Method and apparatus in wireless communication system

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and device in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: determining, based on first information related to charging of a first device, second information related to a time of at least one mode of the first device; sending second information to a second device; and transmitting and / or receiving a wireless transmission based on the second information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus in a wireless communication system. Background Technology

[0002] To meet the increased demand for wireless data communication services since the deployment of 4G communication systems, efforts have been made to develop improved 5G or near-5G communication systems. Therefore, 5G or near-5G communication systems are also referred to as "super 4G networks" or "post-LTE systems".

[0003] 5G communication systems are implemented in higher frequency (millimeter wave, mmWave) bands, such as the 60GHz band, to achieve higher data rates. To reduce radio wave propagation loss and increase transmission distance, beamforming, massive MIMO, full-dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, analog beamforming, and massive MIMO technologies are discussed in 5G communication systems.

[0004] In addition, in 5G communication systems, development is underway to improve system networks based on advanced small cells, cloud radio access networks (RAN), ultra-dense networks, device-to-device (D2D) communication, wireless backhaul, mobile networks, cooperative communication, cooperative multipoint (CoMP), and receiver interference cancellation.

[0005] In 5G systems, hybrid FSK and QAM modulation (FQAM) and sliding window superposition coding (SWSC) have been developed as advanced coding and modulation (ACM), while filter bank multicarrier (FBMC), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and sparse code multiple access (SCMA) have been developed as advanced access technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] According to embodiments of this disclosure, a method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: determining second information related to the time of at least one mode of the first device based on first information related to the charging of the first device; sending the second information to a second device; and sending and / or receiving wireless transmissions based on the second information.

[0007] In some implementations, determining the second information related to the time of at least one mode of the first device includes: determining the second information related to the time of at least one mode of the first device based on the information related to the at least one mode.

[0008] In some implementations, the at least one mode includes an on mode, and / or a sleep mode, and / or an off mode.

[0009] In some implementations, the first information includes at least one of the following: wireless transmission information related to charging; the battery capacity of the first device or capabilities related to the battery capacity of the first device; the charging efficiency of the first device or capabilities related to the charging efficiency of the first device; information related to the charging signal; whether there is a frequency domain offset between the frequency domain position of the charging signal and the wireless transmission; the energy of the first device; the available time of the first device; the number of available bits of the first device; the charging speed of the first device or capabilities related to the charging speed of the first device; whether the first device supports simultaneous wireless transmission and charging or capabilities related to whether the first device supports simultaneous wireless transmission and charging; whether the first device has been charged and supports simultaneous wireless transmission and charging; whether the first device will be charged and supports simultaneous wireless transmission and charging or capabilities related to the power consumption of the first device; the modulation method of the wireless transmission; the power consumption of the first device; and capabilities related to whether the first device supports at least one of the modes.

[0010] In some implementations, the information related to the charging wireless transmission includes at least one of the following: the number of bits corresponding to at least one wireless transmission; and the transmission time corresponding to at least one wireless transmission.

[0011] In some implementations, the information associated with the at least one mode includes at least one of the following: a configuration associated with the at least one mode; a configuration associated with a wake-up signal; a configuration associated with a sleep signal; a first threshold for entering and / or ending the at least one mode; at least one timer corresponding to the at least one mode; at least one period of the timer corresponding to the at least one mode; at least one offset between the start and / or end position of the timer corresponding to the at least one mode and a reference point; at least one timer corresponding to synchronization; at least one period of the timer corresponding to synchronization; at least one offset between the start and / or end position of the timer corresponding to synchronization and a reference point.

[0012] In some embodiments, the method further includes determining the energy of the first device based on at least one of the following: the remaining energy determined by the first device; the battery capacity of the first device; the energy obtained by the first device through charging; and the wireless transmission performed by the first device.

[0013] In some implementations, the second information includes at least one of the time length, maximum time length, and minimum time length of the at least one mode supported by the first device.

[0014] In some implementations, the available time of the first device includes time for wireless transmission, and / or time for the at least one mode supported by the first device, and / or time for the first device to maintain clock timing.

[0015] In some implementations, information associated with the charging signal includes the signal strength of the charging signal, and the signal strength of the charging signal is determined by measuring the charging signal and / or the first device to second device signal and / or the second device to first device signal.

[0016] In some implementations, the availability time of the first device is determined by at least one of the following: the energy and power consumption of the first device when the first device is not charged; the energy and net power consumption of the first device when the first device is charged; and the time during which the first device is configured to be available.

[0017] In some embodiments, the method further includes sending the first information to the second device.

[0018] In some implementations, the first device is available during its available time, and is unavailable or enters sleep mode outside of its available time, and / or wherein the first device is available in response to a signal sent by the second device, otherwise the first device is unavailable or enters sleep mode.

[0019] In some implementations, the number of available bits for the first device includes the number of bits used for wireless transmission, wherein the number of bits used for wireless transmission is determined by at least one of: the capability of the first device; a preset or configuration; the availability time of the first device; and the rate of wireless transmission.

[0020] In some implementations, transmitting and / or receiving wireless transmissions based on the second information includes at least one of the following: receiving a charging signal from the second device if the first device enters an on mode or a sleep mode; receiving charging signals from the second device and other devices if the first device enters an on mode or a sleep mode.

[0021] In some embodiments, receiving the charging signal includes: determining at least one of the following: the start point, the end point, the duration, the frequency domain resources, and the transmission power of the charging signal; and receiving the charging signal based on the at least one of the following.

[0022] In some implementations, determining the starting point of the charging signal transmission includes determining the starting point of the charging signal transmission based on the starting point of the on mode and / or the starting point of the available time of the first device and / or the starting point of the sleep mode.

[0023] In some implementations, determining the transmission duration of the charging signal includes determining the transmission duration of the charging signal based on the duration corresponding to the on-mode and / or the available time of the first device and / or the number of bits corresponding to at least one wireless transmission and / or the transmission time corresponding to at least one wireless transmission.

[0024] In some implementations, determining the transmission power of the charging signal includes determining the transmission power of the charging signal based on at least one of the following: the maximum transmission power of the charging signal; path loss of wireless transmission; open-loop power control; closed-loop power control; power control parameters; interference between the second device and other devices.

[0025] In some implementations, the method further includes: entering an on-mode when a first condition is met, wherein the first condition includes at least one of the following: the energy of the first device is higher than a second threshold; the first device determines that a wake-up signal has been enabled, and / or has acquired configuration information related to the wake-up signal, and / or has received a wake-up signal sent by the second device; the first device receives indication information from the second device to a target device, and determines that the first device belongs to the target device; the first device determines to enter the on-mode based on a timer; and the first device begins to send and / or receive wireless transmissions.

[0026] In some implementations, the first device determines that a wake-up signal has been enabled and / or receives a wake-up signal sent by the second device when a third condition is met, wherein the third condition includes at least one of the following: the power of the charging signal is within a first predetermined range; the duration of the sleep mode and / or the off mode, and / or the duration of the charging time is within a second predetermined range.

[0027] In some embodiments, the method further includes: ending the on-mode and / or entering a sleep mode when a fourth condition is met, wherein the fourth condition includes at least one of the following: the first device receives a sleep signal sent by the second device; the energy of the first device is below a fourth threshold; no signaling from the second device to the first device is received within a first time range; entering the sleep mode is determined based on a timer; a first signaling is received; the received first signaling is not sent to the first device or does not meet a preset condition; the received signaling indicates information related to entering the sleep mode; the received signaling indicates information related to the time position of subsequent wireless transmission; there is an interval between the received signaling and the time position of subsequent wireless transmission.

[0028] In some implementations, the first signaling includes at least one of the following: a first transmission for triggering inventory and / or indicating inventory-related configuration and / or scheduling information; a third transmission in response to a second transmission sent by the first device for triggering inventory and / or indicating inventory-related configuration and / or scheduling information; a second device-to-first device signaling via multicast or broadcast; and a second device-to-first device signaling with a length and / or transmission time within a third predetermined range.

[0029] In some implementations, the information associated with entering sleep mode includes at least one of the following: a sleep signal; the identification and / or type of the device that needs to enter sleep mode; information corresponding to previous transmissions of the device that needs to enter sleep mode; the time point at which the on mode ends and / or the sleep mode begins; the time point at which the sleep mode ends and / or the on mode begins; information associated with a charging signal; and the duration of the sleep mode.

[0030] According to embodiments of this disclosure, a method performed by a second device in a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: receiving from a first device second information related to the time of at least one mode of the first device, wherein the second information is determined based on first information related to the charging of the first device; and transmitting and / or receiving wireless transmissions based on the second information.

[0031] In some implementations, the at least one mode includes an on mode, and / or a sleep mode, and / or an off mode.

[0032] In some implementations, the first information includes at least one of the following: wireless transmission information related to charging; information related to the at least one mode; the battery capacity of the first device or a capability related to the battery capacity of the first device; the charging efficiency of the first device or a capability related to the charging efficiency of the first device; information related to the charging signal; whether there is a frequency domain offset between the frequency domain position of the charging signal and the wireless transmission; the energy of the first device; the available time of the first device; the number of available bits of the first device; the charging speed of the first device or a capability related to the charging speed of the first device; whether the first device supports simultaneous wireless transmission and charging or a capability related to whether the first device supports simultaneous wireless transmission and charging; whether the first device has been charged and supports simultaneous wireless transmission and charging; whether the first device will be charged and supports simultaneous wireless transmission and charging or a capability related to the power consumption of the first device; the modulation method of the wireless transmission; the power consumption of the first device; and a capability related to whether the first device supports the at least one mode.

[0033] In some implementations, the information related to the charging wireless transmission includes at least one of the following: the number of bits corresponding to at least one wireless transmission; and the transmission time corresponding to at least one wireless transmission.

[0034] In some implementations, the information associated with the at least one mode includes at least one of the following: a configuration associated with the at least one mode; a configuration associated with a wake-up signal; a configuration associated with a sleep signal; a first threshold for entering and / or ending the at least one mode; at least one timer corresponding to the at least one mode; at least one period of the timer corresponding to the at least one mode; at least one offset between the start and / or end position of the timer corresponding to the at least one mode and a reference point; at least one timer corresponding to synchronization; at least one period of the timer corresponding to synchronization; at least one offset between the start and / or end position of the timer corresponding to synchronization and a reference point.

[0035] In some implementations, the energy of the first device is determined based on at least one of the following: the remaining energy determined by the first device; the battery capacity of the first device; the energy obtained by the first device through charging; and the wireless transmission performed by the first device.

[0036] In some implementations, the second information includes at least one of the time length, maximum time length, and minimum time length of the at least one mode supported by the first device.

[0037] In some implementations, the available time of the first device includes time for wireless transmission, and / or time for the at least one mode supported by the first device, and / or time for the first device to maintain clock timing.

[0038] In some implementations, information associated with the charging signal includes the signal strength of the charging signal, and the signal strength of the charging signal is determined by measuring the charging signal and / or the first device to second device signal and / or the second device to first device signal.

[0039] In some implementations, the availability time of the first device is determined by at least one of the following: the energy and power consumption of the first device when the first device is not charged; the energy and net power consumption of the first device when the first device is charged; and the time during which the first device is configured to be available.

[0040] In some embodiments, the method further includes receiving the first information from the first device.

[0041] In some embodiments, the method further includes determining whether the first device is available, wherein determining whether the first device is available includes at least one of the following: determining that the first device is available during the available time of the first device, and is unavailable or enters a sleep mode outside the available time of the first device; determining that the first device is available when it responds to a signal sent by the second device, otherwise the first device is unavailable or enters a sleep mode.

[0042] In some implementations, the number of available bits for the first device includes the number of bits used for wireless transmission, wherein the number of bits used for wireless transmission is determined by at least one of: the capability of the first device; a preset or configuration; the availability time of the first device; and the rate of wireless transmission.

[0043] In some embodiments, sending the charging signal includes: determining at least one of the following: the start point, the end point, the duration, the frequency domain resources, and the transmission power of the charging signal; and sending the charging signal based on the at least one of the following.

[0044] In some implementations, determining the starting point of the charging signal transmission includes determining the starting point of the charging signal transmission based on the starting point of the on mode and / or the starting point of the available time of the first device and / or the starting point of the sleep mode.

[0045] In some implementations, determining the transmission duration of the charging signal includes determining the transmission duration of the charging signal based on the duration corresponding to the on-mode and / or the available time of the first device and / or the number of bits corresponding to at least one wireless transmission and / or the transmission time corresponding to at least one wireless transmission.

[0046] In some implementations, determining the transmission power of the charging signal includes determining the transmission power of the charging signal based on at least one of the following: the maximum transmission power of the charging signal; path loss of wireless transmission; open-loop power control; closed-loop power control; power control parameters; interference between the second device and other devices.

[0047] In some embodiments, the method further includes: assuming or indicating that the first device enters an on mode when a second condition is met: wherein the second condition includes at least one of the following: the energy of the first device is determined to be higher than a third threshold; the first device is configured with information related to a wake-up signal; a wake-up signal is sent to the first device; indication information for a target device is sent; when the first device enters the on mode is determined; a first device-to-second device signaling sent by the first device is received; and a first device-to-second device response signaling sent by the first device is received.

[0048] In some embodiments, the method further includes: configuring relevant information of a wake-up signal for the first device and / or sending a wake-up signal to the first device when a third condition is met, wherein the third condition includes at least one of the following: the power of the charging signal is within a first predetermined range; the duration of the sleep mode and / or the off mode, and / or the duration of the charging time is within a second predetermined range.

[0049] In some implementations, the method further includes: assuming or indicating that the first device enters a sleep mode when a fifth condition is met: the first device is configured with information related to a sleep signal; a sleep signal is sent to the first device; an acknowledgment signal for the sleep signal sent by the first device is received; the energy of the first device is determined to be below a fifth threshold; when the first device enters a sleep mode is determined; wireless transmission with the target device is terminated; and within a second time frame, a first device-to-second device signaling and / or a first device-to-second device response signaling sent by the first device is not received.

[0050] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, an electronic device in a wireless communication system is provided, including: a transceiver; and a controller coupled to the transceiver and configured to perform the aforementioned method. Attached Figure Description

[0051] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of this disclosure and are not intended to limit this disclosure. In the drawings:

[0052] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an example wireless network according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0053] Figure 2a and Figure 2b Example wireless transmission and reception paths according to various embodiments of this disclosure are shown;

[0054] Figure 3a Example user equipment (UE) according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0055] Figure 3b Example gNBs according to various embodiments of this disclosure are shown;

[0056] Figure 4 Flowcharts of methods performed by a first device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown;

[0057] Figure 5 Flowcharts of methods performed by a second device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown;

[0058] Figure 6 Block diagrams of electronic devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, is provided to aid in a thorough understanding of the various embodiments of this disclosure as defined by the claims and their equivalents. This description includes various specific details to aid understanding but should be considered exemplary only. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the various embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. Furthermore, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of well-known functions and structures may be omitted.

[0060] The terms and wording used in the following description and claims are not limited to their dictionary meanings, but are merely used by the inventors to enable a clear and consistent understanding of this disclosure. Therefore, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the following description of various embodiments of this disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and not for limiting the purpose of this disclosure as defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0061] It should be understood that the singular forms of “one,” “an,” and “the” include plural references unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Thus, for example, the reference to “component surface” includes one or more such surfaces.

[0062] The terms “comprising” or “may include” refer to the presence of a corresponding disclosed function, operation, or component that may be used in the various embodiments of this disclosure, rather than limiting the presence of one or more additional functions, operations, or features. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” or “having” may be interpreted as indicating certain characteristics, numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof, but should not be construed as excluding the possibility of the presence of one or more other characteristics, numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0063] The term "or" as used in the various embodiments of this disclosure includes any of the listed terms and all combinations thereof. For example, "A or B" may include A, may include B, or may include both A and B.

[0064] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in this disclosure (including technical or scientific terms) have the same meaning as understood by one of those skilled in the art as described herein. Common terms as defined in dictionaries are to be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the context in the relevant technical field and should not be interpreted ideally or overly formally unless expressly defined in this disclosure.

[0065] Figure 1An example wireless network 100 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 1 The embodiment of the wireless network 100 shown is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments of the wireless network 100 can be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0066] Wireless network 100 includes gNodeB (gNB) 101, gNB 102, and gNB 103. gNB 101 communicates with gNB 102 and gNB 103. gNB 101 also communicates with at least one Internet Protocol (IP) network 130 (such as the Internet, a proprietary IP network, or other data network).

[0067] Depending on the network type, other well-known terms such as "base station" or "access point" can be used instead of "gNodeB" or "gNB". For convenience, the terms "gNodeB" and "gNB" are used in this patent document to refer to network infrastructure components that provide wireless access for remote terminals. Furthermore, depending on the network type, other well-known terms such as "mobile station", "user station", "remote terminal", "wireless terminal", or "user device" can be used instead of "user equipment" or "UE". For convenience, the terms "user equipment" and "UE" are used in this patent document to refer to remote wireless devices that wirelessly access the gNB, whether the UE is a mobile device (such as a mobile phone or smartphone) or a fixed device as commonly understood (such as a desktop computer or vending machine).

[0068] gNB 102 provides wireless broadband access to network 130 to a first plurality of user equipments (UEs) within its coverage area 120. The first plurality of UEs includes: UE 111, which may be located in a small business (SB); UE 112, which may be located in an enterprise (E); UE 113, which may be located in a WiFi hotspot (HS); UE 114, which may be located in a first residence (R); UE 115, which may be located in a second residence (R); and UE 116, which may be a mobile device (M), such as a cellular phone, wireless laptop computer, wireless PDA, etc. gNB 103 provides wireless broadband access to network 130 to a second plurality of UEs within its coverage area 125. The second plurality of UEs includes UE 115 and UE 116. In some embodiments, one or more of gNBs 101-103 are capable of communicating with each other and with UEs 111-116 using 5G, LTE, LTE-A, WiMAX, or other advanced wireless communication technologies.

[0069] The dashed lines indicate the approximate extent of coverage areas 120 and 125, which are shown as approximately circular for illustrative and explanatory purposes only. It should be clearly understood that coverage areas associated with the gNB, such as coverage areas 120 and 125, can have other shapes, including irregular shapes, depending on the configuration of the gNB and variations in the radio environment associated with natural and man-made obstacles.

[0070] As described in more detail below, one or more of gNB 101, gNB 102, and gNB 103 include a 2D antenna array as described in embodiments of this disclosure. In some embodiments, one or more of gNB 101, gNB 102, and gNB 103 support codebook design and architecture for systems having 2D antenna arrays.

[0071] although Figure 1 An example of a wireless network 100 is shown, but it is possible to... Figure 1 Various modifications can be made. For example, wireless network 100 can include any number of gNBs and any number of UEs in any suitable arrangement. Furthermore, gNB 101 can communicate directly with any number of UEs and provide those UEs with wireless broadband access to network 130. Similarly, each gNB 102-103 can communicate directly with network 130 and provide UEs with direct wireless broadband access to network 130. In addition, gNBs 101, 102, and / or 103 can provide access to other or additional external networks (such as external telephone networks or other types of data networks).

[0072] Figure 2a and Figure 2b Example wireless transmit and receive paths according to this disclosure are shown. In the following description, transmit path 200 can be described as being implemented in a gNB (such as gNB 102), while receive path 250 can be described as being implemented in a UE (such as UE 116). However, it should be understood that receive path 250 can be implemented in a gNB, and transmit path 200 can be implemented in a UE. In some embodiments, receive path 250 is configured to support codebook design and structure for a system having a 2D antenna array as described in embodiments of this disclosure.

[0073] The transmit path 200 includes a channel coding and modulation block 205, a serial-to-parallel (S-to-P) block 210, an N-point inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) block 215, a parallel-to-serial (P-to-S) block 220, a cyclic prefix addition block 225, and an up-converter (UC) 230. The receive path 250 includes a down-converter (DC) 255, a cyclic prefix removal block 260, a serial-to-parallel (S-to-P) block 265, an N-point fast Fourier transform (FFT) block 270, a parallel-to-serial (P-to-S) block 275, and a channel decoding and demodulation block 280.

[0074] In transmit path 200, channel coding and modulation block 205 receives a set of information bits, applies coding (such as low-density parity-check (LDPC) coding), and modulates the input bits (such as using quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)) to generate a sequence of frequency-domain modulated symbols. Serial-to-parallel (S-to-P) block 210 converts (e.g., demultiplexes) the serial modulated symbols into parallel data to generate N parallel symbol streams, where N is the number of IFFT / FFT points used in gNB 102 and UE 116. N-point IFFT block 215 performs IFFT operations on the N parallel symbol streams to generate a time-domain output signal. Parallel-to-serial block 220 converts (e.g., multiplexes) the parallel time-domain output symbols from N-point IFFT block 215 to generate a serial time-domain signal. Cyclic prefix addition block 225 inserts a cyclic prefix into the time-domain signal. Upconverter 230 modulates (e.g., upconverts) the output of the added cyclic prefix block 225 to an RF frequency for transmission via a wireless channel. The signal can also be filtered at the baseband before being converted to the RF frequency.

[0075] The RF signal transmitted from gNB 102 reaches UE 116 after passing through the wireless channel, and UE 116 performs the opposite operation to that at gNB 102. Downconverter 255 downconverts the received signal to the baseband frequency, and cyclic prefix removal block 260 removes the cyclic prefix to generate a serial time-domain baseband signal. Serial-to-parallel block 265 converts the time-domain baseband signal into a parallel time-domain signal. N-point FFT block 270 performs an FFT algorithm to generate N parallel frequency-domain signals. Parallel-to-serial block 275 converts the parallel frequency-domain signals into a sequence of modulated data symbols. Channel decoding and demodulation block 280 demodulates and decodes the modulated symbols to recover the original input data stream.

[0076] Each of gNBs 101-103 can implement a transmission path 200 similar to that used for transmission to UEs 111-116 in the downlink, and a reception path 250 similar to that used for reception from UEs 111-116 in the uplink. Similarly, each of UEs 111-116 can implement a transmission path 200 for transmission to gNBs 101-103 in the uplink, and a reception path 250 for reception from gNBs 101-103 in the downlink.

[0077] Figure 2a and Figure 2b Each of the components can be implemented using only hardware, or using a combination of hardware and software / firmware. As a specific example, Figure 2a and Figure 2b At least some of the components can be implemented in software, while others can be implemented in configurable hardware or a combination of software and configurable hardware. For example, FFT block 270 and IFFT block 215 can be implemented as configurable software algorithms, wherein the value of the number of points N can be modified according to the implementation method.

[0078] Furthermore, although the description uses FFT and IFFT, this is merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Other types of transforms, such as the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) functions, can be used. It should be understood that for DFT and IDFT functions, the value of variable N can be any integer (such as 1, 2, 3, 4, etc.), while for FFT and IFFT functions, the value of variable N can be any integer that is a power of 2 (such as 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, etc.).

[0079] although Figure 2a and Figure 2b An example of a wireless transmit and receive path is shown, but it is possible to modify it further. Figure 2a and Figure 2b Make various changes. For example, Figure 2a and Figure 2b The various components can be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components can be added as needed. Furthermore, Figure 2a and Figure 2b This is intended to illustrate examples of the types of send and receive paths that can be used in a wireless network. Any other suitable architecture can be used to support wireless communication in a wireless network.

[0080] Figure 3a Example UE 116 according to this disclosure is shown. Figure 3a The embodiment of UE 116 shown is for illustrative purposes only, and Figure 1UEs 111-115 can have the same or similar configurations. However, UEs have a wide variety of configurations, and Figure 3a This disclosure is not intended to limit the scope of any particular implementation of the UE.

[0081] UE 116 includes an antenna 305, a radio frequency (RF) transceiver 310, a transmit (TX) processing circuitry 315, a microphone 320, and a receive (RX) processing circuitry 325. UE 116 also includes a speaker 330, a processor / controller 340, an input / output (I / O) interface 345, multiple input devices 350, a display 355, and memory 360. Memory 360 includes an operating system (OS) 361 and one or more applications 362.

[0082] RF transceiver 310 receives incoming RF signals transmitted by a gNB of wireless network 100 from antenna 305. RF transceiver 310 down-converts the incoming RF signals to generate an intermediate frequency (IF) or baseband signal. The IF or baseband signal is sent to RX processing circuitry 325, which generates a processed baseband signal by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband or IF signal. RX processing circuitry 325 sends the processed baseband signal to speaker 330 (e.g., for voice data) or to processor / controller 340 (e.g., for web browsing data) for further processing.

[0083] TX processing circuitry 315 receives analog or digital voice data from microphone 320, or other outgoing baseband data (such as network data, email, or interactive video game data) from processor / controller 340. TX processing circuitry 315 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate processed baseband or IF signals. RF transceiver 310 receives the processed outgoing baseband or IF signals from TX processing circuitry 315 and up-converts the baseband or IF signals into RF signals transmitted via antenna 305.

[0084] The processor / controller 340 may include one or more processors or other processing devices and execute an OS 361 stored in memory 360 to control the overall operation of the UE 116. For example, the processor / controller 340 may control the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of reverse channel signals via RF transceiver 310, RX processing circuitry 325, and TX processing circuitry 315 according to known principles. In some embodiments, the processor / controller 340 includes at least one microprocessor or microcontroller.

[0085] The processor / controller 340 is also capable of executing other processes and programs residing in the memory 360, such as operations for channel quality measurement and reporting for a system having a 2D antenna array as described in the embodiments of this disclosure. The processor / controller 340 is capable of moving data into or out of the memory 360 as needed for the execution of the process. In some embodiments, the processor / controller 340 is configured to execute an application 362 based on an OS 361 or in response to signals received from a gNB or operator. The processor / controller 340 is also coupled to an I / O interface 345, which provides the UE 116 with the ability to connect to other devices such as laptop computers and handheld computers. The I / O interface 345 is a communication path between these accessories and the processor / controller 340.

[0086] The processor / controller 340 is also coupled to input devices(s)350 and a display(s)355. An operator of the UE 116 can use the input devices(s)350 to input data into the UE 116. The display(s)355 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD) or other display capable of displaying text and / or at least limited graphics (such as from a website). Memory 360 is coupled to the processor / controller 340. A portion of the memory 360 may include random access memory (RAM), while another portion of the memory 360 may include flash memory or other read-only memory (ROM).

[0087] although Figure 3a An example of UE 116 is shown, but it is possible to... Figure 3a Make various changes. For example, Figure 3a The various components can be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components can be added as needed. As a specific example, the processor / controller 340 can be divided into multiple processors, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs) and one or more graphics processing units (GPUs). Moreover, although... Figure 3a The UE116 is shown configured as a mobile phone or smartphone, but the UE can be configured to operate as other types of mobile or fixed devices.

[0088] Figure 3b An example gNB 102 according to this disclosure is shown. Figure 3b The embodiment of gNB 102 shown is for illustrative purposes only, and Figure 1 Other gNBs can have the same or similar configurations. However, gNBs have a wide variety of configurations, and Figure 3b The scope of this disclosure is not limited to any particular implementation of the gNB. It should be noted that gNB 101 and gNB 103 can include the same or similar structures as gNB 102.

[0089] like Figure 3b As shown, gNB 102 includes multiple antennas 370a-370n, multiple RF transceivers 372a-372n, transmit (TX) processing circuitry 374, and receive (RX) processing circuitry 376. In some embodiments, one or more of the multiple antennas 370a-370n include a 2D antenna array. gNB 102 also includes a controller / processor 378, a memory 380, and a backhaul or network interface 382.

[0090] RF transceivers 372a-372n receive incoming RF signals, such as signals transmitted by the UE or other gNBs, from antennas 370a-370n. RF transceivers 372a-372n down-convert the incoming RF signals to generate IF or baseband signals. The IF or baseband signals are sent to RX processing circuitry 376, which generates processed baseband signals by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband or IF signals. RX processing circuitry 376 sends the processed baseband signals to controller / processor 378 for further processing.

[0091] The TX processing circuit 374 receives analog or digital data (such as voice data, network data, email, or interactive video game data) from the controller / processor 378. The TX processing circuit 374 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate a processed baseband or IF signal. RF transceivers 372a-372n receive the outgoing processed baseband or IF signal from the TX processing circuit 374 and up-convert the baseband or IF signal into an RF signal transmitted via antennas 370a-370n.

[0092] The controller / processor 378 may include one or more processors or other processing devices that control the overall operation of the gNB 102. For example, the controller / processor 378 may control the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of backward channel signals via RF transceivers 372a-372n, RX processing circuitry 376, and TX processing circuitry 374, according to known principles. The controller / processor 378 may also support additional functions, such as more advanced wireless communication functions. For example, the controller / processor 378 may perform a BIS process, such as by a blind interference sensing (BIS) algorithm, and decode the received signal after subtracting interference. The controller / processor 378 may support any of a wide variety of other functions in the gNB 102. In some embodiments, the controller / processor 378 includes at least one microprocessor or microcontroller.

[0093] The controller / processor 378 is also capable of executing programs and other processes, such as a basic operating system, residing in the memory 380. The controller / processor 378 is also capable of supporting channel quality measurement and reporting for systems having 2D antenna arrays as described in embodiments of this disclosure. In some embodiments, the controller / processor 378 supports communication between entities such as web RTCs. The controller / processor 378 is capable of moving data into or out of the memory 380 as needed for the execution of processes.

[0094] The controller / processor 378 is also coupled to a backhaul or network interface 382. The backhaul or network interface 382 allows the gNB 102 to communicate with other devices or systems via a backhaul connection or over a network. The backhaul or network interface 382 is capable of supporting communication via any suitable wired or wireless connection(s). For example, when the gNB 102 is implemented as part of a cellular communication system (such as a cellular communication system supporting 5G or new radio access technologies or NR, LTE, or LTE-A), the backhaul or network interface 382 allows the gNB 102 to communicate with other gNBs via a wired or wireless backhaul connection. When the gNB 102 is implemented as an access point, the backhaul or network interface 382 allows the gNB 102 to communicate with a larger network (such as the Internet) via a wired or wireless local area network or via a wired or wireless connection. The backhaul or network interface 382 includes any suitable architecture supporting communication via a wired or wireless connection, such as an Ethernet or RF transceiver.

[0095] Memory 380 is coupled to controller / processor 378. A portion of memory 380 may include RAM, while another portion may include flash memory or other ROM. In some embodiments, multiple instructions, such as a BIS algorithm, are stored in memory. The multiple instructions are configured to cause controller / processor 378 to perform the BIS process and decode the received signal after subtracting at least one interference signal determined by the BIS algorithm.

[0096] As described in more detail below, the transmit and receive paths of the gNB 102 (implemented using RF transceivers 372a-372n, TX processing circuitry 374, and / or RX processing circuitry 376) support aggregated communication with FDD and TDD cells.

[0097] although Figure 3b An example of gNB 102 is shown, but it is possible to compare it with other models. Figure 3b Various modifications can be made. For example, gNB102 can include any number of... Figure 3aEach component shown. As a specific example, an access point can include multiple backhaul or network interfaces 382, ​​and a controller / processor 378 can support routing functions to route data between different network addresses. As another specific example, although shown as a single instance including TX processing circuitry 374 and a single instance including RX processing circuitry 376, the gNB 102 can include multiple instances of each (such as one for each RF transceiver).

[0098] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0099] The text and accompanying drawings are provided by way of example only to aid the reader in understanding this disclosure. They are not intended and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure in any way. Although certain embodiments and examples have been provided, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art, based on the content disclosed herein, that changes may be made to the illustrated embodiments and examples without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0100] The Internet of Things (IoT) technology, characterized by low cost, low power consumption, and support for massive connectivity, is commonly used in smart factories, smart healthcare, and urban management—applications with numerous devices and where cost control is paramount—to achieve interconnected communication. Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) is a commercially deployed IoT technology. Compared to cell communication technologies, NB-IoT offers lower data rates, lower cost, wider coverage, and larger capacity, serving as an effective supplement to cell communication, which prioritizes medium to high speeds. However, NB-IoT's overall design remains within the cell communication framework, inheriting its basic design principles in device structure and signal design. Therefore, its cost cannot compete with simpler technologies like RFID; furthermore, its power consumption is typically supported by the device's built-in battery, resulting in limited lifespan during extended communication. Therefore, a new IoT technology is needed that effectively reduces maintenance costs, offering lower cost, lower power consumption, and the ability to be charged by environmental signals, thereby addressing the shortcomings of NB-IoT.

[0101] This specification provides a technical design related to an IoT device that can be charged based on external signals. Such IoT devices can receive downlink signals and transmit uplink signals while being charged using their own battery or external signals. The methods for receiving downlink signals and transmitting uplink signals differ from traditional wireless communication methods. Downlink reception is primarily based on envelope detection, while uplink transmission can be based on backscattering. Backscattering refers to the device modulating its own information onto a carrier wave (CW) signal present in the environment or from other nodes, and then reflecting this modulated CW to complete the uplink signal transmission. Transmitting devices based on backscattering do not need to generate their own carrier signals, thus eliminating the need for amplifiers, mixers, and other radio frequency circuits found in traditional communication equipment. This significantly reduces the cost of the device and the requirement for power or batteries. In this application, since the transmission and charging of such IoT devices primarily rely on environmental signals, these devices are referred to as Ambient IoT (AIoT) devices. This designation is primarily for simplicity and is not intended to limit the scope of the device.

[0102] In an AIoT system, the transmission of signals / channels such as data and services can be directly transmitted between the base station and AIoT nodes (e.g., tag devices); or it can be transmitted via intermediate nodes. For example, the base station sends information related to the AIoT system to the intermediate node, and the intermediate node sends data to the AIoT node; or the AIoT node sends data to the intermediate node, and the intermediate node then sends information related to the AIoT system to the base station.

[0103] In this specification, for services in an AIoT system, a principle similar to that of traditional cell communication is adopted. Transmissions from a base station or intermediate node to an AIoT node are referred to as downlink transmissions, and transmissions from an AIoT node to a base station or intermediate node are referred to as uplink transmissions. Furthermore, transmissions related to the AIoT system from a base station to an intermediate node can also be referred to as downlink transmissions, and transmissions related to the AIoT system from an intermediate node to a base station can be referred to as uplink transmissions. Unless otherwise specified in this specification, uplink / downlink transmissions correspond to the relationship between transmitting and receiving nodes and are not intended to limit whether the transmission occurs on uplink or downlink resources. For example, uplink transmissions in an AIoT system can also be transmitted and received on the downlink frequency band in an FDD system, and downlink transmissions in an AIoT system can also be transmitted and received on the uplink time slot in a TDD system.

[0104] The base station in this specification can also be replaced by other devices, such as communication devices attached to the base station, relay nodes, IAB nodes, repeater nodes, and bypass nodes. Any mechanism applicable to the base station in this specification can also be similarly used in scenarios where the base station is replaced by other nodes, and will not be repeated here. The difference between the communication device attached to the base station and the base station may include: the ability of this device to transmit DL signals / channels on the UL band in an FDD system and on the UL time unit in a TDD system, including transmitting DL signals / channels corresponding to communication between the base station and the UE, and DL signals / channels corresponding to communication between the base station and AIoT devices.

[0105] The intermediate node in this specification can be at least one of the following: relay node, IAB node, repeater node, and bypass node.

[0106] In the embodiments of this application, "below the threshold" can also be replaced with "below or equal to the threshold", "above (exceeding) the threshold" can also be replaced with "above or equal to the threshold", "less than or equal to" can also be replaced with "less than", and "greater than or equal to" can also be replaced with "greater than"; and vice versa.

[0107] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified, the configuration information includes at least one of the following: information configured by the base station, information indicated in the received signaling, information configured by higher layers, and pre-configured information. Further, it can be a set of configuration information obtained through the above methods; it can also be multiple sets of configuration information obtained through the above methods, from which the UE or node can select a set of configuration information to use according to predefined conditions; or it can be a set of configuration information obtained through the above methods, and this set of configuration information contains multiple subsets, from which the UE or node can select a subset to use according to predefined conditions.

[0108] In this manual, AIoT devices (such as tags) are referred to simply as devices, and base stations or intermediate nodes that communicate with AIoT devices are collectively referred to as readers.

[0109] In this specification, AIoT device charging includes charging via at least one of the following methods: RF energy harvesting, non-RF energy harvesting, or other charging methods (such as wired power).

[0110] Unless otherwise specified, the UE capabilities described in this specification include the UE capabilities of device-type UEs and / or the UE capabilities of reader-type UEs.

[0111] Unless otherwise specified, the transmissions described in this specification include sending and receiving, including device-to-reader (D2R) transmissions and reader-to-device (R2D) transmissions.

[0112] In this specification, for the sake of simplicity, "on" mode, "sleep" mode, and "off" mode are used to correspond to the states in which the device can perform a series of specific operations. These modes can also be named "on state," "sleep state," and "off state," and the modes and states can be interchanged in any embodiment of this specification. At least one of the above modes is mainly used as a general description to simplify the technical descriptions related to device behavior, and its scope of protection should not be limited by whether the standard explicitly defines a corresponding operating mode. For example, if the standard defines several UE behaviors that the device can and cannot perform, and these behaviors are consistent with the device behaviors defined in the sleep mode, but the sleep mode is not explicitly defined as a device state, then the technical descriptions related to the sleep mode can still be used in the corresponding technical aspects defined by the standard.

[0113] In the power-on mode, the operations that the device can perform (and cannot perform) include at least one of the following: the device can send AIoT transmissions in this mode; the device can receive AIoT transmissions in this mode; the device can detect a wake-up signal (WUS) in this mode; the device can be charged or perform RF-based energy harvesting and / or non-RF-based energy harvesting in this mode; the device can maintain clock synchronization and / or timing in this mode; the device can detect synchronization signals and / or acquire clock synchronization in this mode; and the device can store temporary information in this mode without losing the stored temporary information due to power failure.

[0114] In sleep mode, the device can (and cannot) perform the following operations: the device does not send AIoT transmissions in this mode; the device does not receive AIoT transmissions in this mode; the device can detect a Wake-Up Signal (WUS) in this mode; the device can be charged or perform RF-based energy harvesting and / or non-RF-based energy harvesting in this mode; the device can maintain clock synchronization and / or timing in this mode; and the device can store temporary information without losing the stored temporary information due to power failure. In a specific example, in sleep mode, the device turns off the receiver and transmitter, does not send or receive AIoT transmissions, and does not detect WUS, but can be charged through methods including RF energy harvesting, maintain clock synchronization, and store temporary information without losing the stored temporary information due to power failure. In this example, the device can determine the time to end sleep mode and / or enter on mode based on clock timing. In another specific example, in sleep mode, the device does not send or receive AIoT transmissions, can be charged through methods including RF energy harvesting, maintains clock synchronization, stores temporary information without losing the stored temporary information due to power failure, and can also detect some simple specific sequences as WUS, and end the sleep mode and / or enter the on mode after detecting the WUS signal, and / or determine the time point for ending the sleep mode and / or entering the on mode according to the clock timing.

[0115] In the shutdown mode, the operations that the device can perform (and cannot perform) include at least one of the following: the device does not send AIoT transmissions in this mode; the device does not receive AIoT transmissions in this mode; the device does not detect a wake-up signal (WUS) in this mode; the device can be charged or can perform RF-based energy harvesting and / or non-RF-based energy harvesting in this mode; the device does not maintain clock synchronization and / or timing in this mode; and the device does not store temporary information in this mode and may lose previously stored temporary information due to power failure.

[0116] In the following embodiments, the transmission time (including the maximum / minimum transmission time) may also be replaced with the time of the on mode (including the maximum / minimum time).

[0117] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a method performed by a first device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0118] refer to Figure 4In S401, based on first information related to the charging of the first device, second information related to the time of at least one mode of the first device is determined. In S402, the second information is sent to the second device. In S403, based on the second information, wireless transmissions are sent and / or received.

[0119] Optionally, the first device can be one of the devices and the reader, and the second device can be the other of the devices and the reader.

[0120] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating a method performed by a second device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0121] refer to Figure 5 In S501, second information related to the time of at least one mode of the first device is received from the first device, wherein the second information is determined based on first information related to the charging of the first device. In S503, wireless transmission is sent and / or received based on the second information.

[0122] Optionally, the charging-related information includes at least one of the following: charging-related device information, charging-related UE capabilities, charging-related AIoT transmission information, and information related to the on mode and / or sleep mode and / or off mode.

[0123] Optionally, the configuration information of the transmitted device and the configuration information of the received device can be used individually to determine the time of at least one mode, or they can be combined to determine the time of at least one mode.

[0124] Optionally, the device information related to charging includes at least one of the following:

[0125] Battery capacity;

[0126] Charging efficiency; where charging efficiency corresponds to the proportion of energy that the device converts from the charging signal into its stored energy. For example, if the charging signal power is -10dBm and the device charging efficiency is 10%, it means that the device's charging speed is -10dBm per unit time * 10%; or, the charging efficiency can correspond to the device's charging speed (e.g., X dBm / second), and further, it can be a typical or average charging speed under a specific power or power range of the charging signal. Multiple specific power / power ranges can correspond to different charging efficiency values ​​for different devices. Further, it includes the charging efficiency when the device receives a charging signal but does not simultaneously perform transmission / reception, and / or when receiving a charging signal and simultaneously performing transmission / reception;

[0127] Information related to the charging signal, when the device receives multiple charging signals, includes information related to the multiple charging signals or at least one charging signal. This information includes at least one of the following: the signal strength of the charging signal (details will be described in subsequent embodiments); frequency domain resource information of the charging signal, including at least one of bandwidth, start position, and end position; and the waveform of the charging signal.

[0128] Whether there is a frequency domain offset between the frequency domain position of the charging signal and the AIoT transmission; further, when the device is charged and simultaneously receives and / or transmits AIoT data, whether there is a frequency domain offset between the frequency domain position of the charging signal and the AIoT transmission. Further, when an offset exists, the magnitude of the offset (further including the specific value of the offset, and / or whether the value of the offset meets a predetermined threshold range), and / or the impact of the offset on charging, and / or the method of generating the frequency domain offset (e.g., implementing the offset between the carrier wave (CW) and the D2R signal as the charging signal through an internal offset module of the device, or implementing the offset between the CW and the D2R signal as the charging signal through linear encoding), can be determined by the ratio of the charging speed or effect when there is no offset;

[0129] The device's energy, available time, and available bits are at least one of the following: the device's energy, available time, and available bits; this at least one may be determined by the device through an internal module, and / or reported by the device to the reader, and / or determined by the reader through the device's reporting and / or the interaction between the reader and the device. Specific methods by which the device and / or reader determine this at least one will be described in subsequent embodiments.

[0130] The charging rate of the device, for example, the energy acquired by the device per unit of time, can be determined by the device through its internal modules, and / or reported by the device to the reader, and / or determined by the reader through the device's reporting and / or the interaction between the reader and the device. Specific methods by which the device and / or reader determine this charging rate will be described in subsequent embodiments.

[0131] Whether the device can simultaneously receive AIoT transmissions and charge, and / or whether the device can simultaneously send AIoT transmissions and charge; further, if the device can simultaneously receive AIoT transmissions and charge and / or can simultaneously send AIoT transmissions and charge, then the information also includes: the charging speed when the device simultaneously receives AIoT transmissions and charges and / or the charging speed when simultaneously sending AIoT transmissions and charges, which may be the ratio of the charging speed when the device charges but does not simultaneously send / receive AIoT transmissions;

[0132] Whether the device is (whether) already charged and can simultaneously receive AIoT transmissions and be charged, and / or whether the device is (whether) already charged and can simultaneously transmit AIoT transmissions and be charged, and / or whether the device will be charged and can simultaneously receive AIoT transmissions and be charged, and / or whether the device will be charged and can simultaneously transmit AIoT transmissions and be charged; wherein being charged includes receiving at least one wireless signal that can be used as a charging signal;

[0133] The modulation method for AIoT transmission, and further, the modulation method for D2R transmission; optionally, this method is used when CW is used as a charging signal; and / or, this method is used if the device simultaneously receives AIoT transmission and charging and / or can send AIoT transmission and receive charging signals. For example, D2R transmission using OOK modulation and D2R transmission using BPSK modulation may have different charging speeds due to the modulation method when all other conditions of the charging signal are the same. For example, the former may be 50% of the latter's speed. Therefore, the charging speed can be determined according to the D2R modulation method, thereby further determining the information related to the division of sub-signaling.

[0134] The power consumption of the device; it can have one or more values, and multiple values ​​can correspond to different device operating states, such as receiving and transmitting respectively, or receiving and / or transmitting with and without an amplifier respectively.

[0135] Optionally, the UE capabilities related to charging include at least one of the following:

[0136] The UE capabilities corresponding to the device's battery capacity. For example, multiple indices regarding the UE capabilities of a device's battery capacity correspond to various typical values ​​for the device's battery capacity;

[0137] UE capability corresponding to the charging efficiency of the device;

[0138] UE capabilities related to whether the device supports at least one of sleep mode, on mode, and off mode;

[0139] The UE capabilities related to whether the device can simultaneously receive AIoT transmissions and charge, and / or whether the device can simultaneously transmit AIoT transmissions and charge;

[0140] UE capabilities related to the charging speed when the device simultaneously receives AIoT transmissions and charges, and / or the charging speed when simultaneously transmitting AIoT transmissions and charges;

[0141] The UE capability corresponding to the power consumption of the device.

[0142] Optionally, the device reports at least one of the above-mentioned UE capabilities to the reader; and / or, the reader obtains from the device, including obtaining based on the information reported by the device, the at least one of the above-mentioned UE capabilities; and / or, when the reader does not obtain the at least one of the above-mentioned UE capabilities from the device, it uses the default value of the at least one of the above-mentioned UE capabilities.

[0143] Optionally, the information transmitted in relation to charging in the AIoT transmission includes at least one of the following:

[0144] The number of bits corresponding to at least one AIoT transmission, further including the number of bits corresponding to at least one higher layer signaling and / or physical layer signaling, including the minimum and / or maximum number of bits, specifically including at least one signaling size of the higher layer signaling (including the minimum and / or maximum size) and / or at least one TBS used by the physical layer signaling (including the minimum and / or maximum TBS, including the TBS table);

[0145] The transmission time corresponding to at least one AIoT transmission further includes the transmission time corresponding to at least one higher-layer signaling and / or physical-layer signaling, including minimum and / or maximum transmission times; in various embodiments of this specification, the transmission time corresponding to the AIoT transmission may also be replaced with the transmission time corresponding to the enabled mode.

[0146] Different types of AIoT transmissions (such as D2R signals sent by the device during inventory, similar to Msg1 or RN16, indicating information related to its own identification; and R2D signals sent by the reader during inventory, similar to Query in RFID, used to trigger inventory and / or commands, as well as indicating relevant information) can correspond to different numbers of bits and / or transmission times.

[0147] The number of bits corresponding to the physical layer signaling can be the number of information bits provided by the higher layer plus the number of bits corresponding to the payload added by the physical layer. The physical layer payload includes at least one of the following: prefix, infix, suffix, synchronization signal (if it is in the same transmission as the higher layer signaling and is not calculated in the payload corresponding to the prefix), control information, signal header, channel coding (e.g., FEC), CRC; it can be the number of physical layer bits before linear coding or the number of code chips after linear coding.

[0148] Optionally, the information transmitted in relation to charging in the AIoT can be configured / pre-configured, and / or preset, and / or indicated in signaling transmitted between the reader and the device, and / or determined based on other charging-related information. The configuration further includes at least one of the following: the device and / or the reader being configured by the base station, or the device being configured by the reader.

[0149] Optionally, the information related to AIoT transmissions for charging may further include information related to R2D transmissions and / or D2R transmissions, which may be configured / indicated separately.

[0150] In this embodiment, the first mode includes at least one of an on mode, a sleep mode, and a off mode, and the second mode includes at least another one of an on mode, a sleep mode, and a off mode. Optionally, the information related to the on mode and / or the sleep mode and / or the off mode includes at least one of the following:

[0151] Whether to enable sleep mode, and / or sleep mode related configurations;

[0152] Whether to enable the Wake-Up Signal (WUS), and / or WUS-related configurations; where WUS can be used to instruct the UE to enter the on mode from sleep mode or off mode;

[0153] Whether to enable the Go To Sleep Signal (GTSS), and / or GTSS-related configurations; where GTSS can be used to instruct the UE to enter the on mode from sleep mode or off mode;

[0154] The energy threshold for entering the first mode, and / or the energy threshold for ending the first mode, and / or the energy threshold for switching from the first mode to the second mode; for example, the device enters the on mode when its energy exceeds the threshold, or the device enters the sleep mode when its energy is below the threshold; different mode switching can correspond to different thresholds, for example, the energy threshold for entering / ending the on mode is 80% battery capacity, and the energy threshold for entering / turning on / off mode is 0% battery capacity.

[0155] At least one timer corresponding to the first mode; optionally, the device can enter the first mode when the timer is started, and the device can exit the first mode when the timer expires.

[0156] At least one cycle of the timer corresponding to the first mode;

[0157] Within the period of the timer corresponding to the first mode, at least one offset between the start position and / or end position of the timer and a reference point, which may be the start point of the period;

[0158] At least one timer corresponding to synchronization, and / or at least one period of the timer corresponding to synchronization, and / or at least one offset between the start position and / or end position of the timer within the period of the timer corresponding to synchronization and a reference point; wherein the timer may be used to enable the device to receive a synchronization signal and calibrate clock synchronization during the operation of the timer, and the device may not perform the reception and / or transmission of AIoT transmissions during the operation.

[0159] Optionally, the information related to the power-on mode and / or sleep mode and / or power-off mode includes information related to at least one timer for the corresponding power-on mode and / or sleep mode, and information related to at least one timer for the corresponding synchronization. Based on at least one timer for the corresponding power-on mode and / or sleep mode, the device enters the power-on mode during the time range in which the timer for the corresponding power-on mode is running; enters the sleep mode during the time range in which the timer for the corresponding power-on mode is not running (or may enter the power-off mode if power is insufficient), and / or enters the sleep mode during the time range in which the timer for the corresponding sleep mode is running (or may enter the power-off mode if power is insufficient); and receives a synchronization signal and calibrates clock synchronization during the time range in which the timer for the corresponding synchronization is running.

[0160] Optionally, the at least one timer corresponding to the first mode and / or the corresponding synchronization may be configured periodically, for example, the timer and the period and offset corresponding to the timer may be configured together through higher layer signaling; or it may be configured dynamically, for example, the physical layer control signaling (which may be DCI) or the R2D channel indicates a timer that is active once or N times, and may also indicate an offset corresponding to the timer, which may use the start or end time of the transmission of the physical layer control signaling or the R2D channel as a reference time point.

[0161] Optionally, the device and / or reader determine the signal strength of the charging signal, which includes the signal strength of the charging signal received by the device, and may be the power of the signal. This signal strength may be the signal strength over a specific frequency domain size (e.g., a PRB) and / or at least one frequency domain bandwidth; further, when the device receives multiple charging signals over multiple frequency domain bandwidths, it may be the signal strength of at least one or each charging signal.

[0162] Optionally, the signal strength of the charging signal is determined by measuring the charging signal and / or the D2R signal and / or the R2D signal, including at least one of the following:

[0163] The device determines this by measuring the charging signal;

[0164] The signal strength is determined by the device through measurement of the R2D signal; alternatively, this method is used at least in scenarios where the reader sends a charging signal to the device; for example, the device measures the signal strength of the R2D signal and assumes that the signal strength of the charging signal is the same as or has a preset offset from the signal strength of the R2D signal.

[0165] The signal strength is determined by the reader through measurement of the D2R signal; alternatively, this method is used at least in scenarios where the reader sends a charging signal to the device; for example, the reader measures the signal strength of the D2R signal and assumes that the signal strength of the charging signal received by the device is the same as or has a preset offset from the signal strength of the D2R signal received by the reader, wherein the offset may be caused by the difference in transmission power between the reader and the device.

[0166] The signal strength may be determined by at least one of the following (including measurements of at least one of the following): reference signal received power (RSRP), received signal strength indication (RSSI), path loss, and indication information regarding the strength or range of the charging signal.

[0167] Optionally, the device determines the location of a possible charging signal (including at least one of the start point, end point, and duration, which can be determined similarly using the methods in other embodiments of this specification), and performs at least one measurement at the location of the possible charging signal; optionally, the device reports the intensity of the measured charging signal to the reader.

[0168] Optionally, when a charging signal is sent by a network node other than the reader, the reader determines the location of the possible charging signal (including at least one of the start point, end point, and duration, which can be determined similarly using the methods in other embodiments of this specification), and performs at least one measurement at the location of the possible charging signal; wherein, this method can be used when the reader and the device are close to each other, for example, when the result of the reader's D2R transmission measurement to the device meets a predetermined threshold range.

[0169] Optionally, the device determines its energy based on at least one of the following:

[0170] The remaining energy is determined, including through internal modules;

[0171] Battery capacity; where the battery includes energy storage modules such as capacitors; for example, when the device is assumed to be fully charged, the energy of the device is the battery capacity;

[0172] When the device receives a charging signal, it determines the energy acquired during charging, including: Energy acquired during charging = Charging signal strength multiplied by charging efficiency (if present) multiplied by charging time; where the charging signal strength multiplied by the charging efficiency can be considered as the charging speed.

[0173] The device determines the energy consumption when it performs at least one of AIoT receiving (including blind detection but no signal has been received) or transmitting, and / or when an internal module of the device (such as a clock module) is running; different operating states, such as receiving, blind detection, transmitting, whether an amplifier is used, timing, etc., can correspond to different energy consumption.

[0174] In one exemplary embodiment, the device can detect the remaining energy in real time, and the device's energy is the detected energy. In another exemplary embodiment, the device cannot detect the remaining energy in real time and needs to estimate it through charging and energy consumption. Specifically, after the device starts charging from a power-off state, the device's energy is the initial remaining energy (assumed to be 0 in the power-off state) plus the energy gained through charging (if any) minus the energy consumed by the device. In yet another exemplary embodiment, the device cannot detect the remaining energy in real time. The device is assumed to be charged to its maximum battery capacity before starting AIoT transmission and / or receiving. After performing at least one operation such as blind detection, receiving, transmitting, and timing, the device's energy is the battery capacity minus the energy consumed by that at least one operation.

[0175] If the device reports charging and energy consumption information to the reader, and / or the reader determines the device's charging and energy consumption information, the reader can use a method similar to that of the device to determine the device's energy. For example, the reader obtains the remaining energy reported by the device. As another example, in a scenario where the reader sends a charging signal to the device, the reader can estimate the received signal strength of the charging signal at the device by measuring the device's D2R transmission, or calculate the received signal strength of the charging signal at the device by estimating path loss, and determine the energy acquired by the device through charging based on the charging efficiency reported by the device and the time it takes for the reader to provide the charging signal to the device.

[0176] Optionally, the device and / or reader may determine at least one of the following based on charging-related information:

[0177] The duration of the on-mode and / or sleep mode that the device can support, further including the maximum and / or minimum duration;

[0178] The duration of the off mode that the device can support, further including the maximum and / or minimum duration.

[0179] Optionally, the available time of the device further includes the time that can be used for sending and / or receiving, and / or the time (length) of the on mode that the device can support and / or the time (length) of the sleep mode, and / or the time (length) that the device can maintain clock timing; further, it includes the maximum and / or minimum available time.

[0180] In various embodiments of this specification, the available time of the device may also be replaced by the duration of the on-mode and / or the duration of the sleep mode that the device can support and / or the transmission time corresponding to an AIoT transmission.

[0181] Optionally, the availability time of the device is determined by at least one of the following:

[0182] When not charged, the device's energy is divided by the device's power consumption (e.g., power consumption during transmission, power consumption during reception);

[0183] When being charged, the device's energy is divided by the device's net power consumption, which can be the device's power consumption minus the device's charging rate; optionally, when the device's power consumption is lower than the charging rate, the device can be considered to be always available when being charged.

[0184] The device is configured to be available for a specific period of time, for example, by configuring a periodic timer to make the device available while the timer is running and unavailable (or enter sleep mode) after the timer expires. This method can be used in conjunction with other methods, for example, the device enters an available state when the timer starts running and enters an unavailable state and / or sleep mode after the available time determined by other methods and / or after the battery is depleted and / or after the timer expires.

[0185] Optionally, the device performs the above method, and / or: if the device reports information related to charging and energy consumption to the reader, and / or the reader determines the charging and energy consumption information of the device, the reader may use a method similar to that of the device to determine the available time of the device.

[0186] Optionally, the device performs the above method, and the device reports the determined available time to the reader. Further, the available time is reported via a D2R signal, which can be indicated by explicit fields in the D2R transmission, and / or by the presence or absence of a preamble / midamble / postamble in the D2R transmission and / or by the information bits carried.

[0187] Optionally, the reader determines the maximum available time of the device based on at least one of the following: the device's energy and / or the device's battery capacity, the device's power consumption, the device's charging speed, or information related to the device's charging speed. The physical meaning of this maximum available time may be the maximum time the device can remain usable when its battery is fully charged, based on information related to the device's charging speed; for example, after this maximum time, the device's battery is depleted and it becomes unusable.

[0188] Optionally, the reader configures the available time for the device, further including: the value of the available time configured for the device corresponds to or does not exceed the maximum available time of the device.

[0189] Optionally, the reader configures the available time for the device, and / or the device acquires the configuration of the available time, further including: after the available time configured for the device ends, the device enters a sleep mode; specifically, the device does not receive or send AIoT transmissions, and optionally, the device maintains a clock timing until the next available time before entering an available state.

[0190] Optionally, the reader determines whether the device is available by including at least one of the following:

[0191] The device is available during its available time; outside of the available time, the device is unavailable or enters sleep mode.

[0192] When the device responds to a signal sent by the reader, the device is in an available state; otherwise, the device is in an unavailable state or sleep mode. Furthermore, after the reader sends a signal requiring a response from the device, within a predetermined time range, if the device responds to the signal, the device is available; otherwise, the device is unavailable or sleeps. And / or, if the device responds to the signal sent by the reader, from the time of that response, the device is available for another predetermined time range, after which the device becomes unavailable or sleeps.

[0193] Optionally, if the device enters an unavailable state, the reader assumes that the device (before being charged) has zero energy. Optionally, if the device enters sleep mode, the reader assumes that the device (before being charged) has zero energy or a predetermined value, which may be a predetermined percentage of the device's battery capacity.

[0194] In various embodiments of this specification, the number of available bits of the device may also be replaced with the number of bits corresponding to an AIoT transmission. Optionally, the number of available bits of the device may further include the number of bits that can be used for transmission and / or reception. This parameter may be determined by at least one of the following:

[0195] Based on the UE capabilities, this method may optionally be used when the device is assumed to be fully charged or has received a charging signal.

[0196] This method is either preset or configured, and optionally used when the device is assumed to be fully charged or has received a charging signal;

[0197] The available time of a device can be multiplied by the transmission rate, or it can be determined directly by the device's energy and power consumption, for example, by dividing the device's energy by its power consumption and multiplying by the transmission rate.

[0198] The number of available bits for the device determined by the above method can be the number of physical layer bits, such as the total number of bits including at least one other payload such as CRC, FEC encoding, control information, signal header, preamble (further including signals for synchronization and / or indicators for the start of transmission), and transmission end indicator; or it can be the number of information bits, such as the number of information bits excluding at least one of CRC, FEC encoding, control information, and signal header (if the header is a physical layer signal header).

[0199] The available bit count of the device determined by the above methods can be either the number of bits before linear encoding or the number of code chips after linear encoding. Alternatively, if AIoT transmission does not use linear encoding, the number of bits before linear encoding or the number of un-linearly encoded code chips can be considered the same, and the available bit count of the device can also be the number of un-linearly encoded code chips. Optionally, the number of code chips can be converted to the number of bits before linear encoding based on the linear encoding method, and the number of bits before linear encoding can be used as the number of bits for the physical layer. For example, the number of code chips using Manchester encoding is twice the number of bits before linear encoding, the number of code chips using FM0 encoding is twice the number of bits before linear encoding, the number of code chips using PIE encoding is three times the number of bits before linear encoding (3 bits is a typical value; other values ​​can also be used in actual systems), and so on.

[0200] Optionally, the device and / or reader determine the number of available bits in the physical layer of the device based on the above method, and further determine the number of available bits in the higher layers based on the number of available bits in the physical layer. Optionally, the number of available bits in the higher layers is the number of available bits in the physical layer minus the number of information bits of at least one of the following: CRC, FEC encoding, control information, and signal header (if the header is a physical layer signal header).

[0201] Optionally, if the AIoT transmission includes R2D channels and / or D2R channels as well as other physical layer payloads such as prefixes, and there may be an interval between the R2D channels and / or D2R channels and the payloads (e.g., processing delay for enabling the device to receive the R2D prefix and acquire / maintain clock synchronization based on the synchronization signal in the prefix), then when determining the number of available bits based on the available time, the possible interval needs to be subtracted from the available time, and the number of available bits is determined based on the remaining available time.

[0202] Optionally, when there is a frequency domain offset between the frequency domain position of the charging signal and the AIoT transmission, the magnitude of the offset and / or the impact of the offset on charging can be determined by independent coefficients or by different charging efficiencies.

[0203] In one exemplary embodiment, when there is a large frequency domain offset between the frequency domain position of the charging signal and the AIoT transmission (e.g., greater than a predetermined threshold, or for example, a frequency domain offset on the order of MHz), the charging speed or charging efficiency parameter, with other parameters remaining unchanged, is 1% of the value when there is no frequency domain offset between the frequency domain position of the charging signal and the AIoT transmission; when there is a small frequency domain offset between the frequency domain position of the charging signal and the AIoT transmission (e.g., less than a predetermined threshold, or for example, a frequency domain offset on the order of PRB / KHz), and this frequency domain offset is achieved through a hardware module such as a frequency offsetter. In practice, the charging speed or charging efficiency parameter is 2% of the frequency domain position of the charging signal and the frequency domain position of the AIoT transmission when other parameters remain unchanged; when there is a small frequency domain offset between the frequency domain position of the charging signal and the AIoT transmission, and this frequency domain offset is implemented by linear coding such as Miller code, the charging speed or charging efficiency parameter is 3% of the frequency domain position of the charging signal and the frequency domain position of the AIoT transmission when other parameters remain unchanged; where x1, x2, and x3 are preset, configured, or determined based on UE capabilities.

[0204] Optionally, based on the time of the at least one of the modes, sending and / or receiving AIoT transmissions includes performing at least one of the following before entering the on mode and / or after entering the sleep mode and / or off mode:

[0205] The reader sends a charging signal to the device;

[0206] The device receives a charging signal, which includes at least the charging signal sent by the reader, and may also include charging signals sent by other network nodes.

[0207] Optionally, sending and / or receiving AIoT transmissions based on the time of at least one of the aforementioned modes includes performing at least one of the following:

[0208] If the device enters the power-on mode, the reader sends a charging signal to the device; optionally, the sending of the charging signal can cover the time the device is in the power-on mode.

[0209] If the device enters sleep mode, the reader sends a charging signal to the device; optionally, the sending of the charging signal can cover the time the device is in sleep mode.

[0210] If the device enters power-on mode or sleep mode, it receives a charging signal. This charging signal includes at least the charging signal sent by the reader, and may also include charging signals sent by other network nodes.

[0211] The device and / or reader receiving and / or transmitting a charging signal further includes: determining at least one of the following: the start point, the end point, the duration, the frequency domain resources, and the transmission power of the charging signal; and receiving and / or transmitting the charging signal based on the at least one of these. Further, it includes determining another element based on at least two of the start point, the end point, and the duration of the charging signal's transmission location.

[0212] Optionally, the endpoint of the charging signal transmission indicates that the reader will at least transmit the charging signal up to that point in time. However, the reader may not necessarily terminate the transmission of the charging signal after that point and can continue to transmit the charging signal. For example, if the endpoint of the charging signal transmission is before the start position of the start mode, the reader can still continue to transmit the charging signal until the end position of the start mode, providing charging for the device within the start mode time range. Similarly, the start point indicates that the reader will at least begin transmitting the charging signal at this point in time, but the reader may begin transmitting the charging signal earlier than this point in time.

[0213] Optionally, determining the endpoint of the charging signal transmission includes determining the starting time point based on the start time point of the on-mode and / or the start time point of the device's available time. Further, the interval between the endpoint of the charging signal transmission location and the start time point of the on-mode and / or the start time point of the device's available time does not exceed a first threshold and / or is not lower than a second threshold. In an exemplary embodiment, the endpoint T of the charging signal transmission location... EH The interval T1-T between the start time point T1 of the activation mode and the activation time point T1 EH The first threshold is used to ensure that the device does not wait too long after being fully charged, thus preventing AIoT transmission from completing the start mode due to further energy consumption during the waiting period. In another exemplary embodiment, the endpoint T of the charging signal transmission location... EH The interval T1-T between the start time point T1 of the activation mode and the activation time point T1 EHThe power supply must be no less than a second threshold, which ensures that the device is fully charged before entering the start mode, thus providing sufficient energy to support AIoT transmission during the start mode period. Optionally, if the device can determine whether to enter the start mode by detecting WUS and / or if AIoT transmission resources are configured, the start time point of the start mode in this method can also be replaced with the start time point of the WUS resources and / or the start time point of the AIoT transmission resources. Optionally, the technical effect of the start time point-based approach in this method is pre-charging before processing potential AIoT transmissions; the start time point can also be replaced with an end time point, the effect of which is to maintain charging during the processing of potential AIoT transmissions. The reader can send both a charging signal corresponding to the start time point and an end time point in this method to ensure power supply at different stages of the communication process.

[0214] Optionally, the starting point of the charging signal transmission is determined, including determination based on the start time of the on-mode and / or the start time of the device's available time and / or the start time of the sleep mode. Optionally, the interval between the starting point of the charging signal transmission and the start time of the on-mode and / or the start time of the device's available time does not exceed a first threshold and / or is not lower than a second threshold, wherein the first threshold ensures that the device is not prematurely charged, resulting in energy waste and interference of the charging signal to the wireless communication environment, and the second threshold can be used to ensure that the device can obtain charging in a timely manner after entering the on-mode. Optionally, the interval between the starting point of the charging signal transmission and the start time of the sleep mode does not exceed a first threshold and / or is not lower than a second threshold, wherein the first threshold can be used to ensure that the device is not prematurely charged, resulting in energy waste and interference of the charging signal to the wireless communication environment, and the second threshold can be used to ensure that the device can quickly obtain charging after entering the sleep mode, thereby completing charging earlier and being able to re-enter the on-mode for AIoT transmission.

[0215] Optionally, determining the transmission duration of the charging signal includes determining the duration based on the on-mode and / or the available time of the device and / or the number of bits corresponding to at least one AIoT transmission and / or the transmission time corresponding to at least one AIoT transmission. Further, it includes at least one of the following:

[0216] The transmission duration of the charging signal is not less than the minimum duration corresponding to the on-mode and / or the available time of the device, and / or not less than the minimum transmission duration corresponding to at least one AIoT transmission. Wherein, if the communication process includes multiple AIoT transmissions (e.g., during inventory, including R2D signaling similar to Query, D2R signaling similar to RN16 and Msg1 indicating device identification information, possibly also including R2D response signaling similar to Msg2, and D2R and R2D signaling for further interaction similar to Msg3 and Msg4, and R2D signaling indicating AIoT commands, etc.), then the transmission time corresponding to the at least one AIoT transmission includes the transmission time corresponding to the multiple AIoT transmissions. Optionally, this method is used for charging signals at or after the start of the on-mode.

[0217] The transmission duration of the charging signal is not less than the first charging time; wherein, the first charging time corresponds to the time during which the device can obtain specific energy through the charging signal, and this specific energy corresponds to a first energy level and / or a second energy level. Specifically, the first charging time can be determined by multiplying the strength of the charging signal by the charging efficiency by multiplying the first charging time by a method that is not less than the first energy level and / or not more than the second energy level; wherein, the first energy level corresponds to the power consumption corresponding to the minimum time length of the available time of the on-state and / or the minimum power consumption corresponding to the available time of the on-state and / or the power consumption corresponding to the minimum time length of the transmission time corresponding to at least one AIoT transmission, and / or the power consumption corresponding to the minimum power consumption corresponding to at least one AIoT transmission; the second energy level corresponds to the power consumption corresponding to the maximum time length of the available time of the on-state and / or the maximum power consumption corresponding to the available time of the on-state and / or the power consumption corresponding to the maximum time length of the transmission time corresponding to at least one AIoT transmission, and / or the power consumption corresponding to the maximum power consumption corresponding to at least one AIoT transmission. Specifically, the first and second energy levels can be determined by multiplying the device's power consumption by the on-mode and / or the device's available time and / or the minimum / maximum duration of the transmission time corresponding to at least one AIoT transmission. Specifically, the transmission time and / or power consumption corresponding to the AIoT transmission can be determined based on the number of bits corresponding to the AIoT transmission and / or physical layer parameters such as transmission rate, linear coding, and modulation method. The number of bits corresponding to the AIoT transmission can be the number of bits corresponding to a specific signaling, for example, the number of bits corresponding to a D2R transmission like Msg1 / RN16 can be 16 bits of random number + 6 bits of CRC. Optionally, this method is used for charging signals prior to the start position of the start mode, i.e., pre-charged charging signals.

[0218] Optionally, based on bit rate, linear coding method, modulation method, etc., the number of bits corresponding to at least one AIoT transmission can be converted into the transmission time corresponding to at least one AIoT transmission.

[0219] Optionally, determining the transmission power of the charging signal includes at least one of the following: always transmitting the charging signal at maximum power; determining the transmission power of the charging signal based on path loss (including at least one of reader-to-device path loss, device-to-reader path loss, and reader-to-base station path loss; if the charging signal is not transmitted by the reader, the reader in this method can be replaced by a node transmitting the charging signal); determining the transmission power of the charging signal based on open-loop power control, and / or closed-loop power control, and / or power control parameters configured by the base station; and determining the transmission power of the charging signal based on interference conditions with other readers and / or other nodes transmitting charging signals. The interference conditions with other readers and / or other nodes transmitting charging signals can be determined by measuring the signal strength of other readers and / or other nodes transmitting charging signals, and / or by information indicated by other readers and / or other nodes transmitting charging signals and / or the base station.

[0220] Optionally, the device enters the power-on mode when at least one of the following conditions is met:

[0221] The device's energy is higher than a threshold (a method for determining the device's own energy is described in other embodiments); wherein, the threshold may be the energy corresponding to at least one AIoT transmission, for example, the energy corresponding to the minimum value of its transmission time and / or number of bits (a method for calculating the energy is described in other embodiments); and / or the threshold may be the energy corresponding to the duration of the on mode, for example, the energy corresponding to its minimum duration (a method for calculating the energy is described in other embodiments); and / or the threshold may be preset and / or configured and / or indicated to the device by the reader;

[0222] The device determines that WUS is enabled based on preset criteria, and / or obtains configuration information related to WUS; and / or, the device receives WUS sent by the reader;

[0223] The device receives the instruction information from the reader to the target device and determines that it belongs to the target device;

[0224] The device enters the on-mode based on a timer; for example, based on the timer's configuration information, the device determines the time range in which the timer runs, and within that time range, the device enters the on-mode; wherein, the timer may be a timer corresponding to the on-mode and / or at least one AIoT transmission.

[0225] The device is about to begin sending or receiving AIoT transmissions.

[0226] Entering the enabled mode includes at least Tproc entering the enabled mode before starting to send or receive AIoT transmissions and / or before the timer runs for a certain period of time. Tproc corresponds to the processing delay for entering the enabled mode and / or performing AIoT transmissions.

[0227] Optionally, the reader assumes the device has entered power-on mode or instructs the device to enter power-on mode when at least one of the following conditions is met:

[0228] It is determined that the device's energy is higher than the activation threshold; further, if the reader provides a charging signal to the device, the energy acquired by the device can be determined based on the relevant information of the charging signal (specific methods are described in other embodiments), thereby determining whether the device's energy is higher than the activation threshold based on the energy acquired by the device and / or based on the remaining energy of the device and the acquired energy;

[0229] The device was configured with WUS-related information; and / or, WUS was sent to the device;

[0230] An instruction message was sent to the target device, in which the device indicated (and which may also meet other conditions) is assumed to be in an on mode;

[0231] Determine when the device enters the on mode based on information from timers configured or indicated for the device;

[0232] The reader receives D2R signaling sent by the device; and / or, for R2D signaling sent by the reader to the device, the reader receives D2R response signaling sent by the device, such as D2R signaling like RN16 during inventory as response signaling like Query for R2D, or D2R acknowledgment signaling for R2D instruction signaling during instruction process as response signaling, etc.

[0233] Optionally, if the reader needs to perform AIoT transmission with a specific target device, it sends a WUS signal to the device before the AIoT transmission. Further, before sending the AIoT transmission and / or before the timer corresponding to the device's on-mode runs for at least a certain period (Tproc), the reader sends a WUS signal to the device, where Tproc corresponds to the processing delay for entering the on-mode and / or performing the AIoT transmission.

[0234] Optionally, if at least one of the following conditions is met, the device indicates to the reader that at least one of the following conditions and / or indicates that it needs to be woken up by a WUS signal, and / or the reader is triggered to send a WUS signal to the device.

[0235] Optionally, if the reader needs to perform AIoT transmission with a specific target device, but assumes the device has failed to enter the on mode based on the above conditions, a charging signal is sent to that device. Optionally, the signal is sent at least until the running time of the timer for the next on mode configured for the target device, and / or the time of the next WUS signal sent to the target device, and / or until the device can obtain energy above the on threshold through the charging signal.

[0236] Optionally, the reader configures WUS-related information for the device and / or sends WUS to the device when at least one of the following conditions is met; and / or the device determines that WUS is enabled and / or receives WUS sent by the reader when at least one of the following conditions is met:

[0237] The charging signal power meets a predetermined threshold range, for example, it is below a threshold.

[0238] The duration of sleep mode and / or off mode, and / or the duration of charging time (which can be determined by the duration of the charging signal) conform to a predetermined threshold range, for example, exceeding the threshold; the technical reasons for this method include that when the device maintains synchronization by its own clock in sleep mode or may lose synchronization in off mode, the estimation of when to end sleep / off mode and when to enter on mode may be inaccurate. Detecting WUS can be used to verify the estimated time point. In addition, WUS can be detected to calibrate / acquire synchronization.

[0239] Optionally, the device may exit the power-on mode and / or enter sleep mode when at least one of the following conditions is met:

[0240] The device receives the GTSS sent by the reader;

[0241] The device's energy is below a sleep threshold (a method for determining the device's own energy is described in other embodiments); wherein, the sleep threshold may be the energy corresponding to at least one AIoT transmission, for example, the energy corresponding to the minimum value of its transmission time and / or number of bits (a method for calculating the energy is described in other embodiments); and / or the sleep threshold may be the energy corresponding to the duration of the on-mode, for example, the energy corresponding to its minimum duration (a method for calculating the energy is described in other embodiments); and / or the sleep threshold may be preset and / or configured and / or indicated to the device by the reader;

[0242] No R2D signaling was received within the given time range; wherein, the given time range includes the maximum and / or minimum value of the time, and the start point of the time range may be the time when the device last completed sending D2R signaling, and / or the time when the timer for the enabled mode started running, and / or the start / end position of the WUS resource;

[0243] The timer determines when to enter sleep mode.

[0244] And / or, optionally, the device ends the power-on mode and / or enters sleep mode when at least one of the following conditions is met:

[0245] Upon receiving the first signaling, and / or if the received first signaling is not intended for the device or does not meet the preset conditions; further, the device enters a sleep mode after receiving the first signaling according to preset criteria or received configuration information; wherein the duration of the sleep mode can be used for charging to compensate for the power consumption of receiving the first signaling, and / or as pre-charging for subsequent AIoT transmission / reception power consumption.

[0246] The received signaling contained information related to entering sleep mode;

[0247] The received signaling indicates information about the time and location of subsequent AIoT transmissions (including R2D transmissions and / or D2R transmissions), and / or, according to preset / configured criteria, there is a time interval between the received signaling and the subsequent AIoT transmission (e.g., there is a time interval between R2D and its corresponding D2R transmission, and the minimum and / or maximum value of this interval is preset).

[0248] The first signaling includes at least one of the following:

[0249] Similar to Query, QueryRep, QueryAdjust, etc., used to trigger inventory and / or indicate inventory-related configuration and / or scheduling information R2D transmission, for ease of description, it is referred to as AIoT-Msg0 in this embodiment;

[0250] The R2D transmission sent by the device in response to AIoT-Msg1, referred to as AIoT-Msg2 in this embodiment for ease of description, includes a D2R transmission sent by the device in response to AIoT-Msg0. This transmission can be used to indicate information related to the device's identity, including a randomly generated and / or a random number of several bits generated based on the device's ID (e.g., RN16 similar to RFID).

[0251] The R2D transmission of AIoT-Msg3 sent by the response device is referred to as AIoT-Msg4 in this embodiment for ease of description. AIoT-Msg3 includes the D2R transmission sent by the device in response to AIoT-Msg2. This transmission can be used to indicate information related to AIoT services and information that needs to be reported during inventory (such as EPC information similar to RFID).

[0252] R2D signaling for multicast or broadcast;

[0253] R2D signaling whose length and / or transmission time conform to a given threshold range.

[0254] Information related to entering sleep mode includes at least one of the following:

[0255] GTSS signal;

[0256] The identity and / or type of the device that needs to enter sleep mode (which can be indicated by UE capabilities);

[0257] Information related to previous transmissions of the device that needs to enter sleep mode, including the resource location corresponding to the transmission (e.g., frequency domain location) and / or the information indicated in the transmission (e.g., information for distinguishing identity indicated in AIoT-Msg1);

[0258] The time point at which the on mode ends and / or the sleep mode begins; optionally, this time point includes a specific time point (e.g., determined by adding a preset / indicated offset to the time position of the signal indicating information related to entering the sleep mode), and / or a time range after the time position of the signal indicating information related to entering the sleep mode (the start and / or end point of this time range can be preset, can be 0 or infinity, for example, the device can enter the sleep mode immediately after the time position of the signal indicating information related to entering the sleep mode, corresponding to 0, or the device can enter the sleep mode at any time after the time position of the signal indicating information related to entering the sleep mode, corresponding to infinity).

[0259] The time point at which sleep mode ends and / or on mode begins;

[0260] Information related to the charging signal, including at least one of the following: the start position, the end position, and the length (including the minimum and / or maximum length) of the charging signal;

[0261] The duration of the sleep mode; this information can be indicated by a timer; this information can be used to determine the time to end the sleep mode and / or enter the on mode.

[0262] Optionally, when the device receives a first signaling message and the received first signaling message is not intended for the device, the method further includes at least one of the following:

[0263] The received first signaling indicates the time position of the next D2R transmission and / or R2D transmission; then the on-mode and / or sleep mode ends before the time position of the next R2D transmission or before the time position of the next D2R transmission. The time position of the next D2R transmission includes the position of the end time of the next D2R transmission (optionally, this method is used when the end position is indicated in the received first signaling, and / or can be determined by a preset signaling length / transmission time length and the start time position of the next D2R transmission), and / or the start position of the next D2R transmission plus a preset offset, wherein the preset offset may correspond to the minimum transmission time of the D2R transmission (which may be the transmission time corresponding to the minimum number of bits), or the minimum value of the preset interval between the D2R transmission and the R2D transmission, or the sum of both;

[0264] The first signal received corresponds to a specific communication process (e.g., inventory, instruction, inventory and instruction), and the time length (including the minimum and / or maximum value of the time length) corresponding to the communication process (including at least one cycle of the communication process) is preset; then the start mode ends and / or the sleep mode is entered until the specific communication process ends, and the end position can be determined by the start position and time length of the communication process.

[0265] Optionally, when the device receives a first signaling and the received first signaling does not meet the preset conditions, the method further includes: receiving AIoT-Msg0, determining that no AIoT transmission and / or reception is required within the communication process corresponding to AIoT-Msg0 or a cycle of the communication process (e.g., a cycle corresponds to the time from after AIoT-Msg0 to before the next AIoT-Msg0), then ending the on-mode and / or entering the sleep mode.

[0266] In a specific example, after receiving AIoT-Msg0, the device enters a sleep mode, the duration of which can be related to the power consumption during the process of receiving AIoT-Msg0.

[0267] In another specific example, after receiving AIoT-Msg0 (or AIoT-Msg2, or other R2D transmissions), the device enters sleep mode until the resource location corresponding to the transmission of AIoT-Msg1 (or the resource location corresponding to the transmission of AIoT-Msg2, or the time location of the subsequent D2R transmission scheduled for other R2D transmissions) is reached. This method can be understood as the device entering sleep mode to recharge during the interval between an R2D reception and the subsequent D2R transmission corresponding to that R2D, and entering power mode to perform the transmission before sending the subsequent D2R transmission.

[0268] In another specific example, if a device receives an R2D transmission and determines that another device is performing a disk entry and / or instruction-related communication process, it enters a sleep mode until the communication process performed by that other device ends. Within the time range corresponding to the sleep mode, the device may also enter an on mode at the corresponding AIoT-Msg0 time point to receive potential AIoT-Msg0, and exit the on mode and enter a sleep mode at other time ranges; and / or enter an on mode at a time point where a disk entry-related process may end (e.g., determined by the time length / minimum time length / maximum time length corresponding to a disk entry process) to receive potential R2D transmissions and / or determine whether the disk entry process in the communication process includes instruction-related communication processes performed by other devices after its completion. If so, the device enters a sleep mode during the instruction-related process and enters an on mode after the time point where the instruction-related process may end.

[0269] Optionally, the reader assumes the device has entered sleep mode or instructs the device to enter sleep mode when at least one of the following conditions is met (in this embodiment, sleep mode can also be replaced by off mode):

[0270] Configure GTSS-related information for the device; and / or send GTSS to the device; and / or receive GTSS acknowledgment from the device.

[0271] It is determined that the device's energy is below a threshold; further, if the reader provides a charging signal to the device, the energy acquired by the device can be determined based on the relevant information of the charging signal (specific methods are described in other embodiments), thereby determining whether the device's energy is above a threshold based on the energy acquired by the device and / or based on the remaining energy of the device and the acquired energy;

[0272] The AIoT transmission process with the target device has ended;

[0273] Determine when the device enters sleep mode based on information from timers configured or indicated for the device;

[0274] The reader fails to receive D2R signaling sent by the device and / or fails to receive D2R response signaling for R2D signaling within a given time range. The given time range includes the maximum and / or minimum values ​​of that time, and the start point of the time range may be the time when the last D2R signaling was received, and / or the time when the last R2D signaling was sent, and / or the time when the timer for the enabled mode started running, and / or the start / end position of the WUS resource.

[0275] Optionally, if the reader needs to perform AIoT transmission with a specific target device, but assumes the device has failed to enter the on mode based on the above conditions, a charging signal is sent to that device. Optionally, the signal is sent at least until the runtime of the timer for the next on mode configured for the target device, and / or the time of the next WUS signal sent to the target device, and / or until the device can obtain energy above a threshold through the charging signal.

[0276] Figure 6 A block diagram of an electronic device 600 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0277] refer to Figure 6 An electronic device 600 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure may include a transceiver 601 and a controller 602. For example, the transceiver 601 may be configured to transmit and receive signals. For example, the controller 602 may be coupled to the transceiver 601 and configured to perform the aforementioned methods.

[0278] Those skilled in the art will understand that the illustrative embodiments described above are not intended to be limiting. It should be understood that any two or more of the embodiments disclosed herein can be combined in any combination. Furthermore, other embodiments may be utilized and other changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the subject matter presented herein. It will be readily understood that aspects of the invention disclosed herein, as generally described herein and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, can be arranged, substituted, combined, separated, and designed in a variety of different configurations, all of which are contemplated herein.

[0279] Those skilled in the art will understand that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits, and steps described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability between hardware and software, the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are described above in the form of sets of functions. Whether such sets of functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those skilled in the art may implement the described sets of functions in different ways for each specific application, but such design decisions should not be construed as departing from the scope of this application.

[0280] The various illustrative logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in this application may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in alternatives, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors cooperating with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

[0281] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in this application may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of both. The software module may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor so that the processor can read and write information to / from the storage medium. In an alternative, the storage medium may be integrated into the processor. The processor and storage medium may reside in an ASIC. The ASIC may reside in a user terminal. In an alternative, the processor and storage medium may reside as discrete components in the user terminal.

[0282] In one or more exemplary designs, the functionality may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functionality may be stored or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media, the latter including any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one location to another. Storage media may be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0283] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The scope of protection of this application is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method performed by a first device in a wireless communication system, comprising: Based on first information related to the charging of the first device, second information related to the time of at least one mode of the first device is determined; Send the second information to the second device; as well as Based on the second information, wireless transmissions are sent and / or received.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The second information for determining the time related to at least one mode of the first device includes: Based on information related to the at least one mode, second information related to the time of the at least one mode of the first device is determined.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The at least one mode includes an on mode, and / or a sleep mode, and / or an off mode.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first information includes at least one of the following: Information transmitted wirelessly related to charging; The battery capacity of the first device or the capability related to the battery capacity of the first device; The charging efficiency of the first device or the capability related to the charging efficiency of the first device; Information related to the charging signal; Is there a frequency domain offset between the frequency domain location of the charging signal and the wireless transmission? The energy of the first device; The availability time of the first device; The number of available bits in the first device; The charging speed of the first device or the capability related to the charging speed of the first device; Whether the first device supports simultaneous wireless transmission and charging or related capabilities; Whether the first device has been charged and supports simultaneous wireless transmission and charging; Whether the first device will be charged and supports simultaneous wireless transmission and charging or other capabilities related to the power consumption of the first device; Modulation methods for wireless transmission; The power consumption of the first device; Capabilities related to whether the first device supports at least one of the modes.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the wirelessly transmitted information related to charging includes at least one of the following: At least one number of bits corresponding to a wireless transmission; The transmission time corresponding to at least one wireless transmission.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein, Information associated with at least one of the following: Configuration associated with at least one of the aforementioned modes; Configuration related to wake-up signals; Configuration related to sleep signals; A first threshold for entering and / or ending at least one of the aforementioned modes; At least one timer corresponding to the at least one of the aforementioned modes; At least one cycle of the timer corresponding to the at least one of the aforementioned modes; At least one offset between the start and / or end positions of the timer corresponding to at least one of the aforementioned modes and the reference point; At least one timer corresponding to synchronization; At least one cycle of the corresponding synchronized timer; At least one offset between the start and / or end positions of the corresponding synchronized timer and the reference point.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The second information includes at least one of the time length, maximum time length, and minimum time length of the at least one mode supported by the first device.

8. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The available bit count of the first device includes bits used for wireless transmission, wherein the number of bits used for wireless transmission is determined by at least one of the following: The capabilities of the first device; Preset or configuration; The availability time of the first device and the rate of wireless transmission.

9. The method according to claim 3, further comprising: If the first condition is met, enter the activation mode. The first condition includes at least one of the following: The energy of the first device is higher than the second threshold; The first device determines that the wake-up signal has been enabled, and / or has obtained configuration information related to the wake-up signal, and / or has received the wake-up signal sent by the second device; The first device receives the instruction information from the second device to the target device and determines that the first device belongs to the target device; The first device determines whether to enter the on mode based on a timer; The first device will begin sending and / or receiving wireless transmissions.

10. The method of claim 3, further comprising: If the fourth condition is met, the power-on mode will end and / or the sleep mode will be entered. The fourth condition includes at least one of the following: The first device receives a sleep signal sent by the second device; The energy of the first device is below the fourth threshold; No signaling from the second device to the first device was received within the first time frame. The timer determines when to enter sleep mode; First signaling received; The first signaling received was not sent to the first device or does not meet the preset conditions; The received signaling contained information related to entering sleep mode; The received signaling contains information related to the time and location of subsequent wireless transmissions; There is a time interval between the received signaling and the subsequent wireless transmission.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein, Information related to entering sleep mode includes at least one of the following: Sleep signals; The identification and / or type of the device that needs to enter sleep mode; The previously transmitted information of the device that needs to enter sleep mode; The time point at which the on mode ends and / or enters sleep mode; The time point at which sleep mode ends and / or on mode begins; Information related to the charging signal; The duration corresponding to the sleep mode.

12. A method performed by a second device in a wireless communication system, comprising: Receive second information related to the time of at least one mode of the first device from the first device, wherein the second information is determined based on first information related to the charging of the first device; as well as Based on the second information, wireless transmissions are sent and / or received.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein, The first information includes at least one of the following: Information transmitted wirelessly related to charging; Information related to at least one of the aforementioned patterns; The battery capacity of the first device or the capability related to the battery capacity of the first device; The charging efficiency of the first device or the capability related to the charging efficiency of the first device; Information related to the charging signal; Is there a frequency domain offset between the frequency domain location of the charging signal and the wireless transmission? The energy of the first device; The availability time of the first device; The number of available bits in the first device; The charging speed of the first device or the capability related to the charging speed of the first device; Whether the first device supports simultaneous wireless transmission and charging or related capabilities; Whether the first device has been charged and supports simultaneous wireless transmission and charging; Whether the first device will be charged and supports simultaneous wireless transmission and charging or other capabilities related to the power consumption of the first device; Modulation methods for wireless transmission; The power consumption of the first device; Capabilities related to whether the first device supports at least one of the modes.

14. The method according to claim 12, wherein, Information related to the charging signal includes the signal strength of the charging signal, and The signal strength of the charging signal is determined by measuring the charging signal and / or the signal from the first device to the second device and / or the signal from the second device to the first device.

15. The method of claim 13, further comprising determining whether the first device is available, in, Determining whether the first device is available includes at least one of the following: It is determined that the first device is available during the available time of the first device, and is unavailable or enters sleep mode outside the available time of the first device; The first device is determined to be available when it responds to a signal sent by the second device; otherwise, the first device is unavailable or enters sleep mode.

16. The method of claim 13, further comprising sending a charging signal, in, Sending the charging signal includes: Determine at least one of the following: the start point, end point, duration, frequency domain resources, and transmission power of the charging signal; and The charging signal is sent based on at least one of the above.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein, Determining the transmission duration of the charging signal includes determining the transmission duration of the charging signal based on the on-mode and / or the available time of the first device and / or the number of bits corresponding to at least one wireless transmission and / or the transmission time corresponding to at least one wireless transmission.

18. The method according to claim 16, wherein, Determining the transmission power of the charging signal includes determining the transmission power of the charging signal based on at least one of the following: The maximum transmission power of the charging signal; Path loss in wireless transmission; Open-loop power control; Closed-loop power control; Power control parameters; Interference between the second device and other devices.

19. The method of claim 12, further comprising: If the fifth condition is met, it is assumed or indicated that the first device enters sleep mode: The first device is configured with information related to sleep signals; A sleep signal is sent to the first device; The confirmation signal for the sleep signal sent by the first device is received; The energy of the first device was determined to be below the fifth threshold; When the first device enters sleep mode is determined; The wireless transmission with the target device was terminated; Within the second time frame, the first device-to-second device signaling and / or the first device-to-second device response signaling sent by the first device are not received.

20. An electronic device in a wireless communication system, comprising: transceiver; as well as A controller, coupled to the transceiver and configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-11 or 12-19.

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