Sputum suction system based on intelligent airway

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent airways, in particular to a sputum suction system based on an intelligent airway. A negative pressure mechanism; a detection mechanism; the control mechanism is used for calculating the equivalent diameter of a pipe cavity of the pipeline for detection according to the gas flow rate, judging the smoothness of gas in the pipeline for detection according to the equivalent diameter of the pipe cavity, and adjusting the instantaneous negative pressure gradient according to the instantaneous volatility of the equivalent diameter of the pipe cavity under the condition that the smoothness of the gas does not meet the requirement; the switching frequency of the negative pressure mechanism for negative pressure is determined according to the maximum pulse amplitude of the gas pressure, the reset duration of the flow field in the inserted pipeline is adjusted according to the change rate of the gas flow rate, and the equivalent diameter of the pipe cavity is compensated according to the temperature difference between the temperature in the pipeline for detection and the temperature in the pipeline of the inserted pipeline. The sputum suction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent airway technology, and more particularly to a suctioning system based on an intelligent airway. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, intelligent airway suctioning systems monitor airway resistance and peak pressure changes through airway pressure sensors, detect tidal volume and flow rate abnormalities through flow sensors, and analyze sputum inflammatory factors and pathogens through biosensors. They collect real-time airway status data, such as signs of sputum blockage, sputum location / viscosity, and mucosal damage risk, providing a basis for intelligent decision-making. The control system transmits decision commands to the electric suction device, enabling precise control of suction tube depth and pressure. After suctioning, sensors transmit airway pressure and respiratory function improvement data, which, combined with image processing, visually display sputum distribution and mucosal condition within the airway, assisting medical staff in accurately locating suction. Sputum characteristics analysis determines sputum viscosity and water content, guiding pretreatment, such as nebulization for thinning. Integrated infection monitoring, such as rapid sputum pathogen detection, avoids the need for suctioning procedures.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN111658831A discloses a suction tube device for different positions of the suction airway, comprising an interconnected pipe section and a control head. The pipe section is arc-shaped. The pipe section includes a suction tube and an oxygen supply tube with their ends abutting each other, both ends of which are open structures. The control head is fitted onto the surface of the oxygen supply tube and can rotate relative to it. The middle part of the oxygen supply tube is a free end formed by a bend. Therefore, this suction tube device for different positions of the suction airway suffers from the following problems: when highly viscous sputum flows through the suction tube, due to the adsorption effect of the tube wall, changes in flow resistance, and partial evaporation of moisture, some sputum adheres to the inner wall of the tube. This results in a small adhesion layer forming during each suctioning operation, gradually thickening the inner wall adhesion layer. This reduces the effective inner diameter of the suction tube, leading to irregular detachment of sputum deposits, alternating passage of airflow and liquid plugs, and the adsorption and retraction of mucous membranes at the tube opening when subjected to negative pressure gas impact. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address this, the present invention provides a suction system based on an intelligent airway to overcome the problems in the prior art where, when highly viscous sputum flows through the suction tube, due to the adsorption effect of the tube wall, changes in flow resistance, and partial evaporation of moisture, some sputum adheres to the inner wall of the tube. This causes a small amount of sputum to adhere to the inner wall with each suctioning operation, gradually thickening the adhesion layer on the inner wall. This leads to a reduction in the effective inner diameter of the suction tube, resulting in irregular detachment of sputum deposits, alternating passage of airflow and liquid plugs, and the adsorption and retraction of mucous membranes at the tube opening when subjected to negative pressure gas impact.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a suctioning system based on an intelligent airway, comprising: The airway mechanism includes a detection tubing and an insertion tubing connected to the detection tubing; A negative pressure mechanism, which is connected to the airway mechanism, is used to generate negative pressure for suctioning sputum; The detection mechanism is connected to the airway mechanism and is used to collect the gas flow rate in the detection pipeline, the gas pressure in the insertion pipeline, and the temperature inside the pipeline. A control mechanism, connected to both the negative pressure mechanism and the detection mechanism, is used to calculate the equivalent diameter of the detection pipeline based on the gas flow rate, determine the gas flow rate within the detection pipeline based on the equivalent diameter, adjust the instantaneous negative pressure gradient based on the instantaneous fluctuation rate of the equivalent diameter when the gas flow rate does not meet requirements, determine the switching frequency of the negative pressure mechanism based on the maximum pulse amplitude of the gas pressure, and adjust the flow field reset time within the insertion pipeline based on the rate of change of the gas flow rate. The equivalent diameter of the lumen is compensated based on the temperature difference between the temperature inside the detection pipeline and the temperature inside the insertion pipeline.

[0006] Furthermore, the testing institution includes: Several flow meters are disposed inside the detection pipeline to detect the gas flow rate; A pressure sensor is installed on the inner wall of the detection pipeline to detect the gas pressure in the insertion pipeline; A first temperature sensor is connected to the detection pipeline to collect the temperature inside the detection pipeline. The second temperature sensor is connected to the insertable tubing and is used to collect the temperature inside the insertable tubing.

[0007] Furthermore, the control mechanism is connected to the flow meter to obtain the gas flow rate in the detection tubing that generates the suction negative pressure once, and to calculate the equivalent diameter of the lumen of the detection tubing per unit length based on the gas flow rate. If the equivalent diameter of the lumen is less than or equal to a preset diameter, the gas flow rate is determined to be unsatisfactory.

[0008] Furthermore, the instantaneous fluctuation rate is the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the equivalent diameter of the lumen calculated at the end position of the unit length and the equivalent diameter of the lumen calculated at the beginning position of the unit length to the equivalent diameter of the lumen calculated at the beginning position of the unit length.

[0009] Furthermore, the control mechanism is connected to the negative pressure mechanism to obtain the instantaneous fluctuation rate of the equivalent diameter of the cavity when the gas flow does not meet the requirements. If the instantaneous fluctuation rate is greater than or equal to the preset fluctuation rate, the instantaneous negative pressure gradient is increased.

[0010] Furthermore, the instantaneous negative pressure gradient is the absolute value of the difference between the negative pressure value at the end of the unit negative pressure duration and the negative pressure value at the beginning of the unit negative pressure duration.

[0011] Furthermore, the control mechanism is connected to the air pressure sensor to obtain the maximum pulse amplitude of the gas pressure when the gas flow does not meet the requirements. If the maximum pulse amplitude is greater than or equal to a preset amplitude, the negative pressure mechanism is controlled to switch between continuous negative pressure and high-power negative pressure and low-power negative pressure modes. The switching frequency between high-power negative voltage and low-power negative voltage is negatively correlated with the maximum pulse amplitude.

[0012] Furthermore, the control mechanism is connected to the flow meter to obtain the rate of change of the gas flow rate when the gas flow does not meet the requirements. If the rate of change is greater than or equal to a preset rate of change, the flow field reset time for the next suction negative pressure is increased.

[0013] Furthermore, the rate of change of the gas flow rate is the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the gas flow rate at the end of the unit negative pressure duration and the gas flow rate at the beginning of the unit negative pressure duration to the unit negative pressure duration.

[0014] Furthermore, the control module is connected to the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor respectively to obtain the temperature difference between the temperature inside the detection pipeline and the temperature inside the insertion pipeline. If the temperature difference is greater than a preset temperature difference, the equivalent diameter of the cavity is increased.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are that the system of the present invention, by setting up an airway mechanism, a negative pressure mechanism, a detection mechanism, and a control mechanism, realizes real-time monitoring and intelligent control of the gas flow state in the tubing during the suctioning process. It effectively overcomes the problems of sputum adhesion, lumen narrowing, airflow turbulence, and mucosal damage caused by the adsorption of highly viscous sputum on the tube wall, water evaporation, and changes in flow resistance when the sputum flows through the suction tube. Because traditional suctioning systems are prone to continuous sputum deposition on the tube wall when facing highly viscous secretions, causing the effective inner diameter to gradually shrink, which in turn leads to unstable airflow, liquid blockage, negative pressure fluctuations, or even local blockage of the tube, the present invention, by dynamically calculating the equivalent diameter of the lumen based on the gas flow rate and combining it with a temperature compensation mechanism to improve measurement accuracy, can accurately identify the changing trend of the patency state inside the tube, trigger adjustment strategies in a timely manner, and ensure the continuity and stability of the suctioning process.

[0016] Furthermore, the system of the present invention adjusts the instantaneous negative pressure gradient according to the instantaneous fluctuation rate of the equivalent diameter of the lumen. Since the irregular thickening of the sputum deposits can cause non-uniform contraction of the airflow channel, turbulent disturbances and local impacts are easily generated under negative pressure, causing sputum fragments to fall off and form intermittent liquid blockages, affecting suction efficiency. By analyzing the degree of fluctuation of the equivalent diameter of the lumen per unit length, when the instantaneous fluctuation rate exceeds a preset threshold, the instantaneous negative pressure gradient is actively enhanced. The rapidly increasing pressure difference generates directional pulse airflow, which flushes the deposits on the tube wall and pushes the stagnant sputum out, inhibits the formation of liquid blockages, maintains airway patency, and improves the stability of the suction pathway.

[0017] Furthermore, the system of the present invention adjusts the negative pressure mode from continuous negative pressure to a negative pressure mode that alternates between high power and low power. Since continuous high-intensity negative pressure can easily induce airway mucosal damage, it may also cause local tissue to be adsorbed onto the tube opening and repeatedly bounced due to excessive suction, resulting in mechanical irritation and bleeding risks. At the same time, it is difficult to effectively remove the existing deposited layer. By introducing a pulse-type switching negative pressure mechanism, the switching frequency is reduced when the maximum pulse amplitude of the gas pressure is detected to be large. This allows the high-power phase to concentrate energy to remove stubborn deposits, while the low-power phase alleviates tissue stress response.

[0018] Furthermore, the system of the present invention adjusts the flow field reset time in the insertion tube. Since the residual sputum in the tube forms a complex flow structure under the shearing action of the airflow after frequent suctioning operations, if the initial flow conditions are not fully restored before the next suctioning, it is easy to cause flow field distortion and decreased suction efficiency. By monitoring the rate of change of gas flow velocity to determine the energy release intensity of the current suctioning process, the flow field reset time before the next operation is extended, allowing the pressure and airflow distribution in the tube to return to zero, avoiding residual vortices from interfering with the start of the new cycle, ensuring that suctioning begins under optimal flow field conditions, and improving the effective volume of a single suctioning and the consistency of repeated operations.

[0019] Furthermore, the system described in this invention corrects the equivalent diameter of the cavity by introducing a temperature difference compensation mechanism. Since the temperature difference between the detection pipeline and the insertion pipeline may cause changes in gas density, affecting the accuracy of flow rate measurement and thus misleading the judgment of the cavity size, the system uses multiple temperature sensors to obtain the internal temperature of the two pipeline sections in real time and corrects the gas dynamic parameters based on the temperature difference. This improves the accuracy of the calculation of the equivalent diameter of the cavity, avoids misjudgment caused by thermal drift, and enhances the system's environmental adaptability and detection reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sputum suction system based on the intelligent airway according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an overall structural block diagram of the suction system based on the intelligent airway according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a block diagram showing the connection between the detection structure and the control mechanism of the suction system based on the intelligent airway according to an embodiment of the present invention. The following are the reference numerals: 1-Insertion-type pipeline, 2-Test pipeline, 3-Negative pressure pump inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., which indicate directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0024] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 The figures shown are a schematic diagram of the overall structure, a block diagram of the overall structure, and a connection block diagram of the detection structure and control mechanism of the suction system based on an intelligent airway according to an embodiment of the present invention. The present invention provides a suction system based on an intelligent airway, comprising: The airway mechanism includes a detection tubing 2 and an insertion tubing 1 connected to the detection tubing; A negative pressure mechanism, which is connected to the airway mechanism, is used to generate negative pressure for suctioning sputum; The detection mechanism is connected to the airway mechanism and is used to collect the gas flow rate in the detection pipeline, the gas pressure in the insertion pipeline, and the temperature inside the pipeline. A control mechanism, connected to both the negative pressure mechanism and the detection mechanism, is used to calculate the equivalent diameter of the detection pipeline based on the gas flow rate, determine the gas flow rate within the detection pipeline based on the equivalent diameter, adjust the instantaneous negative pressure gradient based on the instantaneous fluctuation rate of the equivalent diameter when the gas flow rate does not meet requirements, determine the switching frequency of the negative pressure mechanism based on the maximum pulse amplitude of the gas pressure, and adjust the flow field reset time within the insertion pipeline based on the rate of change of the gas flow rate. The equivalent diameter of the lumen is compensated based on the temperature difference between the temperature inside the detection pipeline and the temperature inside the insertion pipeline.

[0026] Specifically, the insertable tube is inserted through the mouth or nose, with its end located inside the trachea. The testing tubing is connected to the end of the insertion tubing furthest from the end.

[0027] Specifically, the negative pressure mechanism includes: The negative pressure pump inlet 3 is connected to the testing pipeline; A negative pressure pump, which is connected to the negative pressure pump inlet, is used to extract gas from the testing pipeline.

[0028] Specifically, the control mechanism includes a real-time clock module, which is used to set the suctioning frequency and suctioning time. The real-time clock module includes an RTC clock chip and Flash memory.

[0029] In practice, the system described in this invention, by setting up an airway mechanism, a negative pressure mechanism, a detection mechanism, and a control mechanism, achieves real-time monitoring and intelligent regulation of the gas flow state within the tubing during suctioning. This effectively overcomes problems such as sputum adhesion, lumen narrowing, airflow turbulence, and mucosal damage caused by the adsorption of highly viscous sputum on the tubing wall, water evaporation, and changes in flow resistance when the sputum flows through the suction tube. Traditional suctioning systems are prone to continuous sputum deposition on the tubing wall when dealing with highly viscous secretions, causing the effective inner diameter to gradually shrink, which in turn leads to unstable airflow, liquid blockage, negative pressure fluctuations, and even local blockage of the tubing. By dynamically calculating the equivalent diameter of the lumen based on gas flow velocity and combining it with a temperature compensation mechanism to improve measurement accuracy, the system can accurately identify the changing trend of the patency state inside the tubing, trigger adjustment strategies in a timely manner, and ensure the continuity and stability of the suctioning process.

[0030] Specifically, the testing institutions include: Several flow meters are disposed inside the detection pipeline to detect the gas flow rate; A pressure sensor is installed on the inner wall of the detection pipeline to detect the gas pressure in the insertion pipeline; A first temperature sensor is connected to the detection pipeline to collect the temperature inside the detection pipeline. The second temperature sensor is connected to the insertable tubing and is used to collect the temperature inside the insertable tubing.

[0031] Specifically, the first temperature sensor is embedded in the wall of the detection conduit at the midpoint, and the second temperature sensor is embedded in the wall of the insertion conduit at the midpoint.

[0032] Specifically, the control mechanism is connected to the flow meter to obtain the gas flow rate in the detection tubing that generates the suction negative pressure once, and calculates the equivalent diameter of the lumen of the detection tubing per unit length based on the gas flow rate. If the equivalent diameter of the lumen is less than or equal to a preset diameter, it is determined that the gas flow rate does not meet the requirements.

[0033] Specifically, the unit length is 5mm.

[0034] Specifically, the formula for calculating the equivalent diameter of the lumen is:

[0035] Where D is the equivalent diameter of the tube, Q is the gas volume flow rate, and v is the gas velocity; The gas volumetric flow rate is the product of the gas velocity and the cross-sectional area of ​​the detection pipeline.

[0036] Specifically, under the condition that the diameter of the testing pipeline is 12mm and the length of the testing pipeline does not exceed 30cm, the general range of the preset diameter is [10mm, 11.8mm], and the preferred embodiment of the preset diameter is 10.8mm.

[0037] In practice, for example, the cross-sectional area of ​​the testing pipeline is calculated as π × (0.006). 2 ≈1.13×10 -4 m 2 If the gas velocity is 1.5 m / s, then Q = 1.13 × 10⁻⁶. -4 m 2 ×1.5m / s=1.695× -4 m 3 If the diameter of the tube is 0.0112 / s, then the equivalent diameter of the tube is D≈0.0112=11.2mm.

[0038] Those skilled in the art will understand that the range of preset diameters and preferred embodiments provided in this embodiment are the values ​​that best address the technical problem solved by the present invention, under the condition that the diameter of the detection pipeline is 12mm and the length of the detection pipeline does not exceed 30cm. In actual applications or experiments, those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments to the preset diameter according to the actual application environment and application scenario.

[0039] In practice, the system of the present invention adjusts the instantaneous negative pressure gradient according to the instantaneous fluctuation rate of the equivalent diameter of the lumen. Since the irregular thickening of the sputum deposits can cause non-uniform contraction of the airflow channel, turbulent disturbances and local impacts are easily generated under negative pressure, causing sputum fragments to fall off and form intermittent liquid blockages, affecting suction efficiency. By analyzing the degree of fluctuation of the equivalent diameter of the lumen per unit length, when the instantaneous fluctuation rate exceeds a preset threshold, the instantaneous negative pressure gradient is actively enhanced. The rapidly increasing pressure difference generates directional pulse airflow, which flushes the deposits on the tube wall and pushes the stagnant sputum out, inhibits the formation of liquid blockages, maintains airway patency, and improves the stability of the suction pathway.

[0040] Specifically, the instantaneous fluctuation rate is the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the equivalent diameter of the lumen calculated at the end position of the unit length and the equivalent diameter of the lumen calculated at the beginning position of the unit length to the equivalent diameter of the lumen calculated at the beginning position of the unit length.

[0041] Specifically, the control mechanism is connected to the negative pressure mechanism to obtain the instantaneous fluctuation rate of the equivalent diameter of the tube when the gas flow does not meet the requirements. If the instantaneous fluctuation rate is greater than or equal to the preset fluctuation rate, the instantaneous negative pressure gradient is increased.

[0042] Specifically, under the conditions that the diameter of the testing pipeline is 12mm and the length of the testing pipeline does not exceed 30cm, the general range of the preset volatility is [10%, 18%], and the preferred embodiment of the preset volatility is 16%.

[0043] Those skilled in the art will understand that the range of preset volatility and the preferred embodiment provided in this embodiment are the values ​​that are most effective in solving the technical problem of the present invention, selected under the condition that the diameter of the detection pipeline is 12mm and the length of the detection pipeline does not exceed 30cm. In actual applications or experiments, those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments to the preset volatility according to the actual application environment and application scenario.

[0044] In practice, for example, if the difference between the instantaneous volatility and the preset volatility exceeds 1%, the negative pressure gradient increases by 0.1 kPa. For example, if the current negative pressure gradient is 0.5 kPa and the difference between the instantaneous volatility and the preset volatility is 3%, then the negative pressure gradient increases to 0.5 kPa + 0.1 kPa × 3 = 0.8 kPa.

[0045] Specifically, the instantaneous negative pressure gradient is the absolute value of the difference between the negative pressure value at the end of the unit negative pressure duration and the negative pressure value at the beginning of the unit negative pressure duration.

[0046] Specifically, the duration of negative pressure is 3 seconds.

[0047] Specifically, the control mechanism is connected to the air pressure sensor to obtain the maximum pulse amplitude of the gas pressure when the gas flow does not meet the requirements. If the maximum pulse amplitude is greater than or equal to a preset amplitude, the negative pressure mechanism is controlled to switch between continuous negative pressure and high-power negative pressure and low-power negative pressure modes. The switching frequency between high-power negative voltage and low-power negative voltage is negatively correlated with the maximum pulse amplitude.

[0048] Specifically, the switching frequency is the reciprocal of the sum of the duration of the high-power negative voltage and the duration of the low-power negative voltage.

[0049] Specifically, the pulse amplitude of gas pressure is the peak value of the positive fluctuation of gas pressure detected by the gas pressure sensor. When sputum forms a liquid plug that blocks the pipe in the pipeline, the negative pressure continues to accumulate upstream of the liquid plug, causing the gas downstream of the liquid plug to be compressed and accelerated, thus generating a positive pressure spike on the gas pressure sensor.

[0050] Specifically, under the conditions that the diameter of the testing pipeline is 12mm and the length of the testing pipeline does not exceed 30cm, the general range of the preset amplitude is [1kPa, 6kPa], and the preferred embodiment of the preset amplitude is 5kPa.

[0051] Those skilled in the art will understand that the selectable range of the preset amplitude and the preferred embodiment provided in this embodiment are the values ​​that are most effective in solving the technical problem of the present invention under the condition that the diameter of the detection pipeline is 12mm and the length of the detection pipeline does not exceed 30cm. In actual applications or experiments, those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments to the preset amplitude according to the actual application environment and application scenario.

[0052] Specifically, the negative pressure power of continuous negative pressure is the output power of the negative pressure pump. The negative pressure power of high-power negative pressure is greater than that of continuous negative pressure, and the negative pressure power of low-power negative pressure is less than that of continuous negative pressure. The absolute value of the difference between high-power negative pressure and low-power negative pressure does not exceed 15 kPa. The switching time between high-power negative pressure and low-power negative pressure does not exceed 10 seconds. In a single switching, the duration of high-power negative pressure is equal to the duration of low-power negative pressure.

[0053] In practice, if the difference between the maximum pulse amplitude and the preset amplitude exceeds 1 kPa, the switching frequency decreases by 0.01 s. -1 For example, the difference between the maximum pulse amplitude and the preset amplitude is 2 kPa, and the initial switching frequency is set to 0.25 s. -1 The switching frequency is then reduced to 0.25s. -1 -2×0.01s -1 =0.23s -1 .

[0054] In practice, the system of the present invention adjusts the negative pressure mode from continuous negative pressure to a negative pressure mode that alternates between high power and low power. Since continuous high-intensity negative pressure can easily induce airway mucosal damage, it may also cause local tissue to be adsorbed at the tube opening and repeatedly bounced due to excessive suction, resulting in mechanical irritation and bleeding risks. At the same time, it is difficult to effectively remove the existing deposited layer. By introducing a pulse-type switching negative pressure mechanism, the switching frequency is reduced when the maximum pulse amplitude of the gas pressure is detected to be large. This allows the high-power phase to concentrate energy to remove stubborn deposits, while the low-power phase alleviates tissue stress response.

[0055] Specifically, the control mechanism is connected to the flow meter to obtain the rate of change of the gas flow rate when the gas flow does not meet the requirements. If the rate of change is greater than or equal to a preset rate of change, the flow field reset time for the next suction negative pressure is increased.

[0056] Specifically, the rate of change of the gas flow rate is the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the gas flow rate at the end of the unit negative pressure duration and the gas flow rate at the beginning of the unit negative pressure duration to the unit negative pressure duration.

[0057] Specifically, the flow field reset time is the duration between the end of the previous suction negative pressure operation and the start of the next suction negative pressure operation.

[0058] Specifically, under the conditions that the diameter of the testing pipeline is 12mm and the length of the testing pipeline does not exceed 30cm, the general range of the preset rate of change is [0.1m / s]. 2 3m / s 2 The preferred embodiment of the preset rate of change is 1 m / s. 2 .

[0059] Those skilled in the art will understand that the range of preset change rates and preferred embodiments provided in this embodiment are the values ​​that best address the technical problem solved by the present invention, under the condition that the diameter of the detection pipeline is 12mm and the length of the detection pipeline does not exceed 30cm. In actual applications or experiments, those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments to the preset change rates according to the actual application environment and application scenario.

[0060] During implementation, the difference between the rate of change and the preset rate of change should not exceed 0.1 m / s. 2 If the flow field reset time is increased by 1 second, for example, if the difference between the rate of change and the preset rate of change is 0.4 m / s... 2 If the current flow field reset time is 5s, then the flow field reset time will increase to 5s + 1s × 4 = 9s.

[0061] In practice, the system described in this invention adjusts the flow field reset time within the insertion tubing. Since residual sputum in the tubing forms a complex flow structure under the shearing action of airflow after frequent suctioning, if the initial flow conditions are not fully restored before the next suctioning, it can easily lead to flow field distortion and decreased suction efficiency. By monitoring the rate of change in gas velocity to determine the energy release intensity of the current suctioning process, the flow field reset time before the next operation is extended, allowing the pressure and airflow distribution within the tubing to fully return to zero. This avoids residual vortices interfering with the start of a new cycle, ensuring that suctioning begins under optimal flow field conditions, thus improving the effective volume of a single suctioning and the consistency of repeated operations.

[0062] Specifically, the control module is connected to several temperature sensors to obtain the temperature difference between the temperature inside the detection pipeline and the temperature inside the insertion pipeline. If the temperature difference is greater than a preset temperature difference, the equivalent diameter of the cavity is increased.

[0063] Specifically, the temperature difference is the difference between the temperature inside the inlet pipe and the temperature inside the testing pipe.

[0064] Specifically, under the conditions that the diameter of the testing pipeline is 12mm and the length of the testing pipeline does not exceed 30cm, the general range of the preset temperature difference is [0.5℃, 3℃], and the preferred embodiment of the preset temperature difference is 2℃.

[0065] Specifically, the equivalent diameter of the lumen after compensation = the equivalent diameter of the lumen before compensation × (1 + a × temperature difference). Where 'a' is the compensation coefficient, with a value of 0.005℃. -1 .

[0066] In practice, for example, if the equivalent diameter of the lumen before compensation is 9.8 mm and the temperature difference is 36℃ - 30℃ = 6℃, then the equivalent diameter of the lumen after compensation will increase to 9.8 mm × (1 + 0.005℃). -1 (×6℃) = 10.094mm.

[0067] Those skilled in the art will understand that the range of preset temperature difference and the preferred embodiment provided in this embodiment are the values ​​that are most effective in solving the technical problem of the present invention, under the condition that the diameter of the detection pipeline is 12mm and the length of the detection pipeline does not exceed 30cm. In actual applications or experiments, those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments to the preset temperature difference according to the actual application environment and application scenario.

[0068] In practice, the system described in this invention corrects the equivalent diameter of the cavity by introducing a temperature difference compensation mechanism. Since the temperature difference between the detection pipeline and the insertion pipeline may cause changes in gas density, affecting the accuracy of flow rate measurement and thus misleading the judgment of the cavity size, multiple temperature sensors are arranged to obtain the internal temperature of the two pipeline sections in real time. Based on the temperature difference, the gas dynamic parameters are corrected, which improves the accuracy of the calculation of the equivalent diameter of the cavity, avoids misjudgment caused by thermal drift, and enhances the system's environmental adaptability and detection reliability.

[0069] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart airway-based sputum suction system, characterized in that, The application relates to a sputum suction device, which comprises the following components: an airway mechanism, which comprises a detection pipeline and an insertion pipeline connected with the detection pipeline; a negative pressure mechanism connected with the airway mechanism, which is used to generate a sputum suction negative pressure; a detection mechanism connected with the airway mechanism, which is used to collect the gas flow rate in the detection pipeline, the gas pressure in the insertion pipeline and the pipeline internal temperature; a control mechanism connected with the negative pressure mechanism and the detection mechanism respectively, which is used to calculate the tube cavity equivalent diameter of the detection pipeline according to the gas flow rate, to determine the gas flow smoothness in the detection pipeline according to the tube cavity equivalent diameter, to adjust the instantaneous negative pressure gradient according to the instantaneous fluctuation rate of the tube cavity equivalent diameter under the condition that the gas flow smoothness does not meet the requirement, to determine the switching frequency of the negative pressure mechanism to generate the negative pressure according to the maximum pulse amplitude of the gas pressure, and to adjust the flow field resetting time length in the insertion pipeline according to the change rate of the gas flow rate, wherein the tube cavity equivalent diameter is compensated according to the temperature difference between the pipeline internal temperature of the detection pipeline and the pipeline internal temperature of the insertion pipeline.

2. The smart airway-based suction system of claim 1, wherein, The detection mechanism comprises: a plurality of flow rate meters arranged in the detection pipeline, which are used to detect the gas flow rate; an air pressure sensor arranged on the inner wall of the detection pipeline, which is used to detect the gas pressure in the insertion pipeline; a first temperature sensor connected with the detection pipeline, which is used to collect the pipeline internal temperature of the detection pipeline; a second temperature sensor connected with the insertion pipeline, which is used to collect the pipeline internal temperature of the insertion pipeline.

3. The smart airway-based sputum suction system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control mechanism is connected with the flow rate meter, which is used to obtain the gas flow rate in the detection pipeline generated once the sputum suction negative pressure, and to calculate the tube cavity equivalent diameter of the detection pipeline per unit length according to the gas flow rate, and to determine that the gas flow smoothness does not meet the requirement if the tube cavity equivalent diameter is less than or equal to the preset diameter.

4. The smart airway-based sputum suction system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The instantaneous fluctuation rate is the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the tube cavity equivalent diameter calculated at the end position of the unit length and the tube cavity equivalent diameter calculated at the start position of the unit length to the tube cavity equivalent diameter calculated at the start position of the unit length.

5. The smart airway-based sputum suction system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control mechanism is connected with the negative pressure mechanism, which is used to obtain the instantaneous fluctuation rate of the tube cavity equivalent diameter under the condition that the gas flow smoothness does not meet the requirement, and to increase the instantaneous negative pressure gradient if the instantaneous fluctuation rate is greater than or equal to the preset fluctuation rate.

6. The smart airway-based sputum suction system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The instantaneous negative pressure gradient is the absolute value of the difference between the negative pressure value at the end time of the unit negative pressure time length and the negative pressure value at the start time of the unit negative pressure time length.

7. The smart airway-based sputum suction system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control mechanism is connected with the air pressure sensor, which is used to obtain the maximum pulse amplitude of the gas pressure under the condition that the gas flow smoothness does not meet the requirement, and to control the negative pressure mechanism to be adjusted from the continuous negative pressure to the switching negative pressure mode of the high-power negative pressure and the low-power negative pressure if the maximum pulse amplitude is greater than or equal to the preset amplitude, wherein the switching frequency of the high-power negative pressure and the low-power negative pressure is negatively correlated with the maximum pulse amplitude.

8. The smart airway-based sputum suction system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The control mechanism is connected with the flowmeter, so as to obtain the change rate of the gas flow rate for generating the sputum suction negative pressure once the gas flow degree does not meet the requirement, and if the change rate is greater than or equal to a preset change rate, the flow field reset duration for the next sputum suction negative pressure is increased.

9. The smart airway-based sputum suction system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The change rate of the gas flow rate is the absolute value of the difference between the gas flow rate at the end of the unit negative pressure duration and the gas flow rate at the beginning of the unit negative pressure duration, divided by the unit negative pressure duration.

10. The smart airway-based sputum suction system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The control module is connected with the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor respectively, so as to obtain the temperature difference between the pipeline internal temperature of the detection pipeline and the pipeline internal temperature of the plug-in pipeline, and if the temperature difference is greater than a preset temperature difference, the equivalent diameter of the lumen is increased.

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