Multi-frequency while-drilling resistivity measurement device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of resistivity measurement while drilling device, specifically to a multi-frequency resistivity measurement while drilling device, which comprises a drill bit, a drill pipe main body, a transmitting component and a receiving component, the outer wall of the receiving component is provided with a push plate, the inner wall of the push plate is provided with an inclined surface, the side wall of the push plate is connected with a linkage component, and the inside of the push plate is provided with a linkage assembly; the linkage component is adopted to cooperate with the dynamic coupling mechanism of the drill pipe rotating speed and centrifugal force, so that the spacing between the receiving component and the transmitting component in the sensor is self-adjusted, the centrifugal force change is utilized to make the inner side inclined surface of the push plate convert the radial displacement into axial thrust, so that the source is always matched with the electromagnetic wave frequency and the detection depth requirement, the resistivity data error is reduced, and the measurement reliability in complex environment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling resistivity measurement equipment, specifically to a multi-frequency drilling resistivity measurement device. Background Technology

[0002] Drilling resistivity measurement is a key sensor integration technology in fields such as geological exploration. Utilizing active sensors, it can actively emit electromagnetic waves towards the target object and receive the reflected signals to obtain measurement information. This allows for real-time identification of formation characteristics, analysis of formation electromagnetic wave responses, acquisition of resistivity data, optimization of drilling trajectories, and improvement of oil and gas drilling success rates. It provides a basis for geological modeling and drilling decisions. The sensors do not require a power supply during operation; they can measure resistivity changes at different radial depths (flushed zones, transition zones, and undisturbed formations) in real time using emitted electromagnetic waves. After identifying formation interfaces and combining this with position sensors to measure the drill bit's orientation, a formation resistivity imaging map is generated to guide the drill bit's precise traversal within the geological environment. During operation, low-frequency and high-frequency sensors are used to probe the formation, constructing intrusion profile models, distinguishing between mud filtrate intrusion zones and undisturbed formations, and combining resistivity anisotropy analysis to identify, analyze, and determine the geological characteristics within the soil.

[0003] Active sensors transmit specific energy pulses directionally to a target soil area via a built-in transmitter. Different strata interfaces within the soil receive the energy, and due to differences in material and morphology, the electromagnetic waves are reflected, scattered, absorbed, or refracted. The sensor captures the echo signals through a receiver, converts the echo signals into electrical signals, and the processing circuit extracts the time difference between the emission and reception of the electromagnetic waves, as well as the analysis of intensity and frequency. The distance is calculated by the time difference between the emission and reception of the electromagnetic waves by the sensor, and the geological layers are distinguished by the reflection intensity reflecting the material of the object and the frequency shift reflecting the speed of movement. Among them, low frequency (100–500kHz) has a penetration depth of more than 3 meters, reflects the resistivity of the original strata, and is resistant to interference from surrounding rock; high frequency (1–2MHz) has high resolution and can identify thin layers and intrusion zones. The distance between the transmitting and receiving components is the source distance.

[0004] In existing technologies, common multi-frequency drilling resistivity measurement devices rely on a fixed source distance between the transmitter and receiver components within an active sensor. Their detection depth and resolution are limited by the pre-set mechanical structure. In real-world environments, soil variations make it difficult to match the fixed source distance between the transmitter and receiver components to the required accuracy of the measured signal waves in different geological conditions. This can easily lead to the failure to capture certain frequency signals. Furthermore, the insufficient penetration of the various frequencies of electromagnetic waves emitted by the multi-frequency transmitter within the sensor can cause data loss. The limited detection range within the soil makes it easy to lose crucial data when capturing electromagnetic waves, which affects the measurement of soil resistivity, resulting in insufficient layer analysis and biased judgments.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a multi-frequency drilling resistivity measurement device that can adaptively adjust the source distance between the sensor's transmitting and receiving components to better receive electromagnetic wave data. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems in existing technologies where the fixed source distance between the receiving and transmitting components of the sensor in different environments results in insufficient received electromagnetic wave signals, leading to insufficient detection range and depth in the soil, affecting the measurement of soil resistivity and the staff's judgment of the soil environment, a multi-frequency drilling resistivity measurement device was designed.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a multi-frequency drilling resistivity measuring device, including a drill bit, a drill rod body, a transmitting component and a receiving component, a push plate is provided on the outer wall of the receiving component, an inclined surface is provided on the inner wall of the push plate, a linkage component is connected to the side wall of the push plate, and an interlocking component is provided inside the push plate.

[0008] The linkage component is an elastic and retractable structure. It is assembled to work with the push plate. After the drill rod rotates, the linkage component balances the centrifugal force on each push plate and makes the push plate move the same distance under the centrifugal force. When the rotation speed of the drill rod body changes, the push plate is pushed by the inclined plane to move smoothly under the action of the changing centrifugal force, so as to adjust the distance between the receiving component and the transmitting component. The rotation speed of the drill rod is changed according to the hardness and depth of different soil layers, so that the centrifugal force inside the linkage component is different. Thus, the moving distance of the push plate further increases the distance between the receiving component and the transmitting component. This can be adapted to environmental changes, thereby improving the accuracy of soil resistivity measurement data.

[0009] The interlocking assembly is assembled to position and fix the moving receiving component in stages and segments. When the rotation speed of the drill rod changes, the push plate pushes the receiving component to move into the corresponding interlocking assembly to fix the receiving component. This prevents the drill rod from vibrating under force at a constant speed and sliding inside the push plate, which would affect the stability of the receiving signal and thus distort the obtained resistivity data.

[0010] Furthermore, the linkage component includes an elastic element, the two ends of which are fixed to the two sides of the push plate. The side wall of the push plate is connected to a fixed sleeve, and a movable sleeve is connected between the fixed sleeves. The elastic element is located inside the fixed sleeve and the movable sleeve. The fixed sleeve and the movable sleeve provide support force to the spring while connecting multiple push plates, so as to facilitate the balanced force among the push plates, protect the elastic element, and limit the direction of movement of the elastic element.

[0011] Furthermore, the interlocking assembly includes an upper spring and a lower spring, which are symmetrically and obliquely placed inside the push plate. One end of each upper and lower spring is fixed with a protrusion, the top of which is spherical. Multiple sets of interlocking assemblies are evenly distributed on the side wall of the push plate. After the drill rod speed setting is fixed, when the speed change is small, the spherical protrusion is fixed and clamped by the force provided by the upper and lower springs. This prevents the centrifugal force from being affected by small changes in speed, which would cause the receiving component to slide back and forth on the push plate and affect the stability of the receiving component's data reception.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer wall of the push plate is provided with a moving groove, and a fixed rod is connected inside the moving groove. The outer end of the fixed rod is fixed to the inner wall of the drill rod. When the push plate is powered by the linkage component, it expands and contracts by moving along the axial direction of the fixed rod through the moving groove. This facilitates limiting the movement of the push plate, ensuring that the push plate can only move along the axial direction of the fixed rod.

[0013] Furthermore, a slider is fixed to the outer side wall of the receiving component, and a ball is fixed inside the slider. A groove is opened on the side wall of the push plate. The groove is placed parallel to the side wall of the inclined surface. The slider is located inside the groove. The ball slides against the groove. When the push plate moves, the inclined placement of the inclined surface causes the groove to also be placed at an inclination. The groove and the slider slide together, and the push plate contracts, pushing the slider to drive the receiving component to move along the groove away from the transmitting component through the ball. This reduces the friction between the slider and the groove, making it easier for the receiving component to slide freely along the groove.

[0014] Furthermore, a spherical locking block is fixed to the side wall of the receiving component. The locking block is located between a set of sliders and is movably engaged between the protrusions. The locking block and the protrusions engage to fix the receiving component, preventing the receiving component from shaking during use and affecting the measurement results, thus causing data distortion.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner wall of the push plate is provided with an inclined groove, which forms an angle with the push plate. One end of the upper spring and the lower spring are fixed inside the inclined groove, and the protrusion is slidably placed inside the inclined groove. The inclined groove fixes the upper spring and the lower spring while limiting the movement of the protrusion, so that the protrusion can clamp the block.

[0016] Furthermore, an axial rod is fixed inside the drill pipe body, the launching component is fixed to the outer surface of the axial rod, and the receiving component slides on the outer surface of the axial rod. The axial rod fixes the launching component and the receiving component on the same straight line, so that the receiving component can always move along the axis of the axial rod when it moves.

[0017] Furthermore, the receiving component is located near the drill bit. The push plate is thicker near the transmitting component and thinner near the drill bit. The inclined surface opens outward from the transmitting component to the drill bit. As the rotation speed decreases, the push plate contracts, and the inclined surface pushes the receiving component to move towards the drill bit, increasing the distance between it and the transmitting component. This adjusts the signal reception of the multi-frequency resistivity, improving the accuracy of signal detection and data reception.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] (1) The multi-frequency resistivity measurement device described in this invention employs a dynamic coupling mechanism between the connecting components and the drill rod rotation speed and centrifugal force to achieve automatic adjustment of the distance between the receiving and transmitting components. Changes in the drill rod rotation speed drive the elastic element of the connecting components to extend and retract, causing the circumferentially distributed push plates to expand or contract synchronously along the fixed rod radially. The inclined surface on the inner side of the push plate converts the radial displacement into axial thrust, which pushes the receiving component to move along the axial rod via the slider and groove mechanism, ensuring that the source distance always matches the electromagnetic wave frequency and detection depth requirements, reducing resistivity data errors and improving measurement reliability in complex environments.

[0020] (2) The multi-frequency resistivity measurement device described in this invention uses an interlocking component to eliminate the displacement of the receiving component caused by the rotation speed fluctuation, ensuring zero distortion of the signal reception. The upper and lower springs, which are symmetrically and inclined inside the push plate, drive the spherical protrusion to extend out of the inclined groove and form a three-point contact with the spherical locking block of the receiving component. Through the adaptive pre-tightening force, the spring pre-tightening force is made greater than the centrifugal force fluctuation threshold of the same gear, thereby locking the protrusion and resisting the vibration of the drill rod. Within the range of the rotation speed fluctuation of the drill rod, the displacement of the receiving component is controlled to avoid the phase deviation of the electromagnetic wave signal caused by micro-displacement, thus ensuring the integrity of the reception of low-frequency signals in hard rock strata. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the multi-frequency drilling resistivity measurement device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the internal structure of the multi-frequency drilling resistivity measurement device of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the multi-frequency drilling resistivity measurement device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the receiving component, push plate, and linkage component of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 A three-dimensional magnified structural diagram of B;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the receiving component, push plate, and linkage component of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the push plate and the linkage component of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the receiving component of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Drill rod body; 2. Drill bit; 3. Launching component; 4. Receiving component; 41. Clamping block; 42. Sliding block; 43. Ball bearing; 5. Linking component; 51. Elastic element; 52. Fixed sleeve; 53. Moving sleeve; 6. Interlocking assembly; 61. Upper spring; 62. Lower spring; 63. Protrusion; 7. Push plate; 71. Inclined surface; 72. Slide groove; 73. Inclined groove; 74. Moving groove; 8. Fixed rod; 9. Axial rod. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the technical means, technical features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0032] Example: Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the multi-frequency drilling resistivity measuring device of the present invention includes a drill bit 2, a drill rod body 1, a transmitting component 3 and a receiving component 4. The outer wall of the receiving component 4 is provided with a push plate 7, the inner wall of the push plate 7 is provided with an inclined surface 71, the side wall of the push plate 7 is connected to a linkage component 5, and the inside of the push plate 7 is provided with an interlocking component 6.

[0033] In this embodiment, the internal main body of the multi-frequency drilling resistivity measurement device is an active sensor device located inside the drill rod body 1. The drill bit 2 facilitates the active sensor to enter the geological interior for geological layer exploration. The transmitting component 3 is an electromagnetic wave transmitter, and the receiving component 4 is an electromagnetic wave receiver. The distance between the receiving component 4 and the transmitting component 3 is also called the source distance. When the drill rod body 1 and the drill bit 2 drill into the soil, the interior of the drill rod body 1 transmits multi-frequency alternating sinusoidal electromagnetic wave signals to the strata through the transmitting component 3. The receiving component captures the electromagnetic wave signals after attenuation by the strata. By analyzing the amplitude attenuation and phase difference of the received signal, and combining it with the electromagnetic wave propagation model, the resistivity is calculated. When the drill rod enters the soil, it is affected by changes in soil texture. When the drill rod passes through soft soil, a higher rotation speed is required to quickly cut the soil and prevent the high soil viscosity from sticking to the drill bit, affecting the accuracy of the sensor's measurement of soil resistivity, thus affecting the operator's judgment of the soil geology. When the drill rod passes through hard soil... When drilling into hard soil, a lower rotation speed is required to extend the life of the drill bit 2 and reduce vibration. As the drill rod moves from soft soil into hard soil, the speed needs to be gradually reduced. During this reduction, the centrifugal force on the linkage component 5 decreases, reducing the force on the push plate 7. This pushes the push plate 7 towards the center of the drill rod body 1, causing it to contract. The inclined surface 71 of the push plate 7 changes the direction of the force exerted by the push plate 7 on the receiving component 4, causing the receiving component 4 to move along the central axis of the drill rod body 1. As the rotation speed is gradually adjusted, the receiving component 4 moves step by step. After changing the rotation speed, the interlocking component 6 limits and fixes the receiving component 4 to prevent it from swinging within the same rotation speed range, which would affect the accuracy of the receiving component 4 in capturing electromagnetic wave signals. The push plate 7 pushes the receiving component 4, thereby changing the distance between the receiving component 4 and the transmitting component 3. This distance increases with the distance drilled into the soil, thus strengthening the intensity of the electromagnetic wave signal captured by the receiving component 4 and improving the accuracy of the sensor measurement data.Specifically, the linkage component 5 is an elastic and telescopic structure, including an elastic element 51. The two ends of the elastic element 51 are fixed to both sides of the push plate 7. Fixed sleeves 52 are connected to the side walls of the push plate 7, and movable sleeves 53 are connected between the fixed sleeves 52. The elastic element 51 is located inside the fixed sleeves 52 and the movable sleeves 53. The fixed sleeves 52 and the movable sleeves 53 provide support for the spring while connecting multiple push plates 7, facilitating balanced force distribution among the push plates 7, protecting the elastic element 51, and limiting the direction of movement of the elastic element 51. The linkage component 5 is assembled to cooperate with the push plates 7. After the drill pipe rotates, each push plate 7 adjusts its load through the linkage component 5. The magnitude of the centrifugal force promotes a consistent force on the push plate 7, thereby maintaining a consistent distance the push plate 7 moves during opening and closing. When the centrifugal force changes on the linkage component 5, the push plate 7 is pushed by the inclined plane 71 to move the receiving component 4 smoothly under the action of the centrifugal force, adjusting the distance between the receiving component 4 and the transmitting component 3. The rotation speed of the drill rod is changed according to the hardness and depth of different soil layers, so that the centrifugal force inside the linkage component 5 is different. Thus, the moving distance of the push plate 7 further increases the distance between the receiving component 4 and the transmitting component 3, thereby adapting to environmental changes and improving the accuracy of soil resistivity measurement data.

[0034] In this embodiment, the linkage component 5 connects the push plates 7 via elastic elements 51. When the elastic element 51 rotates with the drill rod body 1, it is subjected to centrifugal force and opens outward inside the fixed sleeve 52 and movable sleeve 53. The force inside the elastic element 51 is uniform, thereby driving the push plates 7 to open outward synchronously. As the rotational speed of the drill rod body 1 decreases, the centrifugal force on the elastic element 51 decreases, and the elastic element 51 distributes the force evenly to the push plates 7 on both sides, thereby making the force on each push plate 7 uniform, and thus driving the push plates 7 towards the center of the drill rod body 1. The fixed sleeve 52 and the movable sleeve 53 facilitate the contraction and opening of the push plate 7. By utilizing the change in centrifugal force and the inclined surface 71 of the push plate 7 to change the force direction of the receiving component 4, it can move along the axis of the drill rod body 1. As the rotation speed of the drill rod body 1 decreases, the centrifugal force decreases, and the push plate 7 contracts to push the receiving component 4 to move, increasing the distance between the receiving component 4 and the transmitting component 3. As the drill rod enters the soil at a greater depth, the increased distance between the receiving component 4 and the transmitting component 3 can increase the depth and range of soil detection, which is beneficial to improving the data accuracy of the sensor in measuring soil resistivity.

[0035] Specifically, the interlocking assembly 6 includes an upper spring 61 and a lower spring 62, which are symmetrically and obliquely placed inside the push plate 7. A protrusion 63 is fixed to one end of each of the upper spring 61 and lower spring 62, with the top of the protrusion 63 being spherical. Multiple sets of interlocking assemblies 6 are evenly distributed on the side wall of the push plate 7. After the drill rod's rotation speed is fixed, when the rotation speed change is small, the spherical protrusion 63, under the force of the upper spring 61 and lower spring 62, clamps and secures the receiving component 4, preventing small changes in rotation speed from affecting its operation. The centrifugal force causes the receiving component 4 to slide back and forth on the push plate 7, affecting the stability of the data received by the receiving component 4. The interlocking component 6 is assembled to position and fix the moving receiving component 4 in stages and segments. When the rotation speed of the drill rod changes, the push plate 7 pushes the receiving component 4 to move into the corresponding interlocking component to fix the receiving component 4. This prevents the drill rod from vibrating under force at a constant speed and then sliding in the push plate 7, which would affect the stability of the signal received by the receiving component 4 and thus distort the obtained resistivity data.

[0036] In this embodiment, when the rotational speed of the drill rod body 1 changes step by step, changing to a different gear pushes the receiving component 4 a certain distance. After the speed change, the drill rod rotates within a certain range. At this time, the receiving component 4 is engaged with the side wall of the push plate 7 by the interlocking assembly 6. Inside the interlocking assembly 6, the inclined upper spring 61 and lower spring 62 increase the outward pushing force on the protrusion 63, pushing the protrusion 63 to the surface of the push plate 7. After the speed change, the magnitude of the centrifugal force is within a certain range. The force increased by the lower spring 62 is always greater than the force provided by the upper spring 61. At the same time, the force increased by the upper spring 61 and lower spring 62... The magnitude of the force is always greater than the centrifugal force exerted on the receiving component 4 within the speed range. The interlocking components 6 are sequentially distributed within the push plate 7 to fix the receiving component 4 step by step. The elastic coefficient between the upper spring 61 and the lower spring 62 in the multiple interlocking components 6 decreases step by step from the thick end to the thin end of the push plate 7. The elastic force of the upper spring 61 and the lower spring 62 in each interlocking component 6 is greater than the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the drill rod body 1 at that level. This prevents the rotating rod from vibrating due to the force within the same speed range and sliding within the push plate 7, which would affect the stability of the receiving signal received by the receiving component 4 and thus distort the obtained resistivity data.

[0037] Specifically, the outer wall of the push plate 7 is provided with a moving groove 74, and a fixed rod 8 is connected inside the moving groove 74. The outer end of the fixed rod 8 is fixed to the inner wall of the drill rod. When the push plate 7 is powered by the linkage component 5, it expands and contracts by moving along the axial direction of the fixed rod 8 through the moving groove 74, which facilitates limiting the movement of the push plate 7, so that the push plate 7 can only move along the axial direction of the fixed rod 8. The inner side wall of the push plate 7 is provided with an inclined groove 73, which forms an angle with the push plate 7. One end of the upper spring 61 and the lower spring 62 are fixed inside the inclined groove 73. The protrusion 63 is slidably placed inside the inclined groove 73. The inclined groove 73 fixes the upper spring 61 and the lower spring 62 and limits the movement of the protrusion 63, which facilitates the protrusion 63 to clamp the clamping block 41.

[0038] In this embodiment, when the push plate 7 moves outward, it can smoothly move along the fixed rod 8 under the action of centrifugal force through the fixed rod 8 and the moving groove 74, opening and closing the push plate 7. During the opening and closing process, the push plate 7 can adjust the back and forth movement of the receiving component 4 through the inclined groove 73. The inclined groove 73 changes the direction of the force of the upper spring 61 and the lower spring 62, so that the upper spring 61 and the lower spring 62 will not deform under the action of centrifugal force inside the inclined groove 73, thus not affecting the action of the upper spring 61 and the lower spring 62 on the protrusion 63. When the receiving component 4 is subjected to rotational speed changes, the effect of centrifugal force is less than the upward force provided by the protrusion 63 of the lower spring 62, thereby limiting the receiving component 4 above the protrusion 63 of the lower spring 62. At the same time, the force on the protrusion 63 of the upper spring 61 fixes and clamps the receiving component 4 when the rotational speed decreases due to the relative temperature.

[0039] Specifically, a slider 42 is fixed to the outer side wall of the receiving component 4, and a ball bearing 43 is fixed inside the slider 42. A groove 72 is provided on the side wall of the push plate 7. The groove 72 is placed parallel to the side wall of the inclined surface 71. The slider 42 is located inside the groove 72. The ball bearing 43 slides against the groove 72. When the push plate 7 moves, the inclined placement of the inclined surface 71 causes the groove 72 to also be placed at an inclination. The groove 72 and the slider 42 slide together. The push plate 7 contracts, pushing the slider 42 to drive the receiving component 4 to move along the groove 72 away from the transmitting component 3 through the ball bearing 43. This reduces the friction between the slider 42 and the groove 72, making it easier for the receiving component 4 to slide freely along the groove 72.

[0040] In this embodiment, the receiving component 4 moves within the groove 72 via the slider 42. Under the action of the ball bearing 43, the friction between the receiving component 4 and the push plate 7 is reduced, facilitating the push plate 7 to push the receiving component 4. When the push plate 7 retracts, it provides the receiving component 4 with a force towards the center of the receiving component 4 and a force that moves parallel to the surface of the groove 73 through the inclined groove 73 and the inclined surface 71. Under the action of the resultant force, the receiving component 4 is subjected to a force that moves along the axis of the drill pipe body 1, thereby changing the distance between the receiving component 4 and the transmitting component 3. The distance between the transmitting component 3 and the receiving component 4 is the source distance. The source distance directly affects the detection depth, resolution, and signal strength. Electromagnetic waves attenuate exponentially in the formation. The larger the source distance, the deeper the electromagnetic waves penetrate, and the deeper the formation resistivity data can be obtained. The length of the push plate 7 is within the threshold range of the source distance, so that the distance between the transmitting component 3 and the receiving component 4 is within the threshold range.

[0041] Specifically, a locking block 41 is fixed to the side wall of the receiving component 4. The locking block 41 is spherical and is located between a set of sliders 42. The locking block 41 is movably engaged between the protrusions 63. The locking block 41 and the protrusions 63 engage to fix the receiving component 4, so as to prevent the receiving component 4 from shaking during use and affecting the measurement results, thus causing data distortion.

[0042] In this embodiment, the locking block 41 and the protrusion 63 are attached to each other by a spherical arc surface. The locking block 41 is engaged between the protrusion 63 and the inclined surface 71. Under the action of the arc surface, the locking block 41 changes the direction of the force as the magnitude of the force changes. When the force required to move the locking block 41 is greater than the force provided by the lower spring 62 to the locking block 41, the protrusion 63 will be squeezed and pushed back into the inclined groove 73. This allows the receiving component 4, which is fixed to the locking block 41, to continue to move and adjust its position. When the force squeezed by the push plate 7 on the locking block 41 is always less than the force provided by the upper spring 61 and the lower spring 62 to the locking block 41 through the protrusion 63, the locking block 41 is locked and fixed between the protrusions 63, thus fixing the receiving component 4.

[0043] Specifically, an axial rod 9 is fixed inside the drill rod body 1. The transmitting component 3 is fixed to the outer surface of the axial rod 9, and the receiving component 4 slides on the outer surface of the axial rod 9. The axial rod 9 fixes the transmitting component 3 and the receiving component 4 on the same straight line, so that the receiving component 4 can always move along the axis of the axial rod 9 when moving. The receiving component 4 is located near the drill bit 2. The push plate 7 is thicker near the transmitting component 3 and thinner near the drill bit 2. The inclined surface 71 is outwardly flared from the end near the transmitting component 3 to the end near the drill bit 2. As the rotation speed decreases, the push plate 7 contracts, and the inclined surface 71 pushes the receiving component 4 to move towards the drill bit 2, increasing the distance between it and the transmitting component 3. This adjusts the signal reception of the multi-frequency resistivity and improves the accuracy of signal detection and data reception.

[0044] In this embodiment, the receiving component 4 moves along the axial rod 9 inside the drill rod body 1. When the drill rod body 1 rotates at high speed, the elastic element 51 experiences a large centrifugal force and a large tensile force, which drives the push plate 7 to expand towards the inner wall of the drill rod body 1. This pulls the receiving component 4 to be fixed at the thickest end of the push plate 7 near the transmitting component 3. At this time, the receiving component 4 captures the electromagnetic wave emitted by the transmitting component 3 with high accuracy and is less affected by interference. As the drill rod body 1 enters the soil at a greater depth, the source distance increases, which increases the number of electromagnetic wave signal sources that the multi-frequency transmitting component 3 can receive, thereby increasing the detection range and improving the detection accuracy.

[0045] Working Principle: Initially, the drill rod body 1, along with the drill bit 2 and the active sensor, moves into the soil. In shallow, soft soil, the drill rod body 1 rotates at high speed, and the elastic element 51, under pressure, drives the push plate 7 to move outward and open. At this time, the source distance between the receiving component 4 and the transmitting component 3 within the active sensor is minimal. As the drill rod continues to penetrate deeper, the soil texture changes, the soil hardness increases, and the required depth for soil detection increases. The rotational speed of the drill rod body 1 gradually decreases, the centrifugal force decreases, and the thrust on the push plate 7 decreases. This causes the push plate 7 to retract and move towards the axis of the drill rod body 1, thereby pushing the receiving component 4 along the axial rod 9 on the inclined surface 71 and the inclined groove 73. This further increases the source distance between the receiving component 4 and the transmitting component 3 within the active sensor, increasing... The electromagnetic wave detection depth of the active sensor is determined by the following process: as the receiving component 4 moves step by step and performs data detection within the same level, the interlocking assembly 6 on the push plate 7 causes the upper spring 61 and lower spring 62 to exert force on the protrusion 63, locking the receiving component 4's locking block 41 between the protrusions 63. This fixes the receiving component 4 in place, preventing it from moving back and forth when the drill rod body 1 rotates within a constant speed range within the same level. This movement would affect the receiving component 4's reception of electromagnetic wave signals, resulting in insufficient accuracy of the captured data. As the drilling depth increases, the distance between the receiving component 4 and the transmitting component 3 is increased to the maximum value of the source distance threshold. By fixing it with the interlocking assembly 6, soil resistivity can be measured as the drill rod body 1 deepens.

[0046] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-frequency resistivity measurement device while drilling, comprising a drill bit, a drill pipe body, a transmitting component, and a receiving component, characterized in that: The outer wall of the receiving component is provided with a push plate, the inner wall of the push plate is provided with an inclined surface, the side wall of the push plate is connected with a linkage component, and the inside of the push plate is provided with an interlocking component. The linkage component is an elastic and telescopic structure. It is assembled to cooperate with the push plate. After the drill pipe rotates, the linkage component balances the centrifugal force on each push plate and makes the push plate move the same distance under the centrifugal force. When the rotation speed of the drill pipe body changes, the push plate pushes the receiving component smoothly by the inclined surface under the action of the changing centrifugal force, so as to adjust the distance between the receiving component and the transmitting component. The linkage component includes an elastic element. The two ends of the elastic element are fixed to the two sides of the push plate. The side wall of the push plate is connected to a fixed sleeve. The fixed sleeve is connected to the movable sleeve. The elastic element is located inside the fixed sleeve and the movable sleeve. The fixed sleeve and the movable sleeve provide support force to the spring and connect multiple push plates at the same time. The interlocking assembly is assembled to position and fix the moving receiving component in stages and segments. When the drill pipe speed gear changes, the push plate pushes the receiving component to move into the corresponding interlocking assembly, thus fixing the receiving component. The interlocking assembly includes an upper spring and a lower spring, which are symmetrically and obliquely placed inside the push plate. A protrusion is fixed to one end of each upper and lower spring, with the top of the protrusion being spherical. Multiple sets of interlocking assemblies are evenly distributed on the side wall of the push plate. After the drill pipe speed gear is fixed, when the speed change is small, the spherical protrusion is engaged by the upper and lower springs. The receiving component is fixedly clamped by the force provided by the spring; the outer wall of the push plate has a moving groove, and a fixed rod is connected inside the moving groove. The outer end of the fixed rod is fixed to the inner wall of the drill rod. When the push plate is powered by the linkage component, it expands and contracts by moving along the axis of the fixed rod through the moving groove; a spherical block is fixed to the side wall of the receiving component. The block is located between a set of sliders and is movably engaged between the protrusions. The block and the protrusions engage to fix the receiving component. The inner side wall of the push plate has an inclined groove, and the protrusions slide inside the inclined groove.

2. The multi-frequency drilling resistivity measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slider is fixed to the outer side wall of the receiving component, and a ball is fixed inside the slider. A groove is opened on the side wall of the push plate. The groove is placed parallel to the side wall of the inclined surface. The slider is located inside the groove. The ball slides against the groove. When the push plate moves, the inclined placement of the inclined surface causes the groove to also be placed at an inclination. The groove and the slider slide together. The push plate contracts, pushing the slider to drive the receiving component along the groove away from the transmitting component through the ball.

3. The multi-frequency drilling resistivity measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined groove forms an angle with the push plate. One end of the upper spring and the lower spring are both fixed inside the inclined groove. The inclined groove fixes the upper spring and the lower spring while limiting the movement of the protrusion.

4. The multi-frequency drilling resistivity measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An axial rod is fixed inside the drill rod body. The launching component is fixed to the outer surface of the axial rod, and the receiving component slides on the outer surface of the axial rod. The axial rod fixes the launching component and the receiving component on the same straight line.

5. The multi-frequency drilling resistivity measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving component is located near the drill bit. The push plate is thicker near the transmitting component and thinner near the drill bit. The inclined surface opens outward from the transmitting component to the drill bit. As the rotation speed decreases, the push plate contracts, and the inclined surface pushes the receiving component to move towards the drill bit, increasing the distance between it and the transmitting component.

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