Arc discharge device for triggering battery failure and test method

Abstract

The invention discloses an arcing device for triggering battery failure and a test method, and the device comprises a test environment chamber, an arcing tip which is used for an arcing test and can movably adjust a test position, an AC / DC power supply which provides adjustable voltage for arcing, an AC / DC load connected to a test loop, and a data collection and analysis device. The data acquisition and analysis device comprises an in-cabin air pressure detection sensor, thermocouples for detecting temperatures inside the test environment cabin and at different positions of a tested battery, a probe for acquiring arcing voltage and current, an oscilloscope connected with the probe, a flue gas sensor for detecting in-cabin atmosphere components and concentration, and a flue gas analyzer connected with the flue gas sensor; the high-speed thermal infrared imager is used for dynamically tracking a millisecond-level temperature field in an arc discharge area in the cabin and capturing an arc discharge and air injection form in a millisecond level; and the test environment cabin is provided with an air inlet / outlet and a voltage acquisition port. The arc discharge device for multi-scene and multi-working-condition application exploration is formed, and the problems confronted by actual scenes can be better solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electrical safety testing of electrochemical cells, in particular to an arc ignition device for triggering cell failure and a testing method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, there have been a large number of thermal runaway accidents of energy storage batteries worldwide. According to incomplete statistics, more than 130 accidents have occurred by August 2025. Not only does this seriously restrict the large-scale promotion and application of lithium-ion batteries in electrochemical energy storage power stations, but also poses a great threat to people's life and property safety. From the depth analysis of the accident causes, the "arc phenomenon leading to accident escalation" situation has occurred in many energy storage accidents. Because the arc process can produce an extreme high temperature of 6000 K, at this temperature, the materials of the various components inside the battery will react violently or melt, not only intensifying the reaction intensity of the single cell and increasing the amount of electrolyte gasification, but also causing more serious thermal diffusion risks. In the current mainstream research methods and equipment, thermal runaway triggering tests are mainly focused on relatively mild methods such as heating and overcharging. Even if a needle test is used, it only achieves short-term energy release by forming an internal short circuit, and cannot effectively simulate the thermal runaway process and intensity caused by the arc phenomenon.

[0003] There are few existing devices and methods that can perform arc tests. The main testing devices are only for simple "needle-against-needle" arc or arc generation devices, and cannot well solve the effects of temperature, humidity, electrolyte, and particulate matter on them. Temperature, humidity, electrolyte, and particulate matter can all affect the arc phenomenon, but existing devices cannot fully consider these factors, resulting in a significant reduction in the accuracy and reliability of test results. At the same time, most of the current test methods are simple breakdown tests on batteries or electrolytes, which cannot better fit the actual "micro-arc" to explore the failure inside the battery. In actual energy storage systems, the micro-arc phenomenon can trigger a series of complex physical and chemical reactions inside the battery, and existing test methods cannot effectively simulate and study these processes, so people have little understanding of the tolerance and failure mechanism of the battery under the micro-arc condition.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop arc-related testing methods and devices to provide a unified technical basis for battery arc risk verification, especially to develop a multi-scenario, multi-condition arc device to test the battery arc threshold and tolerance under different environments. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the deficiencies and shortcomings of the prior art and provide an arc ignition device for triggering cell failure and a testing method.

[0006] The present application provides a kind of arc device that triggers battery failure, comprising test environment cabin, movable adjusting test position for arc test, AC / DC power supply for providing adjustable voltage for arc, AC / DC load connected to test loop and data acquisition and analysis device, the data acquisition and analysis device includes cabin pressure detection sensor, thermocouple for detecting temperature inside test environment cabin and different positions of the battery to be tested, voltage probe for collecting arc voltage and arc current, current probe, oscilloscope connected to the current probe and voltage probe, smoke sensor for detecting cabin atmosphere composition and concentration, smoke analyzer connected to the smoke sensor, high-speed infrared thermal imager for dynamic tracking of millisecond temperature field in arc area in cabin and millisecond capture of arc and jet shape, the test environment cabin is provided with inlet and outlet exhaust port for vacuumizing, mixed atmosphere replacement with different gas concentration and / or humidity, with voltage collection port, and real-time voltage between positive and negative poles of the battery is detected by introducing voltage sensor.

[0007] Preferably, the test environment cabin includes square test environment cabin and pear-shaped test environment cabin.

[0008] Preferably, the arc tip includes moving electrode and fixed electrode, the moving electrode is installed on electrode moving mechanism, the electrode moving mechanism includes lead screw and step motor for driving rotation of the lead screw, the lead screw is connected with moving bracket, electrode tooling is arranged at the top end of the moving bracket, and the moving electrode is arranged on the moving electrode tooling.

[0009] Preferably, the arc tip includes two moving electrodes, the two moving electrodes are installed on linear moving mechanism, the linear moving mechanism includes lead screw and step motor for driving rotation of the lead screw, two moving brackets are arranged on the lead screw, and the two moving electrodes are installed on the moving brackets.

[0010] Preferably, the electrode tooling is arranged inside or outside the square test environment cabin, when the electrode tooling is arranged outside the square test environment cabin, electrode interface is arranged on the cabin wall of the square test environment cabin for extension of the arc tip.

[0011] Preferably, when the test environment cabin is square test environment cabin, voltage extrusion pre-tightening device is arranged in the test environment cabin, the battery extrusion pre-tightening device includes two battery extrusion plates driven by high-precision servo driving unit, the two battery extrusion plates are arranged oppositely for extruding test battery.

[0012] Preferably, pressure sensor is arranged on the outer side of at least one battery extrusion plate to detect extrusion force.

[0013] Preferably, the test environment cabin is a pear-shaped test environment cabin, the electrode tool is arranged outside the pear-shaped test environment cabin, an electrode interface is arranged on the pear-shaped cabin, and the arc striking tip extends into the test environment cabin through the electrode interface for testing.

[0014] Preferably, the flue gas sensor is a multi-in-one flue gas sensor, which can detect H2, CO, CO2, CH4, SO2, H2S and PM2.5 in different ranges at a preset sampling frequency, and can simultaneously set a component concentration threshold value, prewarn and alarm.

[0015] The present application also provides a battery failure triggering arc test method, which is performed according to the battery failure triggering arc device, and includes the following steps: Placing the battery to be tested in the environment cabin; Adjusting the temperature, pressure and humidity in the environment cabin according to the test scene parameters, injecting a mixed gas with a preset different component ratio to form a required test atmosphere scene; Starting the arc test after the detected airflow in the environment cabin is stable; After the test in one test scene is completed, converting the test atmosphere scene according to other test scene parameters to perform the test; Repeating the above steps to perform different arc tests on the battery under different test scenes; Determining the influence and damage of the arc on the battery in different environments according to the collected test results; Preferably, the method further includes: Giving different degrees of arc test to the grouped batteries respectively, performing characterization test on the batteries after the test, and observing the influence of different arcs on the battery material, the influence of different arcs on the battery pole and the influence of different arcs on the safety of the battery; Dividing the batteries into three stages of no arc, micro-arc and arc according to the arc starting state, and exploring the critical values of the no arc, micro-arc and arc stages through multiple cycle tests; The characterization test includes CT, ultrasonic in-situ test, and / or disassembly non-in-situ test and performance calibration, including internal resistance test and capacity calibration.

[0016] The arc device and test method of the present application are based on the basic requirements of arc test, construct a multi-environment coupling experimental cabin of "temperature-humidity-gas-pressure-dust", increase the synchronous detection modules of "electricity, heat, force and gas", form an arc device for multi-scene and multi-working condition application exploration, solve the technical bottleneck of the existing equipment in exploring the arc mechanism and influence in the actual complex scene, better approach the problems faced in the actual scene, provide a standardized test platform for arc research of liquid, solid-liquid and solid batteries, and explore the boundary threshold of the battery tolerance to "micro-arc" in different environments and perform "micro-arc" damage exploration test. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-drawing device of the present invention that does not trigger battery failure in the test environment chamber.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arcing device for triggering battery failure using a square test environment chamber, as described in this invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-drawing device for triggering battery failure using a pear-shaped test environment chamber according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-pulling device that triggers battery failure in the square test environment chamber pressure compression pre-tightening device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0022] See Figures 1 to 4 As shown in the exemplary embodiment of this application, the arcing device for triggering battery failure includes a test environment chamber 100, an arcing tip 1 with a movable and adjustable test position for arcing testing, an AC / DC power supply 6 providing adjustable voltage for arcing, an AC / DC load 7 connected to the test circuit, and a data acquisition and analysis device. The data acquisition and analysis device includes an in-chamber air pressure detection sensor 16, thermocouples 17 (which may be multiple, used to detect the temperature inside the test environment chamber and at different locations of the battery under test), a voltage probe and a current probe for acquiring arcing voltage and arcing current, an oscilloscope 14 connected to the current probe and the voltage probe, and an in-chamber... The test environment chamber includes a flue gas sensor 3 for detecting atmospheric composition and concentration, a flue gas analyzer 2 connected to the flue gas sensor, a high-speed infrared thermal imager 5 for millisecond-level dynamic tracking of the arcing area in the chamber and millisecond-level capture of arcing and jet patterns, and an inlet and outlet exhaust port 15 for vacuuming, replacement of mixed atmospheres with different gas concentrations and / or humidity, and a voltage acquisition port (not shown). A voltage sensor is introduced to detect the real-time voltage between the positive and negative terminals of the battery. The arcing tip is connected to the AC / DC current of the power line. A Hall sensor 8 is located on the power line to detect the current magnitude in the power line. The voltage probe and the current probe are connected to the arcing tip to collect voltage and current information for display on an oscilloscope.

[0023] The inlet and outlet ports can be connected to an external vacuum pump or gas cylinder.

[0024] In the present application, the cabin air pressure detection sensor has a range of ±200kN and a sampling frequency of 1kHz, and can synchronously capture normal / tangential force component fluctuations to provide data support for analyzing the solid-solid interface friction characteristics of the battery. In some embodiments, the flue gas sensor is a multi-in-one flue gas sensor that can detect H2, CO, CO2, CH4, SO2, H2S, and PM2.5 at different ranges under a preset sampling frequency, with ranges of 0-10%, 0-100%, 0-100%, 0-5%, 0-100ppm, 0-20ppm, and 0-100% respectively, and can synchronously set component concentration thresholds, prewarn and alarm, and communicate with the arc drawing device for joint debugging and control.

[0025] In the present application, the high-speed infrared thermal imager is located in front of the arc drawing position, has a frame frequency of 100Hz and a resolution of 0.5mm, can realize millisecond-level dynamic tracking of the temperature field in the arc drawing area, has a local hot spot positioning accuracy of 1mm2, and can capture the arc drawing and jetting forms in milliseconds. It can collect data through the connected probe 4 or be arranged at the position of the visual window 10 to collect data. Different arrangement methods are adopted according to the test environment cabin.

[0026] After the data acquisition and analysis device collects data, the coaxial processing of electric signals such as current and voltage, thermal signals such as temperature infrared, force signals of pressure feedback, and component concentrations of gas detection is integrated, which can facilitate subsequent data analysis.

[0027] In the present application, the arc drawing tip 1 is a pole piece or a needle, which constitutes a test arc drawing tip. The test environment bin integrates adjustable devices such as temperature, humidity, gas, pressure, and dust, which can realize the adjustment of the temperature, humidity, air pressure, gas composition, and dust in the atmosphere in the cabin to make the test meet the expected environment. Through joint debugging and linkage of the environment bin and the arc drawing device, electric, thermal, force, and gas multi-physical field acquisition devices are added to form an arc drawing device for multi-scene and multi-working-condition application research, realize real working-condition simulation and failure mechanism reproduction, break through the electric-thermal-force multi-field coupling analysis, solve the technical bottleneck of existing equipment in exploring the arc drawing mechanism and influence in actual complex scenes, better approach the problems faced in actual scenes, and provide a standardized test platform for arc drawing research of liquid, solid-liquid, and solid batteries. The boundary threshold of battery resistance to "micro-arc" is explored in different environments, and "micro-arc" damage exploration and testing are conducted.

[0028] Based on the device of the present application, the influence and disaster-causing harm of arc drawing during the use of the battery in different environmental factors such as high temperature, high humidity, high salt environment (such as seaside), high and low temperature, low humidity, and low air pressure environment (such as plateau), high humidity, high salt, and high air pressure environment (such as deep sea) can be explored.

[0029] The test device of the present application, as a multi-environment coupling test chamber combined with an arc drawing device, can accurately reproduce the arc drawing phenomenon faced by battery monomers and modules in actual use. Through actual scene working condition analysis, it can be realized to test the arc drawing between single batteries and monomers in modules under different dimensional parameters such as coupling temperature (0-200℃), humidity (0-100%RH), air pressure (1-5000kPa), gas concentration (depending on the gas), electrolyte atmosphere (EC / EMC, etc.), particulate matter (dust and / or water mist, etc.) in a more actual scene. For example, 25℃, 50%RH, 101.9kPa is the normal temperature and pressure atmospheric environment; 25℃ (0℃), 50%RH, 50Pa is the normal temperature and high pressure atmospheric environment (simulating high altitude application scene); 25℃, 50%RH, 101.9kPa, the environmental atmosphere is 5% of the battery gas composition + 95% air, which is the normal temperature and pressure certain monomer spray valve environment.

[0030] In some embodiments, the test environment chamber 100 includes a square test environment chamber and a pear-shaped test environment chamber. In particular, when exploring the critical value test of arc breakdown under different atmospheres, the pear-shaped test environment chamber is preferably used. In the stage of exploring battery arc-free, micro-arc, and arc, the square test environment chamber is particularly preferred.

[0031] In some embodiments, the arc drawing tip can be a tab and / or a needle tip, and can be arranged on a three-axis moving platform or a moving support, and can be configured to move in X, Y, and Z directions to adjust the position and distance of different electrodes, thereby increasing the dimension of the arc drawing test between batteries in the battery module and supplementing the existing arc drawing test capability between battery monomers in the module to meet the exploration of different arc breakdown distances.

[0032] In some embodiments, the arc drawing tip is divided into positive and negative electrodes, and the arc drawing tip 1 can be two electrode bodies directly mounted on the electrode tooling 12 to contact the surface of the battery 200 through the movement of the electrode tooling 12 for testing, or held by an operator or a robot to test the electrode 1-2 connected by a soft wire 1-3 on the electrode support 11-1 of one structure or another. It should be noted that the structure and shape of the electrode support in the present application can be designed into different shapes as needed.

[0033] In some embodiments, the arc striking tip comprises a moving electrode and a fixed electrode, the moving electrode is installed on an electrode moving mechanism, the electrode moving mechanism adopts a screw mechanism, such as a stepper motor 10 that drives the rotation of a screw rod, the screw rod is connected with a moving bracket 11 (a sliding block), the top end of the moving bracket 11 is arranged with an electrode tool 12, the moving electrode is arranged on the moving electrode tool 12, the stepper motor is connected with a motor drive module 9, and the fixed electrode is installed on an electrode tool of a fixed bracket that does not move, wherein the stepper motor, the moving bracket, and the fixed bracket that installs the fixed electrode are arranged on a base plate 13. In the specific implementation, the distance between the electrodes and the distance from the battery can be adjusted by moving one or both electrodes, and the test can be performed at any position on the surface of the battery, the positive electrode, or the negative electrode according to the test requirements.

[0034] In some embodiments, the arc striking tip comprises two moving electrodes, and the two moving electrodes are installed on a linear moving mechanism, the linear moving mechanism adopts a screw mechanism, such as a stepper motor that drives the rotation of a screw rod, two moving brackets 11-1 are arranged on the screw rod at intervals, and two moving electrodes are installed on the moving brackets, such as shown in the figure. Figure 3

[0035] In some embodiments, the electrode tool is arranged inside or outside the square test environment cabin, when the electrode tool is arranged outside the square test environment cabin, an electrode interface 19 is arranged on the cabin wall of the square test environment cabin for the extension of the arc striking tip.

[0036] In some embodiments, when the test environment cabin is a square test environment cabin, the test environment cabin is provided with an adjustable voltage extrusion pre-tightening device for positioning the battery and applying different pre-tightening forces to the battery, the battery extrusion pre-tightening device comprises a base 25, two battery extrusion plates 21 driven by high-precision servo drive units above the base, and the two battery extrusion plates are arranged oppositely for extruding the test battery 200. Preferably, the high-precision servo drive unit adopts a pneumatic cylinder or a servo motor, which can realize a displacement resolution of 0.01 mm and a maximum load of 300 kN, so as to apply a pre-tightening force to the battery and the electrode sheet, especially a 200 kN pre-tightening force required for the normal use of a sulfide solid-state battery, which meets the mechanical requirements of almost all electrochemical batteries on the market.

[0037] In some embodiments, the outer side of at least one of the battery extrusion plates 21 is arranged with a pressure sensor 22 for detecting the extrusion force, such as shown in the figure. Figure 4 ​As shown, the outer side of the pressure sensor 22 is connected to a fixed plate 23, which is connected to the extrusion rods on the same side, and the extrusion rods on both sides are connected to a support or support plate 26, which is fixedly connected to the base. The driving unit can be installed on the support plate and pre-tighten the driving extrusion rod.

[0038] In some embodiments, the test environment chamber is a pear-shaped test environment chamber, the electrode tool is arranged outside the pear-shaped test environment chamber, an electrode interface is arranged on the pear-shaped chamber, and the arc striking tip extends into the test environment chamber through the electrode interface for testing.

[0039] In an embodiment of the present application, a method for triggering battery failure by arc striking is also provided, which is performed according to the arc striking device for triggering battery failure, and includes the following steps: Placing the battery to be tested in the environment chamber; Adjusting the temperature, pressure and humidity in the environment chamber according to the test scene parameters, injecting a mixed gas with different component ratios according to the test scene to form the required test atmosphere scene; After detecting that the airflow in the environment chamber is stable, starting the arc striking test; After completing the test of one test scene, converting the test atmosphere scene according to other test scene parameters to perform the test; Repeating the above steps to perform different arc striking tests on the battery under different test scenes; According to the collected test results, determining the influence and damage of arc striking on the battery in different environments; Preferably, it further includes: Giving different degrees of arc striking to the grouped batteries respectively, performing characterization tests on the batteries after the test, and observing the influence of different arcs on the battery material, the influence on the battery pole piece and the influence on the safety of the battery; Dividing the batteries into three stages of no arc, micro-arc and arc striking according to the arc striking state, and exploring the critical values of the no arc, micro-arc and arc striking stages through multiple cycle tests; The characterization test includes CT, ultrasonic in-situ test, and / or disassembly non-in-situ test and performance calibration, including internal resistance test and capacity calibration.

[0040] Based on the impact of different arc sizes on battery materials, battery electrodes, and battery safety, battery states are divided into "arc-free," "micro-arc," and "arc-excited." In the arc-free state or stage, there is no short-term impact on battery material performance, and the average performance degradation of 3 batteries after 50 cycles is ≤ that of conventional charge-discharge cycle degradation. In the micro-arc state or stage, the performance of battery electrodes becomes abnormal after multiple cycles, and the average performance degradation of 3 batteries after 50 cycles is ≥ that of conventional charge-discharge cycle degradation, but there are no failure phenomena such as valve / air jetting, leakage, or thermal runaway. In the arc-excited state or stage, the battery directly triggers valve / air jetting, or even thermal runaway and fire.

[0041] Among them, the absence of arc can be defined as the battery's capacity decay not exceeding the conventional charge and discharge decay after 50 cycles. After the battery meets the condition of absence of arc, how many more times can it be tested (breakdown) with the same arc size? Based on the arc size, the arc intensity is increased until the arc size before the battery exhibits the "micro-arc" phenomenon is investigated, thereby determining the arc size where the micro-arc appears. After the "micro-arc" phenomenon appears, the arc intensity is increased based on the arc size where the micro-arc appears until the arc size before the battery exhibits the "arc pulling" phenomenon is investigated, thus obtaining the arc size where the arc pulling occurs.

[0042] As described above, relevant data can be obtained from the following aspects in the characterization tests: 1. Materials level: Subtle changes in microstructure and short-term stability: In-situ characterization techniques such as CT and ultrasound were used to observe the microscopic state of core materials inside the battery, including electrodes, separators, and electrolytes. For example, under the action of low-intensity electric arc (no arc, early stage of micro-arc), the crystal structure of electrode materials (such as ternary materials for the positive electrode and graphite for the negative electrode) did not show obvious distortion. When the arc intensity reached the middle and late stage of micro-arc (close to the critical value of arcing but without triggering thermal runaway), after multiple cycles, the SEI film on the surface of the negative electrode showed local damage or uneven thickening. 2. Performance: Short-term stability and abnormal degradation after cycling By combining internal resistance testing, capacity calibration, and other performance characterization methods, the variation of battery electrochemical performance with arc intensity and cycle number was tracked. 3. Security: Eliminating immediate risks and focusing on potential security boundaries By monitoring battery temperature, pressure, gas production, and other conditions in real time, the safety characteristics of the scenario where "arc pulling does not directly trigger thermal runaway" are clarified. At the same time, the potential safety risks in the micro-arc stage are explored, including the absence of immediate serious safety accidents and the accumulation of safety hazards in the micro-arc stage: although micro-arcs do not directly cause safety accidents, there is a cumulative effect of safety risks after long-term cycling.

[0043] Specifically, during testing, first, the test scene corresponding to the battery to be tested is found, such as a battery used at high altitude and low temperature, and the scene parameters thereof are determined (such as 50 kPa, 0 DEG C / 25 DEG C, 30% RH atmosphere, or 5% battery jet component + 95% air atmosphere), then the environment chamber is adjusted in temperature, pressure and humidity according to the scene parameters, and mixed gas is injected to couple; subsequently, the environment atmosphere is stirred to make the atmosphere in the chamber uniform; after uniform mixing, standing is needed to ensure smooth airflow in the chamber; finally, arc drawing test is performed; through continuously testing different batteries under different scenes (such as high altitude: 50 kPa, 0 DEG C / 25 DEG C, 30% RH atmosphere, or 5% battery jet component + 95% air; or 50 kPa, 0 DEG C / 25 DEG C / 45 DEG C, 30% RH / 50% RH atmosphere, or 5% battery jet component + 95% air, or 0%, 5%, 10% and other different proportion mixed gas; deep sea: 150 kPa, or 200 kPa / 300 kPa, 0 DEG C / 25 DEG C / 45 DEG C, 30% RH / 50% RH atmosphere, or 5% battery jet component + 95% air, or 0%, 5%, 10% and other different proportion mixed gas, etc.); through arc drawing test of different batteries under different scenes, the influence of the "no arc", "micro-arc" and "arc drawing" stages of the battery on the battery and the surrounding hazards are determined, such as local transient high temperature appearing in arc drawing, which has influence on surrounding batteries, high and low voltage devices, leads to battery thermal runaway, fire and even explosion, and endangers the surroundings; the hazards (such as performance degradation, liquid leakage, jet valve, loss of control, fire, explosion, etc.) caused by different arc drawing intensities are also different.

[0044] The device of the present application has the following significant advantages compared with the traditional test equipment: 1. Multi-dimensional mechanical loading capacity is improved; 2. Real working condition simulation and failure mechanism reproduction; 3. Breakthrough in electric-thermal-force multi-field coupling analysis; the device breaks through the limitation of the existing arc drawing device in single scene, and provides favorable equipment support for actual scene application and simulation of actual working conditions; The test method provided by the present application improves the single working condition method of the existing arc drawing test which is limited to heating or adding electrolyte, develops a multi-scene, multi-working condition coupling test method based on the developed equipment, and more realistically simulates actual arc drawing test; at the same time, the test method for determining which stage of "no arc", "micro-arc" and "arc drawing" and the corresponding threshold range is proposed, which provides support for actual battery micro-damage positioning and disaster-causing hazard evaluation.

[0045] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present application and the advantages of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present application can be realized in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application; Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be considered as exemplary and non-limiting, the scope of the application being defined by the appended claims and not by the above description, therefore all variations falling within the meaning and the scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be encompassed by the application.

[0046] Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present specification describes only one embodiment for carrying out the application, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution, and the present specification is described in this way only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that those skilled in the art can understand.

Claims

1. Arcing device to trigger battery failure, characterized in that, The test environment cabin, the movable adjusting test position for the arc test, the arc tip, the AC / DC power supply for the arc, the AC / DC load connected to the test circuit, and the data acquisition and analysis device, the data acquisition and analysis device includes the cabin pressure detection sensor, the thermocouple for detecting the temperature of the inside of the test environment cabin and different positions of the battery to be tested, the voltage probe for collecting the arc voltage and the arc current, the current probe, the oscilloscope connected to the current probe and the voltage probe, the smoke sensor for detecting the atmosphere composition and concentration in the cabin, the smoke analyzer connected to the smoke sensor, the high-speed infrared thermal imager for dynamically tracking the millisecond temperature field of the arc area in the cabin and capturing the arc and the jet shape in milliseconds, the test environment cabin is provided with an inlet and outlet exhaust port for vacuumizing, mixed atmosphere replacement with different gas concentrations and / or humidity, and a voltage collection port for detecting the real-time voltage between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery by introducing a voltage sensor.

2. The arc drawing device based on triggering battery failure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test environment cabin includes a square test environment cabin and a pear-shaped test environment cabin.

3. The arc-to-failure device for triggering battery failure according to claim 2, wherein, The arc tip includes a moving electrode and a fixed electrode, the moving electrode is installed on an electrode moving mechanism, the electrode moving mechanism includes a lead screw and a stepping motor for driving the rotation of the lead screw, the lead screw is connected with a moving bracket, and an electrode tool is arranged at the top end of the moving bracket, and the moving electrode is arranged on the moving electrode tool.

4. The arc-to-trigger battery failure device of claim 2, wherein, The arc tip includes two moving electrodes, and the two moving electrodes are installed on a linear moving mechanism, the linear moving mechanism includes a lead screw and a stepping motor for driving the rotation of the lead screw, two moving brackets are arranged on the lead screw at intervals, and the two moving electrodes are installed on the moving brackets.

5. Arcing device for triggering a battery failure according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that The electrode tool is arranged inside or outside the square test environment cabin, when the electrode tool is arranged outside the square test environment cabin, an electrode interface is arranged on the cabin wall of the square test environment cabin for the extension of the arc tip.

6. The arc-to-trigger battery failure device of claim 1, wherein, When the test environment cabin is a square test environment cabin, a voltage extrusion pre-tightening device is arranged in the test environment cabin, the battery extrusion pre-tightening device includes two battery extrusion plates driven by high-precision servo driving units, the two battery extrusion plates are arranged oppositely for extruding the test battery.

7. The arc-to-failure device of claim 6, wherein, A pressure sensor is arranged on the outer side of at least one of the battery extrusion plates to detect the extrusion force.

8. The arc-to-trigger battery failure device of claim 1, wherein, When the test environment cabin is a pear-shaped test environment cabin, the electrode tool is arranged outside the pear-shaped test environment cabin, an electrode interface is arranged on the pear-shaped cabin, and the arc tip extends into the test environment cabin through the electrode interface for testing.

9. The arc-to-failure device to trigger battery failure of claim 1, wherein, The smoke sensor is a multi-in-one smoke sensor, which can detect H2, CO, CO2, CH4, SO2, H2S and PM2.5 with different ranges at a preset sampling frequency, and can simultaneously set the component concentration threshold, prewarn and alarm.

10. A method of triggering a battery failure by a test of arcing, characterized in that The arc device for triggering battery failure according to any one of claims 1-9 is performed, including the steps of: placing the battery to be tested in the environment cabin; Adjusting the temperature, pressure and humidity in the environmental chamber according to the test scene parameters, injecting mixed gas with different component proportions according to the test scene to form the required test atmosphere scene; After the detected airflow in the environmental chamber is stable, start the arc test; After the test of one test scene is completed, convert the test atmosphere scene according to the parameters of other test scenes to perform the test; Repeat the above steps to perform different arc tests on the battery under different test scenes; According to the collected test results, determine the influence and damage of the arc on the battery in different environments; Preferably, the method further comprises: After grouping, the batteries are subjected to different degrees of arc test, and the batteries after the test are subjected to characterization test to observe the influence of different arcs on the battery material, the influence on the battery pole and the influence on the safety of the battery; The batteries are divided into three stages of no arc, micro-arc and arc according to the arc starting state, and the critical values of the three stages are explored through multiple cycle tests. The characterization test includes CT, ultrasonic in-situ test, and / or disassembly non-in-situ test and performance calibration, including internal resistance test and capacity calibration.

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