A tunnel surrounding rock seepage model test box

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of seepage model technology and discloses a tunnel surrounding rock seepage model test chamber, including a water tank, a transparent shell fixedly connected to the top of the water tank, a side shell fixedly connected to the left side of the transparent shell, a water guide shell fixedly connected to the bottom of the side shell, a measuring cylinder set at the bottom of the water guide shell, and a right seepage plate fixedly installed inside the transparent shell. This invention uses a drive motor to rotate a threaded rod, allowing a limiting plate to move up and down. When the limiting plate is adjusted to the target height, a water pump operates, supplying water to the inside of the transparent shell. As the water volume inside the transparent shell increases, a float floats on the water surface. When the upper surface of the float contacts the limiting plate, the float cannot float further, and the water volume continues to increase. When the water level exceeds the upper surface of the float, the water enters the water guide channel and finally flows back to the water tank through a hose, thereby achieving rapid water pressure regulation and constant pressure stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of seepage model technology, specifically a tunnel surrounding rock seepage model test chamber. Background Technology

[0002] Seepage models are widely used in many engineering and applied science fields, such as soil mechanics, fluid mechanics, groundwater dynamics, rock mechanics, engineering geology, water supply and drainage engineering, and tunnel engineering. Groundwater seepage models can be used to study groundwater seepage in actual engineering projects, and to test the seepage capacity, flow direction, elevation difference, and impact on engineering projects under different geological conditions.

[0003] Existing tunnel surrounding rock seepage model test chambers cannot quickly regulate and stabilize pressure. Inconsistent pressure leads to data distortion and poor repeatability, while the inability to quickly regulate pressure limits experimental efficiency and functional expansion. Both factors diminish the scientific value and engineering guidance significance of the model tests. Therefore, when designing or upgrading seepage model test chambers, priority should be given to addressing the stability and controllability of water pressure, especially in scientific research and high-precision teaching scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tunnel surrounding rock seepage model test chamber to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a tunnel surrounding rock seepage model test chamber, comprising a water tank, a transparent shell fixedly connected to the top of the water tank, a side shell fixedly connected to the left side of the transparent shell, a water guiding shell fixedly connected to the bottom of the side shell, a measuring cylinder provided at the bottom of the water guiding shell, a right seepage plate fixedly installed inside the transparent shell, a left seepage plate fixedly connected to the transparent shell on the left side of the right seepage plate, a connecting column fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transparent shell, and a temperature measuring ball fixedly installed at the bottom end of the connecting column;

[0006] A heating plate is fixedly installed inside the water tank. A thermometer is fixedly connected to the bottom of the water tank on the right side of the heating plate. A water pump is fixedly installed on the side wall of the water tank. A suction pipe is fixedly connected to the suction end of the water pump. A heating mechanism is fixedly connected to the supply end of the water pump.

[0007] A pressure stabilizing mechanism is located to the right of the right seepage plate.

[0008] Preferably, it further includes: a sealing cap, the sealing cap being movably installed on the top of the transparent shell, the sealing cap having a rectangular hole in the middle, an isolation plate being slidably connected to the middle of the rectangular hole, and the bottom of the transparent shell having two round holes, two through holes and a rectangular groove.

[0009] Preferably, the heating mechanism includes a supply pipe and a heat-conducting shell. A distribution valve is fixedly connected to the middle of the supply pipe, and an L-pipe is connected to the left side of the distribution valve. Multiple partitions are fixedly connected inside the heat-conducting shell.

[0010] Preferably, the pressure stabilizing mechanism includes a drive motor, a limiting groove, and two sliding grooves. The output shaft of the drive motor is fixedly connected to a threaded rod. A limiting plate is threadedly sleeved in the middle of the threaded rod. A floating seat is provided below the limiting plate. A water guide groove is provided on the upper surface of the floating seat. A flexible hose is connected to the bottom end of the water guide groove. The limiting groove and the two sliding grooves are all opened on the inner wall of the transparent shell, and the limiting groove is located between the two sliding grooves.

[0011] Preferably, the measuring cylinder is snapped into the left side of the water tank, the water guide shell is fixedly connected to the left side of the water tank, and the sealing cover is movably connected to the side shell.

[0012] Preferably, the isolation plate is located on the right side of the right permeation plate, the bottom end of the isolation plate is adapted to the rectangular groove, and the front and rear parts of the isolation plate abut against the inner wall of the transparent shell.

[0013] Preferably, the supply pipe is connected to the circular hole directly above, another circular hole is connected to the interior of the heat-conducting shell, the right end of the L-tube is connected to the through hole directly above, the heat-conducting shell is fixedly installed at the bottom of the transparent shell, and the heat-conducting shell is fixedly connected to the right seepage plate.

[0014] Preferably, the drive motor is fixedly connected to the transparent shell, the bottom end of the threaded rod is rotatably connected to the transparent shell, the rear part of the limiting plate is slidably connected to the limiting groove, the floating seat is slidably connected to both sliding grooves, and the bottom end of the hose is connected to the through hole directly below.

[0015] Preferably, the heat-conducting shell is made of a material with good thermal conductivity, and the hose is made of a soft material.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. This invention uses a drive motor to rotate a threaded rod. Due to the limiting groove's restriction on the limiting plate, the limiting plate can move up and down. When the limiting plate is adjusted to the target height, the drive motor stops working, and then the water pump starts working, drawing water from the water tank through the suction pipe and supplying it to the L-tube through the supply pipe. Water passes through the through hole and enters the through hole. As the water volume inside the transparent shell increases, the float floats on the water surface. When the upper surface of the float contacts the limiting plate, the float will be unable to float. The water volume continues to increase. When the water level exceeds the upper surface of the float, the water will enter the water guide groove and finally flow back to the water tank through the hose, thereby achieving rapid water pressure regulation and constant pressure stability.

[0018] 2. This invention uses a heating plate to heat the water inside the tank. During the heating process, the solubility of gases decreases as the temperature rises, causing gases to be released from the water. A thermometer detects the water temperature, and then a water pump operates to draw water from the tank through a suction pipe and supply it to the interior of the heat-conducting shell through a supply pipe. This heats the tunnel surrounding rock material until the temperature of the surrounding rock material is detected by the temperature measuring ball to be at the target temperature. Then, the water pump operates again to supply water of the same temperature to the interior of the transparent shell, thus simulating the test at the target depth and releasing gases from the water. This solves the problem that dissolved air or tiny bubbles in the water can easily adhere to the surface of particles or block pore channels during seepage, thereby changing the effective porosity, seepage path, and even permeability coefficient, seriously affecting the authenticity of experimental results. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance and structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the transparent shell of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the water tank of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a half-sectional view of the circular hole in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage stabilizing mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the transparent shell of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the heat-conducting shell of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Water tank; 2. Transparent shell; 3. Side shell; 4. Water guide shell; 5. Measuring cylinder; 6. Right seepage plate; 7. Left seepage plate; 8. Connecting column; 9. Temperature measuring ball; 10. Heating plate; 11. Thermometer; 12. Water pump; 13. Suction pipe; 14. Heating mechanism; 141. Supply pipe; 142. Distribution valve; 143. L-tube; 144. Heat-conducting shell; 145. Partition plate; 15. Pressure stabilizing mechanism; 151. Drive motor; 152. Threaded rod; 153. Limiting plate; 154. Float seat; 155. Water guide groove; 156. Limiting groove; 157. Sliding groove; 158. Flexible hose; 16. Sealing cap; 17. Rectangular hole; 18. Isolation plate; 19. Round hole; 20. Through hole; 21. Rectangular groove. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a tunnel surrounding rock seepage model test chamber, including a water tank 1, a transparent shell 2 fixedly connected to the top of the water tank 1, a side shell 3 fixedly connected to the left side of the transparent shell 2, a water guide shell 4 fixedly connected to the bottom of the side shell 3, a measuring cylinder 5 provided at the bottom of the water guide shell 4, a right seepage plate 6 fixedly installed inside the transparent shell 2, a left seepage plate 7 fixedly connected to the transparent shell 2 on the left side of the right seepage plate 6, a connecting column 8 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transparent shell 2, and a temperature measuring ball 9 fixedly installed at the bottom end of the connecting column 8;

[0029] A heating plate 10 is fixedly installed inside the water tank 1. A thermometer 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the water tank 1 on the right side of the heating plate 10. A water pump 12 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the water tank 1. A water suction pipe 13 is fixedly connected to the suction end of the water pump 12. A heating mechanism 14 is fixedly connected to the supply end of the water pump 12.

[0030] Pressure stabilizing mechanism 15 is located to the right of the right seepage plate 6.

[0031] It also includes: a sealing cover 16, which is movably installed on the top of the transparent shell 2. A rectangular hole 17 is provided in the middle of the sealing cover 16. An isolation plate 18 is slidably connected to the middle of the rectangular hole 17. Two round holes 19, two through holes 20 and a rectangular groove 21 are provided at the bottom of the transparent shell 2.

[0032] The heating mechanism 14 includes a supply pipe 141 and a heat-conducting shell 144. A distribution valve 142 is fixedly connected to the middle of the supply pipe 141. An L-pipe 143 is connected to the left side of the distribution valve 142. Multiple partitions 145 are fixedly connected inside the heat-conducting shell 144.

[0033] The pressure stabilizing mechanism 15 includes a drive motor 151, a limiting groove 156, and two sliding grooves 157. The output shaft of the drive motor 151 is fixedly connected to a threaded rod 152. A limiting plate 153 is threadedly sleeved in the middle of the threaded rod 152. A float seat 154 is provided below the limiting plate 153. A water guide groove 155 is provided on the upper surface of the float seat 154. A hose 158 is connected to the bottom end of the water guide groove 155. The limiting groove 156 and the two sliding grooves 157 are all opened on the inner wall of the transparent shell 2, and the limiting groove 156 is located between the two sliding grooves 157.

[0034] Its function is to drive the threaded rod 152 to rotate by the drive motor 151. Due to the limiting groove 156 limiting the limiting plate 153, the limiting plate 153 can move up and down. When the limiting plate 153 is adjusted to the target height, the drive motor 151 stops working, and then the water pump 12 works to draw water from the water tank 1 through the suction pipe 13 and supply it to the inside of the L pipe 143 through the supply pipe 141. The water enters the inside of the transparent shell 2 through the through hole 20. As the water volume inside the transparent shell 2 continues to increase, the float 154 floats on the water surface. When the upper surface of the float 154 contacts the limiting plate 153, the float 154 will be unable to float. The water volume continues to increase. When the water surface exceeds the upper surface of the float 154, the water will enter the inside of the water guide groove 155 and finally flow back to the inside of the water tank 1 through the hose 158, thereby realizing the rapid adjustment and constant pressure of the water.

[0035] The measuring cylinder 5 is snapped into the left side of the water tank 1, the water guide shell 4 is fixedly connected to the left side of the water tank 1, and the sealing cover 16 is movably connected to the side shell 3.

[0036] Among them, the isolation plate 18 is located on the right side of the right seepage plate 6, the bottom end of the isolation plate 18 is adapted to the rectangular groove 21, and the front and rear parts of the isolation plate 18 are in contact with the inner wall of the transparent shell 2.

[0037] Among them, the supply pipe 141 is connected to the round hole 19 directly above, the other round hole 19 is connected to the inside of the heat-conducting shell 144, the right end of the L-tube 143 is connected to the through hole 20 directly above, the heat-conducting shell 144 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the transparent shell 2, and the heat-conducting shell 144 is fixedly connected to the right seepage plate 6.

[0038] The drive motor 151 is fixedly connected to the transparent shell 2, the bottom end of the threaded rod 152 is rotatably connected to the transparent shell 2, the rear part of the limiting plate 153 is slidably connected to the limiting groove 156, the float seat 154 is slidably connected to both sliding grooves 157, the bottom end of the hose 158 is connected to the through hole 20 directly below, the heat-conducting shell 144 is made of a material with good thermal conductivity, and the hose 158 is made of a soft material. Its function is to heat the water inside the water tank 1 through the operation of the heating plate 10. During the heating process, the gas solubility decreases as the temperature rises, causing the gas in the water to precipitate. The thermometer 11 detects the water temperature, and then... Water pump 12 operates, drawing water from inside water tank 1 through suction pipe 13 and supplying it to the interior of heat-conducting shell 144 through supply pipe 141, thereby heating the tunnel surrounding rock material until the temperature measuring ball 9 detects that the temperature of the tunnel surrounding rock material has reached the target temperature. Then, water pump 12 operates again, supplying water of the same temperature to the interior of transparent shell 2, thereby simulating the test at the target depth and releasing gas from the water. This solves the problem that dissolved air or tiny bubbles in the water can easily adhere to the particle surface or block pore channels during the seepage process, thereby changing the effective porosity, seepage path, or even the permeability coefficient, seriously affecting the authenticity of the experimental results.

[0039] Working principle:

[0040] Add an appropriate amount of water into the water tank 1, open the sealing cover 16, add an appropriate amount of tunnel surrounding rock material into the space between the right seepage plate 6 and the left seepage plate 7, the added material should cover the temperature measuring ball 9, then close the sealing cover 16, the heating plate 10 will work to heat the water inside the water tank 1. During the heating process, the gas solubility decreases as the temperature rises, causing the gas in the water to precipitate. The thermometer 11 will detect the water temperature. During the process, the temperature inside the water tank 1 will rise, and the gas heated at the top will enter the interior of the transparent shell 2 through the hose 158, thereby preheating the space on the right side of the isolation plate 18.

[0041] When the distribution valve 142 is in the state where the supply pipe 141 is open at both ends and closed to the L pipe 143, the water pump 12 works, draws water from the water tank 1 through the suction pipe 13, and supplies it to the interior of the heat-conducting shell 144 through the supply pipe 141, thereby heating the tunnel surrounding rock material. When the temperature measuring ball 9 detects that the temperature of the tunnel surrounding rock material has reached the target temperature, the water supply to the interior of the heat-conducting shell 144 is stopped. At the same time, the drive motor 151 works, driving the threaded rod 152 to rotate. Due to the limitation of the limiting groove 156 on the limiting plate 153, the limiting plate 153 can move up and down. When the limiting plate 153 is adjusted to the target height, the drive motor 151 stops working.

[0042] The thermometer 11 detects the water temperature inside the water tank 1. When the water temperature is lower than the target temperature after heating the tunnel surrounding rock material, the heating plate 10 will be in the heating state. When the water temperature inside the water tank 1 reaches the target temperature after heating the tunnel surrounding rock material, the heating plate 10 will stop heating.

[0043] When the temperature of the surrounding rock material in the tunnel reaches the target temperature, and the limiting plate 153 is adjusted to the target height, the distribution valve 142 is in a state where the supply pipe 141 is not connected at the top and bottom but the bottom end of the supply pipe 141 is connected to the L pipe 143. The water pump 12 works, drawing water from the inside of the water tank 1 through the suction pipe 13 and supplying it to the inside of the L pipe 143 through the supply pipe 141. The water passes through the through hole 20 and enters the inside of the through hole 20. As the amount of water inside the transparent shell 2 increases, the float seat 154 floats on the water surface. When the upper surface of the float seat 154 contacts the limiting plate 153, the float seat 154 will not be able to float. The amount of water continues to increase. When the water surface exceeds the upper surface of the float seat 154, the water will enter the inside of the water guide trough 155 and finally flow back to the inside of the water tank 1 through the hose 158.

[0044] At this time, the isolation plate 18 is pulled upward so that the bottom surface of the isolation plate 18 is higher than the water surface, thereby simulating the seepage of the surrounding rock in the tunnel at a certain temperature. The water will pass through the right seepage plate 6, the surrounding rock material, and the left seepage plate 7, and finally be collected inside the measuring cylinder 5 under the guidance of the water guide shell 4.

[0045] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0046] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel surrounding rock seepage model test box, comprising a water tank (1), a transparent shell (2) is fixedly connected above the water tank (1), characterized in that: The left side of the transparent shell (2) is fixedly connected with a side shell (3), the bottom of the side shell (3) is fixedly connected with a water guide shell (4), the bottom of the water guide shell (4) is provided with a measuring cylinder (5), the inside of the transparent shell (2) is fixedly installed with a right water permeable plate (6), the left side of the right water permeable plate (6) is provided with a left water permeable plate (7) fixedly connected with the transparent shell (2), the inner wall of the transparent shell (2) is fixedly connected with a connecting column (8), and the bottom end of the connecting column (8) is fixedly installed with a temperature measuring ball (9). The inside of the water tank (1) is fixedly installed with a heating plate (10), the right side of the heating plate (10) is provided with a thermometer (11) fixedly connected with the bottom of the water tank (1), the side wall of the water tank (1) is fixedly installed with a water pump (12), the suction end of the water pump (12) is fixedly connected with a water suction pipe (13), and the supply end of the water pump (12) is fixedly connected with a heat supply mechanism (14). A voltage stabilizing mechanism (15) is arranged to the right of the right water permeable plate (6). It also includes a sealing cover (16) movably installed on the top of the transparent shell (2), a rectangular hole (17) is formed in the middle of the sealing cover (16), a partition plate (18) is slidably connected to the middle of the rectangular hole (17), and two circular holes (19), two through holes (20) and a rectangular groove (21) are formed in the bottom of the transparent shell (2). The partition plate (18) is located to the right of the right water permeable plate (6), the bottom end of the partition plate (18) is adapted to the rectangular groove (21), and the front and rear parts of the partition plate (18) abut against the inner wall of the transparent shell (2). The voltage stabilizing mechanism (15) includes a driving motor (151), a limiting groove (156) and two sliding grooves (157), the output shaft of the driving motor (151) is fixedly connected with a threaded rod (152), the middle of the threaded rod (152) is threadedly sleeved with a limiting plate (153), the lower part of the limiting plate (153) is provided with a floating seat (154), the upper surface of the floating seat (154) is provided with a water guide groove (155), the bottom end of the water guide groove (155) is communicated with a hose (158), and the limiting groove (156) and the two sliding grooves (157) are both formed in the inner wall of the transparent shell (2), and the limiting groove (156) is located between the two sliding grooves (157).

2. The tunnel surrounding rock seepage model test box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat supply mechanism (14) includes a supply pipe (141) and a heat conducting shell (144), the middle of the supply pipe (141) is fixedly connected with a distribution valve (142), the left side of the distribution valve (142) is communicated with an L-shaped pipe (143), and the inside of the heat conducting shell (144) is fixedly connected with a plurality of partition plates (145).

3. The tunnel surrounding rock seepage model test box according to claim 2, characterized in that: The measuring cylinder (5) is clamped with the left side of the water tank (1), the water guide shell (4) is fixedly connected with the left side of the water tank (1), and the sealing cover (16) is movably connected with the side shell (3).

4. The tunnel surrounding rock seepage model test box according to claim 3, characterized in that: The supply pipe (141) is communicated with the circular hole (19) directly above, another circular hole (19) is communicated with the inside of the heat conduction shell (144), the right end of the L-shaped pipe (143) is communicated with the through hole (20) directly above, the heat conduction shell (144) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the transparent shell (2), and the heat conduction shell (144) is fixedly connected with the right water seepage plate (6).

5. The tunnel surrounding rock seepage model test box according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving motor (151) is fixedly connected with the transparent shell (2), the bottom end of the threaded rod (152) is rotationally connected with the transparent shell (2), the rear portion of the limiting plate (153) is slidably connected with the limiting groove (156), the floating seat (154) is slidably connected with the two sliding grooves (157), and the bottom end of the hose (158) is communicated with the through hole (20) directly below.

6. The tunnel surrounding rock seepage model test box according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat conduction shell (144) is made of a material with good heat conduction performance, and the hose (158) is made of soft material.

Images