Sound-insulation and heat-insulation composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, in particular to a sound-insulation and heat-insulation composite material and a preparation method thereof.Multiple modified filler components with special structures and performance are introduced into the composite material, and a good sound-insulation and heat-insulation effect is achieved through the synergistic effect; modified hollow glass beads in the modified filler component have a hollow structure, and the structure can effectively block the transmission of sound and heat and play a role in sound insulation and heat insulation; the sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotube has a unique tubular structure, can increase the scattering and reflection paths of sound waves and heat flow in the material, and reduces the conduction efficiency of sound and heat; the nano silicon dioxide modified graphene oxide has a layered structure, and a large number of tiny pores can be formed between layers, so that transmission of sound and heat is further hindered; meanwhile, cesium tungsten bronze nano-powder is selected as the PVC heat insulation agent, and the substance has excellent optical performance and can reflect and scatter infrared rays and reduce heat transfer through radiation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of composite material technology, specifically to a sound-insulating and heat-insulating composite material and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rise of industries such as customized furniture and quick-install wall panels, the application of PVC in the home decoration field has become more and more widespread. As people's living standards improve, people have increasingly diversified home decoration styles and higher requirements for decoration quality. In addition, the concepts of green environmental protection and energy conservation and emission reduction are becoming more and more accepted. Therefore, modifying PVC in the home decoration field to make it a multifunctional composite material with sound insulation and heat insulation properties has good social significance.

[0003] However, some composite sound and heat insulation materials currently on the market still have performance shortcomings. Poor compatibility between fillers and matrix materials in some composites leads to uneven distribution of fillers within the matrix, preventing the full utilization of their performance advantages and thus affecting the overall sound and heat insulation effect of the material. Therefore, how to improve upon the shortcomings of existing sound and heat insulation composite materials has become a pressing technical problem for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical problems to be solved In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a sound insulation and heat insulation composite material and its preparation method, which can effectively solve the problem of insufficient performance of the existing composite sound insulation and heat insulation materials.

[0005] Technical solution

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A sound-insulating and heat-insulating composite material, wherein the sound-insulating and heat-insulating composite material is composed of the following components: PVC powder, modified filler component, modified fiber component, PVC crosslinking agent, PVC heat insulation agent, liquid barium zinc stabilizer, high molecular weight polyester polyol, impact-resistant agent, ultraviolet shielding agent and titanium dioxide; The modified filler component is prepared by mixing modified hollow glass microspheres, sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and nano-silica-modified graphene oxide in equal weight ratios. The modified fiber component is prepared by modifying basalt fiber with dopamine hydrochloride.

[0007] Furthermore, the method for preparing the modified hollow glass microspheres is as follows: 40-50g of hollow glass microspheres, 4-5mL of silane coupling agent KH-570 and 250mL of pure water were poured into a magnetic stirrer and stirred at 400r / min for 1h at 60℃. After cooling to room temperature, the filtrate was removed by vacuum filtration. The filter cake was then placed in an oven at 80℃ and dried until constant temperature. The resulting product is the modified hollow glass microspheres.

[0008] Furthermore, the preparation method of the sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes is as follows: S301. Weigh 1g of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and pour them into 100mL of pure water. Disperse them ultrasonically at 300W for 30min, then stir at 300r / min for 30min. Add 2g of sodium thiosulfate dropwise while stirring. Continue stirring for 30min after the addition is complete. The result is recorded as the mixed component. S302. Add 15 mL of 5 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution to the mixed components and control the addition time to 3 h. After the addition is complete, continue stirring for 2-4 h, then filter to remove the filtrate. Rinse the filter cake with pure water until the washing liquid is neutral, and then dry it in an oven at 65-70℃ until the temperature is constant. The result is sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes.

[0009] Furthermore, the preparation method of the nano-silica modified graphite oxide is as follows: S401. Weigh 3-4g of graphene oxide and disperse it in 1L of 96% ethanol aqueous solution. After ultrasonic dispersion at 200W for 30min, the resulting solution is recorded as the suspension component. S402. Add 55-56 mL of ammonia solution to the suspension component, stir at 200 r / min for 10 min, then add 28-30 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate, continue stirring at room temperature for 24 h, and then perform vacuum filtration. After washing the filter cake 3-5 times with anhydrous ethanol, place it at 60℃ and vacuum dry for 5 h to obtain nano-silica modified graphite oxide.

[0010] Furthermore, the preparation method of the modified filler component is as follows: Modified hollow glass microspheres, sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and nano-silica-modified graphene oxide were weighed in equal weight ratio and poured into a ball mill. The mixture was ball-milled at a speed of 300 r / min for 30 min at a material-to-ball ratio of 1:10. The resulting material is the modified filler component.

[0011] Furthermore, the method for preparing the modified fiber component is as follows: S601. Weigh 2g of dopamine hydrochloride and dissolve it in 1L of pure water. Stir at 500r / min for 10min. The resulting solution is called the dopamine solution. S602. Basalt fibers are immersed in acetone and ultrasonically dispersed at 300W for 30 minutes. The filtrate is then filtered to remove the filtrate and dried in an oven at 58℃ for 1-2 hours. This is recorded as pretreated fiber. S603. Weigh 10g of pretreated fiber and immerse it in dopamine solution. Add 1mol / L Tris buffer solution to adjust the pH to 8.5. Disperse the fiber by ultrasonication at 200W for 10min and then stir at 200r / min for 24h. After filtration, rinse with pure water 3-5 times and dry in an oven at 60℃ for 5-6h. The resulting product is the modified fiber component.

[0012] Furthermore, the PVC crosslinking agent is triallyl isocyanurate.

[0013] Furthermore, the PVC heat insulation agent is cesium tungsten bronze nanoparticles.

[0014] A method for preparing a sound-insulating and heat-insulating composite material, wherein the preparation method comprises: S1. Weigh out 90-100 parts by weight of PVC powder, 10-15 parts of modified filler component, 3-5 parts of modified fiber component, 0.1-0.2 parts of PVC crosslinking agent, 1-3 parts of PVC heat insulation agent, 3-4 parts of stabilizer, 16-24 parts of high molecular weight polyester polyol, 1-3 parts of impact agent, 0.5-1 part of ultraviolet shielding agent and 3-10 parts of titanium dioxide into an internal mixer. After mixing, perform preliminary plasticization at a temperature of 150-170℃. The result is recorded as the initial plasticizing component. S2. After the primary plasticizing component is subjected to secondary plasticization at a temperature of 160-170℃, it is extruded through a screw extruder at a temperature of 165-180℃. The result is called the composite plasticizing component. S3. The plasticized components are subjected to 5-roll calendering. The temperatures of the 5-roll calender are 175-180℃ for roll 1, 178-185℃ for roll 2, 180-190℃ for roll 3, 185-195℃ for roll 4, and 180-190℃ for roll 5. The resulting material is a sound insulation and heat insulation composite material.

[0015] Furthermore, the mixing method in S1 is to first stir at a stirring speed of 50-300 r / min for 40-80 s under the conditions of stirring temperature of 80-110℃ and stirring current of 320-360A, and then stir at a stirring speed of 400-600 r / min for 150-200 s.

[0016] Beneficial effects

[0017] This invention provides a sound-insulating and heat-insulating composite material and its preparation method. Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following advantages: 1. The composite material of this invention incorporates a variety of modified filler components with special structures and properties, which work synergistically to achieve excellent sound and heat insulation effects. The modified hollow glass microspheres in the modified filler components have a hollow structure, which effectively blocks the transmission of sound and heat, thus providing sound and heat insulation. The sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes have a unique tubular structure, which increases the scattering and reflection paths of sound waves and heat flow within the material, reducing the efficiency of sound and heat conduction. The nano-silica-modified graphene oxide has a layered structure, and numerous micropores can be formed between the layers, further hindering the transmission of sound and heat. Simultaneously, the PVC heat insulation agent uses cesium tungsten bronze nanoparticles, which have excellent optical properties, reflecting and scattering infrared rays, reducing heat transfer through radiation, thereby enhancing the material's heat insulation performance. The synergistic effect of these components makes the composite material perform excellently in sound and heat insulation, effectively reducing the impact of external noise on the indoor environment, while also reducing the exchange of heat between indoors and outdoors, improving the thermal insulation performance of buildings or equipment, and reducing energy consumption.

[0018] 2. The modified fiber component in this invention is prepared by modifying basalt fiber with dopamine hydrochloride. Basalt fiber itself has the characteristics of high strength and high modulus. After modification with dopamine hydrochloride, active groups are introduced on the fiber surface, which can enhance the interfacial bonding force between the fiber and the matrix material. When the composite material is subjected to external force, the modified fiber can better transmit and disperse stress, thus playing a role in strengthening and toughening. In addition, the addition of high molecular weight polyester polyol can improve the flexibility and impact resistance of the material. Working together with the modified fiber, the composite material maintains a certain rigidity while having good toughness and is not prone to brittle fracture. Therefore, the prepared composite material has good mechanical properties, can withstand a certain amount of external impact and deformation, and is suitable for various complex use environments.

[0019] 3. This invention prepares sound and heat insulation composite materials through processes such as mixing, plasticizing, extrusion, and calendering. During the mixing process, under specific temperature, current, and stirring speed conditions, the components can be fully and uniformly mixed, allowing the modified filler and modified fiber components to be uniformly dispersed in the PVC matrix. The preliminary and secondary plasticizing processes enable the PVC molecular chains to undergo a certain degree of cross-linking and orientation, improving the mechanical and processing properties of the material. The extrusion process forms the plasticized material into profiles with specific shapes and sizes, facilitating subsequent processing and use. The 5-roll calendering process precisely controls the temperature of each roll, allowing the material to gradually cool and solidify during calendering, forming a composite material with a smooth surface and uniform thickness. This preparation method is simple, easy to operate, and enables large-scale production of composite materials. The resulting sound and heat insulation composite material has a uniform microstructure and excellent performance, meeting the needs of different fields for sound and heat insulation materials. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0022] The sources of some components in the examples and comparative examples are as follows: Hollow glass microspheres, Haode Insulation Materials Co., Ltd.; Silane coupling agent KH-570, Jinan Jinhui Chemical Co., Ltd.; Multi-walled carbon nanotubes, Harbin Wanxin Graphite Valley Technology Co., Ltd.; Sodium thiosulfate, Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.; Graphene oxide, Deyang Xitan Technology Co., Ltd. Tetraethyl orthosilicate, Chengdu Kelong Chemical Reagent Factory; Ammonia solution, Chengdu Kelong Chemical Reagent Factory; Dopamine hydrochloride, Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. Basalt fiber, Sichuan Pavoco Mineral Fiber Products Co., Ltd.; Acetone, Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.; Tris buffer, Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.; Triallyl isocyanurate, Wuhan Chengtian Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.; Cesium tungsten bronze nanoparticles, with a particle size of 10-20 nm, manufactured by Shanghai Nalinwei Nanotechnology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Stabilizer, liquid barium zinc stabilizer, Nantong Aidewang Chemical Co., Ltd.; High-molecular-weight polyester polyols, DIC Corporation; Impact resistant agent, KM-376 impact resistant ACR, Dow Chemical; UV shielding agent, BASF UV-P; Titanium dioxide, Tianjin Maister Technology Co., Ltd.

[0023] Example 1 This embodiment provides a sound and heat insulation composite material, which is composed of the following components: PVC powder, modified filler components, modified fiber components, PVC crosslinking agent, PVC heat insulation agent, liquid barium zinc stabilizer, high molecular weight polyester polyol, impact-resistant agent, ultraviolet shielding agent, and titanium dioxide. The modified filler component is prepared by mixing modified hollow glass microspheres, sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and nano-silica-modified graphene oxide in equal weight ratios. The preparation method of the modified hollow glass microspheres is as follows: 40g of hollow glass microspheres, 4mL of silane coupling agent KH-570 and 250mL of pure water were poured into a magnetic stirrer and stirred at 400r / min for 1h at 60℃. After cooling to room temperature, the filtrate was removed by vacuum filtration. The filter cake was placed in an oven at 80℃ and dried until constant temperature. The result is the modified hollow glass microspheres.

[0024] The preparation method of sulfur-supported modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes is as follows: S301. Weigh 1g of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and pour them into 100mL of pure water. Disperse them ultrasonically at 300W for 30min, then stir at 300r / min for 30min. Add 2g of sodium thiosulfate dropwise while stirring. Continue stirring for 30min after the addition is complete. The result is recorded as the mixed component. S302. Add 15 mL of 5 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution to the mixed components and control the addition time to 3 h. After the addition is completed, continue stirring for 2 h and then filter to remove the filtrate. Rinse the filter cake with pure water until the washing liquid is neutral and then place it in an oven at 65℃ to dry to a constant temperature. The result is sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes.

[0025] The preparation method of nano-silica modified graphite oxide is as follows: S401. Weigh 3g of graphene oxide and disperse it in 1L of 96% ethanol aqueous solution. After ultrasonic dispersion at 200W for 30min, the resulting solution is recorded as the suspension component. S402. Add 55 mL of ammonia solution to the suspension component, stir at 200 r / min for 10 min, then add 28 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate, continue stirring at room temperature for 24 h, and then perform vacuum filtration. The filter cake is washed three times by filtration with anhydrous ethanol and then vacuum dried at 60℃ for 5 h. The result is nano-silica modified graphite oxide.

[0026] The preparation method of the modified filler component is as follows: Modified hollow glass microspheres, sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and nano-silica-modified graphene oxide were weighed in equal weight ratio and poured into a ball mill. The mixture was ball-milled at a speed of 300 r / min for 30 min at a material-to-ball ratio of 1:10. The resulting material is the modified filler component.

[0027] The modified fiber component is prepared by modifying basalt fibers with dopamine hydrochloride. The preparation method is as follows: S601. Weigh 2g of dopamine hydrochloride and dissolve it in 1L of pure water. Stir at 500r / min for 10min. The resulting solution is called the dopamine solution. S602. Basalt fibers are immersed in acetone and ultrasonically dispersed at 300W for 30 minutes. The filtrate is then filtered to remove the filtrate and dried in an oven at 58℃ for 1 hour. This is recorded as pretreated fiber. S603. Weigh 10g of pretreated fiber and immerse it in dopamine solution. Add 1mol / L Tris buffer solution to adjust the pH to 8.5. Disperse the fiber by ultrasonication at 200W for 10min and then stir at 200r / min for 24h. After filtration, rinse three times with pure water and dry in an oven at 60℃ for 5h. The resulting product is the modified fiber component.

[0028] The PVC crosslinking agent is triallyl isocyanurate.

[0029] The PVC insulation agent is cesium tungsten bronze nanoparticles.

[0030] A method for preparing a sound-insulating and heat-insulating composite material, the preparation method being as follows: S1. Weigh out 90 parts by weight of PVC powder, 10 parts of modified filler component, 3 parts of modified fiber component, 0.1 parts of PVC crosslinking agent, 1 part of PVC heat insulation agent, 3 parts of stabilizer, 16 parts of high molecular weight polyester polyol, 1 part of impact agent, 0.5 parts of ultraviolet shielding agent and 3 parts of titanium dioxide into a mixer. After mixing, perform preliminary plasticization at 150°C. The result is recorded as the initial plasticizing component. The mixing method is to stir at 50 r / min for 40 s under the conditions of mixing temperature of 80°C and mixing current of 320A, and then stir at 400 r / min for 150 s. S2. The primary plasticizing component is subjected to secondary plasticization at a temperature of 160°C and then extruded through a screw extruder at a temperature of 165°C. The resulting product is called the composite plasticizing component. S3. The plasticized components are subjected to 5-roll calendering. The temperatures of the 5-roll calender are 175℃ for roll 1, 178℃ for roll 2, 180℃ for roll 3, 185℃ for roll 4, and 180℃ for roll 5. The resulting material is a sound insulation and heat insulation composite material.

[0031] Example 2 This embodiment provides a sound and heat insulation composite material, which is composed of the following components: PVC powder, modified filler components, modified fiber components, PVC crosslinking agent, PVC heat insulation agent, liquid barium zinc stabilizer, high molecular weight polyester polyol, impact-resistant agent, ultraviolet shielding agent, and titanium dioxide. The modified filler component is prepared by mixing modified hollow glass microspheres, sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and nano-silica-modified graphene oxide in equal weight ratios. The preparation method of the modified hollow glass microspheres is as follows: 40g of hollow glass microspheres, 4mL of silane coupling agent KH-570 and 250mL of pure water were poured into a magnetic stirrer and stirred at 400r / min for 1h at 60℃. After cooling to room temperature, the filtrate was removed by vacuum filtration. The filter cake was placed in an oven at 80℃ and dried until constant temperature. The result is the modified hollow glass microspheres.

[0032] The preparation method of sulfur-supported modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes is as follows: S301. Weigh 1g of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and pour them into 100mL of pure water. Disperse them ultrasonically at 300W for 30min, then stir at 300r / min for 30min. Add 2g of sodium thiosulfate dropwise while stirring. Continue stirring for 30min after the addition is complete. The result is recorded as the mixed component. S302. Add 15 mL of 5 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution to the mixed components and control the addition time to 3 h. After the addition is completed, continue stirring for 2 h and then filter to remove the filtrate. Rinse the filter cake with pure water until the washing liquid is neutral and then place it in an oven at 65℃ to dry to a constant temperature. The result is sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes.

[0033] The preparation method of nano-silica modified graphite oxide is as follows: S401. Weigh 3g of graphene oxide and disperse it in 1L of 96% ethanol aqueous solution. After ultrasonic dispersion at 200W for 30min, the resulting solution is recorded as the suspension component. S402. Add 55 mL of ammonia solution to the suspension component, stir at 200 r / min for 10 min, then add 28 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate, continue stirring at room temperature for 24 h, and then perform vacuum filtration. The filter cake is washed three times by filtration with anhydrous ethanol and then vacuum dried at 60℃ for 5 h. The result is nano-silica modified graphite oxide.

[0034] The preparation method of the modified filler component is as follows: Modified hollow glass microspheres, sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and nano-silica-modified graphene oxide were weighed in equal weight ratio and poured into a ball mill. The mixture was ball-milled at a speed of 300 r / min for 30 min at a material-to-ball ratio of 1:10. The resulting material is the modified filler component.

[0035] The modified fiber component is prepared by modifying basalt fibers with dopamine hydrochloride. The preparation method is as follows: S601. Weigh 2g of dopamine hydrochloride and dissolve it in 1L of pure water. Stir at 500r / min for 10min. The resulting solution is called the dopamine solution. S602. Basalt fibers are immersed in acetone and ultrasonically dispersed at 300W for 30 minutes. The filtrate is then filtered to remove the filtrate and dried in an oven at 58℃ for 1 hour. This is recorded as pretreated fiber. S603. Weigh 10g of pretreated fiber and immerse it in dopamine solution. Add 1mol / L Tris buffer solution to adjust the pH to 8.5. Disperse the fiber by ultrasonication at 200W for 10min and then stir at 200r / min for 24h. After filtration, rinse three times with pure water and dry in an oven at 60℃ for 5h. The resulting product is the modified fiber component.

[0036] The PVC crosslinking agent is triallyl isocyanurate.

[0037] The PVC insulation agent is cesium tungsten bronze nanoparticles.

[0038] A method for preparing a sound-insulating and heat-insulating composite material, the preparation method being as follows: S1. Weigh out 90 parts by weight of PVC powder, 10 parts of modified filler component, 3 parts of modified fiber component, 0.1 parts of PVC crosslinking agent, 1 part of PVC heat insulation agent, 3 parts of stabilizer, 16 parts of high molecular weight polyester polyol, 1 part of impact agent, 0.5 parts of ultraviolet shielding agent and 3 parts of titanium dioxide into a mixer. After mixing, perform preliminary plasticization at 150°C. The result is recorded as the initial plasticizing component. The mixing method is to stir at 50 r / min for 40 s under the conditions of mixing temperature of 80°C and mixing current of 320A, and then stir at 400 r / min for 150 s. S2. The primary plasticizing component is subjected to secondary plasticization at a temperature of 160°C and then extruded through a screw extruder at a temperature of 165°C. The resulting product is called the composite plasticizing component. S3. The plasticized components are subjected to 5-roll calendering. The temperatures of the 5-roll calender are 175℃ for roll 1, 178℃ for roll 2, 180℃ for roll 3, 185℃ for roll 4, and 180℃ for roll 5. The resulting material is a sound insulation and heat insulation composite material.

[0039] Example 3 This embodiment provides a sound and heat insulation composite material, which is composed of the following components: PVC powder, modified filler components, modified fiber components, PVC crosslinking agent, PVC heat insulation agent, liquid barium zinc stabilizer, high molecular weight polyester polyol, impact-resistant agent, ultraviolet shielding agent, and titanium dioxide. The modified filler component is prepared by mixing modified hollow glass microspheres, sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and nano-silica-modified graphene oxide in equal weight ratios. The preparation method of the modified hollow glass microspheres is as follows: 45g of hollow glass microspheres, 5mL of silane coupling agent KH-570 and 250mL of pure water were poured into a magnetic stirrer and stirred at 400r / min for 1h at 60℃. After cooling to room temperature, the filtrate was removed by vacuum filtration. The filter cake was placed in an oven at 80℃ and dried until constant temperature. The result is the modified hollow glass microspheres.

[0040] The preparation method of sulfur-supported modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes is as follows: S301. Weigh 1g of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and pour them into 100mL of pure water. Disperse them ultrasonically at 300W for 30min, then stir at 300r / min for 30min. Add 2g of sodium thiosulfate dropwise while stirring. Continue stirring for 30min after the addition is complete. The result is recorded as the mixed component. S302. Add 15 mL of 5 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution to the mixed components and control the addition time to 3 h. After the addition is completed, continue stirring for 3 h and then filter to remove the filtrate. Rinse the filter cake with pure water until the washing liquid is neutral and then place it in an oven at 68℃ to dry to a constant temperature. The result is sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes.

[0041] The preparation method of nano-silica modified graphite oxide is as follows: S401. Weigh 4g of graphene oxide and disperse it in 1L of 96% ethanol aqueous solution. After ultrasonic dispersion at 200W for 30min, the resulting solution is recorded as the suspension component. S402. Add 56 mL of ammonia solution to the suspension component, stir at 200 r / min for 10 min, then add 29 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate, continue stirring at room temperature for 24 h, and then perform vacuum filtration. The filter cake is washed 4 times by anhydrous ethanol filtration and then vacuum dried at 60℃ for 5 h. The result is nano-silica modified graphite oxide.

[0042] The preparation method of the modified filler component is as follows: Modified hollow glass microspheres, sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and nano-silica-modified graphene oxide were weighed in equal weight ratio and poured into a ball mill. The mixture was ball-milled at a speed of 300 r / min for 30 min at a material-to-ball ratio of 1:10. The resulting material is the modified filler component.

[0043] The modified fiber component is prepared by modifying basalt fibers with dopamine hydrochloride. The preparation method is as follows: S601. Weigh 2g of dopamine hydrochloride and dissolve it in 1L of pure water. Stir at 500r / min for 10min. The resulting solution is called the dopamine solution. S602. Basalt fibers are immersed in acetone and ultrasonically dispersed at 300W for 30 minutes. The filtrate is then filtered to remove the filtrate and dried in an oven at 58℃ for 2 hours. This is recorded as pretreated fiber. S603. Weigh 10g of pretreated fiber and immerse it in dopamine solution. Add 1mol / L Tris buffer solution to adjust the pH to 8.5. Disperse the fiber by ultrasonication at 200W for 10min and then stir at 200r / min for 24h. After filtration, rinse 4 times with pure water and dry in an oven at 60℃ for 6h. The resulting product is the modified fiber component.

[0044] The PVC crosslinking agent is triallyl isocyanurate.

[0045] The PVC insulation agent is cesium tungsten bronze nanoparticles.

[0046] A method for preparing a sound-insulating and heat-insulating composite material, the preparation method being as follows: S1. Weigh out 95 parts by weight of PVC powder, 13 parts by weight of modified filler component, 4 parts by weight of modified fiber component, 0.2 parts by weight of PVC crosslinking agent, 2 parts by weight of PVC heat insulation agent, 4 parts by weight of stabilizer, 20 parts by weight of high molecular weight polyester polyol, 2 parts by weight of impact agent, 0.8 parts by weight of ultraviolet shielding agent and 7 parts by weight of titanium dioxide and pour them into a mixer. After mixing, perform preliminary plasticization at a temperature of 160°C. The result is recorded as the initial plasticizing component. The mixing method is to stir at a stirring speed of 200 r / min for 60 s under the conditions of mixing temperature of 95°C and mixing current of 340 A, and then stir at a stirring speed of 500 r / min for 180 s. S2. The primary plasticizing component is subjected to secondary plasticization at a temperature of 165°C and then extruded through a screw extruder at a temperature of 172°C. The result is denoted as the composite plasticizing component. S3. The plasticized components are subjected to 5-roll calendering. The temperatures of the 5-roll calender are 178℃ for roll 1, 182℃ for roll 2, 185℃ for roll 3, 190℃ for roll 4, and 185℃ for roll 5. The resulting material is a sound insulation and heat insulation composite material.

[0047] Comparative Example 1 The sound and heat insulation composite material and its preparation method provided in this comparative example are generally the same as those in Example 1. The main difference is that the modified filler component in Example 1 is replaced with the modified hollow glass microspheres in Example 1.

[0048] Comparative Example 2 The sound and heat insulation composite material and its preparation method provided in this comparative example are generally the same as those in Example 1. The main difference is that the modified filler component in Example 1 is replaced with the sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes in Example 1.

[0049] Comparative Example 3 The sound and heat insulation composite material and its preparation method provided in this comparative example are generally the same as those in Example 1. The main difference is that the modified filler component in Example 1 is replaced with nano-silica modified graphene oxide in Example 1.

[0050] Performance testing The sound and heat insulation composite materials prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were labeled as Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, and Comparative Example 3, respectively. The performance of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was then tested. The specific testing methods and items are as follows: 1. The tensile strength and flexural strength of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested according to the standard GB / T9341-2008, and the data obtained are recorded in the table below; 2. The thermal conductivity of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested using a general-purpose thermal conductivity meter based on the hot-wire method, and the obtained data are recorded in the table below; 3. The sound wave generator emits sound waves from 0-6000Hz and records the blank acoustic waveform (V0). Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are placed between the sound wave generator and the sensor, and the acoustic waveform (V1) is tested again. The formula for calculating the sound wave rejection rate is: Sound wave rejection rate = (V0-V1) / V0. The obtained data is recorded in the table below.

[0051] The data in the table above shows that the mechanical properties, sound insulation properties, and heat insulation properties of the sound insulation and heat insulation composite materials in Examples 1-3 are all better than those in Comparative Examples 1-3. This indicates that in the preparation of the sound insulation and heat insulation composite materials, the addition of modified hollow glass microspheres, sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and nano-silica-modified graphene oxide for synergistic enhancement can improve the performance of the sound insulation and heat insulation composite materials.

[0052] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0053] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sound-insulating and heat-insulating composite material, characterized in that, The sound and heat insulation composite material is composed of the following components: PVC powder, modified filler components, modified fiber components, PVC crosslinking agent, PVC heat insulation agent, liquid barium zinc stabilizer, high molecular weight polyester polyol, impact agent, ultraviolet shielding agent and titanium dioxide; The modified filler component is prepared by mixing modified hollow glass microspheres, sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and nano-silica-modified graphene oxide in equal weight ratios. The modified fiber component is prepared by modifying basalt fiber with dopamine hydrochloride.

2. The sound and heat insulation composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the modified hollow glass microspheres is as follows: 40-50g of hollow glass microspheres, 4-5mL of silane coupling agent KH-570 and 250mL of pure water were poured into a magnetic stirrer and stirred at 400r / min for 1h at 60℃. After cooling to room temperature, the filtrate was removed by vacuum filtration. The filter cake was then placed in an oven at 80℃ and dried until constant temperature. The resulting product is the modified hollow glass microspheres.

3. The sound and heat insulation composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes is as follows: S301. Weigh 1g of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and pour them into 100mL of pure water. Disperse them ultrasonically at 300W for 30min, then stir at 300r / min for 30min. Add 2g of sodium thiosulfate dropwise while stirring. Continue stirring for 30min after the addition is complete. The result is recorded as the mixed component. S302. Add 15 mL of 5 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution to the mixed components and control the addition time to 3 h. After the addition is complete, continue stirring for 2-4 h, then filter to remove the filtrate. Rinse the filter cake with pure water until the washing liquid is neutral, and then dry it in an oven at 65-70℃ until the temperature is constant. The result is sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes.

4. The sound and heat insulation composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the nano-silica modified graphite oxide is as follows: S401. Weigh 3-4g of graphene oxide and disperse it in 1L of 96% ethanol aqueous solution. After ultrasonic dispersion at 200W for 30min, the resulting solution is recorded as the suspension component. S402. Add 55-56 mL of ammonia solution to the suspension component, stir at 200 r / min for 10 min, then add 28-30 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate, continue stirring at room temperature for 24 h, and then perform vacuum filtration. After washing the filter cake 3-5 times with anhydrous ethanol, place it at 60℃ and vacuum dry for 5 h to obtain nano-silica modified graphite oxide.

5. The sound and heat insulation composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the modified filler component is as follows: Modified hollow glass microspheres, sulfur-loaded modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and nano-silica-modified graphene oxide were weighed in equal weight ratio and poured into a ball mill. The mixture was ball-milled at a speed of 300 r / min for 30 min at a material-to-ball ratio of 1:

10. The resulting material is the modified filler component.

6. The sound and heat insulation composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the modified fiber component is as follows: S601. Weigh 2g of dopamine hydrochloride and dissolve it in 1L of pure water. Stir at 500r / min for 10min. The resulting solution is called the dopamine solution. S602. Basalt fibers are immersed in acetone and ultrasonically dispersed at 300W for 30 minutes. The filtrate is then filtered to remove the filtrate. The fibers are then dried in an oven at 58℃ for 1-2 hours and are recorded as pretreated fibers. S603. Weigh 10g of pretreated fiber and immerse it in dopamine solution. Add 1mol / L Tris buffer solution to adjust the pH to 8.

5. Disperse the fiber by ultrasonication at 200W for 10min and then stir at 200r / min for 24h. After filtration, rinse with pure water 3-5 times and dry in an oven at 60℃ for 5-6h. The resulting product is the modified fiber component.

7. The sound and heat insulation composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PVC crosslinking agent is triallyl isocyanurate.

8. The sound and heat insulation composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PVC heat insulation agent is cesium tungsten bronze nanoparticles.

9. A method for preparing a sound-insulating and heat-insulating composite material according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The preparation method is as follows: S1. Weigh out 90-100 parts by weight of PVC powder, 10-15 parts of modified filler component, 3-5 parts of modified fiber component, 0.1-0.2 parts of PVC crosslinking agent, 1-3 parts of PVC heat insulation agent, 3-4 parts of stabilizer, 16-24 parts of high molecular weight polyester polyol, 1-3 parts of impact agent, 0.5-1 part of ultraviolet shielding agent and 3-10 parts of titanium dioxide into an internal mixer. After mixing, perform preliminary plasticization at a temperature of 150-170℃. The result is recorded as the initial plasticizing component. S2. After the primary plasticizing component is subjected to secondary plasticization at a temperature of 160-170℃, it is extruded through a screw extruder at a temperature of 165-180℃. The result is called the composite plasticizing component. S3. The plasticized components are subjected to 5-roll calendering. The temperatures of the 5-roll calender are 175-180℃ for roll 1, 178-185℃ for roll 2, 180-190℃ for roll 3, 185-195℃ for roll 4, and 180-190℃ for roll 5. The resulting material is a sound insulation and heat insulation composite material.

10. The method for preparing a sound-insulating and heat-insulating composite material according to claim 9, characterized in that, The mixing method in S1 is as follows: under the conditions of mixing temperature of 80-110℃ and mixing current of 320-360A, first stir at a stirring speed of 50-300r / min for 40-80s, and then stir at a stirring speed of 400-600r / min for 150-200s.

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