An integrated forming and cleaning apparatus for rare earth ingots

Abstract

The present application relates to rare earth ingot forming, cleaning technical field, specifically to a kind of integrated forming and cleaning equipment of rare earth metal ingot;Including electrolytic furnace unit and being arranged at the side of electrolytic furnace unit cleaning unit, also including being arranged at the right side of cleaning unit impurity removal unit, cleaning unit and impurity removal unit between being equipped with mechanical arm unit;Cleaning unit is used to remove the oxide layer outside rare earth ingot, and mechanical arm unit removes the rare earth ingot of oxide layer and is transferred to impurity removal unit, and impurity removal unit is used to remove the impurity outside rare earth ingot;The present application solves how to realize the technical problem of the automatic removal of the oxide layer outside rare earth ingot.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rare earth ingot forming and cleaning technology, specifically to an integrated forming and cleaning device for rare earth metal ingots. Background Technology

[0002] Rare earth metal electrolytic cells are used to electrolyze rare earth metals. Rare earth metal raw materials are added to the molten salt in the electrolytic cell, and the precipitated rare earth metal falls into a crucible below. Then, a manual clamp is used to push the cathode rod, rotating it to the edge of the cell. The crucible is then removed using the manual clamp, and the molten rare earth liquid is poured into a mold. After cooling, the ingot is demolded to obtain a rare earth ingot. Figure 1 As shown, a slag layer forms on the surface of rare earth ingots, which is then removed by workers using hammers, files, and other tools to break it down.

[0003] Therefore, the problem in the existing technology is: how to achieve automated removal of the oxide layer on the outside of rare earth ingots. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an integrated forming and cleaning device for rare earth metal ingots, aiming to solve the problem of how to achieve automated removal of the oxide layer on the outer side of rare earth ingots.

[0005] The technical solution used in this invention is as follows:

[0006] An integrated forming and cleaning device for rare earth metal ingots includes an electrolytic furnace unit and a cleaning unit located on the side of the electrolytic furnace unit, and a purification unit located to the right of the cleaning unit. A robotic arm unit is provided between the cleaning unit and the purification unit. The cleaning unit is used to remove the oxide layer on the outside of the rare earth ingot. The robotic arm unit transfers the rare earth ingot with the oxide layer removed to the purification unit, which is used to remove impurities from the outside of the rare earth ingot. The cleaning unit includes a cleaning support and a cleaning box arranged opposite each other. The two sides of the cleaning support are fixed by horizontal connecting plates. A connecting beam is provided on the lower side of the cleaning box, and the cleaning box is located on the upper side of the cleaning support through the connecting beam and spring seat. The bottom of the cleaning box... The cleaning box is arc-shaped, with a long, narrow cleaning groove at the bottom. Several steel balls, each with a diameter larger than the cleaning groove, are placed inside the cleaning box. First vibration motors are located on both sides of the cleaning box. A material guide and ejection mechanism is located between the horizontal connecting plates. This mechanism includes an upper top plate connected to the horizontal connecting plates, with an upper push rod on the lower side of the upper top plate. The push head of the upper push rod extends upward through the upper top plate and is fixed to it. A guide plate, inclined towards the center, is positioned between the upper push plates. Several ejector pins, corresponding to the cleaning groove, are located on the guide plate. The distance between adjacent ejector pins is greater than the diameter of the steel balls. The ejector pins enter the cleaning box from the cleaning groove, ejecting the rare earth ingots from the steel ball pile.

[0007] Furthermore, the cleaning bracket is equipped with a stabilizing cylinder. The push head of the stabilizing cylinder extends upward through the cleaning bracket and is fixed to the stabilizing plate. The stabilizing plate has a spring groove corresponding to the spring seat, and the spring seat is located inside the spring groove. Guide cones are provided at both ends of the cleaning bracket, and guide grooves corresponding to the guide cones are provided on the lower side of the connecting beam. An electromagnet is provided in the middle of the cleaning bracket. The electromagnet is used to attract the connecting beam after the cleaning bracket comes into contact with it, thus attracting the cleaning box and the cleaning bracket into a whole.

[0008] Furthermore, the robotic arm unit includes a six-axis robotic arm mounted on the ground and a gripper located at the execution end of the robotic arm. It also includes a placement platform for holding rare earth ingots with their oxide layers removed. The gripper has a U-shaped cross-section, with a downward-moving cylinder on its upper side. The pusher of the downward-moving cylinder passes through the gripper and is fixed to the downward-moving seat. A horizontal push groove is formed on the lower side of the gripper. A horizontal push double-headed cylinder is fixed on the downward-moving seat, with the pushers on both sides of the horizontal push double-headed cylinder extending out of the downward-moving seat and fixed to the upper side of a horizontal push rod. The horizontal push rod slides within the horizontal push groove, with its lower side extending out of the horizontal push groove and fixed to a horizontal push plate. The lower side of the horizontal push plate is blade-shaped. A cylinder plate is located on the lower side of the gripper, and the double-headed clamping cylinder is mounted on the cylinder plate. The pusher of the double-headed clamping cylinder extends out of the cylinder plate and is fixed to the gripping arm, which is used to grip the rare earth ingot.

[0009] The impurity removal unit includes a lateral movement mechanism and an impurity removal transfer mechanism located on the lateral movement mechanism. The lateral movement mechanism is a chain slide rail type lateral movement mechanism used to drive the impurity removal transfer mechanism to move laterally. Impurity collection box and rare earth ingot recovery box are arranged in sequence between the lateral movement mechanisms. A dust collection device is provided on the upper side of the impurity collection box. The dust collection device is fixed to the ground by the support legs.

[0010] Furthermore, the impurity removal and transfer mechanism includes an impurity removal box, which is a rectangular structure with openings at the top and bottom. A second vibration motor and a vibration ear plate are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the impurity removal box. The lower side of the vibration ear plate is fixed to the transverse connecting plate by a vibration spring. The lower side of the transverse connecting plate is connected to the moving end of the transverse mechanism. The transverse connecting plate does not contact the impurity removal box. When the impurity removal and transfer mechanism moves above the impurity collection box, the second vibration motor starts, the impurity removal box vibrates, and the impurities attached to the rare earth ingot fall into the impurity collection box below.

[0011] Furthermore, the impurity removal box has installation channels on both sides, and a fixing cavity is located within the installation channels. A discharge push rod is provided on the side of the fixing cavity, and the push head of the discharge push rod extends into the fixing cavity and is fixed to the side of the mesh frame. The mesh frame is an annular cavity structure, and several blowing frames are provided on the inner side of the mesh frame. The inner cavity of the blowing frame is connected to the inner cavity of the mesh frame, and several blowing holes are provided on the upper side of the blowing frame. An installation port is provided on the side of the mesh frame, and the installation port is connected to the inner cavity of the mesh frame. A support mesh is provided on the upper side of the mesh frame. When the impurity removal box vibrates to remove impurities attached to the rare earth ingot, airflow is blown out through the blowing holes to further blow the surface of the rare earth ingot.

[0012] Furthermore, the edge of the fixed cavity is provided with several bristles that contact the support mesh. When the mesh frame is retracted, the bristles brush away the impurities attached to the support mesh. A cleaning diversion pipe is fixed inside the fixed cavity, and the cleaning diversion pipe is directly opposite the bristles. The cleaning diversion pipe, the mesh frame, and the conversion spraying assembly are connected. When the discharge push rod extends, the conversion spraying assembly blows air into the mesh frame to clean the rare earth ingots. When the discharge push rod retracts, the conversion spraying assembly blows air into the cleaning diversion pipe to clean the bristles.

[0013] Furthermore, the conversion jetting assembly includes an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve that slides inside the outer sleeve. The outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are sealed by a sealing ring. The side of the outer sleeve is connected to the mounting port of the mesh frame. The inner sleeve is fixed to the fixing cavity. An air pump is provided on the lower side of the fixing cavity. The exhaust end of the air pump is connected to the side of the inner sleeve through a connecting hose. A jetting head is provided on the other side of the inner sleeve. The jetting head is a cylindrical cavity structure that communicates with the inner sleeve. Conversion holes are arranged in a ring on both sides of the inner sleeve. A first sealing ring and a second sealing ring are respectively provided inside the outer sleeve. The first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are located on both sides of the jetting head. A connection port is provided on the outer sleeve between the sealing ring and the second sealing ring. The connection port is connected to the main pipeline of the cleaning diversion pipe through a corrugated pipe.

[0014] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows: Rare earth ingots to be processed are placed in a cleaning box. The first vibration motors on both sides of the cleaning box are activated, causing the entire cleaning box to vibrate. Several steel balls inside the box contact the surface of the rare earth ingots as the cleaning box vibrates. The impact force of the steel balls acts on the relatively soft oxide layer on the surface of the rare earth ingots, causing the oxide layer to break and separate from the rare earth ingot body. The broken oxide layer falls through the cleaning trough into a guide plate, which gathers the broken oxide layer in the middle and enters the oxide layer collection box, achieving centralized collection of oxide layer impurities. After the oxide layer cleaning is completed, the upper push rod is activated. The push head of the upper push rod drives the upper push plate upwards, and the guide plates, which are arranged opposite to each other between the upper push plates, rise synchronously. The ejector pins extend from the cleaning groove into the cleaning box, directly contacting and ejecting the rare earth ingots buried in the steel ball pile. The distance between adjacent ejector pins is greater than the diameter of the steel balls, ensuring that the steel balls can fall through the gaps between the ejector pins during the ejector pin's ascent, preventing the steel balls from being lifted up along with the rare earth ingots. The material ejection mechanism solves the technical problem of the rare earth ingots being buried by steel balls after vibration cleaning and being difficult to automatically remove. Through the integrated design of the ejector pins and the guide plate, it continues to carry out the material guiding function while ejecting the rare earth ingots, realizing the dual functions of cleaning and separation. The distance between the ejector pins is greater than the diameter of the steel balls, ensuring that only the rare earth ingots are ejected while the steel balls remain in the box, realizing the rapid separation of the rare earth ingots and steel balls, and ensuring that the robotic arm unit can accurately grasp the rare earth ingots. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the oxide layer formed by slag formation on the surface of rare earth ingots according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated molding and cleaning equipment for rare earth metal ingots according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning unit structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the guide cone block and guide groove of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the material ejection mechanism of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the material ejection mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the robotic arm unit of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the robotic arm unit structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping double-headed cylinder and clamping arm connection of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the movement of the robotic arm unit of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the impurity removal unit structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the impurity removal and transfer mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the impurity removal box structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixed cavity of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the mesh frame structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the conversion jetting assembly structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer sleeve of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 18 This is a diagram showing the state of the nozzle of the present invention being blocked by the second sealing ring.

[0033] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the crucible removal mechanism of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the crucible flipping mechanism of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the crucible support structure of the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram, 1. Electrolytic furnace unit; 2. Cleaning support; 3. Horizontal connecting plate; 4. Support leg; 5. Cleaning box; 6. Connecting beam; 7. Spring seat; 8. Cleaning groove; 9. Steel ball; 10. First vibration motor; 11. Oxide layer collection box; 12. Upper top plate; 13. Upper push rod; 14. Upper push plate; 15. Guide plate; 16. Ejector pin; 17. Stabilizing cylinder; 18. Stabilizing plate; 19. Spring groove; 20. Guide cone; 21. Guide groove; 22. Electromagnet; 23. Six-axis robotic arm; 24. Clamping seat; 25. Placement platform; 26. Lowering cylinder; 27. Lowering seat; 28. Horizontal push double-headed cylinder; 29. ​​Horizontal push rod; 30. Horizontal push plate; 31. Cylinder plate; 32. Clamping double-headed cylinder; 33. Clamping arm; 34. Horizontal movement mechanism; 35. Impurity removal box; 36. Second vibration motor; 37. Vibration ear plate; 38. Vibration spring; 39. Horizontal movement connecting plate; 40. Installation channel; 41. Fixed cavity; 42. Discharge push rod; 43. Mesh plate Frame; 44. Blowing frame; 45. Blowing hole; 46. Mounting port; 47. Support mesh; 48. Brush bristles; 49. Cleaning diversion pipe; 50. Outer sleeve; 51. Inner sleeve; 52. Sealing ring; 53. Air pump; 54. Connecting hose; 55. Blowing head; 56. Conversion hole; 57. First sealing ring; 58. Second sealing ring; 59. Connection port; 60. Corrugated pipe; 61. Dust collection device; 62. Rare earth ingot recovery box; 63. Impurity collection box; 64. Support column; 65. Mounting base plate; 66. Crucible horizontal movement push rod; 67. Angle steel plate; 68. Crucible vertical base frame; 69. Crucible vertical movement push rod; 70. Clamping base; 71. Double-headed push rod; 72. Crucible arm; 73. Crucible clamping plate; 74. Flipping base plate; 75. Crucible bracket; 76. Crucible clamping plate; 77. Bracket shaft; 78. Flipping motor; 79. Crucible push rod; 80. Crucible chuck; 81. Mold base frame; 82. Mold push rod; 83. Mold clamping plate; 84. Mold slot. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood through the specific circumstances.

[0039] like Figure 2As shown, this invention provides an integrated forming and cleaning device for rare earth metal ingots, including an electrolytic furnace unit 1 and a cleaning unit located on the side of the electrolytic furnace unit 1, and a purification unit located on the right side of the cleaning unit. A robotic arm unit is provided between the cleaning unit and the purification unit. The cleaning unit is used to remove the oxide layer on the outside of the rare earth ingot, and the robotic arm unit transfers the rare earth ingot with the oxide layer removed to the purification unit, which is used to remove impurities on the outside of the rare earth ingot. The electrolytic furnace unit 1 can be a traditional manual feeding type electrolytic furnace. Rare earth metal raw materials are put into the electrolytic furnace unit 1, and under high temperature, the precipitated rare earth metal falls into the crucible below. Then, a manual clamp is used to push the cathode rod, causing the cathode rod to rotate to the edge of the tank. The crucible is removed by the manual clamp, and the molten rare earth liquid is poured into the mold. The electrolytic furnace unit 1 can be an existing automatic feeding type electrolytic furnace, where the cathode rod is driven by a motor to automatically rotate to the edge of the tank. The robotic arm removes the crucible and places it into the crucible flipping mechanism, which pours the molten rare earth liquid into the casting mold.

[0040] Electrolysis furnace unit 1 can also be an automatic electrolysis furnace, in which the cathode rod can automatically rotate to one side of the furnace opening; such as Figure 19 As shown, the side of the electrolytic furnace unit 1 is provided with a crucible removal mechanism, and the furnace platform of the electrolytic furnace unit 1 is provided with a crucible tilting mechanism. The crucible removal mechanism is used to transfer the crucible from the electrolytic furnace unit 1 to the crucible tilting mechanism after smelting. The crucible tilting mechanism is used to pour the molten rare earth liquid in the crucible into the casting mold. The center of the furnace mouth of the electrolytic furnace unit 1, the crucible removal mechanism, and the crucible tilting mechanism are located on the same straight line. The crucible removal mechanism includes a support column 64 set on the ground. The upper side of the support column 64 is provided with an L-shaped cross-section mounting base 65. The mounting base 65 is provided with a crucible horizontal movement push rod 66. The push head of the crucible horizontal movement push rod 66 is fixed to the upper side of the crucible vertical base frame 68 through an angle steel plate 67. The crucible vertical base frame 68 is provided with a crucible vertical movement push rod 69. The push head of the crucible vertical movement push rod 69 extends downward out of the crucible. A vertical base frame 68 is fixed to a crucible clamping assembly, which is used to clamp the crucible. The crucible clamping assembly includes a clamping base 70 and a double-headed push rod 71 located within the clamping base 70. The two push heads of the double-headed push rod 71 are fixed to the upper side of the crucible arm 72, and a semi-circular crucible clamping plate 73 is provided on the lower side of the crucible arm 72. When the crucible is removed, the cathode rod of the electrolytic furnace unit 1 automatically rotates to one side of the furnace opening. The crucible horizontal movement push rod 66 moves the crucible clamping assembly to the upper side of the electrolytic furnace unit 1, and the crucible vertical movement push rod 69 drives the crucible clamping assembly vertically downward to the position corresponding to the crucible. The double-headed push rod 71 drives the crucible arm 72 to move towards each other, and the crucible clamping plate 73 clamps the crucible. The crucible horizontal movement push rod 66 and the crucible vertical movement push rod 69 drive the crucible clamping assembly back to its original position, and the crucible is removed and placed into the crucible flipping mechanism.

[0041] like Figure 20-21As shown, the crucible flipping mechanism includes flipping base plates 74 arranged opposite each other. A flipping motor 78 is provided on one side of the flipping base plate 74, and a crucible support 75 is provided between the flipping base plates 74. The crucible support 75 is provided with a crucible clamping plate 76 with a circular crucible groove. Support shafts 77 are provided on both sides of the crucible support 75. The motor shaft of the flipping motor 78 extends into the interior of the flipping base plate 74 and is fixed to the support shaft 77 on one side by a coupling. The support shaft 77 on the other side is rotatably engaged with the flipping base plate 74 by a bearing. Crucible push rods 79 are provided on the crucible support 75 on both sides, and the push head of the crucible push rod 79 passes through the crucible support 75. 5. The crucible is fixed to the crucible clamp 80; the side of the flip base plate 74 is provided with a mold base frame 81, and a mold push rod 82 is provided on the mold base frame 81. The push head of the mold push rod 82 passes through the mold base frame 81 and is fixed to the mold clamping plate 83. A mold clamping groove 84 for accommodating the casting mold is opened in the middle of the mold clamping plate 83; the crucible is placed in the crucible groove, the crucible push rod 79 extends, and the crucible clamp 80 clamps and fixes the crucible; the flip motor 78 drives the crucible support 75 to flip as a whole, and pours the molten rare earth liquid in the crucible into the casting mold; the mold push rod 82 extends and automatically pushes the casting mold out from under the crucible support 75.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, the cleaning unit includes a cleaning bracket 2 and a cleaning box 5 arranged opposite each other. The cleaning bracket 2 is a U-shaped frame structure, with both sides of the cleaning bracket 2 fixed by horizontal connecting plates 3, and the bottom of the cleaning bracket 2 supported by support legs 4. The cleaning box 5 has a connecting beam 6 on its lower side, and the cleaning box 5 is located on the upper side of the cleaning bracket 2 through the connecting beam 6 and spring seat 7. The cleaning box 5 has a rectangular box structure, with an arc-shaped bottom and a long strip cleaning groove 8 at the bottom. The cleaning box 5 contains several steel balls 9. The diameter of the steel ball 9 is larger than the width of the cleaning groove 8, so the steel ball 9 will not leak out of the cleaning groove 8; the cleaning box 5 is equipped with a first vibration motor 10 on both sides. The rare earth ingot to be deoxidized is placed in the cleaning box 5. The first vibration motor 10 causes the cleaning box 5 to vibrate as a whole. The steel ball 9 comes into contact with the softer oxide layer on the surface of the rare earth ingot, and the oxide layer on the surface of the rare earth ingot breaks and separates from the rare earth ingot; an oxide layer collection box 11 is provided between the cleaning supports 2. The broken oxide layer leaks out from the cleaning groove 8 and falls into the oxide layer collection box 11.

[0043] After the rare earth ingots were deoxideed, they were buried within a pile of steel balls. When the robotic arm unit moved them, it was unable to locate the rare earth ingots within the pile of steel balls. To solve this problem, such as... Figure 5As shown, a material ejection mechanism is provided between the horizontal connecting plates 3. The material ejection mechanism includes an upper top plate 12 connected to the horizontal connecting plate 3. An upper push rod 13 (either a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder) is provided on the lower side of the upper top plate 12. The push head of the upper push rod 13 extends upward through the upper top plate 12 and is fixed to an upper push plate 14 with an L-shaped cross section. Guide plates 15 inclined towards the middle are arranged opposite to each other between the upper push plates 14. Several ejector pins 16 corresponding to the cleaning groove 8 are provided on the guide plates 15. The distance between adjacent ejector pins 16 is greater than the diameter of the steel balls 9. The ejector pins 16 enter the cleaning box 5 from the cleaning groove 8 and eject the rare earth ingots out of the pile of steel balls 9. Figure 6 As shown, during operation, the rare earth ingot to be processed is placed into the cleaning box 5. The first vibration motors 10 on both sides of the cleaning box 5 are started, causing the entire cleaning box 5 to vibrate. Several steel balls 9 inside the box come into contact with the surface of the rare earth ingot as the cleaning box 5 vibrates. The impact force of the steel balls 9 acts on the softer oxide layer on the surface of the rare earth ingot, causing the oxide layer to break and separate from the rare earth ingot body. The broken oxide layer falls into the guide plate 15 through the cleaning trough 8. The guide plate 15 gathers the broken oxide layer to the middle and enters the oxide layer collection box 11 to achieve centralized collection of oxide layer impurities. After the oxide layer is cleaned, the upper push rod 1 is started. 3. The pusher of the upper push rod 13 drives the upper push plate 14 to rise. The guide plates 15 arranged opposite to each other on the upper push plates 14 rise synchronously. The ejector pins 16 on the guide plates 15 extend from the cleaning groove 8 into the cleaning box 5, directly contact the rare earth ingots buried in the pile of steel balls 9 and push them out. The distance between adjacent ejector pins 16 is greater than the diameter of the steel balls 9, ensuring that the steel balls 9 can fall through the gap between the ejector pins 16 during the rise of the ejector pins 16, and preventing the steel balls 9 from being pushed up with the rare earth ingots. Then the robotic arm unit accurately transfers the rare earth ingots with the oxide layer removed to the impurity removal unit, and the impurity removal unit completes the final removal of the residual impurities on the outside of the rare earth ingots.

[0044] The material ejection mechanism solves the technical problem of rare earth ingots being buried by steel balls 9 after vibration cleaning and difficult to automatically remove. Through the integrated design of ejector pins 16 and guide plates 15, it continues to carry out the material guiding function while ejecting rare earth ingots, realizing the dual functions of cleaning and separation. The spacing between ejector pins 16 is larger than the diameter of steel balls 9, ensuring that only rare earth ingots are ejected while steel balls 9 remain in the box, realizing the rapid separation of rare earth ingots and steel balls 9, and ensuring that the robotic arm unit can accurately grasp rare earth ingots.

[0045] Long-term vibration of the cleaning box 5 can cause deformation of the spring seat 7. When the deformation is severe, the cleaning groove 8 cannot be aligned with the ejector pin 16, thus preventing the ejector pin 16 from entering the cleaning box 5 through the cleaning groove 8. To solve this problem, such as... Figure 3-4As shown, the cleaning support 2 is equipped with a stabilizing cylinder 17 (either a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder). The push head of the stabilizing cylinder 17 extends upward through the cleaning support 2 and is fixed to the stabilizing plate 18. The stabilizing plate 18 has a spring groove 19 corresponding to the spring seat 7, and the spring seat 7 is located inside the spring groove 19. Guide cones 20 are provided at both ends of the cleaning support 2, and guide grooves 21 corresponding to the guide cones 20 are provided on the lower side of the connecting beam 6. An electromagnet 22 is provided in the middle of the cleaning support 2. The electromagnet 22 is used to attract the connecting beam 6 after the cleaning support 2 contacts the connecting beam 6, thus attracting the cleaning box 5 and the cleaning support 2 into a whole. The stabilizing cylinder 17 remains in a retracted state during the vibration cleaning stage. A gap is left between the stabilizing plate 18 and the bottom of the cleaning box 5, and the spring seat 7 can deform freely in the spring groove 19 to ensure that the vibration cleaning effect is not affected. When the oxide layer is cleaned and the rare earth ingot needs to be ejected, the stabilizing cylinder 17 drives the stabilizing plate 18 to rise, and the cleaning support 2 is lifted at both ends. The guide cone 20 is embedded in the guide groove 21 on the lower side of the connecting beam 6 of the cleaning box 5. The guide effect of the cone surface cooperation automatically corrects the horizontal deviation of the cleaning box 5. When the electromagnet 22 in the middle of the cleaning bracket 2 is energized, it generates a strong attraction force, which tightly attracts the connecting beam 6 of the cleaning box 5 and the cleaning bracket 2 into one, so that the cleaning box 5 and the cleaning bracket 2 are temporarily fixed into a rigid whole. At this time, the cleaning groove 8 and the ejector pin 16 are in a precise alignment state. The upper push rod 13 drives the guide plate 15 to rise, and the ejector pin 16 extends from the cleaning groove 8 into the cleaning box 5 to push the rare earth ingot out of the steel ball 9 pile. Through the synergistic action of the stabilizing cylinder 17, the stabilizing plate 18 and the spring groove 19, the dynamic mode switching of the cleaning box 5 under the two working conditions of vibration cleaning and ejection is realized: in the vibration stage, the spring seat 7 is allowed to deform freely to play the vibration reduction function, and in the ejection stage, the guide cone 20 and the guide groove 21 are used to correct the alignment, so as to avoid the fatigue displacement accumulated by long-term vibration from affecting the alignment accuracy.

[0046] like Figure 7 As shown, the robotic arm unit includes a six-axis robotic arm 23 mounted on the ground and a gripper 24 located at the execution end of the robotic arm. It also includes a placement platform 25 for placing rare earth ingots with their oxide layers removed. Figure 8-9As shown, the clamping seat 24 has a U-shaped cross-section. A downward-moving cylinder 26 is provided on the upper side of the clamping seat 24. The push head of the downward-moving cylinder 26 passes through the clamping seat 24 and is fixed to the downward-moving seat 27. A horizontal push groove is provided on the lower side of the clamping seat 24. A horizontal push double-headed cylinder 28 (simultaneous extension and retraction type) is fixed on the downward-moving seat 27. The push heads on both sides of the horizontal push double-headed cylinder 28 pass through the downward-moving seat 27 and are fixed to the upper side of the horizontal push rod 29. The horizontal push rod 29... The sliding fit is in the horizontal push groove, and the lower side of the horizontal push rod 29 passes through the horizontal push groove and is fixed to the horizontal push plate 30; the lower side of the horizontal push plate 30 is cut-edge shaped to facilitate insertion into the pile of steel balls 9; the lower side of the clamping seat 24 is provided with a cylinder plate 31, and the clamping double-headed cylinder 32 (simultaneous extension and retraction type) is installed on the cylinder plate 31; the push head of the clamping double-headed cylinder 32 passes through the cylinder plate 31 and is fixed to the clamping arm 33, which is used to clamp rare earth ingots.

[0047] like Figure 10 As shown, the demolded rare earth ingot is transferred to the placement platform 25; the downward cylinder 26 is in the retracted state, which is the clamping mode; the horizontal push plate 30 is located above the clamping arm 33; the execution end of the six-axis robotic arm 23 moves to the corresponding position, the clamping double-head cylinder 32 retracts, and drives the clamping arm 33 to clamp both sides of the rare earth ingot; the six-axis robotic arm 23 transfers the rare earth ingot with the oxide layer removed to the top of the cleaning box 5, and the downward cylinder 26 drives the downward seat 27 to descend vertically, so that the cutting edge structure on the lower side of the horizontal push plate 30 cuts into the pile of steel balls 9. Inside, the horizontally pushing double-headed cylinder 28 extends synchronously, pushing the horizontally pushing rods 29 on both sides to slide horizontally in opposite directions along the horizontally pushing groove. The horizontally pushing plate 30 expands outward, pushing the surrounding steel balls 9 to both sides to form a pit. The rare earth ingot is released, allowing it to enter the pit, making it easier for the steel balls 9 to cover and bury the rare earth ingot. After the cleaning unit completes the oxide layer crushing and cleaning, the ejector pin 16 pushes the rare earth ingot out of the pile of steel balls 9, and the downward moving cylinder 26 is in the retracted state. The robotic arm unit transfers the rare earth ingot with the oxide layer removed to the impurity removal unit.

[0048] like Figure 11As shown, the impurity removal unit can be an existing vibration impurity removal device. One embodiment of the impurity removal unit includes a transverse mechanism 34 and an impurity removal transfer mechanism mounted on the transverse mechanism 34. The transverse mechanism 34 is a chain slide rail type transverse mechanism 34, used to drive the impurity removal transfer mechanism to move laterally. An impurity collection box 63 and a rare earth ingot recovery box 62 are arranged sequentially between the transverse mechanisms 34. A dust collection device 61 is provided on the upper side of the impurity collection box 63, and the dust collection device 61 is fixed to the ground by the support leg 4. The robotic arm unit removes the oxide layer from the rare earth ingots. After being transferred to the impurity removal and transfer mechanism, the transverse movement mechanism 34 drives the impurity removal and transfer mechanism to move above the impurity collection box 63. The impurity removal and transfer mechanism vibrates to separate the impurities adhering to the rare earth ingots. The separated impurities fall into the impurity collection box 63 below. The dust collection device 61 performs directional suction of the fine dust generated during the cleaning process to prevent dust from escaping into the working environment. After the impurity removal process is completed, the transverse movement mechanism 34 continues to drive the impurity removal and transfer mechanism to move laterally above the rare earth ingot recycling box 62 and put the rare earth ingots into the rare earth ingot recycling box 62.

[0049] like Figure 12 As shown, the impurity removal and transfer mechanism includes an impurity removal box 35, which is a rectangular structure with openings at the top and bottom. A second vibration motor 36 and a vibration ear plate 37 are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the impurity removal box 35. The lower side of the vibration ear plate 37 is fixed to a transverse connecting plate 39 via a vibration spring 38. The lower side of the transverse connecting plate 39 is connected to the moving end of the transverse mechanism 34. The transverse connecting plate 39 does not contact the impurity removal box 35. When the impurity removal and transfer mechanism moves above the impurity collection box 63, the second vibration motor 36 starts, the impurity removal box 35 vibrates, and the impurities attached to the rare earth ingot fall into the impurity collection box 63 below. Figure 13-15 As shown, the impurity removal box 35 has installation channels 40 on both sides, and a fixing cavity 41 is located in the installation channel 40. A discharge push rod 42 is provided on the side of the fixing cavity 41, and the push head of the discharge push rod 42 extends into the fixing cavity 41 and is fixed to the side of the mesh frame 43. The mesh frame 43 is an annular cavity structure, and several blowing frames 44 are provided inside the mesh frame 43. The inner cavity of the blowing frames 44 is connected to the inner cavity of the mesh frame 43, and several blowing holes 45 are provided on the upper side of the blowing frames 44. An externally threaded mounting port 46 is provided on the side of the mesh frame 43, and the mounting port 46 is connected to the inner cavity of the mesh frame 43. A support mesh 47 is provided on the upper side of the mesh frame 43. When the impurity removal box 35 vibrates to remove impurities attached to the rare earth ingots, airflow is blown out through the blowing holes 45 to further blow the surface of the rare earth ingots, improving the removal effect. Figure 14 , 16As shown, the edge of the fixed cavity 41 is provided with several bristles 48, which are in contact with the support mesh 47. When the mesh frame 43 is retracted, the bristles 48 brush off the impurities attached to the support mesh 47. A cleaning diversion pipe 49 is fixed inside the fixed cavity 41, and the cleaning diversion pipe 49 is directly opposite the bristles 48. The cleaning diversion pipe 49, the mesh frame 43 and the conversion spraying assembly are connected. When the discharge push rod 42 is extended, the conversion spraying assembly blows air into the mesh frame 43 to clean the rare earth ingots. When the discharge push rod 42 is retracted, the conversion spraying assembly blows air into the cleaning diversion pipe 49 to clean the bristles 48.

[0050] After the robotic arm unit transfers the rare earth ingot with the oxide layer removed to the impurity removal box 35, the lateral movement mechanism 34 drives the lateral movement connecting plate 39 to move laterally, transporting the entire impurity removal box 35 above the impurity collection box 63. The second vibration motor 36 starts, driving the impurity removal box 35 to vibrate under the support of the vibration spring 38. Impurities attached to the surface of the rare earth ingot detach from the body under the action of inertial force, pass through the support net 47 and fall downwards into the impurity collection box 63. At the same time, the switching spray assembly delivers compressed gas to the annular inner cavity of the mesh frame 43. The gas passes through the inner cavities of each spray frame 44 connected to the mesh frame 43 and is finally sprayed upwards from the spray holes 45 on the upper side of the spray frame 44, simultaneously cleaning the surface of the rare earth ingot through vibration and... The combined effect of airflow jetting significantly improves the efficiency of impurity removal. After the impurity removal operation is completed, the transverse mechanism 34 transfers the impurity removal box 35 to the top of the rare earth ingot recycling box 62, the discharge push rod 42 retracts, the mesh frame 43 retracts, and the rare earth ingot falls into the rare earth ingot recycling box 62. During the movement, the support mesh 47 on the upper side of the mesh frame 43 contacts the bristles 48 on the edge of the fixed cavity 41, and the bristles 48 brush off the impurity particles attached to the support mesh 47. During the retraction process, the switching jetting component automatically switches the air path, from supplying air to the mesh frame 43 to supplying air to the cleaning diversion pipe 49. The high-pressure airflow is sprayed from the cleaning diversion pipe 49 directly in front of the bristles 48, blowing away the dust attached to the bristles 48, thus achieving self-cleaning of the bristles 48.

[0051] like Figure 16-18As shown, the conversion spray assembly includes an outer sleeve 50 and an inner sleeve 51 that slides inside the outer sleeve 50. The outer sleeve 50 and the inner sleeve 51 are sealed by a sealing ring 52. The side of the outer sleeve 50 is connected to the mounting port 46 of the mesh frame 43. The inner sleeve 51 is fixed to the fixing cavity 41. An air pump 53 is provided on the lower side of the fixing cavity 41. The exhaust end of the air pump 53 is connected to the side of the inner sleeve 51 through a connecting hose 54. A spray head 55 is provided on the other side of the inner sleeve 51, and the spray head 55 slides inside the outer sleeve 50. The inner sleeve 50 is sealed with a rubber ring; the blower head 55 is a cylindrical cavity structure connected to the inner sleeve 51, and conversion holes 56 are arranged in a ring on both sides of the inner sleeve 51; the inner sleeve 50 is provided with a first sealing ring 57 and a second sealing ring 58, which are located on both sides of the blower head 55; the outer sleeve 50 between the sealing ring 52 and the second sealing ring 58 is provided with a connection port 59, which is connected to the main pipeline of the cleaning diversion pipe 49 through the corrugated pipe 60.

[0052] When the discharge push rod 42 extends and drives the mesh frame 43 to extend outward, the outer sleeve 50 moves outward simultaneously. At this time, the side of the blow nozzle 55 contacts the second sealing ring 58. The gas generated by the air pump 53 enters the interior of the outer sleeve 50 through the connecting hose 54 and the inner sleeve 51, passes through the first sealing ring 57 and enters the mesh frame 43, and is blown upward from the blow hole 45 through the blow frame 44 to clean the rare earth ingots on the support mesh 47 with airflow. When the discharge push rod 42 retracts and drives the mesh frame 43 to retract inward, the outer sleeve 50 slides in the opposite direction. At this time, the side of the blow nozzle 55 contacts the first sealing ring 57, and the connection port 59 on the outer sleeve 50 is open. Compressed gas is delivered to the cleaning diversion pipe 49 through the corrugated pipe 60, and finally sprayed out from the cleaning diversion pipe 49 to clean the bristles 48 by reverse blowing.

[0053] Unless otherwise specified, the above methods of fixing all use common technical means employed by industry professionals, such as welding, nesting, or threaded fixing.

[0054] The following points need to be explained:

[0055] The accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention only involve the structures involved in the embodiments of the present invention; other structures can refer to general designs.

[0056] For clarity, the thickness of layers or regions is enlarged or reduced in the accompanying drawings used to describe embodiments of the invention; that is, these drawings are not drawn to scale. It is understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being “above” or “below” another element, the element may be “directly” located “above” or “below” the other element, or there may be intermediate elements present.

[0057] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0058] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Claims

1. An integrated forming and cleaning device for rare earth metal ingots, characterized in that, The system includes an electrolytic furnace unit (1) and a cleaning unit located on the side of the electrolytic furnace unit (1), and also includes a purification unit located on the right side of the cleaning unit. A robotic arm unit is provided between the cleaning unit and the purification unit. The cleaning unit is used to remove the oxide layer on the outside of the rare earth ingot. The robotic arm unit transfers the rare earth ingot with the oxide layer removed to the purification unit. The purification unit is used to remove impurities on the outside of the rare earth ingot. The cleaning unit includes a cleaning bracket (2) and a cleaning box (5) arranged opposite to each other. The two sides of the cleaning bracket (2) are fixed by a horizontal connecting plate (3). A connecting beam (6) is provided on the lower side of the cleaning box (5). The cleaning box (5) is connected to the upper side of the cleaning bracket (2) via a connecting beam (6) and a spring seat (7); the bottom of the cleaning box (5) is arc-shaped, and a long cleaning groove (8) is opened at the bottom of the cleaning box (5); a number of steel balls (9) are provided inside the cleaning box (5), and the diameter of the steel balls (9) is greater than the width of the cleaning groove (8); a first vibration motor (10) is provided on both sides of the cleaning box (5); a material guide ejection mechanism is provided between the horizontal connecting plates (3), and the material guide ejection mechanism includes an upper top plate (12) connected to the horizontal connecting plate (3), and an upper push rod (13) is provided on the lower side of the upper top plate (12); The pusher head of the push rod (13) extends upward through the upper top plate (12) and is fixed to the upper push plate (14). Guide plates (15) inclined towards the center are arranged opposite each other between the upper push plates (14). Several push pins (16) corresponding to the cleaning groove (8) are provided on the guide plates (15). The distance between adjacent push pins (16) is greater than the diameter of the steel ball (9). The push pins (16) enter the cleaning box (5) from the cleaning groove (8) and push the rare earth ingots out of the steel ball (9) pile. A stabilizing cylinder (17) is provided on the cleaning bracket (2). The pusher head of the stabilizing cylinder (17) extends upward through the cleaning bracket (13). 2) Fixed to the stabilizing plate (18), the stabilizing plate (18) is provided with a spring groove (19) corresponding to the spring seat (7), the spring seat (7) is located inside the spring groove (19); the cleaning bracket (2) is provided with guide cones (20) at both ends, and the lower side of the connecting beam (6) is provided with a guide groove (21) corresponding to the guide cones (20); the cleaning bracket (2) is provided with an electromagnet (22) in the middle, the electromagnet (22) is used to attract the connecting beam (6) after the cleaning bracket (2) contacts the connecting beam (6), and attract the cleaning box (5) and the cleaning bracket (2) into a whole.

2. The integrated forming and cleaning equipment for rare earth metal ingots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The robotic arm unit includes a six-axis robotic arm (23) mounted on the ground and a gripper (24) mounted on the execution end of the robotic arm. It also includes a placement platform (25) for placing rare earth ingots with the oxide layer removed. The gripper (24) has a U-shaped cross-section. A downward displacement cylinder (26) is provided on the upper side of the gripper (24). The push head of the downward displacement cylinder (26) passes through the gripper (24) and is fixed to the downward displacement seat (27). A horizontal push groove is provided on the lower side of the gripper (24). A horizontal push double-headed cylinder (28) is fixed on the downward displacement seat (27). The push heads on both sides of the double-headed cylinder (28) pass through the lower moving seat (27) and are fixed to the upper side of the horizontal push rod (29); the horizontal push rod (29) is slidably fitted in the horizontal push groove, and the lower side of the horizontal push rod (29) passes through the horizontal push groove and is fixed to the horizontal push plate (30); the lower side of the horizontal push plate (30) is cut-edge shaped; the lower side of the clamping seat (24) is provided with a cylinder plate (31), and the clamping double-headed cylinder (32) is installed on the cylinder plate (31); the push head of the clamping double-headed cylinder (32) passes through the cylinder plate (31) and is fixed to the clamping arm (33), and the clamping arm (33) is used to clamp rare earth ingots.

3. The integrated forming and cleaning equipment for rare earth metal ingots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impurity removal unit includes a transverse movement mechanism (34) and an impurity removal transfer mechanism located on the transverse movement mechanism (34). The transverse movement mechanism (34) is a chain slide rail type transverse movement mechanism (34) used to drive the impurity removal transfer mechanism to move laterally. Impurity collection box (63) and rare earth ingot recovery box (62) are arranged sequentially between the transverse movement mechanisms (34). A dust collection device (61) is provided on the upper side of the impurity collection box (63). The dust collection device (61) is fixed to the ground by a support leg (4).

4. The integrated forming and cleaning equipment for rare earth metal ingots according to claim 3, characterized in that, The impurity removal and transfer mechanism includes an impurity removal box (35), which is a rectangular structure with openings at the top and bottom. The front and rear sides of the impurity removal box (35) are respectively provided with a second vibration motor (36) and a vibration ear plate (37). The lower side of the vibration ear plate (37) is fixed to the transverse connecting plate (39) by a vibration spring (38). The lower side of the transverse connecting plate (39) is connected to the moving end of the transverse mechanism (34). The transverse connecting plate (39) does not contact the impurity removal box (35). When the impurity removal and transfer mechanism moves above the impurity collection box (63), the second vibration motor (36) starts, the impurity removal box (35) vibrates, and the impurities attached to the rare earth ingot fall into the impurity collection box (63) below.

5. The integrated forming and cleaning equipment for rare earth metal ingots according to claim 4, characterized in that, The impurity removal box (35) has installation channels (40) on both sides, and a fixed cavity (41) is located in the installation channel (40). A discharge push rod (42) is provided on the side of the fixed cavity (41). The push head of the discharge push rod (42) extends into the fixed cavity (41) and is fixed to the side of the mesh frame (43). The mesh frame (43) is an annular cavity structure. Several spray frames (44) are provided inside the mesh frame (43). The inner cavity of the spray frame (44) is... The upper side of the spray frame (44) is provided with several spray holes (45) connected to the inner cavity of the mesh frame (43); the side of the mesh frame (43) is provided with an installation port (46), which is connected to the inner cavity of the mesh frame (43); a support mesh (47) is provided on the upper side of the mesh frame (43). When the impurity removal box (35) vibrates to remove the impurities attached to the rare earth ingot, airflow is blown out through the spray holes (45) to further spray the surface of the rare earth ingot.

6. The integrated forming and cleaning equipment for rare earth metal ingots according to claim 5, characterized in that, The edge of the fixed cavity (41) is provided with several bristles (48), which are in contact with the support net (47). When the mesh frame (43) is retracted, the bristles (48) brush off the impurities attached to the support net (47). A cleaning diversion pipe (49) is fixed inside the fixed cavity (41), and the cleaning diversion pipe (49) is directly opposite the bristles (48). The cleaning diversion pipe (49), the mesh frame (43) and the conversion spraying assembly are connected. When the discharge push rod (42) is extended, the conversion spraying assembly blows air into the mesh frame (43) to spray and clean the rare earth ingots. When the discharge push rod (42) is retracted, the conversion spraying assembly blows air into the cleaning diversion pipe (49) to spray and clean the bristles (48).

7. The integrated forming and cleaning equipment for rare earth metal ingots according to claim 6, characterized in that, The conversion spray assembly includes an outer sleeve (50) and an inner sleeve (51) that slides inside the outer sleeve (50). The outer sleeve (50) and the inner sleeve (51) are sealed by a sealing ring (52). The side of the outer sleeve (50) is connected to the mounting port (46) of the mesh frame (43). The inner sleeve (51) is fixed to the fixing cavity (41). An air pump (53) is provided on the lower side of the fixing cavity (41). The exhaust end of the air pump (53) is connected to the side of the inner sleeve (51) through a connecting hose (54). A spray head (55) is provided on the other side of the inner sleeve (51). The spray head (55) slides... The nozzle (55) is a cylindrical cavity structure that communicates with the inner sleeve (51). The inner sleeve (51) is provided with conversion holes (56) on both sides. The inner sleeve (51) is provided with a first sealing ring (57) and a second sealing ring (58) respectively. The first sealing ring (57) and the second sealing ring (58) are located on both sides of the nozzle (55). The outer sleeve (50) between the sealing ring (52) and the second sealing ring (58) is provided with a connection port (59). The connection port (59) is connected to the main pipeline of the cleaning diversion pipe (49) through the corrugated pipe (60).

8. The integrated forming and cleaning equipment for rare earth metal ingots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrolytic furnace unit (1) is an automatic electrolytic furnace. The side of the electrolytic furnace unit (1) is provided with a crucible removal mechanism, and the furnace platform of the electrolytic furnace unit (1) is provided with a crucible flipping mechanism. The furnace mouth center, the crucible removal mechanism, and the crucible flipping mechanism of the electrolytic furnace unit (1) are located on the same straight line. The crucible removal mechanism includes a support column (64) set on the ground. The upper side of the support column (64) is provided with an L-shaped cross-section mounting plate (65). The mounting plate (65) is provided with a crucible transverse push rod (66). The push head of the crucible transverse push rod (66) passes through an angle steel plate ( 67) Fixed to the upper side of the crucible vertical base (68); the crucible vertical base (68) is provided with a crucible vertical movement push rod (69), the push head of the crucible vertical movement push rod (69) extends downward out of the crucible vertical base (68) and is fixed with the crucible clamping assembly, the crucible clamping assembly is used to clamp the crucible; the crucible clamping assembly includes a clamping base (70) and a double-headed push rod (71) provided in the clamping base (70); the push heads on both sides of the double-headed push rod (71) are fixed to the upper side of the crucible arm (72) respectively, and a semi-arc crucible clamping plate (73) is provided on the lower side of the crucible arm (72).

9. The integrated forming and cleaning equipment for rare earth metal ingots according to claim 8, characterized in that, The crucible flipping mechanism includes flipping base plates (74) arranged opposite each other. A flipping motor (78) is provided on one side of the flipping base plate (74). A crucible support (75) is provided between the flipping base plates (74). A crucible holder (76) with a circular crucible groove is provided on the crucible support (75). Support shafts (77) are provided on both sides of the crucible support (75). The motor shaft of the flipping motor (78) extends into the interior of the flipping base plate (74) and is fixed to the support shaft (77) on one side. The support shaft (77) on the other side is fixed to the flipping base plate. (74) Rotational fit; Crucible push rods (79) are provided on crucible brackets (75) on both sides respectively, and the push head of the crucible push rod (79) passes through the crucible bracket (75) and is fixed to the crucible clamp (80); The side of the flip base plate (74) is provided with a mold base frame (81), and a mold push rod (82) is provided on the mold base frame (81). The push head of the mold push rod (82) passes through the mold base frame (81) and is fixed to the mold clamping plate (83). A mold clamping groove (84) for accommodating the casting mold is opened in the middle of the mold clamping plate (83).

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