Active safety elevator

Abstract

An active safety elevator comprises a lift car, a counterweight and a traction main machine, the lift car moves in an elevator shaft in a lifting mode, the counterweight is located on one side of the lift car, lift car guide rails are arranged on the two sides of the lift car, counterweight guide rails are arranged on the two sides of the counterweight, a head end rope head fixing assembly and a tail end rope head fixing assembly are installed at the top of the shaft, and the traction main machine is located on the tail end rope head fixing assembly. The head end rope head fixing assembly is located above the counterweight, the tail end rope head fixing assembly is located above the lift car, the traction main machine is installed above the counterweight, and the traction main machine and the head end rope head fixing assembly are both located on the same side of the lift car. The head end rope head fixing assembly, the counterweight, the traction main machine, the lift car and the tail end rope head fixing assembly are sequentially connected through a traction rope. Buffering devices are arranged below the lift car and the counterweight, and each buffering device comprises an electromagnetic generation device and a hydraulic buffering device for double buffering protection, so that the safety performance of the elevator is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of elevator technology, and specifically relates to an active safety elevator. Background Technology

[0002] As a means of vertical transportation in high-rise buildings, elevators have undergone more than a century of development, and their safety protection has gradually improved. However, due to various reasons, elevator accidents of sudden drop still occur from time to time. Once a sudden drop occurs, it will cause great harm to passengers and may even endanger their lives.

[0003] Existing elevators typically have a buffer device installed at the bottom of the shaft. For example, Chinese patent application number 202211036631.X discloses a high-elasticity elevator damper and its usage method. This damper consists of a storage seat, a buffer block, a slot, a spring (first type), a spring rod, a second spring, a connecting plate, a plug rod (first type), and a connecting rod. When the elevator falls out of control, it first presses against the top plate of the damper. Then, under the impact force, the buffer block moves downwards within the storage slot, allowing the plug rod (first type) to insert into the plug hole (second type). Since the connecting rod remains inside the plug hole (first type), it provides a certain degree of restraint. This, in turn, causes the buffer block to compress the spring (first type) within the storage slot, and the spring rod to compress the second spring, thus improving the stability of the elevator damper during use. However, when this damper buffers an elevator fall, the elevator car needs to be pressed against the top plate of the damper to achieve buffering. The damper can only provide passive protection against the fall of the car, and the protection cannot be active and comprehensive. At the same time, when the elevator car comes into contact with the top plate of the damper, there is a collision between the two. When the elevator falls at a high speed, it can easily cause a large impact force, which can injure the passengers in the car.

[0004] In existing technology, elevator buffer devices are generally installed below the car to provide cushioning protection in the event of a car fall. However, when an elevator stalls and falls due to a broken steel cable, the car and counterweight often fall simultaneously. In this case, the impact of the falling counterweight often damages the car as well. Therefore, it is necessary to equip the car and counterweight with buffer devices adapted for active safety protection. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an active safety elevator.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: An active safety elevator includes a car, a counterweight, and a traction machine. The car moves up and down within an elevator shaft. The counterweight is located on one side of the car. Car guide rails are provided on both sides of the car, and counterweight guide rails are provided on both sides of the counterweight. A head rope fixing assembly and an end rope fixing assembly are installed at the top of the shaft. The head rope fixing assembly is located above the counterweight, and the end rope fixing assembly is located above the car. The traction machine is installed above the counterweight, and both the traction machine and the head rope fixing assembly are located on the same side of the car. The head rope fixing assembly, counterweight, traction machine, car, and end rope fixing assembly are sequentially connected by traction ropes. The bottom of the shaft is provided with a car buffer device to prevent the car from stalling and falling, and a device to prevent the counterweight from losing its position. The rapid descent counterweight buffer device includes a car buffer magnetic block and a counterweight buffer magnetic block at the bottom of the car and the bottom of the counterweight, respectively. The structure of the car buffer device is the same as that of the counterweight buffer device. The bottom of the hoistway is equipped with a partition plate to separate the electromagnetic fields of the car buffer device and the counterweight buffer device. The car buffer device includes an electromagnetic generator and two hydraulic buffer devices, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the electromagnetic generator. The height of the hydraulic buffer devices in the downward state is higher than the height of the electromagnetic generator. The height of the partition plate is greater than the maximum magnetic field height of the electromagnetic generator. The electromagnetic generator of the car buffer device is arranged opposite to the car buffer magnetic block, and the electromagnetic generator of the counterweight buffer device is arranged opposite to the counterweight buffer magnetic block.

[0007] In this invention, the electromagnetic generating device includes an iron core and a conductive wire wound around the outer periphery of the iron core; the conductive wire is made of high-temperature superconducting material, the outer side of the conductive wire is covered with an insulating layer, the interior of the conductive wire is provided with a cooling channel along its length, the outer sidewalls at both ends of the conductive wire are respectively connected to a power module through connecting wires, and the inner sidewalls at both ends of the conductive wire are connected to a liquid nitrogen tank through connecting pipes.

[0008] In this invention, the electromagnetic generating device further includes a base, a housing, and a support member. The housing is fixed on the base, the iron core and the conductive wire are disposed inside the housing, and the support member is fixed on the base and supported and connected to the outside of the housing.

[0009] In this invention, the top of the electromagnetic generator is provided with a detection device for detecting whether the electromagnetic generator is functioning properly.

[0010] In this invention, the detection device includes a transparent housing, a base plate, a movable wire, and a tension sensor. The bottom of the transparent housing has a mounting cavity for mounting the base plate, which is recessed upward from the bottom surface of the transparent housing. Inside the transparent housing, there is a movable cavity for the movable wire to move, which is recessed upward from the top surface of the mounting cavity. The movable wire is horizontally disposed in the movable cavity, with both ends extending downward. The base plate has two parallel movable slots that penetrate vertically through the base plate. Both ends of the movable wire pass through the two movable slots, extend from the bottom surface of the base plate, and connect to the battery module. The tension sensor is installed behind the movable cavity and has two elastic rods for sensing the magnitude of the tension. The elastic rods are insulated from the outside of the movable wire.

[0011] In this invention: a roller is connected to the outer side of the movable guide wire, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the roller along the central axis, through which the movable guide wire passes.

[0012] In this invention, the hydraulic buffer device includes a hydraulic cylinder, a piston rod, a flow valve, and a hydraulic pump. One end of the piston rod is adapted to the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end extends out of the hydraulic cylinder. Buffer solution is injected into the hydraulic cylinder. An upper valve port, a lower valve port, an upper pump port, and a lower pump port are provided on the outside of the hydraulic cylinder, communicating with the interior of the hydraulic cylinder. The upper valve port and the upper pump port are located at the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder, and the lower valve port and the lower pump port are located at the lower part of the hydraulic cylinder. The upper valve port and the lower valve port are respectively connected to the flow valve through pipes, and the upper pump port and the lower pump port are respectively connected to the hydraulic pump through pipes.

[0013] In this invention, the hydraulic buffer device further includes a contact switch, a connecting plate, a trigger rod, and a connecting support plate. The contact switch is fixed to the outside of the hydraulic cylinder body via the connecting plate. The connecting support plate is fixedly connected to the top of the piston push rod. The connecting support plate has an outwardly protruding extension plate. The top end of the trigger rod is fixedly connected to the extension plate, and the bottom end of the trigger rod extends downward. The connecting plate has a trigger hole through which the trigger rod can pass. The trigger end of the contact switch is located directly below the trigger hole. The contact switch is connected to the flow valve circuit.

[0014] In this invention, a sensing panel is provided on the side of the counterweight guide rail facing the car guide rail. An induction coil is provided in the sensing panel. The induction coil is connected to a storage battery through a circuit. The storage battery is connected to the elevator control system circuit.

[0015] In this invention, both the car and the counterweight are equipped with speed sensors for detecting their operating speed.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By installing buffer devices under both the car and the counterweight, and these buffer devices include both electromagnetic and hydraulic buffer devices for dual buffer protection, when the car falls, the electromagnetic generator of the car buffer device first activates to generate an electromagnetic field, which interacts with the car's buffer magnetic blocks to produce a repulsive force, thereby slowing down the car. As the car decelerates and descends, the bottom of the car contacts the two hydraulic buffer devices of the car buffer device, creating a double buffer until the car stops. Similarly, when the counterweight falls, the counterweight buffer device first activates to generate an electromagnetic field, first using electromagnetic force for non-contact buffering, and then using the hydraulic buffer device for contact buffering, thus achieving dual buffer protection. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the active safety elevator in this embodiment; Figure 2 This is a front view of the active safety elevator in this embodiment; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the electromagnetic generating device in this embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the electromagnetic generator in this embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the detection device in this embodiment; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the transparent shell in this embodiment; Figure 7 This is a top perspective view of the detection device in this embodiment; Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the hydraulic buffer device in this embodiment; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hydraulic buffer device in this embodiment; Figure 10 This is a front view of the hydraulic buffer device in this embodiment; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor panel in this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 11As shown, this embodiment discloses an active safety elevator, including a car 1, a counterweight 2, and a traction machine 3. The car 1 moves up and down within the elevator shaft. The counterweight 2 is located on one side of the car 1. Car guide rails 4 are provided on both sides of the car 1, and counterweight guide rails 12 are provided on both sides of the counterweight 2. A first-end rope fixing assembly 5 and an end-end rope fixing assembly 6 are installed at the top of the shaft. The first-end rope fixing assembly 5 is located above the counterweight 2, and the end-end rope fixing assembly 6 is located above the car 1. The traction machine 3 is installed above the counterweight 2. The traction machine 3 and the first-end rope fixing assembly 5 are both located on the same side of the car 1. The first-end rope fixing assembly 5, the counterweight 2, the traction machine 3, the car 1, and the end-end rope fixing assembly 6 are connected sequentially by traction ropes. The bottom of the shaft is provided with a car buffer device 7 to prevent the car 1 from stalling and falling, and a device to prevent the counterweight 2 from stalling and falling. The car buffer device 7 has the same structure as the counterweight buffer device 8. The bottom of the car 1 and the bottom of the counterweight 2 are respectively equipped with car buffer magnetic blocks 9 and 10. A partition plate 11 is provided at the bottom of the hoistway to separate the electromagnetic fields of the car buffer device 7 and the counterweight buffer device 8. The car buffer device 7 includes an electromagnetic generator 71 and two hydraulic buffer devices 72, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the electromagnetic generator 71. The height of the hydraulic buffer devices 72 in the depressed state is higher than the height of the electromagnetic generator 71. The height of the partition plate 11 is greater than the maximum magnetic field height of the electromagnetic generator 71, thereby separating the electromagnetic field of the car buffer device 7 from that of the counterweight buffer device 8, avoiding mutual interference, and also preventing damage to the other car 1 or counterweight 2 if one falls. The electromagnetic generator 71 of the car buffer device 7 is arranged opposite to the car buffer magnetic block 9, and the electromagnetic generator 71 of the counterweight buffer device 8 is arranged opposite to the counterweight buffer magnetic block 10. When the car 1 falls, the electromagnetic generator 71 of the car buffer device 7 is activated first to generate an electromagnetic field, which interacts with the car buffer magnetic block 9 to generate a repulsive force, thereby decelerating the car 1. As the car 1 decelerates and descends, the bottom of the car 1 comes into contact with the two hydraulic buffer devices 72 of the car buffer device 7, forming a double buffer for the car 1 until it stops. Similarly, when the counterweight 2 falls, the counterweight buffer device 8 is activated first to generate an electromagnetic field, first providing non-contact buffering through electromagnetic force, and then providing contact buffering through the hydraulic buffer device 72, thus achieving double buffer protection.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the electromagnetic generator 71 includes an iron core 711 and a conductive wire 712 wound around the outer periphery of the iron core 711, thereby forming an electromagnet. When the electromagnetic generator 71 is working, it needs to generate a strong electromagnetic field. Therefore, the current flowing through the conductive wire 712 is large, resulting in significant heat generation and affecting the strength and stability of the electromagnetic field. Therefore, a conductive wire 712 with stable current and low power loss is required. In this embodiment, the conductive wire 712 is made of high-temperature superconducting material. The outer side of the conductive wire 712 is covered with an insulating layer 713, and a cooling channel 714 is provided along its length inside the conductive wire 712. The outer walls at both ends of the conductive wire 712 are connected to a power module via connecting wires, and the inner walls at both ends of the conductive wire 712 are connected to a liquid nitrogen tank via connecting pipes. When the electromagnetic generator 71 is working, the power module supplies power to the conductive wire 712, causing the conductive wire 712 to generate current, thereby generating an electromagnetic field. Meanwhile, the liquid nitrogen tank introduces liquid nitrogen into the cooling channel 714 to keep the conductive wire 712 at a low temperature, thus keeping the conductive wire in a superconducting state. This ensures that the electromagnetic field generated by the electromagnetic generator 71 is accurate and stable, guaranteeing the safety performance of the elevator.

[0021] Furthermore, the electromagnetic generator 71 also includes a base 715, a housing 716, and a support 717. The housing 716 is fixed to the base 715, and the iron core 711 and conductive wire 712 are disposed inside the housing 716. The support 717 is fixed to the base 715 and supports the outer side of the housing 716. Since the electromagnetic generator 71 is subjected to a large buffering force during operation, the combined action of the base 715 and the support 717 can support the electromagnetic generator 71 in an upright installation state, preventing it from tipping over.

[0022] Furthermore, the top of the electromagnetic generator 71 is provided with a detection device 718 for detecting whether the electromagnetic generator 71 is functioning properly. Since the electromagnetic generator 71 only activates when the elevator experiences a fall, its usage frequency is very low. To ensure the normal functioning of the electromagnetic generator 71 during a fall, elevator maintenance personnel need to perform regular inspections. This embodiment provides a detection scheme to facilitate inspection of the electromagnetic generator 71 by maintenance personnel. The detection device 718 includes a transparent housing 7181, a base plate 7182, a moving wire 7183, and a tension sensor 7184. The bottom of the transparent housing 7181 has a mounting cavity 7185 for mounting the base plate 7182. The mounting cavity 7185 is recessed upwards from the bottom surface of the transparent housing 7181. Inside the transparent housing 7181 is a moving cavity 7186 for the moving wire 7183 to move. The moving cavity 7186 is recessed upwards from the top surface of the mounting cavity 7185. The moving wire 7183... The moving wire 7183 is horizontally positioned within the moving cavity 7186, with both ends extending downwards. Two parallel moving slots 7187 are provided on the base plate 7182, penetrating vertically through it. Both ends of the moving wire 7183 pass through the two moving slots 7187, extending from the bottom surface of the base plate 7182 and connecting to the battery module. A tension sensor 7184 is installed behind the moving cavity 7186 and includes two elastic rods 7188 for sensing the magnitude of the tension. These elastic rods 7188 are insulated from the outside of the moving wire 7183. When testing the electromagnetic generator 71, it is only necessary to activate the electromagnetic generator 71 to generate an electromagnetic field, simultaneously energizing the battery module and thus the moving wire 7183. If the electromagnetic generator 71 functions normally, the moving conductor 7183 will move within the moving cavity 7186 under the influence of Ampere's force in the electromagnetic field. The moving conductor 7183 pulls the elastic rod 7188, causing the force sensor 7184 to generate an electrical signal. The force sensor 7184 then sends an electrical signal to the elevator control system, thus indicating that the electromagnetic generator 71 is working normally. If the electromagnetic generator 71 malfunctions, the moving conductor 7183 will not move, and the force sensor 7184 will not send an electrical signal to the elevator control system, thus indicating that the electromagnetic generator 71 is not working normally. This embodiment also includes a transparent housing 7181, allowing maintenance personnel to visually inspect whether the moving conductor 7183 is moving to determine if the electromagnetic generator 71 is functioning correctly. The detection device 718 simplifies and facilitates the testing of the electromagnetic generator 71.In addition, to make the moving wire 7183 move more smoothly in the moving cavity 7186, a roller 7189 is connected to the outside of the moving wire 7183. The roller 7189 has a through hole along the central axis in the middle. The moving wire 7183 passes through the through hole. When the moving wire 7183 is subjected to Ampere force, it moves in the moving cavity 7186 under the rolling action of the roller 7189. By setting the roller 7189, the resistance of the moving wire 7183 in the moving cavity 7186 can be reduced, making the tension signal fed back to the tension sensor 7184 by the moving wire 7183 more accurate. The signal value of the tension sensor 7184 can be used to determine the magnitude of the Ampere force of the moving wire 7183. Combined with the current of the moving wire 7183, the electromagnetic field strength of the electromagnetic generator 71 can be inferred.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic buffer device 72 includes a hydraulic cylinder 721, a piston rod 722, a flow valve 723, and a hydraulic pump 724. One end of the piston rod 722 is adapted to the hydraulic cylinder 721, and the other end extends out of the hydraulic cylinder 721. Buffer solution is injected into the hydraulic cylinder 721. An upper valve port 725, a lower valve port 726, an upper pump port 727, and a lower pump port 728 communicating with the interior of the hydraulic cylinder 721 are provided on the outside of the hydraulic cylinder 721. The upper valve port 725 and the upper pump port 727 are located at the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder 721, and the lower valve port 726 and the lower pump port 728 are located at the lower part of the hydraulic cylinder 721. The upper valve port 725 and the lower valve port 726 are respectively connected to the flow valve 723 through pipes, and the upper pump port 727 and the lower pump port 728 are respectively connected to the hydraulic pump 724 through pipes. Under normal conditions, the hydraulic buffer device 72 is in the raised state, the hydraulic pump 724 is off, and the flow valve 723 is open at the set flow rate for buffering resistance. When the car 1 descends and contacts the hydraulic buffer device 72, the piston rod 722 is subjected to downward pressure, pushing the buffer solution to flow through the flow valve 723. The car 1 descends slowly with the piston rod 722, thus achieving a buffering effect until the hydraulic buffer device 72 descends to the depressed state. When the hydraulic buffer device 72 needs to return from the depressed state to the raised state, the flow valve 723 closes, the hydraulic pump 724 starts, and the buffer solution in the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder 721 flows back to the lower part of the hydraulic cylinder 721 through the hydraulic pump 724, thereby causing the piston rod 722 to rise.

[0024] Furthermore, the hydraulic buffer device 72 also includes a contact switch 729, a connecting plate 730, a trigger rod 731, and a connecting support plate 732. The contact switch 729 is fixed to the outside of the hydraulic cylinder body 721 via the connecting plate 730. The connecting support plate 732 is fixedly connected to the top of the piston push rod 722. The connecting support plate 732 has an outwardly protruding extension plate 733. The top end of the trigger rod 731 is fixedly connected to the extension plate 733, and the bottom end of the trigger rod 731 extends downward. The connecting plate 730 has a trigger hole 734 through which the trigger rod 731 can pass. The trigger end of the contact switch 729 is located directly below the trigger hole 734. The contact switch 729 is electrically connected to the flow valve 723. When the car 1 descends and contacts the hydraulic buffer device 72, the piston rod 722 descends under downward pressure, compressing the buffer solution. The connecting support plate 732 and the trigger rod 731 then press down, and the trigger rod 731 contacts the trigger end of the contact switch 729. The contact switch 729 controls the flow valve 723 to open, allowing the buffer solution at the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 721 to flow through the flow valve 723 to the top of the hydraulic cylinder 721. The piston rod 722 descends slowly, thus enabling the hydraulic buffer device 72 to start automatically. Simultaneously, the flow valve 723 should be kept closed under normal conditions; it does not need to be opened prematurely to prevent the piston rod 722 from shifting downwards during long-term placement, affecting the buffering height of the hydraulic buffer device 72.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the counterweight guide rail 12 has a sensing panel 13 on the side facing the car guide rail 4. The sensing panel 13 contains an induction coil 14, which is connected to a battery via a circuit. The battery is connected to the elevator control system circuit. Since the bottom of the car 1 has a car buffer magnetic block 9 and the bottom of the counterweight 2 has a counterweight buffer magnetic block 10, when the elevator is running, both the car 1 and the counterweight 2 move up and down, creating a magnetic field between them. As the car 1 and the counterweight 2 move up and down, the magnetic field at the location of the sensing panel 13 changes. At this time, the induction coil 14 generates an induced current, which is stored in the battery to achieve energy recovery.

[0026] Specifically, the counterweight method of traditional elevators generally follows the principle that the weight of counterweight 2 is equal to the net weight of the car 1 itself. The sum of the elevator's rated load capacity is the sum of the loads inside the car. Therefore, during the stall and descent of car 1, car 1 may accelerate or decelerate. When the load inside car 1 exceeds the rated load capacity... When the car 1 stalls and falls, the resultant force is downward, and the car 1 accelerates downward; when the load inside the car 1 is less than the rated load capacity... When the car 1 experiences a stall and falls, the resultant force is upward, causing the car 1 to decelerate. Stalling and falling are very common in traditional elevators, making analysis complex. In this embodiment, the counterweight 2's weight is equal to the net weight of the car 1 itself. Therefore, when the car 1 experiences a stall and falls, after the traction engine 3 stops working, the car 1 often accelerates during the stall and fall. This counterweight method greatly reduces the analysis and prevention of stalling and falling situations. Furthermore, due to the power intervention of the traction engine 3, the energy consumption during elevator operation is comparable to that of traditional elevators.

[0027] When the car 1 stalls and falls, the interaction between the car buffer device 7 and the car buffer magnetic block 9 can gradually buffer and decelerate the falling car 1. Moreover, the car buffer device 7 and the car buffer magnetic block 9 can implement buffer deceleration without contact, which can protect the safety of the people inside the car 1 to a large extent and avoid the collision between the buffer device and the car 1 when the car 1 is in rigid contact during high-speed falling, which would cause secondary injury to the people inside the car 1.

[0028] In this embodiment, both the car 1 and the counterweight 2 are equipped with speed sensors to detect their operating speed. The speed sensors are electrically connected to the elevator control system, transmitting the detected speed information to the elevator control system, which then controls the operation of each buffer device. When the car 1 is descending, if the speed sensor detects that the descending speed of the car 1 exceeds the preset operating speed, the elevator control system controls the speed governor to operate, causing the elevator to decelerate. If the elevator can reduce the descending speed of the car 1 to the preset operating speed at this time, the elevator operates normally. If the speed governor does not operate within 0.5 seconds of the elevator control system sending the signal, or if it operates but still cannot reduce the descending speed of the car 1 to the preset operating speed, the elevator control system sends an electrical signal to the car buffer device 7, energizing the car buffer device 7. The two generate a magnetic force, causing the elevator to decelerate and buffer. Due to the limitation of the force distance between the car buffer device 7 and the car buffer magnetic block 9, in practical applications, the force between the car buffer device 7 and the car buffer magnetic block 9 is generally considered. The effective distance for signal transmission by the elevator control system is set by the distance. When the car 1 is outside the effective distance, the elevator control system will not send a working signal to the car buffer device 7 to avoid the car buffer device 7 starting and not achieving the actual deceleration and buffering effect. When the car 1 is within the effective distance, the elevator control system sends a working signal to the car buffer device 7, and the traction host 3 stops working. Therefore, the resultant force on the elevator car 1 is F = (m1 - m2)g, where m1 is the total weight of the car 1, m2 is the weight of the counterweight 2, and g is the acceleration due to gravity. When the car buffer device 7 is working, the repulsive force between the two is equal to the resultant force F on the elevator car 1 before the car buffer device 7 is activated. Therefore, the elevator control system uses the empirical formula method. To control the operating current I1 of the car buffer device 7, where Permeability in vacuum N is the number of coil turns, and I1 is the operating current. 1 represents the distance between the car buffer device 7 and the car buffer magnetic block 9, and S represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the magnetic circuit. This ensures that at the instant the car buffer device 7 is activated, the net force on the elevator car 1 is zero, and the elevator car 1 no longer accelerates downwards. As the elevator continues to descend, the distance between the car buffer device 7 and the car buffer magnetic block 9 decreases. The operating current of the car buffer device 7 remains constant, and the repulsive force generated by the two gradually increases. The net force on the car 1 is upwards and gradually increases in magnitude, causing the car 1 to gradually decelerate until its speed decreases to a certain level, such as 0.1 m / s. At this point, the elevator control system again utilizes the empirical formula method. Calculations show that the operating current I2 of the car buffer device 7 at this time changes synchronously with the distance between the car buffer device 7 and the car buffer magnetic block 9, causing the car 1 to move at a constant speed during this process. The elevator control system uses the formula... The operating current I of the car buffer device 7 during this process is determined based on the distance between the car buffer device 7 and the car buffer magnetic block 9. The change in speed continues until the elevator car 1 descends and contacts the hydraulic buffer device 72. The process of the elevator car 1's speed decreasing from a certain speed to 0 and stopping is buffered by the hydraulic buffer device 72, so that the deceleration and buffering effect of the elevator car 1 during the buffering process is reliable and smooth. This can effectively reduce the sense of shock for passengers inside the elevator car 1, reduce the fear of passengers during the elevator's sudden drop, and thus avoid serious psychological reactions for passengers.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Any technical solution that achieves the purpose of the present invention by essentially the same means is within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active safety elevator, characterized by: The elevator includes a car (1), a counterweight (2) and a traction main machine (3), the car (1) moves up and down in the elevator shaft, the counterweight (2) is located on one side of the car (1), both sides of the car (1) are provided with car guide rails (4), both sides of the counterweight (2) are provided with counterweight guide rails (12), the top of the shaft is provided with a first end rope head fixing assembly (5) and a last end rope head fixing assembly (6), the first end rope head fixing assembly (5) is located above the counterweight (2), the last end rope head fixing assembly (6) is located above the car (1), the traction main machine (3) is installed above the counterweight (2), the traction main machine (3) and the first end rope head fixing assembly (5) are located on the same side of the car (1), the first end rope head fixing assembly (5), the counterweight (2), the traction main machine (3), the car (1) and the last end rope head fixing assembly (6) are connected in sequence by the traction rope; the bottom of the shaft is provided with a car buffer device (7) for preventing the car (1) from falling at a speed and a counterweight buffer device (8) for preventing the counterweight (2) from falling at a speed, the bottom of the car (1) and the bottom of the counterweight (2) are respectively provided with a car buffer magnetic block (9) and a counterweight buffer magnetic block (10), the structure of the car buffer device (7) is the same as that of the counterweight buffer device (8); the bottom of the shaft is provided with a partition plate (11) for separating the electromagnetic field of the car buffer device (7) and the counterweight buffer device (8), the car buffer device (7) includes an electromagnetic generating device (71) and two hydraulic buffer devices (72), the two hydraulic buffer devices (72) are respectively arranged on both sides of the electromagnetic generating device (71), the height of the hydraulic buffer device (72) in the depressed state is higher than the height of the electromagnetic generating device (71), and the height of the partition plate (11) is greater than the maximum magnetic field action height of the electromagnetic generating device (71); the electromagnetic generating device (71) of the car buffer device (7) is arranged opposite to the car buffer magnetic block (9), and the electromagnetic generating device (71) of the counterweight buffer device (8) is arranged opposite to the counterweight buffer magnetic block (10).

2. The active safety elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic generating device (71) includes an iron core (711) and a conductive wire (712) wound on the outer periphery of the iron core (711); the conductive wire (712) is made of high-temperature superconducting material, the outer side of the conductive wire (712) is covered with an insulating layer (713), and the inside of the conductive wire (712) is provided with a cooling channel (714) in the length direction; the outer side walls of both ends of the conductive wire (712) are connected to a power supply module through an electric connection wire, and the inner side walls of both ends of the conductive wire (712) are connected to a liquid nitrogen tank through a connecting pipe.

3. The active safety elevator of claim 2, wherein: The electromagnetic generating device (71) further includes a base (715), an outer shell (716) and a support (717), the outer shell (716) is fixed on the base (715), the iron core (711) and the conductive wire (712) are arranged in the outer shell (716), and the support (717) is fixed on the base (715) and supports the outer side of the outer shell (716).

4. The active safety elevator of claim 1, wherein: The top of the electromagnetic generating device (71) is provided with a detection device (718) for detecting whether the electromagnetic generating device (71) is functioning normally.

5. An active safety elevator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The detection device (718) comprises a transparent shell (7181), a bottom plate (7182), a moving wire (7183) and a tension sensor (7184), the bottom of the transparent shell (7181) is provided with a mounting cavity (7185) for mounting the bottom plate (7182), the mounting cavity (7185) is recessed upward from the bottom surface of the transparent shell (7181), the inside of the transparent shell (7181) is provided with a moving cavity (7186) for the movement of the moving wire (7183), the moving cavity (7186) is recessed upward from the top surface of the mounting cavity (7185), the moving wire (7183) is transversely arranged in the moving cavity (7186), both ends of the moving wire (7183) extend downward, the bottom plate (7182) is provided with two parallel moving grooves (7187) that penetrate the bottom plate (7182) from top to bottom, both ends of the moving wire (7183) respectively pass through the two moving grooves (7187) and extend out from the bottom surface of the bottom plate (7182) and are connected to the battery module, the tension sensor (7184) is mounted at the rear of the moving cavity (7186), the tension sensor (7184) is provided with two elastic pull rods (7188) for sensing the tension, and the elastic pull rods (7188) are insulatedly connected to the outer side of the moving wire (7183).

6. An active safety elevator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer side of the moving wire (7183) is connected with a roller (7189), the middle part of the roller (7189) is provided with a through hole along the central axis, and the moving wire (7183) passes through the through hole.

7. The active safety elevator of claim 1, wherein: The hydraulic buffer device (72) comprises a hydraulic cylinder body (721), a piston push rod (722), a flow valve (723) and a hydraulic pump (724), one end of the piston push rod (722) is adapted to the hydraulic cylinder body (721), the other end of the piston push rod (722) extends out of the hydraulic cylinder body (721), the hydraulic cylinder body (721) is filled with a buffer liquid, the outer side of the hydraulic cylinder body (721) is provided with an upper valve interface (725), a lower valve interface (726), an upper pump interface (727) and a lower pump interface (728) that communicate with the inside of the hydraulic cylinder body (721), the upper valve interface (725) and the upper pump interface (727) are arranged at the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder body (721), the lower valve interface (726) and the lower pump interface (728) are arranged at the lower part of the hydraulic cylinder body (721), the upper valve interface (725) and the lower valve interface (726) are respectively connected to the flow valve (723) through pipelines, and the upper pump interface (727) and the lower pump interface (728) are respectively connected to the hydraulic pump (724) through pipelines.

8. The active safety elevator of claim 7, wherein: The hydraulic buffer device (72) further comprises a contact switch (729), a connecting plate (730), a trigger rod (731) and a connecting branch plate (732), the contact switch (729) is fixed outside the hydraulic cylinder body (721) through the connecting plate (730), the connecting branch plate (732) is fixedly connected to the top of the piston push rod (722), the connecting branch plate (732) is provided with an outwardly protruding extension plate (733), the top end of the trigger rod (731) is fixedly connected with the extension plate (733), the bottom end of the trigger rod (731) extends downward, the connecting plate (730) is provided with a trigger hole (734) through which the trigger rod (731) passes, the trigger end of the contact switch (729) is located directly below the trigger hole (734), and the contact switch (729) is electrically connected with the flow valve (723).

9. The active safety elevator of claim 1, wherein: The side of the counterweight guide rail (12) facing the car guide rail (4) is provided with an induction panel (13), the induction panel (13) is provided with an induction coil (14) therein, the induction coil (14) is connected with a battery through a circuit, and the battery is connected with an elevator control system through a circuit.

10. The active safety elevator of claim 1, wherein: The car (1) and the counterweight (2) are both provided with a speed sensor for detecting the running speed thereof.

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