Ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining area

Abstract

The invention discloses a karst mining area heavy metal pollution ecological environment restoration device which comprises a moving frame, a rotary tillage mechanism, a first conveying mechanism, a treatment box and a stirring mechanism, walking wheels are installed on the two sides of the end of the moving frame, and the rotary tillage mechanism is installed at the bottom of one end of the moving frame; the first conveying mechanism is obliquely installed on the moving frame in a penetrating mode, a notch allowing the first conveying mechanism to penetrate through is formed in the moving frame, the processing box is installed on the moving frame and located at one end of the first conveying mechanism, the other end of the first conveying mechanism is close to the rotary tillage mechanism, and the stirring mechanism is installed at the end, away from the rotary tillage mechanism, of the moving frame. Through the separation mechanism, the smashing mechanism and the screening mechanism, soil and stone can be separated, water permeation and organic matter accumulation are facilitated, the soil productivity is improved, plant root growth and mining area vegetation restoration capacity are guaranteed, and ecological restoration of a mine is facilitated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of soil remediation, and particularly relates to an ecological environment remediation device for heavy metal pollution in a karst mining area. BACKGROUND

[0002] The heavy metal pollution in a karst mining area refers to a complex process and phenomenon that, due to mining, ore dressing, smelting and other human activities, heavy metal elements (such as cadmium, arsenic, lead, zinc, mercury, etc.) enter the environment and, with the particularity of karst geology and hydrogeology conditions, cause soil, groundwater and surface water pollution. These heavy metals not only change the physical and chemical properties of the soil, affect the stability of the soil ecosystem, but also may enter the food chain through crops absorption, groundwater penetration and other ways, causing potential threats to the growth and development of plants and animals, and indirectly affecting human health and quality of life. Due to the limited self-purification capacity of the soil, if the pollution problem cannot be effectively controlled and remediated, it will directly or indirectly lead to surface water and groundwater pollution, decrease of agricultural product yield and quality, and even harm human health and affect social sustainable development.

[0003] After searching, the soil plowing equipment for mine ecological remediation of the Chinese patent with the application number 2024218762776 is disclosed, which comprises a vehicle body, a plowing piece is hinged to the bottom side of the front end of the vehicle body through a hinge rod, a spraying piece is arranged above the plowing piece at the front end of the vehicle body, an inclined conveying belt is installed on the vehicle body behind the plowing piece, the bottom end of the conveying belt extends out of the bottom surface of the vehicle body to the position below the side of the plowing piece, and a crushing device is installed on the vehicle body above the conveying belt at the side below the top end of the conveying belt. The soil plowing equipment for mine ecological remediation can adjust the depth of the plowing piece into the ground through the hinge rod and the electric telescopic rod, the spraying heads in the spraying piece and the water guide groove arranged on the plowing knife can guide the soil remediation liquid into the soil, and the conveying belt and the crushing roller can crush the stones and ore blocks in the soil. However, the following defects still exist: since the mine soil contains a large amount of stones, only the stones and ore blocks can be crushed, the separation of the soil and stones cannot be realized, the crushed stones still exist in the soil, occupy the soil pores, hinder water penetration and organic matter accumulation, reduce soil productivity, affect plant root growth, damage the vegetation restoration ability of the mining area, and are not conducive to the ecological remediation of the mine. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide an ecological environment remediation device for heavy metal pollution in a karst mining area, which can realize the separation of the soil and stones through the separation mechanism, the crushing mechanism and the screening mechanism, facilitate water penetration and organic matter accumulation, improve soil productivity, ensure plant root growth and vegetation restoration ability of the mining area, and be conducive to the ecological remediation of the mine.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is: The utility model provides a kind of ecological environment remediation device for karst mine heavy metal pollution, including mobile frame, rotary tillage mechanism, first conveying mechanism, processing box, stirring mechanism, the mobile frame end two sides are equipped with walking wheel, the rotary tillage mechanism is installed in mobile frame one end bottom, the first conveying mechanism is obliquely installed in mobile frame, mobile frame is equipped with gap for the first conveying mechanism to pass through, the processing box is installed in mobile frame and is located in the one end of first conveying mechanism, the other end of first conveying mechanism is close to rotary tillage mechanism, the stirring mechanism is installed in the one end of mobile frame away from rotary tillage mechanism, the inside of processing box is successively equipped with separating mechanism, pulverization mechanism, screening mechanism from top to bottom, the bottom of processing box is symmetrically equipped with discharge hopper, the discharge hopper is located below mobile frame, discharge hopper is connected between stirring mechanism by second conveying mechanism, rotary tillage mechanism side away from first conveying mechanism is equipped with tractor head, and the tractor head is connected with mobile frame.

[0006] The rotary tillage mechanism includes a top plate, an extension rod, a rotary tillage shaft, and a third motor. The extension rod is installed in two numbers below the mobile frame. The top plate is installed at the bottom of the two extension rods. The two sides of the top plate are equipped with vertical plates. The rotary tillage shaft is rotatably installed at both ends of the vertical plate. The rotary tillage shaft is uniformly equipped with a plurality of rotary tillage cutters in the axial and circumferential directions. The third motor is installed outside one of the vertical plates. The third motor output shaft passes through the vertical plate and is equipped with a third gear. The fourth gear is installed at one end of the rotary tillage shaft close to the third gear. The fourth gear is meshingly connected with the third gear. The third gear and the fourth gear are equipped with a third housing outside. The third housing is installed on the vertical plate.

[0007] The separating mechanism includes a second motor, a first rotating shaft, a worm, a separating shaft, and a worm gear. The separating shaft is installed in multiple numbers and is uniformly rotatably installed horizontally on the top of the processing box. One end of the separating shaft extends to the outside of the processing box. The other end of one of the separating shafts extends to the outside of the processing box and is equipped with a first pulley. The number of worm gears corresponds to the number of separating shafts. A plurality of worm gears are respectively installed at the end of the separating shaft outside the processing box. The separating shaft inside the separating box is uniformly equipped with a plurality of occlusion cutters. The occlusion cutters on the adjacent two separating shafts are staggered. The outside of the worm gear is equipped with a second housing. The second housing is installed on the side wall of the processing box. The first rotating shaft is located below the separating shaft and is rotatably installed inside the second housing. The number of worms corresponds to the number of worm gears. A plurality of worms are located below the worm gear and are uniformly installed on the first rotating shaft. The worm is meshingly connected with the worm gear. The second motor is installed on the side wall of the second housing. The second motor output shaft passes through the second housing and is connected with the end of the first rotating shaft.

[0008] The crushing mechanism comprises a crushing shaft, a fifth gear and a fourth pulley, the number of the crushing shafts is two and they are symmetrically installed in the treatment box, one end of the crushing shafts extends to the outside of the treatment box, the number of the fifth gears is two and they are respectively installed at the end of the crushing shafts outside the treatment box, the two fifth gears are meshed and connected, the fourth pulley is installed on one of the crushing shafts and located outside the treatment box, the fourth pulley is connected with the first pulley through the second belt, the first pulley, the fourth pulley and the fifth gear are externally provided with a fourth shell, the fourth shell is installed on the side wall of the treatment box, the third shell can prevent the external dust from contacting the first pulley, the fourth pulley and the fifth gear, so as to ensure the transmission efficiency of the first pulley, the fourth pulley and the fifth gear, and a plurality of crushing cutters are uniformly installed on the crushing shafts inside the treatment box in the axial and circumferential directions.

[0009] The first rotating shaft extends to the outside of the second shell at the end away from the second motor and is provided with a second pulley, the screening mechanism comprises a screen, a bearing cover and a cam, the screen is located below the crushing mechanism and is obliquely installed in the treatment box, the two ends of the screen extend to the outside of the treatment, the bearing cover is located outside the screen and is installed on the side wall of the treatment box, a plurality of springs are uniformly installed between the side walls of the two ends of the screen and the bearing cover, one end of the screen is provided with a support rod, the support rod extends to the outside of the bearing cover and is provided with a pressing plate, the support rod is slidingly connected with the bearing cover, the screen can move in the treatment box through the support rod, one side of the support rod is provided with a second rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is installed on the moving frame through a support, the cam is installed on the second rotating shaft and abuts against the pressing plate, one end of the second rotating shaft away from the cam is provided with a third pulley, the third pulley is connected with the second pulley through the first belt, a slag outlet is arranged below the screen and on the treatment box.

[0010] The stirring mechanism comprises a stirring cylinder, a first motor, and a fertilizer box, the stirring cylinder is installed on the moving frame, the upper part of the stirring cylinder is communicated with the second conveying mechanism, the bottom of the stirring cylinder is provided with an unearthing hole at the end away from the second conveying mechanism, guide blocks are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the unearthing hole, guide grooves are formed in the guide blocks, a blocking plate is slidably installed on the guide grooves, the unearthing hole can be blocked by the blocking plate, a stirring shaft is installed in the stirring cylinder, the bottom of the stirring shaft is rotatably installed on the bottom wall of the stirring cylinder, the top of the stirring shaft extends to the outside of the stirring cylinder and is provided with a first gear, a plurality of stirring blades are uniformly installed on the middle and lower parts of the stirring shaft in the axial and circumferential directions, beating shafts are rotatably installed on the two sides of the stirring shaft and the top of the stirring cylinder, a second gear is installed on the top of the beating shaft outside the stirring cylinder, the second gear is in meshing connection with the first gear, a plurality of beating plates are irregularly installed on the beating shaft in the axial direction in the stirring cylinder, the first and second gears are provided with a first housing outside, the first housing is installed on the stirring cylinder, the first motor is installed on the first housing, the output shaft of the first motor is connected with the top of the stirring shaft through the first housing, the fertilizer box is installed on one side of the first housing, a blanking pipe is symmetrically installed on the bottom of the fertilizer box, the blanking pipe is an L-shaped pipe, the end of the blanking pipe away from the fertilizer box penetrates through the stirring cylinder and is located on one side of the beating shaft, and a valve is installed on the blanking pipe.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the blocking plate is provided with a handle, which facilitates the movement of the blocking plate, and a triangular block is arranged between the two blanking pipes in the fertilizer box.

[0012] Preferably, a sliding mechanism is installed on one side of the stirring cylinder and the end of the moving frame away from the rotary tillage mechanism, the sliding mechanism comprises a sliding plate, the sliding plate is installed on the moving frame below the unearthing hole and is obliquely arranged, baffle plates are installed on the two sides of the sliding plate, slide grooves are symmetrically formed in the inner sides of the ends of the baffle plates away from the moving frame, a same limiting plate is installed in the slide grooves, and locking bolts are threadedly installed in the slide grooves and fix the limiting plate in the slide grooves of the baffle plates.

[0013] Preferably, the first conveying mechanism is a conveying belt, and a plurality of blocking plates are uniformly installed on the conveying belt, and the second conveying mechanism is a spiral conveyor.

[0014] Preferably, a collecting frame is installed on the moving frame and one side of the treatment box, a guide strip is installed on the bottom of the collecting frame, a groove is formed in the moving frame and matched with the guide strip, the collecting frame is slidably installed on the moving frame through the guide strip, and a limiting pin is arranged in one side of the collecting frame and the groove.

[0015] Preferably, an inclined plate is installed on one end of the top of the treatment box away from the first conveying mechanism, and the stones separated by the separating mechanism can slide to the middle of the collecting frame through the inclined plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application are: 1) The separation of soil and stones can be realized by the separation mechanism, crushing mechanism and screening mechanism, which is beneficial to the water penetration and organic matter accumulation, improves the soil productivity, ensures the plant root growth and the mine vegetation restoration ability, and is conducive to the ecological restoration of the mine.

[0017] 2) The second motor drives the first rotating shaft to rotate, the worm on the first rotating shaft meshes with the worm gear to drive the separation shaft to rotate clockwise, the engagement cutter on the separation shaft rotates, the soil and stones conveyed by the first conveying mechanism fall onto the engagement cutter, the soil and stones can be moved away from the first conveying mechanism end by the engagement cutter, in this process, small stones and soil are crushed by the engagement cutter and move downward, while large stones are moved to the outside of the processing box by the engagement cutter, and the preliminary separation of soil and stones is completed.

[0018] 3) The collecting frame is installed on one side of the processing box and the moving frame, the stones falling from the processing box are collected by the collecting frame, the guide strip is installed at the bottom of the collecting frame, the groove matched with the guide strip is opened on the moving frame, the collecting frame is slidably installed on the moving frame through the guide strip, the limiting pin is placed in the groove on one side of the collecting frame, the movement of the collecting frame is prevented by the limiting pin, so as to ensure the effect of the collecting frame.

[0019] 4) The inclined plate is installed at the end of the processing box away from the first conveying mechanism, the stones separated by the separation mechanism can slide into the middle of the collecting frame through the inclined plate, which is conducive to the collection of stones by the collecting frame.

[0020] 5) The separation shaft drives the first pulley to rotate, the first pulley drives the fourth pulley to rotate through the second belt, the crushing shaft connected with the fourth pulley rotates, the two crushing shafts rotate synchronously through the fifth gear, the crushing cutter on the crushing shaft rotates, the soil block falling from the separation mechanism contacts the crushing cutter and is cut to realize separation and downward movement to the screening mechanism, while the small stones falling cannot be crushed and move downward to the screening mechanism, and the soil and small stones are screened by the screening mechanism.

[0021] 6) When the first rotating shaft rotates, the second pulley on the first rotating shaft rotates synchronously, the third pulley rotates under the action of the first belt, the third pulley drives the second rotating shaft to rotate, and the cam on the second rotating shaft rotates with it. After the cam rotates, it extrudes the pressing plate, and the pressing plate drives the screen to move inside the treatment box through the supporting rod. The screen can reciprocate inside the treatment box under the action of the cam and the spring, improving the working efficiency of the screening mechanism. The soil and small stones falling from the crushing mechanism are screened by the screen. The soil can move downward through the screen, while the small stones are intercepted by the screen. Due to the inclined installation of the screen and the reciprocating movement of the screen, the small stones on the screen fall into the collection frame through the slag outlet for collection.

[0022] 7) The first motor works to drive the stirring shaft to rotate, the first gear on the stirring shaft rotates with the stirring blades, the second gear meshes with the first gear to drive the beating shaft to rotate, the valve is opened, and the modifier in the fertilizer box enters the stirring cylinder through the dropping pipe. The beating plate on the beating shaft contacts the modifier and then beats the modifier, causing the modifier to scatter to different positions inside the stirring cylinder body, improving the mixing effect of the soil and the modifier. At the same time, soil continuously enters the stirring cylinder through the second conveying mechanism, and the soil and the modifier are mixed by the stirring blades. When the soil in the stirring cylinder body reaches a certain height, the blocking plate no longer blocks the soil outlet, and the mixed soil is discharged to the outside of the stirring cylinder under the action of the stirring blades.

[0023] 8) One end of the blocking plate is provided with a handle, which facilitates the movement of the blocking plate. The fertilizer box is provided with a triangular block between the two dropping pipes. The triangular block is installed at the bottom of the fertilizer box, which prevents the modifier inside the fertilizer box from accumulating in large quantities, improving the use efficiency of the modifier.

[0024] 9) A sliding mechanism is installed on one end of the moving frame away from the rotary tillage mechanism and one side of the stirring cylinder. The limiting plate can make the stirred soil fall uniformly onto the ploughed land, ensuring the growth of plant roots and the restoration ability of mine vegetation, which is conducive to the ecological restoration of the mine.

[0025] 10) The first conveying mechanism is a conveyor belt, and a plurality of blocking plates are uniformly installed on the conveyor belt. The blocking plates can prevent the soil from sliding downward, ensuring the working efficiency of the first conveying mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] ATTACHMENT Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mine area.

[0027] ATTACHMENT Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of the moving frame in the ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mine area.

[0028] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary tillage mechanism in an ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to the present invention.

[0029] Appendix Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the treatment box structure in an ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to the present invention.

[0030] Appendix Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the treatment box in an ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to the present invention.

[0031] Appendix Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the separation mechanism in an ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to the present invention.

[0032] Appendix Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism in an ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to the present invention.

[0033] Appendix Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the screening mechanism in an ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to the present invention.

[0034] Appendix Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the screen structure in an ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to the present invention.

[0035] Appendix Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the overtime stirring mechanism in an ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to the present invention.

[0036] Appendix Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the stirring drum in an ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to the present invention.

[0037] Appendix Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the meshing of the first gear and the second gear in an ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to the present invention.

[0038] Appendix Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilizer box in an ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to the present invention.

[0039] Appendix Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding mechanism of an ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to the present invention.

[0040] Appendix Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the collection frame structure in an ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to the present invention.

[0041] In the diagram: 1. Moving frame; 2. First conveying mechanism; 21. Baffle plate; 3. Processing box; 31. Slag outlet; 32. Discharge hopper; 33. Inclined plate; 4. Second conveying mechanism; 5. Mixing mechanism; 501. Mixing drum; 502. Mixing shaft; 503. Mixing blades; 504. First gear; 505. Impact shaft; 506. Impact plate; 507. First housing; 508. First motor; 509. Second gear; 510. Fertilizer box; 511. Excavation hole; 512. Material discharge pipe; 513. Valve; 514. Triangular block; 515. Guide block; 516. Sealing plate; 517. Handle; 6. Sliding mechanism; 601. Sliding plate; 602. Baffle; 603. Limiting plate; 604. Slide groove; 605. Locking bolt; 7. Separation mechanism; 701. Second motor; 702. First rotating shaft; 703. Worm gear; 704. Separation shaft; 705. Worm wheel; 706. Engagement 707. Blade; 708. Second housing; 709. First pulley; 7000. Second pulley; 801. Rotary tillage mechanism; 801. Top plate; 802. Telescopic rod; 803. Vertical plate; 804. Rotary tillage shaft; 805. Rotary tillage blade; 806. Third motor; 807. Third gear; 808. Fourth gear; 809. Third housing; 9000. Screening mechanism; 901. Screen; 902. Support cover; 903. Second rotating shaft; 904. Cam; 90 5. Bracket; 906. Third pulley; 907. First belt; 908. Support rod; 909. Pressure plate; 910. Spring; 10. Crushing mechanism; 1001. Crushing shaft; 1002. Crushing blade; 1003. Fifth gear; 1004. Fourth pulley; 1005. Second belt; 1006. Fourth housing; 11. Traveling wheel; 12. Tractor head; 13. Collection frame; 14. Guide bar; 15. Groove; 16. Limit pin. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-15 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described herein. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0044] An ecological environment remediation device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas includes a mobile frame 1, a rotary tillage mechanism 2, a first conveying mechanism 2, a processing box 3, and a mixing mechanism 5. The mobile frame 1 has wheels 11 installed on both sides of its ends. The rotary tillage mechanism 8 is installed at the bottom of one end of the mobile frame 1. The rotary tillage mechanism 8 includes a top plate 801, telescopic rods 802, a rotary shaft 804, and a third motor 806. Two telescopic rods 802 are installed below the mobile frame 1, and the top plate 801 is mounted on the two telescopic rods 802. At the bottom of 02, upright plates 803 are installed on both sides of the top plate 801. The two ends of the rotary tiller 804 are rotatably mounted on the upright plates 803. Multiple rotary tiller blades 805 are evenly installed on the rotary tiller 804 in both the axial and circumferential directions. The third motor 806 is installed outside one of the upright plates 803. The output shaft of the third motor 806 passes through the upright plate 803 and is fitted with a third gear 807. A fourth gear 808 is installed at the end of the rotary tiller 804 near the third gear 807. The fourth gear 808 interacts with the third gear... The third gear 807 and the fourth gear 808 are meshed together. The third housing 809 is installed on the vertical plate 803. The third housing 809 can prevent the soil from contacting the third gear 807 and the fourth gear 808, thereby ensuring stable meshing between the third gear 807 and the fourth gear 808 and extending their service life. The third motor 806 drives the third gear 807 to rotate. The fourth gear 808 meshes with the third gear 807 and drives the rotary tillage shaft 804 to rotate. The rotary tillage blades 805 located on the rotary tillage shaft 804 rotate accordingly. The telescopic rod 802 drives the top plate 801 to move downward, thereby driving the rotary tillage blades 805 to move downward and contact the soil. After the telescopic rod 802 moves downward to a certain position, it stops working. After the rotating rotary tillage blades 805 contact the soil, they will loosen the soil and throw the soil and stones backward. The thrown soil and stones fall onto the first conveying mechanism 2 and are transported to the processing box 3 through the first conveying mechanism 2.

[0045] The first conveying mechanism 2 is obliquely arranged through the mobile frame 1, the mobile frame 1 is provided with a gap for the first conveying mechanism 2 to pass through, the processing box 3 is arranged on the mobile frame 1 and located at one end of the first conveying mechanism 2, the other end of the first conveying mechanism 2 is close to the rotary tillage mechanism 8, the stirring mechanism 5 is arranged on the end of the mobile frame 1 away from the rotary tillage mechanism 8, the stirring mechanism 5 comprises a stirring cylinder 501, a first motor 508 and a fertilizer box 510, the stirring cylinder 501 is arranged on the mobile frame 1, the upper part of the stirring cylinder 501 is communicated with the second conveying mechanism 4, the bottom of the stirring cylinder 501 is provided with an earth outlet hole 511 away from the second conveying mechanism 4, guide blocks 515 are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower ends of one side of the earth outlet hole 511, guide grooves are arranged on the guide blocks 515, and sealing plates 516 are slidably arranged on the guide grooves, so that the earth outlet hole 511 can be sealed, a stirring shaft 502 is arranged in the stirring cylinder 501, the bottom of the stirring shaft 502 is rotatably arranged on the bottom wall of the stirring cylinder 501, the top of the stirring shaft 502 extends to the outside of the stirring cylinder 501 and is provided with a first gear 504, a plurality of stirring blades 503 are uniformly arranged on the middle and lower parts of the stirring shaft 502 in the stirring cylinder 501 in the axial and circumferential directions, a beating shaft 505 is rotatably arranged on the top of the stirring cylinder 501 and the top of the stirring cylinder 501, a second gear 509 is arranged on the top of the beating shaft 505 outside the stirring cylinder 501, the second gear 509 is in meshing connection with the first gear 504, a plurality of beating plates 506 are irregularly arranged on the beating shaft 505 in the stirring cylinder 501 in the axial direction, a first housing 507 is arranged outside the second gear 509 and the first gear 504, the first housing 507 is arranged on the stirring cylinder 501, the first motor 508 is arranged on the first housing 507, the output shaft of the first motor 508 penetrates through the first housing 507 and is connected with the top of the stirring shaft 502, the fertilizer box 510 is arranged on one side of the first housing 507, the fertilizer box 510 is used for containing an improving agent, the improving agent is a combination of one or more of lime, peat and silicon fertilizer, a material falling pipe 512 is symmetrically arranged on the bottom of the fertilizer box 510, the material falling pipe 512 is an L-shaped pipe, one end of the material falling pipe 512 away from the fertilizer box 510 penetrates through the stirring cylinder 501 and is located on one side of the beating shaft 505, a valve 513 is arranged on the material falling pipe 512, the first motor 508 drives the stirring shaft 502 to rotate, the first gear 504 on the stirring shaft 502 and the stirring blades 503 rotate, the second gear 509 drives the beating shaft 505 to rotate in meshing connection with the first gear 504, the valve 513 is opened, the improving agent in the fertilizer box 510 enters the stirring cylinder 501 through the material falling pipe 512, the beating plates 506 on the beating shaft 505 contact with the improving agent and beat the improving agent, so that the improving agent is scattered in different positions in the stirring cylinder 501, the mixing effect of the soil and the improving agent is improved, at the same time, the soil continuously enters the stirring cylinder 501 through the second conveying mechanism 4,The soil and the modifier are mixed by the stirring blade 503. When the soil in the stirring cylinder 501 reaches a certain height, the blocking plate 516 no longer blocks the soil outlet hole 511. The mixed soil is discharged to the outside of the stirring cylinder 501 under the action of the stirring blade 503.

[0046] One end of the blocking plate 516 is provided with a handle 517, which facilitates the movement of the blocking plate 516. The fertilizer box 510 is provided with triangular blocks 514 between the two material falling pipes 512. The triangular blocks 514 are installed at the bottom of the fertilizer box 510. The triangular blocks 514 prevent the modifier in the fertilizer box 510 from accumulating in a large amount, thereby improving the use efficiency of the modifier.

[0047] The sliding mechanism 6 is installed on one side of the stirring cylinder 501 away from the rotary tillage mechanism 8. The sliding mechanism 6 includes a sliding plate 601. The sliding plate 601 is located below the soil outlet hole 511 and is installed obliquely on the moving frame 1. The sliding plate 601 is provided with baffle plates 602 on both sides. The inner side of one end of the baffle plates 602 away from the moving frame 1 is symmetrically provided with a sliding groove 604. The same limiting plate 603 is installed in the sliding groove 604. The locking bolt 605 is screwed into the sliding groove 604 of the baffle plate 602. The limiting plate 603 fixes the baffle plate 602 in the sliding groove 604 through the locking bolt 605. The stirring soil can fall uniformly on the ploughed land through the limiting plate 603, which ensures the growth of plant roots and the restoration ability of the vegetation in the mining area, and is beneficial to the ecological restoration of the mine.

[0048] The processing box 3 is sequentially provided with a separation mechanism 7, a crushing mechanism 10 and a screening mechanism 9 from top to bottom. The bottom of the processing box 3 is symmetrically provided with a discharge hopper 32. The discharge hopper 32 is located below the moving frame 1. The discharge hopper 32 and the stirring mechanism 5 are connected through the second conveying mechanism 4. The rotary tillage mechanism 8 is provided with a tractor head 12 away from one side of the first conveying mechanism 2. The tractor head 12 is connected with the moving frame 1.

[0049] The separating mechanism 7 comprises a second motor 701, a first rotating shaft 702, a worm 703, a plurality of separating shafts 704, a plurality of worm gears 705, the separating shafts 704 are uniformly transversely arranged on the top of the processing box 3, one end of each of the separating shafts 704 extends to the outside of the processing box 3, one of the separating shafts 704 extends to the outside of the processing box 3 and is provided with a first pulley 708, the number of the worm gears 705 corresponds to the number of the separating shafts 704, the worm gears 705 are arranged on the ends of the separating shafts 704 outside the processing box 3, the separating shafts 704 inside the separating box are uniformly provided with a plurality of clamping cutters 706, the clamping cutters 706 on the adjacent two separating shafts 704 are staggered, the worm gears 705 are provided with a second shell 707, the second shell 707 is arranged on the side wall of the processing box 3, the first rotating shaft 702 is arranged below the separating shafts 704 and is rotatably arranged in the second shell 707, the number of the worms 703 corresponds to the number of the worm gears 705, the worms 703 are arranged below the worm gears 705 and are uniformly arranged on the first rotating shaft 702, the worms 703 are in meshing connection with the worm gears 705, the second motor 701 is arranged on the side wall of the second shell 707, the output shaft of the second motor 701 penetrates through the second shell 707 and is connected with the end of the first rotating shaft 702, the second motor 701 drives the first rotating shaft 702 to rotate, the worms 703 on the first rotating shaft 702 drive the separating shafts 704 to rotate clockwise in meshing with the worm gears 705, the clamping cutters 706 on the separating shafts 704 rotate, the soil and the stones conveyed by the first conveying mechanism 2 fall on the clamping cutters 706, the clamping cutters 706 can drive the soil and the stones to move away from the first conveying mechanism 2, in this process, the small stones and the soil are broken by the clamping cutters 706 and move downward, and the large stones move to the outside of the processing box 3 by the clamping cutters 706, thereby completing the preliminary separation of the soil and the stones.

[0050] A collecting frame 13 is arranged on the side of the processing box 3 and the moving frame 1, the stones falling from the processing box 3 are collected by the collecting frame 13, a guide strip 14 is arranged on the bottom of the collecting frame 13, a groove 15 matched with the guide strip 14 is arranged on the moving frame 1, the collecting frame 13 is slidably arranged on the moving frame 1 through the guide strip 14, a limiting pin 16 is arranged in the groove 15 on one side of the collecting frame 13, the limiting pin 16 can prevent the collecting frame 13 from moving, thereby ensuring the effect of the collecting frame 13.

[0051] An inclined plate 33 is arranged on the end of the top of the processing box 3 away from the first conveying mechanism 2, the stones separated by the separating mechanism 7 can slide to the middle of the collecting frame 13 through the inclined plate 33, which is conducive to the collection of the stones by the collecting frame 13.

[0052] The crushing mechanism 10 comprises two crushing shafts 1001, two fifth gears 1003 and a fourth pulley 1004. One end of the crushing shaft 1001 extends to the outside of the processing box 3. The fifth gears 1003 are installed at the end of the crushing shaft 1001 outside the processing box 3. The fourth pulley 1004 is installed on one of the crushing shafts 1001 outside the processing box 3. The fourth pulley 1004 is connected to the first pulley 708 through the second belt 1005. The first pulley 708, the fourth pulley 1004 and the fifth gears 1003 are provided with a fourth shell 1006. The fourth shell 1006 is installed on the side wall of the processing box 3. The third shell 809 can prevent external dust from contacting the first pulley 708, the fourth pulley 1004 and the fifth gears 1003, thereby ensuring the transmission efficiency of the first pulley 708, the fourth pulley 1004 and the fifth gears 1003. The crushing shaft 1001 inside the processing box 3 is uniformly provided with a plurality of crushing cutters 1002 in the axial and circumferential directions. The separation shaft 704 drives the first pulley 708 to rotate. The first pulley 708 drives the fourth pulley 1004 to rotate through the second belt 1005. The crushing shaft 1001 connected to the fourth pulley 1004 rotates. The two crushing shafts 1001 rotate synchronously through the fifth gears 1003. The crushing cutters 1002 on the crushing shaft 1001 rotate. The soil blocks of the soil falling from the separation mechanism 7 are cut and separated by the crushing cutters 1002 and then move downward to the screening mechanism 9. The small stones falling from the separation mechanism 7 cannot be crushed by the crushing cutters 1002 and then move downward to the screening mechanism 9. The soil and small stones are screened by the screening mechanism 9.

[0053] The first rotating shaft 702 extends to the outside of the second shell 707 away from one end of the second motor 701 and is provided with a second pulley 709. The screening mechanism 9 comprises a mesh screen 901, a bearing cover 902 and a cam 904. The mesh screen 901 is located below the crushing mechanism 10 and is obliquely and slidingly arranged in the processing box 3. The two ends of the mesh screen 901 extend to the outside of the processing box 3. The bearing cover 902 is located outside the mesh screen 901 and is arranged on the side wall of the processing box 3. A plurality of springs 910 are uniformly arranged between the two end side walls of the mesh screen 901 and the bearing cover 902. One end of the mesh screen 901 is provided with a supporting rod 908. The supporting rod 908 extends to the outside of the bearing cover 902 and is provided with a pressing plate 909. The supporting rod 908 is slidingly connected with the bearing cover 902. The mesh screen 901 can move in the processing box 3 through the supporting rod 908. One side of the supporting rod 908 is provided with a second rotating shaft 903. The second rotating shaft 903 is arranged on the moving frame 1 through a support 905. The cam 904 is arranged on the second rotating shaft 903 and abuts against the pressing plate 909. One end of the second rotating shaft 903 away from the cam 904 is provided with a third pulley 906. The third pulley 906 is connected with the second pulley 709 through a first belt 907. A slag outlet hole 31 is arranged below the mesh screen 901 and on the processing box 3. When the first rotating shaft 702 rotates, the second pulley 709 located on the first rotating shaft 702 rotates synchronously. The third pulley 906 rotates under the action of the first belt 907. The third pulley 906 drives the second rotating shaft 903 to rotate. The cam 904 located on the second rotating shaft 903 rotates accordingly. The cam 904 extrudes the pressing plate 909 after rotating. The pressing plate 909 drives the mesh screen 901 to move in the processing box 3 through the supporting rod 908. The mesh screen 901 can reciprocate in the processing box 3 under the action of the cam 904 and the springs 910, thereby improving the working efficiency of the screening mechanism 9. The soil and small stones falling from the crushing mechanism 10 are screened by the mesh screen 901. The soil can move downward through the mesh screen 901, while the small stones are intercepted by the mesh screen 901. Due to the oblique arrangement of the mesh screen 901 and the reciprocating movement of the mesh screen 901, the small stones on the mesh screen 901 fall through the slag outlet hole 31 into the collecting frame 13 for collection.

[0054] The first conveying mechanism 2 is a conveyor belt. A plurality of blocking plates 21 are uniformly arranged on the conveyor belt. The blocking plates 21 can prevent the soil from sliding downward, thereby ensuring the working efficiency of the first conveying mechanism 2. The second conveying mechanism 4 is a spiral conveyor.

[0055] The above is only an example and description of the structure of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or supplements or use similar ways to replace the described specific embodiments without deviating from the structure of the present application or exceeding the scope defined by the present claims.

Claims

1. An ecological environment remediation device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas, comprising a mobile frame, a rotary tillage mechanism, a first conveying mechanism, a processing box, and a mixing mechanism, wherein the mobile frame is equipped with wheels on both sides of its ends, the rotary tillage mechanism is installed at the bottom of one end of the mobile frame, the first conveying mechanism is obliquely mounted through the mobile frame, and the mobile frame has a notch for the first conveying mechanism to pass through, the processing box is mounted on the mobile frame and located at one end of the first conveying mechanism, the other end of the first conveying mechanism is close to the rotary tillage mechanism, and the mixing mechanism is installed at the end of the mobile frame away from the rotary tillage mechanism, characterized in that... The processing box contains a separation mechanism, a crushing mechanism, and a screening mechanism installed from top to bottom. A discharge hopper is symmetrically installed at the bottom of the processing box. The discharge hopper is located below the moving frame. The discharge hopper is connected to the mixing mechanism through a second conveying mechanism. A tractor head is provided on the side of the rotary tillage mechanism away from the first conveying mechanism. The tractor head is connected to the moving frame.

2. The ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary tillage mechanism includes a top plate, telescopic rods, a rotary tillage shaft, and a third motor. Two telescopic rods are installed below the moving frame. The top plate is installed at the bottom of the two telescopic rods, and upright plates are installed on both sides of the top plate. Both ends of the rotary tillage shaft are rotatably mounted on the upright plates. Multiple rotary tillage blades are evenly installed on the axial and circumferential directions of the rotary tillage shaft. The third motor is installed outside one of the upright plates. The output shaft of the third motor passes through the upright plate and is fitted with a third gear. A fourth gear is installed at the end of the rotary tillage shaft near the third gear, and the fourth gear meshes with the third gear. A third housing is provided outside the third and fourth gears, and the third housing is installed on the upright plate.

3. The ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separation mechanism includes a second motor, a first rotating shaft, a worm gear, a separation shaft, and a worm wheel. Multiple separation shafts are mounted laterally and evenly on the top of the processing chamber. One end of each separation shaft extends to the outside of the processing chamber, and the other end of one separation shaft extends to the outside of the processing chamber and is fitted with a first pulley. The number of worm wheels corresponds one-to-one with the number of separation shafts. Multiple worm wheels are respectively mounted on the ends of the separation shafts outside the processing chamber. Multiple biting cutters are evenly mounted on the separation shafts inside the separation chamber, with the biting cutters on adjacent separation shafts staggered. A second housing is provided outside the worm wheel, and the second housing is mounted on the side wall of the processing chamber. The first rotating shaft is located below the separation shaft and rotatably mounted inside the second housing. The number of worm gears corresponds one-to-one with the number of worm wheels. Multiple worm gears are located below the worm wheels and evenly mounted on the first rotating shaft. The worm gears mesh with the worm wheels. The second motor is mounted on the side wall of the second housing, and the output shaft of the second motor passes through the second housing and connects to the end of the first rotating shaft.

4. The ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The crushing mechanism includes a crushing shaft, a fifth gear, and a fourth pulley. There are two crushing shafts, which are symmetrically installed in the processing box. One end of the crushing shaft extends to the outside of the processing box. There are two fifth gears, which are respectively installed at the ends of the crushing shafts located outside the processing box. The two fifth gears are meshed together. The fourth pulley is installed on one of the crushing shafts and is located outside the processing box. The fourth pulley is connected to the first pulley via a second belt. A fourth housing is provided outside the first pulley, the fourth pulley, and the fifth gear. The fourth housing is installed on the side wall of the processing box. Multiple crushing blades are evenly installed axially and circumferentially on the crushing shafts located inside the processing box.

5. An ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first rotating shaft extends to the outside of the second housing at one end away from the second motor and is fitted with a second pulley. The screening mechanism includes a screen, a support cover, and a cam. The screen is located below the crushing mechanism and is slidably and obliquely installed inside the processing box. Both ends of the screen extend to the outside of the processing box. The support cover is located outside the screen and is installed on the side wall of the processing box. Multiple springs are evenly installed between the side walls of both ends of the screen and the support cover. A support rod is installed at one end of the screen. The support rod extends to the outside of the support cover and is fitted with a pressure plate. The support rod is slidably connected to the support cover. The support rod can drive the screen to move inside the processing box. A second rotating shaft is provided on one side of the support rod. The second rotating shaft is mounted on a movable frame via a bracket. The cam is mounted on the second rotating shaft and abuts against the pressure plate. A third pulley is installed at the end of the second rotating shaft away from the cam. The third pulley is connected to the second pulley via a first belt. A slag discharge hole is provided below the screen and on the processing box.

6. The ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing mechanism includes a mixing drum, a first motor, and a fertilizer box. The mixing drum is mounted on a movable frame, and its upper part is connected to a second conveying mechanism. A soil outlet hole is provided at the bottom of the mixing drum away from the second conveying mechanism. Guide blocks are symmetrically arranged at both ends of one side of the soil outlet hole, and guide grooves are provided on the guide blocks. A sealing plate is slidably installed on the guide grooves. A mixing shaft is installed inside the mixing drum. The bottom of the mixing shaft is rotatably mounted on the bottom wall of the mixing drum, and the top of the mixing shaft extends to the outside of the mixing drum and is equipped with a first gear. Multiple mixing blades are evenly installed axially and circumferentially on the lower middle part of the mixing shaft inside the mixing drum. Rotatably mounted through the sides of the mixing shaft and the top of the mixing drum... The device has an impact shaft, with a second gear mounted on top of the impact shaft located outside the mixing drum. The second gear meshes with a first gear. Multiple impact plates are irregularly mounted axially on the impact shaft located inside the mixing drum. A first housing is provided outside the second gear and the first gear. The first housing is mounted on the mixing drum. A first motor is mounted on the first housing. The output shaft of the first motor passes through the first housing and connects to the top of the mixing shaft. The fertilizer box is mounted on one side of the first housing. A discharge pipe is symmetrically mounted on the bottom of the fertilizer box. The discharge pipe is an L-shaped pipe. The end of the discharge pipe away from the fertilizer box passes through the mixing drum and is located on one side of the impact shaft. A valve is installed on the discharge pipe.

7. An ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to claim 6, characterized in that, A sliding mechanism is installed on the side of the mobile frame away from the rotary tillage mechanism and on the side of the mixing drum. The sliding mechanism includes a sliding plate, which is located below the soil outlet and is installed obliquely on the mobile frame. Baffles are installed on both sides of the sliding plate. The inner side of the baffle away from the mobile frame has symmetrical grooves. The same limiting plate is installed inside the groove. Locking bolts are threaded in the groove. The limiting plate is fixed in the groove of the baffle by the locking bolts.

8. An ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to claim 6, characterized in that, A handle is installed at one end of the sealing plate to facilitate its movement. A triangular block is provided inside the fertilizer box between the two discharge pipes, and the triangular block is installed at the bottom of the fertilizer box.

9. An ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, A collection frame is installed on one side of the processing box and on the movable frame. A guide bar is installed at the bottom of the collection frame. A groove is provided on the movable frame to cooperate with the guide bar. The collection frame is slidably installed on the movable frame through the guide bar. A limit pin is placed in the groove on one side of the collection frame. An inclined plate is installed at the top of the processing box away from the first conveying mechanism.

10. An ecological environment restoration device for heavy metal pollution in karst mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first conveying mechanism is a conveyor belt, on which multiple baffles are evenly installed; the second conveying mechanism is a screw conveyor.

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