An injection temperature adjusting device and method for an underground high-pressure gas storage

Abstract

The application discloses an underground high-pressure gas storage injection temperature adjusting device and method, and belongs to the technical field of compressed air energy storage. The device comprises a main injection pipeline arranged along the axial length of the gas storage; a plurality of temperature adjusting branch pipe assemblies are arranged on the pipeline at preset intervals; each temperature adjusting branch pipe assembly is composed of an exhaust branch pipe and an electrically-controlled flow regulating valve; a distributed temperature sensing system is arranged on the inner wall of the gas storage; and the electrically-controlled flow regulating valve and the distributed temperature sensing system are both connected with a central controller in signal. During operation, the distributed temperature sensing system collects and uploads temperature in real time, and the central controller adjusts the opening degree of each valve according to a preset algorithm, adjusts the local injection flow in real time, completes heat redistribution in a single injection channel, rapidly homogenizes the temperature field, reduces the lining thermal stress, and improves the structural life and the gas storage efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of compressed air energy storage technology, and in particular to an underground high-pressure gas storage tank with gas injection and temperature regulation device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Compressed air energy storage is a rapidly developing large-scale energy storage technology that stores high-pressure air in underground rock chambers. In this system, during injection, the gas is rapidly compressed and violently flows, converting a large amount of energy into internal energy, leading to a significant rise in the air temperature inside the storage tank. Conversely, during power generation, the gas expands and performs work, causing a sharp drop in the storage temperature. Research and practice show that, influenced by turbulence, thermodynamic processes, and the geometry of the chamber, the temperature field distribution within the gas storage tank exhibits significant non-uniformity, with localized "hot spots" or "cold spots" prone to appearing. This recurring and unevenly distributed temperature stress not only reduces the overall thermodynamic efficiency of the system but may also cause stress concentration in the lining and sealing layers, thus threatening the durability and operational safety of the storage structure.

[0003] To address the problem of uneven temperature distribution, existing technologies have proposed several methods, such as adding air injection pipes to disperse airflow or employing annular chamber designs to promote natural air circulation. However, these methods often require a significant increase in excavation and pipework complexity, leading to a substantial increase in construction difficulty and cost, resulting in poor economic efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an economically feasible air injection device and method to promote a uniform temperature distribution within the chamber without significantly increasing engineering complexity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an underground high-pressure gas storage gas injection and temperature regulation device and method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in one aspect, the present invention provides an underground high-pressure gas storage injection and temperature control device, installed within the gas storage facility, comprising: a main injection pipe extending axially along the gas storage facility; multiple temperature control branch pipe assemblies distributed at preset intervals along the length of the main injection pipe, each temperature control branch pipe assembly including an exhaust branch pipe connected to the main injection pipe and an electrically controlled flow regulating valve for controlling airflow; a distributed temperature sensing system installed within the gas storage facility; and a central controller connected to the electrically controlled flow regulating valve and the distributed temperature sensing system; the central controller receives temperature data and generates and sends control signals according to a preset control algorithm to drive the electrically controlled flow regulating valve to adjust the flow rate, thereby controlling the temperature field inside the gas storage facility.

[0006] The aforementioned structure aims to propose an underground high-pressure gas storage gas injection and temperature control device with an integrated "main pipe-branch valve-sensor-closed loop" structure. This device features a main injection pipe running axially throughout the gas storage facility, with multiple temperature-regulating branch pipe assemblies equipped with electrically controlled flow regulating valves extending along its length at predetermined intervals. A distributed temperature sensing system is also installed on the storage wall. All electrically controlled flow regulating valves and temperature sensors are connected to a central controller. During injection, the high-pressure air is divided into several controllable local flow rates in real time. The temperature sensors transmit the temperature at each point instantly. The central controller performs second-level fine-tuning of the opening of the corresponding branch valves based on a preset algorithm. Hot spots immediately reduce flow, while cold spots increase flow. The airflow rapidly redistributes heat within the gas storage facility, simultaneously reducing the axial and circumferential temperature gradients and quickly achieving a uniform overall temperature field. This weakens the thermal stress caused by temperature differences in the lining and sealing layer, improving structural durability and operational safety. When the gas storage tank enters the venting phase, the central controller automatically switches the control logic to adapt to the temperature drop caused by gas expansion. During the venting process, the turbine draws air from the gas storage tank, increasing the flow in hot spots and decreasing the flow in cold spots. By adopting the opposite control strategy to the filling phase, the uniformity of the temperature field in the gas storage tank is maintained while suppressing "cold spots", further improving the safety and overall efficiency of the system operation.

[0007] Furthermore, the main gas injection pipe is provided with at least one pipe expansion joint along its length.

[0008] Furthermore, each of the temperature-regulating branch pipe assemblies is also provided with a flow guide nozzle downstream of the electronically controlled flow regulating valve, for spraying the outflowing air in a specific shape to enhance the disturbance and mixing of local gas.

[0009] Furthermore, the flow guide nozzle is a multi-angle spray nozzle or a rotatable vortex nozzle.

[0010] Furthermore, the distributed temperature sensing system includes several temperature sensors deployed on the inner wall of the gas storage tank, and the connection lines of each temperature sensor are spiral-shaped.

[0011] Furthermore, the underground high-pressure gas storage gas injection and temperature control device also includes a pipeline fixing support device located at the bottom of the main gas injection pipeline.

[0012] Furthermore, the pipeline fixing support device includes multiple pipeline fixing support frames evenly distributed along the axial direction of the main gas injection pipeline. The bottom of the pipeline fixing support frame is fixed to the bottom plate of the gas storage tank, and the upper part is connected to the main gas injection pipeline through a clamp-type sliding support.

[0013] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for gas injection and temperature regulation in an underground high-pressure gas storage facility, based on the gas injection and temperature regulation device for an underground high-pressure gas storage facility described in any of the above claims, the method comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Collect temperature data from multiple points within the gas storage facility in real time using a distributed temperature sensing system;

[0015] Step 2: The central controller analyzes the received temperature data, identifies abnormal temperature areas, and calculates the temperature field non-uniformity.

[0016] Step 3: Based on the analysis results and the preset control algorithm, the central controller generates control commands for each electronically controlled flow regulating valve, and changes the airflow in the corresponding area by adjusting the opening of the electronically controlled flow regulating valve to suppress abnormal temperature.

[0017] Step 4: Repeat steps 1 to 3 continuously to form a closed-loop feedback and maintain the temperature field in the gas storage tank in a uniform state.

[0018] In some gas injection temperature control methods of the present invention, in step three, when a certain area is found to have a high temperature, the opening of the electrically controlled flow regulating valve near that area is reduced; when a certain area is found to have a low temperature, the opening of the electrically controlled flow regulating valve near that area is increased.

[0019] In some of the gas injection and temperature control methods of the present invention, step three includes a gas filling process and a gas releasing process. During the gas filling process, the central controller performs second-level fine-tuning of the opening degree of the corresponding branch valves according to a preset algorithm. The flow rate in hot spots is immediately reduced, and the flow rate in cold spots is immediately increased. The airflow quickly completes the heat redistribution in the gas storage tank, so that the temperature gradient in the axial and circumferential directions of the gas storage tank is reduced synchronously, and the overall temperature field quickly becomes uniform. During the gas releasing process, the turbine draws air from the gas storage tank. The flow rate in hot spots is immediately increased, and the flow rate in cold spots is immediately reduced. This process is the reverse of the gas filling process and will not be described in detail here.

[0020] In some gas injection temperature control methods of the present invention, step three further includes a predictive control step: predicting possible temperature anomaly areas based on historical operating data, and adjusting the electronically controlled flow regulating valves near such areas in advance. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the underground high-pressure gas storage gas injection and temperature regulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a layout diagram of a distributed temperature sensor system within a gas storage facility according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Sectional view at point BB;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional layout view of the distributed temperature sensor system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a system control block diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the underground high-pressure gas storage temperature regulation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Gas storage tank; 2. Plug; 3. Main gas injection pipeline; 4. Pipeline expansion joint; 5. Temperature regulating branch pipe assembly; 51. Exhaust branch pipe; 52. Electrically controlled flow regulating valve; 53. Flow guide nozzle; 6. Temperature sensor; 7. Pipeline fixing support frame; 100. Spiral connection line; 200. Axial auxiliary line. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Reference Figures 1 to 6As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an underground high-pressure gas storage injection and temperature control device. This device is installed within a horizontally arranged artificial chamber gas storage 1. Taking a circular gas storage 1 as an example, both ends of the gas storage 1 are sealed by plugs 2. The internal design pressure is 10 MPa, and the design temperature is -20 ℃ to 150 ℃. The main injection pipeline 3 runs along the longitudinal central axis of the gas storage 1. Its front end passes through the left plug 2 and connects to the flange of the ground compressor outlet pipeline, while its rear end extends to the tail of the gas storage 1. To absorb the axial thermal displacement generated by the injection-venting cycle, the main injection pipeline 3 is equipped with a pipeline expansion joint 4 at distances of 230 m, 60 m, and 90 m from the plug. The pipeline expansion joint 4 adopts a double-layer corrugated pipe structure, with an axial compensation of not less than 50 mm, and limit rods at both ends to prevent excessive stretching or compression. The main gas injection pipeline 3 is kept in spatial position by pipeline fixing support frames 7 evenly distributed along the axial direction. For example, the spacing between adjacent pipeline fixing support frames 7 can be 25m. The bottom of the pipeline fixing support frame 7 is fixedly installed on the bottom plate of the gas storage tank 1, and the upper part is a clamp-type sliding support. For example, the clamp-type sliding support can include a U-shaped clamp and a slider. A polytetrafluoroethylene slider can be set between the U-shaped clamp and the main gas injection pipeline 3, allowing the pipeline to slide axially under the action of the pipeline expansion joint 4, which both restricts the lateral displacement of the pipeline and allows it to freely expand and contract along the axial direction.

[0033] Temperature-regulating branch pipe assemblies 5 are arranged in an array at 15m intervals along the lower half of the main gas injection pipeline 3. Each temperature-regulating branch pipe assembly 5 includes an exhaust branch pipe 51, an electrically controlled flow regulating valve 52, and a flow guiding nozzle 53. The exhaust branch pipe 51 is a DN50 stainless steel seamless pipe, which is welded to the main gas injection pipeline 3 and then subjected to secondary flaw detection to ensure no leakage at 10MPa. The electrically controlled flow regulating valve 52 is a proportional regulating ball valve with a 4-20mA input, a CF8M valve body, a V-shaped valve core, equal percentage flow characteristics, an adjustable ratio of 100:1, a full stroke time of 15s, and an IP68 protection rating, which can be directly operated in a damp chamber for a long time. The flow guiding nozzle 53 is located at the end of the exhaust branch pipe 51 and adopts a vortex nozzle that can rotate continuously 360°. The nozzle outlet is a three-dimensional variable cross-section spiral channel, which can spray high-pressure air at a cone angle of 30°-60°, forming strong turbulent disturbances in a local area and accelerating the mixing of hot and cold gases. The cables of all electrically controlled flow regulating valves 52 are collected through stainless steel explosion-proof flexible pipes and led along the cable tray on the top of the gas storage tank 1 to the control room outside the tunnel, where they are hardwired to the central controller.

[0034] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, temperature monitoring employs a distributed fiber optic temperature sensing system. The optical fibers are laid in a spiral connection 100 along the inner wall of the gas storage tank 1 with equal pitch, and the temperature sensors 6 are evenly distributed along the spiral connection 100. To clearly show the location of each temperature sensor 6, as shown... Figure 5As shown, eight axial auxiliary lines 200 are evenly drawn along the circumference of the inner wall of the main gas injection pipe 3. All eight axial auxiliary lines 200 are parallel to the central axis of the main gas injection pipe 3 and are close to the inner wall of the main gas injection pipe 3. The intersection points of each axial auxiliary line 200 and the spiral connecting line 100 are the locations where the temperature sensor 6 is installed. The spiral connecting line 100 and the axial auxiliary lines 200 together form a "double-redundant" temperature matrix covering the entire storage area. The fiber optic host is placed in the ground control room and is fused with the in-cave sensor network via single-mode fiber to upload temperature field data to the central controller in real time.

[0035] In one specific embodiment, the central controller consists of a Siemens S7-1500 series PLC, a touch screen, and a UPS uninterruptible power supply, and incorporates a reference flow distribution model, a dynamic feedback adjustment module, and a predictive control module. After the system is powered on, the PLC first calls the reference flow distribution model and, based on the friction distance and historical pressure drop curves of each temperature-controlled branch pipe assembly 5, assigns an initial opening to the electrically controlled flow regulating valve 52: 85% for the valve with the furthest friction distance, 60% for the closest, and linear interpolation in between to offset the natural flow attenuation caused by friction resistance. Then, a closed-loop control cycle is entered: the PLC reads the temperature data at the intersection of the spiral connecting line 100 and the axial auxiliary line 200 once per second, and calculates the current average temperature T. avg With the maximum temperature difference ΔT max If the temperature at a certain measuring point is higher than T avg +0.5ΔT max If a temperature reading is too high, it is identified as a "hot spot," and the PLC immediately reduces the opening of the two valves closest to that point by 2% each time until the temperature drops. Conversely, for a "cold spot," the opening is increased by 2%. The predictive control module uses the temperature, pressure, and flow rate of the past 30 minutes as input and predicts the temperature distribution for the next 60 seconds using a pre-trained LSTM neural network. If it predicts that a certain area is about to exceed the temperature limit, it will pre-cool or preheat the area by 3% in advance, significantly reducing overshoot and regulation lag.

[0036] In one specific embodiment, during the gas injection phase, the compressor injects high-temperature, high-pressure air into the gas storage tank 1 at a flow rate of 50 kg / s. The central controller continuously adjusts the injection flow rate of each temperature-regulating branch pipe assembly 5 using the aforementioned strategy, ensuring that the maximum temperature difference within the tank remains ≤3℃. During the gas release phase, the turbine extracts air at a flow rate of 40 kg / s. As the temperature inside the tank decreases due to expansion, the controller adjusts the valve opening in the opposite direction to prevent localized "cold spots" from falling below -15℃. Throughout the entire cycle, the pipe expansion joint 4 absorbs the axial expansion and contraction of the main gas injection pipe 3 in real time, the pipe fixed support frame 7 ensures that the pipe does not resonate under high-pressure impact, and the rotating jet of the guide nozzle 53 continuously agitates the gas, ultimately achieving high uniformity of the temperature field in the gas storage tank 1 and a long service life for the structure.

[0037] This invention also provides a method for temperature regulation during gas injection in an underground high-pressure gas storage facility. This method relies on the gas injection and temperature regulation device described in the above embodiments. Throughout the injection and venting stages, a central controller performs real-time analysis of the overall temperature information and synchronously drives the electrically controlled flow regulating valves 52 in each temperature regulation branch assembly 5, achieving active, predictive, and closed-loop uniform control of the temperature field. Figure 7 The specific steps of the underground high-pressure gas storage gas injection and temperature regulation method are as follows:

[0038] Initialization: Before gas injection begins, the central controller first calls the built-in reference flow distribution model and sends initial opening commands to all electrically controlled flow regulating valves 52. For example, starting from plug 2, the opening increases axially along the main gas injection pipeline 3, with the nearest electrically controlled flow regulating valve 52 opening at 60%, the farthest electrically controlled flow regulating valve 52 opening at 85%, and the opening of the intermediate electrically controlled flow regulating valves 52 increasing linearly to compensate for the natural flow deviation caused by friction resistance; at the same time, the target average temperature for this gas injection is set to T. avg The maximum allowable temperature difference is ΔT max This serves as the subsequent stability threshold.

[0039] Injection process: After initialization is completed, the ground compressor starts and high-pressure air is injected into the gas storage tank 1 at high speed through the main injection pipe 3, pipe expansion joint 4 and each exhaust branch pipe 51, and the injection process begins.

[0040] Monitoring and Analysis: During the gas injection process, the distributed temperature sensing system collects the temperature data of the entire storage facility every 5 seconds and sends it to the central controller. The central controller calculates the current real-time average temperature T in the storage facility. current_avg With the real-time maximum temperature difference Δ Tcurrent_max The system then locates the coordinates of the highest and lowest temperature points. The PID control module within the central controller begins operation; if the temperature T at a certain measuring point... local Above the dynamic upper limit T current_avg +0.5ΔT max If so, it is determined to be a "hotspot".

[0041] Feedback adjustment: The PID control module quickly outputs a negative correction value ΔV d The correction amount is then distributed to the N electrically controlled flow control valves 52 closest to the point (e.g., N=2) according to the distance priority principle, so that their opening degree is reduced by ΔV from the original value. d This reduces the amount of high-temperature gas ejected in localized areas; conversely, it reduces the amount of high-temperature gas ejected below T. current_avg -0.5ΔT max The "cold spot" outputs a positive correction amount, increasing the opening of the corresponding valve, and accelerating the mixing of hot and cold by means of the rotating vortex of the guide nozzle 53.

[0042] Predictive Regulation: While implementing feedback regulation, the predictive control module continuously reads the temperature, pressure, and total flow sequence of the past 10 minutes and uses an offline-trained long short-term memory network model to predict the temperature field evolution trend for the next 60 seconds. If it is predicted that a certain area will experience an overshoot, the corresponding temperature-regulating branch pipe component 5 will be pre-intervened by 3% to prevent the overshoot from increasing. The above four steps of "monitoring-analysis-feedback-prediction" are executed sequentially within the same sampling cycle, and the next cycle begins immediately at the end of the cycle. This stabilizes the maximum temperature difference of the gas storage tank 1 within 3 ℃ throughout the entire gas injection process. The pipe expansion joint 4 absorbs the axial elongation of the main gas injection pipe 3 caused by temperature rise in real time, and the pipe fixed support frame 7 ensures the mechanical stability of the pipeline under the impact of high-speed airflow.

[0043] Venting process: When gas storage tank 1 enters the venting stage, the control logic switches synchronously: the turbine pumps air, causing the gas inside the tank to expand and cool down. The central controller focuses on suppressing "cold spots." If the temperature in a certain area is lower than T... current_avg -0.5ΔT max If the opening of the near-end electrically controlled flow regulating valve 52 is increased, the rotating jet ejected from the guide nozzle 53 will introduce the relatively high-temperature gas into the low-temperature zone, promoting energy exchange. If the prediction module determines that local overcooling may occur in the future, the opening of the corresponding valve will be increased in advance to achieve proactive heat replenishment. The entire venting process also executes a second-level closed-loop cycle until the pressure in the storage chamber drops to the set lower limit, ensuring that the temperature field uniformity index is consistent with that of the gas injection stage.

[0044] Through the above steps, without adding any additional hardware, this method achieves temperature homogenization of the gas storage tank 1 under both gas injection and venting conditions by relying solely on the high-density temperature sensing of the distributed temperature sensing system, the precise opening control of the electronically controlled flow regulating valve 52, and the intelligent prediction of the future temperature field. This significantly reduces the fatigue damage of thermal stress to the chamber lining and sealing layer, extends the service life of the gas storage tank 1, and improves the overall thermal efficiency and operational safety of the compressed air energy storage system.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention disclose at least the following beneficial effects:

[0046] This invention achieves real-time, proactive, and intelligent closed-loop control of the internal temperature field of the gas storage facility 1 through the coordinated operation of a main gas injection pipeline laid longitudinally along the gas storage facility 1, temperature-regulating branch pipe assemblies 5 distributed at preset intervals, pipeline fixing and support devices, a distributed temperature sensing system, and a central controller. The device structure, through the precise coordination of an electrically controlled flow regulating valve 52 and a flow-guiding nozzle 53, can dynamically adjust the jet flow rate and direction of each branch pipe based on temperature monitoring data, effectively promoting airflow organization and uniform temperature distribution within the facility, and significantly suppressing the formation of local hot and cold spots. Compared to traditional methods that involve adding multiple pipelines or complex chamber structures, this device requires only a single pipeline system, significantly reducing the amount of excavation and pipeline laying complexity, thereby reducing construction difficulty and costs, resulting in significant economic benefits. Simultaneously, the uniform temperature distribution reduces stress concentration in the lining and sealing layers, enhancing the durability and operational safety of the gas storage facility 1 structure and extending its service life. Furthermore, the flexibility of the control algorithm and nozzle design enables the system to adapt to different gas storage cell geometries and operating conditions, further improving the overall thermal efficiency and control accuracy of the compressed air energy storage system.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0048] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas injection and temperature control device for an underground high-pressure gas storage facility, installed inside a gas storage facility (1), characterized in that, include: A main gas injection pipeline is laid along the axial direction of the gas storage tank (1), and at least one pipeline expansion joint (4) is provided along its length. Multiple temperature-regulating branch pipe assemblies (5) are distributed at preset intervals along the length of the main gas injection pipe. Each temperature-regulating branch pipe assembly (5) includes an exhaust branch pipe (51) connected to the main gas injection pipe and an electronically controlled flow regulating valve (52) for controlling the air flow. Each temperature-regulating branch pipe assembly (5) is also provided with a flow guiding nozzle (53) downstream of the electronically controlled flow regulating valve (52). The flow guiding nozzle (53) is a multi-angle spray nozzle or a rotatable vortex nozzle. A distributed temperature sensing system is installed in the gas storage tank (1). The distributed temperature sensing system includes several temperature sensors (6) installed on the inner wall of the gas storage tank (1). The connection of each temperature sensor (6) is spiral. A central controller is connected to the electronically controlled flow regulating valve (52) and the distributed temperature sensing system. The central controller receives temperature data and generates and sends control signals according to a preset control algorithm to drive the electronically controlled flow regulating valve (52) to adjust the flow rate and realize the control of the internal temperature field of the gas storage tank (1). And a pipe fixing support device located at the bottom of the main gas injection pipe, the pipe fixing support device including multiple pipe fixing support frames (7) evenly distributed along the axial direction of the main gas injection pipe, the bottom of the pipe fixing support frame (7) is fixed to the bottom plate of the gas storage tank (1), and the upper part is connected to the main gas injection pipe through a clamp-type sliding support.

2. A method for gas injection and temperature regulation in an underground high-pressure gas storage facility, based on the gas injection and temperature regulation device for an underground high-pressure gas storage facility as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Collect temperature data from multiple points within the gas storage facility (1) in real time using a distributed temperature sensing system; Step 2: The central controller analyzes the received temperature data, identifies abnormal temperature areas, and calculates the temperature field non-uniformity. Step 3: The central controller generates control commands for each electronically controlled flow regulating valve (52) based on the analysis results and the preset control algorithm, and changes the air flow in the corresponding area by adjusting the opening of the electronically controlled flow regulating valve (52) to suppress abnormal temperature. Step 4: Repeat steps 1 to 3 continuously to form a closed-loop feedback and maintain the temperature field in the gas storage tank (1) in a uniform state.

3. The method for gas injection and temperature regulation in an underground high-pressure gas storage facility according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step three, when a region is found to be too hot, the opening of the electrically controlled flow regulating valve (52) near that region is reduced; when a region is found to be too cold, the opening of the electrically controlled flow regulating valve (52) near that region is increased.

4. The method for gas injection and temperature regulation in an underground high-pressure gas storage facility according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step three also includes a predictive control step: predicting possible temperature anomaly areas based on historical operating data, and adjusting the electronically controlled flow regulating valve (52) near the area in advance.

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