Carbonate rock sedimentary facies prediction method and device, electronic equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a carbonate rock sedimentary facies prediction method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the steps that target longitudinal waves and target converted transverse waves of a carbonate rock stratum are obtained; wherein the target longitudinal wave is an initial longitudinal wave, and the target converted shear wave is obtained by matching the initial converted shear wave with the initial longitudinal wave; longitudinal wave seismic section reflection characteristics and converted shear wave seismic section reflection characteristics of the target longitudinal wave and the target converted shear wave in the target interval of the carbonate rock stratum are determined respectively, the longitudinal wave seismic section reflection characteristics and the converted shear wave seismic section reflection characteristics are compared and analyzed, and a comparison and analysis result is determined; and explaining the lithology and sedimentary facies of the seismic section of the target interval according to the comparative analysis result, and carrying out plane prediction on the sedimentary facies of the target interval according to the explanation result and the target converted shear wave. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the precision and accuracy of sedimentary facies prediction of the carbonate rock stratum can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil exploration, and in particular to a carbonate rock sedimentary facies prediction method and device, an electronic device and a storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] Carbonate rock is an important field of oil and gas exploration and development, and 60% of oil and gas reserves in the world are stored in carbonate rock strata. Sedimentary facies research is of great significance for understanding the formation and evolution of carbonate rocks, finding favorable zones of oil and gas reservoirs, and carrying out reservoir prediction and fine description. Compared with clastic rocks, carbonate rocks are affected by complex diagenetic modification, the rock structure is complex, the reservoir heterogeneity is strong, and the difficulty of sedimentary facies research is increased. In addition, the content of clay minerals in carbonate rocks is low, the rock physical properties of different facies are small, the degree of response of spontaneous potential and gamma curve to lithological change is low, the correlation between different sedimentary facies and seismic attributes is low, and the accuracy of conventional geophysical methods for carbonate rock sedimentary facies prediction is not enough.

[0003] The existing carbonate rock sedimentary facies research methods mainly include: 1. identifying sedimentary facies according to drilling core data; 2. using mathematical statistics or machine learning methods to carry out sedimentary facies interpretation according to logging curves; and 3. using seismic P-wave data to carry out carbonate rock sedimentary facies research. The first method can directly identify sedimentary facies, but the high cost of coring limits the method to only some exploratory wells and evaluation wells, and it is difficult to cover all exploration and development wells. The second method requires that the logging parameters have a high correlation with the sedimentary facies types, and the application in clastic rock reservoirs is relatively mature. For carbonate reservoirs, due to the diversity of mineral components, the complexity of pore structure and the strong heterogeneity, the logging response characteristics of different sedimentary facies are small, and it is difficult to use logging data to carry out sedimentary facies interpretation. In addition, for blocks with low exploration degree, the drilling and logging data are less, which further increases the difficulty of sedimentary facies research. The third method uses seismic data which are P-wave data obtained by conventional seismic exploration. From the propagation mechanism of seismic waves, P-wave is affected by both lithology and fluid, and its seismic response contains not only lithology but also fluid information, that is, the sensitivity of P-wave to lithology is not high and the identification ability is limited. Therefore, based on P-wave seismic data to predict sedimentary facies, the accuracy is limited and the multi-solution is strong. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a carbonate rock sedimentary facies prediction method, device, electronic device and storage medium, which can improve the accuracy and accuracy of carbonate rock strata sedimentary facies prediction.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present application, a carbonate rock sedimentary facies prediction method is provided, and the method comprises:

[0006] acquire a target P-wave and a target converted S-wave of a carbonate rock formation; wherein the target P-wave is an initial P-wave, and the target converted S-wave is obtained by matching an initial converted S-wave with the initial P-wave;

[0007] determine P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics of the target P-wave and the target converted S-wave in a target interval of the carbonate rock formation respectively, and perform comparative analysis on the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics to determine a comparative analysis result;

[0008] interpret the seismic profile lithology and sedimentary facies of the target interval according to the comparative analysis result, and perform plane prediction on the sedimentary facies of the target interval according to the interpretation result and the target converted S-wave.

[0009] According to another aspect of the present application, a carbonate rock sedimentary facies prediction device is provided, which comprises:

[0010] a seismic wave acquisition module, configured to acquire a target P-wave and a target converted S-wave of a carbonate rock formation; wherein the target P-wave is an initial P-wave, and the target converted S-wave is obtained by matching an initial converted S-wave with the initial P-wave;

[0011] a comparative analysis module, configured to determine P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics of the target P-wave and the target converted S-wave in a target interval of the carbonate rock formation respectively, and perform comparative analysis on the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics to determine a comparative analysis result;

[0012] a plane prediction module, configured to interpret the seismic profile lithology and sedimentary facies of the target interval according to the comparative analysis result, and perform plane prediction on the sedimentary facies of the target interval according to the interpretation result and the target converted S-wave.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present application, an electronic device is provided, which comprises:

[0014] at least one processor; and

[0015] a memory connected with the at least one processor in communication; wherein,

[0016] the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the carbonate rock sedimentary facies prediction method according to any one of the embodiments of the present application.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a processor to implement the carbonate rock sedimentary facies prediction method according to any of the embodiments of the present application when executed.

[0018] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application acquires a target P-wave and a target converted S-wave of a carbonate rock formation; wherein the target P-wave is an initial P-wave, and the target converted S-wave is obtained by matching an initial converted S-wave and the initial P-wave; determines P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics of the target P-wave and the target converted S-wave in a target interval of the carbonate rock formation respectively, and compares and analyzes the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics to determine a comparison and analysis result; interprets the seismic profile lithology and sedimentary facies of the target interval according to the comparison and analysis result, and predicts the sedimentary facies of the target interval according to an interpretation result and the target converted S-wave. The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application predicts the sedimentary facies of the carbonate rock through the comparison and analysis result of the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics, and can improve the accuracy and precision of the prediction of the sedimentary facies of the carbonate rock formation compared with the prediction of the sedimentary facies based on only the P-wave seismic data.

[0019] It should be understood that the content described in this part is not intended to identify key or important features of the embodiments of the present application, nor is it used to limit the scope of the present application. Other features of the present application will become apparent through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a carbonate rock sedimentary facies prediction method according to the first embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of seismic forward result of a target P-wave and a target converted S-wave according to the first embodiment of the present application

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of well logging interpretation curve of a drilled well in a target interval according to the first embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4is a flow chart of a carbonate rock sedimentary facies prediction method according to the second embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 is a synthetic recording calibration diagram of an initial P-wave and an initial converted S-wave according to the second embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 6 is a diagram of a target P-wave and a target converted S-wave according to the second embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 7 is a seismic profile lithology and sedimentary facies diagram of a target interval according to the second embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 8 is a maximum amplitude plan of a target converted S-wave according to the second embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 9 is a maximum amplitude plan of a target P-wave according to the second embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 10 is a reservoir prediction plan of a target interval according to the second embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 11 is a structural diagram of a carbonate rock sedimentary facies prediction device according to the third embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 12 is a structural diagram of an electronic device for implementing the carbonate rock sedimentary facies prediction method according to the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the personnel in the art better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by the person of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor should belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and in the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units does not have to be limited to only those steps or units clearly listed, but can include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0035] Embodiment one

[0036] Figure 1 A flowchart of a carbonate rock sedimentary facies prediction method is provided for the first embodiment of the present application. The present embodiment can be applicable to the case of predicting the sedimentary facies in the carbonate rock stratum. The method can be executed by a carbonate rock sedimentary facies prediction device, which can be realized in the form of hardware and / or software, and can be configured in an electronic device. As shown in the figure, the method comprises: Figure 1

[0037] S110, obtaining a target longitudinal wave and a target converted transverse wave of the carbonate rock stratum; wherein the target longitudinal wave is an initial longitudinal wave, and the target converted transverse wave is obtained by matching the initial converted transverse wave with the initial longitudinal wave.

[0038] The longitudinal wave is a density wave generated by the expansion or compression of the underground rock medium under the action of normal stress. The propagation direction of this wave is consistent with the vibration direction of the particle, and therefore it is called a longitudinal wave. The converted transverse wave is a transverse wave generated by the wave shape conversion of the incident wave when it is obliquely incident on the boundary surface during the propagation of the seismic wave. The propagation direction of this wave is perpendicular to the vibration direction of the particle, and therefore it is called a transverse wave.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, generally speaking, the propagation speed of the longitudinal wave in the crust is faster than the propagation speed of the converted transverse wave in the crust, that is, the appearance time of the reflection waveforms of the longitudinal wave and the converted transverse wave is different on the seismic profile. Therefore, before comparing and analyzing the reflection characteristics of the initial longitudinal wave and the initial converted transverse wave of the seismic profile of the carbonate rock stratum, the initial longitudinal wave and the initial converted transverse wave of the seismic profile of the carbonate rock stratum need to be aligned to obtain the target longitudinal wave and the target converted transverse wave, laying a data foundation for subsequent comparison and analysis.

[0040] ​S120, respectively determine the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics of the target P-wave and the target converted S-wave in the target interval of the carbonate rock formation, and compare and analyze the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics to determine a comparison and analysis result.

[0041] The target interval is the carbonate rock formation interval to be predicted for sedimentary facies, which can be determined according to actual production conditions. The P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics are the reflection characteristics of the target P-wave on the seismic profile of the target interval, and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics are the reflection characteristics of the target converted S-wave on the seismic profile of the target interval. Since the P-wave is jointly affected by lithology and fluid, and the converted S-wave is only affected by lithology, there is a large difference between the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics. It can be understood that as the lithology in the target interval changes, the difference between the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics will also change.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present application, the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics can be compared to determine the difference between the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the change of the difference, and the difference between the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the change of the difference can be analyzed to obtain a reasonable interpretation result as the comparison and analysis result for predicting the lithology and the sedimentary facies of the target interval. Through the comparison and analysis result of the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics, the sedimentary facies of the carbonate rock can be predicted, which can solve the problem of limited precision and strong multi-solution when predicting the sedimentary facies based on only P-wave seismic data, and improve the precision and accuracy of sedimentary facies prediction.

[0043] Optionally, the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics are compared and analyzed to determine a comparison and analysis result, including: respectively obtaining seismic forward result of the target P-wave and the target converted S-wave, well logging data of drilled wells in the target interval, and petrophysical analysis result of the target interval; comparing and analyzing the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics according to the seismic forward result, the well logging data, and the petrophysical analysis result to obtain a comparison and analysis result.

[0044] The seismic forward result of the target longitudinal wave and the target converted transverse wave can be obtained by carrying out target longitudinal wave forward and target converted transverse wave forward through the Zoppeniz equation. The petrophysical analysis result of the target layer section can be used to calculate the impedance of the target longitudinal wave and the target converted transverse wave, and the impedance of the target longitudinal wave and the impedance of the target converted transverse wave are cross-plotted to obtain the impedance of the target longitudinal wave and the impedance of the target converted transverse wave. The impedance of the target longitudinal wave can be calculated according to the velocity and density logging data of the target longitudinal wave, and the impedance of the target converted transverse wave can be calculated according to the velocity and density logging data of the target converted transverse wave.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present application, after the seismic forward result of the target longitudinal wave and the target converted transverse wave, the logging data of the drilled well in the target layer section and the petrophysical analysis result of the target layer section are obtained, the difference between the reflection characteristics of the longitudinal wave seismic profile and the reflection characteristics of the converted transverse wave seismic profile and the change of the difference can be comprehensively analyzed and reasonably explained by combining the seismic forward result, the logging data and the petrophysical analysis result, so as to improve the identification accuracy of the geological body in the target layer section.

[0046] Optionally, the reflection characteristics of the longitudinal wave seismic profile and the reflection characteristics of the converted transverse wave seismic profile are compared and analyzed according to the seismic forward result, the logging data and the petrophysical analysis result to obtain a comparison and analysis result, including: determining the longitudinal wave amplitude of the target longitudinal wave in the target layer section and the converted transverse wave amplitude of the target converted transverse wave in the target layer section; determining the correlation between the amplitude intensity and the carbonate rock lithology according to the seismic forward result, the logging data and the petrophysical analysis result, and taking the correlation as the comparison and analysis result between the reflection characteristics of the longitudinal wave seismic profile and the reflection characteristics of the converted transverse wave seismic profile; wherein the amplitude intensity is the intensity of the longitudinal wave amplitude and the intensity of the converted transverse wave amplitude.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present application, the reflection characteristics of the seismic profile can be set according to the actual situation, and the present application does not limit this. Here, the scheme is explained by taking amplitude as an example. After the longitudinal wave amplitude of the target longitudinal wave in the target layer section and the converted transverse wave amplitude of the target converted transverse wave in the target layer section are determined, the correlation between the intensity of the longitudinal wave amplitude and the intensity of the converted transverse wave amplitude and the carbonate rock lithology can be determined according to the seismic forward result, the logging data and the petrophysical analysis result, and the correlation is taken as the comparison and analysis result between the reflection characteristics of the longitudinal wave seismic profile and the reflection characteristics of the converted transverse wave seismic profile. The amplitude intensity can be divided into three levels of strong, medium and weak according to a preset threshold range.

[0048] Exemplarily, Figure 2 A seismic forward result schematic diagram of a target longitudinal wave and a target converted transverse wave is shown as Figure 2As shown in the figure, the target converted shear wave amplitude intensity of the area circled by the dotted line is strong, and the target longitudinal wave amplitude intensity is medium. Figure 3 A well drilling well logging interpretation curve schematic diagram in a target layer section is shown, and the well drilling well logging interpretation curve schematic diagram is shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 As shown in the seismic forward result, the target converted shear wave amplitude intensity of the area circled by the dotted line is strong, and the target longitudinal wave amplitude intensity is medium. Figure 3 As shown in the well logging interpretation result, it can be determined that the lithology corresponding to the area circled by the dotted line is argillaceous limestone in a limestone background.

[0049] Exemplarily, the elastic parameter calculation results of the longitudinal wave impedance, the converted shear wave impedance and the like of the target layer section are shown in Table 1.

[0050] Table 1: Elastic parameter calculation results of the longitudinal wave impedance, the converted shear wave impedance and the like of the target layer section

[0051]

[0052] As can be seen from Table 1, in the target layer section, the longitudinal wave impedance and the converted shear wave impedance of the dolomite are higher than those of the limestone, the change range of the dolomite relative to the limestone is only 1.13% for the longitudinal wave impedance, and the change range of the dolomite relative to the limestone is as high as 9.2% for the converted shear wave impedance, which indicates that the converted shear wave is better than the longitudinal wave in distinguishing the dolomite and the limestone.

[0053] S130, according to the comparison and analysis result, the seismic section lithology and the sedimentary facies of the target layer section are interpreted, and the sedimentary facies on the plane is predicted according to the interpretation result and the target converted shear wave.

[0054] The seismic section lithology feature is the reflection of the underground lithology information obtained by the seismic exploration technology on the seismic section. The sedimentary facies mainly reflects the relationship between the sediments and the sedimentary environment, and is an important content in the fields of geomorphology, stratigraphy and oil and gas exploration and development, and the lithology feature is one of important marks for identifying the sedimentary facies.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present application, after the comparison and analysis result of the longitudinal wave seismic section reflection feature and the converted shear wave seismic section reflection feature is obtained, the seismic section lithology of the target layer section and the sedimentary facies of the target layer section on the seismic section can be interpreted according to the correlation relationship contained in the comparison and analysis result. Then, the sedimentary facies on the plane is converted from the sedimentary facies on the seismic section according to the interpretation result and the target converted shear wave, and the plane prediction of the sedimentary facies of the target layer section is completed.

[0056] The technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application obtains a target P-wave and a target converted S-wave of a carbonate rock formation; wherein the target P-wave is an initial P-wave, and the target converted S-wave is obtained by matching an initial converted S-wave with the initial P-wave; P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics of the target P-wave and the target converted S-wave in a target interval of the carbonate rock formation are determined respectively, and the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics are compared and analyzed to determine a comparison and analysis result; the lithology and sedimentary facies of a seismic profile of the target interval are interpreted according to the comparison and analysis result, and the sedimentary facies of the target interval is planarly predicted according to an interpretation result and the target converted S-wave. The technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application predicts the sedimentary facies of the carbonate rock through the comparison and analysis result of the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics, and compared with the prediction of the sedimentary facies based on only the P-wave seismic data, the accuracy and the precision of the prediction of the sedimentary facies of the carbonate rock formation can be improved.

[0057] Embodiment two

[0058] Figure 4 A flowchart of a carbonate rock sedimentary facies prediction method provided by the embodiment two of the present application is based on the optimization of the above-described embodiment, and the schemes not described in detail in the embodiment of the present application are described in the above-described embodiment. As shown in the figure, Figure 4 the method comprises:

[0059] S210, seismic data of an initial P-wave and seismic data of an initial converted S-wave of a carbonate rock formation are obtained.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present application, relatively faithful initial P-wave seismic data and initial converted S-wave seismic data can be obtained through multi-component seismic exploration and fine processing.

[0061] S220, synthetic record calibration is carried out on the seismic data of the initial P-wave to carry out horizon interpretation of the initial P-wave, and a P-wave horizon interpretation result of the initial P-wave is obtained; synthetic record calibration is carried out on the seismic data of the initial converted S-wave to carry out horizon interpretation of the initial converted S-wave, and a converted S-wave horizon interpretation result of the initial converted S-wave is obtained. In the embodiment of the present application, synthetic record calibration can be carried out on the P-wave data and the converted S-wave data of the carbonate rock formation respectively to carry out horizon interpretation of the initial P-wave and the initial converted S-wave, and a P-wave horizon interpretation result of the initial P-wave and a converted S-wave horizon interpretation result of the initial converted S-wave are obtained. Exemplarily, Figure 5 a synthetic record calibration diagram of an initial P-wave and an initial converted S-wave is shown, as shown in the figure, Figure 5 the left side of the figure is the synthetic record calibration of the initial P-wave, and the right side of the figure is the synthetic record calibration of the initial converted S-wave.

[0062] S230, taking the initial P-wave as a standard, performing layer position alignment and time domain matching on the initial converted S-wave and the initial P-wave according to the P-wave layer position interpretation result and the converted S-wave layer position interpretation result, and taking the initial P-wave as a target P-wave and taking the initial converted S-wave after matching processing as a target converted S-wave.

[0063] Wherein, the layer position alignment refers to a process of accurately matching and corresponding positions and forms of different layers in the underground through seismic exploration, well logging data or other geological information. The time domain matching refers to a process of accurately matching and corresponding two or more signals or data sequences having overlapping or correlation in time.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present application, after the initial P-wave and the initial converted S-wave are subjected to layer position alignment and time domain matching, the initial P-wave can be taken as a target P-wave and the initial converted S-wave after matching processing can be taken as a target converted S-wave. Through the above process, the consistency of the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics corresponding thereto in the time domain can be ensured, thereby laying a data foundation for subsequent comparative analysis.

[0065] Optionally, the layer position alignment and the time domain matching on the initial P-wave and the initial converted S-wave comprise: determining a P-wave marker reflection layer of the initial P-wave and a converted S-wave marker reflection layer of the initial converted S-wave, and performing layer position alignment processing on the initial P-wave and the initial converted S-wave according to the P-wave marker reflection layer and the converted S-wave marker reflection layer; determining a velocity ratio between the initial P-wave and the initial converted S-wave after layer position alignment, and performing time domain matching processing on the initial P-wave and the initial converted S-wave after layer position alignment according to the velocity ratio.

[0066] Wherein, the marker reflection layer is used for performing layer position alignment processing on the initial P-wave and the initial converted S-wave, and can be determined by carrying out layer position fine interpretation of the target layer section and the adjacent layer section of the target layer section, and has a marker reflection characteristic.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present application, the P-wave marker reflection layer of the initial P-wave and the converted S-wave marker reflection layer of the initial converted S-wave can be determined first. Based on the principle that the P-wave and the converted S-wave reflection events of the same geological layer have similarity, the time values of the similar reflection events are compared to determine the converted S-wave marker reflection layer corresponding to the P-wave marker reflection layer, and the initial P-wave layer position and the initial converted S-wave layer position are aligned one by one according to the corresponding relationship between the marker reflection layers. Then, the velocity ratio between the initial P-wave and the initial converted S-wave after layer position alignment is determined, and the initial P-wave and the initial converted S-wave are matched in the time domain according to the velocity ratio, i.e., the time domain matching processing is performed on the initial P-wave and the initial converted S-wave after layer position alignment. Exemplarily, Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a target P-wave and a target converted S-wave is shown as follows:Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the upper side of the figure is a target longitudinal wave, the lower side of the figure is a target converted transverse wave, Hor1, Hor2, Hor3 are respectively three pairs of corresponding marker reflection layers.

[0068] S240, respectively determine the reflection characteristics of the target longitudinal wave and the target converted transverse wave in the target layer section of the carbonate rock formation, and compare and analyze the reflection characteristics of the longitudinal wave and the converted transverse wave, and determine the comparison and analysis result.

[0069] S250, according to the comparison and analysis result, determine the seismic profile lithology and sedimentary facies type of the target layer section, and take the seismic profile lithology and sedimentary facies type as the interpretation result.

[0070] In the embodiment of the present application, after obtaining the comparison and analysis result of the reflection characteristics of the longitudinal wave and the converted transverse wave, the seismic profile lithology of the target layer section and the sedimentary facies of the target layer section on the seismic profile can be interpreted according to the correlation relationship contained in the comparison and analysis result, the seismic profile lithology of the target layer section and the sedimentary facies type of the target layer section on the seismic profile are determined, and the seismic profile lithology and the sedimentary facies type are taken as the interpretation result.

[0071] Optionally, according to the comparison and analysis result, the seismic profile lithology and the sedimentary facies type of the target layer section are determined, including: according to the comparison and analysis result, the longitudinal wave amplitude of the target longitudinal wave in the target layer section and the converted transverse wave amplitude of the target converted transverse wave in the target layer section, determining the seismic profile lithology of the target layer section; according to the geological knowledge and the seismic profile lithology, determining the sedimentary facies type of the target layer section.

[0072] In the embodiment of the present application, the comparison and analysis result contains the correlation relationship between the amplitude intensity and the carbonate rock lithology, so the seismic profile lithology of the target layer section can be determined according to the comparison and analysis result, the amplitude of the target longitudinal wave in the target layer section and the amplitude of the target converted transverse wave in the target layer section, and then the sedimentary facies type of the target layer section on the seismic profile is determined according to the seismic profile lithology of the target layer section, and the seismic profile lithology and the sedimentary facies type are taken as the interpretation result. Exemplarily, Figure 7 A seismic profile lithology and sedimentary facies schematic diagram of a target layer section is shown, as Figure 7As shown in the figure, the reflection characteristics (W41) with the amplitude intensity of converted S-wave being strong and the amplitude intensity of P-wave being medium are the response of argillaceous limestone, which indicates the inter-beach depression sedimentary facies of the carbonate platform. The reflection characteristics (W23 well's Maokou Formation) with the amplitude intensity of converted S-wave being medium and the amplitude intensity of P-wave being weak are the response of limestone, which indicates the low-energy beach sedimentary facies. The reflection characteristics (W39) with the amplitude intensity of converted S-wave being weak and the amplitude intensity of P-wave being weak are the response of dolomite, which indicates the high-energy beach sedimentary facies, which is the favorable reservoir development area.

[0073] S260, extracting the maximum amplitude of the target converted S-wave in the target layer, and predicting the sedimentary facies of the target layer according to the maximum amplitude and the interpretation result.

[0074] In the embodiment of the present application, the converted S-wave is sensitive to lithology, and the maximum amplitude of the target converted S-wave is preferably used to carry out high-precision plane prediction of the sedimentary facies of the target layer, and lay a foundation for comprehensive evaluation of the reservoir. Specifically, the maximum amplitude of the target converted S-wave in the target layer is extracted to form a maximum amplitude plane map of the target converted S-wave, and the sedimentary facies on the maximum amplitude plane map is predicted according to the interpretation result. As shown in the figure, Figure 8 a maximum amplitude plane map of the target converted S-wave is shown, as shown in the figure, Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the area with high amplitude intensity of converted S-wave is the response of argillaceous limestone, which indicates the inter-beach depression; the area with medium amplitude intensity of converted S-wave is the response of limestone, which indicates the low-energy beach; and the area with low amplitude intensity of converted S-wave is the response of dolomite, which indicates the high-energy beach.

[0075] In the embodiment of the present application, in order to compare the plane prediction effect of the sedimentary facies by using the converted S-wave and by using the P-wave, the maximum amplitude attribute of the target P-wave is also extracted, and as shown in the figure, Figure 9 a maximum amplitude plane map of the target P-wave is shown, as shown in the figure, Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the amplitude intensity of W41 well and W39 well is low, and the difference is small, so it is difficult to reflect the difference in lithology and sedimentary facies between the two wells. However, W41 well is argillaceous limestone, which belongs to the inter-beach depression sedimentary facies, and W39 well is dolomite, which belongs to the high-energy beach sedimentary facies. It can be seen that the plane prediction of the sedimentary facies by using the P-wave may have obvious errors. In addition, Figure 10 a reservoir prediction plane map of the target layer is shown, as shown in the figure, Figure 9 compared with Figure 10 it is found that the plane distribution of the sedimentary facies predicted by using the P-wave amplitude attribute is poor, and the favorable facies belt (high-energy beach) does not match the reservoir development area. In addition, Figure 8 compared with Figure 10It is found through comparison that the carbonate rock sedimentary facies distribution characteristics predicted by using converted shear wave amplitude attribute are clear, the prediction accuracy is obviously higher than that of the longitudinal wave prediction result, and the consistency with the reservoir prediction result is better, and the reservoir development degree is high. The area is mostly located in the range of the favorable facies belt (intra-platform beach), which further proves that the converted shear wave has higher reliability and higher accuracy than the longitudinal wave in the prediction of carbonate rock sedimentary facies.

[0076] The technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application acquires initial longitudinal wave seismic data and initial converted shear wave seismic data of the carbonate rock stratum; performs synthetic record calibration on the initial longitudinal wave seismic data to perform initial longitudinal wave horizon interpretation, and obtains initial longitudinal wave horizon interpretation results of the initial longitudinal wave; performs synthetic record calibration on the initial converted shear wave seismic data to perform initial converted shear wave horizon interpretation, and obtains converted shear wave horizon interpretation results of the initial converted shear wave; aligns the horizons and performs time domain matching on the initial converted shear wave and the initial longitudinal wave according to the longitudinal wave horizon interpretation results and the converted shear wave horizon interpretation results with the initial longitudinal wave as the standard, and takes the initial longitudinal wave as the target longitudinal wave and the initial converted shear wave after the matching processing as the target converted shear wave; determines the longitudinal wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted shear wave seismic profile reflection characteristics of the target longitudinal wave and the target converted shear wave in the target layer section of the carbonate rock stratum, compares and analyzes the longitudinal wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted shear wave seismic profile reflection characteristics, and determines comparison and analysis results; determines the seismic profile lithology and the sedimentary facies type of the target layer section according to the comparison and analysis results, and takes the seismic profile lithology and the sedimentary facies type as the interpretation results; extracts the maximum amplitude of the target converted shear wave in the target layer section, and performs plane prediction on the sedimentary facies of the target layer section according to the maximum amplitude and the interpretation results. The technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application predicts the sedimentary facies of the carbonate rock through the comparison and analysis results of the longitudinal wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted shear wave seismic profile reflection characteristics, and compared with the prediction of the sedimentary facies based on only the longitudinal wave seismic data, the accuracy and the accuracy of the prediction of the sedimentary facies of the carbonate rock stratum can be improved.

[0077] Embodiment three

[0078] Figure 11 A carbonate rock sedimentary facies prediction device provided by the embodiment three of the present application is shown in a structural schematic view. Figure 11 As shown in the figure, the device comprises:

[0079] The seismic wave acquisition module 310 is configured to acquire target longitudinal wave and target converted shear wave of the carbonate rock stratum; wherein the target longitudinal wave is initial longitudinal wave, and the target converted shear wave is obtained after the initial converted shear wave and the initial longitudinal wave are aligned and matched.

[0080] The comparative analysis module 320 is configured to determine the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics of the target P-wave and the target converted S-wave in the target interval of the carbonate rock formation respectively, and perform comparative analysis on the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics to obtain a comparative analysis result.

[0081] The plane prediction module 330 is configured to interpret the seismic profile lithology and sedimentary facies of the target interval according to the comparative analysis result, and perform plane prediction on the sedimentary facies of the target interval according to the interpretation result and the target converted S-wave.

[0082] Optionally, the seismic wave acquisition module 310 comprises:

[0083] The seismic data acquisition unit is configured to acquire initial P-wave seismic data and initial converted S-wave seismic data of the carbonate rock formation.

[0084] The horizon interpretation result acquisition unit is configured to perform synthetic record calibration on the initial P-wave seismic data to perform horizon interpretation of the initial P-wave, and obtain a P-wave horizon interpretation result of the initial P-wave; and perform synthetic record calibration on the initial converted S-wave seismic data to perform horizon interpretation of the initial converted S-wave, and obtain a converted S-wave horizon interpretation result of the initial converted S-wave.

[0085] The target seismic wave acquisition unit is configured to perform horizon alignment and time domain matching on the initial converted S-wave and the initial P-wave according to the P-wave horizon interpretation result and the converted S-wave horizon interpretation result with the initial P-wave as a standard, and take the initial P-wave as the target P-wave and take the initial converted S-wave after matching processing as the target converted S-wave.

[0086] Optionally, the target seismic wave acquisition unit comprises

[0087] The horizon alignment processing subunit is configured to determine a P-wave marker reflection layer of the initial P-wave and a converted S-wave marker reflection layer of the initial converted S-wave, and perform horizon alignment processing on the initial P-wave and the initial converted S-wave according to the P-wave marker reflection layer and the converted S-wave marker reflection layer.

[0088] The time domain matching processing subunit is configured to determine a velocity ratio between the horizon-aligned initial P-wave and the horizon-aligned initial converted S-wave, and perform time domain matching processing on the horizon-aligned initial P-wave and the horizon-aligned initial converted S-wave according to the velocity ratio.

[0089] Optionally, the comparative analysis module 320 comprises:

[0090] a data acquisition unit, configured to acquire a seismic forward result of the target P-wave and the target converted S-wave, well logging data of a drilled well in the target interval, and a petrophysical analysis result of the target interval respectively;

[0091] a comparative analysis unit, configured to perform comparative analysis on the reflection characteristics of the P-wave seismic profile and the reflection characteristics of the converted S-wave seismic profile according to the seismic forward result, the well logging data, and the petrophysical analysis result, to obtain a comparative analysis result.

[0092] Optionally, the comparative analysis unit comprises:

[0093] an amplitude determination sub-unit, configured to determine a P-wave amplitude of the target P-wave in the target interval and a converted S-wave amplitude of the target converted S-wave in the target interval;

[0094] a comparative analysis sub-unit, configured to determine a correlation between amplitude intensity and carbonate rock lithology according to the seismic forward result, the well logging data, and the petrophysical analysis result, and take the correlation as the comparative analysis result between the reflection characteristics of the P-wave seismic profile and the reflection characteristics of the converted S-wave seismic profile; wherein the amplitude intensity comprises intensity of the P-wave amplitude and intensity of the converted S-wave amplitude.

[0095] Optionally, the plane prediction module 330 comprises:

[0096] an interpretation result determination unit, configured to determine a seismic profile lithology and a sedimentary facies type of the target interval according to the comparative analysis result, and take the seismic profile lithology and the sedimentary facies type as an interpretation result;

[0097] a plane prediction unit, configured to extract a maximum amplitude of the target converted S-wave in the target interval, and perform plane prediction on a sedimentary facies of the target interval according to the maximum amplitude and the interpretation result.

[0098] Optionally, the interpretation result determination unit comprises:

[0099] a seismic profile lithology determination sub-unit, configured to determine a seismic profile lithology of the target interval according to the comparative analysis result, the P-wave amplitude of the target P-wave in the target interval, and the converted S-wave amplitude of the target converted S-wave in the target interval;

[0100] a sedimentary facies type determination sub-unit, configured to determine a sedimentary facies type of the target interval according to geological knowledge and the seismic profile lithology.

[0101] The carbonate rock sedimentary facies prediction device provided by the embodiment of the present application can execute the carbonate rock sedimentary facies prediction method provided by any embodiment of the present application, has the function modules and beneficial effects corresponding to the execution method.

[0102] Embodiment four

[0103] Figure 12 A structural schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 that can be used to implement embodiments of the present application is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptops, desktops, tablets, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframes, and other appropriate computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular telephones, smart phones, wearable devices (e.g., headsets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions, are meant to be examples only, and are not meant to limit implementations of the present application described and / or claimed in this document.

[0104] As Figure 12 shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11, and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12, a random access memory (RAM) 13, etc., which is communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 12 or loaded into the random access memory (RAM) 13 from the storage unit 18. In the RAM 13, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10 can also be stored. The processor 11, the ROM 12, and the RAM 13 are connected to each other through a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0105] A plurality of components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I / O interface 15, including: an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, a speaker, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network, such as the Internet, and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0106] The processor 11 can be various general and / or special purpose processing components having processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various specialized artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 11 performs various methods and processes described above, such as the carbonate rock facies prediction method.

[0107] In some embodiments, the carbonate rock facies prediction method can be implemented as a computer program tangibly embodied in a computer readable storage medium, such as the storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed onto the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and / or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded onto the RAM 13 and executed by the processor 11, one or more steps of the carbonate rock facies prediction method described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 can be configured to perform the carbonate rock facies prediction method by any other suitable means, such as by means of firmware.

[0108] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above can be realized in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuitry, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system on a chip (SOC), a programmable logic device (PLD), a computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations can include implementation in one or more computer programs that are executable and / or interpretable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be special or general purpose, coupled to receive data and instructions from, and to transmit data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device.

[0109] Computer programs used to implement the methods of the application can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the computer program, when executed by the processor of the machine, implements the functions / acts specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. The computer program can be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, partially on a machine as a stand-alone software package, partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0110] In the context of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible medium that can contain or store a computer program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer-readable storage medium can include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium can be a machine-readable signal medium. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium will include one or more lines of a program of instructions in a transitory signal, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0111] To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described here can be implemented on an electronic device having a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other kinds of devices can be used to provide for interaction with a user as well; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input.

[0112] The systems and techniques described here can be implemented in a computing system that includes a back end component (e.g., as a data server), or that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), or that includes a front end component (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a Web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described here), or any combination of such back end, middleware, or front end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0113] The computing system can include clients and servers. A client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other. The server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system, to solve the defects of large management difficulty and weak business scalability in traditional physical host and VPS service.

[0114] It should be understood that the various forms of flow shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, each step described in the present application can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solutions of the present application can be achieved, which is not limited herein.

[0115] The above detailed description does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for predicting sedimentary facies in carbonate rocks, characterized in that, The method includes: The target P-wave and target converted S-wave of the carbonate rock formation are obtained; wherein the target P-wave is the initial P-wave, and the target converted S-wave is obtained by matching the initial converted S-wave with the initial P-wave. The seismic reflection characteristics of the target P-wave and the target converted S-wave in the target section of the carbonate rock formation are determined respectively, and the seismic reflection characteristics of the P-wave and the converted S-wave are compared and analyzed to determine the comparison and analysis results. Based on the comparative analysis results, the seismic profile lithology and sedimentary facies of the target layer are interpreted, and based on the interpretation results and the target converted shear wave, the sedimentary facies of the target layer are predicted in planar terms.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Acquiring the target P-wave and target converted S-wave of carbonate rock formations, including: Obtain the initial P-wave seismic data and the initial converted S-wave seismic data of the carbonate rock formation; Synthetic record calibration is performed on the seismic data of the initial P-wave to perform layer interpretation of the initial P-wave, and the P-wave layer interpretation result of the initial P-wave is obtained; synthetic record calibration is performed on the seismic data of the initial converted S-wave to perform layer interpretation of the initial converted S-wave, and the converted S-wave layer interpretation result of the initial converted S-wave is obtained. Using the initial P-wave as the standard, the initial converted S-wave and the initial P-wave are aligned and matched in the time domain according to the P-wave stratigraphic interpretation results and the converted S-wave stratigraphic interpretation results. The initial P-wave is taken as the target P-wave, and the initial converted S-wave after matching is taken as the target converted S-wave.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the P-wave and converted S-wave interpretation results, the initial P-wave and the initial converted S-wave are aligned in the stratigraphic plane and matched in the time domain, including: The initial longitudinal wave marker reflection layer and the initial converted transverse wave marker reflection layer are determined, and the initial longitudinal wave and the initial converted transverse wave are performed on layer alignment based on the initial longitudinal wave marker reflection layer and the initial converted transverse wave marker reflection layer. Determine the velocity ratio between the initial P-wave and the initial converted S-wave after layer alignment, and perform time-domain matching processing on the initial P-wave and the initial converted S-wave after layer alignment based on the velocity ratio.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reflection characteristics of the P-wave seismic profile and the reflection characteristics of the converted S-wave seismic profile are compared and analyzed to determine the comparison analysis results, including: Seismic forward modeling results of the target P-wave and the target converted S-wave, well logging data of the drilled wells in the target section, and rock physical analysis results of the target section are obtained respectively. The reflection characteristics of the P-wave seismic profile and the converted S-wave seismic profile are compared and analyzed based on the seismic forward modeling results, the well logging data, and the rock physics analysis results to obtain the comparison analysis results.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the seismic forward modeling results, the well logging data, and the rock physical analysis results, a comparative analysis of the reflection characteristics of the P-wave seismic profile and the converted S-wave seismic profile was conducted to obtain the following comparative analysis results: Determine the amplitude of the target longitudinal wave and the amplitude of the target converted transverse wave in the target layer segment; Based on the seismic forward modeling results, the well logging data, and the rock physics analysis results, the correlation between amplitude intensity and carbonate rock lithology is determined, and the correlation is used as the comparative analysis result between the reflection characteristics of the P-wave seismic profile and the reflection characteristics of the converted S-wave seismic profile; wherein, the amplitude intensity includes the intensity of the P-wave amplitude and the intensity of the converted S-wave amplitude.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the comparative analysis results, the lithology and sedimentary facies of the seismic profile of the target layer are interpreted, and based on the interpretation results and the target converted shear wave, the sedimentary facies of the target layer are predicted in planar terms, including: Based on the comparative analysis results, the seismic profile lithology and sedimentary facies type of the target layer are determined, and the seismic profile lithology and sedimentary facies type are used as the interpretation results; The maximum amplitude of the target converted shear wave within the target layer is extracted, and the depositional facies of the target layer is predicted in a plane based on the maximum amplitude and the interpretation results.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Based on the comparative analysis results, the seismic profile lithology and sedimentary facies type of the target section are determined, including: Based on the comparative analysis results, the P-wave amplitude of the target P-wave in the target layer, and the converted S-wave amplitude of the target converted S-wave in the target layer, the seismic profile lithology of the target layer is determined; Based on geological knowledge and the lithology of the seismic profile, the sedimentary facies type of the target layer is determined.

8. A device for predicting sedimentary facies of carbonate rocks, characterized in that, The device includes: The seismic wave acquisition module is used to acquire the target P-wave and the target converted S-wave of the carbonate rock formation; wherein, the target P-wave is the initial P-wave, and the target converted S-wave is obtained by matching the initial converted S-wave with the initial P-wave; The comparative analysis module is used to determine the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics of the target P-wave and the target converted S-wave in the target section of the carbonate rock strata, respectively, and to perform comparative analysis on the P-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics and the converted S-wave seismic profile reflection characteristics to determine the comparative analysis results. The planar prediction module is used to interpret the lithology and sedimentary facies of the seismic profile of the target layer based on the comparative analysis results, and to perform planar prediction of the sedimentary facies of the target layer based on the interpretation results and the target converted shear wave.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: At least one processor; and A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the carbonate sedimentary facies prediction method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions that cause a processor to execute the carbonate sedimentary facies prediction method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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