and in particular to a slope soil and water loss prediction system for gully-type spoil heaps. Background Technology

[0002] In various engineering construction projects, such as mining, road construction, and water conservancy projects, a large amount of waste is generated, which is usually piled up in gully-type waste disposal sites. Currently, the prediction and prevention of soil erosion on the slopes of gully-type waste disposal sites mainly rely on traditional methods. Traditional methods often focus on the overall stability assessment of the slope, and mostly use engineering geological surveys, theoretical calculations, and empirical analogies. For example, by conducting on-site surveys of the slope's geological structure and soil properties, and combining relevant theoretical formulas to calculate the slope's safety factor, the stability of the slope is judged; or by referring to similar engineering cases, a rough assessment of the current slope's soil erosion risk is made based on experience.

[0003] However, these traditional methods have many limitations. Firstly, they pay insufficient attention to the microscopic characteristics of slope surfaces. The particle size distribution of the slag on slope surfaces has a significant impact on soil erosion, and slag of different particle sizes exhibits considerable differences in stability under the influence of rainwater erosion and wind erosion. Fine-grained slag is more easily carried away by water flow, while coarse-grained slag is relatively stable. Traditional methods mainly focus on monitoring soil erosion during or after rainfall. They typically only consider the seepage rate under a single condition, failing to comprehensively understand the changes in slag seepage characteristics with location and condition, thus making it difficult to accurately predict soil erosion on slopes under different conditions. Furthermore, after predicting slope soil erosion, traditional methods lack a scientific and precise basis for determining slope correction methods. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address this issue, the present invention provides a slope soil erosion prediction system for ditch-type spoil heaps, which overcomes the problem of poor accuracy in predicting soil erosion trends in the first instance after spoil heaps have been filled in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a slope soil erosion prediction system for gully-type spoil heaps, comprising:

[0006] The image acquisition module is used to acquire surface images of a preset area from the top to the bottom of a single-stage slope cut.

[0007] An image processing module, which is connected to the image acquisition module, is used to construct a particle size curve from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope based on the average particle size of the slag in several point areas on the surface image from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope.

[0008] The seepage measurement module is used to measure the first and second seepage rates of the slag soil at several points along the slope top to bottom of the single-stage slope. The first seepage rate is the original seepage rate of the slag soil, and the second seepage rate is the seepage rate measured after the upper half of the slag soil has dried following the completion of the first seepage rate test.

[0009] The seepage data processing module is connected to the seepage measurement module and is used to construct the first seepage curve and the second seepage curve from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope based on the first seepage rate and the second seepage rate of the slag soil at each of the points.

[0010] The predictive analysis module is connected to the image processing module and the seepage data processing module respectively. It is used to preliminarily determine whether the soil and water conservation of a single-stage slope meets the preset standard based on the average slope of the particle size curve. If it does not meet the preset standard, it verifies whether the soil and water conservation of a single-stage slope meets the preset standard based on the average slope of the first seepage curve, or determines the corresponding single-stage slope correction method based on the average slope of the second seepage curve.

[0011] The average slope of the particle size curve is the average of the slopes at each point on the particle size curve.

[0012] The average slope of the first seepage curve is the average of the slopes at each point on the first seepage curve.

[0013] The average slope of the second seepage curve is the average of the slopes at each point on the second seepage curve.

[0014] Furthermore, the water seepage measurement module includes several hollow test tubes, a top cover at the top of the hollow test tubes with a water inlet pipe connected to the top cover, and a bottom cover at the bottom of the hollow test tubes with several water immersion sensors on the side of the bottom cover near the hollow test tubes.

[0015] Furthermore, the hollow test tube includes two half-tubes, each half-tube including a half-tube body and a connecting strip disposed at the edge of the half-tube body;

[0016] A sealing strip is provided on the connecting surface of the connecting strip.

[0017] Furthermore, an isolation mesh with a preset aperture is provided at the center of the hollow test tube.

[0018] Furthermore, the prediction and analysis module determines that the soil and water conservation of the single-stage slope cutting meets the preset standard in response to the average slope of the particle size curve being less than a first preset slope threshold, and determines that the soil and water conservation of the single-stage slope cutting does not meet the preset standard in response to the average slope of the particle size curve being greater than or equal to the first preset slope threshold.

[0019] Furthermore, in response to the average slope of the particle size curve being greater than or equal to the first preset slope threshold and less than the second preset slope threshold, the prediction and analysis module verifies whether the soil and water conservation of the single-stage slope cutting meets the preset standards based on the average slope of the first infiltration curve. In addition, in response to the average slope of the particle size curve being greater than or equal to the second preset slope threshold, the prediction and analysis module determines the corresponding single-stage slope cutting correction method based on the average slope of the second infiltration curve.

[0020] Furthermore, the predictive analysis module verifies whether the soil and water conservation of a single-stage slope cutting meets preset standards based on the average slope of the first seepage curve, wherein...

[0021] If the average slope of the first seepage curve is less than the verification threshold, the water and soil conservation of the single-level slope cutting is verified to meet the preset standard, and the detection of the next preset area of ​​the single-level slope cutting is carried out.

[0022] If the average slope of the first seepage curve is greater than or equal to the verification threshold, the soil and water conservation of the single-level slope is found to be non-compliant with the preset standard, and the slope of the single-level slope in the preset area is reduced according to the difference between the average slope of the first seepage curve and the verification threshold.

[0023] Furthermore, the reduction in the slope of the single-stage slope is positively correlated with the difference between the average slope of the first infiltration curve and the verification threshold.

[0024] Furthermore, the corresponding single-stage slope reduction correction method is determined based on the average slope of the second infiltration curve, wherein,

[0025] If the average slope of the second seepage curve is less than the correction threshold, the width of the ramp at the bottom of the single-stage slope in the preset area will be increased to the corresponding value.

[0026] If the average slope of the second seepage curve is greater than or equal to the correction threshold, a retaining wall will be installed at the bottom of the single-level slope within the preset area.

[0027] Furthermore, the increase in the width of the walkway is directly related to the difference between the correction threshold and the average slope of the second seepage curve.

[0028] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention achieves refined classification and prediction of soil erosion risk through a three-level progressive judgment logic of particle size curve—permeability curve—correction scheme. The particle size curve serves as a preliminary screening indicator, quickly identifying the uniformity of the slag structure; when the slope exceeds the first threshold, the intervention of the permeability curve can distinguish between surface looseness and deep permeability problems; and the second permeability curve triggers higher-order correction measures for extreme conditions, such as adding retaining walls. This classification strategy avoids the limitations of traditional single-indicator judgment, significantly reduces the misjudgment rate, and optimizes the priority of engineering responses.

[0029] Furthermore, this invention systematically simulates the performance evolution of slag soil during natural wet-dry cycles. The initial test reflects initial permeability, while the secondary test after drying reveals the soil's resistance to degradation. Combined with slope analysis of the infiltration curve, the trend of soil erosion under extreme climates such as heavy rain or drought can be accurately predicted.

[0030] Furthermore, the collaborative operation of the image acquisition, seepage measurement, and predictive analysis modules of this invention forms a closed-loop system: the image processing module replaces traditional sampling with non-contact particle size analysis, reducing interference from on-site operations; the standardized testing process of the seepage measurement module ensures data comparability; the automated threshold determination of the predictive analysis module shortens the manual evaluation cycle. The overall architecture balances efficiency and scalability, making it suitable for the dynamic monitoring needs of large-scale spoil disposal sites. Through intelligent classification and determination, dynamic environmental simulation, data quantification correction, and modular collaboration, this system achieves a technological leap from "passive management" to "active prediction" of slope soil erosion, combining engineering practicality with forward-looking disaster prevention and control. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the slope soil and water loss prediction system for a ditch-type spoil heap according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the seepage measurement module structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the preliminary determination of whether the soil and water conservation of a single-stage slope cutting meets the preset standards in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a single-stage slope cutting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the reduction of the single-stage slope gradient within a preset area according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] In the diagram: 2. Top cover; 3. Water inlet pipe; 4. Bottom cover; 5. Water immersion sensor; 11. Half pipe; 111. Half pipe body; 112. Connecting strip; 113. Sealing strip; 6. Single-stage slope; 7. Walkway; 8. Retaining wall. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0038] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Please see Figures 1-5 The figures shown are: a structural schematic diagram of the slope soil and water loss prediction system for a ditch-type spoil heap according to an embodiment of the present invention; a structural schematic diagram of the seepage measurement module according to an embodiment of the present invention; a flowchart for preliminarily determining whether the soil and water conservation of a single-stage slope cutting meets the preset standards according to an embodiment of the present invention; a structural schematic diagram of a single-stage slope cutting according to an embodiment of the present invention; and a schematic diagram for reducing the slope of a single-stage slope cutting within a preset area according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a slope soil erosion prediction system for a ditch-type spoil heap, comprising:

[0041] The image acquisition module is used to acquire surface images of a preset area from the top to the bottom of the slope of a single-stage slope cutting 6.

[0042] An image processing module, connected to the image acquisition module, is used to construct a particle size curve from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope based on the average particle size of the slag in several point areas on the surface image from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope, wherein each point is equally spaced along the vertical direction from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope.

[0043] The seepage measurement module is used to measure the first and second seepage rates of the slag soil at several points along the slope top to the slope bottom of the single-level slope 6. The first seepage rate is the original seepage rate of the slag soil, and the second seepage rate is the seepage rate measured after the upper half of the slag soil has dried after the first seepage rate test is completed.

[0044] The seepage data processing module is connected to the seepage measurement module and is used to construct the first seepage curve and the second seepage curve from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope based on the first seepage rate and the second seepage rate of the slag soil at each of the points.

[0045] The predictive analysis module is connected to the image processing module and the seepage data processing module respectively. It is used to preliminarily determine whether the soil and water conservation of the single-stage slope cutting 6 meets the preset standard based on the average slope of the particle size curve. If it does not meet the preset standard, it verifies whether the soil and water conservation of the single-stage slope cutting 6 meets the preset standard based on the average slope of the first seepage curve, or determines the corresponding correction method of the single-stage slope cutting 6 based on the average slope of the second seepage curve.

[0046] The particle size curve has the top of the slope as the origin, the distance from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope as the horizontal axis (unit: m), and the average particle size of the slag in the area as the vertical axis (unit: m).

[0047] The first seepage curve uses the distance from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope as the horizontal axis, with the horizontal axis unit being meters, and the seepage rate of the original slag soil in each location area as the vertical axis, with the vertical axis unit being m / s.

[0048] The second seepage curve uses the distance from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope as the horizontal axis, with the horizontal axis unit being m, and the seepage rate measured after the upper half of the slag soil has dried following the completion of the first seepage rate test as the vertical axis, with the vertical axis unit being m / s.

[0049] The average slope of the particle size curve is the average of the slopes at each point on the particle size curve.

[0050] The average slope of the first seepage curve is the average of the slopes at each point on the first seepage curve.

[0051] The average slope of the second seepage curve is the average of the slopes at each point on the second seepage curve.

[0052] Specifically, the particle size curve, the first permeation curve, and the second permeation curve can be fitted using polynomial fitting, nonlinear fitting, or spline interpolation; no specific limitation is imposed.

[0053] Specifically, the image acquisition module, such as a drone equipped with a high-definition camera, is not limited to any particular type and is used to acquire surface images of a preset area from the top to the bottom of a single-stage slope cut. The image processing module, seepage data processing module, and predictive analysis module are not limited to any particular type and only need to fulfill the requirement of completing the input parameters and outputting the corresponding results according to the set program.

[0054] Specifically, the height of the single-stage slope 6 is usually set to 8m-12m, and in this embodiment it is set to 10m. The width of the walkway 7 is usually set to 3m-4m, and in this embodiment the walkway 7 is set to 3m. The slope ratio is set to 1:1.5 in this embodiment.

[0055] Specifically, the spacing between points that are equally spaced in the vertical direction from the top to the bottom of the slope is usually set to 0.5m-1.2m. In this embodiment, the slope length is 22.36m, and the number of sampling points is 20.

[0056] Specifically, the water seepage detection module includes several hollow test tubes, a top cover 2 at the top of the hollow test tubes, a water inlet pipe 3 connected to the top cover 2, a bottom cover 4 at the bottom of the hollow test tubes, and several water immersion sensors 5 on the side of the bottom cover 4 near the hollow test tubes. In this embodiment, five sensors are provided. The height of the hollow test tube is 1m and the diameter is 0.1m.

[0057] Specifically, the hollow test tube includes two half tubes 11, each half tube 11 including a half tube body 111 and a connecting strip 112 disposed at the edge of the half tube body 111;

[0058] A sealing strip 113 is provided on the connecting surface of the connecting strip 112;

[0059] The two half-pipes 11 are sealed by connecting the connecting strip 112. The connecting strip 112 can be fixed with metal clips or with bolts and nuts, and there is no specific limitation.

[0060] Specifically, the hollow test tube is equipped with an isolation net with a preset aperture (not shown in the figure) at its center. After filling half of the slag, the isolation net is placed horizontally before filling the other half of the slag. The isolation net is made of metal mesh and its preset aperture is not less than 1.40 mm.

[0061] Specifically, in this implementation, the time when the water supply pipe 3 begins to supply water is taken as the starting time, and the time when all water immersion sensors 5 receive water immersion signals is taken as the ending time to calculate the duration of the seepage rate.

[0062] Specifically, the prediction and analysis module determines that the soil and water conservation of the single-stage slope cutting 6 meets the preset standards when the average slope of the particle size curve is less than a first preset slope threshold.

[0063] The predictive analysis module determines that the soil and water conservation of the single-stage slope cutting 6 does not meet the preset standard when the average slope of the particle size curve is greater than or equal to the first preset slope threshold.

[0064] The predictive analysis module determines that the soil and water conservation of the single-stage slope cutting 6 does not meet the preset standard when the average slope of the particle size curve is greater than or equal to the first preset slope threshold and less than the second preset slope threshold. It then verifies whether the soil and water conservation of the single-stage slope cutting 6 meets the preset standard based on the average slope of the first seepage curve.

[0065] The predictive analysis module determines that the soil and water conservation of the single-stage slope cutting 6 does not meet the preset standard when the average slope of the particle size curve is greater than or equal to the second preset slope threshold, and determines the corresponding correction method of the single-stage slope cutting 6 according to the average slope of the second seepage curve.

[0066] The first preset slope threshold is set to 0.035, and the second preset slope threshold is set to 0.058. It should be noted that the data in this embodiment are all results obtained through preliminary experiments before the current test by the system described in this invention. Each preset value can be adjusted according to the specific usage, as long as the system described in this invention can clearly define different specific situations in the single-item judgment process through the acquired values.

[0067] Specifically, the predictive analysis module verifies whether the soil and water conservation of the single-stage slope cutting 6 meets the preset standards based on the average slope of the first seepage curve.

[0068] If the average slope of the first seepage curve is less than the verification threshold of 0.122, then the soil and water conservation of the single-level slope cutting 6 is verified to meet the preset standard, and the next preset area of ​​the single-level slope cutting 6 is detected.

[0069] If the average slope of the first seepage curve is greater than or equal to the verification threshold, the soil and water conservation of the single-level slope 6 is found to be non-compliant with the preset standard, and the slope of the single-level slope 6 in the preset area is reduced according to the difference between the average slope of the first seepage curve and the verification threshold.

[0070] Specifically, the reduction in slope of the single-stage slope cut 6 is positively correlated with the difference between the average slope of the first seepage curve and the verification threshold. This positive correlation can be linear or nonlinear; there is no specific limitation. It simply requires that the greater the difference between the average slope of the first seepage curve and the verification threshold, the greater the reduction in slope of the single-stage slope cut 6. In other words, it reduces the slope of the single-stage slope cut 6 within the area. Figure 5 The angle of α is expanded.

[0071] Specifically, the corresponding single-stage slope reduction method is determined based on the average slope of the second infiltration curve, wherein...

[0072] If the average slope of the second seepage curve is less than the correction threshold of 0.052, the width of the ramp 7 at the bottom of the single-stage slope 6 in the preset area will be increased to the corresponding value.

[0073] If the average slope of the second seepage curve is greater than or equal to the correction threshold, then a retaining wall 8 will be installed at the bottom of the single-stage slope 6 within the preset area. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4The retaining wall 8 is set up in the middle. The construction of the retaining wall 8 can be carried out in accordance with the corresponding construction standards, and there are no specific restrictions.

[0074] Specifically, the increase in the width of the walkway 7 is directly related to the difference between the correction threshold and the average slope of the second seepage curve. Similarly, to adjust the increase in the width of the walkway 7, it is only necessary to satisfy the condition that the greater the difference between the correction threshold and the average slope of the second seepage curve, the greater the increase in the width of the walkway 7.

[0075] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0076] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A slope soil erosion prediction system for a ditch-type spoil heap, characterized in that, include: The image acquisition module is used to acquire surface images of a preset area from the top to the bottom of a single-stage slope cut. An image processing module, which is connected to the image acquisition module, is used to construct a particle size curve from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope based on the average particle size of the slag in several point areas on the surface image from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope. The seepage measurement module is used to measure the first and second seepage rates of the slag soil at several points along the slope top to bottom of the single-stage slope. The first seepage rate is the original seepage rate of the slag soil, and the second seepage rate is the seepage rate measured after the upper half of the slag soil has dried following the completion of the first seepage rate test. The seepage data processing module is connected to the seepage measurement module and is used to construct the first seepage curve and the second seepage curve from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope based on the first seepage rate and the second seepage rate of the slag soil at each of the points. The predictive analysis module is connected to the image processing module and the seepage data processing module respectively. It is used to preliminarily determine whether the soil and water conservation of a single-stage slope meets the preset standard based on the average slope of the particle size curve. If it does not meet the preset standard, it verifies whether the soil and water conservation of a single-stage slope meets the preset standard based on the average slope of the first seepage curve, or determines the corresponding single-stage slope correction method based on the average slope of the second seepage curve. The average slope of the particle size curve is the average of the slopes at each point on the particle size curve. The average slope of the first seepage curve is the average of the slopes at each point on the first seepage curve. The average slope of the second seepage curve is the average of the slopes at each point on the second seepage curve; The predictive analysis module determines that the soil and water conservation of the single-stage slope cutting meets the preset standard when the average slope of the particle size curve is less than the first preset slope threshold. The predictive analysis module responds to the average slope of the particle size curve being greater than or equal to the first preset slope threshold and less than the second preset slope threshold by verifying whether the soil and water conservation of the single-stage slope cutting meets the preset standard based on the average slope of the first infiltration curve. In addition, the predictive analysis module responds to the average slope of the particle size curve being greater than or equal to the second preset slope threshold by determining the corresponding single-stage slope cutting correction method based on the average slope of the second infiltration curve. The predictive analysis module verifies whether the soil and water conservation of a single-stage slope cutting meets preset standards based on the average slope of the first seepage curve. If the average slope of the first seepage curve is less than the verification threshold, the water and soil conservation of the single-level slope cutting is verified to meet the preset standard, and the detection of the next preset area of ​​the single-level slope cutting is carried out. If the average slope of the first seepage curve is greater than or equal to the verification threshold, the soil and water conservation of the single-level slope is found to be non-compliant with the preset standard, and the slope of the single-level slope in the preset area is reduced according to the difference between the average slope of the first seepage curve and the verification threshold.

2. The slope soil and water loss prediction system for gully-type spoil heaps according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water seepage measurement module includes several hollow test tubes, a top cover at the top of the hollow test tubes with a water inlet pipe connected to the top cover, and a bottom cover at the bottom of the hollow test tubes with several water immersion sensors on the side of the bottom cover closest to the hollow test tubes.

3. The slope soil and water loss prediction system for gully-type spoil heaps according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hollow test tube includes two half-tubes, each half-tube including a half-tube body and a connecting strip disposed at the edge of the half-tube body; A sealing strip is provided on the connecting surface of the connecting strip.

4. The slope soil and water loss prediction system for gully-type spoil heaps according to claim 3, characterized in that, A pre-set aperture mesh is provided at the center of the hollow test tube.

5. The slope soil and water loss prediction system for gully-type spoil heaps according to claim 4, characterized in that, The reduction in the slope of the single-stage slope is positively correlated with the difference between the average slope of the first seepage curve and the verification threshold.

6. The slope soil and water loss prediction system for gully-type spoil heaps according to claim 5, characterized in that, The corresponding single-stage slope correction method is determined based on the average slope of the second infiltration curve, wherein... If the average slope of the second seepage curve is less than the correction threshold, the width of the ramp at the bottom of the single-stage slope in the preset area will be increased to the corresponding value. If the average slope of the second seepage curve is greater than or equal to the correction threshold, a retaining wall will be installed at the bottom of the single-level slope within the preset area.

7. The slope soil and water loss prediction system for gully-type spoil heaps according to claim 6, characterized in that, The increase in the width of the walkway is directly proportional to the difference between the correction threshold and the average slope of the second seepage curve.

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