5G indoor high-precision positioning method in metal environment

Abstract

The invention discloses a 5G indoor high-precision positioning method in a metal environment, and the method comprises the steps: dividing a positioning service region in a ship into a plurality of point locations, traversing ship cabins and channels through user equipment, and collecting the uplink and downlink signal fingerprint information of a service cell where each point location is located and a plurality of adjacent cells; uplink fingerprint positioning: sending a sounding reference signal and a demodulation reference signal for uplink channel estimation to a serving cell and a neighbor cell base station, uploading the collected data to a cloud by the base station, and calculating the position information of the user equipment by a cloud positioning algorithm through a weighted average method; and downlink fingerprint positioning: carrying out data acquisition on downlink positioning reference signals, broadcast signals and demodulation reference signals of the service cell and the adjacent cell, uploading the data to a cloud end for processing, and calculating position information of the user equipment through a weighted average method by a cloud end positioning algorithm based on the received fingerprint information. The method has the advantages of high positioning precision, low deployment cost, high positioning stability and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of information technology for ship systems, and in particular to a 5G indoor high-precision positioning method in a metallic environment. Background Technology

[0002] In the complex spatial environments of large ships, such as cabins, passageways, bridges, and living quarters, signal refraction and reflection are severe, leading to large wireless positioning errors and poor reliability. Furthermore, the complex and varied layout of shipboard interiors, with numerous obstacles including equipment, rooms, and pedestrians, along with numerous sources of interference such as lighting, temperature, and sound, all negatively impact positioning accuracy. Currently, numerous indoor positioning technologies exist, each with its own limitations and exhibiting some degree of competition, resulting in a relatively chaotic market and significantly hindering the development of the indoor positioning industry. Current high-precision indoor positioning technologies all require expensive auxiliary equipment or substantial manual processing upfront, greatly restricting their widespread adoption. Low-cost positioning technologies, however, require improvements in positioning accuracy.

[0003] When comparing indoor positioning technologies for ships, it is necessary to comprehensively evaluate factors such as accuracy, positioning cost, integration level, and portability. Current mainstream indoor positioning technologies include satellite, WiFi, UWB, Bluetooth, RFID, and ZigBee. However, satellite positioning technology cannot be applied to indoor ship positioning due to signal obstruction; WiFi, UWB, and Bluetooth technologies all require separate deployment of corresponding positioning equipment, resulting in high positioning costs; RFID and ZigBee suffer from short operating range and poor positioning stability. In short, none of the above positioning technologies can meet the requirements for indoor ship positioning. Currently, 5G positioning technology has low positioning accuracy in indoor ship scenarios due to factors such as signal reception path and strength. Research is needed on precise wireless signal positioning technology based on deployed in-ship 5G communication systems to achieve accurate, real-time positioning and tracking of personnel, unmanned systems, and even materials.

[0004] Therefore, in the complex spatial environment of large ships such as cabins, passageways, driving areas, and living areas, signal refraction and reflection are severe, resulting in large wireless positioning errors and poor reliability. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can perform high-precision indoor positioning in such complex metallic environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a 5G indoor high-precision positioning method in a metal environment, which addresses the deficiencies in the existing technology.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: This invention provides a 5G indoor high-precision positioning method in a metallic environment, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Multi-cell signal "fingerprint" information collection: Divide the positioning service area inside the ship into several points, and collect the uplink and downlink signal "fingerprint" information of the service cell and multiple neighboring cells of each point through the user equipment traversing the ship's cabins and passages, including uplink detection reference signal and demodulation reference signal, as well as downlink positioning reference signal, broadcast signal and demodulation reference signal; Step 2, Uplink signal fingerprint positioning: When fingerprint positioning is performed using uplink signals, the user equipment receives positioning instructions from the cloud and sends detection reference signals and demodulation reference signals for uplink channel estimation to the serving cell and neighboring cell base stations. The base stations upload the collected data to the cloud for processing, and the cloud positioning algorithm calculates the location information of the user equipment using a weighted average method. Step 3, Downlink Signal Fingerprint Positioning: When using downlink signals for fingerprint positioning, the user equipment receives positioning instructions from the cloud, collects downlink positioning reference signals, broadcast signals, and demodulation reference signals of the serving cell and neighboring cells, and uploads them to the cloud for processing. Based on the received fingerprint information, the cloud positioning algorithm calculates the location information of the user equipment using a weighted average method.

[0007] Furthermore, in step 1 of the present invention, the positioning service area is set according to the functional zoning of the ship's internal metal environment, including: ship cabins and passageways.

[0008] Furthermore, in step 1 of the present invention, the positioning accuracy is set by setting the range of each point, including: to achieve sub-meter level positioning, the range of each point does not exceed 1 meter.

[0009] Furthermore, the specific method for collecting the uplink and downlink signal "fingerprint" information of each location's serving cell and multiple neighboring cells in step 1 of this invention is as follows: Step 1a: Traverse each location, and the base station side records the uplink probe reference signal and demodulation reference signal received power values ​​reported by the terminal to the serving cell and neighboring cells at each location, and records the downlink positioning reference signal, broadcast signal and demodulation reference signal received power values ​​at each location through drive test software. Step 1b: For each location, establish a mapping table for the received power values ​​of the uplink and downlink reference signals and the coordinate values ​​of the terminal location, and store the mapping table in the cloud positioning server.

[0010] Furthermore, the method in step 2 of the present invention specifically includes: Step 2a: The user equipment receives a positioning instruction from the cloud server and sends a sounding reference signal and a demodulation reference signal for uplink channel estimation; Step 2b: Measure the reference signal received power of the serving cell and neighboring cell base stations and report the power values ​​to the cloud positioning server; Step 2c: For the power value of the reference signal of each cell, the positioning server selects the closest item in the mapping table as the index to find the corresponding point coordinate value. Step 2d: Calculate the terminal location coordinates by weighting the coordinates of multiple queried cells. The weight of each cell is configurable and the weights are added together to equal 1. The serving cell has the largest weight.

[0011] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the terminal position coordinates of the present invention is as follows: Xn = α*X1 + β*X2; Yn = α*Y1 + β*Y2; Where α and β are the coordinate weights of the serving cell and neighboring cells, (X1,Y1) is the coordinate value of the serving cell, (X2,Y2) is the coordinate value of the neighboring cell, and (Xn,Yn) is the coordinate value of the terminal location.

[0012] Furthermore, the method in step 3 of the present invention specifically includes: Step 3a: The user equipment receives the positioning command from the cloud server and measures the received power of the downlink positioning reference signal, broadcast signal and demodulation reference signal of the serving cell and neighboring cells; Step 3b: The terminal reports the measured values ​​of the reference signal received power of the serving cell and neighboring cells to the cloud positioning server; Step 3c: For the power value of the reference signal of each cell, the positioning server selects the closest item in the mapping table as the index to find the corresponding point coordinate value. Step 3d: Calculate the terminal location coordinates by weighting the coordinates of multiple queried cells. The weight of each cell can be configured so that the weight of the serving cell is maximized.

[0013] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the terminal position coordinates of the present invention is as follows: Xn = α*X1 + β*X2; Yn = α*Y1 + β*Y2; Where α and β are the coordinate weights of the serving cell and neighboring cells, (X1,Y1) is the coordinate value of the serving cell, (X2,Y2) is the coordinate value of the neighboring cell, and (Xn,Yn) is the coordinate value of the terminal location.

[0014] This invention provides a 5G indoor high-precision positioning system for metallic environments, comprising: Memory, used to store executable computer programs; The processor, when executing an executable computer program stored in memory, implements the aforementioned 5G indoor high-precision positioning method in a metallic environment.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The method of this invention achieves precise, real-time positioning and tracking of personnel, unmanned systems, and even materials by upgrading the software of existing shipboard 5G networks and terminals without adding any hardware. Utilizing the strong signal refraction and reflection characteristics caused by the all-metal structure of ships, a weighted superposition method using multiple cell fingerprint information can improve 5G positioning accuracy to sub-meter level and effectively enhance positioning stability.

[0016] The ship indoor 5G positioning technology implemented by this invention can make full use of existing network facilities, and a single base station can be used for positioning. Compared with other wireless positioning technologies, it has advantages such as high positioning accuracy, low deployment cost, and strong positioning stability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of uplink signal fingerprint positioning according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of downlink signal fingerprint positioning according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a mapping table of uplink and downlink reference signal received power and location coordinates in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a specific implementation process of fingerprint-based 5G high-precision positioning in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0022] Example 1 This invention utilizes the strong refraction and reflection of signals in the all-metal environment of ships, which allows the terminal to receive downlink reference signals from multiple cells (including serving cells and neighboring cells) at the same location. Similarly, the uplink signal transmitted by the terminal can be received by multiple cells. It employs a wireless signal precision positioning technology based on the "fingerprint" information of uplink and downlink multi-cell signals to achieve precise, real-time positioning and tracking of personnel, unmanned systems, and even materials.

[0023] (1) Collection of multi-cell signal "fingerprint" information: The scheme takes advantage of the strong ability of the all-metal cabins and passage walls of ships to refract and reflect wireless signals. Through the user equipment, the uplink and downlink signal "fingerprint" information of each point in the serving cell and multiple neighboring cells is collected. This includes uplink sounding reference signal (SRS) and demodulation reference signal (DMRS), downlink positioning reference signal (DL-PRS), broadcast signal (SSB) and demodulation reference signal (DMRS), etc.

[0024] (2) Uplink signal fingerprint positioning technology: When using uplink signals for fingerprint positioning, the User Equipment (UE) receives positioning instructions from the cloud and sends Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) and Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) for uplink channel estimation to the serving cell and neighboring cell base stations (gNB). The base station uploads the collected data to the cloud for processing, and the cloud positioning algorithm calculates the UE's location information using a weighted average method, such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0025] (3) Downlink signal fingerprint positioning technology: When using downlink signals for fingerprint positioning, the User Equipment (UE) receives positioning instructions from the cloud, collects data from downlink positioning reference signals (DL-PRS), synchronization signaling blocks (SSBs), and demodulation reference signals (DMRS) of the 5G serving cell and neighboring cells, and uploads them to the cloud for processing. Based on the received fingerprint information, the cloud positioning algorithm calculates the UE's location information using a weighted average method, such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0026] Example 2 The specific implementation process of this invention is divided into multi-cell signal "fingerprint" information collection, uplink signal fingerprint positioning, and downlink signal fingerprint positioning, as detailed in the following sections. Figure 4 .

[0027] (1) Collection of signal "fingerprint" information from multiple cells (a) Divide the positioning service area, such as ship cabins and passageways, into several points. The range of each point is the positioning accuracy. If sub-meter level positioning is required, the range of each point should not exceed 1 meter. Traverse each point, and the base station records the received power values ​​of the uplink sounding reference signal (SRS) and demodulation reference signal (DMRS) reported by the terminal to the serving cell and neighboring cells at each point. The downlink positioning reference signal (DL-PRS), the synchronization signaling block (SSB), and the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) received power values ​​at each point are also recorded using drive test software. (b) For each location, establish a mapping table for the received power values ​​of the uplink and downlink reference signals and the coordinate values ​​of the terminal location, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the mapping table is stored on the cloud location server.

[0028] (2) Uplink signal fingerprint positioning (a) The terminal receives a positioning instruction from the cloud server and sends a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) and a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) for uplink channel estimation. (b) The serving cell and neighboring cell base stations measure the reference signal received power and report the power value to the cloud positioning server; (c) For each cell reference signal (SRS or DMRS configurable), the positioning server selects the closest item in the mapping table as the index to find the corresponding point coordinate value. (d) The terminal location coordinates are obtained by weighting the coordinates of multiple retrieved cells. The weight of each cell is configurable, and the weights are summed to 1. Generally, the serving cell has the largest weight. Taking the serving cell and one neighboring cell as an example, the formula for calculating the terminal location coordinates (Xn, Yn) is as follows: Xn = α*X1 + β*X2; Yn = α*Y1 + β*Y2; Where α and β are the coordinate weights of the serving cell and the neighboring cell, (X1,Y1) is the coordinate value of the serving cell, and (X2,Y2) is the coordinate value of the neighboring cell.

[0029] (3) Downlink signal fingerprint positioning (a) The terminal receives a positioning instruction from the cloud server and measures the received power of the downlink positioning reference signal (DL-PRS), the synchronization signaling block (SSB), and the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of the 5G serving cell and neighboring cells; (b) The terminal reports the reference signal received power measurements of the serving cell and neighboring cells to the cloud positioning server; (c) For each cell reference signal (DL-PRS, SSB and DL-DMRS are configurable), the positioning server selects the closest item in the mapping table as the index to find the corresponding point coordinate value. (d) The terminal location coordinates are obtained by weighting the coordinates of multiple retrieved cells. The weight of each cell is configurable, generally with the serving cell having the largest weight. Taking the serving cell and one neighboring cell as an example, the formula for calculating the terminal location coordinates (Xn, Yn) is as follows: Xn = α*X1 + β*X2; Yn = α*Y1 + β*Y2; Where α and β are the coordinate weights of the serving cell and the neighboring cell, (X1,Y1) is the coordinate value of the serving cell, and (X2,Y2) is the coordinate value of the neighboring cell.

[0030] This method, without adding any hardware, upgrades the software of existing shipboard 5G networks and terminals to achieve precise, real-time positioning and tracking of personnel, unmanned systems, and even materials. Utilizing the strong signal refraction and reflection characteristics of the ship's all-metal structure, a weighted superposition method using multiple cell fingerprint information can improve 5G positioning accuracy to sub-meter level and effectively enhance positioning stability.

[0031] The 5G indoor positioning technology for ships implemented through this solution can make full use of existing network facilities, and a single base station can be used for positioning. Compared with other wireless positioning technologies, it has advantages such as high positioning accuracy, low deployment cost, and strong positioning stability, as shown in Table 1.

[0032] Table 1 Comparison of Wireless Positioning Technologies

[0033] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0034] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A 5G indoor high-precision positioning method in a metallic environment, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Multi-cell signal "fingerprint" information collection: Divide the positioning service area inside the ship into several points, and collect the uplink and downlink signal "fingerprint" information of the service cell and multiple neighboring cells of each point through the user equipment traversing the ship's cabins and passages, including uplink detection reference signal and demodulation reference signal, as well as downlink positioning reference signal, broadcast signal and demodulation reference signal; Step 2, Uplink signal fingerprint positioning: When fingerprint positioning is performed using uplink signals, the user equipment receives positioning instructions from the cloud and sends detection reference signals and demodulation reference signals for uplink channel estimation to the serving cell and neighboring cell base stations. The base stations upload the collected data to the cloud for processing, and the cloud positioning algorithm calculates the location information of the user equipment using a weighted average method. Step 3, Downlink Signal Fingerprint Positioning: When using downlink signals for fingerprint positioning, the user equipment receives positioning instructions from the cloud, collects downlink positioning reference signals, broadcast signals, and demodulation reference signals of the serving cell and neighboring cells, and uploads them to the cloud for processing. Based on the received fingerprint information, the cloud positioning algorithm calculates the location information of the user equipment using a weighted average method.

2. The 5G indoor high-precision positioning method in a metal environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the positioning service area is set according to the functional zoning of the ship's internal metal environment, including: ship cabins and passageways.

3. The 5G indoor high-precision positioning method in a metal environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the positioning accuracy is set by setting the range of each point, including: to achieve sub-meter level positioning, the range of each point does not exceed 1 meter.

4. The 5G indoor high-precision positioning method in a metal environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for collecting the uplink and downlink signal "fingerprint" information of each location's serving cell and multiple neighboring cells in step 1 is as follows: Step 1a: Traverse each location, and the base station side records the uplink probe reference signal and demodulation reference signal received power values ​​reported by the terminal to the serving cell and neighboring cells at each location, and records the downlink positioning reference signal, broadcast signal and demodulation reference signal received power values ​​at each location through drive test software. Step 1b: For each location, establish a mapping table for the received power values ​​of the uplink and downlink reference signals and the coordinate values ​​of the terminal location, and store the mapping table in the cloud positioning server.

5. The 5G indoor high-precision positioning method in a metal environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method in step 2 specifically includes: Step 2a: The user equipment receives a positioning instruction from the cloud server and sends a sounding reference signal and a demodulation reference signal for uplink channel estimation; Step 2b: Measure the reference signal received power of the serving cell and neighboring cell base stations and report the power values ​​to the cloud positioning server; Step 2c: For the power value of the reference signal of each cell, the positioning server selects the closest item in the mapping table as the index to find the corresponding point coordinate value. Step 2d: Calculate the terminal location coordinates by weighting the coordinates of multiple queried cells. The weight of each cell is configurable and the weights are added together to equal 1. The serving cell has the largest weight.

6. The 5G indoor high-precision positioning method in a metal environment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the terminal position coordinates is as follows: Xn = α*X1 + β*X2; Yn = α*Y1 + β*Y2; Where α and β are the coordinate weights of the serving cell and neighboring cells, (X1,Y1) is the coordinate value of the serving cell, (X2,Y2) is the coordinate value of the neighboring cell, and (Xn,Yn) is the coordinate value of the terminal location.

7. The 5G indoor high-precision positioning method in a metal environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method in step 3 specifically includes: Step 3a: The user equipment receives the positioning command from the cloud server and measures the received power of the downlink positioning reference signal, broadcast signal and demodulation reference signal of the serving cell and neighboring cells; Step 3b: The terminal reports the measured values ​​of the reference signal received power of the serving cell and neighboring cells to the cloud positioning server; Step 3c: For the power value of the reference signal of each cell, the positioning server selects the closest item in the mapping table as the index to find the corresponding point coordinate value. Step 3d: Calculate the terminal location coordinates by weighting the coordinates of multiple queried cells. The weight of each cell can be configured so that the weight of the serving cell is maximized.

8. The 5G indoor high-precision positioning method in a metal environment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the terminal position coordinates is as follows: Xn = α*X1 + β*X2; Yn = α*Y1 + β*Y2; Where α and β are the coordinate weights of the serving cell and neighboring cells, (X1,Y1) is the coordinate value of the serving cell, (X2,Y2) is the coordinate value of the neighboring cell, and (Xn,Yn) is the coordinate value of the terminal location.

9. A 5G indoor high-precision positioning system for metallic environments, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store executable computer programs; A processor, when executing an executable computer program stored in a memory, implements the 5G indoor high-precision positioning method in a metallic environment as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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