High-temperature tensile testing device for metal material detection

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of material testing devices, and discloses a high-temperature tensile testing device for testing metallic materials. It includes a movable clamping assembly and a fixed clamping assembly arranged opposite each other, clamping a metal plate or a metal rod to be tested between the movable and fixed clamping assemblies. The movable clamping assembly includes a mounting shell, a telescopic column, four compression rods, four double-layer outer supports, four bow-shaped swing arms, four variable clamps, an L-shaped support plate, guide wheels, a cable, and a horizontal drive hydraulic cylinder. Through ingenious mechanical structure design, the device can simultaneously adapt to two different shapes of materials to be tested: metal rods and metal plates. By rotating the telescopic column and utilizing the cooperation of the through slots and compression rods, different bow-shaped swing arm movements can be selectively driven. When clamping a metal plate, only one set of opposing clamps needs to work, avoiding interference from non-working parts and eliminating the need to limit the width of the metal plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material testing equipment technology, specifically to a high-temperature tensile testing device for testing metallic materials. Background Technology

[0002] Metallic materials are widely used in aerospace, automotive manufacturing, heavy machinery, and construction engineering. Their mechanical properties (especially tensile properties under high-temperature conditions) are key indicators for evaluating the safety, reliability, and service life of materials. In order to accurately obtain parameters such as yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation of metallic materials under high-temperature conditions, high-temperature tensile testing equipment has become an indispensable tool for material testing.

[0003] Existing high-temperature tensile testing apparatuses typically include a heating system, a loading system, and a clamping system. Among these, the design of the clamping system is crucial, directly affecting the success of the test and the accuracy of the results. However, traditional tensile testing apparatuses often suffer from the following technical problems and limitations when dealing with metallic materials of different shapes:

[0004] Poor clamping versatility and cumbersome replacement: Existing clamping devices are usually designed for specimens of specific shapes, i.e., specifically for clamping metal rods or metal plates. When it is necessary to test specimens of different shapes alternately, operators often need to disassemble and replace the entire set of clamps or jaws. This is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, reducing testing efficiency, but repeated disassembly and assembly can also lead to a decrease in the installation and positioning accuracy of the clamps, thereby affecting the accuracy of the test data.

[0005] Clamping thin bars is difficult and prone to slippage: When clamping small-diameter metal bars, the contact area between conventional V-shaped or flat chucks and the bar is small, resulting in insufficient friction. This can easily cause the sample to slip or slip out of the clamp during tensile testing. Over-clamping to increase friction may damage the sample surface and affect the material's performance testing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-temperature tensile testing device for testing metallic materials, so as to solve the problems of poor clamping versatility and cumbersome replacement mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solution adopted by the present invention includes a test chamber, a movable clamping assembly disposed within the test chamber, a fixed clamping assembly, two oppositely arranged guide shafts, and a longitudinal drive hydraulic cylinder partially disposed within the test chamber. The fixed clamping assembly is fixedly installed at the bottom of the test chamber, and the movable clamping assembly is located above the fixed clamping assembly and is mounted on the guide shafts via a lifting fixing plate. The bottom of the longitudinal drive hydraulic cylinder is connected to the movable clamping assembly and can drive the movable clamping assembly to move closer to / away from the fixed clamping assembly along the axial direction of the guide shaft to clamp / release the metal material to be tested. The movable clamping assembly has two oppositely arranged variable clamps, which are used to clamp one end of the metal material to be tested.

[0008] In the above technical solution, preferably, the movable clamping assembly includes a mounting shell and a telescopic column, a plurality of equal and correspondingly arranged pressing rods, a double-layer outer support, an arc-shaped swing arm, and a variable clamp; wherein, the telescopic column is slidably disposed within the mounting shell, the pressing rods are embedded in the outer wall of the telescopic column, the double-layer outer support is disposed on the outer wall of the mounting shell, the arc-shaped swing arm is laterally adjustable and hinged to the middle of the double-layer outer support, and the inner side of the upper section of the arc-shaped swing arm abuts against the pressing rod on the corresponding side, and the variable clamp is hinged to the end of the lower section of the arc-shaped swing arm; the structure of the fixed clamping assembly is the same as that of the movable clamping assembly but in the opposite direction, and both the movable clamping assembly and the fixed clamping assembly are disposed within the test chamber; the telescopic column has four arc-shaped slots arranged in a circular array, wherein two of the arc-shaped slots arranged opposite each other have through slots below them, and the four pressing rods are respectively inserted into the four arc-shaped slots.

[0009] In the above technical solution, preferably, both the movable clamping assembly and the fixed clamping assembly further include an L-shaped support plate, a guide wheel, a cable, and a transverse hydraulic cylinder, and the movable clamping assembly is driven by a longitudinal hydraulic cylinder; wherein, the L-shaped support plate is fixed above the mounting shell, the guide wheel is fixed above the horizontal plate of the L-shaped support plate, the transverse hydraulic cylinder is transversely disposed on one side of the longitudinal plate of the L-shaped support plate, the cable connects the telescopic column and the telescopic rod of the transverse hydraulic cylinder via the guide wheel, the telescopic rod of the transverse hydraulic cylinder and the telescopic column are connected by an auxiliary joint, and an auxiliary lever is sleeved around the auxiliary joint.

[0010] In the above technical solution, preferably, the longitudinal drive hydraulic cylinder is disposed outside the test chamber, the telescopic rod of the longitudinal drive hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the movable clamping assembly, a lifting and fixing plate is provided between the movable clamping assembly and the longitudinal drive hydraulic cylinder, a bushing is embedded in the plate wall of the lifting and fixing plate, and the bushing is slidably sleeved on the guide shaft; wherein, the bottom end of the guide shaft is connected to a bearing platform, and a support frame is provided between the bearing platform and the fixed clamping assembly.

[0011] In the above technical solution, preferably, the support frame is fixedly connected to the fixed clamping assembly, and the support frame is composed of a support plate, a threaded sleeve, and a height adjusting leg; wherein, the threaded sleeve is provided through each corner of the support plate, the height adjusting leg is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve, the bottom end of the height adjusting leg is fixedly connected to the support platform, and the adjustment direction of the height adjusting leg is the same as the extension direction of the axis of the guide shaft.

[0012] In the above technical solution, preferably, a limiting ring is provided at the top end of the threaded sleeve, and the limiting ring abuts against the surface of the support plate.

[0013] In the above technical solution, preferably, a fixing ring is sleeved on the guide shaft, and a mounting plate is provided on the fixing ring. A sensor assembly is integrated on the mounting plate; wherein, the sensor assembly includes a temperature sensor and a displacement sensor.

[0014] In the above technical solution, preferably, a vacuum tube is also included, which is set inside the test chamber and extends outside the test chamber, and the outer vacuum tube is connected to a vacuum pump.

[0015] In the above technical solution, preferably, the inner sides of both plates of the double-layer outer support are provided with horizontal strip grooves, and five circular slots are provided horizontally in the strip grooves. A hollow rotating shaft is inserted in the middle of the bow-shaped swing arm, and two limiting shafts are inserted in the hollow rotating shaft. The two limiting shafts are connected by a helical spring. The hollow rotating shaft is embedded in the strip groove, and the limiting shafts are locked in the circular slots.

[0016] In the above technical solution, preferably, all of the variable clamps are arc-shaped clamps, and the beginning and end of the variable clamps are respectively provided with intersecting slots for clamping small-diameter metal rods. A leveling clamp is hinged to the bottom of one set of opposite variable clamps. The clamping surface of the leveling clamp is a plane, and the non-clamping surface of the leveling clamp abuts against the clamping surface of the variable clamp. The bow-shaped swing arm corresponding to the other set of variable clamps and the pressing rod on it abuts against the through slot.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: the device, through its ingenious mechanical structure design, can simultaneously adapt to two different shapes of materials to be tested, namely metal rods and metal plates. By rotating the telescopic column and utilizing the cooperation between the through slot and the pressing rod, different bow-shaped swing arm movements can be selectively driven. When clamping a metal plate, only one set of opposing clamps is required, avoiding interference from non-working parts and eliminating the need to limit the width of the metal plate; when clamping a metal rod, four sets of clamps work together to ensure the stability of the clamping.

[0018] When clamping a metal plate, the planar design of the leveling clamp ensures full contact with the metal plate surface, preventing deformation caused by uneven clamping force and thus guaranteeing the accuracy of tensile test data. The variable clamps have cross-slots at both ends, allowing the device to securely clamp small-diameter metal bars and expanding the measurement range.

[0019] The coordination of the lifting fixing plate, bushing, and guide shaft ensures smooth sliding of the moving clamping assembly along the axis during the stretching process, avoiding test errors caused by offset or wobbling. The bow-shaped swing arm is engaged in the slide groove of the double-layer outer bracket via a hollow rotating shaft, limit shaft, and helical spring. Operators can quickly remove the swing arm when not in operation by overcoming the spring force, further simplifying the operation process and avoiding interference.

[0020] The strip grooves and multiple circular slots on the double-layered outer support allow for adjustment of the lateral position of the bow-shaped swing arm to accommodate specimens of different sizes. The auxiliary lever facilitates fine-tuning of the initial position of the telescopic column, making operation convenient. A vacuum chamber is created using a vacuum tube and pump, effectively preventing oxidation of the metal materials at high temperatures and ensuring the purity and accuracy of the material performance testing.

[0021] The longitudinal drive hydraulic cylinder is positioned outside the test chamber, avoiding the adverse effects of high-temperature environments on the hydraulic system performance and extending the equipment's service life. The sensor assembly integrated into the mounting plate includes temperature and displacement sensors, enabling real-time monitoring of temperature changes and tensile displacement during the test. This provides researchers with precise data support, facilitating in-depth analysis of the high-temperature mechanical properties of metallic materials.

[0022] The support frame achieves precise height adjustment through height-adjustable legs and threaded sleeves, while a limit ring prevents over-adjustment, providing solid bottom support for the specimen. All components of the device work together to ensure overall operational stability and safety while meeting the stress conditions of the high-temperature tensile test. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2This is a side view of the internal structure of the test chamber;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a top view of the internal structure of the test chamber;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the main view of the movable clamping component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a side view of the external structure of the movable clamping component of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the telescopic column of the present invention from below.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a bottom view of the telescopic column structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure when a variable chuck is used to hold a large metal bar.

[0032] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure when a variable chuck is used to hold a small metal bar.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the variable clamp holds a metal plate.

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the hollow rotating shaft, the limiting shaft, and the helical spring.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Moving clamping assembly; 2. Fixed clamping assembly; 3. Arc-shaped slot; 4. Through slot; 5. Test chamber; 6. Longitudinal drive hydraulic cylinder; 7. Lifting and fixing plate; 8. Bushing; 9. Guide shaft; 10. Bearing platform; 11. Support bracket; 12. Limiting ring; 13. Vacuum tube; 14. Vacuum pump; 15. Strip groove; 16. Fixing ring; 17. Mounting plate; 18. Sensor assembly; 19. Circular slot; 20. Hollow rotating shaft; 21. Limiting... Position axis; 22. Helical spring; 23. Leveling clamp; 24. Auxiliary joint; 25. Auxiliary lever; 1-1. Mounting shell; 1-2. Telescopic column; 1-3. Extrusion bar; 1-4. Double-layer outer support; 1-5. Bow-shaped swing arm; 1-6. Variable clamp; 1-7. L-shaped bearing plate; 1-8. Guide wheel; 1-9. Cable; 1-10. Horizontal drive hydraulic cylinder; 11-1. Support plate; 11-2. Threaded sleeve; 11-3. Height adjustment leg. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0037] Please see Figures 1-12This invention provides a high-temperature tensile testing device for testing metallic materials, including a test chamber 5, a movable clamping assembly 1 and a fixed clamping assembly 2 disposed within the test chamber 5, two oppositely arranged guide shafts 9, and a longitudinal drive hydraulic cylinder 6 partially disposed within the test chamber 5. The fixed clamping assembly 2 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the test chamber 5, and the movable clamping assembly 1 is located above the fixed clamping assembly 2 and is mounted on the guide shafts 9 via a lifting fixing plate 7. The bottom of the longitudinal drive hydraulic cylinder 6 is connected to the movable clamping assembly 1 and can drive the movable clamping assembly 1 to move closer to / away from the fixed clamping assembly 2 along the axial direction of the guide shaft 9 to clamp / release the metallic material to be tested. The movable clamping assembly 1 has two oppositely arranged variable clamps 1-6, which are used to clamp one end of the metallic material to be tested. The movable clamping assembly 1 includes a mounting shell 1-1, a telescopic column 1-2, multiple equal numbers of corresponding pressing rods 1-3, a double-layer outer support 1-4, an arc-shaped swing arm 1-5, and a variable clamp 1-6. The telescopic column 1-2 is slidably disposed within the mounting shell 1-1, the pressing rods 1-3 are embedded in the outer wall of the telescopic column 1-2, the double-layer outer support 1-4 is disposed on the outer wall of the mounting shell 1-1, and the arc-shaped swing arm 1-5 is laterally adjustable and hinged to the middle of the double-layer outer support 1-4. The inner side of the upper arm abuts against the corresponding pressing rod 1-3, and the variable clamp 1-6 is hinged to the end of the lower arm of the bow-shaped swing arm 1-5; the structure of the fixed clamping assembly 2 is the same as that of the movable clamping assembly 1 but in the opposite direction, and both the movable clamping assembly 1 and the fixed clamping assembly 2 are set inside the test chamber 5; the telescopic column 1-2 is provided with 4 arc-shaped slots 3 in a circular array, and two of the arc-shaped slots 3 are provided with through slots 4 below them, and the 4 pressing rods 1-3 are respectively inserted into the 4 arc-shaped slots 3. When it is necessary to clamp the metal rod, there is no need to rotate the telescopic column 1-2. Keep it in its initial state, activate the horizontal drive hydraulic cylinder 1-10, pull the cable 1-9, and through the guiding action of the guide wheel 1-8, pull the telescopic column 1-2 upward, causing the pressing rod 1-3 to move upward. The pressing rod 1-3 causes the upper arm of the bow-shaped swing arm 1-5 to rotate outward. Through the hinge structure between the bow-shaped swing arm 1-5 and the double-layer outer support 1-4, the lower arm of the bow-shaped swing arm 1-5 rotates inward, and then clamps the metal rod through the variable clamp 1-6 at the end of its lower arm. When it is necessary to clamp the metal plate, reverse the direction. The needle rotates the telescopic column 1-2, causing the pressing rod 1-3 to move from one end of the arc-shaped slot 3 to the other end. Since there is a through groove 4 below the two oppositely arranged arc-shaped slots 3, when the telescopic column 1-2 moves upward, the corresponding two pressing rods 1-3 will slide into the through groove 4 and will not rise with the telescopic column 1-2, that is, they will not press the upper arm of the bow-shaped swing arm 1-5 to make it rotate. Therefore, only the other two bow-shaped swing arms 1-5 rotate, and the corresponding two variable clamps 1-6 can hold the metal plate, avoiding the device from affecting the clamping of the metal plate and eliminating the need to limit the width of the metal plate.The outer sides of the upper and lower sections of the bow-shaped swing arm 1-5 abut against each other, while the inner sides are connected by a superimposed hinge. That is, the upper and lower sections of the bow-shaped swing arm 1-5 can be folded inward while meeting the force conditions during clamping, making it convenient to place and store when removed.

[0038] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the high-temperature tensile testing device for metal material testing includes a movable clamping assembly 1 as one of the core components of the entire device. All parts work together to achieve flexible clamping of metal rods or plates of different sizes. The metal rods or plates can be heated by connecting a neutral or live wire or by using an electromagnetic coil. The mounting shell 1-1 provides a stable support structure for the entire movable clamping assembly 1. The telescopic column 1-2 can slide flexibly within the mounting shell 1-1. This sliding characteristic of the telescopic column 1-2 is the basis for realizing a series of subsequent actions; its movement will drive other components to work together, thereby completing the clamping operation of the metal material. The number of compression rods 1-3, double-layer outer supports 1-4, bow-shaped swing arms 1-5, and variable clamps 1-6 is preferably four. Four compression rods 1-3 are embedded in the outer wall of the telescopic column 1-2 in four directions. Simultaneously, four arc-shaped slots 3 are arranged in a circular array on the telescopic column 1-2, and the four compression rods 1-3 are respectively inserted into the four arc-shaped slots 3. The connection between the pressing rod 1-3 and the mounting shell 1-1 is magnetically attached. This connection method ensures the stability of the pressing rod 1-3 during normal operation and provides flexibility for its position adjustment in special situations. Furthermore, the two opposing arc-shaped slots 3 have through grooves 4 below them; this special design provides a key condition for the device to adapt to the clamping of metal materials of different shapes. Four double-layer outer supports 1-4 are respectively arranged in four directions on the outer wall of the mounting shell 1-1, and four bow-shaped swing arms 1-5 are laterally adjustable and hinged to the middle of the double-layer outer supports 1-4. This hinge structure allows the bow-shaped swing arms 1-5 to rotate flexibly. When the pressing rod 1-3 moves upward, the inner side of the upper arm of the bow-shaped swing arm 1-5 abuts against the corresponding pressing rod 1-3, thereby driving the bow-shaped swing arm 1-5 to rotate. This design cleverly converts the linear motion of the telescopic column 1-2 into the rotational motion of the bow-shaped swing arm 1-5, laying the foundation for realizing the clamping action of the variable chuck 1-6. Four variable clamps 1-6 are hinged to the ends of the lower arms of four bow-shaped swing arms 1-5. When the bow-shaped swing arms 1-5 rotate, the variable clamps 1-6 can change position with the movement of their lower arms, thereby achieving clamping of metal materials. This variability of the variable clamps 1-6 allows the device to adapt to metal materials of different shapes and sizes, improving the versatility and applicability of the device.

[0039] In the above embodiments, preferably, as follows: Figure 4As shown, both the movable clamping assembly 1 and the fixed clamping assembly 2 further include an L-shaped support plate 1-7, a guide wheel 1-8, a cable 1-9, and a transverse hydraulic cylinder 1-10. The movable clamping assembly 1 is driven by a longitudinal hydraulic cylinder 6. The L-shaped support plate 1-7 is fixed above the mounting shell 1-1. The guide wheel 1-8 is fixed above the horizontal plate of the L-shaped support plate 1-7. The transverse hydraulic cylinder 1-10 is transversely located on one side of the longitudinal plate of the L-shaped support plate 1-7. The cable 1-9 connects the telescopic column 1-2 and the telescopic rod of the transverse hydraulic cylinder 1-10 via the guide wheel 1-8. The telescopic rod of the transverse hydraulic cylinder 1-10 and the telescopic column 1-2 are connected by an auxiliary joint 24. An auxiliary lever 25 is sleeved around the auxiliary joint 24.

[0040] In this embodiment, the L-shaped support plate 1-7 is fixed above the mounting shell 1-1, the guide wheel 1-8 is fixed above the horizontal plate of the L-shaped support plate 1-7, and the transverse drive hydraulic cylinder 1-10 is transversely positioned on one side of the vertical plate of the L-shaped support plate 1-7. The cable 1-9 connects the telescopic column 1-2 and the telescopic rod of the transverse drive hydraulic cylinder 1-10 via the guide wheel 1-8. The transverse drive hydraulic cylinder 1-10 serves as a power source; the telescopic movement of its telescopic rod, through the transmission action of the cable 1-9 and the guide wheel 1-8, drives the telescopic column 1-2 to slide within the mounting shell 1-1. The guide wheel 1-8 changes the transmission direction of the cable 1-9, ensuring that the transverse drive hydraulic cylinder 1-10 can effectively drive the telescopic column 1-2. This design makes the power transmission of the device more efficient and stable. The structure of the fixed clamping assembly 2 is the same as that of the movable clamping assembly 1, but in the opposite direction. This design ensures that during the test, both ends of the metal material to be tested are subjected to symmetrical and balanced clamping forces, thereby guaranteeing the accuracy of the test results. Meanwhile, both the movable clamping assembly 1 and the fixed clamping assembly 2 are housed within the test chamber 5. The test chamber 5 provides a precisely controlled high-temperature environment for the high-temperature tensile testing of metallic materials. The telescopic rod of the horizontal drive hydraulic cylinder 1-10 and the telescopic column 1-2 are connected via an auxiliary joint 24. The auxiliary joint 24 serves as a connection and transition, ensuring that the telescopic rod of the horizontal drive hydraulic cylinder 1-10 can stably drive the telescopic column 1-2. The design of the auxiliary joint 24 needs to consider the robustness and stability of the connection to ensure that the connection does not loosen or detach during the tensile test. An auxiliary lever 25 is sleeved around the auxiliary joint 24, providing convenience for the operator when adjusting the position of the telescopic column 1-2. In some cases, it may be necessary to fine-tune the initial position of the telescopic column 1-2. In this case, the operator can apply a certain external force to the auxiliary joint 24 by operating the auxiliary lever 25, thereby causing the telescopic column 1-2 to rotate within a small range, achieving precise adjustment of the position of the telescopic column 1-2.

[0041] In the above embodiments, preferably, as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the longitudinal hydraulic cylinder 6 is set outside the test chamber 5. The telescopic rod of the longitudinal hydraulic cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to the movable clamping assembly 1. A lifting fixing plate 7 is provided between the movable clamping assembly 1 and the longitudinal hydraulic cylinder 6. A bushing 8 is embedded on the plate wall of the lifting fixing plate 7. The bushing 8 is slidably sleeved on the guide shaft 9.

[0042] The bottom end of the guide shaft 9 is connected to the support platform 10, and a support bracket 11 is provided between the support platform 10 and the fixed clamping assembly 2.

[0043] In this embodiment, the movable clamping assembly 1 is driven by a longitudinal hydraulic cylinder 6 to perform a tensile test on a metal plate or metal rod. Specifically, the longitudinal hydraulic cylinder 6 is located outside the test chamber 5 to avoid the high-temperature environment affecting the performance of the hydraulic system. The telescopic rod of the longitudinal hydraulic cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to the movable clamping assembly 1. The telescopic rod is driven to extend and retract by the hydraulic system, thereby moving the movable clamping assembly 1 relative to the fixed clamping assembly 2 to perform a tensile test on the metal plate or metal rod. The lifting and fixing plate 7, as an important structure connecting the movable clamping assembly 1 and the longitudinal hydraulic cylinder 6, plays a role in fixing and supporting. A bushing 8 is embedded in the wall of the lifting and fixing plate 7. The bushing 8 slides with the guide shaft 9 to ensure that the movable clamping assembly 1 slides smoothly along the axial direction of the guide shaft 9 during movement, avoiding test errors caused by offset or shaking. A support platform 10 is connected to the bottom end of the guide shaft 9. The support platform 10 is used to support the entire guide shaft 9 and its related structures to ensure the stability of the device. In addition, a support frame 11 is provided between the bearing platform 10 and the fixed clamping assembly 2. The support frame 11 is used to provide additional support for the metal plate or metal rod during the test, ensuring that the metal plate or metal rod will not deform or break during the tensile process, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test.

[0044] With this design, the high-temperature tensile testing device of the present invention can not only accurately detect the tensile properties of metallic materials under high-temperature conditions, but also ensure the stability and accuracy of the device through the synergistic effect of the lifting and fixing plate 7, bushing 8, guide shaft 9, bearing platform 10 and support frame 11, providing strong support for the research and application of metallic materials.

[0045] In the above embodiments, preferably, as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the support frame 11 is fixedly connected to the fixed clamping assembly 2. The support frame 11 consists of a support plate 11-1, a threaded sleeve 11-2, and a height adjusting leg 11-3. Threaded sleeves 11-2 are provided through each corner of the support plate 11-1. The height adjusting leg 11-3 is screwed into the threaded sleeve 11-2. The bottom end of the height adjusting leg is fixedly connected to the support platform 10. The adjustment direction of the height adjusting leg 11-3 is the same as the extension direction of the axis of the guide shaft 9.

[0046] In this embodiment, the support plate 11-1, as the core support structure of the support frame 11, is designed as a flat plate to stably support the metal plate or metal rod to be tested, ensuring that the metal plate or metal rod will not tilt or slide during the tensile test. Threaded sleeves 11-2 are provided through each corner of the support plate 11-1, and these threaded sleeves 11-2 are threadedly connected to the height adjustment legs 11-3, thereby realizing the height adjustment function.

[0047] The height-adjustable leg 11-3 is designed to allow for precise height adjustment via rotating the threaded sleeve 11-2. The bottom end of the height-adjustable leg 11-3 is fixedly connected to the support platform 10, ensuring the stability of the entire support frame 11. The adjustment direction of the height-adjustable leg 11-3 is the same as the axial extension direction of the guide shaft 9. This means that when adjusting the height, the support frame 11 can move smoothly along the axial direction of the guide shaft 9, ensuring that the metal plate or metal rod maintains a consistent movement trajectory with the guide shaft 9 during the stretching process, avoiding test errors caused by offset or tilt.

[0048] Through this design, the support bracket 11 not only provides stable support for the metal plate or metal rod, but also allows for precise height adjustment via the height-adjustable legs 11-3, ensuring that the metal plate or metal rod remains in the ideal position during the tensile test, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test. Simultaneously, the fixed connection between the support bracket 11 and the fixed clamping assembly 2 further enhances the stability of the entire device, providing a strong guarantee for the successful conduct of the high-temperature tensile test.

[0049] In the above embodiments, preferably, as follows: Figure 6 As shown, a limiting ring 12 is provided at the top of the threaded sleeve 11-2, and the limiting ring 12 abuts against the surface of the support plate 11-1.

[0050] In this embodiment, the limiting ring 12 is typically made of a high-temperature resistant and high-strength material to meet the requirements of use in high-temperature environments. The limiting ring 12 is fixedly connected to the top end of the threaded sleeve 11-2 and abuts against the surface of the support plate 11-1, thereby forming a stable limiting structure. The structural design of the limiting ring 12 also effectively prevents mechanical failures caused by over-adjustment, extending the service life of the device.

[0051] In the above embodiments, preferably, as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a fixing ring 16 is sleeved on the guide shaft 9, and a mounting plate 17 is provided on the fixing ring 16. A sensor assembly 18 is integrated on the mounting plate 17; wherein, the sensor assembly 18 includes a temperature sensor and a displacement sensor.

[0052] In this embodiment, the retaining ring 16 serves as a fixing structure on the guide shaft 9. Designed as a ring, it is securely fitted onto the guide shaft 9. The retaining ring 16 is connected to the guide shaft 9 by clamps or other fixing methods to ensure that it will not loosen or slip during testing. A mounting plate 17 is provided on the retaining ring 16, and the mounting plate 17 is fixedly connected to the retaining ring 16 by bolts or other fasteners, thereby providing a stable mounting platform for the sensor assembly 18.

[0053] The mounting plate 17 integrates a sensor assembly 18, including a temperature sensor and a displacement sensor. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature change of the metal plate or metal rod in real time during the heating process, ensuring that the heating temperature of the metal plate or metal rod in high-temperature environments can be accurately controlled. The displacement sensor is used to measure the displacement of the metal plate or metal rod during the stretching process, thereby calculating the tensile amount and strain value of the metal plate or metal rod, providing accurate data support for subsequent performance analysis.

[0054] The output signal of the sensor assembly 18 is acquired and recorded in real time through the data acquisition system. Operators can monitor the temperature and displacement data during the test in real time through the control panel or computer terminal, thereby achieving precise control and analysis of the tensile test.

[0055] Through this design, the high-temperature tensile testing device of the present invention can not only accurately detect the tensile properties of metallic materials under high-temperature environments, but also further improve the accuracy and reliability of the test through the synergistic effect of the sensor assembly 18, providing strong support for the research and application of metallic materials. At the same time, the high-temperature resistant design and precise measurement function of the sensor assembly 18 ensure the stability and accuracy of the device under high-temperature environments.

[0056] In the above embodiments, preferably, as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a vacuum tube 13, which is set inside the test chamber 5 and extends outside the test chamber 5. The outer vacuum tube 13 is connected to a vacuum pump 14.

[0057] In this embodiment, the vacuum tube 13 creates a vacuum environment within the test chamber 5 to prevent oxidation of the metal material or other gas interferences at high temperatures, thereby improving the accuracy of the test results. The vacuum tube 13 is located inside the test chamber 5 and extends to the outside of the test chamber 5 through a sealed interface to ensure no leakage during the vacuuming process. A vacuum pump 14 is connected to the outer end of the vacuum tube 13 to extract air from the test chamber 5, gradually reducing the air pressure inside. The selection of the vacuum pump 14 needs to consider the volume of the test chamber 5, the required vacuum level, and the possible pumping rate during the test. Typically, the vacuum pump 14 can be a mechanical pump, an oil diffusion pump, or a molecular pump, depending on the test requirements. Furthermore, auxiliary equipment such as vacuum valves and vacuum gauges can be installed on the vacuum tube 13 to control and monitor the vacuum level inside the test chamber 5. The vacuum valve controls the vacuuming process, while the vacuum gauge monitors the vacuum level inside the test chamber in real time to ensure that it meets the conditions required for the test. During the test, the vacuum pump 14 extracts air from the test chamber 5 through the vacuum tube 13, gradually reducing the air pressure inside the chamber. Once the predetermined vacuum level is reached, the vacuuming process can be stopped, and the high-temperature tensile test can begin. This ensures that the metal material is not affected by external gases during the tensile process, guaranteeing the accuracy of the test results. Considering the high-temperature environment inside the test chamber 5, the vacuum tube 13 and related equipment need to possess high-temperature resistance. High-temperature resistant materials must be used to manufacture the vacuum tube 13 and connecting components, or heat insulation measures must be implemented to ensure stable operation of the equipment under high-temperature conditions.

[0058] Through this design, the high-temperature tensile testing device of the present invention can not only accurately detect the tensile properties of metallic materials under high-temperature environments, but also further improve the accuracy and reliability of the test through the synergistic effect of the vacuum tube 13 and the vacuum pump 14, providing strong support for the research and application of metallic materials. At the same time, this design also ensures the stability and accuracy of the device under high-temperature environments.

[0059] In the above embodiments, preferably, as follows: Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 12As shown, the inner sides of both plates of the double-layer outer support 1-4 are provided with transverse strip grooves 15. Five circular slots 19 are provided transversely within the strip grooves 15. A hollow rotating shaft 20 is inserted into the middle of the bow-shaped swing arm 1-5. Two limiting shafts 21 are inserted into the hollow rotating shaft 20, and the two limiting shafts 21 are connected by a helical spring 22. The hollow rotating shaft 20 is embedded in the strip groove 15, and the limiting shafts 21 are engaged in the circular slots 19. When it is necessary to clamp the metal plate, the two non-working bow-shaped swing arms 1-5 can be removed by the action of the strip grooves 15, avoiding any interference when clamping the metal plate. Corresponding limiting collars and limiting grooves are provided between the inner ends of the two limiting shafts 21 and the hollow rotating shaft 20 to prevent the two limiting shafts 21 from extending only to one end.

[0060] In this embodiment, the connection structure between the double-layer outer support 1-4 and the bow-shaped swing arm 1-5 plays a crucial role in the flexible adjustment and stable operation of the device in the design of the movable clamping assembly 1. The inner sides of both plates of the double-layer outer support 1-4 are provided with transverse strip grooves 15, which provide a track for the transverse adjustment of the bow-shaped swing arm 1-5. Five circular slots 19 are provided transversely within the strip grooves 15, which act as precise positioning points, stably fixing the bow-shaped swing arm 1-5 in different positions. A hollow rotating shaft 20 is inserted in the middle of the bow-shaped swing arm 1-5, and two limiting shafts 21 are inserted within the hollow rotating shaft 20, connected by a helical spring 22. This structure allows the limiting shafts 21 to extend and retract as needed under the action of the helical spring 22. When the position of the bow-shaped swing arm 1-5 needs to be adjusted, the operator can apply a certain external force to the bow-shaped swing arm 1-5 to overcome the elastic force of the coil spring 22, causing the limiting shaft 21 to disengage from the current circular slot 19. Then, the hollow rotating shaft 20 slides laterally in the strip groove 15 to the appropriate position. At this time, under the elastic force of the coil spring 22, the limiting shaft 21 is once again engaged in the corresponding circular slot 19, thereby achieving stable adjustment of the position of the bow-shaped swing arm 1-5. This adjustable structure allows the device to adapt to metal materials of different sizes and shapes to be tested, improving the versatility and adaptability of the device.

[0061] In the above embodiments, preferably, as follows: Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, all four variable chucks 1-6 are arc-shaped clamping plates, and each of the four variable chucks 1-6 has intersecting slots at its ends for clamping small-diameter metal rods. One set of variable chucks 1-6 is hinged to a leveling plate 23 at its bottom. The clamping surface of the leveling plate 23 is a plane, and the non-clamping surface of the leveling plate 23 abuts against the clamping surface of the variable chuck 1-6. The other set of variable chucks 1-6 has a corresponding bow-shaped swing arm 1-5, and the pressing rod 1-3 on it abuts against the through slot 4.

[0062] In this embodiment, all four variable clamps 1-6 are arc-shaped clamping plates. This arc design allows for better contact with the surface of the metal rod, increasing the contact area and thus improving clamping stability. Furthermore, each of the four variable clamps 1-6 has intersecting slots at both ends. This ingenious design allows for further narrowing of the clamping range when clamping small-diameter metal rods, achieving a stable grip. A leveling plate 23 is hinged to the bottom of each pair of opposing variable clamps 1-6. The clamping surface of the leveling plate 23 is planar, and its width is not limited. The non-clamping surface of the leveling plate 23 abuts against the clamping surface of the variable clamps 1-6. The leveling plate 23 plays a crucial role when clamping metal plates. Since the surface of the metal plate is usually flat, the flat clamping surface of the leveling clamp 23 can fully contact the metal plate, ensuring that the metal plate remains flat during clamping and avoiding deformation due to uneven clamping force, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test results. The other set of variable clamps 1-6 corresponds to the bow-shaped swing arm 1-5, and the pressing rod 1-3 on it corresponds to the through groove 4. This correspondence is key to the device's ability to achieve different clamping methods. When clamping the metal plate, rotating the telescopic column 1-2 causes the pressing rod 1-3 corresponding to the through groove 4 to slide into the through groove 4, thus preventing this part of the pressing rod 1-3 from acting on the bow-shaped swing arm 1-5. Only the other set of bow-shaped swing arms 1-5 drives the variable clamps 1-6 to rotate, achieving effective clamping of the metal plate.

[0063] In summary, the design of these new structures makes the high-temperature tensile testing device for metal materials more complete, better adaptable to the clamping requirements of metal rods or plates of different sizes, and improves the versatility, stability and accuracy of the test results.

[0064] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0065] All standard parts used in this invention can be purchased from the market, and irregular parts can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts conventional connection methods in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0066] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-temperature tensile testing device for testing metallic materials, characterized in that, include: Test chamber (5), movable clamping assembly (1), fixed clamping assembly (2) and two oppositely arranged guide shafts (9) are provided in the test chamber (5); The fixed clamping assembly (2) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the test chamber (5). The movable clamping assembly (1) is located above the fixed clamping assembly (2) and is installed on the guide shaft (9) via the lifting fixing plate (7). The bottom of the longitudinal drive hydraulic cylinder (6) is connected to the movable clamping assembly (1) and can drive the movable clamping assembly (1) to move closer to or away from the fixed clamping assembly (2) along the axial direction of the guide shaft (9). The longitudinal drive hydraulic cylinder (6) is located outside the test chamber (5), and the telescopic rod of the longitudinal drive hydraulic cylinder (6) is fixedly connected to the movable clamping assembly (1). The movable clamping assembly (1) has two oppositely arranged variable clamps (1-6), which are used to clamp one end of the metal material to be tested; The movable clamping assembly (1) includes a mounting shell (1-1) and a telescopic column (1-2), a number of equal and correspondingly arranged extrusion bars (1-3), a double-layer outer bracket (1-4), an arc-shaped swing arm (1-5), and a variable clamp (1-6). The telescopic column (1-2) is slidably disposed within the mounting shell (1-1), the pressing rod (1-3) is embedded in the outer wall of the telescopic column (1-2), the double-layer outer bracket (1-4) is disposed on the outer wall of the mounting shell (1-1), the bow-shaped swing arm (1-5) is laterally adjustable and hinged in the middle of the double-layer outer bracket (1-4), and the inner side of the upper arm of the bow-shaped swing arm (1-5) abuts against the pressing rod (1-3) on the corresponding side, and the variable clamp (1-6) is hinged to the end of the lower arm of the bow-shaped swing arm (1-5); The structure of the fixed clamping assembly (2) is the same as that of the movable clamping assembly (1), but the direction is opposite. The telescopic column (1-2) has four arc-shaped slots (3) arranged in a ring. Two of the arc-shaped slots (3) arranged opposite each other have through slots (4) below them. The four pressing rods (1-3) are respectively inserted into the four arc-shaped slots (3). When it is necessary to clamp the metal rod, it is not necessary to rotate the telescopic column (1-2). Pulling the telescopic column (1-2) upward will drive the pressing rods (1-3) upward. The pressing rods (1-3) will drive the upper arm of the bow-shaped swing arm (1-5) to rotate outward. Through the hinge structure between the bow-shaped swing arm (1-5) and the double-layer outer support (1-4), the lower arm of the bow-shaped swing arm (1-5) will rotate inward. Then, through the end of its lower arm... The variable clamp (1-6) holds the metal rod. When it is necessary to clamp the metal plate, the telescopic column (1-2) is rotated counterclockwise, so that the pressing rod (1-3) moves from one end of the arc-shaped slot (3) to the other end. Since the two arc-shaped slots (3) are provided with the through groove (4) below, when the telescopic column (1-2) moves upward, the two corresponding pressing rods (1-3) will slide into the through groove (4) and will not rise with the telescopic column (1-2), that is, they will not press the upper arm of the bow-shaped swing arm (1-5) to make it rotate. Therefore, only the other two bow-shaped swing arms (1-5) rotate, and the two corresponding variable clamps (1-6) can clamp the metal plate.

2. The high-temperature tensile testing device for testing metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the movable clamping assembly (1) and the fixed clamping assembly (2) further include an L-shaped bearing plate (1-7), a guide wheel (1-8), a cable (1-9), and a transverse hydraulic cylinder (1-10). The movable clamping assembly (1) is driven by a longitudinal hydraulic cylinder (6). The telescopic rod of the transverse hydraulic cylinder (1-10) and the telescopic column (1-2) are connected by an auxiliary joint (24). An auxiliary lever (25) is sleeved around the auxiliary joint (24). The L-shaped support plate (1-7) is fixed above the mounting shell (1-1), the guide wheel (1-8) is fixed above the horizontal plate of the L-shaped support plate (1-7), the horizontal drive hydraulic cylinder (1-10) is arranged horizontally on one side of the vertical plate of the L-shaped support plate (1-7), and the cable (1-9) connects the telescopic column (1-2) and the telescopic rod of the horizontal drive hydraulic cylinder (1-10) via the guide wheel (1-8).

3. The high-temperature tensile testing device for testing metallic materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: A lifting and fixing plate (7) is provided between the movable clamping assembly (1) and the longitudinal drive hydraulic cylinder (6). A bushing (8) is embedded on the plate wall of the lifting and fixing plate (7). The bushing (8) is slidably sleeved on the guide shaft (9). The bottom end of the guide shaft (9) is connected to a support platform (10), and a support bracket (11) is provided between the support platform (10) and the fixed clamping assembly (2).

4. The high-temperature tensile testing apparatus for testing metallic materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support frame (11) is fixedly connected to the fixed clamping assembly (2). The support frame (11) is composed of a support plate (11-1), a threaded sleeve (11-2), and a height adjusting leg (11-3). The support plate (11-1) is provided with threaded sleeves (11-2) through each corner. The threaded sleeves (11-2) are threaded with height adjustment legs (11-3). The bottom end of the height adjustment legs (11-3) is fixedly connected to the support platform (10). The adjustment direction of the height adjustment legs (11-3) is the same as the extension direction of the axis of the guide shaft (9).

5. The high-temperature tensile testing apparatus for testing metallic materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: A limiting ring (12) is provided at the top of the threaded sleeve (11-2), and the limiting ring (12) abuts against the surface of the support plate (11-1).

6. The high-temperature tensile testing apparatus for testing metallic materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fixing ring (16) is sleeved on the guide shaft (9), and a mounting plate (17) is provided on the fixing ring (16). A sensor assembly (18) is integrated on the mounting plate (17). The sensor assembly (18) includes a temperature sensor and a displacement sensor.

7. The high-temperature tensile testing apparatus for testing metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A vacuum tube (13) is set inside the test chamber (5) and extends outside the test chamber (5). The outer side of the vacuum tube (13) is connected to a vacuum pump (14).

8. The high-temperature tensile testing apparatus for testing metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner sides of the two plates of the double-layer outer support (1-4) are provided with horizontal strip grooves (15). There are five horizontal circular slots (19) in the strip grooves (15). A hollow rotating shaft (20) is inserted in the middle of the bow-shaped swing arm (1-5). Two limiting shafts (21) are inserted in the hollow rotating shaft (20). The two limiting shafts (21) are connected by a helical spring (22). The hollow rotating shaft (20) is embedded in the strip groove (15), and the limiting shafts (21) are locked in the circular slots (19).

9. The high-temperature tensile testing apparatus for testing metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the variable clamps (1-6) is an arc-shaped clamping plate, and each of the variable clamps (1-6) has intersecting slots at its ends for clamping small-diameter metal rods. A leveling clamping plate (23) is hinged to the bottom of each of the sets of variable clamps (1-6) arranged opposite to each other. The clamping surface of the leveling clamping plate (23) is a plane, and the non-clamping surface of the leveling clamping plate (23) abuts against the clamping surface of the variable clamp (1-6).

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