Multi-basin water environment pollution emergency protection system and method based on three-dimensional GIS

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-basin water environment pollution emergency protection system and method based on three-dimensional GIS, and belongs to the technical field of water environment pollution emergency protection. Three-dimensional GIS technology is used to construct a basin database, obtain turbidity data and average pollution concentration data of the basin, unify a data collection period, respectively record the turbidity data as period turbidity data, and record the average pollution concentration data as average pollution concentration period data, calculate a change degree and a diffusion degree, design a pollution index, calculate a comprehensive pollution index, a difference value and a correlation degree, preset a threshold value, analyze and output an emergency protection early warning, and the like. Through calculation of the change degree and the diffusion degree of different monitoring areas, the application can quickly identify potential pollution events and provide scientific basis for timely emergency. Calculation of the comprehensive pollution index and the early warning mechanism improve multi-basin emergency response capability, help relevant departments to quickly respond, avoid pollution event diffusion, and effectively protect water resources and ecological environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of emergency protection technology for water environment pollution, specifically to a multi-basin water environment pollution emergency protection system and method based on three-dimensional GIS. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing awareness of water environment protection, water pollution prevention technologies have developed rapidly. Multi-basin water environment monitoring and management have gradually become research hotspots. 3D GIS (Geographic Information System) technology, due to its advantages in spatial data processing and visualization, is widely used in water quality monitoring and pollution source tracing. By constructing a basin database, 3D GIS can effectively integrate multi-source water quality monitoring data and display the water pollution status in real time. The development of this technology has promoted the real-time tracking of water quality changes within the basin and improved emergency response capabilities, providing a scientific basis for water environment management. However, existing GIS-based water quality monitoring systems still have some shortcomings, mainly in the timeliness and accuracy of data collection, which makes it impossible to achieve rapid response to pollution events. In addition, many systems fail to effectively consider the dynamic relationship between water quality indicators, resulting in an incomplete assessment of water quality changes.

[0003] Under the current technological background, existing water pollution prevention methods often adopt static monitoring methods, which lack real-time analysis of dynamic changes in pollution and have problems such as poor data timeliness and insufficient dynamic response capability. This leads to a delayed response when pollution incidents occur, and failure to take effective emergency protection measures in a timely manner. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-basin water environment pollution emergency protection system and method based on three-dimensional GIS, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] The multi-basin water environment pollution emergency protection system based on 3D GIS includes: a basin data construction module, a unified data acquisition module, a pollution assessment and analysis module, and a comprehensive pollution index calculation module.

[0007] The watershed data construction module uses 3D GIS technology to construct a watershed database; it evenly divides the watershed into I water quality monitoring zones, deploys water quality sensors and pollution concentration sensors, and acquires average pollution concentration data.

[0008] The unified data acquisition module acquires turbidity data collected by water quality sensors and standardizes the data acquisition cycle, recording turbidity data as periodic turbidity data and average pollution concentration data as average pollution concentration periodic data.

[0009] The pollution evaluation analysis module: calculates the variation degree of the periodic turbidity data between different water quality monitoring areas and the diffusion degree of the average pollution concentration periodic data between different water quality monitoring areas at the same data collection cycle node; designs a pollution index based on the variation degree and the diffusion degree.

[0010] The comprehensive pollution index calculation module: calculates the comprehensive pollution index of the river basin at different data collection cycle nodes; calculates the difference value and the correlation degree of the comprehensive pollution index between different river basins based on the comprehensive pollution index; presets a threshold value, analyzes and outputs an emergency protection warning.

[0011] Further, the river basin data construction module includes a water quality monitoring area division unit and an average pollution concentration data acquisition unit.

[0012] The water quality monitoring area division unit: uses three-dimensional GIS technology to construct a river basin database; evenly divides the river basin into I water quality monitoring areas, and arranges one water quality sensor in each water quality monitoring area, the water quality sensor is used to detect the turbidity data of the river basin, and a water quality sensor set is constructed.

[0013] The average pollution concentration data acquisition unit: installs a pollution concentration sensor in the water quality monitoring area, the pollution concentration sensor is used to monitor the pollution concentration data of the river basin, and the average pollution concentration data in the water quality monitoring area is acquired.

[0014] Further, the data collection unification module includes a turbidity data acquisition unit and a data collection cycle setting unit.

[0015] The turbidity data acquisition unit: acquires the turbidity data collected by the water quality sensor.

[0016] The data collection cycle setting unit: unifies the data collection cycle, synchronously acquires the turbidity data and the average pollution concentration data collected by each water quality sensor in the same data collection cycle, and records the turbidity data collected by the water quality sensor as periodic turbidity data and the average pollution concentration data in the water quality monitoring area as average pollution concentration periodic data at the tth data collection cycle node.

[0017] Further, the pollution evaluation analysis module includes a variation degree and diffusion degree calculation unit and a pollution index calculation unit.

[0018] The variation degree and diffusion degree calculation unit: calculates the variation degree of the periodic turbidity data between different water quality monitoring areas at the tth data collection cycle node.

[0019] Calculates the diffusion degree of the average pollution concentration periodic data between different water quality monitoring areas at the tth data collection cycle node.

[0020] The pollution index calculation unit: based on the variation degree and the diffusion degree at the tth data collection cycle node, designs the pollution index.

[0021] Further, the comprehensive pollution index calculation module includes a correlation degree calculation unit and an analysis and early warning unit.

[0022] The correlation degree calculation unit: calculates the comprehensive pollution index of the river basin at different data collection cycle nodes; based on the comprehensive pollution index of the river basin, calculates the comprehensive pollution index difference value between different river basins, and based on the comprehensive pollution index difference value, calculates the correlation degree between different river basins.

[0023] The analysis and early warning unit: a correlation degree threshold is preset, if the correlation degree between different river basins is greater than the correlation degree threshold, it is determined that there is a correlation relationship between the river basins; a comprehensive pollution index threshold is preset, if the comprehensive pollution index of the river basin is greater than the comprehensive pollution index threshold, it is determined that the river basin exists water environmental pollution, and all river basins having a correlation relationship with the river basin are subjected to emergency protection and early warning.

[0024] The multi-river basin water environmental pollution emergency protection method based on three-dimensional GIS, the method comprises the following steps: using three-dimensional GIS technology, constructing a river basin database; dividing the river basin into I water quality monitoring areas, arranging water quality sensors and pollution concentration sensors, and obtaining average pollution concentration data; obtaining turbidity data collected by the water quality sensor; unifying the data collection cycle, respectively recording the turbidity data as period turbidity data and the average pollution concentration data as average pollution concentration period data; calculating the variation degree of the period turbidity data between different water quality monitoring areas and the diffusion degree of the average pollution concentration period data between different water quality monitoring areas at the same data collection cycle node; based on the variation degree and the diffusion degree, designing a pollution index; calculating the comprehensive pollution index of the river basin at different data collection cycle nodes; based on the comprehensive pollution index, calculating the comprehensive pollution index difference value and the correlation degree between different river basins; presetting a threshold, analyzing and outputting emergency protection and early warning.

[0025] As a preferred scheme of the multi-river basin water environmental pollution emergency protection method based on three-dimensional GIS, three-dimensional GIS technology is used to construct a river basin database, denoted as , wherein, represents the ath river basin, and A represents the total number of river basins; the river basin is uniformly divided into I water quality monitoring areas, denoted as , wherein, i represents the water quality monitoring area number, and one water quality sensor is arranged in one water quality monitoring area, the water quality sensor is used to detect the turbidity data of the river basin, and a water quality sensor set , wherein, represents the water quality monitoring area Water quality sensors inside, I represents the total number of water quality sensors.

[0026] Install pollution concentration sensors in the water quality monitoring area , which are used to monitor the pollution concentration data of the river basin, obtain the average pollution concentration data in the water quality monitoring area , denoted as .

[0027] As a preferred scheme of the multi-basin water environment pollution emergency protection method based on three-dimensional GIS, the turbidity data collected by the water quality sensor is denoted as ; the data collection period is unified, and the turbidity data collected by each water quality sensor is synchronously obtained in the same data collection period and the average pollution concentration data , at the tth data collection period node, the turbidity data collected by the water quality sensor is denoted as the periodic turbidity data , and the average pollution concentration data in the water quality monitoring area is denoted as the average pollution concentration periodic data .

[0028] As a preferred scheme of the multi-basin water environment pollution emergency protection method based on three-dimensional GIS, the change degree of the periodic turbidity data at the tth data collection period node between different water quality monitoring areas is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0029] ;

[0030] wherein, represents the change degree of the periodic turbidity data at the tth data collection period node between different water quality monitoring areas.

[0031] In the present application, the formula calculates the deviation of turbidity data in each monitoring area from the overall average value to evaluate the size of the change, and the change degree can reflect whether the turbidity data in different water quality monitoring areas at the same time point has significant difference; when the change degree is large, it may mean that some monitoring areas have abnormal pollution events, which is worth further attention and investigation; by continuously monitoring the trend of the change degree, a quick response can be made when a pollution event occurs; if the change degree suddenly increases at a certain time node, it may indicate that the pollution concentration in some areas has increased significantly, so that corresponding emergency measures can be taken.

[0032] The average pollution concentration periodic data at the tth data collection period node is calculated​ The diffusion degree between different water quality monitoring areas is calculated according to the following formula:

[0033] ;

[0034] Wherein, represents the average pollution concentration period data at the tth data collection cycle node The diffusion degree between different water quality monitoring areas.

[0035] In the present application, the diffusion degree can help to judge the diffusion trend of pollutants between different areas; if the diffusion degree increases, it means that the pollutants may be diffusing from the high concentration area to the low concentration area, which may prompt the spread or further deterioration of the pollution event; by analyzing the diffusion degree, the source of the pollutants can be inferred, for example, if the pollutant concentration of a certain area is much higher than that of other areas, the area may be close to the pollution source; the change of the diffusion degree can help to determine the influence range of the pollution event and its expansion speed, providing a basis for the pollution emergency response of the environmental protection department, and timely taking measures to prevent the pollution from spreading to a larger range.

[0036] Based on the variation degree and the diffusion degree at the tth data collection cycle node, a pollution index is designed, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0037] ;

[0038] Wherein, represents the pollution index, and represents the influence factor of the preset variation degree and diffusion degree.

[0039] In the present application, represents the relative variation degree of turbidity data, which is used to measure the fluctuation of turbidity data between different monitoring areas. By standardizing the variation degree, a better comprehensive comparison with the diffusion degree can be made; represents the relative diffusion degree of pollution concentration, which is used to measure the diffusion degree of pollutants between different monitoring areas. This item is processed by standardization, which eliminates the influence of data dimension.

[0040] As a preferred scheme of the multi-basin water environmental pollution emergency protection method based on three-dimensional GIS according to the present application, the basin The comprehensive pollution index at different data collection cycle nodes is calculated according to the following formula:

[0041] ;

[0042] Wherein, represents the basin The comprehensive pollution index of different data collection cycle nodes, T represents the total number of data collection cycles.

[0043] The comprehensive pollution index of different data collection cycle nodes, T represents the total number of data collection cycles. The comprehensive pollution index of different data collection cycle nodes, T represents the total number of data collection cycles. The comprehensive pollution index of different data collection cycle nodes, T represents the total number of data collection cycles. The comprehensive pollution index of different data collection cycle nodes, T represents the total number of data collection cycles.

[0044] ;

[0045] Wherein, represents the comprehensive pollution index difference value between the basin and the basin. represents the comprehensive pollution index difference value between the basin and the basin.

[0046] Based on the comprehensive pollution index difference value , the correlation between the basin and the basin is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0047] ;

[0048] Wherein, represents the correlation between the basin and the basin, represents the maximum comprehensive pollution index difference value between all basins. The preset correlation threshold θ, if , it is determined that there is a correlation between the basin and the basin.

[0049] The preset comprehensive pollution index threshold , if , it is determined that the basin has water environment pollution, and all basins with correlation between the basin and the basin are subjected to emergency protection and early warning.

[0050] The preset comprehensive pollution index threshold , if , it is determined that the basin has water environment pollution, and all basins with correlation between the basin and the basin are subjected to emergency protection and early warning. The preset comprehensive pollution index threshold

[0051] ​​​​​In the present application, the turbidity represents the concentration of suspended particulate matters in water, which is usually composed of sediments, humus, organic matters or other particulate matters in the water body; the change of turbidity reflects the fluctuation of physical pollution sources (such as sediments or particulate matters) in the water body, and these suspended substances often interact with pollutant substances (such as heavy metals, organic pollutants, etc.), which may adsorb or carry pollutants into the water body; by combining the turbidity data with the average pollution concentration cycle data, the correlation between the change of suspended particulate matters in the water body and the concentration of pollutants can be obtained, for example, if the turbidity of the water body increases significantly and the pollution concentration increases synchronously within a certain period of time, it means that the suspended particles in the water body may adsorb more pollutant substances, which indicates that the water body may be experiencing external pollution input, or the disturbance of sediments causes the release of pollutants stored in the sediment into the water; by analyzing the turbidity change and pollution concentration fluctuation of the water quality monitoring area within the cycle, the spatiotemporal dynamic characteristics of pollutants in different regions of the water body can be captured, for example, significant changes in turbidity may mean an increase in water flow velocity, causing the disturbance and release of pollutants in the sediment into the water body, and at the same time, if the pollution concentration increases, it indicates that these suspended particles may carry pollutants.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects that: in the multi-basin water environment pollution emergency protection system and method based on three-dimensional GIS provided by the present application, by constructing a basin database, accurately dividing water quality monitoring areas, and laying out sensors, comprehensive monitoring is realized, and a reliable data basis is provided; the unified data collection cycle ensures data consistency and accuracy, which helps to analyze the water quality changes in different regions in depth; the change degree and diffusion degree of different monitoring areas are calculated to quickly identify potential pollution events and provide scientific basis for timely emergency; the calculation of comprehensive pollution index and the early warning mechanism improve the multi-basin emergency response capability, help relevant departments to respond quickly, avoid the spread of pollution events, and thus effectively protect water resources and ecological environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0053] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, together with the embodiments of the present application, to explain the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the present application.

[0054] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the multi-basin water environment pollution emergency protection system based on three-dimensional GIS of the present application;

[0055] Figure 2 is a step schematic diagram of the multi-basin water environment pollution emergency protection method based on three-dimensional GIS of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] With reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 1 In the first embodiment, a three-dimensional GIS-based multi-basin water environmental pollution emergency protection system is provided, which comprises a basin data construction module, a data acquisition unification module, a pollution assessment analysis module and a comprehensive pollution index calculation module.

[0058] The basin data construction module: uses three-dimensional GIS technology to construct a basin database; evenly divides the basin into I water quality monitoring areas, arranges water quality sensors and pollution concentration sensors, and obtains average pollution concentration data.

[0059] The data acquisition unification module: obtains turbidity data collected by the water quality sensors; unifies the data acquisition period, and respectively records the turbidity data as period turbidity data and the average pollution concentration data as average pollution concentration period data.

[0060] The pollution assessment analysis module: calculates the variation degree of the period turbidity data between different water quality monitoring areas and the diffusion degree of the average pollution concentration period data between different water quality monitoring areas at the same data acquisition period node; designs a pollution index based on the variation degree and the diffusion degree.

[0061] The comprehensive pollution index calculation module: calculates the comprehensive pollution index of the basin at different data acquisition period nodes; based on the comprehensive pollution index, calculates the comprehensive pollution index difference value and the correlation degree between different basins; presets a threshold value, analyzes and outputs an emergency protection warning.

[0062] Further, the basin data construction module comprises a water quality monitoring area division unit and an average pollution concentration data acquisition unit.

[0063] The water quality monitoring area division unit: uses three-dimensional GIS technology to construct a basin database; evenly divides the basin into I water quality monitoring areas, and arranges one water quality sensor in each water quality monitoring area, wherein the water quality sensor is used to detect turbidity data of the basin and construct a water quality sensor set.

[0064] The average pollution concentration data acquisition unit: installs a pollution concentration sensor in the water quality monitoring area, wherein the pollution concentration sensor is used to monitor pollution concentration data of the basin and acquire average pollution concentration data in the water quality monitoring area.

[0065] Further, the data acquisition uniform module comprises a turbidity data acquisition unit and a data acquisition cycle setting unit.

[0066] The turbidity data acquisition unit acquires turbidity data collected by the water quality sensor.

[0067] The data acquisition cycle setting unit sets a uniform data acquisition cycle, and synchronously acquires turbidity data and average pollution concentration data collected by each water quality sensor in the same data acquisition cycle. At a tth data acquisition cycle node, the turbidity data collected by the water quality sensor is recorded as period turbidity data, and the average pollution concentration data in the water quality monitoring area is recorded as average pollution concentration period data.

[0068] Further, the pollution evaluation and analysis module comprises a variation and diffusion degree calculation unit and a pollution index calculation unit.

[0069] The variation and diffusion degree calculation unit calculates variation of the period turbidity data between different water quality monitoring areas at the tth data acquisition cycle node.

[0070] The variation and diffusion degree calculation unit calculates variation of the period turbidity data between different water quality monitoring areas at the tth data acquisition cycle node.

[0071] The pollution index calculation unit designs a pollution index based on the variation and diffusion degree at the tth data acquisition cycle node.

[0072] Further, the comprehensive pollution index calculation module comprises a correlation degree calculation unit and an analysis and early warning unit.

[0073] The correlation degree calculation unit calculates comprehensive pollution indexes of the river basin at different data acquisition cycle nodes, calculates difference values of the comprehensive pollution indexes between different river basins based on the comprehensive pollution indexes of the river basin, and calculates correlation degrees between different river basins based on the difference values of the comprehensive pollution indexes.

[0074] The analysis and early warning unit presets a correlation degree threshold value, determines that there is a correlation relationship between the river basins if the correlation degrees between different river basins are greater than the correlation degree threshold value, presets a comprehensive pollution index threshold value, determines that there is water environmental pollution in the river basin if the comprehensive pollution index of the river basin is greater than the comprehensive pollution index threshold value, and performs emergency protection and early warning on all river basins having the correlation relationship with the river basin.

[0075] Please refer to Figure 2 In the second embodiment, a three-dimensional GIS-based multi-river basin water environmental pollution emergency protection method is provided, which comprises the following steps:

[0076] Step S1: using three-dimensional GIS technology, constructing a watershed database; dividing the watershed into I water quality monitoring areas, arranging water quality sensors and pollution concentration sensors, and obtaining average pollution concentration data.

[0077] Specifically, using three-dimensional GIS technology, a watershed database is constructed, denoted as , wherein represents the a-th watershed, A represents the total number of watersheds; the watersheds are divided into I water quality monitoring areas, denoted as , wherein i represents the water quality monitoring area number, and one water quality sensor is arranged in one water quality monitoring area, the water quality sensor is used to detect the turbidity data of the watershed, and a water quality sensor set is constructed , wherein represents the water quality sensor in the water quality monitoring area , and I represents the total number of water quality sensors.

[0078] Further, a pollution concentration sensor is installed in the water quality monitoring area , the pollution concentration sensor is used to monitor the pollution concentration data of the watershed, the average pollution concentration data in the water quality monitoring area is obtained, denoted as .

[0079] Step S2: obtaining turbidity data collected by the water quality sensor; unifying the data collection period, and respectively denoting the turbidity data as period turbidity data and the average pollution concentration data as average pollution concentration period data.

[0080] Specifically, the turbidity data collected by the water quality sensor is obtained, denoted as ; the data collection period is unified, and the turbidity data and the average pollution concentration data collected by each water quality sensor are synchronously obtained in the same data collection period, at the t-th data collection period node, the turbidity data collected by the water quality sensor is respectively denoted as period turbidity data , and the average pollution concentration data in the water quality monitoring area is denoted as average pollution concentration period data .

[0081] Step S3: calculating the variation degree of the period turbidity data between different water quality monitoring areas and the diffusion degree of the average pollution concentration period data between different water quality monitoring areas at the same data collection period node; designing a pollution index based on the variation degree and the diffusion degree.

[0082] ​Specifically, the periodic turbidity data at the tth data collection cycle node is calculated The variation degree between different water quality monitoring areas is calculated according to the following formula:

[0083] ;

[0084] Among them, The periodic turbidity data at the tth data collection cycle node is calculated The variation degree between different water quality monitoring areas is calculated according to the following formula:

[0085] For example, assuming that at the 1st data collection cycle node, there are 3 water quality monitoring areas, i.e. I = 3, and the periodic turbidity data in the watershed , , , , the variation degree is obtained by substituting the formula .

[0086] Further, the average pollution concentration periodic data at the tth data collection cycle node is calculated The diffusion degree between different water quality monitoring areas is calculated according to the following formula:

[0087] ;

[0088] Among them, The average pollution concentration periodic data at the tth data collection cycle node is calculated The diffusion degree between different water quality monitoring areas is calculated according to the following formula:

[0089] For example, assuming that at the 1st data collection cycle node, the average pollution concentration periodic data is , , , the diffusion degree is obtained by substituting the formula .

[0090] Further, based on the variation degree and the diffusion degree at the tth data collection cycle node, the pollution index is designed, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0091] ;

[0092] Among them, The pollution index is represented by and The influence factors of the preset variation degree and diffusion degree.

[0093] For example, assuming that at the 1st data collection cycle node, the influence factors of the variation degree and the diffusion degree are and The values ​​are 0.6 and 0.7 respectively. Substituting these values ​​into the formula yields the pollution index.

[0094] Step S4: Calculate the comprehensive pollution index of the watershed at different data collection cycle nodes; based on the comprehensive pollution index, calculate the difference and correlation of the comprehensive pollution index between different watersheds; preset threshold, analyze and output emergency protection early warning.

[0095] Specifically, computing watersheds The comprehensive pollution index at different data collection periods is calculated using the following formula:

[0096] ;

[0097] in, Represents watershed The comprehensive pollution index at different data collection cycle nodes, where T represents the total number of data collection cycles.

[0098] For example, suppose the total number of data collection cycles is 4, that is, T is 4. , , Known Substituting into the formula yields the comprehensive pollution index. .

[0099] Furthermore, based on the watershed The comprehensive pollution index is used to calculate the watershed. With the basin The difference in the comprehensive pollution index between the two is calculated using the following formula:

[0100] ;

[0101] in, Represents watershed With the basin The difference in the comprehensive pollution index between them.

[0102] For example, suppose a watershed Comprehensive pollution index Substituting into the formula yields the comprehensive pollution index difference value. .

[0103] Furthermore, based on the differences in the comprehensive pollution index... Calculate the watershed With the basin The correlation between them is calculated using the following formula:

[0104] ;

[0105] in, Represents watershed correlation degree between the river basin and the river basin represents the maximum comprehensive pollution index difference value between all river basins.

[0106] For example, assuming that the maximum comprehensive pollution index difference value between all river basins is 0.1, the correlation degree is obtained by substituting the formula .

[0107] A preset correlation degree threshold θ is set, if , it is determined that the river basin and the river basin have a correlation relationship.

[0108] A preset comprehensive pollution index threshold is set, if , it is determined that the river basin has water environmental pollution, and all river basins having a correlation relationship with the river basin are subjected to emergency protection and early warning.

[0109] For example, assuming that the correlation degree threshold θ is 0.5, the comprehensive pollution index threshold is 0.1, then , and , it is determined that the river basin has water environmental pollution, and the river basin is subjected to emergency protection and early warning.

[0110] It should be noted that the relationship terms such as first and second in the present text are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between the entities or operations. Moreover, the term “includes”, “contains” or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or equipment.

[0111] Finally, it should be noted that the above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, and those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement to some technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-basin water environmental pollution emergency protection system based on three-dimensional GIS, characterized in that, The system comprises a river basin data construction module, a data acquisition uniform module, a pollution assessment analysis module and a comprehensive pollution index calculation module. The river basin data construction module: uses three-dimensional GIS technology to construct a river basin database; evenly divides the river basin into I water quality monitoring areas, arranges water quality sensors and pollution concentration sensors, and obtains average pollution concentration data; The data acquisition uniform module: obtains turbidity data collected by the water quality sensor; unifies the data acquisition period, and records the turbidity data as period turbidity data and the average pollution concentration data as average pollution concentration period data, respectively; The pollution assessment analysis module: calculates the variation degree of the period turbidity data between different water quality monitoring areas and the diffusion degree of the average pollution concentration period data between different water quality monitoring areas at the same data acquisition period node; designs a pollution index based on the variation degree and the diffusion degree; The comprehensive pollution index calculation module: calculates the comprehensive pollution index of the river basin at different data acquisition period nodes; calculates the comprehensive pollution index difference value and the correlation degree between different river basins based on the comprehensive pollution index; presets a threshold value, analyzes and outputs an emergency protection warning; The comprehensive pollution index calculation module comprises a correlation degree calculation unit and an analysis and warning unit; The correlation degree calculation unit: calculates the comprehensive pollution index of the river basin at different data acquisition period nodes; calculates the comprehensive pollution index difference value between different river basins based on the comprehensive pollution index of the river basin, and calculates the correlation degree between different river basins based on the comprehensive pollution index difference value; The analysis and warning unit: presets a correlation degree threshold value, and if the correlation degree between different river basins is greater than the correlation degree threshold value, it is determined that there is a correlation between the river basins; a comprehensive pollution index threshold value is preset, and if the comprehensive pollution index of the river basin is greater than the comprehensive pollution index threshold value, it is determined that the river basin has water environmental pollution, and all river basins having a correlation with the river basin are subjected to emergency protection warning. 2.The three-dimensional GIS based multi-basin water environmental pollution emergency protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The river basin data construction module comprises a water quality monitoring area division unit and an average pollution concentration data acquisition unit; The water quality monitoring area division unit: uses three-dimensional GIS technology to construct a river basin database; evenly divides the river basin into I water quality monitoring areas, and arranges one water quality sensor in each water quality monitoring area, wherein the water quality sensor is used to detect turbidity data of the river basin and construct a water quality sensor set; The average pollution concentration data acquisition unit: installs a pollution concentration sensor in the water quality monitoring area, wherein the pollution concentration sensor is used to monitor pollution concentration data of the river basin and obtain average pollution concentration data in the water quality monitoring area. 3.The three-dimensional GIS-based multi-basin water environmental pollution emergency protection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data acquisition uniform module comprises a turbidity data acquisition unit and a data acquisition period setting unit; The turbidity data acquisition unit: obtains turbidity data collected by the water quality sensor; The data collection cycle setting unit: unifies the data collection cycle, synchronously acquires the turbidity data and the average pollution concentration data collected by each water quality sensor in the same data collection cycle, records the turbidity data collected by the water quality sensor as period turbidity data at the tth data collection cycle node, and records the average pollution concentration data in the water quality monitoring area as average pollution concentration period data.

4. The three-dimensional GIS-based multi-basin water environmental pollution emergency protection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pollution evaluation analysis module includes a variation degree and diffusion degree calculation unit and a pollution index calculation unit; The variation degree and diffusion degree calculation unit: calculates the variation degree of the period turbidity data between different water quality monitoring areas at the tth data collection cycle node; calculates the diffusion degree of the average pollution concentration period data between different water quality monitoring areas at the tth data collection cycle node; The pollution index calculation unit: designs a pollution index based on the variation degree and the diffusion degree at the tth data collection cycle node.

5. The method for multi-basin water environmental pollution emergency protection based on three-dimensional GIS, applied to the system for multi-basin water environmental pollution emergency protection based on three-dimensional GIS according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step S1: using three-dimensional GIS technology, constructing a watershed database; dividing the watershed into I water quality monitoring areas, arranging water quality sensors and pollution concentration sensors, and acquiring average pollution concentration data; Step S2: acquiring turbidity data collected by the water quality sensor; unifying the data collection cycle, recording the turbidity data as period turbidity data and the average pollution concentration data as average pollution concentration period data, respectively; Step S3: calculating the variation degree of the period turbidity data between different water quality monitoring areas and the diffusion degree of the average pollution concentration period data between different water quality monitoring areas at the same data collection cycle node; designing a pollution index based on the variation degree and the diffusion degree; Step S4: calculating the comprehensive pollution index of the watershed at different data collection cycle nodes; based on the comprehensive pollution index, calculating the comprehensive pollution index difference value and the correlation degree between different watersheds; presetting a threshold value, analyzing and outputting an emergency protection early warning. 6.The method of claim 5, wherein, The specific implementation process of step S1 comprises: Using three-dimensional GIS technology, a basin database is constructed, denoted as wherein, represents the a-th basin, A represents the total number of basins; the basins are uniformly divided into I water quality monitoring areas, denoted as wherein, i represents the water quality monitoring area number, and one water quality sensor is arranged in one water quality monitoring area, the water quality sensor is used to detect the turbidity data of the basin, and a water quality sensor set is constructed wherein, represents the water quality sensor in the water quality monitoring area , and I represents the total number of water quality sensors; In the water quality monitoring area A pollution concentration sensor is installed inside to monitor the pollution concentration data of the river basin, obtain the average pollution concentration data in the water quality monitoring area , denoted as . 7.The method of claim 6, wherein, The specific implementation process of step S2 comprises: Water quality sensor The turbidity data collected by the water quality sensor is recorded as ; the data collection period is unified, and the turbidity data collected by each water quality sensor is synchronously acquired in the same data collection period and the average pollution concentration data At the tth data collection period node, the turbidity data collected by the water quality sensor is recorded as the period turbidity data , and the average pollution concentration data in the water quality monitoring area is recorded as the average pollution concentration period data . ​ 8.The method of claim 7, wherein, The specific implementation process of step S3 comprises: The periodic turbidity data at the tth data collection cycle node is calculated The variation degree between different water quality monitoring areas is calculated by the following formula: ； wherein, represents the periodic turbidity data at the tth data collection cycle node the degree of change between different water quality monitoring areas; The average pollution concentration period data at the tth data collection cycle node is calculated The diffusion degree between different water quality monitoring areas is calculated according to the following formula: ； wherein, represents the average pollution concentration period data at the tth data collection cycle node diffusion degree between different water quality monitoring areas; Designing a pollution index based on the variation degree and the diffusion degree at the tth data collection cycle node, and the calculation formula is as follows: ； wherein, represents a pollution index, and represents a preset influence factor of the degree of change and the degree of diffusion. 9.The method of claim 8, wherein, The specific implementation process of step S4 comprises: Computing the flow basin The comprehensive pollution index of different data collection cycle nodes is calculated according to the following formula: ； wherein, indicates the river basin The comprehensive pollution index of different data collection cycle nodes, T represents the total number of data collection cycles; Based on the comprehensive pollution index of the river basin , the difference value of the comprehensive pollution index between the river basin and the river basin is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows: ； wherein, represents the difference value of the comprehensive pollution index between the river basin and the river basin ; Based on the comprehensive pollution index difference value , the correlation between the basin and the basin is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows: ； wherein, represents the correlation degree between the river basin and the river basin , and represents the maximum comprehensive pollution index difference value between all river basins; A preset correlation degree threshold θ is set, and if , it is determined that there is a correlation between the flow field and the flow field . Pre-set comprehensive pollution index threshold If , it is determined that there is water environmental pollution in the river basin , and all river basins having a correlation relationship with the river basin are subjected to emergency protection and early warning.

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