Welding device with angle adjustment function for fabricated building

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of plasma welding devices, in particular to an assembled welding device with an angle adjusting function for assembled buildings. The welding device comprises a rack, a shearing type position adjusting mechanism arranged on the rack, at least three welding mechanisms mounted on the shearing type position adjusting mechanism and used for synchronously adjusting the distance between two welding mechanisms, a welding frame in sliding connection with the rack, a first air blowing pipe and a front visual detection module sequentially mounted on the welding frame from front to back, two sliding seats in sliding connection with the welding frame, a hanging shaft connected with the shearing type position adjusting mechanism and arranged on the two sliding seats, an angle adjusting frame in rotary connection with the welding frame, and a laser preheating gun, a welding gun, a second air blowing pipe and a rear visual detection module sequentially arranged on the angle adjusting frame. The welding device has the beneficial effect that the shearing type position adjusting mechanism and the angle adjusting system are linked to realize the collaborative and synchronous adjustment of the distance between the multiple welding mechanisms and the angle of the welding gun.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plasma welding equipment technology, specifically to a welding device for prefabricated buildings with angle adjustment function. Background Technology

[0002] Prefabricated buildings, with their advantages of standardized component production and efficient on-site assembly, have become the mainstream development direction of the construction industry. For prefabricated buildings, various types of welding devices have emerged in the existing technology. For example, the patent document with publication number CN119952333A discloses a welding device for steel bars of prefabricated building components. The device, through the cooperation of the conveying mechanism and the unloading mechanism, compared with the existing dual-station alternating processing mode, can not only realize the fully automatic adaptive positioning and placement of horizontal and vertical steel bars, but also adaptively adjust the placement density of horizontal and vertical steel bars according to the load-bearing requirements of the required steel mesh.

[0003] In existing prefabricated buildings, the core load-bearing components such as steel structure beams and column joints often need to be connected by multi-station welding. These components usually have three or more weld points. This requires not only that each welding organization can flexibly adjust the spacing according to the component size to adapt to different specifications of workpieces, but also that all welding gun angles be completely consistent to ensure that the weld bead formation of each weld point is uniform and the penetration depth meets the standard.

[0004] However, the aforementioned welding device still faces numerous technical challenges in the coordinated adjustment of multiple welding mechanisms, as detailed below:

[0005] The existing welding equipment cannot achieve synchronized adjustment of the spacing between multiple welding mechanisms and the synchronous adjustment of the welding torch angle, and the adjustment accuracy is seriously insufficient. The existing welding equipment requires manual operation in the pretreatment cleaning and quality inspection stages, which is prone to introducing errors, resulting in increased welding defect rate and slowed production pace. At the same time, the existing welding equipment mostly adopts a single-rotation constant cleaning cycle method when cleaning welding slag, resulting in insufficient cleaning efficiency and cleaning intensity.

[0006] Based on this, the present invention provides a welding device for prefabricated buildings with angle adjustment function to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a welding device for prefabricated buildings with angle adjustment function. This solves the problems of the inability to coordinate the synchronous adjustment of the spacing between multiple welding mechanisms and the synchronous adjustment of the welding torch angle in existing welding devices, and the serious lack of adjustment accuracy. Traditional devices require manual operation in pretreatment cleaning and quality inspection, which is prone to introducing errors, resulting in increased welding defect rate and slowed production pace. At the same time, existing welding devices mostly use a single-rotation constant cleaning cycle method when cleaning welding slag, resulting in insufficient cleaning efficiency and cleaning intensity.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a welding device for prefabricated buildings with angle adjustment function, including a frame, a scissor-type adjustment mechanism on the frame, at least three welding mechanisms are installed on the frame, and the distance between two welding mechanisms is adjusted synchronously.

[0009] The welding mechanism includes a welding frame that is slidably connected to the frame. A first air blow pipe and a front vision inspection module are installed on the welding frame from front to back. Two slides are slidably connected to the welding frame. A hanging shaft connected to a scissor-type adjustment mechanism is installed on each of the two slides. An angle adjustment frame is rotatably connected to the welding frame. A laser preheating gun, a welding gun, a second air blow pipe, and a rear vision inspection module are installed on the angle adjustment frame in sequence.

[0010] It also includes an angle adjustment system for synchronous adjustment of the angle of the angle adjustment frame and a second motor mounted on the frame;

[0011] The frame is rotatably mounted with a first rotating wheel, a second rotating wheel, and a second splined shaft. Both the first and second rotating wheels are driven by a second motor. A torsion spring is provided at the rotatable connection between the second splined shaft and the frame. The first rotating wheel has three alternating first tooth segments and a torque reset segment distributed axially. A reciprocating gear is mounted on the second splined shaft. The three first tooth segments alternately mesh with the reciprocating gear, and the transmission stroke of the three first tooth segments to the reciprocating gear is different. The second rotating wheel has three alternating second tooth segments and a toothless segment distributed circumferentially. A reciprocating frame is slidably connected to the frame, and a return spring is installed between the two. A brush roller that is linked to the second splined shaft is rotatably mounted on the reciprocating frame. A rack plate is mounted on the reciprocating frame. The three second tooth segments alternately mesh with the rack plate, and the transmission stroke of the three second tooth segments to the rack plate is different. The brush roller has four protrusions circumferentially, and the maximum height of the four protrusions is different. Steel wire brush strips are provided on the brush roller and the protrusions.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a microcontroller is installed on the end face of the frame, a welding slag collection tray is movably installed on the frame and at the position corresponding to the bottom of the brush roller, two air source connection pipes are installed on the frame, the first air blowing pipe and the second air blowing pipe are respectively connected to the two air source connection pipes, and the data terminals of the front vision detection module and the rear vision detection module are both connected to the microcontroller.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, it further includes a transmission module installed on the frame. The transmission module is connected to four annular conveyor belts, on which workpieces to be welded are conveyed. A first spline shaft driven by a first motor is rotatably connected to the frame. Each welding frame is provided with an annular clamping belt and two transmission wheels are rotatably installed. Both transmission wheels are connected to the annular clamping belt. A first spline hole that is slidably connected to the first spline shaft is opened at the axial position of one of the transmission wheels. The cross-section of the first spline hole and the first spline shaft are both regular hexagonal.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the scissor-type adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment frame and a telescopic frame slidably connected to the frame. Two adjustment push rods are installed between the adjustment frame and the frame. A set of scissor linkage units are sequentially hinged between the adjustment frame and the telescopic frame. Two parallel shaft tubes are provided at the hinge points of each pair of scissor linkage units. Each hanging shaft is rotatably connected to the corresponding shaft tube. Fixed hinge seats are fixedly mounted on both the adjustment frame and the telescopic frame, and movable hinge seats are slidably connected to them. Both the fixed hinge seats and the movable hinge seats are hinged to the corresponding scissor linkage units. A linear drive module is installed on the adjustment frame, and the linear drive module is drively connected to the movable hinge seat on the adjustment frame.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the angle adjustment system includes a third splined shaft rotatably connected to a frame, a third motor mounted on the side of the frame, the output shaft of the third motor being fixedly connected to the third splined shaft, an angle sleeve rotatably connected to each welding frame, a first bevel gear mounted on the angle sleeve and the angle adjustment frame, two first bevel gears meshing orthogonally, a third splined hole slidably connected to the third splined shaft on the angle sleeve, the cross-section of the third splined hole and the third splined shaft being both regular hexagonal, and an encoder integrated within the third motor.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the welding frame has two sliding grooves, which are slidably connected to two sliding blocks respectively. Limiting springs are installed on the sides of the two sliding blocks, and the other ends of the two limiting springs are slidably connected to the welding frame. Two guide sleeves that are slidably connected to the frame are installed on the welding frame.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the output shaft end of the second motor is connected to a synchronous toothed belt, a long transmission shaft is rotatably mounted on the frame, the long transmission shaft and the first rotating wheel are both connected to the synchronous toothed belt, a second bevel gear is mounted on the long transmission shaft and the second rotating wheel, the two second bevel gears mesh orthogonally, the axes of the first rotating wheel and the second rotating wheel are perpendicular, and the axis of the first rotating wheel is parallel to the axis of the brush roller.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the brush roller has a second spline hole that is slidably connected to the second spline shaft inside, and the cross-sections of the second spline hole and the second spline shaft are both regular hexagonal.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, both the brush roller and the protrusion are made of 440C stainless steel, and the wire brush strips on the brush roller and the protrusion are of the same length.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0022] 1. This invention achieves coordinated and synchronous adjustment of the spacing between multiple welding mechanisms and the angle of the welding torch through the linkage design of the scissor-type positioning mechanism and the angle adjustment system. The scissor-type positioning mechanism uses a ball screw module to drive the scissor fork linkage unit. Through the elastic connection between the hanging shaft and the welding frame, it ensures that at least three welding mechanisms slide synchronously along the linear guide rail. The angle adjustment system achieves synchronous angle adjustment of all angle adjustment frames through the cooperation of the third spline shaft and the regular hexagonal corner sleeve, combined with orthogonal bevel gear transmission. When the two work together, the angle of the welding torch remains consistent throughout the spacing adjustment process. This solves the technical problem that the spacing adjustment and angle adjustment of traditional devices are independent and require individual calibration. It achieves dual consistency of position and angle in multi-station welding of prefabricated building components, improving adjustment efficiency compared to existing technologies.

[0023] 2. This invention integrates four major stages—pre-treatment, welding, inspection, and post-treatment—into an automated closed loop that requires no manual operation. Specifically, in the pre-treatment stage, a first air blowpipe automatically cleans impurities from the welding area using a high-pressure air source. A front vision inspection module acquires surface images and feeds them back to the microcontroller, which automatically identifies the workpiece type and matches welding parameters. In the welding stage, a circular conveyor belt and a circular clamping belt work together to transport and clamp the workpiece. A regular hexagonal first spline shaft ensures synchronous power transmission during welding frame spacing adjustments, preventing workpiece displacement. In the inspection stage, a rear vision inspection module acquires post-weld images in real time, compares them with front vision data, and provides feedback on welding quality, slag quantity, and deformation. The microcontroller automatically adjusts subsequent process parameters. In the post-treatment stage, a second air blowpipe blows away slag under high pressure and assists in cooling. This closed-loop design reduces the welding defect rate and accelerates production compared to traditional manual pre-treatment and inspection methods, solving the problems of errors introduced by manual operation and low production efficiency.

[0024] 3. To address the limitations of traditional single-rotation, constant-cycle welding slag cleaning methods, this invention designs a three-dimensional cleaning system with variable direction, variable cycle, and variable pressure. The first tooth segments of the three different center angles of the first rotor alternately drive the reciprocating gear, causing the brush roller to alternately rotate forward and reverse to clean, covering both sides of the weld and the dead corners of the fusion line, thus improving the coverage compared to unidirectional cleaning. The three second tooth segments of the second rotor mesh with the rack plate, and combined with the return spring, realize the variable stroke control of the reciprocating movement of the brush roller, adapting to the cleaning needs of welding slag of different thicknesses. The four protrusions of different heights on the circumference of the brush roller form differentiated pressure, which, together with the composite movement of the wire brush, ensures thorough removal of thick slag and avoids excessive friction on thin slag. Compared with traditional single-rotation, constant-cycle cleaning, this mechanism reduces the amount of welding slag residue, improves cleaning efficiency, and extends the life of the brush roller. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a welding device for prefabricated buildings with angle adjustment function.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting push rod and the annular clamping belt;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the hanger and slide.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first and second air blowing pipes;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the partial structure at point A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first splined shaft and the transmission module;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C in the middle;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the protrusion and the wire brush strip;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the reciprocating frame and rack plate.

[0035] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0036] 1. Frame; 2. Welding frame; 3. First air blow pipe; 4. Front vision inspection module; 5. Slide; 6. Hanging shaft; 7. Angle adjustment frame; 8. Laser preheating gun; 9. Welding gun; 10. Second air blow pipe; 11. Rear vision inspection module; 12. Second motor; 13. First rotating wheel; 14. Second rotating wheel; 15. Second splined shaft; 16. Torsion spring; 17. First toothed section; 18. Second toothed section; 19. Reciprocating frame; 20. Return spring; 21. Brush roller; 22. Toothed plate; 23. Protrusion; 24. Steel wire brush strip; 25. Microcontroller 26. Welding slag collection tray; 27. Air source connection pipe; 28. Transmission module; 29. ​​Circular conveyor belt; 30. Workpiece to be welded; 31. First splined shaft; 32. Circular clamping belt; 33. Transmission wheel; 34. Adjustment frame; 35. Telescopic frame; 36. Adjustment push rod; 37. Scissor fork linkage unit; 38. Shaft tube; 39. Linear drive module; 40. Third splined shaft; 41. Corner sleeve; 42. Limit spring; 43. Transmission long shaft; 44. First motor; 45. Third motor; 46. Reciprocating gear. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0038] The present invention provides the following preferred embodiments.

[0039] like Figure 1-10 As shown, a welding device for prefabricated buildings with angle adjustment function includes a frame 1, a microcontroller 25 installed on the end face of the frame 1, and a scissor-type adjustment mechanism on the frame 1.

[0040] It is equipped with three welding mechanisms, and the spacing between each pair of welding mechanisms can be adjusted synchronously.

[0041] The welding mechanism includes a welding frame 2 that is slidably connected to the frame 1. Two guide sleeves that are slidably connected to the frame 1 are installed on the welding frame 2. Two linear guide rails are fixed on the frame 1. The guide sleeves, telescopic frame 35 and adjusting frame 34 are all slidably connected to the linear guide rails.

[0042] Along the feeding direction of the workpiece 30 to be welded, the first air blow pipe 3 and the front vision inspection module 4 are installed sequentially from front to back on the welding frame 2;

[0043] Two sliding blocks 5 are slidably connected to the welding frame 2, and each of the two sliding blocks 5 is equipped with a hanging shaft 6 that is connected to the scissor-type adjustment mechanism.

[0044] The welding frame 2 has two sliding grooves, which are slidably connected to two sliding blocks 5 respectively. Limiting springs 42 are installed on the side of each of the two sliding blocks 5, and the other end of each of the two limiting springs 42 is slidably connected to the welding frame 2.

[0045] When the scissor-type positioning mechanism drives the welding mechanism to adjust the spacing, the welding frame 2 slides linearly along the linear guide rail on the frame 1 through the guide sleeve, which effectively avoids lateral displacement during the movement of the welding mechanism and ensures the coaxiality and accuracy of the positioning of multiple welding mechanisms.

[0046] The restoring force of the limit spring 42 can ensure that the hanging shaft 6 always maintains a stable rotational connection with the shaft tube 38 of the scissor-type adjustment mechanism, avoiding deviations in the synchronous adjustment of multiple welding mechanisms due to loose connection, and ultimately achieving positional consistency during multi-station welding of prefabricated building components, reducing welding defects caused by adjustment errors.

[0047] It also includes a transmission module 28 mounted on the frame 1. The transmission module 28 is connected to four annular conveyor belts 29, which convey workpieces 30 to be welded. The frame 1 is rotatably connected to a first spline shaft 31 driven by a first motor 44. Each welding frame 2 is provided with an annular clamping belt 32 and two transmission wheels 33 are rotatably mounted on it. Both transmission wheels 33 are connected to the annular clamping belt 32. A first spline hole is opened at the axis position of one transmission wheel 33, which is slidably connected to the first spline shaft 31. The cross-section of the first spline hole and the first spline shaft 31 are both regular hexagonal.

[0048] After the workpiece 30 to be welded is placed on the four annular conveyor belts 29, the transmission module 28 drives the annular conveyor belts 29 to smoothly transport the workpiece 30 to the welding station. At the same time, the first motor 44 drives the first spline shaft 31 to rotate. Since the first spline shaft 31 and the regular hexagonal first spline hole of the transmission wheel 33 are sliding fit structures, the transmission wheel 33 can rotate synchronously with the first spline shaft 31 to drive the annular clamping belt 32 to clamp the workpiece, and can also slide along the first spline shaft 31 axially with the welding mechanism to realize the coordinated action of conveying, clamping and following adjustment.

[0049] The dual clamping and conveying design ensures that the workpiece does not shift during the welding process, while the regular hexagonal spline connection takes into account both the reliability of power transmission and the flexibility of adjustment. No manual assistance is required to adjust the position of the workpiece, which greatly improves the automation level of feeding and the stability of conveying, laying the foundation for subsequent precise welding.

[0050] The scissor-type adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment frame 34 and a telescopic frame 35 slidably connected to the frame 1. Two adjustment push rods 36 are installed between the adjustment frame 34 and the frame 1. A set of scissor linkage units 37 are sequentially hinged between the adjustment frame 34 and the telescopic frame 35. Two parallel shaft tubes 38 are provided at the hinge points of each pair of scissor linkage units 37. Each hanging shaft 6 is rotatably connected to the corresponding shaft tube 38. Fixed hinge seats are fixedly mounted on the adjustment frame 34 and the telescopic frame 35, and movable hinge seats are slidably connected to them. Both the fixed hinge seats and the movable hinge seats are hinged to the corresponding scissor linkage units 37. A linear drive module 39 is installed on the adjustment frame 34, and the linear drive module 39 is drively connected to the movable hinge seat on the adjustment frame 34.

[0051] The linear drive module 39 is a ball screw module with a lead of 5-10mm and a positioning accuracy of ±0.02mm.

[0052] When it is necessary to adjust the spacing of multiple welding mechanisms to adapt to prefabricated components of different sizes, the linear drive module 39 drives the movable hinge seat on the adjustment frame 34 to slide, which drives the scissor link unit 37 to expand or retract. The telescopic frame 35 moves synchronously with the scissor link unit 37, and then drives all welding mechanisms to achieve synchronous spacing adjustment through the shaft tube 38 and the hanging shaft 6, avoiding the tedious operation of adjusting the welding mechanisms one by one in the traditional device.

[0053] The adjustment push rod 36 can drive the adjustment frame 34 to slide along the frame 1, thereby realizing the overall position adjustment of the scissor-type adjustment mechanism, expanding the welding coverage of the device, and adapting to the welding needs of components of different lengths.

[0054] The ball screw module balances adjustment speed and accuracy, ensuring high efficiency in pitch adjustment while avoiding weld misalignment caused by pitch deviation. The linkage structure of the scissor linkage unit 37 ensures the consistency of adjustment of at least three welding mechanisms, significantly improving the efficiency and quality stability of multi-station welding in prefabricated buildings.

[0055] The ball screw module integrates an electronically controlled encoder component, which enables precise control and adjustment of the degree of expansion or contraction of the scissor link unit 37, thereby achieving synchronous adjustment of the spacing between the two welding mechanisms.

[0056] An angle adjustment frame 7 is rotatably connected to the welding frame 2. Along the feeding direction of the workpiece 30 to be welded, the angle adjustment frame 7 is sequentially equipped with a laser preheating gun 8, a welding gun 9, a second air blowpipe 10, and a rear vision inspection module 11.

[0057] The first air blow pipe 3 and the second air blow pipe 10 are respectively connected to two air source connection pipes 27. Two air source connection pipes 27 are installed on the frame 1. During operation, both air source connection pipes 27 are connected to an external high-pressure air pump, which provides a high-pressure clean air source.

[0058] The first air blowpipe 3 is used to clean residual impurities at the welding position of the workpiece 30 to be welded before front visual inspection and welding.

[0059] The second air blowpipe 10 is used to assist in the cooling of welding slag and to achieve high-pressure removal of welding slag;

[0060] The welding torch 9 uses plasma arc welding with a rated current of 100-300A.

[0061] The data terminals of both the front vision detection module 4 and the rear vision detection module 11 are connected to the microcontroller 25.

[0062] The front vision inspection module 4 is used to acquire surface feature images of the position to be welded before welding and to feed back signals. The rear vision inspection module 11 is used to detect the image of the position to be welded after welding. By comparing the data of the front vision inspection module 4 and the rear vision inspection module 11, the welding quality, the amount of weld slag, and the amount of deformation of the workpiece 30 to be welded after welding are fed back.

[0063] Based on the visual feedback from the front vision detection module 4, the microcontroller 25 adjusts the rotation speed of the transmission module 28 and the first spline shaft 31, thereby adjusting the air blowing time of the workpiece 30 to be welded. At the same time, based on the visual feedback from the front vision detection module 4, the microcontroller 25 identifies the type of the workpiece 30 to be welded and matches the specified welding parameters with the database built into the microcontroller 25 to synchronously adjust the angles of multiple angle adjustment frames 7.

[0064] The microcontroller 25 adjusts the speed of the second motor 12 based on the data feedback from the rear vision detection module 11;

[0065] The solution constructs a fully automated closed loop for pretreatment, welding, post-treatment, and quality inspection: before the workpiece enters the welding station, the first air blowing pipe 3 blows away the dust, rust and other impurities at the position to be welded through a high-pressure air source to avoid impurities causing welding porosity or reducing welding quality.

[0066] The front vision inspection module 4 acquires images of the position to be welded and feeds them back to the microcontroller 25. The microcontroller 25 has a built-in image recognition algorithm. Through contour matching and weld feature extraction, it can automatically identify the workpiece type and match the optimal welding parameters from the built-in database. Welding parameters include, but are not limited to, welding torch angle 9 and laser preheating temperature.

[0067] After the microcontroller 25 matches the optimal welding parameters from the built-in database, it simultaneously adjusts the rotation speed of the transmission module 28 and the first spline shaft 31 to ensure that the workpiece conveying speed matches the air blowing and preheating time, thus avoiding welding cracks caused by insufficient preheating.

[0068] After welding is completed, the second air blow pipe 10 quickly blows away the welding slag and assists in cooling the weld. The rear vision inspection module 11 collects the post-weld image and compares it with the front vision image to judge the welding quality, the amount of welding slag residue and the amount of workpiece deformation. When there is a lot of welding slag residue, the speed of the second motor 12 is automatically adjusted to increase the cleaning intensity of the brush roller 21.

[0069] This integrated design solves the problems of delayed preheating, untimely cleaning, and reliance on manual quality inspection in traditional welding. It is especially suitable for the high-precision welding requirements of steel structure components in prefabricated buildings, reducing manual intervention and lowering labor costs while improving the welding qualification rate.

[0070] It also includes an angle adjustment system for synchronous adjustment of the angle of the angle adjustment frame 7 and a second motor 12 mounted on the frame 1;

[0071] The angle adjustment system includes a third splined shaft 40 rotatably connected to the frame 1, a third motor 45 mounted on the side of the frame 1, the output shaft end of the third motor 45 being fixedly connected to the third splined shaft 40, an angle sleeve 41 rotatably connected to each welding frame 2, a first bevel gear mounted on the angle sleeve 41 and the angle adjustment frame 7, the two first bevel gears meshing orthogonally, a third spline hole slidably connected to the third splined shaft 40 on the angle sleeve 41, the cross-section of the third spline hole and the third splined shaft 40 being regular hexagonal, and an encoder integrated inside the third motor 45;

[0072] The angle adjustment system achieves synchronous angle adjustment of the multiple angle adjustment frames 7 through the transmission structure of the third splined shaft 40, the angle sleeve 41, and the bevel gear:

[0073] When the third motor 45 drives the third spline shaft 40 to rotate, the sliding fit between the regular hexagonal third spline hole and the spline shaft ensures that all corner sleeves 41 rotate synchronously without angular difference. At the same time, it allows the corner sleeves 41 to slide along the spline shaft with the welding mechanism, perfectly matching the spacing adjustment action of the scissor-type adjustment mechanism, and solving the problem of asynchronous angle adjustment of traditional multi-welding mechanisms and the need for individual calibration.

[0074] The first bevel gear with orthogonal meshing achieves a 90° change in the power direction, making the rotation axis of the angle adjustment bracket 7 perpendicular to the spline shaft axis, which greatly reduces the space occupied by the mechanism and adapts to the integrated design requirements of the assembly welding device;

[0075] The encoder built into the third motor 45 can provide real-time feedback on the rotation angle. Combined with the microcontroller 25, it can achieve an angle adjustment accuracy of ±0.5°, avoiding the error of manual angle adjustment and ensuring the consistency of welding angles in multiple stations. It is especially suitable for welding symmetrical components or multi-weld-point components in prefabricated buildings, ensuring uniform mechanical properties of each weld point.

[0076] A first rotating wheel 13, a second rotating wheel 14, and a second splined shaft 15 are rotatably mounted on the frame 1. Both the first rotating wheel 13 and the second rotating wheel 14 are driven by the second motor 12. A torsion spring 16 is provided at the rotatable connection between the second splined shaft 15 and the frame 1. One end of the torsion spring 16 is snapped and fixed to the frame 1, and the other end of the torsion spring 16 is snapped to the shoulder of the second splined shaft 15.

[0077] The output shaft of the second motor 12 is connected to a synchronous toothed belt. A long transmission shaft 43 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1. Both the long transmission shaft 43 and the first rotating wheel 13 are connected to the synchronous toothed belt. A second bevel gear is mounted on both the long transmission shaft 43 and the second rotating wheel 14. The two second bevel gears mesh orthogonally. The axes of the first rotating wheel 13 and the second rotating wheel 14 are perpendicular. The axis of the first rotating wheel 13 is parallel to the axis of the brush roller 21.

[0078] The first wheel 13 has three first tooth segments 17 and a torque reset segment distributed alternately in the axial direction. A reciprocating gear 46 is installed on the second spline shaft 15. The three first tooth segments 17 alternately mesh with the reciprocating gear 46, and the transmission stroke of the three first tooth segments 17 to the reciprocating gear 46 is different.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment, the center angles corresponding to the three first tooth segments 17 are 50°, 70° and 90°, respectively, and the center angles corresponding to the three torque reset segments are all 50°.

[0080] The transmission strokes of the three first tooth segments 17 are 10mm, 15mm, and 20mm, respectively.

[0081] The radius of the rotor 13 is 10 times the radius of the reciprocating gear 46;

[0082] The existing slag cleaning methods, such as unidirectional rotating brush roller 21 and fixed cycle cleaning, have the following problems: the weld structure is complex, unidirectional cleaning can only act on a single contact surface, slag is easy to accumulate in dead corners, and the hardness and thickness of the slag are uneven. A single cleaning cycle cannot take into account both the incomplete cleaning of thick slag and the excessive friction of thin slag.

[0083] This solution addresses this problem specifically by using alternating cleaning directions and different durations. The first tooth segment 17 at different center angles on the rotating wheel 13 drives the reciprocating gear 46 to achieve forward and reverse rotation at different angles, which in turn drives the brush roller 21 to alternately change the cleaning direction. This movement can cover areas that cannot be reached by unidirectional cleaning, such as both sides of the weld bead and dead corners of the fusion line, avoiding the problem that the traditional unidirectional brush roller 21 can only sweep away slag on one side and leave dead corner residue. The tooth segments at different center angles correspond to different cleaning durations, and the thorough removal of slag can be ensured by using variable cycle cleaning. Another problem with traditional slag cleaning devices is the local excessive wear of the wire brush strip 24 of the brush roller 21. During unidirectional cleaning, the wire brush strip 24 is only subjected to force in one direction, which is prone to local wire breakage and bristle collapse, causing the brush roller 21 to be scrapped prematurely. Alternating the cleaning direction allows the wire brush strip 24 to bear the friction load evenly on both sides, avoiding local stress concentration in one direction.

[0084] The second impeller 14 has three second toothed sections 18 and a toothless section that are alternately distributed in the circumference. A reciprocating frame 19 is slidably connected to the frame 1, and a return spring 20 is installed between the two.

[0085] In a preferred embodiment, the center angles corresponding to the three second tooth segments 18 are 30°, 50° and 70°, respectively, and the center angles corresponding to the three torque reset segments are all 70°.

[0086] A brush roller 21, which is linked to the second spline shaft 15, is rotatably mounted on the reciprocating frame 19;

[0087] A welding slag collection tray 26 is movably installed on the frame 1 at a position corresponding to the lower part of the brush roller 21;

[0088] The brush roller 21 has a second spline hole that is slidably connected to the second spline shaft 15. The cross-sections of the second spline hole and the second spline shaft 15 are both regular hexagons.

[0089] A rack plate 22 is installed on the reciprocating frame 19. Three second tooth segments 18 alternately mesh with the rack plate 22, and the transmission stroke of the three second tooth segments 18 to the rack plate 22 is different. The brush roller 21 is evenly provided with four protrusions 23 in the circumference, and the maximum height of the four protrusions 23 is different.

[0090] In a preferred embodiment, the maximum heights of the four protrusions 23 are 5mm, 8mm, 10mm, and 12mm, respectively;

[0091] Both the brush roller 21 and the protrusion 23 are provided with steel wire brush strips 24. Both the brush roller 21 and the protrusion 23 are made of 440C stainless steel, and the steel wire brush strips 24 on the brush roller 21 and the protrusion 23 are the same length.

[0092] The wire brush strip 24 is made of high carbon steel wire with a diameter of 0.3mm and a bristle density of 50 bristles / mm².

[0093] The second tooth segment 18 on the rotating wheel 14 with different center angles meshes with the rack plate 22, driving the reciprocating frame 19 to slide back and forth along the frame 1 at different strokes. Combined with the synchronous rotation of the brush roller 21, a composite cleaning action of rotation and reciprocating movement is formed, which effectively covers areas that are difficult to reach by single rotation cleaning, such as weld edges and dead corners, and solves the problem of incomplete cleaning by traditional brush roller 21.

[0094] The brush roller 21 has four protrusions 23 with different maximum heights around its circumference, which allows the wire brush 24 to apply differentiated pressure to the workpiece surface and weld edge. The differentiated pressure is provided in a cyclic manner to ensure thorough cleaning of weld slag at the weld edge. The reciprocating movement of the brush roller 21 ensures uniform use and wear of the wire brush 24, thereby extending the service life of the brush roller 21 and improving the cleaning effect of the wire brush 24.

[0095] The brush roller 21 and the raised part 23 made of 440C stainless steel have excellent resistance to welding slag corrosion and high temperature resistance, which extends the service life of the parts. The welding slag collection tray 26 below realizes the centralized recycling of welding slag, avoids the welding slag from scattering and polluting the workshop environment, reduces the workload of manual cleaning of welding slag, and meets the requirements of clean production.

[0096] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding device for prefabricated buildings with angle adjustment function, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that, The frame (1) is equipped with a scissor-type adjustment mechanism, on which at least three welding mechanisms are installed, and the spacing between the two welding mechanisms is adjusted synchronously. The welding mechanism includes a welding frame (2) that is slidably connected to the frame (1). A first air blow pipe (3) and a front vision inspection module (4) are installed on the welding frame (2) from front to back. Two slides (5) are slidably connected on the welding frame (2). A hanging shaft (6) connected to the scissor-type adjustment mechanism is installed on each of the two slides (5). An angle adjustment frame (7) is rotatably connected on the welding frame (2). A laser preheating gun (8), a welding gun (9), a second air blow pipe (10), and a rear vision inspection module (11) are installed on the angle adjustment frame (7) in sequence. It also includes an angle adjustment system for synchronous adjustment of the angle of the angle adjustment frame (7) and a second motor (12) mounted on the frame (1); Rotary wheel one (13), rotary wheel two (14) and second spline shaft (15) are rotatably mounted on the frame (1). Rotary wheel one (13) and rotary wheel two (14) are both driven by the second motor (12). A torsion spring (16) is provided at the rotatable connection between the second spline shaft (15) and the frame (1). Rotary wheel one (13) has three first tooth segments (17) and a torque reset segment alternately distributed in the axial direction. A reciprocating gear (46) is mounted on the second spline shaft (15). The three first tooth segments (17) alternately mesh with the reciprocating gear (46), and the transmission stroke of the three first tooth segments (17) to the reciprocating gear (46) is different. Rotary wheel two (14) has three second tooth segments (18) and a toothless segment alternately distributed in the circumferential direction. A reciprocating frame (19) is slidably connected on the frame (1), and a return spring (20) is installed between the two. A brush roller (21) linked to the second spline shaft (15) is rotatably mounted on the reciprocating frame (19). A rack plate (22) is mounted on the reciprocating frame (19). Three second tooth segments (18) alternately mesh with the rack plate (22), and the transmission stroke of the three second tooth segments (18) to the rack plate (22) is different. The brush roller (21) has four protrusions (23) in the circumferential direction. The maximum height of the four protrusions (23) is different. Steel wire brush strips (24) are provided on both the brush roller (21) and the protrusions (23). A microcontroller (25) is mounted on the end face of the frame (1). A slag collection tray (26) is movably mounted on the frame (1) at a position corresponding to the bottom of the brush roller (21). Two air source connection pipes (27) are mounted on the frame (1). The first air blowing pipe (3) and the second air blowing pipe (10) are respectively connected to the two air source connection pipes (27). The data terminals of the front vision inspection module (4) and the rear vision inspection module (11) are both connected to the microcontroller (25); it also includes a transmission module (28) installed on the frame (1), the transmission module (28) is connected to four annular conveyor belts (29), the annular conveyor belts (29) convey the workpieces (30) to be welded, the frame (1) is rotatably connected to a first spline shaft (31) driven by a first motor (44), each welding frame (2) is provided with an annular clamping belt (32) and two transmission wheels (33) are rotatably installed, the two transmission wheels (33) are both connected to the annular clamping belt (32), and a first spline hole is opened at the axial position of one of the transmission wheels (33) to slide and connect with the first spline shaft (31), the cross-section of the first spline hole and the first spline shaft (31) are both regular hexagonal; The scissor-type adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment frame (34) and a telescopic frame (35) slidably connected to the frame (1). Two adjustment push rods (36) are installed between the adjustment frame (34) and the frame (1). A set of scissor linkage units (37) are sequentially hinged between the adjustment frame (34) and the telescopic frame (35). Two parallel shaft tubes (38) are provided at the hinge points of each pair of scissor linkage units (37). Each hanging shaft (6) is connected to a corresponding position. The shaft tube (38) is rotatably connected. Fixed hinge seats are fixedly mounted on both the adjustment frame (34) and the telescopic frame (35), and movable hinge seats are slidably connected. Both the fixed and movable hinge seats are hinged to the corresponding scissor linkage unit (37). A linear drive module (39) is mounted on the adjustment frame (34), and the linear drive module (39) is drively connected to the movable hinge seat on the adjustment frame (34). The angle adjustment system includes components rotatably connected to the frame (1). The third spline shaft (40) is mounted on the third spline shaft (40). A third motor (45) is mounted on the side of the frame (1). The output shaft of the third motor (45) is fixedly connected to the third spline shaft (40). An angle sleeve (41) is rotatably connected to each welding frame (2). A first bevel gear is mounted on the angle sleeve (41) and the angle adjustment frame (7). The two first bevel gears mesh orthogonally. A third spline shaft (40) is opened on the angle sleeve (41) and slidably connected to the third spline shaft (40). The cross-sections of the third spline hole and the third spline shaft (40) are both regular hexagons. The encoder is integrated inside the third motor (45). Two sliding grooves are opened on the welding frame (2). The two sliding grooves are slidably connected to the two slide blocks (5) respectively. Limiting springs (42) are installed on the sides of the two slide blocks (5). The other ends of the two limiting springs (42) are slidably connected to the welding frame (2). Two guide sleeves that are slidably connected to the frame (1) are installed on the welding frame (2).

2. The welding device for prefabricated buildings with angle adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output shaft of the second motor (12) is connected to a synchronous toothed belt. A transmission shaft (43) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1). The transmission shaft (43) and the first wheel (13) are both connected to the synchronous toothed belt. A second bevel gear is mounted on the transmission shaft (43) and the second wheel (14). The two second bevel gears mesh orthogonally. The axes of the first wheel (13) and the second wheel (14) are perpendicular. The axis of the first wheel (13) is parallel to the axis of the brush roller (21).

3. The welding device for prefabricated buildings with angle adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The brush roller (21) has a second spline hole that is slidably connected to the second spline shaft (15). The cross-sections of the second spline hole and the second spline shaft (15) are both regular hexagons.

4. The welding device for prefabricated buildings with angle adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the brush roller (21) and the protrusion (23) are made of 440C stainless steel, and the wire brush strips (24) on the brush roller (21) and the protrusion (23) are of the same length.

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