Artificial propagation method of sculpin versicolor
By administering three injections of oxytocin to the variegated sculpin and controlling the incubation conditions, the breeding problem of the variegated sculpin was solved, achieving efficient artificial breeding and large-scale breeding, and improving the oxytocin rate, fertilization rate and hatching rate.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-31
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies make it difficult to achieve efficient, stable, and feasible artificial breeding of variegated sculpins, especially under demanding conditions of water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and substrate, which makes large-scale breeding difficult.
The male and female parent fish were induced to spawn by a three-injection method of oxytocin, and the hatching conditions of the fertilized eggs were controlled, including water temperature and dissolved oxygen levels. The eggs were hatched in specially designed hatching baskets to simulate natural reproductive ecological conditions.
It improved the spawning rate, fertilization rate and hatching rate of variegated sculpin, realizing the large-scale artificial breeding of variegated sculpin and protecting endangered resources.
Smart Images
Figure CN121753736A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of fish farming technology, and in particular to a method for the artificial breeding of variegated sculpins. Background Technology
[0002] The variegated sculpin (Cottus poecilopus) is a small, benthic, subcold-water fish found in specific streams, and it has value in the fields of food, ornamental fish, and ecological research. Due to its tender flesh, delicious taste, high nutritional value, and unique body coloration and behavioral characteristics, it has gradually attracted attention in recent years from the aquatic product market and the native ornamental fish market, fetching prices of 100-200 yuan / kg. However, the natural reproduction of the variegated sculpin is severely constrained by environmental conditions, resulting in a limited wild population, and its survival rate during collection and transportation is low, making it difficult to meet market demand.
[0003] Currently, there is no mature system for artificial breeding techniques for the variegated sculpin. Under artificial breeding conditions, this fish species generally suffers from problems such as asynchronous gonadal development, low spawning rate, demanding incubation environment requirements for fertilized eggs, and difficulty in the survival of newly hatched fry. Existing hormone-induced methods commonly used in artificial breeding of fish have inconsistent effects on the variegated sculpin, and there is a lack of breeding programs tailored to its specific physiological characteristics, making large-scale breeding difficult to achieve.
[0004] Furthermore, the variegated sculpin is sensitive to changes in water quality, especially in terms of water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and substrate conditions, making conventional freshwater fish breeding techniques difficult to apply directly. How to simulate its natural reproductive ecological conditions and achieve artificial control over the entire process from broodstock rearing and spawning to fry hatching has become a key bottleneck for the sustainable utilization and market supply of this fish species.
[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an efficient, stable, and highly operable artificial breeding method for variegated stigmata to overcome its breeding technical barriers and provide reliable technical support for its resource conservation and commercial breeding. Summary of the Invention
[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides an artificial breeding method for variegated sculpins to solve the above problems.
[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:
[0008] This invention provides a method for the artificial breeding of variegated sculpins, comprising the following steps:
[0009] (1) Harvesting of parent fish: female and male fish aged 2-3 winters with gonads developed to stage IV are harvested in March and April and placed in temporary holding ponds for temporary holding;
[0010] (2) Broodstock rearing: After the broodstock are introduced into the pond, they are allowed to recover for 1 to 2 days. Fresh river shrimp are shelled and prepared into shrimp paste. The shrimp paste is then kneaded into spherical pellets of uniform size and fed to the broodstock. The amount of feed should be 3 to 5% of the broodstock's body weight.
[0011] (3) Artificial spawning: Female fish were injected with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone A 23~5μg / kg. 23~25h later, female fish were injected with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone A 29~11μg / kg. 23~25h later, female fish were injected with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone A 220μg / kg + human chorionic gonadotropin 1900~2100IU / kg. Male fish were injected with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone A 29~11μg / kg + human chorionic gonadotropin 900~1100IU / kg at the same time as the female fish were injected for the third time.
[0012] After all the parent fish have been injected, the female and male parent fish are mixed together and placed in the spawning tank, maintaining a water temperature of 18-20℃.
[0013] (4) Hatching of fertilized eggs: After 47-49 hours, collect the fertilized eggs and put them into the hatching basket for hatching. The water temperature during hatching is 10-15℃ and the dissolved oxygen is 5-10 mg / L. Cover the hatching basket with a shade net to block the light. After 160-170 hours, the eggs hatch and the fry are obtained.
[0014] Preferably, in step (1), female fish are selected with a weight of ≥5g, a full and soft abdomen, a clear outline of the ovary and a slightly red genital opening, and a transparent abdomen so that eggs can be observed in the ovary; male fish are selected with a weight of ≥10g and a brightly colored dorsal fin.
[0015] Preferably, the ratio of female to male parents in the spawning pool is 2 to 3:1.
[0016] Preferably, the density of broodstock in the holding tank is 20-40 fish / m². 2 The water depth should be 30-50cm, and the water temperature should be controlled at 10-15℃.
[0017] Preferably, the stocking density in the spawning pond is 10-30 fish / m². 2 Fish egg density reaches 800 eggs / m² 2 Replace the fish nest later
[0018] Preferably, before artificial spawning, a spawning pond is arranged, wherein the spawning pond is arranged as follows: a cover is set up at the bottom of the pond and on the surrounding walls of the breeding farm, and fish nests are laid around the walls of the spawning pond. The fish nests are built with pebbles and tiles, and the lower surface of the tiles is covered with netting.
[0019] Preferably, the bottom of the temporary holding cement pool is square, with an area of 9m². 2 .
[0020] Preferably, the bottom of the spawning pond is square with a side length of 3m, and two fish nests are set on each side of the pond wall, with one fish nest set in the middle of the pond.
[0021] Preferably, the density of fertilized eggs in the incubation basket is 0.8~1.2×10⁻⁶. 5 Particles / m 3 .
[0022] Preferably, the hatching basket has a mesh size of 60 mesh.
[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The artificial spawning method of the present invention includes the following steps: Female parent fish are injected with oxytocin three times to induce spawning, and the ratio of male to female parent fish is adjusted to 2-3:1 to obtain fertilized eggs. The water temperature for incubation of the fertilized eggs is 10-15℃, the dissolved oxygen is 5-10 mg / L, and the fertilized eggs are incubated in incubation baskets with a shade net covering them to prevent light exposure, thus obtaining fry. The present invention uses a three-injection method to inject oxytocin, and strictly controls the dosage and interval of each injection, which can obtain well-developed eggs and sperm. Simultaneously, by controlling the incubation conditions of the fertilized eggs, the spawning rate of the variegated sculpin reaches 84.03%, the fertilization rate is over 93.5%, and the hatching rate is over 87%, realizing the large-scale artificial breeding of the variegated sculpin, which is of great significance for the protection of this endangered resource. Attached Figure Description
[0024] Figure 1 These are male variegated sculpins, with A being a dorsal view of the male and B a ventral view.
[0025] Figure 2 These are female variegated sculpins, with A being a dorsal view of the female and B a ventral view.
[0026] Figure 3 This is a picture of a variegated scorpionfish nest.
[0027] Figure 4 Image of fertilized eggs of the variegated sculpin.
[0028] Figure 5 This image shows the morphological characteristics of juvenile scorpionfish. Detailed Implementation
[0029] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0030] Example 1
[0031] I. Collection and Selection of Broodstock: In mid-March, healthy wild fish are collected and selected from natural waters. 347 tailsIn early April, we began collecting and selecting broodstock of variegated stigmas. The sex characteristics were not obvious, requiring careful differentiation (see Table 1 and...). Figure 1 , Figure 2 During the selection process, male fish should be larger, with brightly colored dorsal fins, over 2 years old, and vigorous; female fish should have a full and soft abdomen, a clear outline of the ovary, a slightly reddish genital opening, and a transparent abdomen so that eggs can be observed inside the ovary.
[0032] Table 1. Sex identification of variegated sculpins
[0033] gender Non-breeding season Breeding season male They are generally large in size, and the length of their pelvic fins is generally more than 2 / 3 of the distance from the base of the pelvic fin to the anus. The tip of the dorsal fin is orange-yellow, the abdomen is slender, the genital opening is concave inward and arrow-shaped, and white semen can be squeezed out. female They are generally small in size, and the length of their pelvic fins is generally less than 2 / 3 of the distance from the base of the pelvic fin to the anus. The tip of the dorsal fin is brown, the abdomen is swollen and soft, the genital opening is red and swollen and protrudes outward, and it is teardrop-shaped. Some fish have transparent abdomens, which look like "transparent windows" and the eggs can be clearly observed.
[0034] II. Broodstock rearing: Selected broodstock are placed in temporary cement tanks at a density of 30 fish / m². 2 The water depth is 40cm, and the water temperature is controlled between 10~15℃. After the parent fish are introduced into the pond, they are allowed to acclimate for one day before being fed live food, approximately 5% of their body weight. The water is changed every two days during the rearing period. The temporary holding pond is square, with an area of 9m². 2 .
[0035] Live bait for feeding parent fish is prepared by the following method: Fresh river shrimp are shelled and prepared into shrimp paste. The shrimp paste is then kneaded into spherical pellets with a diameter of about 1 cm and uniform particle size. This bait is then used for feeding.
[0036] III. Spawning Pond Layout and Stocking Density: Concealment should be installed at the bottom and around the walls of the spawning pond. Tile-shaped fish nests should be laid around the walls, with a density of approximately two nests per wall and one nest in the pond (see...). Figure 3 The fish nests are constructed using pebbles and tiles, with the undersides of the tiles covered with netting to facilitate spawning and egg collection by the female fish. The egg density reaches 800 eggs / m². 2 We will replace the fish nest later.
[0037] IV. Induction of Spawning in Broodstock: The variegated sculls were injected three times, with each injection spaced 24 hours apart. The first injection in the female was luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-A) at a dose of 24 μg / kg. 24 hours later, the female received the second injection, with a dose of 10 μg / kg LH-A. 24 hours after that, the female received the third injection, with a dose of 220 μg / kg LH-A plus 2000 IU / kg human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The male was simultaneously injected with 10 μg / kg LH-A plus 1000 IU / kg hCG at the same time as the female's third injection. The injection site was the muscle at the base of the dorsal fin of the variegated sculls.
[0038] After the broodstock are injected, and 48 hours after the effect, the broodstock that were induced to spawn are mixed in a 2:1 female-to-male ratio (263 females and 84 males) and placed in the spawning pond prepared in step five to allow them to fertilize and spawn naturally. At the same time, attention should be paid to the water temperature, which should be kept at 18-20℃.
[0039] V. Incubation: After 48 hours, collect the fertilized eggs from the mesh using a scraper, gently disperse the eggs manually, and place them in a conical silk incubation basket (60 mesh) with a cylindrical top and a conical bottom for incubation. The density of fertilized eggs is 1×10⁻⁶. 5 Particles / m 3 The water temperature should be 10-15℃. A shade net should be placed over the hatching basket to block sunlight. Dissolved oxygen in the water should be maintained at 5-10 mg / L. During hatching, dead eggs should be removed daily and the water changed to maintain cleanliness. Once the fry gradually turn black and begin swimming horizontally, they can be transferred to a cement pond for further cultivation. The fertilized eggs should have the following morphology: Figure 4 See the morphology of the fry Figure 5 In Example 1, the spawning rate was 84.03%, the fertilization rate was 93.5%, the hatching rate was 87%, and 3.86 × 10⁶ fish fry were obtained. 4 tail.
[0040] Comparative Example 1
[0041] Unlike Example 1, the female fish were induced to spawn using the following method:
[0042] The first injection is luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone A 22 μg / kg, and the second injection is given 24 hours later.
[0043] The second injection is luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone A2 5μg / kg, and the third injection is given 24 hours later.
[0044] The third injection is luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone A2 20 μg / kg + HCG 2000 IU / kg.
[0045] Comparative Example 1 showed a spawning rate of 20.4%, a fertilization rate of 38.6%, a hatching rate of 63%, and yielded 6.25 × 10⁶ fish fry. 2 tail.
[0046] Comparative Example 2
[0047] Unlike Example 1, the female fish were induced to spawn using the following method:
[0048] The first injection is luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone A 24 μg / kg, and the second injection is given 24 hours later.
[0049] The second injection is luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone A 24 μg / kg, and the third injection is given 24 hours later.
[0050] The third injection was luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone A at 24 μg / kg.
[0051] The spawning rate of Comparative Example 2 was 0, and 0 fish fry were obtained.
[0052] Comparative Example 3
[0053] Unlike Example 1, the female fish were induced to spawn using the following method:
[0054] The first injection is luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone A 22 μg / kg, and the second injection is given 24 hours later.
[0055] The second injection is luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone A 25 μg / kg, and the third injection is given 24 hours later.
[0056] The third injection consisted of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone A 240 μg / kg + HCG 2000 IU / kg.
[0057] Comparative Example 1 showed a spawning rate of 31.6%, a fertilization rate of 43%, a hatching rate of 68%, and yielded 1.04 × 10⁻⁶ fish fry. 3 tail.
[0058] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention provides an artificial breeding method for variegated sculpins, which improves the spawning rate of variegated sculpins.
[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for the artificial breeding of variegated sculpins, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Harvesting of parent fish: female and male fish aged 2-3 winters with gonads developed to stage IV are harvested in March and April and placed in temporary holding ponds for temporary holding; (2) Broodstock rearing: After the broodstock are placed in the temporary holding pond, they are allowed to recover for 1 to 2 days before being fed. The amount of feed should be 3 to 5% of the broodstock's body weight. (3) Artificial spawning: Female fish were injected with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone A 23~5μg / kg. 23~25h later, female fish were injected with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone A 29~11μg / kg. 23~25h later, female fish were injected with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone A 220μg / kg + human chorionic gonadotropin 1900~2100IU / kg. Male fish were injected with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone A 29~11μg / kg + human chorionic gonadotropin 900~1100IU / kg at the same time as the female fish were injected for the third time. After all the parent fish have been injected, the female and male parent fish are mixed together and placed in the spawning tank, maintaining a water temperature of 18-20℃. (4) Hatching of fertilized eggs: After 47-49 hours, collect the fertilized eggs and put them into the hatching basket for hatching. The water temperature during hatching is 10-15℃ and the dissolved oxygen is 5-10 mg / L. Cover the hatching basket with a shade net to block the light. After 160-170 hours, the eggs hatch and the fry are obtained.
2. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), female fish are selected with a weight of ≥5g, a full and soft abdomen, a clear outline of the ovary and a slightly red genital opening, and a transparent abdomen so that eggs can be observed in the ovary; male fish are selected with a weight of ≥10g and a brightly colored dorsal fin.
3. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of female to male parents in the spawning pond is 2-3:
1.
4. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The density of parent fish in the holding tank is 20-40 fish / m². 2 The water depth should be 30-50cm, and the water temperature should be controlled at 10-15℃.
5. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stocking density in the spawning pond is 10-30 fish / m². 2 Fish egg density reaches 800 eggs / m² 2 We will replace the fish nest later.
6. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before artificial spawning, the spawning pond is arranged as follows: a cover is set up at the bottom of the pond and on the surrounding walls, and fish nests are laid around the walls of the spawning pond. The fish nests are built with pebbles and tiles, and the lower surface of the tiles is covered with netting.
7. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the temporary holding cement pool is square, with an area of 9 m². 2 .
8. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the spawning pond is square, with a side length of 3m. Two fish nests are set on each side of the pond wall, and one fish nest is set in the middle of the pond.
9. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The density of fertilized eggs in the incubation basket is 0.8~1.2×10⁻⁶. 5 Particles / m 3 .
10. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hatching basket has a 60-mesh aperture.