Blue round sardine breeding feed and its application in improving blue round sardine fertilized egg quality

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a Decapterus maruadsi breeding feed and application thereof in improving quality of Decapterus maruadsi fertilized eggs. The present application provides a Decapterus maruadsi breeding feed, which comprises two independent first and second feeds; the first feed comprises a basic feed, fish pulp and a nutritional supplement; the second feed comprises the first feed and oyster meat; and the nutritional supplement comprises calcium pantothenate, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin C and vitamin F. The Decapterus maruadsi breeding feed can be used for nutritional supplement of Decapterus maruadsi parent fish, so as to promote synchronous development of gonads of male and female parent fish, improve quality of Decapterus maruadsi fertilized eggs, and increase good egg rate of Decapterus maruadsi fertilized eggs to 88.50%, which is 39.15% higher than that of a control group, and improve fertilization rate of Decapterus maruadsi fertilized eggs to 79.58%, which is 19.46% higher than that of the control group.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aquaculture technology, specifically relating to blue trevally farming feed and its application in improving the quality of blue trevally fertilized eggs. Background Technology

[0002] Blue trevally (Decapterus maruadsi), also known as mackerel or pond trevally, belongs to the genus Decapterus in the family Carangidae of the order Perciformes. It has a spindle-shaped, slightly laterally compressed body and is a warm-water, mid-to-upper-level migratory fish found in coastal waters. Wild-caught blue trevally are typically processed into dried fish, surimi, or snack foods due to their low fat content and poor taste. However, farmed blue trevally have delicious, fatty, juicy, and nutritious flesh, making them popular with consumers and aquaculture farmers. Currently, the supply of artificially farmed blue trevally fry almost entirely relies on wild-caught fish, and is affected by the year and season, resulting in unstable fry supply. This has seriously hindered the development of large-scale blue trevally farming, making the artificial breeding of blue trevally fry an urgent issue.

[0003] The artificial breeding of blue trevally is relatively recent and has developed rapidly, but research on its nutritional requirements is still lacking. In its natural environment, blue trevally primarily feed on copepods, ostracods, cephalopods, small fish, shrimp, and crabs. Currently, artificially bred blue trevally are mainly fed with fresh miscellaneous fish and formulated feed for blue trevally. However, fresh miscellaneous fish are difficult to store, easily spoil, and can cause eutrophication and nutritional imbalances in the aquaculture water, resulting in low survival rates and high breeding costs. Formulated feed for blue trevally is insufficient to meet the growth requirements of blue trevally, resulting in slow growth, high feed conversion ratios, and high breeding costs. The key to achieving large-scale blue trevally farming lies in the supply of fry. The quality of fry often depends on the quality of fertilized eggs from parent fish. Therefore, developing a highly efficient and high-quality formulated feed specifically for blue trevally, nutritionally fortifying parent fish, promoting gonadal development, and thus improving the quality of fertilized eggs is crucial for the development of the blue trevally aquaculture industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, develop a breeding feed for blue trevally, to nutritionally fortify blue trevally broodstock, promote the development of the gonads of blue trevally broodstock, and thus improve the quality of blue trevally fertilized eggs, and increase the rate of good eggs and fertilization rate of blue trevally fertilized eggs.

[0005] This invention provides a blue trevally aquaculture feed, the feed comprising two independent first feeds and second feeds; The first type of feed includes basal feed, fish paste, and nutritional fortifiers; The second type of feed includes the first type of feed and oyster meat; The nutritional fortifier contains calcium pantothenate, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin C, vitamin F, and water.

[0006] Preferably, the mass ratio of the basic feed to the fish paste in the first type of feed is 1:(1.5~2). In the first type of feed, the total mass ratio of the basic feed and fish paste to the nutritional fortifier is 100:(0.5~1); the nutritional fortifier contains 5~10g / Kg calcium pantothenate, 2~3g / Kg vitamin B1, 1~2g / Kg vitamin B2, 0.5~1g / Kg vitamin B6, 80~100g / Kg vitamin C, 15~20g / Kg vitamin F and water.

[0007] Preferably, the mass ratio of the nutrient fortifier to oyster meat in the second type of feed is (0.5~1):10.

[0008] This invention provides the application of the blue trevally aquaculture feed described in the above technical solution in blue trevally aquaculture.

[0009] The present invention provides the application of the blue trevally farming feed described in the above technical solution in promoting the gonadal development of blue trevally and / or improving the quality of blue trevally fertilized eggs.

[0010] Preferably, improving the quality of blue trevally fertilized eggs includes increasing the rate of good eggs and / or the fertilization rate.

[0011] This invention provides a method for enhanced breeding of blue trevally broodstock, comprising the following steps: For the first 30-45 days of intensive cultivation, feed the blue trevally aquaculture feed as described in the above technical solution daily, and then feed the blue trevally aquaculture feed as described in the above technical solution daily; the intensive cultivation period is 60-75 days. The daily feeding rate for both the first and second types of feed is 4-8%. During the intensive breeding of blue trevally broodstock, the water temperature was initially increased from 15-16℃, with a 0.5-1℃ increase every 2 days, and then maintained at 23-24℃.

[0012] Preferably, the first type of feed and the second type of feed are fed twice a day, once in the morning and once in the afternoon.

[0013] This invention provides a method for the artificial breeding of the blue trevally, comprising the following steps: After the blue trevally parent fish are intensively cultured using the enhanced culture method described above, artificial spawning is induced, and the eggs are collected and then hatched.

[0014] Preferably, the method for collecting good eggs includes: placing the fertilized eggs obtained by artificial induction into an incubation tank filled with natural seawater, aerating for 5 minutes, letting it stand for 10 minutes, and the fertilized eggs that are suspended are good eggs; The incubation process uses incubation tanks filled with natural seawater, slightly aerated, with a water temperature of 23.5°C.

[0015] Beneficial effects: This invention provides a blue trevally aquaculture feed, comprising two independent feeds: a first feed and a second feed. The first feed includes a basal feed, fish paste, and a nutritional fortifier. The second feed includes the first feed and oyster meat. The nutritional fortifier contains calcium pantothenate, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin C, and vitamin F. Using this blue trevally aquaculture feed to nutritionally fortify broodstock can promote gonadal development and improve the quality of fertilized eggs. Results from examples show that feeding with this blue trevally aquaculture feed promotes synchronous gonadal development in both male and female broodstock, improves the quality of fertilized eggs, and achieves a good egg rate of 88.50%, 39.15% higher than the control group, and a fertilization rate of 79.58%, 19.46% higher than the control group. Detailed Implementation

[0016] This invention provides a blue trevally aquaculture feed, the feed comprising two independent first feeds and second feeds; The first type of feed includes basal feed, fish paste, and nutritional fortifiers; The second type of feed includes the first type of feed and oyster meat; The nutritional fortifier contains calcium pantothenate, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin C, vitamin F, and water.

[0017] In one embodiment, the mass ratio of basal feed to fish paste in the first type of feed of the present invention is 1:1.5~2; in another embodiment, the mass ratio of basal feed to fish paste in the first type of feed of the present invention is 1:1.5. The present invention does not have strict requirements on the composition of the basal feed; any conventional basal feed used for blue trevally farming is acceptable. The fish paste of the present invention has the effect of promoting feeding in broodstock.

[0018] In one embodiment, the mass ratio of the total mass of the basic feed and fish paste to the nutrient fortifier in the first type of feed of the present invention is 100:0.5~1; in another embodiment, the mass ratio of the total mass of the basic feed and fish paste to the nutrient fortifier in the first type of feed of the present invention is 100:0.5.

[0019] In one embodiment, the nutrient fortifier of the present invention contains 5-10 g / kg of calcium pantothenate, 2-3 g / kg of vitamin B1, 1-2 g / kg of vitamin B2, 0.5-1 g / kg of vitamin B6, 80-100 g / kg of vitamin C, 15-20 g / kg of vitamin F, and water. In another embodiment, the nutrient fortifier of the present invention comprises 8 g / kg of calcium pantothenate, 2.4 g / kg of vitamin B1, 1.6 g / kg of vitamin B2, 0.81 g / kg of vitamin B6, 90 g / kg of vitamin C, 18 g / kg of vitamin F, and water. The nutrient fortifier of the present invention has the effect of improving the immunity of broodstock and promoting the gonadal development of broodstock.

[0020] In one embodiment, the mass ratio of the nutrient fortifier to oyster meat in the second type of feed of the present invention is 0.5~1:10; in another embodiment, the mass ratio of the nutrient fortifier to oyster meat in the second type of feed of the present invention is 0.5:10. The oyster meat described in this invention has the effect of promoting gonadal development.

[0021] This invention provides the application of the blue trevally aquaculture feed described in the above technical solution in blue trevally aquaculture.

[0022] The present invention provides the application of the blue trevally farming feed described in the above technical solution in promoting the gonadal development of blue trevally and / or improving the quality of blue trevally fertilized eggs.

[0023] As one implementation method, the improvement of the quality of blue trevally fertilized eggs according to the present invention includes improving the rate of good eggs and / or the fertilization rate of blue trevally fertilized eggs.

[0024] This invention provides a method for intensive breeding of blue trevally broodstock, comprising the following steps: for the first 30-45 days of intensive breeding, the fish are fed the first type of blue trevally broodstock feed described in the above technical solution daily, and thereafter fed the second type of blue trevally broodstock feed described in the above technical solution daily; the intensive breeding cycle is 60-75 days; the daily feeding rate of the first type of feed and the second type of feed is 4-8%; during the intensive breeding of blue trevally broodstock, the water temperature is increased from 15-16℃, increasing by 0.5-1℃ every 2 days, and then maintained at 23-24℃.

[0025] In one implementation method, during the first 45 days of intensive rearing according to the present invention, the fish are fed the first type of feed described in the above-mentioned technical solution daily, and thereafter fed the second type of feed described in the above-mentioned technical solution daily. In another implementation method, the intensive rearing cycle of the present invention is 60 days. In another implementation method, the daily feeding rate of both the first and second feeds is 5.0%. In another implementation method, during the intensive rearing of blue trevally broodstock according to the present invention, the water temperature is initially increased from 15.5℃, increasing by 0.5℃ every two days, and then maintained at 23.5℃. In another implementation method, the first and second feeds are each fed twice daily, once in the morning and once in the afternoon.

[0026] This invention provides a method for the artificial breeding of the blue trevally, comprising the following steps: After the blue trevally parent fish are intensively cultured using the enhanced culture method described above, artificial spawning is induced, and the eggs are collected and then hatched.

[0027] As one implementation method, the method for collecting good eggs according to the present invention includes: placing artificially induced fertilized eggs in an incubation tank filled with natural seawater, aerating for 5 minutes, and letting it stand for 10 minutes; fertilized eggs that remain suspended are considered good eggs. As another implementation method, the incubation in the present invention uses an incubation tank filled with natural seawater, with slight aeration, and the water temperature is 23.5℃. The slight aeration in the present invention is just enough to ensure that the good eggs are evenly distributed in the water and do not sink.

[0028] To further illustrate the present invention, the following detailed description, in conjunction with embodiments, of the blue trevally aquaculture feed provided by the present invention and its application in improving the quality of blue trevally fertilized eggs, should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1 A feed composition comprises a premix and a nutrient fortifier; wherein the mass ratio of the premix to the nutrient fortifier is 100:0.5; the premix consists of a basal feed and fish paste, with a mass ratio of the basal feed to the fish paste of 1:1.5; the nutrient fortifier consists of 8 g / kg calcium pantothenate, 2.4 g / kg vitamin B1, 1.6 g / kg vitamin B2, 0.81 g / kg vitamin B6, 90 g / kg vitamin C, 18 g / kg vitamin F, and the remainder water. The basal feed is a mackerel compound feed purchased from Fujian Dabeinong Huayou Aquatic Technology Group Co., Ltd.

[0030] Example 2 A feed comprising the feed of Example 1 and oyster meat; wherein the mass ratio of the premix, oyster meat and nutrient fortifier is 100:10:0.5.

[0031] Comparative Example 1 A feed similar to Example 1, the only difference being that no nutritional fortifier is added, and it consists of a basic feed and fish paste, with a mass ratio of basic feed to fish paste of 1:1.5; the basic feed is a mackerel compound feed purchased from Fujian Dabeinong Huayou Aquatic Technology Group Co., Ltd.

[0032] Example 3 A method for nutritional fortification of blue trevally broodstock consists of the following steps: feeding blue trevally broodstock with the feed obtained in Example 1 for 45 days, then replacing it with the feed obtained in Example 2 and continuing to feed the blue trevally broodstock with the feed for 15 days; The daily feeding rate is 5%, and the feed is given twice a day, once in the morning and once in the evening. During the feeding process, the temperature is raised from 15.5℃, and then increased by 0.5℃ every 2 days, and then the water temperature is maintained at 23.5℃.

[0033] Comparative Example 2 A method for nutritional fortification of blue trevally broodstock similar to Example 3, the only difference being that the feed obtained in Comparative Example 1 is used throughout the entire process.

[0034] Test Example 1 1. Observation of gonadal development in parent fish During the feeding period, every 15 days, 20 parent fish from Example 3 and Comparative Example 2 were randomly selected, the male-to-female ratio was counted, and the gonad coefficient of the parent fish was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0035] Table 1. Gonadal Development of Parent Fish

[0036] As can be seen from Table 1, the nutritional fortification method of Example 3 can promote the synchronous development of gonads in male and female blue trevally broodstock.

[0037] 2. Fertilized egg quality analysis Three hundred broodstock fish (220 females and 80 males) from Example 3 and Comparative Example 2 were randomly selected from each. Artificial spawning was induced using human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG, dosage: 500 U / kg). Fertilized eggs were collected and placed in hatching tanks filled with natural seawater. Aeration was performed for 5 minutes, followed by 10 minutes of settling. Suspended fertilized eggs were considered good eggs, while those that sank were considered bad eggs. Good eggs were collected and transferred to another hatching tank filled with natural seawater for incubation. Aeration was applied slightly to ensure the good eggs were evenly distributed in the water and did not sink. The water temperature was 23.5℃. The egg production, good egg rate, and fertilization rate of the broodstock fish from Example 3 and Comparative Example 2 were statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0038] Table 2. Spawning rate and good egg rate of broodstock

[0039] As can be seen from Table 2, the nutritional fortification method of Example 3 can significantly improve the quality of blue trevally fertilized eggs, with a good egg rate of 88.50%, which is 39.15% higher than that of the nutritional fortification method of Comparative Example 2, and a fertilization rate of 79.58%, which is 19.46% higher than that of the nutritional fortification method of Comparative Example 2.

[0040] As can be seen from the above, the technical solution provided by the present invention can promote the synchronous development of the gonads of male and female blue trevally, thereby improving the quality of blue trevally fertilized eggs.

[0041] Although the above embodiments have provided a detailed description of the present invention, they are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. People can obtain other embodiments based on these embodiments without creative effort, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of a blue trevally aquaculture feed in blue trevally farming, characterized in that, The blue trevally farming includes the intensive breeding of blue trevally broodstock, comprising the following steps: For the first 30-45 days of intensive cultivation, feed the first type of feed daily, and then feed the second type of feed daily thereafter; the intensive cultivation period is 60-75 days. The daily feeding rate for both the first and second types of feed is 4-8%. During the enhanced breeding of blue trevally broodstock, the water temperature was initially increased from 15-16℃, with a 0.5-1℃ increase every 2 days, and then maintained at 23-24℃. The feed includes two independent types: a first type of feed and a second type of feed. The first type of feed includes basal feed, fish paste, and nutritional fortifiers; The second type of feed includes the first type of feed and oyster meat; The nutritional fortifier contains calcium pantothenate, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin C, vitamin F, and water; The applications include promoting gonadal development in blue trevally and increasing the yield and quality of blue trevally fertilized eggs; Improving the quality of blue trevally fertilized eggs includes increasing the rate of good eggs and / or the fertilization rate.

2. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of basic feed to fish paste in the first type of feed is 1:(1.5~2). In the first type of feed, the total mass ratio of the basic feed and fish paste to the nutritional fortifier is 100:(0.5~1); the nutritional fortifier contains 5~10g / Kg calcium pantothenate, 2~3g / Kg vitamin B1, 1~2g / Kg vitamin B2, 0.5~1g / Kg vitamin B6, 80~100g / Kg vitamin C, 15~20g / Kg vitamin F and water.

3. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of nutrient fortifier to oyster meat in the second type of feed is (0.5~1):

10.

4. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first type of feed and the second type of feed are fed twice a day, once in the morning and once in the afternoon.

5. A method for the artificial breeding of the blue trevally, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: After the blue trevally parent fish are artificially induced to spawn using the enhanced culture method described in any one of claims 1 to 4, the eggs are collected and then hatched.

6. The artificial breeding method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method for collecting good eggs includes: placing the fertilized eggs obtained by artificial induction into an incubation tank filled with natural seawater, aerating for 5 minutes, letting it stand for 10 minutes, and the fertilized eggs that are suspended are good eggs; The incubation process uses incubation tanks filled with natural seawater, slightly aerated, with a water temperature of 23.5°C.

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