Intelligent lightning interceptor and lightning strike sensing method suitable for communication base station

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of lightning perception, in particular to an intelligent lightning interceptor suitable for a communication base station and a lightning perception method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring current electromagnetic pulse signals captured at each target node in a target communication base station, and acquiring the vertical electric field intensity of each target node in the target communication base station within a current monitoring period; determining a current electric field accumulation degree; if the current electric field accumulation degree is greater than a preset lightning threshold, determining a current signal source position according to the current electromagnetic pulse signals captured at different target nodes; determining a current position credibility and a current lightning possibility index; and judging whether a lightning activity will occur at present according to the current lightning possibility index, so that lightning perception is realized. The current electromagnetic pulse signals and the vertical electric field intensity are comprehensively analyzed, and the interference condition of a near-field interference source is combined, lightning perception is realized, and the accuracy of lightning perception is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lightning strike detection technology, specifically to an intelligent lightning interceptor and lightning strike detection method suitable for communication base stations. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous increase in the construction of communication base stations, the threat of lightning strikes to communication equipment has become increasingly important. A direct lightning strike to a base station can not only damage equipment but also cause data transmission interruptions, thus affecting the normal operation of communication services. Therefore, lightning protection technology is receiving increasing attention in the communications field. Existing lightning protection equipment mainly consists of traditional lightning rods and surge arresters, but these devices are usually unable to effectively detect the danger of an impending lightning strike and are often only used for protection during a lightning strike. Therefore, to improve the lightning protection capabilities of communication base stations, intelligent lightning interceptors have emerged. These devices can often detect lightning strikes, monitor and intercept them in real time, and reduce the impact of lightning strikes on base stations. At the same time, with the development of artificial intelligence and Internet of Things technologies, lightning protection for base stations is gradually shifting from passive response to proactive sensing and intelligent protection.

[0003] Currently, lightning strike detection is achieved using either electric field sensing or lightning sensor methods. However, these methods often rely on a single physical parameter for analysis and are susceptible to interference in high-density electromagnetic environments. For example, they may be affected by near-field interference sources such as distribution boxes and power equipment within communication base stations, leading to false alarms or missed alarms and consequently, poor accuracy in lightning strike detection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem of poor accuracy in lightning strike detection, this invention proposes an intelligent lightning interceptor and lightning strike detection method suitable for communication base stations.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a lightning strike detection method suitable for communication base stations, the method comprising:

[0006] Acquire the current electromagnetic pulse signal captured at each target node within the target communication base station, and acquire the vertical electric field strength of each target node within the target communication base station during the current monitoring period;

[0007] The current electric field accumulation degree is determined based on the upward trend of the vertical electric field intensity of each target node during the current monitoring period.

[0008] If the current electric field accumulation is greater than the preset lightning threshold, the current signal source location is determined based on the current electromagnetic pulse signals captured at different target nodes.

[0009] The reliability of the current position is determined based on the amplitude changes of the current electromagnetic pulse signals at all target nodes and the distance changes between all target nodes and the current signal source position.

[0010] Based on the distance between each near-field interference source within the target communication base station and the current signal source location, as well as the reliability of the current location, determine the current possible indicators of a lightning strike.

[0011] Based on current lightning strike probability indicators, it can be determined whether a lightning strike is likely to occur, thereby achieving lightning strike detection.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect described above, in one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0013] Any lightning strike activity sensed by the target communication base station is identified as the target lightning strike activity;

[0014] The measured voltage value at the time of the target lightning strike is obtained, and the theoretical induced voltage at the time of the target lightning strike is determined by the Rusck formula.

[0015] If both the measured voltage and the theoretical induced voltage at the time of the target lightning strike are within the preset low-to-medium voltage range, then the target lightning strike is determined to be a low-to-medium voltage lightning strike.

[0016] If the target lightning strike is a medium- or low-voltage lightning strike, the ratio between the theoretical induced voltage and the measured voltage at the time of the target lightning strike is normalized to obtain the protection index at the time of the target lightning strike.

[0017] If the protection index at the time of the target lightning strike is greater than the preset protection threshold, the target lightning strike is determined to be a successful medium- and low-voltage induction protection activity.

[0018] If the protection index at the time of the target lightning strike is less than or equal to the preset protection threshold, the target lightning strike is determined to be a low-to-medium voltage induction protection failure.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect described above, in one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0020] A medium- and low-voltage lightning activity sensing network is constructed based on the electromagnetic pulse signals corresponding to all successful medium- and low-voltage induction protection activities and all failed medium- and low-voltage induction protection activities.

[0021] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, determining the current electric field accumulation degree based on the upward trend of the vertical electric field intensity among each target node during the current monitoring period includes:

[0022] The vertical electric field intensities of each target node during the current monitoring period are used to construct the vertical electric field intensity sequence for each target node.

[0023] The increment between each adjacent vertical electric field intensity in the vertical electric field intensity sequence corresponding to each target node is determined as the target increment, thus forming the target increment sequence corresponding to each target node.

[0024] Normalize the cumulative value of all target increments in the target increment sequence corresponding to each target node to obtain the upward trend degree corresponding to each target node;

[0025] The maximum value among the upward trend degrees corresponding to all target nodes is determined as the current electric field accumulation degree.

[0026] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, determining the current signal source location based on the current electromagnetic pulse signals captured at different target nodes includes:

[0027] Based on the pulse signal waveform data corresponding to the current electromagnetic pulse signal captured at each two target nodes, the pulse time difference between each two target nodes is determined by cross-correlation analysis.

[0028] The current signal source location is determined using the TDOA algorithm based on the pulse time difference between different target nodes.

[0029] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, determining the reliability of the current position based on the amplitude changes among the current electromagnetic pulse signals at all target nodes and the distance changes between all target nodes and the current signal source position includes:

[0030] The Euclidean distance between each target node and the current signal source location is determined as the target distance for each target node;

[0031] Based on the target distances corresponding to all target nodes, sort all target nodes in descending order to obtain the target node sequence;

[0032] The target distances corresponding to all target nodes in the target node sequence are used to form a target distance sequence;

[0033] The peak amplitude sequence is formed by taking the peak amplitude of the current electromagnetic pulse signal at all target nodes in the target node sequence.

[0034] The Pearson correlation coefficient between the target distance sequence and the peak amplitude sequence is determined as the target correlation coefficient;

[0035] The difference between constant 1 and the target correlation coefficient is normalized to obtain the current position confidence level.

[0036] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, determining the current lightning strike probability index based on the distance between each near-field interference source within the target communication base station and the current signal source location, as well as the reliability of the current location, includes:

[0037] The Euclidean distance between each near-field interference source and the current signal source location is determined as the initial evaluation value of the positional difference corresponding to each near-field interference source.

[0038] The difference between constant 1 and the current position confidence level is determined as the current adjustment coefficient;

[0039] Based on the current adjustment coefficient, the initial evaluation value of the position difference corresponding to each near-field interference source is adjusted to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the position difference corresponding to each near-field interference source.

[0040] The minimum value among the comprehensive evaluation values ​​of the location differences corresponding to all near-field interference sources is determined as the current potential lightning strike indicator.

[0041] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, adjusting the initial assessment value of the position difference corresponding to each near-field interference source according to the current adjustment coefficient to obtain a comprehensive assessment value of the position difference corresponding to each near-field interference source includes:

[0042] The sum of constant 1 and the current adjustment coefficient is determined as the current correction coefficient;

[0043] The product of the current correction coefficient and the initial evaluation value of the position difference corresponding to each near-field interference source is normalized to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the position difference corresponding to each near-field interference source.

[0044] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, determining whether a lightning strike will occur based on the current lightning strike probability index includes:

[0045] If the current lightning strike probability index is less than or equal to the preset probability threshold, it is determined that the current situation is near-field interference and no lightning strike will occur.

[0046] If the current lightning strike probability index is greater than the preset probability threshold, then it is determined that a lightning strike has occurred.

[0047] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an intelligent lightning interceptor suitable for communication base stations, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is used to process instructions stored in the memory to implement the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0048] Thirdly, the present invention provides a lightning strike detection system suitable for communication base stations, the system comprising:

[0049] The data acquisition module is used to acquire the current electromagnetic pulse signal captured at each target node within the target communication base station, and to acquire the vertical electric field strength of each target node within the target communication base station during the current monitoring period.

[0050] The current electric field accumulation determination module is used to determine the current electric field accumulation based on the upward trend of the vertical electric field intensity of each target node during the current monitoring period.

[0051] The current signal source location determination module is used to determine the current signal source location based on the current electromagnetic pulse signals captured at different target nodes if the current electric field accumulation is greater than the preset lightning threshold.

[0052] The current location confidence determination module is used to determine the confidence of the current location based on the amplitude changes between the current electromagnetic pulse signals at all target nodes and the distance changes between all target nodes and the current signal source location.

[0053] The current lightning strike probability determination module is used to determine the current lightning strike probability based on the distance between each near-field interference source within the target communication base station and the current signal source location, as well as the reliability of the current location.

[0054] The lightning strike detection module is used to determine whether a lightning strike is likely to occur based on current lightning strike probability indicators, thereby achieving lightning strike detection.

[0055] Fourthly, a server is provided, including a memory and a processor. The memory is used to store executable program code, and the processor is used to call and run the executable program code from the memory, causing the device to perform the methods of the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0056] Fifthly, a computer program product is provided, comprising: computer program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0057] In a sixth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores computer program code, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0058] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0059] This invention provides a lightning strike detection method suitable for communication base stations. It comprehensively analyzes the current electromagnetic pulse signal and vertical electric field strength, and incorporates the interference from near-field interference sources to achieve lightning strike detection, thus solving the technical problem of poor accuracy in lightning strike detection and improving its accuracy. Specifically, this invention comprehensively considers multiple factors related to lightning strike characteristics, such as the upward trend of vertical electric field strength, the amplitude variation of current electromagnetic pulse signals at different target nodes, and the distance variation between different target nodes and the current signal source location. It also incorporates the distance between near-field interference sources and the current signal source location, to a certain extent considering the interference from near-field interference sources. Finally, based on the current lightning strike probability indicators, it determines whether a lightning strike will occur, thereby achieving lightning strike detection and improving its accuracy to a certain extent. Attached Figure Description

[0060] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0061] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a lightning strike detection method applicable to communication base stations according to the present invention;

[0062] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a lightning strike sensing system suitable for communication base stations according to the present invention;

[0063] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0064] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the technical solution proposed according to the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0065] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0066] refer to Figure 1The flowchart illustrates some embodiments of a lightning strike detection method for communication base stations according to the present invention. This lightning strike detection method for communication base stations includes the following steps:

[0067] Step S1: Obtain the current electromagnetic pulse signal captured at each target node within the target communication base station, and obtain the vertical electric field intensity of each target node within the target communication base station during the current monitoring period.

[0068] The target communication base station can consist of communication base stations in the same region. The target node can be a communication base station that captures an electromagnetic pulse signal within the current time period. The end time of the current time period can be the current moment, and the duration of the current time period can be 1 second. The end time of the current monitoring period can be the current moment, and the duration of the current monitoring period can be greater than the duration of the current time period, i.e., the duration of the current time period can be 1 minute. Vertical electric field strength can characterize the electric field strength in the vertical direction.

[0069] It should be noted that when a lightning strike is about to occur, multiple base stations often detect the electromagnetic pulse signal almost simultaneously. In other words, when multiple base stations detect the electromagnetic pulse signal almost simultaneously, a lightning strike is likely to occur.

[0070] As an example, electromagnetic pulse signals can be captured by electromagnetic sensors installed inside communication base stations. The electric field strength in the vertical direction of the communication base station over a period of time can be collected by a field mill electric field meter installed inside the communication base station, and recorded as the vertical electric field strength.

[0071] Step S2: Determine the current electric field accumulation degree based on the upward trend of the vertical electric field intensity of each target node during the current monitoring period.

[0072] In reality, lightning discharge is often a strict physical process: charge accumulation (continuous enhancement of the electrostatic field) to air breakdown (instantaneous change of the electric field and radiation of an electromagnetic pulse). Signals that violate this law are often interference. Therefore, based on the above principles, passive, transient electromagnetic interference, such as switching arcs and motor noise, often only consists of pulses without the preceding electric field accumulation process. Thus, it is possible to filter out interference to some extent. For example, the previously captured electromagnetic pulse signal could be caused by actual lightning or by other interfering events.

[0073] As an example, this step may include the following steps:

[0074] The first step is to construct a sequence of vertical electric field intensities for each target node during the current monitoring period.

[0075] The vertical electric field intensity sequence can be a time series.

[0076] The second step is to determine the increment between each adjacent vertical electric field intensity in the vertical electric field intensity sequence corresponding to each target node as the target increment, thus forming the target increment sequence corresponding to each target node.

[0077] The increment between adjacent vertical electric field intensities can be equal to the difference between the previous and subsequent vertical electric field intensities.

[0078] For example, the increment between the first and second vertical electric field strengths can be equal to the second vertical electric field strength minus the first vertical electric field strength.

[0079] The third step is to normalize the cumulative value of all target increments in the target increment sequence corresponding to each target node to obtain the upward trend degree corresponding to each target node.

[0080] It should be noted that the greater the upward trend of the target node, the more likely the vertical electric field intensity of the target node is to show an upward trend during the current monitoring period.

[0081] The fourth step is to determine the maximum value among the upward trend degrees corresponding to all target nodes as the current electric field accumulation degree.

[0082] It should be noted that a higher current electric field accumulation generally indicates a greater likelihood of a lightning strike and is more likely to be classified as a potential lightning event. Conversely, a lower current electric field accumulation generally indicates a greater likelihood of a suspected interference event.

[0083] Step S3: If the current electric field accumulation is greater than the preset lightning threshold, the current signal source location is determined based on the current electromagnetic pulse signals captured at different target nodes.

[0084] The preset lightning threshold can be a pre-set threshold, which can be 0.35.

[0085] It should be noted that when the current electric field accumulation exceeds the preset lightning threshold, the current event can often be recorded as a potential lightning event.

[0086] As an example, this step may include the following steps:

[0087] The first step is to determine the pulse time difference between each pair of target nodes by using cross-correlation analysis based on the pulse signal waveform data corresponding to the current electromagnetic pulse signal captured at each pair of target nodes.

[0088] The second step is to determine the current signal source location based on the pulse time difference between different target nodes using the TDOA (Time Difference of Arrival) algorithm.

[0089] The current signal source position can be the signal source position calculated using the TDOA algorithm.

[0090] Step S4: Determine the reliability of the current position based on the amplitude changes of the current electromagnetic pulse signals at all target nodes and the distance changes between all target nodes and the current signal source position.

[0091] As an example, this step may include the following steps:

[0092] The first step is to determine the target distance for each target node by calculating the Euclidean distance between each target node and the current signal source location.

[0093] The second step is to sort all target nodes in descending order based on their target distances to obtain a target node sequence.

[0094] Among them, the earlier the target node in the target node sequence, the farther away it is from the current signal source.

[0095] The third step is to construct a target distance sequence by taking the target distances corresponding to all target nodes in the above target node sequence.

[0096] It should be noted that, since the earlier target nodes in the target node sequence are farther from the current signal source, the target distance to the earlier target in the sequence is greater.

[0097] The fourth step is to construct a peak amplitude sequence by taking the peak amplitudes of the current electromagnetic pulse signals at all target nodes in the above target node sequence.

[0098] It should be noted that the peak amplitude sequence can characterize the change in signal amplitude of nodes from farthest to near the current signal source location.

[0099] The fifth step is to determine the Pearson correlation coefficient between the target distance sequence and the peak amplitude sequence as the target correlation coefficient.

[0100] The sixth step is to normalize the difference between constant 1 and the above target correlation coefficient to obtain the current position confidence level.

[0101] It should be noted that, based on the theory of electromagnetic wave attenuation with distance, it can be inferred that the signal amplitude received by a sensor at a greater distance should generally be smaller. If the actual data conforms to this rule, it usually indicates a higher reliability of the positioning result; conversely, it usually indicates a greater likelihood of significant deviation in the positioning calculation and the presence of interference. Therefore, a higher reliability of the current location generally indicates a higher reliability of the positioning result.

[0102] Step S5: Determine the current lightning strike probability indicators based on the distance between each near-field interference source within the target communication base station and the current signal source location, as well as the reliability of the current location.

[0103] Near-field interference sources, also known as electromagnetic interference sources, may include, but are not limited to, distribution boxes, power equipment, and switch boxes.

[0104] As an example, this step may include the following steps:

[0105] The first step is to determine the Euclidean distance between each near-field interference source and the current signal source location as the initial evaluation value of the positional difference corresponding to each near-field interference source.

[0106] The second step is to determine the difference between constant 1 and the current position confidence level as the current adjustment coefficient.

[0107] It should be noted that the greater the confidence level of the current location, the more accurately the initial assessment value of the location difference corresponding to the near-field interference source can characterize the actual distance between the near-field interference source and the signal source, and the less adjustment is needed.

[0108] The third step involves adjusting the initial assessment value of the position difference corresponding to each near-field interference source based on the aforementioned adjustment coefficients. Obtaining the comprehensive assessment value of the position difference corresponding to each near-field interference source may include the following sub-steps:

[0109] The first sub-step is to determine the sum of constant 1 and the current adjustment coefficient as the current correction coefficient.

[0110] The second sub-step involves normalizing the product between the current correction coefficient and the initial evaluation value of the position difference corresponding to each near-field interference source to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the position difference corresponding to each near-field interference source.

[0111] The fourth step is to determine the minimum value among the comprehensive evaluation values ​​of the location differences corresponding to all near-field interference sources as the current possible lightning strike indicator.

[0112] It should be noted that the lower the current lightning strike probability index, the higher the reliability of the signal source location and the closer it is to the near-field interference source. This usually indicates that the captured electromagnetic pulse signal is more likely to be caused by interference from the near-field interference source, and that a lightning strike is less likely to occur. Conversely, a higher current lightning strike probability index usually indicates a greater likelihood of a lightning strike.

[0113] Step S6: Based on the current lightning strike probability indicators, determine whether a lightning strike will occur, thereby achieving lightning strike detection.

[0114] As an example, this step may include the following steps:

[0115] The first step is to determine that if the current lightning strike probability index is less than or equal to the preset probability threshold, it is likely that the current situation is near-field interference and lightning strikes are unlikely to occur.

[0116] The preset possible threshold can be a pre-set threshold, which can be 0.23.

[0117] The second step is to determine that lightning strike activity is likely to occur if the current lightning strike probability index is greater than the preset probability threshold.

[0118] Optionally, embodiments of the present invention may further include the following steps:

[0119] The first step is to identify any lightning strike activity sensed by the target communication base station as the target lightning strike activity.

[0120] The second step is to obtain the measured voltage value when the above-mentioned target lightning strike activity occurs, and to determine the theoretical induced voltage when the above-mentioned target lightning strike activity occurs using the Rusck formula.

[0121] The measured voltage value can be the average measured voltage of all base stations within the target communication base station. The theoretical induced voltage can be the average voltage of all base stations within the target communication base station without lightning protection, which can be estimated using Rusck's formula.

[0122] The third step is to determine that if the measured voltage and the theoretical induced voltage at the time of the aforementioned target lightning strike both fall within the preset low-to-medium voltage range, then the aforementioned target lightning strike is classified as a low-to-medium voltage lightning strike.

[0123] The preset low-voltage range can be a pre-set voltage range, which can be 500V-3000V.

[0124] It should be noted that if both the measured voltage and the theoretical induced voltage at the time of the target lightning strike are within the preset low-to-medium voltage range, it often indicates that the target lightning strike is more likely to be a typical low-to-medium voltage lightning induced event that is the main cause of equipment damage.

[0125] In practice, current protection standards primarily target lightning-induced high voltage levels above 3000V, while protection measures for the medium-low voltage range of 3000V to 500V are significantly inadequate. Lightning-induced voltages occur frequently and have a significant energy accumulation effect in this range, making it a major cause of damage to most communication base station equipment.

[0126] Fourth, if the aforementioned target lightning activity is a medium- or low-voltage lightning activity, the ratio between the theoretical induced voltage and the measured voltage value at the time of the aforementioned target lightning activity is normalized to obtain the protection index at the time of the aforementioned target lightning activity.

[0127] It should be noted that if the theoretical induced voltage is significantly higher than the measured voltage, it often indicates that the lightning interceptor has functioned and the lightning has been successfully protected against; conversely, it may indicate that lightning activity has caused equipment failure or other unknown problems.

[0128] Fifth, if the protection index when the above-mentioned target lightning strike occurs is greater than the preset protection threshold, then the above-mentioned target lightning strike is determined to be a successful medium and low voltage induction protection activity.

[0129] The preset protection threshold can be a pre-set threshold, which can be 0.65.

[0130] Step 6: If the protection index when the above-mentioned target lightning strike occurs is less than or equal to the preset protection threshold, then the above-mentioned target lightning strike is determined to be a medium- and low-voltage induction protection failure activity.

[0131] It should be noted that when the protection index of the target lightning strike activity is greater than or equal to 0.65, the target lightning strike activity can be considered to have been successfully protected against, and the target lightning strike activity will be marked as a successful medium- and low-voltage induced protection activity; otherwise, the target lightning strike activity will be marked as a failed medium- and low-voltage induced protection activity.

[0132] Optionally, a medium- and low-voltage lightning activity sensing network can be constructed based on the electromagnetic pulse signals corresponding to all successful medium- and low-voltage induction protection activities and the electromagnetic pulse signals corresponding to all failed medium- and low-voltage induction protection activities. The medium- and low-voltage lightning activity sensing network can be a deep neural network, such as a CNN (Convolutional Neural Network).

[0133] For example, the electromagnetic pulse signal corresponding to each successful medium- and low-voltage induction protection activity can be recorded as a training sample, and the electromagnetic pulse signal corresponding to each failed medium- and low-voltage induction protection activity can be recorded as a training sample. The constructed CNN network can be trained using these training samples, and the trained CNN network can be recorded as the medium- and low-voltage lightning activity sensing network.

[0134] It should be noted that, based on the electromagnetic pulse signals corresponding to all successful and failed medium- and low-voltage induction protection activities, deep neural networks (such as 1D-CNN for waveform processing and 2D-CNN for spectrum processing) can automatically extract deep, nonlinear features from these raw data. This allows for the automatic learning of complex interference patterns that are difficult to define manually (such as specific equipment start-up and shutdown pulses). This enables the discovery of edge cases that are difficult to identify through conventional logic and provides high-confidence event classification results. Consequently, the system can respond promptly after medium- and low-voltage lightning activity, enabling timely and efficient fault recovery and targeted protection upgrades. Furthermore, the long-term record-based lightning risk profile of base stations allows for configuration optimization to address insufficient equipment protection.

[0135] Based on the same inventive concept as the above-described method embodiments, this invention provides an intelligent lightning interceptor suitable for communication base stations, comprising: a lightning arrester, a down conductor, a grounding device, other auxiliary equipment, a processor, and a memory. The processor processes instructions stored in the memory to implement the aforementioned lightning strike detection method suitable for communication base stations. The lightning arrester, such as a lightning rod or lightning protection strip, is mainly used to intercept lightning and guide it to the ground. The down conductor can be a metal conductor connecting the lightning arrester and the grounding device, mainly used to safely introduce the lightning current into the ground. The grounding device is often a metal conductor or grounding grid buried in the soil, mainly used to effectively discharge the lightning current into the ground. Other auxiliary equipment, such as surge protectors (SPDs) and equipotential bonding devices, are mainly used to further improve the lightning protection effect and protect equipment safety.

[0136] It should be noted that the core function of a lightning interceptor is to intercept lightning. Through its unique lightning-catching device (such as a lightning rod or lightning strip), it can guide lightning to itself and safely discharge it into the ground, thereby protecting the surrounding area or equipment from the harm of direct lightning strikes.

[0137] refer to Figure 2 Based on the same inventive concept as the above-described method embodiments, this invention provides a lightning strike detection system suitable for communication base stations. The system includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When executed by the processor, the computer program implements the steps of a lightning strike detection method suitable for communication base stations, specifically including:

[0138] The data acquisition module 201 is used to acquire the current electromagnetic pulse signal captured at each target node in the target communication base station, and to acquire the vertical electric field strength of each target node in the target communication base station during the current monitoring period.

[0139] The current electric field accumulation determination module 202 is used to determine the current electric field accumulation based on the upward trend of the vertical electric field intensity of each target node during the current monitoring period.

[0140] The current signal source location determination module 203 is used to determine the current signal source location based on the current electromagnetic pulse signal captured at different target nodes if the current electric field accumulation is greater than the preset lightning threshold.

[0141] The current position confidence determination module 204 is used to determine the current position confidence based on the amplitude changes between the current electromagnetic pulse signals at all target nodes and the distance changes between all target nodes and the current signal source position.

[0142] The current lightning strike probability determination module 205 is used to determine the current lightning strike probability based on the distance between each near-field interference source within the target communication base station and the current signal source location, as well as the reliability of the current location.

[0143] The lightning strike sensing module 206 is used to determine whether a lightning strike will occur based on the current lightning strike probability indicators, thereby realizing lightning strike sensing.

[0144] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. For example, as shown... Figure 3 As shown, the computer device 300 includes: a memory 301, a processor 302, and a computer program 303 stored in the memory 301 and running on the processor 302. When the processor 302 executes the computer program 303, the computer device can execute any of the lightning strike detection methods for communication base stations described above.

[0145] Based on the same inventive concept as the above-described method embodiments, the present invention provides a server, including a memory and a processor. The memory is used to store executable program code, and the processor is used to call and run the executable program code from the memory, causing the device to execute any of the above-described lightning strike detection methods applicable to communication base stations.

[0146] Based on the same inventive concept as the above-described method embodiments, the present invention provides a computer program product comprising: computer program code, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to execute any of the above-described lightning strike detection methods applicable to communication base stations.

[0147] Based on the same inventive concept as the above-described method embodiments, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer program code, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the above-described lightning strike detection methods applicable to communication base stations.

[0148] In summary, this invention comprehensively considers multiple factors related to lightning strike characteristics, such as the upward trend of vertical electric field strength, the amplitude variation of current electromagnetic pulse signals at different target nodes, and the distance variation between different target nodes and the current signal source location. It also considers the interference of near-field interference sources to a certain extent by combining the distance between near-field interference sources and the current signal source location. Finally, based on the current lightning strike probability indicators, it determines whether a lightning strike will occur, thereby achieving lightning strike detection and improving the accuracy of lightning strike detection to a certain extent.

[0149] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightning strike detection method suitable for communication base stations, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Acquire the current electromagnetic pulse signal captured at each target node within the target communication base station, and acquire the vertical electric field strength of each target node within the target communication base station during the current monitoring period; The current electric field accumulation degree is determined based on the upward trend of the vertical electric field intensity of each target node during the current monitoring period. If the current electric field accumulation is greater than the preset lightning threshold, the current signal source location is determined based on the current electromagnetic pulse signals captured at different target nodes. The reliability of the current position is determined based on the amplitude changes of the current electromagnetic pulse signals at all target nodes and the distance changes between all target nodes and the current signal source position. Based on the distance between each near-field interference source within the target communication base station and the current signal source location, as well as the reliability of the current location, determine the current possible indicators of a lightning strike. Based on current lightning strike probability indicators, it can be determined whether a lightning strike is likely to occur, thereby achieving lightning strike detection.

2. The lightning strike detection method for communication base stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Any lightning strike activity sensed by the target communication base station is identified as the target lightning strike activity; The measured voltage value at the time of the target lightning strike is obtained, and the theoretical induced voltage at the time of the target lightning strike is determined by the Rusck formula. If both the measured voltage and the theoretical induced voltage at the time of the target lightning strike are within the preset low-to-medium voltage range, then the target lightning strike is determined to be a low-to-medium voltage lightning strike. If the target lightning strike is a medium- or low-voltage lightning strike, the ratio between the theoretical induced voltage and the measured voltage at the time of the target lightning strike is normalized to obtain the protection index at the time of the target lightning strike. If the protection index at the time of the target lightning strike is greater than the preset protection threshold, the target lightning strike is determined to be a successful medium- and low-voltage induction protection activity. If the protection index at the time of the target lightning strike is less than or equal to the preset protection threshold, the target lightning strike is determined to be a low-to-medium voltage induction protection failure.

3. The lightning strike detection method for communication base stations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: A medium- and low-voltage lightning activity sensing network is constructed based on the electromagnetic pulse signals corresponding to all successful medium- and low-voltage induction protection activities and all failed medium- and low-voltage induction protection activities.

4. The lightning strike detection method for communication base stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the current electric field accumulation degree based on the upward trend of the vertical electric field intensity of each target node during the current monitoring period includes: The vertical electric field intensities of each target node during the current monitoring period are used to construct the vertical electric field intensity sequence for each target node. The increment between each adjacent vertical electric field intensity in the vertical electric field intensity sequence corresponding to each target node is determined as the target increment, thus forming the target increment sequence corresponding to each target node. Normalize the cumulative value of all target increments in the target increment sequence corresponding to each target node to obtain the upward trend degree corresponding to each target node; The maximum value among the upward trend degrees corresponding to all target nodes is determined as the current electric field accumulation degree.

5. The lightning strike detection method for communication base stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the current signal source location based on the current electromagnetic pulse signals captured at different target nodes includes: Based on the pulse signal waveform data corresponding to the current electromagnetic pulse signal captured at each two target nodes, the pulse time difference between each two target nodes is determined by cross-correlation analysis. The current signal source location is determined using the TDOA algorithm based on the pulse time difference between different target nodes.

6. A lightning strike detection method suitable for communication base stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the current position reliability based on the amplitude changes among the current electromagnetic pulse signals at all target nodes and the distance changes between all target nodes and the current signal source position includes: The Euclidean distance between each target node and the current signal source location is determined as the target distance for each target node; Based on the target distances corresponding to all target nodes, sort all target nodes in descending order to obtain the target node sequence; The target distances corresponding to all target nodes in the target node sequence are used to form a target distance sequence; The peak amplitude sequence is formed by taking the peak amplitude of the current electromagnetic pulse signal at all target nodes in the target node sequence. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the target distance sequence and the peak amplitude sequence is determined as the target correlation coefficient; The difference between constant 1 and the target correlation coefficient is normalized to obtain the current position confidence level.

7. A lightning strike detection method suitable for communication base stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the current lightning strike probability indicators based on the distance between each near-field interference source within the target communication base station and the current signal source location, as well as the reliability of the current location, includes: The Euclidean distance between each near-field interference source and the current signal source location is determined as the initial evaluation value of the positional difference corresponding to each near-field interference source. The difference between constant 1 and the current position confidence level is determined as the current adjustment coefficient; Based on the current adjustment coefficient, the initial evaluation value of the position difference corresponding to each near-field interference source is adjusted to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the position difference corresponding to each near-field interference source. The minimum value among the comprehensive evaluation values ​​of the location differences corresponding to all near-field interference sources is determined as the current potential lightning strike indicator.

8. A lightning strike detection method suitable for communication base stations according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the initial assessment value of the position difference corresponding to each near-field interference source according to the current adjustment coefficient to obtain the comprehensive assessment value of the position difference corresponding to each near-field interference source includes: The sum of constant 1 and the current adjustment coefficient is determined as the current correction coefficient; The product of the current correction coefficient and the initial evaluation value of the position difference corresponding to each near-field interference source is normalized to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the position difference corresponding to each near-field interference source.

9. A lightning strike detection method suitable for communication base stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining whether a lightning strike will occur based on current lightning strike probability indicators includes: If the current lightning strike probability index is less than or equal to the preset probability threshold, it is determined that the current situation is near-field interference and no lightning strike will occur. If the current lightning strike probability index is greater than the preset probability threshold, then it is determined that a lightning strike has occurred.

10. A smart lightning interceptor suitable for communication base stations, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the processor being used to process instructions stored in the memory to implement a lightning strike detection method suitable for a communication base station according to any one of claims 1-9.

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