Sound field adjusting device and ultrasonic gas flowmeter

Abstract

The application provides an acoustic field adjusting device and an ultrasonic gas flowmeter. The acoustic field adjusting device comprises an acoustic sensor, an acoustic structure and a fluid stabilizing structure. The fluid stabilizing structure is directly fixedly connected with the acoustic structure. The fluid stabilizing structure and the acoustic structure are directly integrated together, and the structure fusion and function synergy of the fluid stabilizing structure and / or the acoustic structure synchronously and efficiently solve the core problems of flow field disturbance and low acoustic energy transmission efficiency in the measurement of the ultrasonic gas flowmeter in a single and compact physical space, thereby providing an innovative and effective technical path for realizing a high-precision, wide-range and small-volume integrated gas flowmeter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of flow sensing technology, and more specifically, to a sound field adjustment device and an ultrasonic gas flow meter. Background Technology

[0002] The core components of an ultrasonic gas flow meter include the sensor and the flow channel structure. Existing sensors are block-structured. The flow channel structure of existing ultrasonic gas flow meters includes a fluid structure. The fluid structure is mainly divided into three parts: the test flow channel structure, the sensor-flow channel connection structure, and the rectification structure. The test flow channel structure, as the name suggests, is the area through which the fluid mainly flows and is also the main part for measuring flow rate. The rectification structure mainly stabilizes the fluid state within the test flow channel structure, making the measurement more accurate. The sensor-flow channel connection structure mainly creates an external connection structure to the main pipe at the sensor installation location. This sensor-flow channel connection structure usually causes some turbulence, resulting in measurement errors.

[0003] In existing ultrasonic flow meters, to facilitate smooth interaction between sound waves and the fluid in the pipeline, an acoustic structure (acoustic signal tube) directly connected to the pipeline is typically incorporated into the sensor-flow channel connection structure. This allows the ultrasonic waves emitted by the transducer within the acoustic structure to interact directly with the fluid without obstruction from the pipe wall. However, on the one hand, the shape of the acoustic structure in existing ultrasonic flow meters is often improperly designed, easily leading to significant distortion of the flow field at the connection point between the acoustic structure and the pipeline, thus affecting the final measurement results. On the other hand, even with a properly shaped acoustic structure, mismatch between the acoustic structure and the sensor-flow channel connection structure can easily occur, resulting in weakened acoustic gain and further impacting the final measurement results.

[0004] In addition, traditional ultrasonic gas flow meters use a block structure for the sensor, resulting in a small beamwidth. When the flow velocity of the fluid being measured is high, beam drift occurs. When applied to flow measurement in small pipes, both the flow detection range and accuracy are limited. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present application provides an integrated ultrasonic gas flow meter that uses a dual-diameter acoustic structure to carry a micro thin-film sensor chip and is optimized in conjunction with the mechanical structure of the test flow channel to reduce the influence of beam drift on the signal when the flow velocity increases, improve measurement accuracy, and expand the flow measurement range; while stabilizing the fluid, it can obtain better acoustic gain.

[0006] This application provides a sound field adjustment device for use in a through-beam ultrasonic gas flow meter, comprising: an acoustic sensor, an acoustic structure, and a fluid stabilization structure;

[0007] The acoustic sensor is a thin-film sensor;

[0008] The acoustic structure includes a first acoustic section and a second acoustic section; the first acoustic section is an acoustic inlet, and the inner sidewall of the end face of the first acoustic section is used to fix the acoustic sensor; the second acoustic section is an acoustic outlet.

[0009] The fluid stabilizing structure is directly and fixedly connected to the acoustic structure;

[0010] The fluid stabilization structure includes a first stabilizing part and a second stabilizing part; the end face area of ​​the first stabilizing part is smaller than the end face area of ​​the second stabilizing part; the first stabilizing part is located away from the acoustic structure; the second stabilizing part is connected to the second acoustic part; and the end face area of ​​the second stabilizing part is equal to the end face area of ​​the second acoustic part.

[0011] In one embodiment, both the first acoustic section and the second acoustic section have multiple cross-sections, satisfying the following: (1) the cross-sectional diameter of the end face of the first acoustic section is equal to the cross-sectional diameter of the end face of the second acoustic section, and the tangent slope of the connection between the first acoustic section and the second acoustic section has positive and negative changes; or,

[0012] (2) The diameter of the end face of the first acoustic part is not equal to the diameter of the end face of the second acoustic part, and the tangent slope of the connection between the first acoustic part and the second acoustic part has positive and negative changes, the tangent slope is a non-zero constant value, the tangent slope is a change value greater than zero, and the tangent slope is a change value less than zero.

[0013] In one embodiment, in the cross-section of the sound field adjustment device, the line connecting the first acoustic section and the second acoustic section is a straight line or a curve; the line connecting the first stabilizing section and the second stabilizing section is a straight line or a curve.

[0014] In one embodiment, the end face area of ​​the first acoustic part is less than or equal to the end face area of ​​the second acoustic part;

[0015] The line connecting the first stabilizing part and the second stabilizing part is a Bézier curve.

[0016] In one embodiment, the line connecting the first acoustic section and the second acoustic section is a Bézier curve; and the change process of the tangent slope at the connection between the first stabilizing section and the second stabilizing section is consistent with the change process of the tangent slope at the connection between the first acoustic section and the second acoustic section.

[0017] In one embodiment, the line connecting the first stabilizing part and the second stabilizing part, and the line connecting the first acoustic part and the second acoustic part, are both straight lines;

[0018] Furthermore, the end face area of ​​the first acoustic component is larger than the end face area of ​​the second acoustic component;

[0019] In the cross-section of the sound field adjustment device, the rate of change of the first acoustic section pointing towards the second acoustic section is equal to the rate of change of the first stabilizing section pointing towards the second stabilizing section.

[0020] In one embodiment, the extension height H of the fluid stabilizing structure is less than 2.5 cm.

[0021] The radius r at the junction of the acoustic structure and the fluid stabilizing structure is less than 1.5 cm.

[0022] In one embodiment, the shape of the end face of the first acoustic part and the shape of the end face of the first stabilizing part include at least one of a circle, an ellipse, and a polygon;

[0023] The shape of the connection surface between the second stabilizing part and the second acoustic part includes at least one of a circle, an ellipse, and a polygon.

[0024] This application also provides an ultrasonic gas flow meter, comprising:

[0025] Test piping is used to provide a flow path for the fluid to be tested.

[0026] A rectifier is installed in the test pipeline;

[0027] The sound field adjustment device described in any of the preceding claims, wherein the first stabilizing unit is connected to the rectifier; and,

[0028] An acoustic sensor is disposed on the inner sidewall of the end face of the first acoustic part.

[0029] In one embodiment, the rectifier includes:

[0030] A rectifier body for providing a support frame, the sound field adjustment device being connected to the rectifier body; and...

[0031] A rectifier channel, located in the rectifier body, is used to provide a specific flow channel for the fluid to be tested.

[0032] In one embodiment, the sidewalls of the acoustic structure and / or the sidewalls of the fluid stabilizing structure are in contact with the rectifying body;

[0033] The thickness of the rectifier body is L, the thickness of the acoustic structure is L1, the thickness of the fluid stabilizing structure is L2, and L1+L2≥L.

[0034] In one embodiment, the acoustic sensor is selected from any one of PMUT, CMUT, and AMUT.

[0035] This application also provides an integrated ultrasonic gas flow meter, comprising:

[0036] The test pipeline, including the pipeline inlet and the pipeline outlet, is used to provide a flow path for the fluid to be tested;

[0037] Two rectifiers are respectively installed at the inlet and outlet of the pipe;

[0038] Two sound field adjustment devices are connected to the two rectifiers respectively, and the rectifier located at the pipe inlet is integrally formed with the sound field adjustment device; the rectifier located at the pipe outlet is integrally formed with the sound field adjustment device.

[0039] The sound field adjustment device provided in this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] On the one hand, the fluid stabilization structure and the acoustic structure are directly and fixedly connected. In this embodiment, the fluid stabilization structure and the acoustic structure are directly and fixedly connected (e.g., directly integrated together). In addition, the structural integration and functional synergy of the fluid stabilization structure and / or the acoustic structure solve the core problems of flow field disturbance and low sound energy transmission efficiency in ultrasonic gas flow meter measurement in a single and compact physical space. This provides an innovative and effective technical path for realizing a high-precision, wide-range, and small-volume integrated gas flow meter.

[0041] On the other hand, the end face area of ​​the first stabilizing part is smaller than that of the second stabilizing part, and the flow direction of the fluid to be measured is from the second stabilizing part to the first stabilizing part. Therefore, the fluid stabilization structure is a gradually narrowing streamlined channel. The small end face area of ​​the first stabilizing part means that it is a contraction section, which can effectively guide the flow of the fluid to be measured and greatly suppress the generation of eddies. Furthermore, in the contraction section, the velocity distribution of the fluid to be measured becomes flatter and more symmetrical (closer to ideal laminar flow), which makes the "path-average velocity" measured by the ultrasonic gas flow meter more accurately reflect the "area-average velocity" of the fluid to be measured, reducing the error caused by the uneven velocity distribution of the fluid to be measured.

[0042] Furthermore, both the first and second acoustic sections have multiple cross-sections. The cross-sectional diameters of the end faces of the two acoustic sections are equal, and the tangent slopes at the connection between the two sections change positively or negatively. Alternatively, the cross-sectional diameters of the end faces of the two acoustic sections are unequal, and the tangent slopes at the connection between the two sections change positively or negatively, with the tangent slope being a non-zero constant, a greater-than-zero change, or a less-than-zero change. That is, the acoustic structure can be a stepped variable cross-section structure (similar to an acoustic horn). Acoustically, it acts as an impedance transformer. The acoustic structure, with its variable cross-sectional area, can progressively match the high impedance of the acoustic sensor and the low impedance of the gas, allowing sound wave energy to couple more smoothly from the acoustic sensor into the gas being tested, significantly increasing the intensity of the emitted ultrasonic waves.

[0043] Overall, the sound field adjustment device, which integrates acoustic and fluid stabilization structures, achieves a synergistic effect greater than the sum of its parts. The acoustic structure ensures clear hearing, while the fluid stabilization structure ensures accurate flow; together, they ensure high-precision measurement. The design of the acoustic structure with variable cross-sectional areas of the two acoustic sections and the streamlined fluid stabilization structure brings technical benefits to the through-beam ultrasonic gas flow meter, including improved measurement performance, fluid stability, and ease of installation. The variable cross-sectional area design of the two acoustic sections solves the problem of low energy transmission efficiency in gas measurement, significantly improving the signal-to-noise ratio and measurement reliability. The streamlined fluid stabilization structure avoids or greatly reduces measurement errors caused by flow field disturbances and significantly reduces the requirements for straight pipe sections for installation.

[0044] The ultrasonic gas flow meter provided in this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] The ultrasonic gas flow meter creates a two-stage rectification system: First-stage rectification (local rectification by a sound field adjustment device composed of an acoustic structure and a fluid stabilization structure): The fluid under test enters the streamlined channel (such as the contraction section of a Bezier curve) of the fluid stabilization structure through the acoustic structure. The sound field adjustment device can perform refined local rectification of the flow field, ensuring that the fluid under test is not disturbed by any airflow during acoustic measurement, achieving a near-ideal laminar flow stability. Second-stage rectification (global rectification by a rectification device): The rectification device rectifies the chaotic flow field from upstream of the test pipe, breaking up large-scale eddies and vortices, making the airflow more uniform. Through the dual guarantee mechanism of local and global rectification, the influence of flow field disturbance on the measurement is completely eliminated, providing a near-perfect fluid environment for ultrasonic measurement. The ultrasonic gas flow meter involved in this application embodiment is a gas flow measurement system with extremely high accuracy, high reliability, and extremely simple installation. Attached Figure Description

[0046] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0047] Figure 1A This is a physical diagram of a sound field adjustment device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 1B This is a physical diagram of a sound field adjustment device provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 1C A physical diagram of a sound field adjustment device provided in yet another embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a physical diagram of a sound field adjustment device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 3A This is a cross-sectional view of a sound field adjustment device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 3B This is a cross-sectional view of a sound field adjustment device provided in yet another embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 4A This is a cross-sectional view of a sound field adjustment device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 4B This is a cross-sectional view of the sound field adjustment device provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 4C This is a cross-sectional view of a sound field adjustment device provided in yet another embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 5A This is a cross-sectional view of a sound field adjustment device provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 5B This is a cross-sectional view of the sound field adjustment device provided in two other embodiments of this application;

[0058] Figure 5C This is a cross-sectional view of the sound field adjustment device provided in three other embodiments of this application;

[0059] Figure 6 This is a physical image of an ultrasonic gas flow meter provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 7This is a physical diagram of a rectifier device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the sound field adjustment device and the rectifier device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the sound field adjustment device and the rectifier device provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 10 This is a side view of the ultrasonic gas flow meter provided in the first embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 11 This is a side view of the ultrasonic gas flow meter provided in the second embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 12 This is a side view of the ultrasonic gas flow meter provided in the third embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 13 This is a side view of the ultrasonic gas flow meter provided in the fourth embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 14 This is a side view of the ultrasonic gas flow meter provided in the fifth embodiment of this application.

[0068] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0069] Ultrasonic gas flow meter 100:

[0070] Sound field adjustment device 10:

[0071] Fluid stabilizing structure 11: First stabilizing part 11a, second stabilizing part 11b;

[0072] Acoustic structure 12: First acoustic section 12a, second acoustic section 12b;

[0073] Acoustic sensor 13;

[0074] Rectifier 30: rectifier body 31, rectifier channel 32;

[0075] Test pipe 40. Detailed Implementation

[0076] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0077] Existing ultrasonic flow meters incorporate a buffer chamber between the rectifying assembly and the flow guiding assembly. This buffer chamber, acting as a physical space, allows for sufficient fluid diffusion, attenuates turbulence and noise, and prepares the flow for downstream guidance and measurement. However, ultrasonic flow meters with this buffer chamber are complex in design, large in size, and unsuitable for small-diameter / small-size pipes. This application provides an ultrasonic gas flow meter that can be applied to flow measurement in small pipes, offering a wider flow detection range and higher detection accuracy.

[0078] Please see Figure 1A , Figure 1B and Figure 1C The sound field adjustment device 10 provided in some embodiments of this application is applied to a through-beam ultrasonic gas flow meter 100. That is, the two sensors (transducers) in the ultrasonic gas flow meter 100 are respectively installed on both sides of the pipe and arranged opposite to each other. The propagation path of the ultrasonic wave is directly through the pipe diameter. The through-beam ultrasonic gas flow meter 100 has the shortest signal propagation path, relatively strong signal strength, more direct measurement, and is easier to calculate.

[0079] like Figure 1A , Figure 1B and Figure 1C The sound field adjustment device 10 shown includes an acoustic structure 12 and an acoustic sensor 13. The acoustic structure 12 includes a first acoustic section 12a and a second acoustic section 12b. The acoustic structure 12 can be integrally formed, or it can be formed by separately manufacturing the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b and then assembling them. The first acoustic section 12a can be understood as... Figure 1A , Figure 1B and Figure 1C The upper half of the acoustic structure 12 shown, the second acoustic section 12b can be understood as follows: Figure 2The lower half of the acoustic structure 12 is shown. The first acoustic section 12a is the acoustic inlet, and the second acoustic section 12b is the acoustic outlet. The inner wall of the end face of the first acoustic section 12a is used to fix the acoustic sensor 13. The end face of the first acoustic section 12a is a closed end face. The end face of the second acoustic section 12b is an open end face. Both the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b have multiple cross-sections (both the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b are part of the acoustic structure 12, and are not isolated points or isolated surfaces). The cross-section diameters of the end faces of the two acoustic sections (the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b) are equal, and the tangent slope of the connection between the two acoustic sections has positive and negative changes; or, the cross-section diameters of the end faces of the two acoustic sections are not equal, and the tangent slope of the connection between the two acoustic sections has positive and negative changes, the tangent slope is a non-zero constant value, the tangent slope is a change value greater than zero, and the tangent slope is a change value less than zero. Specifically, the shapes of the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b can be the same or different; the cross-sectional area of ​​the end face of the first acoustic section 12a and the cross-sectional area of ​​the end face of the second acoustic section 12b can be equal or unequal. The line type of the connecting line between the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b can be a straight line or a curve. The slope of the connecting part / connecting line between the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b can be the same positive value changing to the same negative value; or it can be different positive values ​​changing to different negative values. The slope of the connecting part / connecting line between the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b can be the same. burden The value changes to the same positive value; or different negative values ​​change to different positive values.

[0080] Furthermore, on the one hand, the tangential diameter of the end face of the first acoustic section 12a is equal to the tangential diameter of the end face of the second acoustic section 12b, and on the other hand, the tangent slope of the connection between the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b has positive and negative changes, such as... Figure 3A and Figure 3B As shown.

[0081] Furthermore, on the other hand, the tangential diameter of the end face of the first acoustic section 12a is not equal to the tangential diameter of the end face of the second acoustic section 12b, and the tangential slope of the connection between the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b has positive and negative changes. Figure 4B and Figure 5B The slope of the tangent is a non-zero constant. Figure 1B , Figure 2 , Figure 4A The slope of the tangent line is a constant value > 0; Figure 5A The slope of the tangent is a constant value less than 0; the slope of the tangent is a change value greater than zero. Figure 1A and Figure 4C The slope of the tangent is a change value less than zero. Figure 1C and Figure 5C ).

[0082] The plane perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid being measured is designated as the first plane. The acoustic structure 12 has multiple cross-sections parallel to the first plane, and the diameters of these cross-sections can be the same or different. That is, the acoustic structure 12 can be configured such that all cross-sections have unequal diameters, or it can be configured such that only a finite number (e.g., 2, 3, 4, etc.) of cross-sections have equal diameters, while the diameters of the other cross-sections are unequal. The cross-section of the first acoustic section 12a can be circular, elliptical, rectangular, rhomboid, polygonal, or other shapes. The cross-section of the second acoustic section 12b can also be circular, elliptical, rectangular, rhomboid, polygonal, or other shapes. The shape types of the cross-sections of the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b can be the same or different.

[0083] The inner sidewall of the end face of the first acoustic section 12a is used to fix the acoustic sensor 13. The acoustic sensor 13 is a thin-film sensor. The acoustic sensor 13 can be configured as a miniature thin-film sensor chip. The acoustic sensor 13 can be a single element (i.e., a single thin-film sensor) or an array of elements (i.e., multiple thin-film sensors). An array of elements has a stronger ability to converge the sound field.

[0084] In this embodiment, both the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b have multiple cross-sections. The diameters of the cross-sections of the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b are variable. The end-face area of ​​the first acoustic section 12a can be larger than the end-face area of ​​the second acoustic section 12b; the end-face area of ​​the first acoustic section 12a can be smaller than the end-face area of ​​the second acoustic section 12b; or the end-face area of ​​the first acoustic section 12a can be equal to the end-face area of ​​the second acoustic section 12b. The end-face area of ​​the first acoustic section 12a refers to... Figure 1A , Figure 1B and Figure 1C In the middle, the area of ​​the uppermost end face of the upper acoustic structure 12. The end face area of ​​the second acoustic section 12b refers to... Figure 1A , Figure 1B and Figure 1C The area of ​​the lowest end face of the lower half of the acoustic structure 12 is considered. That is, the acoustic structure 12 can be a stepped variable cross-section structure (similar to an acoustic horn). The acoustic structure 12 can also be a gradually changing curved variable cross-section structure (similar to a vase). When the acoustic structure 12 described in the above embodiments is applied to the ultrasonic gas flow meter 100, it acts as an impedance transformer. The acoustic structure 12, with its variable cross-sectional area between the two acoustic sections, can gradually match the high impedance of the acoustic sensor 13 and the low impedance of the gas, allowing sound wave energy to couple more smoothly from the acoustic sensor 13 into the gas being tested, significantly increasing the intensity of both the emitted and received ultrasonic waves.

[0085] Please see Figure 2 In other embodiments of this application, the sound field adjustment device 10 includes an acoustic structure 12 and a fluid stabilizing structure 11. The acoustic structure 12 and the fluid stabilizing structure 11 can be integrally formed or fabricated separately and then assembled. The fluid stabilizing structure 11 is directly fixedly connected to the acoustic structure 12 (e.g., directly integrated together). The acoustic structure 12 includes a first acoustic section 12a and a second acoustic section 12b. The first acoustic section 12a can be understood as... Figure 2 The upper half of the acoustic structure 12 shown, the second acoustic section 12b can be understood as follows: Figure 2 The lower half of the acoustic structure 12 is shown. Both the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b have multiple cross-sections, and the diameters of the cross-sections of the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b are variable. A plane perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid being measured is called the first plane. The acoustic structure 12 has multiple cross-sections parallel to the first plane, and the diameters of the different cross-sections are variable. That is, the acoustic structure 12 can be configured such that all cross-sections have unequal diameters, or it can be configured such that only a limited number (e.g., 2, 3, 4, etc.) of cross-sections have equal diameters, while the diameters of the other cross-sections are unequal. The inner sidewall of the end face of the first acoustic section 12a is used to fix the acoustic sensor 13. The acoustic sensor 13 can be a miniature thin-film sensor chip. The acoustic sensor 13 can be a single element (i.e., a single thin-film sensor) or an array of elements (i.e., multiple thin-film sensors). An array of elements has a stronger ability to converge the sound field.

[0086] The fluid stabilization structure 11 includes a first stabilizing part 11a and a second stabilizing part 11b. The end face area of ​​the first stabilizing part 11a is smaller than the end face area of ​​the second stabilizing part 11b. The first stabilizing part 11a is located away from the acoustic structure 12. The second stabilizing part 11b is connected to the second acoustic part 12b. The end face area of ​​the second stabilizing part 11b is equal to the end face area of ​​the second acoustic part 12b, thus avoiding the formation of steps that disrupt the flow field and sound field.

[0087] On the one hand, the fluid stabilizing structure 11 and the acoustic structure 12 are directly fixedly connected (e.g., directly integrated together). In addition, the structural integration and functional synergy of the fluid stabilizing structure and / or the acoustic structure solve the core problems of flow field disturbance and low acoustic energy transmission efficiency in the measurement of ultrasonic gas flow meter 100 in a single and compact physical space. This provides an innovative and effective technical path for realizing an integrated gas flow meter with high precision, wide range and small volume.

[0088] For example, by using streamlined, tapered flow channels (such as Bezier curves) to smooth and stabilize the fluid, the increased axial length and potential flow separation zones caused by setting up independent buffer chambers can be avoided.

[0089] The acoustic structure 12 serves as the sensor's support and coupling component (the sensor is fixed to the inner wall of the end face), and its variable diameter design directly contributes to improving sound wave transmission / reception efficiency. The fluid stabilization structure 11 provides the optimal local flow field for this acoustic measurement point.

[0090] The fluid stabilizing structure 11 and the acoustic structure 12 are directly fixedly connected (e.g., directly integrated together) to achieve dual objectives: (1) stabilizing the flow field; (2) optimizing acoustic coupling and transmission, with the core being the synergistic improvement of acoustic measurement and flow field quality.

[0091] On the other hand, the end face area of ​​the first stabilizing part 11a is smaller than that of the second stabilizing part 11b, and the flow direction of the fluid to be measured is from the second stabilizing part 11b to the first stabilizing part 11a. Therefore, the fluid stabilization structure 11 is a gradually narrowing straight channel or a streamlined (curved) channel. The small end face area of ​​the first stabilizing part 11a means that it is a contraction section, which can effectively guide the flow of the fluid to be measured and smoothly guide the flow of the fluid to be measured, greatly suppressing the generation of eddies. Furthermore, in the contraction section, the velocity distribution of the fluid to be measured becomes flatter and more symmetrical (closer to ideal laminar flow), which makes the "path-average velocity" measured by the ultrasonic gas flow meter 100 more accurately reflect the "area-average velocity" of the fluid to be measured, reducing the error caused by the uneven velocity distribution of the fluid to be measured. In addition, the contraction section of the fluid stabilization structure 11 can reduce the entry of impurities into the acoustic sensor 13.

[0092] Furthermore, both the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b have multiple cross-sections. The diameters of the cross-sections of the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b are variable. The end face area of ​​the first acoustic section 12a can be larger than that of the second acoustic section 12b; the end face area of ​​the first acoustic section 12a can be smaller than that of the second acoustic section 12b; or the end face area of ​​the first acoustic section 12a can be equal to that of the second acoustic section 12b. That is, the acoustic structure 12 can be a stepped variable cross-section structure (similar to an acoustic horn). The acoustic structure 12 can be a curved, gradually changing cross-section structure (similar to a vase). When the acoustic structure 12 involved in the above embodiments is applied to the ultrasonic gas flow meter 100, it acts as an impedance transformer in acoustics. The acoustic structure 12, with its variable cross-sectional area of ​​the two acoustic parts, can gradually match the high impedance of the acoustic sensor 13 and the low impedance of the gas, allowing the sound wave energy to be coupled more smoothly from the acoustic sensor 13 to the gas to be tested, significantly increasing the intensity of the emitted ultrasonic wave and the intensity of the received ultrasonic wave.

[0093] Overall, the sound field adjustment device 10, which integrates the acoustic structure 12 and the fluid stabilization structure 11, achieves a synergistic effect greater than the sum of its parts. The acoustic structure 12 ensures clear hearing, while the fluid stabilization structure 11 ensures accurate flow; their combined efforts guarantee high-precision measurement. The design of the acoustic structure 12 with its variable cross-sectional area and the streamlined fluid stabilization structure 11 provides the through-beam ultrasonic gas flow meter 100 with improved measurement performance, fluid stability, and ease of installation. The variable cross-sectional area design of the acoustic structure 12 solves the problem of low energy transmission efficiency in gas measurement, significantly improving the signal-to-noise ratio and measurement reliability. The streamlined fluid stabilization structure 11 avoids or significantly reduces measurement errors caused by flow field disturbances and greatly reduces the requirements for straight pipe sections for installation.

[0094] In one embodiment, the acoustic structure 12 is a double-variable-diameter structure: the end-face areas of the first acoustic part 12a and the second acoustic part 12b are not equal; and the radius / side length of the end-face of the first acoustic part 12a is not equal (for example, the end-face of the first acoustic part 12a is an ellipse, a non-centrosymmetric polygon, etc.), and the radius / side length of the second acoustic part 12b is not equal (for example, the end-face of the second acoustic part 12b is an ellipse, a non-centrosymmetric polygon, etc.). For example, the end-face area of ​​the first acoustic part 12a is A1, the end-face area of ​​the second acoustic part 12b is B1, and A1 < B1; the end-face of the first acoustic part 12a has a major axis a1 and a minor axis b1, and the end-face of the second acoustic part 12b has a major axis a2 and a minor axis b2, where a1 ≠ a2, and b1 ≠ b2.

[0095] Please see Figure 3A , Figure 3B , Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C , Figure 5A , Figure 5B , Figure 5C The document provides cross-sectional views of eight different acoustic field adjustment devices 10. These cross-sectional views can be formed along any diameter of the acoustic structure 12 to the corresponding position of the fluid stabilizing structure 11. Figure 3A and Figure 3B In the diagram, the end face area of ​​the first acoustic section 12a is equal to the end face area of ​​the second acoustic section 12b. The line connecting the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b is a curve. Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C In this configuration, the end face area of ​​the first acoustic section 12a is smaller than the end face area of ​​the second acoustic section 12b. The line connecting the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b is either a straight line or a curve. Figure 5A , Figure 5B , Figure 5C In this configuration, the end face area of ​​the first acoustic section 12a is larger than the end face area of ​​the second acoustic section 12b. The line connecting the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b is either a straight line or a curve.

[0096] exist Figure 3A , Figure 3B , Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C , Figure 5A , Figure 5B , Figure 5C In the cross-section of the formed sound field adjustment device 10, the line connecting the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b is a straight line or a curve. The line connecting the first stabilizing section 11a and the second stabilizing section 11b is also a straight line or a curve. The accompanying drawings of this application only show cross-sectional views of eight different structures of the sound field adjustment device 10. In practical applications, the cross-sectional views of the sound field adjustment device 10 may include other configurations.

[0097] In this embodiment, the line connecting the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b can also be understood as the side of the acoustic structure 12 in the cross-section or section of the sound field adjustment device 10. The line connecting the first stabilizing section 11a and the second stabilizing section 11b can also be understood as the side of the fluid stabilizing structure 11 in the cross-section or section of the sound field adjustment device 10.

[0098] like Figure 4A As shown, the lines connecting the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b, as well as the lines connecting the first stabilizing section 11a and the second stabilizing section 11b, are all straight lines. This makes the manufacturing process simple, the cost low, and the production easy to implement and standardize. Furthermore, it offers significant improvements over traditional right-angle acoustic structures (without fluid stabilization structures), making it a cost-effective design.

[0099] The lines connecting the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b, as well as the lines connecting the first stabilizing section 11a and the second stabilizing section 11b, are all curves (e.g., Figure 3A , Figure 3B , Figure 4C , Figure 5B , Figure 5C As shown (e.g.), exponential curves, hyperbolic curves, Bézier curves, and polynomial curves can serve as ideal acoustic impedance transducers, achieving optimal acoustic energy transmission and maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio. The streamlined curve design of the fluid stabilization structure 11 can minimize flow separation and eddy current generation, achieving minimal pressure loss and optimal flow field stability. Furthermore, this embodiment offers a high degree of design freedom, such as... Figure 2 , Figure 3A , Figure 3B , Figure 4A , Figure 4B, Figure 4C , Figure 5A , Figure 5B , Figure 5C All of the sound field adjustment devices 10 shown can be applied. The structure of the sound field adjustment device 10 allows engineers to select the most suitable profile based on a trade-off between performance, cost, and manufacturing process.

[0100] In one embodiment, the end face area of ​​the first acoustic section 12a is less than or equal to the end face area of ​​the second acoustic section 12b. The line connecting the first stabilizing section 11a and the second stabilizing section 11b is a Bézier curve.

[0101] In this embodiment, the acoustic structure 12 is an expanded structure (with an acoustic sensor 13 at the small end and a second stabilizing part 11b connected to the large end), and the acoustic structure 12 is a gradually increasing acoustic horn. Its main advantage is that it can better match impedance, couple the mechanical vibration on the acoustic sensor 13 to the fluid under test more efficiently, significantly improve the emission efficiency of ultrasonic waves, and is particularly beneficial for driving larger pipe cross-sections.

[0102] The line connecting the first stabilizing part 11a and the second stabilizing part 11b is a Bézier curve, meaning the surface of the fluid stabilizing structure 11 is a smooth, continuous, and streamlined surface without abrupt changes. This shape of the fluid stabilizing structure 11 ensures that the gas flows closely to the wall, almost completely eliminating flow separation and eddies. The Bézier curve connecting the first stabilizing part 11a and the second stabilizing part 11b further reduces flow resistance, minimizes pressure loss, and optimizes flow field stability. This directly translates to higher measurement accuracy and lower energy consumption in the ultrasonic gas flow meter 100.

[0103] In one embodiment, the line connecting the first acoustic section 12a and the second acoustic section 12b is a Bézier curve. Furthermore, the change process from the first stabilizing section 11a to the second stabilizing section 11b is consistent with the change process from the first acoustic section 12a to the second acoustic section 12b.

[0104] In this embodiment, the acoustic structure 12 and the fluid stabilizing structure 11 change in the same way (the Bezier curve changes in a consistent trend). The propagation path of the sound wave and the flow path of the fluid follow the same change law, which means that when the sound wave passes through the sound field adjustment device 10, the change in the medium it experiences is synchronized with the change in the flow of the fluid. Theoretically, this can reduce the sound wave scattering and reflection caused by abrupt changes in the interface.

[0105] From a manufacturing process perspective, the acoustic structure 12 and the fluid stabilization structure 11 change in the same way (the Bezier curve changes in a consistent trend), which is easier to achieve in manufacturing processes (such as 3D printing and precision casting), improves the consistency and reliability of production, and also ensures the integrity of the sound field adjustment device 10 structure.

[0106] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5A As shown, the line connecting the first stabilizing part 11a and the second stabilizing part 11b is a curve, and the line connecting the first acoustic part 12a and the second acoustic part 12b is a straight line. Furthermore, the end face area of ​​the first acoustic part 12a is larger than the end face area of ​​the second acoustic part 12b. In the cross-section of the sound field adjustment device 10, the rate of change of the first acoustic part 12a pointing towards the second acoustic part 12b is almost equal to the rate of change of the first stabilizing part 11a pointing towards the second stabilizing part 11b.

[0107] In this embodiment, the acoustic structure 12 is a contracted structure (with an acoustic sensor 13 at the large end and a second stabilizing part 11b connected to the small end), which is used to concentrate sound energy onto a smaller area, increasing the sound intensity (sound power density) per unit area. This makes the emitted sound wave energy more concentrated and more directional, which may help penetrate dirty gases with severe signal attenuation. In addition, both the acoustic structure 12 and the fluid stabilizing structure 11 have straight contours, and their rates of change are equal, which can reduce the difficulty of processing and manufacturing and lower production costs.

[0108] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the extension height H of the fluid stabilizing structure 11 is less than 2.5cm (greater than 0). For example, the extension height H of the fluid stabilizing structure 11 can be set to 2.3cm, 2.1cm, 2.0cm, 1.9cm, 1.8cm, 1.6cm, 1.5cm, 1.3cm, 1.0cm, 0.9cm, etc. The radius r at the joint between the acoustic structure 12 and the fluid stabilizing structure 11 is less than 1.5cm (greater than 0). For example, the radius r at the joint between the acoustic structure 12 and the fluid stabilizing structure 11 can be set to 1.5cm, 1.3cm, 1.0cm, 0.9cm, 0.7cm, 0.6cm, 0.5cm, 0.4cm, 0.3cm, etc.

[0109] Traditional flow meter sensor mounts or pipe sections with rectification functions are often quite long (i.e., the extended height H here), resulting in a long axial distance between the two opposing sensors. This not only increases the overall size and weight of the flow meter, but more importantly, in many sites with limited installation space (such as densely piped factory areas), there is simply not a long enough straight pipe section for installation.

[0110] In this embodiment, the extension height H of the fluid stabilizing structure 11 is limited to within 2.5 cm. This means that the sound field adjustment device 10, which integrates acoustic and rectification functions, is an extremely thin device that can be installed in the extremely limited space between pipe flanges, or it can be installed in the rectification device 30. Limiting the extension height H of the fluid stabilizing structure 11 to within 2.5 cm allows the high-performance through-beam ultrasonic gas flow meter 100 to be made compact or even clamp-on, greatly expanding its application scenarios and enabling it to enter fields that were previously inaccessible due to space limitations.

[0111] Traditional flowmeters have a significant angle at the connection between the acoustic structure and the pipe body, which can cause severe flow separation (turbulence), form a huge vortex region, and completely destroy the flow field.

[0112] In this embodiment, the radius r at the joint between the acoustic structure 12 and the fluid stabilizing structure 11 is less than 1.5 cm, so that the joint between the acoustic structure 12 and the fluid stabilizing structure 11 can guide the fluid more smoothly, avoid separation, and effectively suppress the generation of eddies.

[0113] In one embodiment, the shape of the end face of the first acoustic part 12a and the shape of the end face of the first stabilizing part 11a include at least one of a circle, an ellipse, and a polygon. The shape of the connecting surface between the second stabilizing part 11b and the second acoustic part 12b includes at least one of a circle, an ellipse, and a polygon.

[0114] It is understood that the shape of the end face of the first acoustic section 12a includes at least one of a circle, an ellipse, and a rectangle. The shape of the end face of the first stabilizing section 11a includes at least one of a circle, an ellipse, and a rectangle. In one embodiment, both the acoustic structure 12 and the fluid stabilizing structure 11 can be designed as a reducing pipe. The radial cross-section of the reducing pipe includes at least one of a polygon, a circle, or an ellipse. For example, when the reducing pipe is a prismatic pipe, its radial cross-section is a polygon; as another example, when the reducing pipe is a conical or frustum-shaped pipe, its radial cross-section is a circle.

[0115] In this embodiment, the acoustic structure 12 and the fluid stabilization structure 11 have a tapered cross-section passing through the central axis of both structures. The generatrices of the tapered cross-section are composed of at least one of straight lines, curves, and broken lines. Specifically: the two generatrices of the tapered cross-section can be straight lines; the two generatrices of the tapered cross-section can be curves, including but not limited to circular arcs, elliptical arcs, etc.; the two generatrices of the tapered cross-section can also be broken lines; each generatrice of the tapered cross-section can also be composed of both straight lines and curves, with one end of the straight line and one end of the curve connected; the two generatrices of the tapered cross-section have different line types, for example, one generatrice is a straight line while the other generatrice is a curve.

[0116] Please see Figure 6 This application provides an ultrasonic gas flow meter 100, including: a sound field adjustment device 10 (including an acoustic sensor 13), a rectifier 30, and a test pipe 40. Figure 6 The sound field adjustment device 10 shown includes an acoustic structure 12, a fluid stabilization structure 11, and an acoustic sensor 13. In other embodiments of this application, the sound field adjustment device 10 may include the acoustic structure 12 and the acoustic sensor 13.

[0117] The test pipe 40 provides a flow path for the fluid to be tested. The shape of the test pipe 40 is variable; it can be a cylindrical pipe, a cuboid pipe, or other regular / irregular pipes. The dimensions of the test pipe 40 can also vary depending on the actual application scenario. Furthermore, the inner diameter of the test pipe 40 is variable. For example, the test pipe 40 may include a first pipe section with a first diameter, a second pipe section with a changing diameter, and a third pipe section with a second diameter, wherein the end face diameter of one end of the second pipe section is equal to the first diameter, and the end face diameter of the other end of the second pipe section is equal to the second diameter. In an embodiment where the inner diameter of the test pipe 40 is variable, two sensors are respectively disposed on the first and second pipe sections, and the two sensors can form an opposing beam. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 7 A rectifier 30 is disposed on the test pipe 40. The rectifier 30 can be movably mounted on the test pipe 40. Alternatively, the rectifier 30 can be fixedly disposed on the test pipe 40. The sound field adjustment device 10 is any of the sound field adjustment devices 10 described in the above embodiments, and the first stabilizing part 11a is directly connected to the rectifier 30. An acoustic sensor 13 is disposed on the inner sidewall of the end face of the first acoustic part 12a. The acoustic sensor 13 is a thin-film sensor, rather than a blocky ceramic element made of materials such as lead zirconate titanate.

[0118] The sound field adjustment device 10, acoustic sensor 13, rectifier 30, and test pipe 40 can be pre-integrated. Users do not need to separately install and calibrate complex rectifiers, sensor mounts, and sensors on-site. Furthermore, there are various ways to install the acoustic sensor 13 onto the sound field adjustment device 10, the sound field adjustment device 10 onto the rectifier 30, and the rectifier 30 onto the test pipe 40 (e.g., snap-fit, adhesive, etc.), simplifying the installation process. When the sound field adjustment device 10 is installed on the rectifier 30, the fluid to be measured flows from the acoustic structure 12 to the fluid stabilization structure 11. In some embodiments, the acoustic sensor 13 is directly incident, and the sound field adjustment device 10 can be applied to a through-beam ultrasonic gas flow meter 100. In other embodiments, the acoustic sensor 13 is obliquely incident, and the sound field adjustment device 10 can be applied to a reflective ultrasonic gas flow meter 100.

[0119] In this embodiment, the ultrasonic gas flow meter 100 creates a two-stage rectification system: First-stage rectification (local rectification by the sound field adjustment device 10, composed of the acoustic structure 12 and the fluid stabilization structure 11): The fluid to be tested enters the streamlined channel (such as the contraction section of a Bezier curve) of the fluid stabilization structure 11 through the acoustic structure 12. The sound field adjustment device 10 can perform refined local rectification of the flow field, ensuring that the fluid to be tested is not disturbed by any airflow during acoustic measurement, achieving a near-ideal laminar flow stability. Second-stage rectification (global rectification by the rectification device 30): The rectification device 30 (such as...) Figure 7 , Figures 10-14 The device shown (which could be a perforated plate or a honeycomb structure) rectifies the chaotic flow field from upstream of the test pipe 40, breaking up large-scale eddies and vortices, and making the airflow more uniform. In this embodiment, through the dual guarantee mechanism of local and global rectification, the influence of flow field disturbances on the measurement is completely eliminated, providing a near-perfect fluid environment for ultrasonic measurement. The ultrasonic gas flow meter 100 involved in this embodiment is a gas flow measurement system with extremely high accuracy, high reliability, and extremely simple installation.

[0120] Please see Figure 8 In one embodiment, the rectifier 30 includes a rectifier body 31 and a rectifier channel 32. In one embodiment, the rectifier channel 32 is formed by spaced-apart fins in a hollowed-out area of ​​the rectifier body 31. In one embodiment, the rectifier channel 32 is formed by opening through holes in the rectifier body 31. In one embodiment, the rectifier channel 32 is formed by spaced-apart guide tubes in the rectifier body 31.

[0121] The rectifier body 31 provides a support frame, and the sound field adjustment device 10 is connected to the rectifier body 31. The rectifier channel 32 is formed in the rectifier body 31 to provide a specific flow channel for the fluid to be tested.

[0122] In this embodiment, the rectifier body 31 serves as a robust support frame, not only forming the rectification channel but also connecting to the sound field adjustment device 10. The connection between the sound field adjustment device 10 and the rectifier body 31 (preferably integrally formed) means that the rectified flow field can smoothly and undisturbedly enter the acoustic measurement area, avoiding the risk of new eddies generated due to spatial gaps after the fluid leaves the rectifier, as is common in traditional split designs. This ensures that the rectification effect is not disrupted by subsequent flow.

[0123] Please see Figure 9 In one embodiment, the sidewalls of the acoustic structure 12 and / or the sidewalls of the fluid stabilizing structure 11 are in contact with the rectifying body 31. The thickness of the rectifying body 31 is L, the thickness of the acoustic structure 12 is L1, the thickness of the fluid stabilizing structure 11 is L2, and L1+L2≥L.

[0124] Specifically, the overall thickness of the acoustic structure 12 and the fluid stabilizing structure 11 can be the same as the overall thickness of the rectifying body 31; the overall thickness of the acoustic structure 12 and the fluid stabilizing structure 11 can be greater than the overall thickness of the rectifying body 31. The inlet of the acoustic structure 12 can be on the same plane as the rectifying body 31, or it can be on a different plane. The outlet of the fluid stabilizing structure 11 can be on the same plane as the rectifying body 31, or it can be on a different plane.

[0125] The thickness L1 of the acoustic structure 12 can be equal to or different from the thickness L2 of the fluid-stabilizing structure 11. For example... Figure 9 As shown, the acoustic structure 12 and the fluid stabilizing structure 11 can be combined in various ways to adapt to different pipe types. In one embodiment, as... Figure 9 As shown in (a) above, L = L2. In one embodiment, as... Figure 9 As shown in (c) in the figure, L=L1. In one embodiment, as... Figure 9 As shown in (b) above, L = L1 + L2. In one embodiment, as... Figure 9 As shown in (d), (e), and (f), L < L1 + L2.

[0126] In this embodiment, the sound field adjustment device 10 can balance the structural designs of the acoustic structure 12 and the fluid stabilizing structure 11 according to specific design objectives. In the designs of L = L1, L = L2, and L < L1 + L2, the acoustic structure 12 and the fluid stabilizing structure 11 do not have to be completely nested within the thickness space of the rectifying body 31. They can "protrude". (1) If the design objective is extreme compactness (for example, for an installation environment with extremely limited space), the scheme of L = L1 + L2 can be selected. This means that the three components are completely aligned axially, and the axial length of the overall device is the shortest, achieving the minimization of volume. Reduce size. (2) If the design objective is extreme acoustic performance, the scheme of L < L1 + L2 can be selected. The thickness L1 of the acoustic structure 12 can be made larger, which is equivalent to allocating the overall thickness budget to the acoustic structure 12. The cone angle of the acoustic structure 12 (horn) can be gentler (i.e., the height of L1 is higher), so as to achieve better acoustic impedance matching, significantly improve the acoustic wave transmission efficiency, and obtain a stronger signal. (3) If the design objective is a stable fluid environment, the scheme of L < L1 + L2 can be selected. The thickness L2 of the fluid stabilizing structure 11 can be made larger, which is equivalent to allocating the overall thickness budget to the fluid stabilizing structure 11. The flow channel of the fluid stabilizing structure 11 can be longer, guiding the fluid to make a more sufficient and smoother transition, with better rectifying effect and a more stable flow field. (4) If the design objective is to block oil stains, etc., by making the inlet end face of the acoustic structure 12 not in the same plane as the end face of the rectifying body 31 (for example, the acoustic structure 12 protrudes or recesses into the rectifying body), the end face of the rectifying body 31 forms a protective flange or step. This flange or step can physically block larger particulate matters, condensate droplets or oil stains from directly hitting the precise acoustic sensor mounting surface (the end face of the acoustic structure 12), reducing the risk of sensor damage caused by misoperation.

[0127] As Figure 9 shown in the sectional view of the sound field adjustment device 10 and the rectifying device 30, it can be flexibly applied to different pipe connection methods (such as flange standards, threaded interfaces), and has different adaptation situations for the installation space and structure of the flowmeter end face. Based on a general rectifying body 31, by matching acoustic structures 12 and fluid stabilizing structures 11 with different lengths, flowmeter models applicable to different accuracy grades, different ranges, and different gas media can be quickly derived, greatly enriching the product line and reducing the development and mold costs.

[0128] As Figure 9 shown in the embodiment, the acoustic structure 12 adopts a structural form in which the end face area of the first acoustic part 12a is larger than the end face area of the second acoustic part 12b, and the connection line between the first acoustic part 12a and the second acoustic part 12b is a curve. Figure 9In the fluid stabilization structure 11, the end face area of ​​the first stabilizing part 11a is smaller than the end face area of ​​the second stabilizing part 11b. Figure 9 In (a), (b), and (c), the line connecting the first stabilizing part 11a and the second stabilizing part 11b is a straight line. Figure 9 In (d), (e), and (f), the line connecting the first stabilizing part 11a and the second stabilizing part 11b is a curved structure. Figure 2 , Figure 3A , Figure 3B , Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C , Figure 5A , Figure 5B , Figure 5C Any of the structural forms, or other structural forms involved in any embodiment of this application.

[0129] This application also provides an integrated ultrasonic gas flow meter 100, comprising: two sound field adjustment devices 10 as described in any of the above embodiments, two acoustic sensors 13, two rectifiers 30, and a test pipe 40. The test pipe 40 includes a pipe inlet and a pipe outlet, providing a flow path for the fluid to be tested. The two rectifiers 30 are respectively disposed at the pipe inlet and the pipe outlet. The two sound field adjustment devices 10 are respectively connected to the two rectifiers 30, and the rectifier 30 located at the pipe inlet is integrally formed with the sound field adjustment device 10. The rectifier 30 located at the pipe outlet is integrally formed with the sound field adjustment device 10. The two acoustic sensors 13 are respectively disposed at the inlets of the two sound field adjustment devices 10 for the fluid to be tested.

[0130] The integrated ultrasonic gas flow meter 100 provided in this embodiment can be customized to match the dimensions of the pipe to be installed, achieving a large acoustic gain on the measurement plane while considering the directivity of both the major and minor axes for maximum convergence. In this embodiment, by integrating the dual rectifier and dual acoustic field adjustment devices into a single, through-beam test pipe, a synergistic effect of "1+1+1>3" is achieved. The integrated ultrasonic gas flow meter 100 is not simply a stack of components, but a system-level optimized solution: the system possesses a perfect flow field and high-quality acoustic signal, greatly improving test accuracy; the system has a rigid, leak-free, one-piece structure with excellent stability and strong anti-interference capabilities, ensuring that test accuracy does not drift arbitrarily; the system has extremely low requirements for upstream and downstream straight pipe sections, offering excellent installation adaptability, high safety, and a very low probability of leakage.

[0131] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 The five figures are side views of one side of the ultrasonic gas flow meter 100 provided in five different embodiments of this application. The side views of the ultrasonic gas flow meter 100 show that the sound field adjustment device 10 is installed on the rectifier 30 (it can be an integrated installation, or the rectifier 30 and the sound field adjustment device 10 can be manufactured separately and then installed); the rectifier 30 is installed on the test pipe 40 (it can be a fixed installation or a detachable installation).

[0132] In one embodiment, the acoustic sensor 13 employs a micro-machined ultrasonic transducer (MUT). More specifically, the acoustic sensor 13 is selected from any one of PMUT (driven by piezoelectric effect), CMUT (driven by electrostatic force), and AMUT (driven by piezoelectric bending). The acoustic sensor 13 involved in this application is a thin-film sensor (i.e., an acoustic sensor formed by depositing or coating an extremely thin layer of any of the above-mentioned MUT, PMUT, CMUT, and AMUT on a substrate), rather than a bulk ceramic element made of materials such as lead zirconate titanate.

[0133] In one embodiment, the housing of the ultrasonic gas flow meter 100 involved in this application may be selected from rigid plastics (PVC, PE) and / or metals (steel, cast iron, copper), and may also be selected from high-performance engineering plastics, such as polysulfone (PSU), polyethersulfone (PES), polyphenylene sulfone (PPSU), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), etc.

[0134] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0135] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of this application, used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. The protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features, within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application. All should be covered within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A sound field adjustment device, applied to a through-beam ultrasonic gas flow meter, characterized in that, include: Acoustic sensors, acoustic structures, and fluid stabilization structures; The acoustic sensor is a thin-film sensor; The acoustic structure includes a first acoustic section and a second acoustic section; the first acoustic section is an acoustic inlet, and the inner sidewall of the end face of the first acoustic section away from the second acoustic section is used to fix the acoustic sensor; the second acoustic section is an acoustic outlet. The fluid stabilizing structure is directly and fixedly connected to the acoustic structure; The fluid stabilization structure includes a first stabilizing part and a second stabilizing part; the end face area of ​​the first stabilizing part away from the second stabilizing part is smaller than the end face area of ​​the second stabilizing part away from the first stabilizing part; the first stabilizing part is away from the acoustic structure; the second stabilizing part is connected to the second acoustic part; the end face area of ​​the second stabilizing part away from the first stabilizing part is equal to the end face area of ​​the second acoustic part away from the first acoustic part.

2. The sound field adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first acoustic section and the second acoustic section have multiple cross-sections, and satisfy the following: (1) the diameter of the cross-section of the end face of the first acoustic section away from the second acoustic section is equal to the diameter of the cross-section of the end face of the second acoustic section away from the first acoustic section, and the slope of the tangent at the connection between the first acoustic section and the second acoustic section changes between positive and negative; or, (2) The diameter of the tangent of the end face of the first acoustic part away from the second acoustic part is not equal to the diameter of the tangent of the end face of the second acoustic part away from the first acoustic part, and the tangent slope of the connection between the first acoustic part and the second acoustic part has positive and negative changes, the tangent slope is a non-zero constant value, the tangent slope is a change value greater than zero, and the tangent slope is a change value less than zero.

3. The sound field adjustment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the cross-section of the sound field adjustment device, the line connecting the first acoustic part and the second acoustic part is a straight line or a curve; the line connecting the first stabilizing part and the second stabilizing part is a straight line or a curve.

4. The sound field adjustment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end face area of ​​the first acoustic part away from the second acoustic part is less than or equal to the end face area of ​​the second acoustic part away from the first acoustic part; The line connecting the first stabilizing part and the second stabilizing part is a Bézier curve.

5. The sound field adjustment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The line connecting the first acoustic section and the second acoustic section is a Bézier curve; and the change process of the tangent slope at the connection between the first stable section and the second stable section is consistent with the change process of the tangent slope at the connection between the first acoustic section and the second acoustic section.

6. The sound field adjustment device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The line connecting the first stabilizing part and the second stabilizing part, and the line connecting the first acoustic part and the second acoustic part, are both straight lines; Furthermore, the end face area of ​​the first acoustic part that is farther away from the second acoustic part is larger than the end face area of ​​the second acoustic part that is farther away from the first acoustic part. In the cross-section of the sound field adjustment device, the rate of change of the first acoustic section pointing towards the second acoustic section is equal to the rate of change of the first stabilizing section pointing towards the second stabilizing section.

7. The sound field adjustment device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The extension height H of the fluid stabilizing structure is less than 2.5 cm. The radius r at the junction of the acoustic structure and the fluid stabilizing structure is less than 1.5 cm.

8. The sound field adjustment device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The shape of the end face of the first acoustic part away from the second acoustic part and the shape of the end face of the first stabilizing part away from the second stabilizing part include at least one of a circle, an ellipse, and a polygon; The shape of the connection surface between the second stabilizing part and the second acoustic part includes at least one of a circle, an ellipse, and a polygon.

9. An ultrasonic gas flow meter, characterized in that, include: Test piping is used to provide a flow path for the fluid to be tested. A rectifier is installed in the test pipeline; The sound field adjustment device as described in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the first stabilizing part is connected to the rectifier; and, An acoustic sensor is disposed on the inner sidewall of the end face of the first acoustic part away from the second acoustic part.

10. The ultrasonic gas flow meter according to claim 9, characterized in that, The rectifier includes: A rectifier body for providing a support frame, the sound field adjustment device being connected to the rectifier body; and... A rectifier channel, located in the rectifier body, is used to provide a specific flow channel for the fluid to be tested.

11. The ultrasonic gas flow meter according to claim 10, characterized in that, The sidewalls of the acoustic structure and / or the sidewalls of the fluid stabilizing structure are in contact with the rectifying body; The thickness of the rectifier body is L, the thickness of the acoustic structure is L1, the thickness of the fluid stabilizing structure is L2, and L1+L2≥L.

12. The ultrasonic gas flow meter according to any one of claims 9-11, characterized in that, The acoustic sensor is selected from any one of PMUT, CMUT, and AMUT.

13. An integrated ultrasonic gas flow meter, characterized in that, include: The test pipeline, including the pipeline inlet and the pipeline outlet, is used to provide a flow path for the fluid to be tested; Two rectifiers are respectively installed at the inlet and outlet of the pipe; Two sound field adjustment devices as described in any one of claims 1-8 are respectively connected to the two rectifiers, and the rectifier located at the inlet of the pipe is integrally formed with the sound field adjustment device; the rectifier located at the outlet of the pipe is integrally formed with the sound field adjustment device.

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