Concrete temperature control system using karst cave water vapor

Abstract

The present application relates to construction technology field, disclose a kind of concrete temperature control system using karst cave water gas, including water intake device, air pressure balancing device, concrete mixing system and composite delivery pipeline.Water intake device is set in karst cave, for collecting water in karst cave;Air pressure balancing device is communicated with the karst cave, for extracting gas in karst cave;Concrete mixing system includes aggregate cooling point and concrete mixing building;Composite delivery pipeline includes nested waterway and air duct;The composite delivery pipeline is connected between the water intake device, air pressure balancing device and the concrete mixing system, for conveying the water body and gas in the karst cave respectively to the aggregate cooling point and concrete mixing building, to cool concrete mixing material and mixing process.The present application realizes efficient cooling to concrete raw material and mixing process, improves the reliability and efficiency of concrete temperature control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction technology, and more specifically to a concrete temperature control system that utilizes water vapor from karst caves. Background Technology

[0002] The underground karst system is highly developed in southwestern my country. The air temperature in water-rich conduit-type karst caves remains stable at 13-15°C year-round, while the water temperature is maintained at 12-18°C. In summer, these caves are at least 10°C lower than the external air temperature and river water temperature, making them a naturally high-quality low-temperature medium. Current engineering treatments of karst caves primarily involve excavating the filling material and replacing it with concrete or directly backfilling, while simultaneously diverting karst water outside the project's impact area. This results in the ineffective utilization of these low-temperature water and gas resources, leading to extremely low resource utilization, especially for water-rich conduit-type karst caves where resource waste is particularly prominent. Currently, the existing utilization of karst cave resources is concentrated in geothermal development and power generation, and has not yet been effectively integrated with the temperature control requirements of concrete.

[0003] With the rapid advancement of large-scale infrastructure construction in Southwest China, such as pumped storage power stations and inter-basin water diversion projects, temperature control of large-volume concrete has become a crucial aspect of project quality management. Existing concrete temperature control measures primarily employ methods such as cold water and flake ice for aggregate pre-cooling and mixing. These methods require complex ice-making, refrigeration, and specialized mixing equipment, resulting in cumbersome processes, high energy consumption, high project cost, and high operation and maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a concrete temperature control system that utilizes water vapor from karst caves to solve the aforementioned problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a concrete temperature control system utilizing water vapor from karst caves, comprising:

[0006] A water collection device is installed inside a karst cave to collect water from the cave.

[0007] A pressure balancing device, connected to the karst cave, is used to extract gas from the karst cave.

[0008] The concrete mixing system includes an aggregate cooling station and a concrete mixing plant;

[0009] And, composite delivery pipelines, which include nested water channels and air channels;

[0010] The composite conveying pipeline connects the water intake device, the air pressure balancing device, and the concrete mixing system, and is used to convey the water and gas to the aggregate cooling point and the concrete mixing plant, respectively, to cool the concrete mix and the mixing process.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, the water intake device includes:

[0012] Concrete plugs are installed at the karst conduits in karst caves;

[0013] A water storage tank is formed inside the karst cave.

[0014] An inlet pipe passes through the concrete plug and connects to the karst pipe and the water storage tank;

[0015] A drain pipe, one end of which passes through the concrete plug and is connected to the karst pipe, and the other end of which extends downstream of the karst pipe;

[0016] Control valves are installed at the outlet of the inlet pipe and in the middle of the outlet pipe.

[0017] In one optional embodiment, the water intake device further includes:

[0018] A flow regulation structure is located downstream of the outlet of the water storage tank. The flow regulation structure has at least one water intake hole, which is connected to the water inlet of the composite conveying pipeline through a water delivery pipe.

[0019] In one optional implementation, the flow regulation structure includes:

[0020] The upper baffle has at least one water intake hole and at least one drain hole.

[0021] Support base plate, fixed to the ground;

[0022] In addition, a connecting hinge and a support structure are connected between the upper baffle and the support base plate, so that the inclination angle of the upper baffle is adjustable to change the capacity of the water storage tank and the outflow of the water intake hole.

[0023] The drain pipe passes through the upper baffle via the drain hole.

[0024] In one optional embodiment, the pressure balancing device includes:

[0025] Gas extraction equipment is installed at the exit of the karst cave;

[0026] The outlet pipe extends into the karst fissures of the karst cave, and its outlet is connected to the gas extraction device and communicates with the gas inlet of the composite delivery pipeline.

[0027] And an air intake pipe, with its inlet located outside the karst cave and its outlet located inside the karst cave, used to balance the air pressure inside and outside the cave.

[0028] In one alternative implementation:

[0029] The composite delivery pipeline includes a composite output pipe, which, from the inside out, includes an inner water channel, a middle air channel, and a first outer water channel.

[0030] The composite delivery pipeline also includes a composite gas delivery pipe, which includes an inner gas channel and a second outer water channel from the inside out. The inner gas channel is connected to the middle gas channel of the composite output pipe, and the second outer water channel is connected to the first outer water channel.

[0031] The outer water channel enhances heat exchange with the intermediate or inner air channel by regulating the internal water flow velocity, thereby reducing the temperature of the transported gas or the water in the inner water channel.

[0032] In one optional embodiment, the aggregate cooling station includes an aggregate stockpile and an aggregate conveyor system, wherein the aggregate conveyor system is disposed between the aggregate stockpile and the concrete mixing plant;

[0033] The inner water channel and the middle air channel of the composite output pipe are respectively connected to the aggregate stockpile and the aggregate conveyor system via a spray device and an air supply device to water cool and air cool the aggregate.

[0034] In one optional embodiment, the concrete mixing system further includes a water storage tank system, which includes a water storage tank body and a steel reinforcement frame.

[0035] The outer wall of the water storage tank is equipped with a ring-shaped steel reinforcement frame to fix the composite output pipe. A side branch pipe is installed at the end of the composite output pipe to connect the inner water channel of the composite output pipe to the water inlet of the water storage tank.

[0036] In one optional embodiment, the concrete mixing system further includes a material tank and a concrete mixing plant air compressor. The composite air supply pipe is led from the composite output pipe and pressurized by the concrete mixing plant air compressor to the water storage tank system, the material tank, and the concrete mixing plant.

[0037] In one alternative embodiment, the aggregate conveyor belt system includes a conveyor belt and a conveyor belt protective cover disposed on the conveyor belt, the conveyor belt protective cover being provided with an angle steel bracket to fix the composite output pipe. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a concrete temperature control system utilizing water vapor from karst caves, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the left side (karst cave side) of the concrete temperature control system that utilizes water vapor from karst caves.

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the right side (concrete system and pouring area) of the concrete temperature control system that utilizes water vapor from karst caves.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upper baffle in a concrete temperature control system utilizing water vapor from karst caves, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the flow regulation structure in a concrete temperature control system utilizing water vapor from karst caves, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a composite conveying pipeline in a concrete temperature control system utilizing water vapor from karst caves, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the water storage tank system in a concrete temperature control system utilizing water vapor from karst caves, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the aggregate conveyor belt system in a concrete temperature control system utilizing water vapor from karst caves, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0048] 1. Existing mountain structure;

[0049] 2. Karst caves;

[0050] 31. Karst fissures; 32. Karst conduits;

[0051] 4. Water intake device; 41. Concrete plug; 42. Reinforcing bar; 43. Control valve; 44. Inlet pipe; 45. Drain pipe; 46. Water storage tank; 47. Flow regulation structure; 48. Water intake hole; 49. Water delivery pipe; 471. Upper baffle; 472. Support plate; 473. Support structure; 474. Fixing bolt; 475. Connecting hinge; 476. Support base plate; 477. Drain hole;

[0052] 5. Pressure balancing device; 51. Gas extraction equipment; 52. Gas outlet pipe; 53. Gas inlet pipe;

[0053] 6. Composite output pipe; 61. Inner water channel; 62. Intermediate air channel; 63. First outer water channel;

[0054] 7. Booster pump;

[0055] 8. Composite gas transmission pipe; 81. Second outer water channel; 82. Inner gas channel

[0056] 10. Aggregate stockpile;

[0057] 11. Aggregate conveyor system; 111. Conveyor belt; 112. Conveyor belt aggregate; 113. Conveyor belt protective cover; 114. Angle steel bracket;

[0058] 12. Water storage tank system; 121. Water storage tank body; 122. Steel reinforcement frame;

[0059] 13. Material tank;

[0060] 14. Concrete mixing plant;

[0061] 15. Concrete mixing plant air compressor;

[0062] 16. Concrete pouring area. Detailed Implementation

[0063] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] The underground karst system is highly developed in southwestern my country. The air temperature in water-rich conduit-type karst caves remains stable at 13-15°C year-round, while the water temperature is maintained at 12-18°C. In summer, these caves are at least 10°C lower than the external air temperature and river water temperature, making them a naturally high-quality low-temperature medium. Current engineering treatments of karst caves primarily involve excavating the filling material and replacing it with concrete or directly backfilling, while simultaneously diverting karst water outside the project's impact area. This results in the ineffective utilization of these low-temperature water and gas resources, leading to extremely low resource utilization, especially for water-rich conduit-type karst caves where resource waste is particularly prominent. Currently, the existing utilization of karst cave resources is concentrated in geothermal development and power generation, and has not yet been effectively integrated with the temperature control requirements of concrete.

[0065] With the rapid advancement of large-scale infrastructure construction in Southwest China, such as pumped storage power stations and inter-basin water diversion projects, temperature control of large-volume concrete has become a crucial aspect of project quality management. Existing concrete temperature control measures primarily employ methods such as cold water and flake ice for aggregate pre-cooling and mixing. These methods require complex ice-making, refrigeration, and specialized mixing equipment, resulting in cumbersome processes, high energy consumption, high project cost, and high operation and maintenance costs.

[0066] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 8 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0067] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a concrete temperature control system utilizing water vapor from karst caves is provided, comprising a water intake device 4, a pressure balancing device 5, a concrete mixing system, and a composite conveying pipeline. The water intake device 4 is installed within a karst cave 2 of an existing mountain 1 to collect water from the cave 2; the pressure balancing device 5 is connected to the karst cave 2 to extract gas from it; the concrete mixing system includes an aggregate cooling point and a concrete mixing tower 14; the composite conveying pipeline includes nested water channels and air channels; the composite conveying pipeline connects the water intake device 4, the pressure balancing device 5, and the concrete mixing system to respectively transport water and gas to the aggregate cooling point and the concrete mixing tower 14 for cooling the concrete raw materials and the mixing process.

[0068] Water intake device 4 is installed inside karst cave 2, which can stably collect water from the cave to provide a continuous liquid cooling medium for the concrete temperature control system. Gas pressure balancing device 5 is connected to karst cave 2 and can effectively extract gas from the cave as a source of gaseous cooling medium. The composite delivery pipeline, with its nested water and gas channels, can achieve synchronous and independent delivery of water and gas. The water channel delivers the water collected by water intake device 4 to the aggregate cooling point of the concrete mixing system and the concrete mixing tower 14, while the gas channel delivers the gas extracted by gas pressure balancing device 5 to the above two locations. In actual operation, the water and gas delivered to the aggregate cooling point can work together to reduce the initial temperature of the concrete raw materials through direct contact and other means. Meanwhile, the water and gas delivered to the concrete mixing plant 14 can absorb the heat generated during the mixing process, thereby reducing the concrete temperature and ultimately achieving efficient cooling of the concrete mix and the mixing process. At the same time, the nested design of the composite conveying pipeline can reduce the redundancy of the pipeline layout, ensure the stability of the cooling medium delivery, and further improve the reliability and efficiency of concrete temperature control.

[0069] In one embodiment, the water intake device 4 includes a concrete plug 41, a water storage tank 46, an inlet pipe 44, and a drain pipe 45. The concrete plug 41 is installed at the karst pipe 32 of the karst cave 2. The water storage tank 46 is formed inside the karst cave 2. The inlet pipe 44 passes through the concrete plug 41 and connects the karst pipe 32 and the water storage tank 46. One end of the drain pipe 45 passes through the concrete plug 41 and connects to the karst pipe 32, and the other end extends downstream of the extended karst pipe 32. Control valves 43 are installed at the outlet of the inlet pipe 44 and in the middle of the drain pipe 45.

[0070] In this embodiment, the water intake device 4 achieves stable collection and orderly management of water within the karst cave 2 through the synergistic effect of its components. Its working method and effects are as follows: A concrete plug 41 is installed at the karst pipe 32 within the karst cave 2, intercepting and guiding the water within the pipe 32 to prevent random water loss and provide a stable water source for subsequent water intake; a reservoir 46 is formed within the karst cave 2, temporarily storing the incoming water and buffering fluctuations in water volume to ensure stable water flow when supplying water to the concrete mixing system, preventing uneven water output from the karst pipe 32 from affecting temperature control; an inlet pipe 44 penetrates the concrete plug 41 and connects the karst pipe 32 to the reservoir 46, serving as the core channel for water from the karst pipe 32 to enter the reservoir 46, with its outlet equipped with a control... Valve 43 can flexibly adjust the water flow into the water storage tank 46 according to the actual water demand of concrete temperature control. For example, the valve can be opened wide when the water demand at the aggregate cooling point is large and closed when the water demand is small, so as to achieve water supply on demand. One end of the drain pipe 45 passes through the concrete plug 41 and connects to the karst pipe 32, and the other end extends to the downstream of the extended karst pipe 32. It can discharge excess water in the karst pipe 32 in time to prevent the water pressure in the pipe from being too high and damaging the concrete plug 41 or the inlet pipe 44. The control valve 43 set in the middle can control the water discharge speed, which can avoid water waste and ensure the stability of water pressure in the karst pipe 32. Through the cooperation of various components, the safe collection, stable storage and flexible control of water in the karst cave 2 are realized, which provides a reliable guarantee for the composite conveying pipeline to transport water for concrete temperature control.

[0071] In one embodiment, the water intake device 4 further includes a flow regulating structure 47, which is located downstream of the outlet of the water storage tank 46. The flow regulating structure 47 has at least one water intake hole 48, which is connected to the water inlet of the composite conveying pipeline through a water supply pipe 49.

[0072] In this embodiment, the flow regulation structure 47 of the water intake device 4 is located downstream of the outlet of the reservoir 46, and can receive the karst water stored in the reservoir 46, becoming a control node for the transmission of water from the reservoir 46 to the composite transport pipeline. At least one water intake hole 48 opened on the flow regulation structure 47 provides a directional channel for the water to flow out. Through the connection between the water intake hole 48 and the water supply pipe 49, the karst water temporarily stored in the reservoir 46 can be stably transported to the inlet of the composite transport pipeline, realizing the orderly transition of water from the water intake device 4 to the composite transport pipeline.

[0073] In one embodiment, the flow regulation structure 47 includes an upper baffle 471, a supporting base plate 476, a connecting hinge 475, and a supporting structure 473. The upper baffle 471 has at least one water intake hole 48 and at least one drain hole 477. The supporting base plate 476 is fixed to the ground. The connecting hinge 475 and the supporting structure 473 are connected between the upper baffle 471 and the supporting base plate 476, so that the inclination angle of the upper baffle 471 is adjustable to change the capacity of the water storage tank 46 and the outflow of the water intake hole 48. The drain hole 477 penetrates the upper baffle 471 and can be used for the prevention and maintenance of the water storage tank 46.

[0074] In this embodiment, the flow regulating structure 47 includes an upper baffle 471, a supporting base plate 476, a connecting hinge 475, a supporting structure 473, a supporting pad 472, and fixing bolts 474. The upper baffle 471 has at least one water intake hole 48 and at least one drain hole 477, with the drain hole 477 penetrating the upper baffle 471. A sealing ring is provided at the connection between the two. The supporting base plate 476 is fixed to the ground, providing a stable installation foundation for the entire flow regulating structure 47 and ensuring the structure remains stable under water flow impact. The connecting hinge 475 connects the upper baffle 471 and the supporting base plate 476, providing a rotatable connection fulcrum for adjusting the tilt angle of the upper baffle 471. The supporting structure 473 contacts the upper baffle 471 and the supporting base plate 476 respectively through the supporting pad 472. The supporting pad 472 increases the contact area between the supporting structure 473 and the plate, reducing local stress concentration and preventing stress on the plate due to pressure buildup. If deformation or damage occurs due to long-term load-bearing, the support plate 472, upper baffle 471, and support base plate 476 are sequentially installed through fixing bolts 474 to firmly fix the adjusted inclination angle of the upper baffle 471, preventing the inclination angle from shifting due to water flow impact or vibration during use. With this structural cooperation, when adjusting the inclination angle of the upper baffle 471, on the one hand, it can change the enclosed space between it and the surrounding structure inside the karst cave 2, thereby changing the actual water storage capacity of the reservoir 46 to adapt to the fluctuation of water demand for concrete temperature control at different times. On the other hand, it can adjust the relative height and water flow contact angle between the water intake hole 48 and the water body in the reservoir 46, thereby accurately changing the outflow of the water intake hole 48, ensuring that the water volume delivered to the composite conveying pipeline through the water supply pipe 49 can stably match the cooling water demand of the aggregate cooling point and the concrete mixing plant 14 in the concrete mixing system, further improving the accuracy and reliability of the water supply from the water intake device 4.

[0075] In one embodiment, the air pressure balancing device 5 includes a gas extraction device 51, an outlet pipe 52, and an inlet pipe 53. The gas extraction device 51 is located at the outlet of the karst cave 2. The inlet of the outlet pipe 52 extends into the karst fissure 31 of the karst cave 2, and the outlet is connected to the gas extraction device 51 and communicates with the air inlet of the composite delivery pipeline. The inlet of the inlet pipe 53 is located outside the karst cave 2, and the outlet is located inside the karst cave 2, for balancing the air pressure inside and outside the cave.

[0076] In this embodiment, the pressure balancing device 5, through the synergistic effect of its components, achieves stable extraction of low-temperature gas from the karst cave 2 and dynamic balance of air pressure inside and outside the cave, providing a continuous and reliable gaseous cooling medium for concrete temperature control. Specifically, the gas extraction device 51, located at the outlet of the karst cave 2, serves as the core power source for gas transport, providing stable extraction power and ensuring efficient gas transmission. The inlet of the outlet pipe 52 extends into the karst fissures 31 of the karst cave 2, accurately collecting the low-temperature gas remaining in the fissures within the karst cave 2, avoiding the impact of extracting external high-temperature air on the cooling effect. One end of its outlet is connected to the gas extraction device 51, and the outlet end is also connected to the gas inlet of the composite transport pipeline. Driven by the gas extraction device 51, the collected low-temperature gas is stably transported to the gas inlet of the composite transport pipeline. In the pipeline, cooling gas is supplied to the concrete mixing system. The inlet of the air inlet pipe 53 is located outside the karst cave 2, and the outlet is located inside the karst cave 2. When the gas extraction device 51 continuously extracts gas from the cave, the air inlet pipe 53 can introduce external air into the karst cave 2, effectively balancing the air pressure inside and outside the cave, preventing the gas extraction efficiency from decreasing due to low air pressure inside the cave, and even avoiding damage to the structure of the karst cave 2 due to air pressure difference. Ultimately, it ensures that the air pressure balancing device 5 can continuously and stably supply low-temperature gas to the composite conveying pipeline, achieving efficient cooling of concrete raw materials and the mixing process.

[0077] In one embodiment, the composite delivery pipeline includes a composite output pipe 6, which, from the inside out, includes an inner water channel 61, an intermediate air channel 62, and a first outer water channel 63. The composite delivery pipeline also includes a composite gas delivery pipe 8, which, from the inside out, includes an inner air channel 82 and a second outer water channel 81. The inner air channel 82 is connected to the intermediate air channel 62 of the composite output pipe, and the second outer water channel 81 is connected to the first outer water channel 63 of the composite output pipe. The outer water channel enhances heat exchange with the intermediate air channel 62 or the inner air channel 82 by regulating the internal water flow velocity, thereby reducing the temperature of the delivered gas or the water in the inner water channel 61.

[0078] The composite output pipe 6 adopts a three-layer nested structure from the inside out, namely an inner water channel 61, a middle air channel 62, and a first outer water channel 63, which together undertake the functions of synchronous transportation of water and gas and preliminary heat exchange. Among them, the inner water channel 61 is mainly used to transport water collected from the karst cave 2 by the water intake device 4, providing liquid cooling medium for the aggregate cooling point and the concrete mixing plant 14 of the concrete mixing system; the middle air channel 62 is used to transport gas extracted from the karst cave 2 by the air pressure balancing device 5, providing gaseous cooling medium for the aforementioned cooling point and mixing plant. As the core heat exchange control layer, the first outer water channel 63 can enhance heat exchange by regulating the water flow speed inside itself: when the water flow speed is adjusted, the water in the first outer water channel 63 can form a more sufficient heat transfer with the gas in the intermediate air channel 62, quickly absorbing the heat of the gas in the intermediate air channel 62, thereby reducing the temperature of the gas transported by the intermediate air channel 62; at the same time, this heat exchange effect can also help maintain the low temperature state of the water in the inner water channel 61, preventing the water from heating up due to the influence of the ambient temperature during the transportation process, and ensuring that the water and gas transported to the concrete mixing system can maintain a stable low temperature state.

[0079] The composite gas transmission pipe 8 adopts a two-layer nested structure from the inside out, namely an inner gas channel 82 and a second outer water channel 81. Its main function is to receive the gas from the composite output pipe 6 and further enhance the gas cooling effect. The inner gas channel 82 is connected to the middle gas channel 62 of the composite output pipe 6 and can receive the low-temperature gas delivered by the middle gas channel 62.

[0080] In one embodiment, the aggregate cooling station includes an aggregate stockpile 10 and an aggregate conveyor system 11. The aggregate conveyor system 11 is located between the aggregate stockpile 10 and the concrete mixing plant 14, and is used for conveying aggregates to the concrete. Figure 8 The conveyor belt aggregate 112 shown; the inner water channel 61 and the intermediate air channel 62 of the composite output pipe 6 are respectively set with the aggregate stockpile 10 and the aggregate conveyor belt system 11 through the spray device and the air supply device, so as to water cool and air cool the aggregate.

[0081] In this embodiment, the aggregate cooling station, through the coordinated operation of the aggregate stockpile 10, the aggregate conveyor system 11, and the composite output pipe 6, achieves full-process cooling of concrete aggregates from storage to transportation, laying the foundation for temperature control in subsequent concrete mixing. The aggregate stockpile 10 temporarily stores concrete aggregates awaiting use. The aggregate conveyor system 11 connects the aggregate stockpile 10 and the concrete mixing plant 14, undertaking the function of transporting aggregates from the stockpile to the mixing plant, ensuring the continuity of aggregate supply.

[0082] The inner water channel 61 of the composite output pipe 6 serves as a transport channel for liquid cooling medium. It is connected to the aggregate stockpile 10 and the aggregate conveyor belt system 11 via a spraying device (e.g., a spray head). The spraying device can uniformly spray the karst low-temperature water transported by the inner water channel 61 onto the aggregate in the aggregate stockpile 10, so that the water can directly contact the aggregate and absorb the heat of the aggregate, thereby rapidly reducing the initial temperature of the aggregate. At the same time, the spraying device can also spray the aggregate being transported on the aggregate conveyor belt system 11 in real time to prevent the aggregate from heating up due to the influence of ambient temperature during the transport process.

[0083] The intermediate air duct 62 of the composite output pipe 6 serves as a conveying channel for the gaseous cooling medium. It is connected to the aggregate pile 10 and the aggregate conveyor belt system 11 via an air supply device (e.g., an air nozzle). The air supply device can directionally blow the karst low-temperature gas transported by the intermediate air duct 62 toward the aggregate pile 10, so that the low-temperature gas flows in the gaps between the aggregates, carrying away the heat on the surface and inside of the aggregates, and further maintaining the low-temperature state of the aggregates. For the aggregates on the aggregate conveyor belt system 11, the low-temperature gas blown out by the air supply device can act on the aggregates simultaneously, on the one hand to help reduce the temperature of the aggregates, and on the other hand to reduce the moisture residue on the surface of the aggregates after spraying, avoiding excessive moisture from affecting the subsequent concrete mixing quality.

[0084] Through the cooperation of the inner water channel 61 with the spraying device and the middle air channel 62 with the air supply device, the aggregate cooling point achieves dual cooling of the aggregate by water and air, ensuring that the aggregate is always kept at a low temperature that meets the temperature control requirements before entering the concrete mixing plant 14, providing a stable mix foundation for temperature control in the concrete mixing process.

[0085] In one embodiment, the concrete mixing system further includes a water storage tank system 12, which includes a water storage tank body 121 and a steel reinforcement frame 122. The outer wall of the water storage tank body 121 is provided with an annular steel reinforcement frame 122 for fixing the composite output pipe 6. A side branch pipe is provided at the end of the composite output pipe 6 to connect the inner water channel 61 inside the composite output pipe 6 to the water inlet of the water storage tank body 121.

[0086] In this embodiment, the water storage tank system 12 of the concrete mixing system uses the tank body 121 as the core water storage component. It is mainly used to store karst low-temperature water transported by the composite output pipe 6, providing a continuous and stable low-temperature water source for the mixing operation of the concrete mixing plant 14, and avoiding the impact of instantaneous water supply fluctuations on the temperature control stability of the concrete mixing process. The annular steel reinforcement frame 122 set on the outer wall of the tank body 121 has an annular structure that matches the shape of the tank body 121, which can firmly fix the composite output pipe 6 to the outer wall of the tank body, preventing the composite output pipe 6 from shifting or shaking due to water flow impact, external vibration and other factors during water transportation, thus ensuring the safety and continuity of pipeline transportation. Meanwhile, the side branch pipe at the end of the composite output pipe 6 can precisely connect the inner water channel 61 of the composite output pipe 6 to the water inlet of the water storage tank 121, allowing the karst low-temperature water transported in the inner water channel 61 to be smoothly introduced into the water storage tank 121 through the side branch pipe, achieving efficient storage of the low-temperature water. Secondly, the low-temperature water in the first outer water channel 63 of the composite output pipe 6 exchanges heat with the water in the water storage tank 121, reducing the temperature of the water in the water storage tank 121, and can also serve as a low-temperature medium layer in the water storage tank 121. In addition, through the storage function of the water storage tank 121, the supply and demand relationship between the water supply of the water intake device 4 and the water supply of the concrete mixing plant 14 can be balanced. Combined with the fixing effect of the ring steel reinforcement frame 122 on the composite output pipe 6, the water storage tank system 12 provides reliable support for the concrete mixing plant 14 to continuously supply low-temperature water that meets the temperature control requirements.

[0087] In one embodiment, the concrete mixing system further includes a material tank 13 and a concrete mixing plant air compressor 15. The composite air supply pipe 8 is led from the composite output pipe 6 and pressurized by the concrete mixing plant air compressor 15 to the water storage tank system 12, the material tank 13 and the concrete mixing plant 14.

[0088] In this embodiment, the concrete mixing system, through the coordinated operation of the material tank 13, the concrete mixing plant air compressor 15, and the composite air supply pipe 8, further improves the temperature control of the storage of concrete-related raw materials and the mixing process. The material tank 13 stores other mixing materials required for concrete mixing, providing a supply of mixing materials for the continuous operation of the concrete mixing plant 14; the concrete mixing plant air compressor 15 serves as a power enhancement component for gas transportation, responsible for increasing gas pressure to ensure transportation efficiency. The composite gas supply pipe 8 is connected to the composite output pipe 6 and can receive the karst low-temperature gas transmitted by the composite output pipe 6. Then, the low-temperature gas is pressurized by the air compressor 15 of the concrete mixing plant and delivered to the water storage tank system 12, the material tank 13 and the concrete mixing plant 14 respectively. When delivered to the water storage tank system 12, it can help maintain the low temperature of the water in the water storage tank and prevent the water from heating up during storage. When delivered to the material tank 13, it can create a low-temperature environment for the raw materials stored in the tank and prevent cement and other mixing materials from being too affected by the ambient temperature. When delivered to the concrete mixing plant 14, it can directly act on the mixing operation area, absorb the heat of hydration generated during the mixing process, and work with the low-temperature water to reduce the temperature of the concrete mixing process.

[0089] In one embodiment, the aggregate conveyor system 11 includes a conveyor belt 111 and a conveyor belt protective cover 113 disposed on the conveyor belt 111. An angle steel bracket 114 is provided on the conveyor belt protective cover 113 to fix the composite output pipe 6.

[0090] In this embodiment, the aggregate conveyor system 11, through the coordinated operation of the conveyor belt 111, the conveyor belt protective cover 113, and the angle steel bracket 114, achieves stable transfer of aggregates and provides reliable installation support for the composite output pipe 6, ensuring the continuous effect of the cooling medium on the aggregates. The conveyor belt 111, as the core transfer component, connects the aggregate stockpile 10 and the concrete mixing plant 14, smoothly transporting the pre-cooled aggregates from the stockpile 10 to the concrete mixing plant 14. The conveyor belt protective cover 113, installed on the conveyor belt 111, protects the aggregates during the transfer process, reducing the impact of external environmental factors (such as high temperature and impurities) on the aggregate temperature and cleanliness, while also providing a stable mounting platform for the angle steel bracket 114. The angle steel bracket 114 installed on the conveyor belt protective cover 113 can firmly fix the composite output pipe 6 with its own structural strength, so as to prevent the composite output pipe 6 from shifting or shaking during the transportation of cooling medium and the vibration of the conveyor belt 111, and ensure the relative stability of the composite output pipe 6 and the conveyor belt 111. After the composite output pipe 6 is fixed, its inner water channel 61 can spray low temperature water onto the aggregate on the conveyor belt 111 through the spray device, and the middle air channel 62 can blow low temperature gas onto the aggregate through the air supply device, so as to continuously cool the aggregate with water and air during the transfer process, prevent the aggregate from rising due to the influence of ambient temperature during the transportation, and ensure that the aggregate entering the concrete mixing plant 14 always maintains the low temperature requirement that meets the temperature control requirements.

[0091] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in another aspect, a method of use is also provided, comprising the following steps:

[0092] A survey and record were conducted on the water- and gas-rich karst cave 2. The cave's spatial dimensions, water outflow patterns from the karst pipe 32, and gas flow through the karst fissures 31 were statistically analyzed. The layout and design of the concrete plug 41, the diameter of the inlet pipe 44, the diameter of the outlet pipe 45, the model of the gas extraction equipment 51, the diameter of the outlet pipe 52, the diameter of the inlet pipe 53, the flow regulation structure 47, and the location of the reservoir 46 were planned and designed. The concrete plug 41 is connected to the karst pipe 32, with the inlet pipe 44 and outlet pipe 45 embedded inside. The foundation excavation is a reverse slope or stepped shape, with pre-embedded reinforcing bars 42. Control valves 43 are installed at the outlet of the inlet pipe 44 and in the middle of the outlet pipe 45. The outlet of the inlet pipe 44 connects to the reservoir 46 upstream of the water-blocking plate, and the outlet pipe 45 is laid along the karst pipe 32. The diameter of the inlet pipe 44 is determined based on the peak hourly water demand of the concrete mixing plant 14, generally ranging from 0.25m to 0.6m. The diameter of the drain pipe 45 is determined based on the maximum inflow of water during the flood season from the karst pipe 32. The diameter of the outlet pipe 52 is determined based on the planned air supply volume of the air compressor 15 in the concrete mixing plant and the distance from the cave to the concrete mixing plant 14. The diameter of the inlet pipe 53 is determined based on the air delivery intensity of the outlet pipe 52. The outlet pipe 52 and the inlet pipe 53 are arranged along the rock wall of the karst cave 2. The height of the baffle plate is determined based on the cave type. The volume of the water storage tank 46 is determined based on the peak 5-hour water demand of the concrete mixing system.

[0093] Based on the project construction situation, the water storage tank system 12, aggregate stockpile 10, aggregate conveyor belt system 11, concrete mixing plant air compressor 15, and concrete mixing plant 14 of the concrete mixing system are planned and arranged. A certain ring steel reinforcement frame 122 is set on the outer wall of the water storage tank 121 to fix the composite output pipe 6; a sunshade is set on the aggregate stockpile 10, and a protective cover is set on the aggregate conveyor belt system 11. Angle steel brackets 114 are set on the outside of the protective cover to fix the composite output pipe 6.

[0094] The water-retaining plate and the water storage tank 46 are arranged and installed. The water-retaining plate is a unit structure with a triangular cross-section. The upper baffle 471 of the water-retaining plate is provided with a water intake hole 48, a discharge hole 477, and a drain pipe 45. The upper baffle 471 and the supporting base plate 476 are provided with a connecting hinge 475, a supporting structure 473, and a supporting pad 472. The connecting hinge 475 is used to adjust the included angle between the upper baffle 471 and the supporting base plate 476 to control the water-retaining height of the upper baffle 471, the capacity of the water storage tank 46, and the outflow of the water intake hole 48. The supporting structure 473 is connected to the upper baffle 471 and the supporting base plate 476 through the supporting pad 472 and fixing bolts 474, respectively. The water intake hole 48 and the water supply pipe 49 are connected by rubber pads, and the upper baffle 471 and the drain pipe 45 are connected by rubber pads.

[0095] The installation of the composite output pipe 6 and composite gas transmission pipe 8, which are involved in the water storage tank system 12, aggregate stockpile 10, and aggregate conveyor belt system 11, is completed. The composite output pipe 6 and composite gas transmission pipe 8 are composite insulation structures, using steel pipes or steel-plastic composite pipes. They can be fabricated on temporary construction sites or purchased as finished products. By controlling the flow rate of karst water in the first outer waterway 63, the heat loss from the gas in the intermediate gasway 62 is increased, thus reducing the temperature of the karst gas in the intermediate gasway 62. During transportation, the gas in the intermediate gasway 62 is kept at a certain flow rate to further reduce the temperature of the karst water in the inner waterway 61. The karst gas in the intermediate gasway 62 can be used as an aggregate cooling medium, and the water in the inner waterway 61 can be used as water for concrete mixing and aggregate spraying. The water temperature in the second outer waterway 81 of the composite gas transmission pipe 8 varies significantly and can be used for non-temperature-controlled facilities such as concrete mixer truck washing and landscaping. A composite output pipe 6 is arranged on the outer wall steel reinforcement frame 122 of the water storage tank body 121, which can effectively reduce the temperature of the water storage tank. A side branch pipe is set at the end of the composite output pipe 6, which connects to the water supply pipe 49 inside the composite output pipe 6 to the water inlet of the water storage tank body 121. The composite output pipe 6 is set in conjunction with the sunshade on the top of the aggregate stockpile 10 and the angle steel bracket 114 of the aggregate conveyor belt protective cover 113. The inner water channel 61 and the middle air channel 62 of the composite output pipe 6 are used to carry water or air to cool the aggregate stockpile 10 and the aggregate conveyor belt 111 through air cooling and karst cold water spraying. In addition, the inner water channel 61 of the composite output pipe 6 can be connected to the cooling water pipe of the large volume concrete in the concrete pouring area 16 to reduce the internal temperature of the large volume concrete. The composite air supply pipe 8 is led from the composite output pipe 6 and pressurized by the air compressor 15 of the concrete mixing plant to the water storage tank system 12, material tank 13, concrete mixing plant 14, etc., to reduce the temperature of the tank body and the mixing plant.

[0096] The installation of data acquisition systems, including temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow sensors, velocity sensors, and data processing components, was completed for the composite output pipe 6, composite air transmission pipe 8, and the concrete mixing system. Temperature sensors were installed at the water intake hole 48, the water storage tank, and other karst water inlet and outlet points, as well as at the air transmission points of the air outlet pipe 52, the gas extraction equipment 51, and the air compressor 15 of the concrete mixing plant. Temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow sensors, and velocity sensors were installed at equal intervals inside the composite output pipe 6 and composite air transmission pipe 8. The data acquisition system was integrated with the concrete mixing system's own temperature control system. The data processing component collected and analyzed changes in water temperature, air temperature, and flow rate along the path inside the composite output pipe 6 and composite air transmission pipe 8, providing optimal karst water and gas temperature and pipeline water and gas transmission rate schemes for the concrete temperature control system to adjust the utilization scheme of karst water and gas in aggregate pre-cooling and concrete mixing processes.

[0097] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A concrete temperature control system utilizing water vapor from karst caves, characterized in that, include: A water collection device (4) is installed inside the karst cave (2) to collect water from the karst cave (2); A pressure balancing device (5) is connected to the karst cave (2) and is used to extract gas from the karst cave (2); The concrete mixing system includes an aggregate cooling station and a concrete mixing plant (14). And, composite delivery pipelines, which include nested water channels and air channels; The composite conveying pipeline is connected between the water intake device (4), the air pressure balancing device (5) and the concrete mixing system, and is used to transport the water and gas to the aggregate cooling point and the concrete mixing plant (14) respectively, so as to cool the concrete mixture and the mixing process. The water intake device (4) includes: A concrete plug (41) is installed at the karst conduit (32) of the karst cave (2); A water storage tank (46) is formed inside the karst cave (2); The water inlet pipe (44) passes through the concrete plug (41) and connects the karst pipe (32) and the water storage tank (46). The drain pipe (45) has one end passing through the concrete plug (41) and connected to the karst pipe (32), and the other end extends through the karst cave (2) to the downstream of the karst pipe (32). Control valves (43) are provided at the outlet of the water inlet pipe (44) and in the middle of the water outlet pipe (45). The water intake device (4) also includes: A flow regulating structure (47) is provided downstream of the outlet of the water storage tank (46). At least one water intake hole (48) is provided on the flow regulating structure (47). The water intake hole (48) is connected to the water inlet of the composite conveying pipeline through a water conveying pipe (49). The composite delivery pipeline includes a composite output pipe (6), which, from the inside out, includes an inner water channel (61), an intermediate air channel (62), and a first outer water channel (63). The composite delivery pipeline also includes a composite gas delivery pipe (8), which includes an inner gas channel (82) and a second outer water channel (81) from the inside to the outside. The inner gas channel (82) is connected to the middle gas channel (62), and the second outer water channel (81) is connected to the first outer water channel (63). The outer water channel is configured to enhance heat exchange with the intermediate air channel (62) or the inner air channel (82) by regulating the internal water flow velocity, so as to reduce the temperature of the transported gas or the water in the inner water channel (61).

2. The concrete temperature control system utilizing water vapor from karst caves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow regulation structure (47) includes: The upper baffle (471) has at least one water intake hole (48) and at least one drain hole (477). Support base plate (476), fixed to the ground; In addition, the connecting hinge (475) and the support structure (473) are connected between the upper baffle (471) and the support base plate (476), so that the tilt angle of the upper baffle (471) is adjustable to change the capacity of the water storage tank (46) and the outflow of the water intake hole (48); The drain pipe (45) passes through the drain hole (477) and penetrates the upper baffle (471).

3. The concrete temperature control system utilizing water vapor from karst caves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure balancing device (5) includes: A gas extraction device (51) is installed at the exit of the karst cave (2); The gas outlet pipe (52) extends into the karst fissure (31) of the karst cave (2) and its outlet is connected to the gas extraction device (51) and connected to the gas inlet of the composite delivery pipeline. And an air inlet pipe (53), whose inlet is located outside the karst cave (2) and whose outlet is located inside the karst cave (2), is used to balance the air pressure inside and outside the cave.

4. The concrete temperature control system utilizing water vapor from karst caves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aggregate cooling station includes an aggregate stockpile (10) and an aggregate conveyor belt system (11), which is located between the aggregate stockpile (10) and the concrete mixing plant (14). The inner water channel (61) and the intermediate air channel (62) of the composite output pipe (6) are respectively connected to the aggregate stockpile (10) and the aggregate conveyor belt system (11) through a spray device and an air supply device, so as to water-cool and air-cool the aggregate.

5. The concrete temperature control system utilizing water vapor from karst caves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concrete mixing system also includes a water storage tank system (12), which includes a water storage tank body (121) and a steel reinforcement frame (122). Among them, a ring-shaped steel reinforcement frame (122) is set on the outer wall of the water storage tank (121) to fix the composite output pipe (6). A side branch pipe is set at the end of the composite output pipe (6) to connect the inner water channel (61) inside the composite output pipe (6) to the water inlet of the water storage tank (121).

6. The concrete temperature control system utilizing water vapor from karst caves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concrete mixing system also includes a material tank (13) and a concrete mixing plant air compressor (15). The composite air supply pipe (8) is connected from the composite output pipe (6) and pressurized by the concrete mixing plant air compressor (15) to the water storage tank system (12), the material tank (13) and the concrete mixing plant (14).

7. The concrete temperature control system utilizing water vapor from karst caves according to claim 4, characterized in that, The aggregate conveyor belt system (11) includes a conveyor belt (111) and a conveyor belt protective cover (113) disposed on the conveyor belt (111). An angle steel bracket (114) is provided on the conveyor belt protective cover (113) to fix the composite output pipe (6).

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