Liquid crystal medium

Abstract

Provided are liquid crystal (LC) media having positive dielectric anisotropy, and liquid crystal displays (LCDs) comprising these media, especially displays addressed by an active matrix, in particular energy saving LC displays of the TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, SA-XB-FFS, polymer stabilized SA-HB-FFS, polymer stabilized SA-XB-FFS, positive VA or positive PS-VA type. The media have improved long-term stability to UV radiation and elevated temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to liquid crystal (LC) media and liquid crystal displays (LCDs) incorporating such media, particularly to displays addressed by an active matrix, and especially to energy-efficient LC displays of the following types: TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, SA-XB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-HB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-XB-FFS, positive VA, or positive PS-VA. This media exhibits improved long-term stability against UV radiation and elevated temperatures. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) are used to display information in many fields. LCDs are used for both direct-view displays and projection displays. The electro-optic modes used include twisted nematic (TN), super-twisted nematic (STN), optically compensated bending (OCB), and electro-controlled birefringence (ECB) modes, as well as their various variations and others. All of these modes utilize an electric field generated substantially perpendicular to the substrate and the liquid crystal layer.

[0003] In addition to these modes, there are electro-optic modes that utilize an electric field substantially parallel to the substrate or liquid crystal layer. For example, WO 91 / 10936 discloses a liquid crystal display in which an electrical signal is generated in such a way that the electric field has a significant component parallel to the liquid crystal layer, and since then, this liquid crystal display has been referred to as an in-plane switching (IPS) display. For example, RASoref described the principle of operating such a display in the Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 45, No. 12, pp. 5466-5468 (1974).

[0004] An IPS display includes an LC layer between two planar-oriented substrates, with two electrodes disposed on only one of the substrates, preferably having an interdigitated comb-like structure. When a voltage is applied to the electrodes, an electric field with a significant component parallel to the LC layer is generated between them. This causes the LC molecules to reorient in the layer plane.

[0005] For example, EP 0 588 568 discloses various possibilities for designing electrodes and addressing IPS displays. DE 198 24137 similarly describes various implementations of such IPS displays.

[0006] For example, DE 195 28 104 describes liquid crystal materials for this type of IPS display.

[0007] Furthermore, so-called “edge field switching” (FFS) displays have been reported (see especially SH Jung et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 43, No. 3, 2004, 1028), which contain two electrodes on the same substrate, one of which is structured in a comb-like manner and the other is unstructured. This generates a strong so-called “edge field,” i.e., a strong electric field near the edge of the electrode, and an electric field with both strong vertical and strong horizontal components throughout the cell. FFS displays exhibit low viewing angle dependence of contrast. FFS displays typically comprise an LC dielectric with positive dielectric anisotropy and an alignment layer, typically polyimide, that provides planar alignment for the molecules of the LC dielectric.

[0008] IPS and FFS electro-optical liquid crystal displays are particularly suitable for modern desktop monitors, televisions, and multimedia applications. The liquid crystal medium according to the invention is preferably used in this type of display. Typically, positively dielectric liquid crystal media with a fairly low dielectric anisotropy value are used in FFS displays; however, in some cases, liquid crystal media with a dielectric anisotropy of only about 3 or even less are also used in IPS displays.

[0009] The HB-FFS mode has achieved further improvements. One of the unique features of the HB-FFS mode compared to traditional FFS technology is that it can achieve higher transmittance, which allows the panel to operate with lower energy consumption.

[0010] Another recently developed mode is the XB-FFS mode, in which the liquid crystal medium additionally contains a polar liquid crystal compound with low dielectric anisotropy.

[0011] Liquid crystal compositions suitable for LCDs, and especially for FFS and IPS displays, are known in the prior art, for example from JP 07-181 439 (A), EP 0 667 555, EP 0 673 986, DE 195 09 410, DE 195 28 106, and DE195 28 107. However, these compositions have certain disadvantages. Among other disadvantages, most of them result in unfavorable long addressing times, insufficient resistivity values, and / or require excessively high operating voltages. In such cases, improvements in both operating characteristics and shelf life are necessary.

[0012] FFS and IPS displays can be used as active matrix displays (AMD) or passive matrix displays (PMD). In the case of an active matrix display, individual pixels are typically addressed by integrated non-linear active elements, such as thin-film transistors (TFTs), while in the case of a passive matrix display, individual pixels are typically addressed by multiplexing methods known in the art.

[0013] The display according to the invention is preferably addressed by an active matrix, and more preferably by a TFT matrix. However, the liquid crystal according to the invention can also be advantageously used in displays having other known addressing methods.

[0014] Typical applications of In-Plane Switching (IPS) and Edge Field Switching (FFS) technologies include monitors, laptops, televisions, mobile phones, and tablets.

[0015] Both IPS and FFS technologies have certain advantages over other LCD technologies (such as vertical alignment (VA) technology), such as wide viewing angle dependence of contrast.

[0016] Providing alternative liquid crystal media and their application in displays with high transmittance, good black levels, and high contrast is a major challenge for modern FFS and IPS applications. Contrast ratio is closely related to transmittance (white level) and scattering parameters (dark level). This can be achieved by reducing scattering parameters and increasing the elastic constant (especially K0). av Dark levels can be significantly improved. Simultaneously, it is important to maintain the response time parameter of the liquid crystal medium sufficiently low compared to γ1 / K1 to ensure fast addressing times. Therefore, the desired liquid crystal medium should ideally have a high K1 / K1. av The response time parameter needs to be kept low, while the ratio of γ1 / K1 also needs to be low. Furthermore, modern FFS and IPS applications require good low-temperature stability and a sufficiently high cleaning point, as well as long-term thermal and UV stability. Summary of the Invention

[0017] The object of this invention is to provide liquid crystal media, particularly for energy-efficient FFS and IPS displays, also for TN, positive VA, or STN displays, especially for active matrix displays (such as those addressed by TFTs), which do not exhibit the aforementioned disadvantages or exhibit them only to a lesser extent, and preferably have high transmittance, good dark state, and high contrast. They also have high resistivity, low threshold voltage, high dielectric anisotropy, good low-temperature stability (LTS), fast response time, and low rotational viscosity, and are capable of achieving high brightness.

[0018] This is achieved by providing the liquid crystal medium described and claimed below.

[0019] In the case of FFS displays, further optimization of response time, contrast ratio, brightness, and reliability is needed. However, it has been found that liquid crystal materials in the prior art typically cannot meet all of these requirements simultaneously.

[0020] It has now been surprisingly discovered that liquid crystal media containing one or more compounds of formula I and at least one compound of formula P according to the present invention exhibit significant improvements, especially when used in FFS mode displays, such as good solubility and high K av Compared to a low γ1 / K1 ratio, it can achieve a fast response time.

[0021] The liquid crystal medium according to the present invention is particularly suitable for liquid crystal displays based on dielectric positive liquid crystals and their polymer stable variants in FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS and IPS modes.

[0022] Prior art (e.g., WO 2010 / 099853 A1 and DE 10 2010 027 099 A1) discloses thiophene-containing LC media. WO 2010 / 099853 A1 teaches compounds comprising a thiophene-2,5-dimethyl unit directly linked to a 2- and / or 6-substituted 1,4-phenylene unit. WO 2010 / 099853 A1 describes the development of novel materials for LC displays. This objective is achieved by providing compounds with the following general formula.

[0023]

[0024] Among them, especially A 0 A represents a 2,6-difluoro-1,4-phenylene unit. 1 and A 2 In addition to other meanings, Z also represents a 1,4-phenylene or 1,4-cyclohexylene unit. 1 and Z 2 Indicates a bridging element or a single key.

[0025] US 2021 / 0189241 A1 teaches a liquid crystal medium comprising one or more thiophene compounds of formula T and a compound of formula L.

[0026]

[0027] The LC media of US 2021 / 0189241 A1 has high transmittance and short response time in LC displays, which is due to the favorable combination of its physical properties, especially the high elastic constant (especially high K1) and the low ratio of rotational viscosity (γ1) to elastic constant (K1) (γ1 / K1).

[0028] However, particularly in gaming applications, there remains a persistent demand for energy-efficient displays with faster response times and higher contrast. These applications require liquid crystal media with lower γ1 / K1 ratios and rotational viscosity (γ1), as well as better contrast. Unexpectedly, the inventors have significantly improved upon the liquid crystal media of US 2021 / 0189241A1 by providing the liquid crystal media of this invention.

[0029] Specifically, it was surprisingly discovered that FFS-type LCs can be realized using liquid crystals with positive dielectric anisotropy by employing specially selected liquid crystal media. These media are characterized by an improved combination of physical properties. The most decisive features are their high elastic constant, especially high K1, and their excellent, particularly low ratio of rotational viscosity (γ1) to elastic constant (K1) (γ1 / K1).

[0030] The liquid crystal medium according to the invention typically has positive dielectric anisotropy (Δε), preferably in the range of 1.5 or greater to 20.0 or less, more preferably in the range of 2.0 or greater to 8.0 or less, and most preferably in the range of 2.5 or greater to 7.0 or less.

[0031] The liquid crystal medium of the present invention preferably has a dielectric anisotropy (Δε) of 0.5 or greater and comprises one or more compounds of Formula I, preferably at a concentration in the range of 1 wt% to 60 wt% based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium, more preferably in the range of 5 wt% to 40 wt%, and particularly preferably in the range of 8 wt% to 35 wt%.

[0032] I

[0033] Each substituent has the following meaning:

[0034] R 1 and R 2 Each of the following is independently an H atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 or 12 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally -C C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , The H atoms are substituted in a manner such that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms, or cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy groups having 3 to 12 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms.

[0035] L1 and L 6 Each of them independently represents a H atom, F, Cl, or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 C atoms.

[0036] Furthermore, the liquid crystal medium of the present invention also comprises one or more compounds of formula P, preferably in the range of 1% to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the LC medium, more preferably in the range of 2% to 10% by weight:

[0037]

[0038] Each substituent has the following meaning:

[0039]

[0040] R 0 The term represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups are optionally offset by -C. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , The H atoms can be replaced by -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms can be replaced by halogen atoms.

[0041] R 3 It represents an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups are optionally offset by -C. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , The H atoms are substituted in a manner such that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms can be replaced by halogen atoms.

[0042] Y 0 It represents H or CH3.

[0043] The present invention further relates to the use of liquid crystal media for electro-optical purposes as described in the context, particularly for liquid crystal displays, shutter glasses, LC windows, 3D applications, preferably for TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-HB-FFS, PS-XB-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, SA-XB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-HB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-XB-FFS, positive VA and positive PS-VA displays, and very preferably for FFS, HB-FFS, IPS, PS-HB-FFS and PS-IPS displays.

[0044] The present invention further relates to electro-optic liquid crystal displays containing liquid crystal media as described in the context, particularly TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-HB-FFS, PS-XB-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, SA-XB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-HB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-XB-FFS, positive VA or positive PS-VA displays, preferably FFS, HB-FFS, IPS, PS-HB-FFS or PS-IPS displays.

[0045] In this application, all atoms also include their isotopes. In some embodiments, one or more hydrogen atoms (H) may optionally be replaced by deuterium (D); high deuteration enables or simplifies the analytical determination of compounds, especially at low concentrations.

[0046] In the above and below formulas, if R 0 R 1 R 2 Or R 3 The symbol represents an alkyl and / or alkoxy group, which can be straight-chain or branched. It is preferably straight-chain, having 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 carbon atoms, and therefore preferably represents ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentoxy, hexyloxy, or heptyloxy, and also represents methyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, methoxy, octyloxy, nonyloxy, decyloxy, undecyloxy, dodecyloxy, tridecyloxy, or tetradecyloxy. R 0 Preferably, it refers to a straight-chain alkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0047] The oxane preferably represents straight-chain 2-oxapropyl (=methoxymethyl), 2-oxabutyl (=ethoxymethyl) or 3-oxabutyl (=2-methoxyethyl), 2-, 3- or 4-oxapentyl, 2-, 3-, 4- or 5-oxahexyl, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-oxaheptyl, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-oxaoctyl, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7- or 8-oxanonyl, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8- or 9-oxadecyl.

[0048] If R 0 R 1 R 2 Or R 3 It indicates an alkoxy or oxaalkyl group, and it may also contain one or more additional oxygen atoms, provided that the oxygen atoms are not directly connected to each other.

[0049] In another preferred embodiment, R 0 R 1 R 2 and R 3 One or more selected from , , , , , , , -S 1 -F, -OS 1 -F, -OS 1 -OS 2 S 1 It is C 1-12 -alkylene or C 2-12 - Idemenyl, S 2 It is H, C 1-12 -alkyl or C 2-12 -Alkenyl, R is highly preferred 0 R 1 and R 2 One or more selected from , , , , , , , , , , , , , -OCH2OCH3, -O(CH2)2OCH3, -O(CH2)3OCH3, -O(CH2)4OCH3, -O(CH2)2F, -O(CH2)3F, -O(CH2)4F.

[0050] If R 0 R 1 R 2 Or R 3 This indicates an alkyl group in which one of the CH2 groups is replaced by -CH=CH-, which can be straight-chain or branched. It is preferably straight-chain and has 2 to 10 carbon atoms. Therefore, it specifically refers to vinyl, prop-1- or -2-enyl, but-1-, -2- or -3-enyl, pent-1-, -2-, -3- or -4-enyl, hex-1-, -2-, -3-, -4- or -5-enyl, hep-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5- or -6-enyl, oct-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6- or -7-enyl, non-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6-, -7- or -8-enyl, dec-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6-, -7-, -8- or -9-enyl.

[0051] If R 0 R 1 R 2 Or R 3 This indicates an alkyl or alkenyl group that is at least monosubstituted by a halogen. This group is preferably straight-chain, and the halogen is preferably F or Cl. In the case of multiple substitution, the halogen is preferably F. The resulting group also includes a perfluorinated group. In the case of monosubstituted substitution, the fluorine or chlorine substituent can be at any desired position, but is preferably located at... -Location.

[0052] In the following formula, X 0 Preferably, it is F, Cl, or a monofluorinated or polyfluorinated alkyl or alkoxy group having 1, 2, or 3 carbon atoms, or a monofluorinated or polyfluorinated alkenyl group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms. X 0 Particularly preferred are F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, OCF3, OCHF2, OCFHCF3, OCFHCHF2, OCFHCHF2, OCF2CH3, OCF2CHF2, OCF2CHF2, OCF2CF2CHF2, OCF2CF2CHF2, OCFHCF2CF3, OCFHCF2CHF2, OCF2CF2CF3, OCF2CF2CClF2, OCClFCF2CF3, OCH=CF2 or CH=CF2, with F or OCF3 being particularly preferred, and CF3, OCF=CF2, OCHF2 or OCH=CF2 being other options.

[0053] In the LC medium according to the invention, the use of compounds of formula I and P in combination with compounds of formulas Z1 to Z11 can further contribute to achieving increased efficiency. This allows for a lower rotational viscosity and a lower ratio of γ1 / K2 to γ1 / K1, resulting in a faster response time.

[0054] Compounds of Formula I

[0055] The preferred compound is of formula I, wherein R 1 and R 2 Each of the following can be independently represented as H, F, Cl, Br, -CN, -SCN, -NCS, SF5, halogen, or alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl having 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 5, carbon atoms, each of which may be optionally substituted with a halogen, particularly F.

[0056] The particularly preferred group R in Formula I 1 and R 2 The group represents H, a halogen, or an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or alkoxy group having 1 to 12, preferably 1 to 8, carbon atoms, each optionally substituted with a halogen, particularly F, and especially preferably H, F, or an alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. Preferably, at least one group is not H, and especially preferably two groups R. 1 and R 2 Neither of them are H. R 1 Very particularly preferred is an alkyl group. R 2 Furthermore, H, alkyl, or fluorine are preferred. Very particularly preferred, R 1 It is an alkyl group and R 2 It is H or an alkyl group. R 1 R 2 Each, independently of the others, very particularly preferably represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. If R 1 and R 2 If the substituted alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, or alkynyl group is represented by two R groups, then... 1 and R 2 The total number of C atoms in the sample is preferably less than 10.

[0057] Preferred alkyl groups are, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, and n-octyl.

[0058] Preferred alkenyl groups are, for example, vinyl, propenyl, butenyl, and pentenyl.

[0059] Preferred alkynyl groups are, for example, ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, heptynyl, and octyynyl.

[0060] Preferred alkoxy groups are, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, n-butoxy, n-pentoxy, n-hexoxy, n-heptoxy, and n-octoxy.

[0061] Halogens are preferably represented by F or Cl.

[0062] Particularly preferred are fluorinated alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 2 F is preferably represented in equations I-1-1 to I-1-6. In equations I-1-4 to I-1-6, L... 3 and L 4 H is preferred. In equations I-1-4 to I-1-6, L 3 and L 4 The preferred option is represented by F.

[0063] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the compound of formula I is selected from the following structures:

[0064]

[0065] Where R 1 It has the same meaning as in general formula I.

[0066] L 1 and L 2 Independently represent H or F, and

[0067] R 2 The term refers to a straight-chain or branched alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl, alkenyloxy, or alkoxyalkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally -C C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , The H atoms may be replaced by -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms.

[0068] The most preferred compounds of formula I specifically include one or more of the following:

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] As a further possibility, compounds of formula I can be used:

[0072]

[0073]

[0074]

[0075]

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] Compounds of Formula I can be prepared by methods similar to those known to those skilled in the art and described in standard works of organic chemistry (e.g., in Houben-Weyl, Methoden der organischen Chemie [Methods of OrganicChemistry], Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart).

[0079] Compounds of formula P

[0080] In addition to one or more thiophene derivatives of general formula I, the liquid crystal medium of the present invention also comprises one or more compounds of general formula P:

[0081]

[0082] Each substituent has the following meaning:

[0083]

[0084] R 0 The term represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups are optionally offset by -C. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , The H atoms can be replaced by -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms can be replaced by halogen atoms.

[0085] R 3 It represents an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups are optionally offset by -C. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , The H atoms are substituted in a manner such that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms can be replaced by halogen atoms.

[0086] Y 0 It represents H or CH3.

[0087] LC media containing compounds with the following formulas P-1 to P-8 are particularly preferred:

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] "alkyl" refers to an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and "alkenyl" refers to an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0091] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the compound of general formula P may be selected from the following:

[0092]

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] Compounds of formula LP1 and LP2

[0096] In addition to one or more compounds of formulas I and P as defined above, the LC medium may optionally contain one or more compounds selected from formulas LP1 and LP2, preferably one or more compounds of formula LP1 and one or more compounds of formula LP2:

[0097]

[0098] Each group may be the same or different each time it appears, and each group independently has the following meaning:

[0099] R 0 It represents an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups are optionally -C C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , The H atoms can be replaced by -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms can be replaced by halogen atoms;

[0100] R 2 It represents an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups are optionally -C C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , The H atoms can be replaced by -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms can be replaced by halogen atoms;

[0101] X 2 It represents an F atom or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenoxy group having 2 to 6 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms are replaced by F atoms;

[0102] Y 1 and Y 2 Indicates H, F, or Cl;

[0103] Y 0 It represents H or CH3.

[0104] In a particularly preferred embodiment, compounds of general formulas LP1 and LP2 can be represented by one of the following:

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] in

[0108] R 0 It represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups are optionally -C C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2- , , , , The H atoms are substituted with -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms. Preferably, the H atoms are alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkenyl or alkenoxy groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy groups having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, with vinyl, allyl, or cyclopentyl being particularly preferred.

[0109] n represents 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, and

[0110] m represents 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0111] In yet another embodiment, the compounds of one or more formulas LP1 and LP2 are described by formulas LP1-1 and LP2-1:

[0112]

[0113] in

[0114] R 0 It represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups are optionally -C C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , The H atoms can be replaced by -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms can be replaced by halogen atoms.

[0115] R 2 It represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups are optionally -C C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , The H atoms can be replaced by -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms can be replaced by halogen atoms;

[0116] X 2 This indicates an F atom or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 3 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenoxy group having 2 or 3 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms are replaced by F atoms; and

[0117] Y 0 It represents H or CH3.

[0118] The most preferred LP1 compounds are those selected from the following formulas:

[0119]

[0120]

[0121] Where Y0 It can be H or CH3, with H being preferred.

[0122] Compounds of formula LP1-1a, LP1-1b and LP1-1c are highly preferred, and compounds of formula LP1-1a are most preferred.

[0123] The particularly preferred LP2 compounds are those selected from the following formulas:

[0124]

[0125]

[0126] Where Y 0 It can be H or CH3, with H being preferred.

[0127] Compounds of formula LP2-1a, LP2-1a, LP2-1c, LP2-1d and LP2-1i are highly preferred, and compounds of formula LP2-11 are most preferred.

[0128] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the LC medium of the present invention comprises one or more compounds of formula LP1 and one or more compounds of formula LP2.

[0129] The total amount of the compound of formula LP1 or LP2 in the LC medium is preferably 2% to 35% based on the total weight of the LC medium, very preferably 3% to 30%, and most preferably 4% to 20% by weight.

[0130] Other mesocrystalline components

[0131] In addition to the compounds described above, the LC media of the present invention typically contain one or more compounds selected from those described in the following formulas:

[0132]

[0133]

[0134] Among them, "alkyl" and "alkyl "Each is independent of the other for C" 1-6 -alkyl, preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl, very preferably ethyl, propyl or butyl;

[0135] "alkenyl" and "alkenyl" "Preferred representation C" 2-6 -Alkenyl.

[0136] Compounds of formulas Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 are highly preferred.

[0137] The particularly preferred compounds of formulas Z1 to Z11 are those selected from the following formulas:

[0138]

[0139]

[0140]

[0141] Preferably, the LC medium contains one, two, or three compounds selected from formulas Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 or their subforms.

[0142] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula Z1 or preferred sub-formulas thereof and / or one or more compounds selected from formulas Z2, Z3, Z4 and Z5 or preferred sub-formulas thereof.

[0143] The total proportion of compounds of formulas Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5 and Z6 or their sub-formulas (e.g. CC-3-V) in the medium is 10% to 65% by weight, very preferably 20% to 60% by weight, and most preferably 25% to 55% by weight, based on the total weight of the LC medium.

[0144] In a more preferred embodiment,

[0145] The compound of formula Z1-1 is used at a concentration of 10% to 60% by weight, more preferably 10% to 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the LC medium; and / or

[0146] The compound of formula Z4-2 is used at a concentration of 1% to 20% by weight, more preferably 2% to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the LC medium; and / or

[0147] The concentration of the compound of formula Z3-1 is 1% to 20% by weight, more preferably 2% to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the LC medium.

[0148] LC media may additionally contain one or more compounds of the following general formulas:

[0149]

[0150] in

[0151] R'' represents C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy or C 2-6 -Alkenyl, and

[0152] "alkenyl" indicates C 2-6 -Alkenyl.

[0153] Compounds of formula XII are preferably selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0154]

[0155]

[0156] Wherein "alkyl" can be methyl, butyl, pentyl or hexyl.

[0157] Compounds of formula XIIa are particularly preferred. In formula XIIb, the "alkyl" is preferably n-C3H7, n-C4H9, or n-C5H, which are independent of each other. 11 Especially n-C3H7.

[0158] In a preferred embodiment, the compound of formula XIIa is XIIa-1:

[0159]

[0160] The LC medium of the present invention may further comprise one or more compounds selected from the following formulas:

[0161]

[0162] in,

[0163] L 1 and L 2 Each of these independently represents a H atom, F, Cl, or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 C atoms, and

[0164] R 1 and R 2 Each of these groups independently represents an alkyl, alkoxy, oxalyl, fluoroalkyl, or alkenyl group, each having a maximum of 6 carbon atoms, and preferably each of these groups independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and

[0165] In compounds of formula XIV, the group R 1 and R 2 At least one of them preferably represents an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 C atoms.

[0166] LC media may further comprise one or more compounds of formula XIV, wherein the group R 1 and R 2 At least one of them represents an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably selected from those of the following formulas:

[0167]

[0168] The word "alkyl" has the above meaning and preferably represents methyl, ethyl or propyl.

[0169] Compounds of formula XIV are preferably selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0170]

[0171]

[0172] The compound of formula XIVd-1 is highly preferred.

[0173] In yet another embodiment, the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula XVI:

[0174]

[0175] Where R 1 and R 2 It has the meaning shown in Formula I, and preferably each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms independently of the others. L represents H or F.

[0176] The particularly preferred XVI compounds are those with the following formulas:

[0177]

[0178]

[0179] in,

[0180] "alkyl" and "alkyl" "Each independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly ethyl, propyl, or pentyl, and..."

[0181] "alkenyl" and "alkenyl" "Each of them independently represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2 to 6 C atoms, especially CH2=CHC2H4, CH3CH=CHC2H4, CH2=CH and CH3CH=CH.

[0182] Compounds of formulas XVIb and XVIc are particularly preferred. Compounds of the following formulas are very particularly preferred:

[0183]

[0184]

[0185] The compound of formula XVIc-2 is highly preferred.

[0186] - The medium contains one or more compounds of the following formula:

[0187]

[0188] in,

[0189] R 1 and R 2 Each has the meaning shown in Formula I, and preferably each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms. L represents H or F.

[0190] Compound of formula XVIIa is highly preferred, wherein L is H. Compound of formula XVIIb is highly preferred, wherein L is F.

[0191] The medium may additionally contain one or more compounds of the following formula:

[0192]

[0193] Among them, L and R 1 and R 2 Each has the following properties in equation Y for Y 1 R 1 and R 2 The meaning shown is as follows. R 1 and R 2 Preferably, it represents an alkyl, alkoxy, oxaalkyl, fluoroalkyl, or alkenyl group, each having a maximum of 6 carbon atoms.

[0194] Very preferably, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula XXXIVa.

[0195]

[0196] "alkyl" refers to a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly ethyl, propyl, or pentyl.

[0197] Compounds of formula XXXIV, especially formula XXXIVa, are preferably used in the mixture according to the invention in an amount of 0.5-10% by weight based on the total weight of the LC medium, particularly preferably 1-5% by weight.

[0198] In some other embodiments, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the following formula:

[0199]

[0200] Where R 1 and R 2 It has the meaning shown in Formula I, and preferably each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms independently of each other.

[0201] The LC medium of the present invention may further comprise one or more compounds selected from the following formulas:

[0202]

[0203] Each of the groups, independently of each other and in the same or different manner each time it appears, has the following meaning:

[0204]

[0205]

[0206] R 0 Having Equation I for R 1 One of the meanings given is

[0207] X 0 The following are not directly related to the preceding text: F, Cl, CN, SF5, SCN, NCS, halogenated alkyl groups, halogenated alkenyl groups, halogenated alkoxy groups, or halogenated alkenyloxy groups having up to 6 carbon atoms.

[0208] L 1-6 Indicates H or F,

[0209] Y 0 It represents H or CH3.

[0210] The preferred compounds of formulas II and III are those in which Y 0 It is a compound of H.

[0211] Further preferred compounds of formulas II and III are those in which R 0 This indicates an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, with ethyl or propyl being most preferred, and X 0 Those that represent F or OCF3, with F being the most preferred.

[0212] The liquid crystal medium may preferably contain one or more compounds selected from Formula II of the following formulas:

[0213]

[0214]

[0215] Where R 0 and X 0 It has the meaning given in Equation II.

[0216] The preferred compounds are those of formulas II-1, II-2 and II-3, and the most preferred are those of formulas II-1 and II-2.

[0217] In compounds of formulas II-1 to II-7, R 0 Preferably, it represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, very preferably ethyl or propyl, X 0 The preferred option is F or OCF3, with F being the most preferred.

[0218] The liquid crystal medium may contain one or more compounds of formula II or its sub-formulas as described in the context, wherein Y 0 It is CH3. Most preferably, the liquid crystal medium according to this preferred embodiment comprises one or more compounds selected from Formula II of the following formulas:

[0219]

[0220]

[0221] Where R 0 and X 0 It has the meaning given in Equation II.

[0222] Preferred compounds are those of formula IIA-1, IIA-2 and IIA-3, with those of formula IIA-1 and IIA-2 being particularly preferred.

[0223] In compounds of formulas IIA-1 to IIA-7, R 0 Preferably, it represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, very preferably ethyl or propyl, X 0 The preferred option is F or OCF3, with F being the most preferred.

[0224] - The liquid crystal medium may also contain one or more compounds selected from Formula III of the following formulas:

[0225]

[0226]

[0227]

[0228]

[0229] Where R 0 and X 0 It has the meaning given in Equation II.

[0230] Preferred compounds are those of formulas III-1, III-4, III-6, III-16, III-19 and III-20.

[0231] In compounds of formulas III-1 to III-21, R 0 Preferably, it represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, very preferably ethyl or propyl, X 0 Preferred values ​​are F or OCF3, with F and Y being highly preferred. 2 The preferred option is represented by F.

[0232] In a preferred embodiment, the liquid crystal medium may contain one or more compounds of formula III or its sub-formulas as described in the context, wherein Y 0 It is CH3, and very preferably, the liquid crystal medium according to this preferred embodiment comprises one or more compounds selected from Formula III of the following formulas:

[0233]

[0234]

[0235]

[0236]

[0237] Where R 0 and X 0 It has the meaning given in Equation III.

[0238] Preferred compounds are those of formulas IIIA-1, IIIA-4, IIIA-6, IIIA-16, IIIA-19 and IIIA-20.

[0239] In compounds of formulas IIIA-1 to IIIA-21, R 0 Preferably, it represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, very preferably ethyl or propyl, X 0 Preferred values ​​are F or OCF3, with F and Y being highly preferred. 2 The preferred option is represented by F.

[0240] The liquid crystal medium may additionally contain one or more compounds selected from the following formula:

[0241]

[0242] in

[0243] R 0 X 0 and Y 1-5 It has the meaning indicated in Equations II and III.

[0244] Z 0 The symbol represents -C2H4-, -(CH2)4-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -C2F4-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CH2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -COO-, or -OCF2-. It also represents a single bond in formulas V and VI, and -CF2O- in formulas V and VIII.

[0245] r represents 0 or 1, and

[0246] s represents 0 or 1.

[0247] Compounds of formula IV are preferably selected from the following formula:

[0248]

[0249] Where R 0 and X 0 It has the meaning indicated in Formulas II and III.

[0250] R 0 Preferably, it refers to an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0251] X 0 It is preferred to represent F or OCF3, and it can also represent OCF=CF2 or Cl.

[0252] Compounds of formula IVa are preferably selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0253]

[0254] Compounds of formula IVb are preferably represented by the following formula:

[0255]

[0256] Compounds of formula IVc are preferably selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0257]

[0258] Where R 0 It has the meaning indicated in Formula II, and is preferably propyl or pentyl.

[0259] One or more compounds of formula IVc (especially formula IVc-1) are preferably used in the mixture according to the invention in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium, and particularly preferably in an amount of 2 to 15% by weight.

[0260] Compounds of formula V are preferably selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0261]

[0262]

[0263] Where R 0 and X 0 It has the meaning indicated in Formula II.

[0264] R 0 Preferably, it refers to an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. X 0 The preferred representations are F and OCF3, and the alternative representations are OCHF2, CF3, OCF=CF2 and OCH=CF2.

[0265] Compounds of formula VI are preferably selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0266]

[0267]

[0268] Where R 0 and X 0 It has the meaning indicated in Formula II.

[0269] R 0 Preferably, it refers to an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. X 0 The preferred designation is F, and other designations include OCF3, CF3, CF=CF2, OCHF2, and OCH=CF2;

[0270] The compounds of formula VII are preferably selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0271]

[0272] Where R 0 and X 0 It has the meaning indicated in Formula II.

[0273] R 0 Preferably, it refers to an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. X 0 The preferred symbol is F, and other symbols include OCF3, OCHF2, and OCF=CF2.

[0274] In some embodiments, the medium additionally comprises one or more compounds selected from the following formula:

[0275]

[0276] in

[0277] R 0 and X 0 Each of them independently possesses one of the meanings indicated in Formula II.

[0278] Y 1-4 Each can be represented independently as H or F.

[0279] Y 5 It represents H or CH3, with H being preferred.

[0280] X 0 Preferably, it contains F, Cl, CF3, OCF3, or OCHF2.

[0281] R 0 Preferably, it represents an alkyl, alkoxy, oxaalkyl, fluoroalkyl, or alkenyl group, each having up to 6 carbon atoms.

[0282] Very preferably, the medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula XXa.

[0283]

[0284] Where R 0 Having R in Equation I 1 The meaning of R. 0 Preferably, it represents a straight-chain alkyl group, especially ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl or n-pentyl, with n-propyl being particularly preferred.

[0285] One or more compounds of formula XX (especially formula XXa) are preferably used in the mixture according to the invention in an amount of 0 to 15% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium, and particularly preferably in an amount of 1 to 10% by weight.

[0286] Very preferably, the medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula XXIa.

[0287]

[0288] Where R 0 Having R in Equation I 1 The meaning of R. 0 Preferably, it represents a straight-chain alkyl group, especially ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl or n-pentyl, with n-propyl being particularly preferred.

[0289] One or more compounds of formula XXI (especially formula XXIa) are preferably used in the mixture according to the invention in an amount of 1 to 15% by weight, particularly preferably 2 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0290] More preferably, the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention comprises one or more compounds of formula XXIIIa.

[0291]

[0292] Where R 0 Having R in Equation I 1 The meaning of R. 0 Preferably, it represents a straight-chain alkyl group, especially ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl or n-pentyl, with n-propyl being particularly preferred.

[0293] One or more compounds of formula XXIII (especially formula XXIIIa) are preferably used in the mixture according to the invention in an amount of 0.5 to 5% by weight, particularly preferably 0.5 to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0294] In some embodiments, the liquid crystal medium additionally comprises one or more compounds of formula XXIV.

[0295]

[0296] Where R 0 X 0 and Y 1-6 Having the meaning shown in Equation III, s represents 0 or 1, and

[0297] express or .

[0298] In equation XXIV, X 0 It can also represent an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The alkyl or alkoxy group is preferably straight-chain.

[0299] R 0 Preferably, it refers to an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. X 0 Preferred option is F;

[0300] Compounds of formula XXIV are preferably selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0301]

[0302]

[0303] Where R 0 X 0 and Y 1 It has the meaning shown in Equation III. R 0 Preferably, it refers to an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. X 0 Preferred representations are F and Y. 1 F is preferred;

[0304] - Preferred

[0305]

[0306]

[0307]

[0308] or .

[0309] R 0 It is a straight-chain alkyl or alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms;

[0310] The liquid crystal medium may further comprise one or more compounds of the following formula:

[0311]

[0312] Where R 1 and X 0 Each has R indicated in Equation II 0 and X 0 The meaning of R. 1 Preferably, it refers to an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. X 0 Preferably, it represents F or Cl. In formula XXIV, X 0 The most preferred option is represented by Cl.

[0313] The liquid crystal medium contains one or more compounds of the following formula:

[0314]

[0315]

[0316] in

[0317] R 1 and X 0 Each has R as shown in Equation II 0 and X 0 The meaning of R. 1 Preferably, it refers to an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. X 0 Preferably, F is represented. The liquid crystal medium according to the invention particularly preferably comprises one or more compounds of the formula XXIX, wherein X... 0 The preferred option is represented by F.

[0318] One or more compounds of formula XXVI to XXIX are preferably used in the mixture according to the invention in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium. A particularly preferred liquid crystal medium comprises at least one compound of formula XXIX.

[0319] Very preferably, the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention comprises one or more compounds of the formula XIXa:

[0320]

[0321] Where R 1 Having the meaning indicated in Formula I, it preferably represents a straight-chain alkyl group, particularly ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl or n-pentyl, with n-propyl being particularly preferred.

[0322] One or more compounds of formula XXIXa are preferably used in the liquid crystal medium according to the invention in an amount of 1 to 15% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium, and particularly preferably in an amount of 2 to 10% by weight.

[0323] The liquid crystal medium may further contain one or more pyrimidine or pyridine compounds of the following formula.

[0324]

[0325] Where R 1 and X 0 Each has the following properties in Equation II for R 0 and X 0 The meaning of the instruction. R 1 Preferably, it refers to an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. X 0 Preferably, F is represented. The medium according to the invention particularly preferably comprises one or more compounds of formula XXX-1, wherein X... 0 The preferred designation is F. Compounds of formula XXX-1 to XXX-3 are preferably used in the mixtures according to the invention at an amount of 1 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium, and particularly preferably at an amount of 1 to 15% by weight.

[0326] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in addition to the compounds of formula I and H, the LC medium also comprises one or more compounds selected from formula Y and B:

[0327]

[0328]

[0329] Each of the groups may be the same or different each time it appears, and each has the following meaning independently:

[0330] express

[0331]

[0332] express

[0333]

[0334] express

[0335] R 1 R 2 Having in equation I for R 1 and R 2 One of the meanings given is

[0336] R 3 Having for R 1 One of the meanings given is

[0337] Z x Z yThe bond type can be -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -C2F4-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CH-CH2O-, or a single bond, preferably a single bond.

[0338] Z z It is CH2O or a single bond.

[0339] Y 1 For O or S,

[0340] L 1-4 The metal is H, F, or Cl, with H or F being preferred, and F being very preferred.

[0341] x and y are 0, 1, or 2, and x + y ≤ 3.

[0342] z is 0 or 1.

[0343] In formula B, the dibenzofuran or dibenzothiophene group may be further substituted with methyl or methoxy groups, and

[0344] The compound of formula Y contains at least one substituent L. 1-4 It is either F or Cl, with F being preferred.

[0345] Preferably, the LC medium according to this first preferred embodiment comprises one or more compounds of formula I and P, one or more compounds selected from formula LP1 and LP2, one or more compounds selected from formula Z1, Z2 and Z3, and one or more compounds selected from formula Y and B.

[0346] The LC media according to this first preferred embodiment is particularly suitable for LC displays in HB-FFS or PS-HB-FFS mode.

[0347] In a second preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium does not contain compounds of formula Y or B.

[0348] In compounds of formula Y and its subforms, R 1 and R 2 Preferably, it represents a straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and also an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly vinyl, 1E-propenyl, 1E-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1E-pentenyl, 3E-pentenyl or 4-pentenyl.

[0349] In compounds of formula Y and its derivatives, two groups L are preferred. 1 and L 2 Both represent F. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, in compounds of formula Y and its sub-formulas, the group L 1 and L 2One of them represents F, and the other represents Cl.

[0350] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula Y selected from the following formulas:

[0351]

[0352]

[0353] Where L 1 L 2 R 1 R 2 Z x Z y x and y have one of the meanings given in equation Y or one of the preferred meanings given in equation I above.

[0354] 'a' represents 1 or 2.

[0355] b represents 0 or 1.

[0356] express or

[0357] express or

[0358] L 3 L 4 It represents F or Cl, with F preferred, and

[0359] L 5 It represents an H atom or CH3.

[0360] Preferably, in compounds of formulas Y1 and Y2, L 1 and L 2 Both represent F or L 1 and L 2 One represents F, and the other represents Cl, or L. 3 and L 4 Both represent F or L 3 and L 4 One of them represents F, and the other represents Cl.

[0361] Preferably, the medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the following formula Y1:

[0362]

[0363]

[0364]

[0365]

[0366]

[0367]

[0368]

[0369]

[0370]

[0371]

[0372]

[0373]

[0374]

[0375]

[0376] in

[0377] 'a' represents 1 or 2.

[0378] "alkyl" and "alkyl" "Each independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms,

[0379] "alkenyl" represents a straight-chain alkenyl group with 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and

[0380] L 5 It represents an H atom or CH3.

[0381] "alkenyl" preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0382] Very preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula Y1 selected from Y1-1, Y1-2, Y1-7, Y1-12, Y1-17, Y1-22, Y1-40, Y1-41, Y1-42, Y1-44, Y1-50, and Y1-68. 5 The preferred representation is the H atom.

[0383] More preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula Y2 selected from the following formulas:

[0384]

[0385]

[0386]

[0387]

[0388]

[0389]

[0390]

[0391] in

[0392] "alkyl" and "alkyl" "Each independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and

[0393] "alkenyl" represents a straight-chain alkenyl group with 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond.

[0394] L 5 It represents H atoms or CH3, with H atoms being preferred.

[0395] "alkenyl" preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0396] Very preferably, the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula Y2 selected from formula Y2-2 and Y2-10.

[0397] The proportion of the compound of formula Y1 or its sub-formula in the LC medium is preferably 0 to 10% by weight based on the weight of the LC medium.

[0398] The proportion of the compound of formula Y2 or its sub-formula in the LC medium is preferably 0 to 10% by weight based on the weight of the LC medium.

[0399] The total proportion of compounds of formula Y1 and Y2 or their sub-formulas in the LC medium is preferably 1 to 20% by weight based on the weight of the LC medium, and very preferably 2 to 15% by weight.

[0400] Preferably, the LC medium contains one, two, or three compounds of formula Y1 and Y2 or their derivatives, most preferably selected from formulas Y1-2, Y1-22, Y1-66, Y1-70, Y2-6, and Y2-22.

[0401] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium contains one or more compounds selected from the following formula Y:

[0402]

[0403] Where L 1 L 2 R 1 and R 2 It has one of the meanings given in formula Y or one of the preferred meanings given in formula I and its sub-formulas.

[0404] Preferred compounds of formula Y3 are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0405]

[0406]

[0407]

[0408]

[0409] in

[0410] "alkyl" and "alkyl" "Each independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms,

[0411] "alkenyl" and "alkenyl" "Each independently represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms,

[0412] "alkoxy" refers to a straight-chain alkoxy group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and

[0413] O represents an oxygen atom or a single bond.

[0414] "alkenyl" and "alkenyl" "Preferred to mean CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0415] The particularly preferred Y3 compounds are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0416]

[0417] Among them, "alkoxy" and "alkoxy" Each of them independently represents a straight-chain alkoxy group having 3, 4, or 5 carbon atoms.

[0418] Preferably, in compounds of formula Y3 and its derivatives, L 1 and L 2 Both represent F. More preferably, in compounds of formula Y3, L 1 and L 2 One of them represents F, and the other represents Cl.

[0419] The proportion of the compound of formula Y3 or its sub-formula in the LC medium is preferably 1 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the LC medium, and very preferably 1 to 6% by weight.

[0420] Preferably, the LC medium contains one, two, or three compounds of formula Y3 or its sub-formulas, preferably compounds of formula Y3-6, and most preferably compounds of formula Y3-6A.

[0421] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the medium contains one or more compounds of formula Y selected from formula Y4:

[0422]

[0423] Where R 1 and R 2 Each independently possesses one of the meanings shown in the formula Y above, and

[0424]

[0425] Each represents independently of the other.

[0426]

[0427] Where L 5 Indicates F or Cl, preferably F, and L 6 It represents F, Cl, OCF3, CF3, CH3, CH2F or CHF2, preferably F, and more preferably, at least one of the rings G, I and K is different from the unsubstituted benzene.

[0428] Preferred compounds of formula Y4 are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0429]

[0430]

[0431]

[0432]

[0433] in

[0434] R represents a straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms.

[0435] R It represents a straight-chain alkenyl group with 2 to 7 carbon atoms.

[0436] (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and m represents an integer from 1 to 6.

[0437] R The preferred representations are CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH-, or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0438] R preferably represents methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, or pentoxy.

[0439] The proportion of the compound of formula Y4 or its sub-formula in the medium is preferably 0 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the LC medium, and very preferably 1 to 6% by weight.

[0440] The particularly preferred compounds are those with the following formulas:

[0441]

[0442] in

[0443] "alkyl" and "alkyl" "Each of the above independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly ethyl, propyl, or pentyl."

[0444] The following compounds are particularly advantageous:

[0445]

[0446] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the medium contains one or more compounds selected from the following formula Y:

[0447]

[0448]

[0449] Where R 5 Having the above formula Y for R 1 One of the meanings shown is

[0450] "alkyl" indicates a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0451] L x Indicates H or F,

[0452] X represents F, Cl, OCF3, OCHF2, or OCH=CF2, and

[0453] d represents 0 or 1.

[0454] R in these compounds 5 C is particularly preferred 2-6 -alkyl or -alkoxy or C 2-6 -Alkenyl, d is preferably 1. X in these compounds is particularly preferably F. The LC medium according to the invention preferably comprises ≥5% by weight of one or more compounds of the above formula based on the total weight of the LC medium.

[0455] The further preferred implementation scheme is as follows:

[0456] -LC media contain one or more Y compounds selected from the following formulas:

[0457]

[0458] Where R 1 and R 2 L 1 L 2 x and Z x It has the meaning given in equation Y, and

[0459] At least one of the X rings is a cyclohexyl group.

[0460] Preferably, the two groups L 1 and L 2 Both represent F. More preferably, L 1 and L 2 One of them represents F, and the other represents Cl.

[0461] Compounds of formula LY are preferably selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0462]

[0463]

[0464] in

[0465] R 1 It has the meaning shown in the above formula Y.

[0466] (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and

[0467] v represents an integer from 1 to 6.

[0468] R 1 Preferably, it represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, especially CH3, C2H5, n-C3H7, n-C4H9, n-C5H 11 , CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0469] The compound of formula LY-4 is highly preferred.

[0470] Preferably, the medium contains one, two or three compounds of the formula LY, and most preferably compounds of the formula LY-4.

[0471] The proportion of the compound of formula LY or its sub-formula in the medium is preferably 1 to 10 by weight based on the total weight of the LC medium.

[0472] -The medium contains one or more compounds of formula Y selected from the following formulas:

[0473]

[0474] Where R 1 R 2 L 1 L 2 Y, y and Z y It has the meaning given in equation Y, and

[0475] At least one of the rings Y is tetrahydropyran.

[0476] Compounds of formula AY are preferably selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0477]

[0478]

[0479] Where R 1 It has the meaning shown above.

[0480] "alkyl" indicates a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0481] (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and

[0482] v represents an integer from 1 to 6.

[0483] R 1Preferably, it represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, especially CH3, C2H5, n-C3H7, n-C4H9, n-C5H 11 , CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0484] In compounds of formula B and its subforms, R 1 and R 3 Preferably, it represents a straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, or butoxy, and also an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly vinyl, 1E-propenyl, 1E-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1E-pentenyl, 3E-pentenyl, or 4-pentenyl.

[0485] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium contains one or more compounds selected from formula B:

[0486]

[0487] Where L 1 L 2 R 1 R 3 and Y 1 It has the meaning given in equation B.

[0488] The preferred compound of formula B1 is selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0489]

[0490] Where R 1 and R 3 Independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups are optionally -C C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , The H atoms can be substituted with -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more H atoms can be replaced by halogen atoms. Compounds of formulas B1-1 and B1-2 are particularly preferred, wherein the two (O) groups represent oxygen atoms, and R... 1 and R 3Alkyl groups are independently represented and are methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, or hexyl, preferably straight-chain. Very preferably, one alkyl group is ethyl and the other alkyl group is n-pentyl.

[0491] The compound of formula B1-2 is highly preferred.

[0492] Preferably, the compound of formula B1-1 is selected from compounds of formulas B1-1-1 to B1-1-11, and more preferably, a compound of formula B1-1-6.

[0493]

[0494]

[0495] in

[0496] "alkyl" and "alkyl" "Each independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms;

[0497] "alkenyl" and "alkenyl" "Each independently represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms,

[0498] "alkoxy" and "alkoxy" "Each represents a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms independently of the others."

[0499] Preferably, the compound of formula B1-2 is selected from compounds of formulas B1-2-1 to B1-2-10, and more preferably, the compound of formula B1-2-6:

[0500]

[0501]

[0502] in

[0503] "alkyl" and "alkyl" "Each independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms,

[0504] "alkenyl" and "alkenyl" "Each independently represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms,

[0505] "alkoxy" and "alkoxy" "Each represents a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms independently of the others."

[0506] Optionally, the LC medium may contain one or more compounds of formula B1-1A and / or B1-2A.

[0507]

[0508] in

[0509] (O) represents O or a single bond.

[0510] R IIIA It indicates an alkyl or alkenyl group having a maximum of 7 carbon atoms, or Cy-C. m H 2m+1 - group,

[0511] m and n are the same or different, being 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, preferably 1, 2, or 3, and very preferably 1.

[0512] Cy represents a cyclic aliphatic group having 3, 4, or 5 ring atoms, which may optionally be replaced by an alkyl or alkenyl group each having up to 3 C atoms, or by a halogen or CN, and preferably represents cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, or cyclopentyl.

[0513] Compounds of formula B1-1A and / or B1-2A are optionally or additionally included in the LC medium in addition to compounds of formula B1-1 and B1-2, preferably additionally.

[0514] The most preferred compounds of formula B1-1A and / or B1-2A are the following compounds:

[0515]

[0516] "alkoxy" refers to a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or alternatively, --(CH2). n F, where n is 2, 3, 4 or 5, preferably C2H4F.

[0517] The proportion of the compound of formula B1 or its sub-formula in the LC medium is preferably 1 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the LC medium, and very preferably 1 to 15% by weight.

[0518] Preferably, the LC medium contains one, two, or three compounds of formula B1 or its sub-formulas.

[0519] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the LC medium may comprise one or more compounds of formula B2-2:

[0520]

[0521] in

[0522] R 1 R 3Same or different, representing H, alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 C atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups of these groups may optionally be independently separated by -C C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- are used to replace the O atoms in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and in addition, one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms.

[0523] The compounds of formula B2-2 are preferably selected from compounds of formulas B2-2-1 to B2-2-10:

[0524]

[0525]

[0526]

[0527] Where R 3 The alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is preferred, being ethyl, n-propyl, or n-butyl, or alternatively cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, or cyclopentylmethyl, or alternatively -(CH2). n F, where n is 2, 3, 4 or 5, preferably C2H4F.

[0528] The particularly preferred compound of formula B2 is selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0529]

[0530] The proportion of the compound of formula B2 or its sub-formula in the LC medium is preferably 1 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the LC medium, and very preferably 1 to 15% by weight.

[0531] Preferably, the LC medium contains one, two, or three compounds of formula B2 or its derivatives.

[0532] Preferred compounds of formula B3 are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0533]

[0534] Where R 1 It has one of the meanings given in Formula B3, and preferably represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, very preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl or hexyl, more preferably ethyl or propyl, most preferably propyl, and X 1It has one of the meanings given in formula B3, and preferably represents CF3 or OCF3.

[0535] Preferred compounds of formula B3 are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0536]

[0537] Where R 1 It has one of the meanings given in Formula B3, and preferably represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, very preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl or hexyl, more preferably ethyl or propyl, and most preferably propyl.

[0538] The most preferred compounds are those of formulas B3-1-1 and B3-2-2.

[0539] In a preferred embodiment, the medium contains one or more compounds of formula B or its subformulas B1, B2, B3, B1-1, B1-2, B2-1, B2-2, B2-3, B3-1, B3-2, B3-1-1, B3-1-2, B3-2-1, and B3-2-2, wherein the dibenzofuran or dibenzothiophene group is substituted with a methyl or methoxy group, preferably with a methyl group, preferably at the para position of substituent F, and very preferably at the para position of substituent F (i.e., relative to the terminal group R). 2 or X 1 (interposition).

[0540] The proportion of the compound of formula B3 or its sub-formula in the LC medium is preferably 1 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the LC medium, and very preferably 1 to 10% by weight.

[0541] Preferably, the LC medium contains one, two, or three compounds of formula B3 or its derivatives.

[0542] Preferably, the total proportion of compounds of formula Y and B or their sub-formulas in the LC medium is 2 to 25% by weight based on the total weight of the LC medium, very preferably 3 to 20% by weight.

[0543] In other preferred embodiments, the LC medium does not contain compounds of the formula Y, B, LY, or AY.

[0544] In other preferred embodiments, the LC medium does not contain compounds containing 1,4-phenylene compounds substituted with F or Cl at the 2- and 3-positions.

[0545] ST compounds

[0546] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the LC medium may further comprise one or more compounds of the general formula ST:

[0547]

[0548] Each substituent has the following meaning:

[0549] express

[0550] X 21 X 22 Each can be represented independently as -O-, -CH2-, or -CHR. 23 -or-NR 23 -,

[0551] R 21 and R 22 Each of the groups independently represents an H atom or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkenyl, alkynyl, alkenoxy, or alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally -C C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , The H atoms are substituted in a manner such that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms, or cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy groups having 3 to 12 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms.

[0552] R 23 Represents an H atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 C atoms,

[0553] r represents 0 or 1.

[0554] LC media containing compounds with the following subformulas ST-1, ST-2, and ST-3 exhibit exceptionally high long-term thermal and UV stability:

[0555]

[0556] Each substituent has the following meaning:

[0557] express

[0558] R 21 and R 22 Each independently represents an H atom or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 7 C atoms, and

[0559] r represents 0 or 1.

[0560] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the compound of general formula ST may be selected from the following specific structures:

[0561]

[0562]

[0563]

[0564]

[0565] In another preferred embodiment, the liquid crystal medium according to the invention may contain at least one additional space-hindered phenol mentioned in Table B below.

[0566] Compounds of formula H

[0567] The liquid crystal medium optionally comprises one or more compounds of formula H:

[0568]

[0569] in

[0570] R 11 Each of the following independently represents an H atom, F, or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms, wherein one of the -CH2- groups or, if present, multiple -CH2- groups can be substituted by -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted by -O-, and one or, if present, multiple -CH2- groups can be substituted by -CH=CH- or -C≡C-, and one or more H atoms can be substituted by F, OR 13 、N(R 13 (R) 14 ) or R 15 Replacement

[0571] R 12 Alkyl groups, each independently representing an H atom and having 1 to 20 C atoms, wherein one or more -CH2- groups can be substituted with -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted with -O-; hydrocarbon groups containing cycloalkyl or alkylcycloalkyl units, wherein one or more -CH2- groups can be substituted with -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted with -O-, and one or more H atoms can be substituted with F, OR 13 、N(R 13 (R) 14 ) or R 15 Substitution, or aromatic or heteroaromatic hydrocarbon group, in which one or more H atoms can be ORed13 、N(R 13 (R) 14 ) or R 15 Replacement

[0572] R 13 and R 14 Each of these groups independently represents an alkyl or acyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aromatic hydrocarbon or carboxylic acid group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.

[0573] R 15 Each of these groups independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. One or more -CH2- groups may be substituted with -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups may not be substituted with -O-.

[0574] R 16 Each of these can be independently represented by a H atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an O-cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or an O-cycloalkyl group. Or OH,

[0575] S 11 and S 12 Each of these groups independently represents an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein one -CH2- group or, if present, multiple -CH2- groups can be substituted with -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted with -O-, and one or more H atoms can be substituted with F, OR 13 、N(R 13 (R) 14 ) or R 15 Substitution, or representing a single bond,

[0576] Y 11 To Y 14 Each can independently represent either methyl or ethyl.

[0577] X 11 C represents...

[0578] Z 11 To Z 14 Each of these can be represented independently as -O-, -(C=O)-, -O-(C=O)-, -(C=O)-O-, -O-(C=O)-O-, -(NR-). 13 )-、-NR 13 -(C=O)- or a single bond, if S 11 If it is a single bond, then Z 11 and Z 12 The two cannot both represent -O-; if S 12 If it is a single bond, then Z13 and Z 14 The two cannot both represent -O-; and if q represents 0, then Z 12 and Z 13 The two cannot both represent -O-.

[0579] p represents 1 or 2,

[0580] q represents 0 or 1.

[0581] o represents (3-p),

[0582] n represents an integer from 1 to 10.

[0583] m represents an integer from 0 to 8, where

[0584] n p represents an integer from 1 to 10, preferably an integer from 3 to 8, and

[0585] This represents an organic moiety with (m+n) bonding sites.

[0586] In some preferred embodiments of the invention, in compounds of formula H:

[0587] express , (Biphenyl-1,1',3,3'-tetramethyl) or (Benzene-1,2,4,5-tetramethyl);

[0588] express (Benzene-1,3,5-trimethyl) or (Benzene-1,2,4-trimethyl);

[0589] The terms -(CH2-)2, -(CH2-)3, -(CH2-)4, -(CH2-)5, -(CH2-)6, -(CH2-)7, and -(CH2-)8 represent ethane-1,2-diyl, propane-1,3-diyl, butane-1,4-diyl, pentane-1,5-diyl, hexane-1,6-diyl, heptane-1,7-diyl, and octane-1,8-diyl, respectively. (1,4-phenylene) (1,3-phenylene) (1,2-phenylene) or (trans-1,4-cyclohexanediol); and / or

[0590] in

[0591] -Z 12 -S 11-Z 11 - Each occurrence represents -O-, S independently of each other. 11 -O-、-OS 11 -O-、-(C=O)-OS 11 -O-、-O-(C=O)-S 11 -O-、-O-(C=O)-S 11 -(C=O)-O-、-OS 11 -(C=O)-O-、-(C=O)-OS 11 -C、-(C=O)-OS 11 -O-(C=O)- or -(NR) 13 )-S 11 -O-、-(NR 13 -C(=O)-S 11 -(C=O)-O or a single bond, preferably -O- or -S. 11 -O-、-OS 11 -O-、-(C=O)-OS 11 -O-、-O-(C=O)-S 11 -O- or -OS 11 -(C=O)-O-, and / or

[0592] S 11 Preferably, it represents an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and / or

[0593] R 11 If present, it indicates alkyl, alkoxy, or H, preferably H or alkyl, and / or

[0594] R 12 It represents H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, 3-heptyl, or cyclohexyl.

[0595] In a preferred embodiment of this application, in the compound of formula H:

[0596]

[0597] Represents groups selected from the following formulas:

[0598]

[0599] In another preferred embodiment of this application, in the compound of formula H:

[0600]

[0601] Represents groups selected from the following formulas:

[0602] ,

[0603] or

[0604] .

[0605] In yet another preferred embodiment of the invention, in compounds of formula H in which p preferably represents 1:

[0606]

[0607] express Preferred OS 11 -O-、-S 11 -O- or -OS 11 -,Special Selection-OS 11 -O- or -S 11 -O-.

[0608] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, in the compound of formula H, the group

[0609]

[0610] This indicates a group selected from the following group of formulas:

[0611]

[0612]

[0613] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, p is 2, which may be the same as or different from those described above, in compounds of formula H,

[0614]

[0615] Represents groups selected from the following formulas:

[0616]

[0617] and

[0618] .

[0619] In yet another preferred embodiment of the invention, it may be the same as or different from those described above, in compounds of formula H, the group

[0620]

[0621] Each occurrence is represented independently.

[0622]

[0623] Preferred

[0624]

[0625] Compounds of the following general formulas H-1-1, H-1-2, and H-1-3 are shown to be particularly effective UV stabilizers in liquid crystal mixtures, especially in terms of VHR stability:

[0626]

[0627] Among them, ZG and R 16 And n is as defined above, where n represents an integer from 1 to 8. These compounds are well-suited as stabilizers for liquid crystal mixtures and stabilize the VHR of the mixtures under ultraviolet exposure.

[0628] In a particularly preferred embodiment, one or more compounds of formula H may be selected from compounds of formulas H-2-1 to H-2-6:

[0629]

[0630]

[0631]

[0632] in

[0633] R 11 Each of the above groups independently represents an H atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms, one of which is a -CH2- group, or, if present, multiple -CH2- groups can be substituted by -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted by -O-, and one or, if present, multiple -CH2- groups can be substituted by -CH=CH- or -C≡C-, and one or more H atoms can be substituted by F, OR 13 、N(R 13 (R) 14 ) or R 15 Replacement

[0634] R 16 Represents H atom or O atom ,

[0635] n represents an integer from 0 to 12, and

[0636] S 11 and S 12Each of these groups independently represents an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein one -CH2- group or, if present, multiple -CH2- groups can be substituted with -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted with -O-, and one or more H atoms can be substituted with F, OR 13 、N(R 13 (R) 14 ) or R 15 Replacement, or to indicate a single key.

[0637] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the liquid crystal medium according to the invention comprises, in each case, one or more compounds of formula H selected from compounds of the following formula:

[0638]

[0639]

[0640]

[0641]

[0642]

[0643]

[0644]

[0645]

[0646] and

[0647]

[0648] A further preferred liquid crystal medium is selected from the following preferred embodiments, including any combination thereof:

[0649] The total content of the compound of Formula I in the liquid crystal medium is preferably 1 to 40% by weight based on the weight of the liquid crystal medium, more preferably 2 to 30% by weight, and particularly preferably 5 to 25% by weight.

[0650] It has been shown that selecting compounds of Formula I in such a manner as to allow them to be described in the LC medium of the present invention by a single formula selected from I-2-6 and I-4-1 to I-4-6 is surprisingly advantageous. Particularly preferred is that all compounds of Formula I can be described in the LC medium of the present invention by a single structure selected from the following list:

[0651] I-4-1, I-4-2, I-4-3, I-4-4, I-4-5, I-4-6.

[0652] In some embodiments of the invention, the medium may comprise a combination of at least two different compounds of formula I. It has been shown that, in the liquid crystal medium of the invention, a combination of at least two different compounds of formula I not only exhibits significantly better solubility than a single compound of formula I, but also demonstrates significantly improved stability against UV radiation and elevated temperatures.

[0653] If two different Formula I compounds are present in the LC medium of the present invention, their weight ratio is preferably between 10:90 and 90:10, particularly preferably between 20:80 and 80:20, and even more preferably between 30:70 and 70:30, based on the total weight of the two Formula I compounds.

[0654] The preferred content of one or more compounds of formula H in the LC medium depends particularly on the inherent chemical stability of the LC medium and on the properties of the compounds of formula H. Wherein R 16 O The H compound (referred to as NO radical HALS) is preferably used at a concentration of 50 ppm to 1000 ppm by weight based on the LC medium. Wherein R 16 Compounds of the formula H representing the H atom (referred to as NH radical HALS) are advantageously used at a concentration of 50 to 2000 ppm by weight based on LC media.

[0655] The total content of the compound of formula P (preferably represented by the compound of formula P-1) in the liquid crystal medium is preferably 1 to 20% by weight, more preferably 2 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0656] The total content of compounds of formula LP1 and LP2 in the liquid crystal medium is preferably 1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 2 to 40% by weight, and even more preferably 5 to 20% by weight, based on the weight of the liquid crystal medium. Furthermore, the liquid crystal medium of the present invention typically comprises, based on the weight of the liquid crystal medium:

[0657] 1 to 30% by weight, preferably 2 to 20% by weight, more preferably 4 to 15% by weight of at least one compound of formula LP1; and

[0658] 1 to 30% by weight, preferably 2 to 20% by weight, more preferably 4 to 15% by weight of at least one compound of formula LP2.

[0659] The total content of compounds of formula Z1 to Z11 in the liquid crystal medium is preferably 10 to 80% by weight, more preferably 20 to 70% by weight, based on the weight of the liquid crystal medium. Furthermore, the liquid crystal medium of the present invention typically comprises, based on the weight of the liquid crystal medium:

[0660] 10 to 60% by weight, preferably 20 to 50% by weight, more preferably 30 to 40% by weight of at least one compound of formula Z1;

[0661] 1 to 20% by weight, preferably 2 to 15% by weight, more preferably 3 to 10% by weight of at least one compound of formula Z3; and

[0662] 1 to 30% by weight, preferably 2 to 20% by weight, more preferably 5 to 15% by weight of at least one compound of formula Z4.

[0663] The total content of the compound of formula III (preferably selected from compounds of formula III-1, III-16 and III-20) in the liquid crystal medium is preferably 1 to 30% by weight, more preferably 2 to 20% by weight, based on the weight of the liquid crystal medium. In this case, it is advantageous to use at least two, more preferably at least three compounds of formula III-1, III-16 or III-20, wherein each individual compound is present at a concentration of 1 to 20% by weight, preferably 2 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0664] The total content of the compound of formula XIV (which is preferably represented by the compound of formula XIVd) in the liquid crystal medium is preferably 1 to 30% by weight, more preferably 5 to 15% by weight, based on the weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0665] The total content of the compound of formula XVI (which is preferably represented by the compound of formula XVIc) in the liquid crystal medium is preferably 1 to 20% by weight, more preferably 2 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0666] Another preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0667] - The liquid crystal medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I, compounds of formula P, and one or more compounds selected from formulas LP1 and LP2, Z1 to Z11, Y, B, LY, AY, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, XII, XIII, XIV, XV, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XVIII, XIX, XX, XXI, XXII, XXIII, XXIV, XXV, XXVI, XXVII, XXVIII, XXIX, XXX, XXX1, XXX2, XXX3, XXXI, XXXII, XXXIII and XXXIV and their derivatives.

[0668] - The liquid crystal medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I or its sub-formulas, compounds of formula P, and one or more compounds selected from formulas LP1, LP2, Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Y, B, II, III, IV, VI, XIV, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XX, XXII, XXIII, XXIX, XXXI and XXXIV and their sub-formulas.

[0669] - This liquid crystal medium does not contain compounds of the formula Y, B, AY or LY.

[0670] - The liquid crystal medium comprises one or more compounds of formula II, preferably selected from formulas II-1, II-2 and II-3, and very preferably selected from formulas II-1 and II-2. The individual concentration of each of these compounds is preferably 2 to 15% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 5 to 25% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0671] The liquid crystal medium comprises one or more compounds of formula III, preferably selected from formulas III-1, III-4, III-6, III-16, III-19, and III-20, and very preferably selected from formulas III-1, III-6, III-16, and III-20. The individual concentration of each of these compounds is preferably 2 to 15% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 5 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0672] The liquid crystal medium contains one or more compounds of formula IV, preferably selected from formula IVa or IVc, very preferably selected from formula IVa-1 or IVc-1, and most preferably formula IVc-1. The individual concentration of each of these compounds is preferably 2 to 15% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 5 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0673] The liquid crystal medium contains one or more compounds of formula VI, preferably selected from formula VIb. The individual concentration of each of these compounds is preferably 1 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 5 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0674] - The liquid crystal medium contains one or more compounds of formula Z1, preferably selected from formula Z1-1. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 1 to 60% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium, and very preferably 5 to 50% by weight.

[0675] - The liquid crystal medium contains one or more compounds of formula Z2, preferably selected from formulas Z2-1 and Z2-2. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 35% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium, and very preferably 3 to 25% by weight.

[0676] - The liquid crystal medium contains 5 to 20% by weight of a compound of formula Z3, preferably a compound of formula Z3-1, based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0677] - The liquid crystal medium contains 5 to 20% by weight of a compound of formula Z4, preferably a compound of formula Z4-1, based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0678] - The liquid crystal medium contains 10 to 65% by weight, very preferably 20 to 60% by weight, of a compound of formula Z5 based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0679] - The liquid crystal medium contains one or more compounds of formula XII, preferably XIIa or XIIb, very preferably XIIa, and most preferably XIIa-1. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 15% by weight.

[0680] -The liquid crystal medium contains 1 to 15% by weight of a compound of formula XIIb based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0681] - The liquid crystal medium contains one or more compounds of formula XIV, preferably XIVd, and very preferably XIVd1. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0682] - The liquid crystal medium contains one or more compounds of the formula XVIb, preferably XVIb-1, XVIb-2 and / or XVIb-3. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 15% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0683] - The liquid crystal medium contains one or more compounds of the formula XVIc, preferably XVIc-1, XVIc-2 and / or XVIc-3. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0684] - The liquid crystal medium contains one or more compounds of the XVIg formula, preferably XVIg-1 and / or XVIg-2. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 5 to 25% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0685] The liquid crystal medium contains one or more compounds selected from formulas XVIIa, XVIIb, and XVIIc, with a high preference for compounds of formula XVIIa where L is H and compounds of formula XVIIb where L is F. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0686] - The liquid crystal medium contains one or more compounds of formula XX, preferably formula XXa. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0687] - The liquid crystal medium contains one or more compounds of the formula XXI, preferably of the formula XXIa. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0688] - The liquid crystal medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXIII, preferably formula XXIIIa. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0689] - The liquid crystal medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXIX, preferably formula XXIXa. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0690] - The liquid crystal medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXX, preferably formula XXXa. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0691] - The liquid crystal medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXXI. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0692] - The liquid crystal medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXXI. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0693] - The liquid crystal medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXXIV, preferably formula XXXIVa. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 1 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0694] - The liquid crystal medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I (preferably formula I-2-6), compounds of formula P, one or more compounds selected from formulas Z1, Z2 and Z3, Z4, Z5 or their sub-formulas, one or more compounds selected from formula XIV or their sub-formulas, one or more compounds selected from formulas II, III, IV, VI, XX, XXIII and XXIX or their sub-formulas, and one or more compounds selected from formulas XII, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XXXI and XXXIV or their sub-formulas.

[0695] - The liquid crystal medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I (preferably formula I-2-6), compounds of formula P, one or more compounds selected from formulas Z1, Z2 and Z3, Z4, Z5 or their sub-formulas, one or more compounds selected from formulas Z1-1, Xb, XIb and XIVd or their sub-formulas, one or more compounds selected from formulas II, III, IVc, VIb, XXa, XXIIIa and XXIXa or their sub-formulas, and one or more compounds selected from formulas XIIb, XVIb, XVIc, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XXXI and XXXIVa or their sub-formulas.

[0696] - The liquid crystal medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I (preferably formula I-2-6), compounds of formula P, one or more compounds selected from formulas Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4 and Z5 or their sub-formulas, one or more compounds of formula Y (preferably selected from formulas Y1 and Y2), one or more compounds selected from formula XIV or their sub-formulas, one or more compounds selected from formulas II, III, IV, VI, XX, XXIII and XXIX or their sub-formulas, and one or more compounds selected from formulas XII, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XXXI and XXXIV or their sub-formulas.

[0697] - The liquid crystal medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I (preferably formula I-2-6), compounds of formula P, one or more compounds selected from formulas Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4 and Z5 or their sub-formulas, one or more compounds of formula B (preferably selected from formulas B1, B2 and B3), one or more compounds selected from formulas Z1-1, Z2-2, Z5 and XIVd or their sub-formulas, one or more compounds selected from formulas II, III, IVc, VIb, XXa, XXIIIa and XXIXa or their sub-formulas, and one or more compounds selected from formulas XIIb, XVIb, XVIc, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XXXI and XXXIVa or their sub-formulas.

[0698] In addition to compounds of formula I and P, the liquid crystal medium also contains compounds selected from formulas Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Y, B, IV, XII, XIV, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XXI, XXIII, XXIX, XXX, XXXI and XXIV or their sub-formulas.

[0699] In addition to compounds of formula I and P, the liquid crystal medium also contains compounds selected from formulas Z1, Z2, Z3, IV, XII, XIV, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XXI, XXIII, XXIX, XXX, XXXI and XXIV or their sub-formulas.

[0700] The proportion of compounds of formula Z1, Z2 and Z3 or their sub-formulas in the entire liquid crystal medium is 10 to 65% by weight, very preferably 20 to 60% by weight, based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0701] The proportion of the compound of formula Y or its sub-formulas in the entire liquid crystal medium is 0 to 20% by weight, very preferably 2 to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0702] The proportion of the compound of formula B or its sub-formulas in the entire liquid crystal medium is 0 to 20% by weight, very preferably 2 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0703] The proportion of compounds of formulas II, III, IV-VIII, XVIII-XXIII and XXVII-XXX in the entire liquid crystal medium is 30 to 60% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0704] The proportion of the compound of formula XII-XV in the entire liquid crystal medium is 40 to 70% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium.

[0705] The compounds of formulas XIV, XVIIa-c and XXXI-XXXIV are present in a proportion of 0.5 to 15% by weight of the total liquid crystal medium.

[0706] The term "alkyl" or "alkyl" in this application "It covers straight-chain and branched alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, especially straight-chain groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl and hexyl. Groups having 2 to 5 carbon atoms are generally preferred."

[0707] The term "alkenyl" or "alkenyl" "This encompasses straight-chain and branched alkenyl groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly straight-chain groups. Preferred alkenyl groups are C2-C7-1E-alkenyl and C4-C6-3E-alkenyl, especially C2-C6-1E-alkenyl. Particularly preferred examples of alkenyl groups are vinyl, 1E-propenyl, 1E-butenyl, 1E-pentenyl, 1E-hexenyl, 3-butenyl, 3E-pentenyl, 3E-hexenyl, 4-pentenyl, 4Z-hexenyl, 4E-hexenyl, and 5-hexenyl. Groups having up to 5 carbon atoms are generally preferred, especially CH2=CH and CH3CH=CH."

[0708] The term "fluoroalkyl" preferably encompasses a straight-chain group with terminal fluorine, namely fluoromethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 3-fluoropropyl, 4-fluorobutyl, 5-fluoropentyl, 6-fluorohexyl, and 7-fluoroheptyl. However, other positions of fluorine are not excluded.

[0709] The terms "oxaalkyl" or "alkoxy" preferably encompass the formula C n H 2n+1 -O-(CH2) m The linear group, wherein n and m each independently represent 1 to 6. m may also represent 0. Preferably, n = 1 and m = 1 to 6 or m = 0 and n = 1 to 3. More preferably, the alkoxy or oxaalkyl group may also contain one or more other O atoms such that the oxygen atoms are not directly connected to each other.

[0710] By appropriately selecting R 0 and X 0 The meaning of Δε can be modified in a desired manner, such as addressing time, threshold voltage, and steepness of the transmission characteristic curve. For example, compared to alkyl and alkoxy groups, 1E-alkenyl, 3E-alkenyl, 2E-alkenyloxy groups generally result in shorter addressing times, improved nematic tendency, and a higher ratio between the elastic constants K3 (bending) and K1 (unfolding). Compared to alkyl and alkoxy groups, 4-alkenyl, 3-alkenyl groups generally give lower threshold voltages and lower K3 / K1 values. The mixtures according to the invention are particularly characterized by high Δε values, thus exhibiting significantly faster response times compared to prior art mixtures.

[0711] The optimal mixing ratio of the compounds described above depends primarily on the desired properties, the selection of the components described above, and the selection of any other components that may be present.

[0712] A suitable mixing ratio within the range indicated above can be easily determined based on the specific circumstances.

[0713] The total amount of the compounds of the above formula in the liquid crystal medium according to the invention is not important. Therefore, the mixture may contain one or more other components for optimizing various properties. However, the higher the total concentration of the compounds of the above formula, the greater the expected improvement in the properties of the medium is generally observed.

[0714] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the liquid crystal medium according to the invention comprises compounds of formulas IV to VIII (preferably IV and V), wherein X 0This represents F, OCF3, OCHF2, OCH=CF2, OCF=CF2, or OCF2-CF2H. The advantageous synergistic effect with compounds of formulas I, II, and III results in particularly advantageous properties. In particular, mixtures containing compounds of formulas I, II, and III are characterized by their low threshold voltage.

[0715] The individual compounds of the above formulas and their sub-formulas that can be used in the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention are either known or can be prepared in a manner similar to known compounds.

[0716] The present invention also relates to a method for preparing a liquid crystal medium as described in the context, which involves mixing one or more compounds of formula I with one or more compounds of formula P, and optionally one or more compounds of formula H, and one or more compounds selected from formulas II, III, IV, VI, XIV, XII, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XX, XXIII, XXIX, XXXI and XXXIV.

[0717] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the liquid crystal medium additionally comprises one or more polymerizable compounds. The polymerizable compounds are preferably selected from formula M.

[0718] R a -B 1 -(Z b -B 2 ) m -R b M

[0719] Each group, whether identical or different in each occurrence, has the following meaning independently:

[0720] R a and R b This indicates P, P-Sp-, H, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO2, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, SF5, or a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 25 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be independently separated from each other by -C(R) 0 )=C(R 00 )-、-C C-、-N(R 00 -, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O- are substituted in such a way that the O and / or S atoms are not directly connected to each other, and wherein, in addition, one or more H atoms may be substituted by F, Cl, Br, I, CN, P or P-Sp-, wherein if B 1 and / or B 2 Contains saturated C atoms, R aand / or R b It can also represent a group that is spiro-linked to this saturated C atom.

[0721] Wherein group R a and R b At least one of them represents or contains the group P or P-Sp-,

[0722] P represents a polymerizable group.

[0723] Sp represents a spacer group or a single bond.

[0724] B 1 and B 2 It is an aromatic, heteroaromatic, alicyclic, or heterocyclic group, preferably having 4 to 25 ring atoms, and may also contain a fused ring, and is unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted with L.

[0725] Z b is -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -OCO-, -O-CO-O-, -OCH2-, -CH2O-, -SCH2-, -CH2S-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CF2S-, -SCF2-, -(CH2) n1 -, -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -(CF2) n1 -、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-、-C C-, -CH=CH-COO-, -OCO-CH=CH-, CR 0 R 00 Or a single key,

[0726] R 0 and R 00 Each of these can independently represent H or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.

[0727] m represents 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0728] n1 represents 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0729] L represents P, P-Sp-, OH, CH2OH, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO2, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, -C(=O)N(R x )2、-C(=O)Y 1 -C(=O)R x -N(R) x2, optionally substituted silyl groups, optionally substituted aryl groups having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, or alkoxycarbonyloxy groups having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be substituted with F, Cl, P, or P-Sp-.

[0730] P and Sp have the meanings indicated above.

[0731] Y 1 Indicates halogen,

[0732] R x The symbol represents P, P-Sp-, H, halogen, straight-chain, branched, or cyclic alkyl groups having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O- such that the O and / or S atoms are not directly connected to each other, and wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, Cl, P, or P-Sp-, optionally substituted aryl or aryloxy groups having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, or optionally substituted heteroaryl or heteroaryloxy groups having 2 to 40 carbon atoms.

[0733] The particularly preferred compound of formula M is wherein B 1 and B 2 Each of these groups independently represents one of the following: 1,4-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene, naphthalene-1,4-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, phenanthrene-2,7-diyl, 9,10-dihydro-phenanthrene-2,7-diyl, anthracene-2,7-diyl, fluorene-2,7-diyl, coumarin, flavonoids, wherein one or more CH groups in these groups may be replaced by N, cyclohexane-1,4-diyl, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced by O and / or S, 1, 4-Cyclohexenyl, bicyclo-[1.1.1]-pentane-1,3-diyl, bicyclo-[2.2.2]octane-1,4-diyl, spiro[3.3]-heptane-2,6-diyl, piperidine-1,4-diyl, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, indane-2,5-diyl, or octahydro-4,7-bridged methylene indane-2,5-diyl, wherein all of these groups may be unsubstituted or monosubstituted or polysubstituted as defined above.

[0734] The particularly preferred compound of formula M is wherein B 1 and B 2 Those that independently represent 1,4-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene, naphthalene-1,4-diyl, or naphthalene-2,6-diyl.

[0735] The most preferred compound M is selected from the following formula:

[0736]

[0737]

[0738]

[0739]

[0740]

[0741] Each group, whether identical or different in each occurrence, has the following meaning independently:

[0742] P 1 P 2 P 3 The polymerizable group is preferably selected from ethyleneoxy, acrylate, methacrylate, fluoroacrylate, chloroacrylate, oxetyl, and epoxy groups.

[0743] Sp 1 Sp 2 Sp 3 Indicates a single bond or a spacer group, wherein, in addition, group P 1 -Sp 1 -、P 1 -Sp 2 -and P 3 -Sp 3 One or more of the representations R in - aa The condition is the presence of the group P. 1 -Sp 1 -、P 2 -Sp 2 and P 3 -Sp 3 - at least one of them is different from R aa Preferred -(CH2) p1 -、-(CH2) p1 -O-、-(CH2) p1 -CO-O- or -(CH2) p1 -O-CO-O-, where p1 is an integer from 1 to 12.

[0744] R aa Represents H, F, Cl, CN, or a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 25 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be independently separated from each other by -C(R) 0 )=C(R 00 -C C-、-N(R 0-, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O- can be substituted in such a way that the O and / or S atoms are not directly connected to each other, and wherein, in addition, one or more H atoms can be replaced by F, Cl, CN or P. 1 -Sp 1 - Alternatively preferred are straight-chain or branched, optionally monofluorinated or polyfluorinated alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkyl carbonyl, alkoxy carbonyl, alkyl carbonyl or alkoxy carbonyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (wherein the alkenyl and alkynyl groups have at least 2 carbon atoms and the branched groups have at least 3 carbon atoms).

[0745] R 0 R 00 It represents H or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.

[0746] R y and R z Indicates H, F, CH3 or CF3,

[0747] X 1 X 2 X 3 This indicates -CO-O-, -O-CO-, or a single bond.

[0748] Z M1 Represents -O-, -CO-, -C(R) y R z - or -CF2CF2-,

[0749] Z M2 Z M3 This indicates -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, or -(CH2). n - where n is 2, 3, or 4.

[0750] L represents F, Cl, CN, or a straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyl, or alkoxycarbonyloxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, optionally monofluorinated or polyfluorinated.

[0751] L' and L" represent H, F, or Cl, respectively.

[0752] r represents 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0753] s represents 0, 1, 2, or 3.

[0754] t represents 0, 1, or 2.

[0755] x represents 0 or 1.

[0756] Compounds of formulas M2 and M13 are particularly preferred.

[0757] Further preferred tri-reactive compounds M15 to M31, especially M17, M18, M19, M22, M23, M24, M25, M30 and M31.

[0758] In compounds of formulas M1 to M31, the group Preferred

[0759]

[0760] Wherein L has one of the meanings given above or below in each occurrence, and is preferably F, Cl, CN, NO2, CH3, C2H5, C(CH3)3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH(CH3)C2H5, OCH3, OC2H5, COCH3, COC2H5, COOCH3, COOC2H5, CF3, OCF3, OCHF2, OC2F5 or P-Sp-, very preferably F, Cl, CN, CH3, C2H5, OCH3, COCH3, OCF3 or P-Sp-, more preferably F, Cl, CH3, OCH3, COCH3 or OCF3, especially F or CH3.

[0761] Preferred compounds of formulas M1 to M31 are those in which P 1 P 2 and P 3 Those representing acrylate group, methacrylate group, oxetyl group or epoxy group (most preferably acrylate group or methacrylate group).

[0762] Further preferred compounds of formulas M1 to M31 are those in which Sp 1 Sp 2 and Sp 3 Those are the single-key ones.

[0763] Further preferred compounds of formulas M1 to M31 are those in which Sp 1 Sp 2 and Sp 3 One of them is a single bond and Sp 1 Sp 2 and Sp 3 Another one that differs from single bonds.

[0764] Further preferred compounds of formulas M1 to M31 are those in which the Sp group, which is different from a single bond, is... 1 Sp 2 and Sp 3 It represents -(CH2) s1-X"-, where s1 is an integer from 1 to 6, preferably 2, 3, 4 or 5, and X" is a linker to the benzene ring and is -O-, -O-CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-O- or a single bond.

[0765] Liquid crystal media containing one, two or three polymerizable compounds of formula M (preferably selected from formulas M1 to M31) are particularly preferred.

[0766] More preferably, the liquid crystal medium according to the invention comprises one or more polymerizable compounds selected from Table E below.

[0767] Preferably, the proportion of the polymerizable compound selected from Formula M and Table E in the liquid crystal medium is 0.01 to 5% based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium, very preferably 0.05 to 1%, and most preferably 0.1 to 0.5%.

[0768] Observations have shown that adding one or more polymerizable compounds (such as those selected from Formula M and Table E) to a liquid crystal medium results in advantageous properties, such as fast response time. This type of liquid crystal medium is particularly suitable for PSA displays, where it exhibits low image viscosity, rapid and complete polymerization, rapid generation of low pretilt angles (which are stable after UV exposure), high reliability, high VHR value after UV exposure, and high birefringence. By appropriately selecting the polymerizable compound, it is possible to increase the absorption of the liquid crystal medium at longer UV wavelengths, making it possible to use such longer UV wavelengths for polymerization, which is advantageous for display manufacturing methods.

[0769] The polymerizable group P is a group suitable for polymerization reactions (e.g., free radical or ionic chain polymerization, addition polymerization, or condensation polymerization) or for polymer-like reactions (e.g., addition or condensation to the host polymer chain). Groups suitable for chain polymerization are particularly preferred, especially those containing C=C double bonds or -C. Those with C-triple bonds, as well as groups suitable for ring-opening polymerization, such as oxobutyl or epoxy groups.

[0770] The preferred group P is selected from CH2=CW 1 -CO-O-、CH2=CW 1 -CO-、 , , , CH2=CW 2 -(O) k3 -、CW 1 =CH-CO-(O) k3 -、CW 1 =CH-CO-NH-、CH2=CW 1-CO-NH-, CH3-CH=CH-O-, (CH2=CH)2CH-OCO-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2CH-OCO-, (CH2=CH)2CH-O-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2N-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2N-CO-, HO-CW 2 W 3 -、HS-CW 2 W 3 -、HW 2 N-, HO-CW 2 W 3 -NH-, CH2=CW 1 -CO-NH-, CH2=CH-(COO) k1 -Phe-(O) k2 - CH2=CH-(CO) k1 -Phe-(O) k2 -, Phe-CH=CH-, HOOC-, OCN- and W 4 W 5 W 6 Si-, where W 1 It represents H, F, Cl, CN, CF3, phenyl, or alkyl groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, especially H, F, Cl, or CH3, W 2 and W 3 Each independently represents H or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, particularly H, methyl, ethyl, or n-propyl, W 4 W 5 and W 6 Each independently represents Cl, an oxaalkyl or oxacarbonylalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and W. 7 and W 8 Each of the above independently represents H, Cl, or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 C atoms; Phe represents 1,4-phenylene, which is optionally substituted with one or more of the defined L groups, which are not P-Sp-; k1, k2, and k3 each independently represent 0 or 1, k3 preferably represents 1, and k4 represents an integer from 1 to 10.

[0771] The highly preferred group P is selected from CH2=CW 1 -CO-O-、CH2=CW 1 -CO-、 , , , CH2=CW 2 -O-、CH2=CW 2 -、CW 1 =CH-CO-(O) k3-、CW 1 =CH-CO-NH-、CH2=CW 1 -CO-NH-, (CH2=CH)2CH-OCO-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2CH-OCO-, (CH2=CH)2CH-O-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2N-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2N-CO-, CH2=CW 1 -CO-NH-, CH2=CH-(COO) k1 -Phe-(O) k2 - CH2=CH-(CO) k1 -Phe-(O) k2 -、Phe-CH=CH- and W 4 W 5 W 6 Si-, where W 1 It represents H, F, Cl, CN, CF3, phenyl, or alkyl groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, especially H, F, Cl, or CH3, W 2 and W 3 Each independently represents H or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, particularly H, methyl, ethyl, or n-propyl, W 4 W 5 and W 6 Each independently represents Cl, an oxaalkyl or oxacarbonylalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and W. 7 and W 8 Each of them independently represents H, Cl or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 C atoms, Phe represents 1,4-phenylene, k1, k2 and k3 each independently represent 0 or 1, k3 preferably represents 1, and k4 represents an integer from 1 to 10.

[0772] The highly preferred group P is selected from CH2=CW. 1 -CO-O-, especially CH2=CH-CO-O-, CH2=C(CH3)-CO-O- and CH2=CF-CO-O-, and also selected from CH2=CH-O-, (CH2=CH)2CH-O-CO-, (CH2=CH)2CH-O-, and .

[0773] Further preferred polymerizable groups P are selected from ethylene oxy, acrylate, methacrylate, fluoroacrylate, chloroacrylate, oxetane, and epoxy groups, with acrylate and methacrylate being the most preferred.

[0774] If Sp is different from a single bond, it preferably has the formula Sp"-X, such that the corresponding group P-Sp- conforms to the formula P-Sp"-X"-, where

[0775] "Sp" represents an alkylene group having 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 12, carbon atoms, optionally mono- or poly-substituted with F, Cl, Br, I, or CN, and wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be independently substituted with -O-, -S-, -NH-, or -N(R) groups. 0 )-、-Si(R 0 R 00 )-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, -S-CO-, -CO-S-, -N(R 00 -CO-O-、-O-CO-N(R) 0 )-、-N(R 0 )-CO-N(R 00 -, -CH=CH- or -C C- replaces O and / or S atoms in a way that prevents them from being directly connected to each other.

[0776] X" means -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, -CO-N(R 0 )-、-N(R 0 )-CO-、-N(R 0 )-CO-N(R 00 )-, -OCH2-, -CH2O-, -SCH2-, -CH2S-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CF2S-, -SCF2-, -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CF2-, -CH=N-, -N=CH-, -N=N-, -CH=CR 0 -、-CY 2 =CY 3 -、-C C-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, -O-CO-CH=CH-, or single bonds.

[0777] R 0 and R 00 Each independently represents H or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and

[0778] Y 2 and Y 3 Each can be represented independently as H, F, Cl, or CN.

[0779] X" is preferably -O-, -S-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -O-COO-, or -CO-NR. 0-、-NR 0 -CO-、-NR 0 -CO-NR 00 - or a single key.

[0780] Typical spacer groups Sp and -Sp"-X"- are, for example, -(CH2). p1 -、-(CH2CH2O) q1 -CH2CH2-, -CH2CH2-S-CH2CH2-, -CH2CH2-NH-CH2CH2- or -(SiR) 0 R 00 -O) p1 - where p1 is an integer from 1 to 12, q1 is an integer from 1 to 3, and R 0 and R 00 It has the meanings shown above.

[0781] The particularly preferred groups Sp and -Sp”-X”- are -(CH2). p1 -、-(CH2) p1 -O-、-(CH2) p1 -O-CO-、-(CH2) p1 -CO-O-、-(CH2) p1 -O-CO-O-, where p1 and q1 have the meanings indicated above.

[0782] The particularly preferred group Sp" in each case is a straight-chain ethylene, propylene, butylene, pentylene, hexylene, heptylene, octylene, nonylene, decylene, undecylene, dodecylene, octadecylene, ethyleneoxyethylene, methyleneoxybutylene, ethylenethioethylene, ethylene-N-methyliminoethylene, 1-methylalkylene, vinylene, propenylene, and butenylene.

[0783] In order to produce a PSA display, polymerizable compounds contained in the liquid crystal medium are polymerized or crosslinked in situ in the liquid crystal medium between the substrates of the LC display (if a compound contains two or more polymerizable groups), and optionally a voltage is applied to the electrodes simultaneously.

[0784] The structure of the PSA display according to the invention corresponds to the general geometry of a PSA display, as described in the prior art cited at the beginning. A geometry without protrusions is preferred, particularly those in which the electrodes on the color filter side are unstructured and only the electrodes on the TFT side have grooves. For example, a particularly suitable and preferred electrode structure for a PS-VA display is described in US 2006 / 0066793 A1.

[0785] The combination of the compounds of the preferred embodiments described above with the polymeric compounds produces low threshold voltage, low rotational viscosity and very good low-temperature stability in the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention, while maintaining constant high-definition bright spots and high VHR values.

[0786] The use of liquid crystal media containing polymerizable compounds allows for the rapid establishment of exceptionally low pretilt angles in PSA displays. In particular, compared to prior art media, liquid crystal media in PSA displays exhibit significantly shorter response times, especially grayscale response times.

[0787] Liquid crystal media having a nematic liquid crystal phase are generally preferred, and those without a chiral liquid crystal phase are even more preferred.

[0788] The present invention also relates to the use of the liquid crystal medium according to the invention described above and below for electro-optical purposes, particularly for use in shutter glasses, for 3D applications, for use in TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-FFS, positive VA and positive PS-VA displays, and to electro-optic displays, particularly electro-optic displays of the types described above, which contain the liquid crystal medium according to the invention described above and below, particularly TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-FFS, positive VA (vertically aligned) or positive PS-VA displays.

[0789] The present invention also relates to an electro-optic display, such as an STN or MLC display, having two planes parallel to an outer plate forming a cell with a frame, integrated nonlinear elements for switching individual pixels on the outer plate, and a nematic liquid crystal medium having positive dielectric anisotropy and high specific resistance located in the cell, wherein the nematic liquid crystal medium is a liquid crystal medium according to the present invention as described above and below.

[0790] The liquid crystal medium according to the present invention can significantly broaden the range of usable parameters. The achievable combination of clearing point, low temperature viscosity, thermal stability, UV stability, and high optical anisotropy is far superior to that of previous materials in the art.

[0791] In particular, combinations of compounds of formula I with compounds of formula Y and / or B, and additionally with compounds selected from formulas II-XXXIV or their sub-formulas, result in the liquid crystal medium exhibiting moderate positive dielectric anisotropy, and simultaneously exhibiting an increased dielectric constant perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the liquid crystal molecules. It also maintains low rotational viscosity and a low γ1 / K1 ratio. This enables liquid crystal displays, especially FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, and IPS-mode liquid crystal displays, to have high brightness and transmittance as well as low response time.

[0792] The liquid crystal medium according to the present invention is suitable for mobile and TFT applications, such as mobile phones and PDAs. Furthermore, the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention is particularly suitable for FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, and IPS displays based on dielectric positive liquid crystals.

[0793] The liquid crystal medium according to the present invention allows for a pressure of ≤100 mPa while maintaining the nematic phase at a temperature as low as -20°C, preferably as low as -30°C, particularly preferably as low as -40°C, and the clearing point at ≥70°C, preferably ≥75°C. s, more preferably ≤90 mPa s, or even more preferably ≤80 mPa s, with a preferred strength of ≤70 mPa The rotational viscosity γ1 of s enables the realization of excellent MLC displays with fast response times. The rotational viscosity was measured at 20 °C and 1 kHz.

[0794] Dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention at 20°C and 1 kHz Preferably, it is ≥+1.5, and very preferably +2 to +6.

[0795] Birefringence of the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention at 20°C n is preferably 0.1 to 0.16, very preferably 0.11 to 0.15, and most preferably 0.12 to 0.14.

[0796] The rotational viscosity γ1 of the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention is preferably ≤90 mPa·s, more preferably ≤80 mPa·s, and very preferably ≤70 mPa·s.

[0797] According to the liquid crystal medium of the present invention 1 / K1 ratio (where 1 is the rotational viscosity. 1. K1 is the elastic constant for warping deformation, preferably ≤4.0 mPa. . s / pN, with a highly preferred value of ≤3.8 mPa . s / pN, optimal value ≤3.5 mPa . s / pN.

[0798] The elastic constant K1 of the liquid crystal medium is typically ≥15pN, more preferably ≥17pN, and even more preferably ≥18pN.

[0799] The bending deformation elastic constant K3 of the liquid crystal medium of the present invention is typically ≥13pN, more preferably ≥14pN, and even more preferably ≥15pN.

[0800] The average elastic constant Kav of the liquid crystal medium is typically ≥13pN, more preferably ≥14pN, and even more preferably ≥15pN.

[0801] The nematic phase range of the liquid crystal medium according to the invention preferably has a width of at least 90°C, more preferably at least 100°C, and particularly at least 110°C. This range preferably extends at least from -25°C to +80°C.

[0802] It goes without saying that by appropriately selecting the components of the liquid crystal medium according to the invention, it is also possible to obtain a higher clearing point at a higher threshold voltage (e.g., above 100°C) or a lower clearing point at a lower threshold voltage, while maintaining other advantageous properties. It is also possible to obtain a liquid crystal medium with a higher Δε and therefore a lower threshold voltage with only a slight increase in viscosity. The MLC display according to the invention preferably operates at the first Gooch and Tarry transmission minimum [CH Gooch and HA Tarry, Electron. Lett. 10, 2-4, 1974; CH Gooch and HA Tarry, Appl. Phys., Vol. 8, 1575-1584, 1975], wherein, in addition to particularly advantageous electro-optical properties (e.g., high steepness of feature lines and low angle dependence of contrast (German Patent 30 22 818)), a lower dielectric anisotropy is sufficient at the same threshold voltage as in a similar display at the second minimum. This allows for a significantly higher resistivity at the first minimum, compared to liquid crystal media containing cyano compounds. By appropriately selecting the components and their weight ratios, those skilled in the art can use simple, conventional methods to set the necessary birefringence for a predetermined layer thickness of an MLC display.

[0803] Measurement of voltage retention rate (HR) [S. Matsumoto et al., Liquid Crystals] 5 , 1320(1989); K. Niwa et al., Proc. SID Conference, San Francisco, June 1984, p. 304(1984); G. Weber et al., Liquid Crystals 5 [1381 (1989)] has shown that the liquid crystal media comprising compounds of formulas ST-1, ST-2, RV, IA, and IB according to the present invention, and comprising... cyanophenylcyclohexane or formula Compared to similar mixtures of esters, it showed a significantly smaller HR reduction during UV exposure.

[0804] The liquid crystal media according to the present invention have much better light stability and UV stability, that is, they exhibit significantly less HR drop when exposed to light, heat or UV.

[0805] The structure of the MLC display according to the present invention comprises a polarizer, an electrode base plate, and surface-treated electrodes, conforming to the typical design of this type of display. The term "typical design" is used broadly herein and also covers all derivatives and modifications of MLC displays, particularly including matrix display elements based on polysilicon TFTs or MIMs.

[0806] However, the significant difference between the display according to the present invention and conventional displays based on twisted nematic cells to date lies in the selection of liquid crystal parameters of the liquid crystal layer.

[0807] The liquid crystal medium that can be used according to the invention can be prepared in its conventional manner, for example by mixing one or more compounds of claim 1 with one or more compounds of formulas Z1 to Z11, LP1 and LP2, II-XXXIV, or with other liquid crystal compounds and / or additives. Generally, the required amount of the component used in a small amount is dissolved in the component constituting the main component, advantageously at an elevated temperature. The components can also be mixed in a solution in an organic solvent (e.g., in acetone, chloroform, or methanol), and the solvent is removed again after thorough mixing, for example by distillation.

[0808] The LC medium may also contain other additives known to those skilled in the art and described in the literature, such as polymerization initiators, inhibitors, surfactants, light stabilizers, antioxidants such as BHT, TEMPOL, microparticles, free radical scavengers, nanoparticles, etc. For example, 0 to 15% by weight of multicolor dyes or chiral dopants or initiators, such as Irgacure® 651 or Irgacure® 907, may be added based on the total weight of the liquid crystal medium. Suitable stabilizers and dopants are mentioned in Tables C and D below.

[0809] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the LC medium contains one or more other stabilizers, preferably selected from the above-described formula H.

[0810] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more stabilizers selected from Table D.

[0811] Preferably, the proportion of stabilizer (such as those of formula ST-1 to ST-3) in LC medium is 10 to 2000 ppm, very preferably 30 to 1000 ppm.

[0812] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium according to the invention comprises a self-aligning (SA) additive, preferably at a concentration of 0.1 to 2.5% by weight based on the total weight of the LC medium. The LC medium according to this preferred embodiment is particularly suitable for polymer-stabilized SA-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, or SA-XB-FFS displays.

[0813] In a preferred embodiment, the SA-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, or SA-XB-FFS display according to the present invention does not contain a polyimide alignment layer. In another preferred embodiment, the SA-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, or SA-XB-FFS display according to this preferred embodiment contains a polyimide alignment layer.

[0814] The preferred SA additive used in this preferred embodiment is selected from compounds containing mesocrystalline groups and straight-chain or branched alkyl side chains, which are capped by one or more polar anchoring groups selected from hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino or thiol groups.

[0815] Further preferred SA additives contain one or more polymerizable groups, optionally linked to mesocrystalline groups via spacer groups. These polymerizable SA additives can be polymerized in an LC medium under conditions similar to those applied to the RM in the PSA method.

[0816] For example, suitable SA additives for inducing vertical alignment are disclosed in US 2013 / 0182202 A1, US 2014 / 0838581 A1, US 2015 / 0166890 A1 and US2015 / 0252265 A1, particularly for SA-VA mode displays.

[0817] In another preferred embodiment, the LC media or polymer-stabilized SA-FFS, SA-HB-FFS or SA-XB-FFS display according to the present invention contains one or more self-aligning additives selected from Table F below.

[0818] In addition, 0 to 15% by weight of multicolor dyes, additional nanoparticles, and conductive salts (preferably ethyl dimethyl dodecyl ammonium 4-hexyloxybenzoate, tetrabutyl tetraphenyl borate, or complex salts of crown ethers, based on the total weight of the LC medium) can be added to the liquid crystal medium. 24, 249-258 (1973))) are used to improve electrical conductivity, or to add substances to change dielectric anisotropy, viscosity and / or nematic phase orientation. Such substances are described, for example, in DE-A 22 09 127, 22 40 864, 23 21 632, 23 38 281, 24 50088, 26 37 430 and 28 53 728.

[0819] For the purposes of this invention and in the following embodiments, the structures of the liquid crystal compounds are indicated by acronyms and converted to chemical formulas according to Tables A through C below. All groups C m H 2m+1 C n H 2n+1 and C l H 2l+1 Or C m H 2m-1 C n H 2n-1 and C l H 2l-1 The compounds are straight-chain alkyl or alkylene groups, each having n, m, and l carbon atoms, respectively. Preferably, n, m, and l are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 independently of each other. Table A shows the codes for the core ring elements of the compounds, Table B lists the bridging units, and Table C lists the meanings of the symbols for the left and right end groups of the molecule. Acronyms consist of the code for the ring element with an optional linking group, followed by the first hyphen and the code for the left end group, and the second hyphen and the code for the right end group. Table D shows schematic structures of the compounds and their corresponding abbreviations.

[0820] Table A: Ring Elements

[0821]

[0822]

[0823]

[0824] Table B: Bridging Units

[0825]

[0826] Table C: End groups

[0827]

[0828]

[0829]

[0830] Where n and m are integers, and the three dots “…” are placeholders for other abbreviations from the table.

[0831] The following abbreviations were used:

[0832] (n, m, k, and l are each independent integers, preferably 1 to 9, more preferably 1 to 7; k and l can also be 0, preferably 0 to 4, more preferably 0 or 2, most preferably 2; n is preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, and in the combination "-nO-", it is preferably 1, 2, 3, or 4, more preferably 2 or 4; m is preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, and in the combination "-Om", it is preferably 1, 2, 3, or 4, more preferably 2 or 4. The combination "-lVm" is preferably "2V1".)

[0833] Preferred mixture components are shown in Tables D and E.

[0834] Table D

[0835]

[0836]

[0837] Table E

[0838] In the following formula, n and m each independently represent 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12, especially 2, 3, 5, and further 0, 4, 6.

[0839]

[0840]

[0841]

[0842]

[0843]

[0844]

[0845]

[0846]

[0847]

[0848] A liquid crystal medium is particularly preferred, which, in addition to compounds of formula I and P, contains at least one, two, three, four or more compounds selected from Table E.

[0849] Table F

[0850] Table F indicates the possible dopants typically added to the liquid crystal medium according to the invention. The liquid crystal medium preferably contains 0 to 10% by weight, particularly 0.01 to 5% by weight, and especially preferably 0.01 to 3% by weight of dopants based on the total weight of the LC medium.

[0851]

[0852]

[0853] Table G

[0854] Stabilizers, which may be added in an amount of 0 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the LC medium, as mentioned below, may be added to, for example, the liquid crystal medium according to the invention.

[0855]

[0856] n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7

[0857]

[0858] n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7

[0859]

[0860] n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 q = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7

[0861]

[0862]

[0863]

[0864]

[0865]

[0866] q = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10

[0867] Table H

[0868] Table H shows exemplary reactive mesocrystalline compounds (RM) that can be used in liquid crystal media according to the present invention.

[0869]

[0870]

[0871]

[0872]

[0873]

[0874]

[0875]

[0876]

[0877]

[0878]

[0879]

[0880]

[0881]

[0882]

[0883]

[0884]

[0885]

[0886]

[0887]

[0888] In a preferred embodiment, the mixture according to the invention comprises one or more polymerizable compounds, preferably selected from formulas RM-1 to RM-182. Among these, compounds RM-1, RM-4, RM-8, RM-17, RM-19, RM-35, RM-37, RM-39, RM-40, RM-41, RM-48, RM-52, RM-54, RM-57, RM-58, RM-64, RM-74, RM-76, RM-88, RM-91, RM-102, RM-10 are particularly preferred. 3. RM-109, RM-116, RM-117, RM-120, RM-121, RM-122, RM-139, RM-140, RM-142, RM-143 , RM-145, RM-146, RM-147, RM-149, RM-156 to RM-163, RM-169, RM-170 and RM-171 to RM-183.

[0889] Table I

[0890] Table I shows the self-aligning additives for vertical alignment used in the LC media of the SA-FFS, SA-HB-FFS and SA-XB-FFS displays according to the present invention:

[0891]

[0892]

[0893]

[0894]

[0895]

[0896]

[0897]

[0898]

[0899]

[0900]

[0901]

[0902]

[0903] In a preferred embodiment, the LC media, SA-VA and SA-FFS displays according to the invention comprise one or more SA additives selected from SA-1 to SA-48, preferably SA-14 to SA-48, very preferably SA-20 to SA-34 and SA-44, which are combined with one or more RMs.

[0904] The following mixture examples are intended to explain the invention, not to limit it.

[0905] In this context, percentage data refers to weight percentage. All temperatures are expressed in degrees Celsius. mp represents the melting point, and cl.p. = clearing point. Furthermore, C = crystalline, N = nematic, S = smectic, and I = isotropic. Data between these symbols represent transformation temperatures. Additionally, the following symbols are also used:

[0906]

[0907] Unless otherwise expressly indicated, all physical properties are determined according to “Merck Liquid Crystals, Physical Properties of Liquid Crystals”, November 1997, Merck KGaA, Germany, and are applicable to a temperature of 20°C. Detailed Implementation

[0908] Example

[0909] Basic mixture M1

[0910] Nematic LC mixtures are prepared as follows:

[0911]

[0912] K of the liquid crystal mixture av The value is 15.25 pN, and γ1 / K1 is 3.28 mPa·s / pN.

[0913] Mixture Example S1 (stabilized using compound of formula ST-2-3)

[0914] The nematic liquid crystal mixture according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0915]

[0916] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M1, the addition of 500 ppm of compound ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 And it does not affect the other physical properties of mixture M1.

[0917]

[0918] Basic mixture M2

[0919] Nematic LC mixtures are prepared as follows:

[0920]

[0921]

[0922] The Kav of the LC mixture was 14.12 pN, and the γ1 / K1 ratio was 3.63 mPa s / pN.

[0923] Mixture Example S2 (Stabilization using a compound of formula ST-1-3)

[0924] The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0925]

[0926] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M2, the addition of 500 ppm of the compound of formula ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 And it does not affect the other physical properties of mixture M2.

[0927]

[0928] Basic Mixture M3

[0929] The nematic LC mixture is prepared as follows:

[0930]

[0931] The Kav of this LC mixture is 14.87 pN, and the γ1 / K1 is 3.37 mPa s / pN.

[0932] Mixture Example S3 (Stabilization using a compound of formula H-3-1)

[0933] The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0934]

[0935] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M3, the addition of 1000 ppm of compound H-3-1 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 And it does not affect the other physical properties of mixture M3.

[0936]

[0937] Basic Mixture M4

[0938] The nematic LC mixture is prepared as follows:

[0939]

[0940] The Kav of this LC mixture is 14.78 pN, and the γ1 / K1 is 3.26 mPa s / pN.

[0941] Mixture Example S4 (stabilized using a compound of formula H-3-5)

[0942] The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0943]

[0944] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M4, the addition of 50 ppm of compound H-3-5 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 And it does not affect the other physical properties of mixture M4.

[0945] Basic Mixture M5

[0946] The nematic LC mixture is prepared as follows:

[0947]

[0948] The Kav of this LC mixture is 15.25 pN, and the γ1 / K1 is 3.25 mPa s / pN.

[0949] Mixture Example S5 (Stabilization using a compound of formula BHT-1)

[0950] The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0951]

[0952] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M5, the addition of 500 ppm of compound BHT-1 improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 And it does not affect the other physical properties of mixture M5.

[0953]

[0954] Basic Mixture M6

[0955] The nematic LC mixture is prepared as follows:

[0956]

[0957]

[0958] The Kav of this LC mixture is 14.83 pN, and the γ1 / K1 ratio is 3.47 mPa s / pN.

[0959] Mixture Example S6 (Stabilization using a compound of formula BHT-6)

[0960] The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0961]

[0962] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M6, the addition of 500 ppm of the BHT-6 compound improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 And it does not affect the other physical properties of mixture M6.

[0963]

[0964] Basic Mixture M7

[0965] The nematic LC mixture is prepared as follows:

[0966]

[0967] The Kav of this LC mixture is 15.10 pN, and the γ1 / K1 is 3.40 mPa s / pN.

[0968] Mixture Example S7 (Stabilization using a compound of formula BHT-7)

[0969] The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0970]

[0971] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M7, the addition of 500 ppm of the BHT-7 compound improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 And it does not affect the other physical properties of mixture M7.

[0972]

[0973] Basic Mixture M8

[0974] The nematic LC mixture is prepared as follows:

[0975]

[0976]

[0977] The Kav of this LC mixture is 15.10 pN, and the γ1 / K1 is 3.40 mPa s / pN.

[0978] Mixture Example S8 (Stabilization using compound of formula ST-1-3)

[0979] The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0980]

[0981] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M8, the addition of 500 ppm of compound ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 And it does not affect the other physical properties of the mixture M8.

[0982] Basic Mixture M9

[0983] The nematic LC mixture is prepared as follows:

[0984]

[0985] The Kav of the LC mixture is 14.98 pN, and the γ1 / K1 is 3.52 mPa s / pN.

[0986] Mixture Example S9 (Stabilization using compound of formula ST-1-3)

[0987] The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0988]

[0989] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M9, the addition of 500 ppm of compound ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 And it does not affect the other physical properties of mixture M9.

[0990] Basic Mixture M10

[0991] The nematic LC mixture is prepared as follows:

[0992]

[0993]

[0994] Mixture Example S10 (Stabilization using a compound of formula ST-1-3)

[0995] The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0996]

[0997] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M10, the addition of 500 ppm of compound ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure.100 And it does not affect the other physical properties of the mixture M10.

[0998] Basic mixture M11

[0999] The nematic LC mixture is prepared as follows:

[1000]

[1001]

[1002] Mixture Example S11 (Stabilization using a compound of formula ST-1-8)

[1003] The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1004]

[1005] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M11, the addition of 400 ppm of compound ST-1-8 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 And it does not affect the other physical properties of the mixture M11.

[1006]

[1007] Basic mixture M12

[1008] The nematic LC mixture is prepared as follows:

[1009]

[1010]

[1011] Mixture Example S12 (Stabilization using a compound of formula ST-2-8)

[1012] The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1013]

[1014] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M12, the addition of 300 ppm of compound ST-2-8 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 And it does not affect the other physical properties of the mixture M12.

[1015]

[1016] Basic Mixture M13

[1017] The nematic LC mixture is prepared as follows:

[1018]

[1019]

[1020] Mixture Example S13 (Stabilization using a compound of formula H-3-6)

[1021] The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1022]

[1023] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M13, the addition of 50 ppm of compound H-3-6 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 And it does not affect the other physical properties of the mixture M13.

[1024]

[1025] Basic Mixture M14

[1026] The nematic LC mixture is prepared as follows:

[1027]

[1028]

[1029] Mixture Example S14 (Stabilization using a compound of formula H-3-7)

[1030] The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1031]

[1032] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M14, the addition of 250 ppm of compound H-3-7 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 And it does not affect the other physical properties of the mixture M14.

[1033]

[1034] Basic Mixture M15

[1035] The nematic LC mixture is prepared as follows:

[1036]

[1037]

[1038] Mixture Example S15 (Stabilization using compounds of formulas ST-1-3 and H-3-1)

[1039] The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1040]

[1041] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M15, the combination of 500 ppm of compound ST-1-3 and 400 ppm of compound H-3-1 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 And it does not affect the other physical properties of the mixture M15.

[1042] Basic Mixture M16

[1043] The nematic LC mixture is prepared as follows:

[1044]

[1045] Mixture Example S16 (Stabilization using compounds of formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)

[1046] The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1047]

[1048] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M16, the combination of 500 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 and 400 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-1 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 And it does not affect the other physical properties of the mixture M16.

[1049] Basic Mixture M17

[1050] The nematic LC mixture is prepared as follows:

[1051]

[1052] Mixture Example S17 (Stabilization using compounds of formulas ST-1-3 and H-3-3)

[1053] The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1054]

[1055] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M17, the combination of adding 500 ppm of the compound of formula ST-1-3 and 500 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 And it does not affect the other physical properties of the mixture M17.

[1056] Basic Mixture M18

[1057] The nematic LC mixture is prepared as follows:

[1058]

[1059] Mixture Example S18 (Stabilization using compounds of formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-3)

[1060] The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1061]

[1062] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M18, the combination of 500 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 and 400 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 And it does not affect the other physical properties of the mixture M18.

[1063] Basic Mixture M19

[1064] The nematic LC mixture is prepared as follows:

[1065]

[1066] Mixture Example S19 (Stabilization using compounds of formulas ST-1-3 and H-3-2)

[1067] The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1068]

[1069] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M19, the combination of adding 500 ppm of the compound of formula ST-1-3 and 100 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 And it does not affect the other physical properties of the mixture M19.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal medium, characterized in that... It contains one or more compounds of formula I. Each substituent has the following meaning: R 1 and R 2 Each of the groups is independently an H atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenoxy group having 2 or 12 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , The H atoms are substituted in a manner such that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms, or cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy groups having 3 to 12 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms. L 1 and L 6 Each of these independently represents a H atom, F, Cl, or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 C atoms; and One or more compounds of formula P Each substituent has the following meaning: R 0 This indicates an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , The H atoms can be replaced by -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms can be replaced by halogen atoms. R 3 This represents an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups are optionally replaced by -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , The H atoms are substituted in a manner such that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms can be replaced by halogen atoms. Y 0 It represents H or CH3.

2. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... It contains one or more compounds selected from the following formula: in "alkyl" and "alkyl" "Indicates an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms; "alkenyl" and "alkenyl" Each group independently represents an alkenyl group having 2-6 carbon atoms; R'' represents C 1-6 Alkyl, C 1-6 Alkoxy or C 2-6 alkenyl; The medium preferably comprises a total of more than 45% by weight of compounds of formula Z1 and Z4.

3. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... It contains one or more compounds selected from the following formula: Each of the groups, independently of each other and in the same or different manner each time it appears, has the following meaning: R 0 Having the R of claim 1 1 One of the meanings given is X 0 This refers to F, Cl, halogenated alkyl groups, halogenated alkenyl groups, halogenated alkoxy groups, or halogenated alkenyloxy groups having up to 6 carbon atoms. L 1-6 Indicates H or F, and Y 0 It represents H or CH3.

4. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 or 2, wherein one or more compounds of formula II are selected from the following sub-formulas: Where R 0 and X 0 It has the meaning given in Equation II.

5. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 4, wherein one or more compounds of formula III are selected from the following sub-formulas: Where R 0 and X 0 It has the meaning given in Equation II.

6. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also contains one or more compounds selected from formulas LP1 and LP2: Each of the groups, in each occurrence, either identically or differently, and each independently of the others, has the following meaning: R 0 This indicates an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , The H atoms can be replaced by -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms can be replaced by halogen atoms. R 2 This indicates an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , The H atoms can be replaced by -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms can be replaced by halogen atoms; Y 1 and Y 2 Indicates H, F, or Cl; Y 0 Indicates H or CH3; and Each of the groups, in each occurrence, either identically or differently, and each independently of the others, has the following meaning: R 0 This indicates an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , The H atoms can be replaced by -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms can be replaced by halogen atoms. X 2 It represents an F atom or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenoxy group having 2 to 6 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms are replaced by F atoms; Y 1 and Y 2 Indicates H, F, or Cl; Y 0 It represents H or CH3.

7. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It contains one or more compounds of formula XIV: Where R 1 and R 2 Each can be independently represented as an alkyl, alkoxy, oxalyl, fluoroalkyl, or alkenyl group, each having a maximum of 6 carbon atoms.

8. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It contains one or more compounds of formula XVI: Where L 1 R 1 and R 2 It has the meaning shown in claim 2.

9. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It contains one or more compounds of the formula H: in R 11 Each of the following independently represents an H atom, F, or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms, wherein one of the -CH2- groups or, if present, multiple -CH2- groups can be substituted by -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted by -O-, and one or, if present, multiple -CH2- groups can be substituted by -CH=CH- or -C≡C-, and one or more H atoms can be substituted by F, OR 13 、N(R 13 (R) 14 ) or R 15 Replacement R 12 Alkyl groups, each independently representing an H atom and having 1 to 20 C atoms, wherein one or more -CH2- groups can be substituted with -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted with -O-; hydrocarbon groups containing cycloalkyl or alkylcycloalkyl units, wherein one or more -CH2- groups can be substituted with -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted with -O-, and one or more H atoms can be substituted with F, OR 13 、N(R 13 (R) 14 ) or R 15 Substitution, or aromatic or heteroaromatic hydrocarbon group, in which one or more H atoms can be ORed 13 、N(R 13 (R) 14 ) or R 15 Replacement R 13 and R 14 Each of these groups independently represents an alkyl or acyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aromatic hydrocarbon or carboxylic acid group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. R 15 Each of these groups independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. One or more -CH2- groups may be substituted with -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups may not be substituted with -O-. R 16 Each of these can be independently represented by a H atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an O-cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or an O-cycloalkyl group. Or OH, S 11 and S 12 Each of these groups independently represents an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein one -CH2- group or, if present, multiple -CH2- groups can be substituted with -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted with -O-, and one or more H atoms can be substituted with F, OR 13 、N(R 13 (R) 14 ) or R 15 Substitution, or representing a single bond, Y 11 To Y 14 Each can independently represent either methyl or ethyl. X 11 C represents... Z 11 To Z 14 Each of these can be represented independently as -O-, -(C=O)-, -O-(C=O)-, -(C=O)-O-, -O-(C=O)-O-, -(NR-). 13 )-、-NR 13 -(C=O)- or a single bond, if S 11 If it is a single bond, then Z 11 and Z 12 The two cannot both represent -O-; if S 12 If it is a single bond, then Z 13 and Z 14 The two cannot both represent -O-; and if q represents 0, then Z 12 and Z 13 The two cannot both represent -O-. p represents 1 or 2, q represents 0 or 1. o represents (3-p), n represents an integer from 1 to 10. m represents an integer from 0 to 8, where n p represents an integer from 1 to 10, preferably an integer from 3 to 8, and This represents an organic moiety with (m+n) bonding sites; and / or one or more compounds of formula ST: Each substituent has the following meaning: express X 21 X 22 Each can be represented independently as -O-, -CH2-, or -CHR. 23 -or-NR 23 -, R 21 and R 22 Each of the following groups independently represents an H atom or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkenyl, ynyl, alkenoxy, or alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally represented by -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , The H atoms are substituted in a manner such that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms, or cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy groups having 3 to 12 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms. R 23 Represents an H atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 C atoms, r represents 0 or 1.

10. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... It additionally contains one or more polymerizable compounds.

11. A method for preparing a liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... Mix one or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formula P with one or more mesocrystalline compounds and optionally one or more polymerizable compounds or compounds of formula M and / or one or more additives.

12. Use of the liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 or 2 for electro-optical purposes.

13. The use according to claim 13, characterized in that, The liquid crystal medium is used in energy-saving liquid crystal displays.

14. An electro-optic liquid crystal display containing the liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 or 2.

15. Energy-saving electro-optical liquid crystal displays, including TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-HB-FFS, PS-XB-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, SA-XB-FS, polymer-stabilized SA-HB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-XB-FFS, positive VA, or positive PS-VA displays.

16. The electro-optic liquid crystal display according to claim 15, characterized in that... It is an FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-HB-FFS, PS-XB-FFS, IPS, or PS-IPS monitor.

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