Self-adaptive marine unmanned aerial vehicle for marine environment detection and sampling

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of marine environment detection, and provides a self-adaptive marine environment detection sampling marine unmanned aerial vehicle, which comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle body is fixedly connected with a mounting plate, the bottom of the mounting plate is fixedly connected with a protective sleeve seat, the inner side of the protective sleeve seat is provided with a sampling mechanism, and the sampling mechanism comprises a mounting box. A partition plate is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner side of the mounting box, a winding roller is arranged below the partition plate, a water guide hose is wound on the winding roller and slidably connected with the bottom wall of the mounting box, a sampling cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the water guide hose, a rotating disc is rotatably connected to the top of the partition plate, and a plurality of collecting pieces are arranged on the outer edge of the rotating disc. A second driving part is arranged at the bottom of the partition plate; a water pumping part is arranged at the top end of the water guide hose. The water guide hose and the sampling barrel at the bottom are wound and released through the winding roller, the sinking depth of the sampling barrel can be accurately controlled in combination with the self-locking characteristic of the worm and gear, and the problem that a traditional unmanned aerial vehicle can only collect a surface water sample is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine environmental detection technology, and more specifically, to an adaptive marine unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for marine environmental detection and sampling. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing number and size of ships at sea, oil spills and pollution are becoming more and more serious. In addition, the discharge of nuclear wastewater is also causing more and more serious marine pollution. Traditional marine water quality sampling and testing is carried out by ship, which not only pollutes the environment but also wastes economic resources and labor. Using drones for rapid sampling and testing is a development trend, as they are not only small and flexible but also easier to move between locations. Although drones are gradually being used for ocean sampling due to their advantages such as high flexibility, ease of operation, and zero emissions, key technological shortcomings still exist: First, existing drones rely on passive water absorption through vacuum tubes for seawater sampling, which can only obtain surface water samples and cannot collect deep water samples. They also lack active diving mechanisms, thus limiting the sampling range. Second, existing UAVs can only collect samples from a single location in a single mission when performing seawater sampling tasks. Multiple flights are required to collect samples from multiple locations. This method is inefficient and increases costs. Therefore, this invention proposes an adaptive marine UAV for marine environmental detection and sampling.

[0003] Application content This invention proposes an adaptive marine unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for marine environmental detection and sampling, which solves the problem that existing technologies cannot collect data from deep water bodies.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: An adaptive marine unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for marine environmental detection and sampling includes an UAV body. A mounting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the UAV body, and a protective sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate. A sampling mechanism is disposed inside the protective sleeve. The sampling mechanism includes a mounting box fixedly connected to the inside of the protective sleeve. A partition is fixedly connected to the center of the inner side of the mounting box. A roller is disposed below the partition and rotatably connected to the inner side of the mounting box. A water-guiding hose is wound onto the roller, and the bottom end of the water-guiding hose penetrates the bottom of the mounting box. The partition wall extends to the bottom of the mounting box. The water guiding hose is slidably connected to the bottom wall of the mounting box. A sampling cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the water guiding hose. A first driving component for driving the roller to rotate is provided at one end of the bottom of the partition. A turntable is rotatably connected to the top of the partition. Several collection components for collecting seawater samples are arranged at equal angles around the turntable along the outer edge of the turntable. A second driving component for driving the turntable to rotate is provided at the bottom of the partition. A pumping component for guiding seawater into the collection components is provided at the top end of the water guiding hose.

[0005] Preferably, the first driving component includes a motor fixedly installed at the bottom of the partition, the output shaft of the motor being fixedly connected to a worm gear, and one end of the roller being coaxially fixedly connected to a worm wheel that meshes with the worm gear.

[0006] Preferably, the pumping component includes a cylinder fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the mounting box, a miniature water pump fixedly installed at the output end of the cylinder, the inlet end of the miniature water pump being connected to the top end of the water guiding hose, and a water delivery pipe fixedly connected to the outlet end of the miniature water pump.

[0007] Preferably, the collecting component includes a collecting tube snapped onto the outer edge of the turntable, the top of the collecting tube being threadedly connected to a top cover, and the center of the top cover having an insertion hole that slides with the water supply pipe.

[0008] Preferably, both ends of the top cover are slidably connected to sliding rods that penetrate the top cover, the bottom ends of the two sliding rods are fixedly connected to sealing plates, the sealing plates are slidably connected to the inner wall of the collecting pipe, the top ends of the two sliding rods are fixedly connected to limit blocks, the outer sides of the two sliding rods are fitted with springs, the top ends of the two springs abut against the corresponding limit blocks, and the bottom ends of the two springs abut against the top cover.

[0009] Preferably, the diameter of the sealing plate is larger than the diameter of the insertion hole, and the spring-loaded spring is in the initial state, with the sealing plate abutting against the top wall of the collecting tube.

[0010] Preferably, the second driving component includes a rotating seat fixedly connected to the turntable on the same axis. The outer edge of the rotating seat is provided with a plurality of docking grooves distributed at equal angles around the rotating seat. A second motor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the partition plate. The output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to a wheel tangent to the rotating seat. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the wheel. A driving block is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting plate. The driving block slides in cooperation with any one of the docking grooves by cooperating with the rotation of the wheel.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the sampling tube is provided with a plurality of filter holes, which are evenly distributed on the bottom wall of the sampling tube.

[0012] Preferably, the top of the mounting plate is provided with a balancing mechanism, which includes an annular airbag fixedly connected to the inner side of the protective sleeve. The annular airbag is sleeved on the outer side of the mounting box. A vacuum pump is fixedly installed on the top wall of the mounting plate. The outlet end of the vacuum pump is fixedly connected to an annular diverter pipe through a conduit. The annular diverter pipe is fixedly connected to the top wall of the mounting plate. A plurality of air supply pipes distributed at equal angles around the annular diverter pipe are fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular diverter pipe. The outlet ends of the plurality of air supply pipes are all connected to the inside of the annular airbag.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of springs II are fixedly connected to the top wall of the inner side of the annular airbag, which are distributed at equal angles around the annular airbag, and the bottom ends of the plurality of springs II are fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the inner side of the annular airbag.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this application are: 1. By using a roller to retract and extend the water guide hose and the sampling cylinder at the bottom, combined with the self-locking characteristics of the worm gear, the sinking depth of the sampling cylinder (such as deep water bodies) can be precisely controlled, solving the problem that traditional drones can only collect surface water samples.

[0015] 2. The turntable is equipped with multiple collection components. Through the cooperation of the drive block of the second drive component and the docking groove, the turntable can automatically rotate and switch collection tubes. Multiple seawater samples from different locations or depths can be collected in a single flight, significantly improving sampling efficiency.

[0016] 3. The collection device uses a spring-loaded sealing plate that automatically seals the insertion hole after the water delivery pipe is withdrawn, preventing water sample leakage during flight and ensuring sample integrity.

[0017] 4. The bottom of the sampling tube is equipped with filter holes to filter impurities and prevent clogging of the micro water pump and pipeline; the ring-shaped airbag of the balancing mechanism increases the force-bearing area of ​​the UAV's bottom surface after inflation, and combined with the spring double buffer, it improves the stability of hovering on the sea surface. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adaptive marine environmental detection and sampling unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) according to the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adaptive marine environmental detection and sampling unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) according to the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first driving component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collection component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second driving component of the present invention; Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the sampling tube of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the balancing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the annular airbag of the present invention.

[0020] The components include: 1. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) body; 2. Mounting plate; 3. Balancing mechanism; 31. Annular airbag; 32. Annular diverter pipe; 33. Air supply pipe; 34. Vacuum pump; 35. Spring II; 4. Protective sleeve; 5. Sampling mechanism; 51. Mounting box; 52. Partition plate; 53. Roller; 54. Water guide hose; 55. Sampling cylinder; 551. Filter hole; 56. First driving component; 561. Motor I; 562. Worm gear; 563. Worm wheel. 57. Turntable; 58. Collector; 581. Collector pipe; 582. Top cover; 583. Insertion hole; 584. Slide rod; 585. Sealing plate; 586. Limiting block; 587. Spring 1; 59. Second driving component; 591. Rotating seat; 592. Docking groove; 593. Motor 2; 594. Rotating wheel; 595. Connecting plate; 596. Driving block; 501. Miniature water pump; 502. Cylinder; 503. Water delivery pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] like Figures 1-10As shown, this embodiment proposes an adaptive marine unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for marine environmental detection and sampling, including a UAV body 1. A mounting plate 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the UAV body 1, and a protective sleeve 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate 2. A sampling mechanism 5 is disposed inside the protective sleeve 4. The sampling mechanism 5 includes a mounting box 51 fixedly connected to the inside of the protective sleeve 4. A partition 52 is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner side of the mounting box 51. A roller 53 is disposed below the partition 52 and rotatably connected to the inner side of the mounting box 51. A water-guiding hose 54 is wound onto the roller 53, and the bottom end of the water-guiding hose 54 penetrates the bottom of the mounting box 51. The partition 52 extends to the bottom of the mounting box 51. The water guide hose 54 is slidably connected to the bottom wall of the mounting box 51. The bottom end of the water guide hose 54 is fixedly connected to the sampling tube 55. One end of the bottom of the partition 52 is provided with a first driving member 56 for driving the roller 53 to rotate. The top of the partition 52 is rotatably connected to the turntable 57. The outer edge of the turntable 57 is provided with a number of collection members 58 that are distributed at equal angles around the turntable 57 and are used to collect seawater samples. The bottom of the partition 52 is provided with a second driving member 59 for driving the turntable 57 to rotate. The top end of the water guide hose 54 is provided with a pumping member for guiding seawater into the collection member 58.

[0023] The space occupied by the water-conducting hose 54 can be greatly reduced by winding the water-conducting hose 54 with the roller 53. By controlling the first driving component 56 to drive the roller 53 to rotate, the roller 53 can release or rewind the water-conducting hose 54. When the water-conducting hose 54 is released, the sampling tube 55 will sink into the seawater under the action of gravity. At the same time, by adjusting the release length of the water-conducting hose 54, the sampling tube 55 can sink into the seawater at different depths. With the help of the pumping component, the seawater is guided into the collection component 58 for seawater collection. The whole process is simple to operate and can realize the collection of seawater at different depths.

[0024] Furthermore, the first driving component 56 includes a motor 561 fixedly mounted on the bottom of the partition 52, the output shaft of the motor 561 is fixedly connected to a worm gear 562, and one end of the roller 53 is coaxially fixedly connected to a worm wheel 563 that meshes with the worm gear 562.

[0025] By starting the motor 561, the worm gear 562 is driven to rotate, which causes the worm wheel 563 to rotate, making the roller 53 rotate and extending or retracting the water guide hose 54. Adjusting the extension length of the water guide hose 54 allows the sampling tube 55 to sink into seawater at different depths. At the same time, the self-locking characteristic of the worm gear ensures that the sampling tube 55 remains stably in the corresponding position when collecting seawater, thereby improving the accuracy of sampling.

[0026] Furthermore, the pumping component includes a cylinder 502 fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the mounting box 51. A miniature water pump 501 is fixedly installed at the output end of the cylinder 502. The inlet end of the miniature water pump 501 is connected to the top end of the water guide hose 54. A water delivery pipe 503 is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the miniature water pump 501. Several leakage holes are provided at equal angles around the bottom of the outer side of the water delivery pipe 503 (see attached diagram). Figure 4 (The text is incomplete and contains some errors. A more accurate translation would require the full context.) By controlling the cylinder 502 to move the micro water pump 501 downward, the water delivery pipe 503 is inserted into the collection device 58. Then, the micro water pump 501 is started to make the water guide hose 54 put the inside of the sampling tube 55 into a negative pressure state, so that the sampling tube 55 guides the seawater in the area into the water guide hose 54. Then, the seawater sample is introduced into the collection device 58 for storage through the water delivery pipe 503, thereby completing the seawater collection work.

[0027] Furthermore, the collecting component 58 includes a collecting tube 581 snapped onto the outer edge of the turntable 57. A top cover 582 is threaded onto the top of the collecting tube 581. An insertion hole 583 is provided at the center of the top cover 582, which slides through the water supply pipe 503. Sliding rods 584 are slidably connected to both ends of the top cover 582. Sealing plates 585 are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the two sliding rods 584. The sealing plates 585 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the collecting tube 581. Limiting blocks 586 are fixedly connected to the top ends of the two sliding rods 584. Springs 587 are sleeved on the outer sides of the two sliding rods 584. The top ends of the two springs 587 abut against the corresponding limiting blocks 586, and the bottom ends of the two springs 587 abut against the top cover 582. The diameter of the sealing plate 585 is larger than the diameter of the insertion hole 583. In the initial state, the sealing plate 585 abuts against the top wall of the collecting tube 581.

[0028] By controlling the cylinder 502, the micro water pump 501 moves downward, causing the water delivery pipe 503 to be inserted into the socket 583. The water delivery pipe 503 then comes into contact with the sealing plate 585 and moves downward, causing the sealing plate 585 to disengage from the socket 583. This allows the water delivery pipe 503 to be fully inserted into the collection tube 581. At this time, the spring 587 is compressed and accumulates potential energy. The micro water pump 501 is then activated, causing the water guide hose 54 to put the inside of the sampling tube 55 under negative pressure. This allows the sampling tube 55 to guide seawater from the area into the water guide hose 54. Then, the seawater sample is guided into the collection tube 581 for storage through the leakage hole of the water delivery pipe 503. Then, control cylinder 502 to move micro water pump 501 upward, so that water pipe 503 is completely separated from sealing plate 585. At this time, spring 587 releases potential energy, so that sealing plate 585 abuts against socket 583 and achieves sealing. This can prevent the problem of seawater overflowing from collection pipe 581 during the flight of UAV body 1.

[0029] Furthermore, the second driving component 59 includes a rotating seat 591 coaxially and fixedly connected to the turntable 57. The outer edge of the rotating seat 591 is provided with a plurality of docking grooves 592 distributed at equal angles around the rotating seat 591. A second motor 593 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the partition plate 52. The output shaft of the second motor 593 is fixedly connected to a rotating wheel 594 tangent to the rotating seat 591. A connecting plate 595 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating wheel 594. A driving block 596 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting plate 595. The driving block 596 slides in cooperation with any one of the docking grooves 592 by cooperating with the rotation of the rotating wheel 594.

[0030] By starting the motor 593, the rotating wheel 594 is driven to rotate, which causes the connecting plate 595 to drive the drive block 596 to rotate circumferentially. When the drive block 596 slides into one of the docking slots 592, the rotating seat 591 rotates under the action of the drive block 596, causing the turntable 57 to rotate synchronously at a certain angle and switch another collection tube 581 to the bottom of the water delivery pipe 503. This allows for switching between multiple collection tubes 581 to store seawater samples from different areas, enabling the collection of different samples during a single operation of the UAV, greatly improving sampling efficiency.

[0031] Furthermore, the bottom of the sampling tube 55 is provided with several filter holes 551, which are evenly distributed on the bottom wall of the sampling tube 55. The filter holes 551 can filter out impurities in the seawater, effectively preventing impurities from entering the micro water pump 501 and causing damage to it.

[0032] Furthermore, a balancing mechanism 3 is provided on the top of the mounting plate 2. The balancing mechanism 3 includes an annular airbag 31 fixedly connected to the inner side of the protective sleeve 4. The annular airbag 31 is sleeved on the outer side of the mounting box 51. A vacuum pump 34 is fixedly installed on the top wall of the mounting plate 2. An annular diverter pipe 32 is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the vacuum pump 34 through a conduit. The annular diverter pipe 32 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the mounting plate 2. Several air supply pipes 33 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular diverter pipe 32 at equal angles. The outlet ends of the several air supply pipes 33 are all connected to the inside of the annular airbag 31. Several springs 35 are fixedly connected to the top wall of the inner side of the annular airbag 31 at equal angles. The bottom ends of the several springs 35 are all fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the inner side of the annular airbag 31.

[0033] When the UAV 1 flies to the sea surface, the vacuum pump 34 is activated to introduce gas into the annular diverter 32, so that the air delivery pipe 33 evenly disperses the air into the annular airbag 31, causing the annular airbag 31 to expand and increase the airflow bearing area, so that the UAV 1 can maintain balance and make the sampling work more stable.

[0034] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive marine unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for marine environmental detection and sampling, comprising an UAV body (1), wherein a mounting plate (2) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the UAV body (1), characterized in that, A protective sleeve (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate (2). A sampling mechanism (5) is provided on the inner side of the protective sleeve (4). The sampling mechanism (5) includes a mounting box (51) fixedly connected to the inner side of the protective sleeve (4). A partition (52) is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner side of the mounting box (51). A roller (53) is provided below the partition (52). The roller (53) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the mounting box (51). A water guide hose (54) is wound on the roller (53). The bottom end of the water guide hose (54) penetrates the bottom wall of the mounting box (51) and extends to the bottom of the mounting box (51). The water guide hose (54) and The bottom wall of the mounting box (51) is slidably connected, and the bottom end of the water guiding hose (54) is fixedly connected to the sampling tube (55). One end of the bottom of the partition (52) is provided with a first driving member (56) for driving the roller (53) to rotate. The top of the partition (52) is rotatably connected to the turntable (57). The outer edge of the turntable (57) is provided with several collection members (58) that are distributed at equal angles around the turntable (57) and are used to collect seawater samples. The bottom of the partition (52) is provided with a second driving member (59) for driving the turntable (57) to rotate. The top end of the water guiding hose (54) is provided with a pumping member for introducing seawater into the collection member (58).

2. The marine unmanned aerial vehicle for adaptive marine environment detection and sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first driving component (56) includes a motor (561) fixedly installed at the bottom of the partition (52), the output shaft of the motor (561) is fixedly connected to a worm (562), and one end of the roller (53) is coaxially fixedly connected to a worm wheel (563) that meshes with the worm (562).

3. The marine unmanned aerial vehicle for adaptive marine environment detection and sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pumping component includes a cylinder (502) fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the mounting box (51). A micro water pump (501) is fixedly installed at the output end of the cylinder (502). The inlet end of the micro water pump (501) is connected to the top end of the water guide hose (54). The outlet end of the micro water pump (501) is fixedly connected to a water delivery pipe (503).

4. The marine unmanned aerial vehicle for adaptive marine environment detection and sampling according to claim 3, characterized in that, The collecting component (58) includes a collecting tube (581) that is snapped onto the outer edge of the turntable (57). The top of the collecting tube (581) is threadedly connected to a top cover (582). The top cover (582) has an insertion hole (583) at its center that slides with the water supply pipe (503).

5. The marine unmanned aerial vehicle for adaptive marine environment detection and sampling according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both ends of the top cover (582) are slidably connected to slide rods (584) that pass through the top cover (582). The bottom ends of the two slide rods (584) are fixedly connected to sealing plates (585). The sealing plates (585) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the collection pipe (581). The top ends of the two slide rods (584) are fixedly connected to limit blocks (586). The outer sides of the two slide rods (584) are fitted with springs (587). The top ends of the two springs (587) abut against the corresponding limit blocks (586). The bottom ends of the two springs (587) abut against the top cover (582).

6. The marine unmanned aerial vehicle for adaptive marine environment detection and sampling according to claim 5, characterized in that, The diameter of the sealing plate (585) is larger than the diameter of the insertion hole (583), and the spring (587) abuts against the top wall of the collecting tube (581) in the initial state.

7. The marine unmanned aerial vehicle for adaptive marine environment detection and sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second driving component (59) includes a rotating seat (591) coaxially fixedly connected to the turntable (57). The outer edge of the rotating seat (591) is provided with a plurality of docking grooves (592) distributed at equal angles around the rotating seat (591). The bottom of the partition plate (52) is fixedly installed with a second motor (593). The output shaft of the second motor (593) is fixedly connected to a rotating wheel (594) tangent to the rotating seat (591). The bottom of the rotating wheel (594) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (595). One end of the connecting plate (595) is fixedly connected to a driving block (596). The driving block (596) slides in cooperation with any docking groove (592) by cooperating with the rotation of the rotating wheel (594).

8. The marine unmanned aerial vehicle for adaptive marine environment detection and sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the sampling tube (55) is provided with a number of filter holes (551), and the number of filter holes (551) are evenly distributed on the bottom wall of the sampling tube (55).

9. The marine unmanned aerial vehicle for adaptive marine environment detection and sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the mounting plate (2) is provided with a balancing mechanism (3). The balancing mechanism (3) includes an annular airbag (31) fixedly connected to the inner side of the protective sleeve (4). The annular airbag (31) is sleeved on the outer side of the mounting box (51). A vacuum pump (34) is fixedly installed on the top wall of the mounting plate (2). The outlet end of the vacuum pump (34) is fixedly connected to an annular diverter pipe (32) through a conduit. The annular diverter pipe (32) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the mounting plate (2). The bottom of the annular diverter pipe (32) is fixedly connected to several air supply pipes (33) distributed at equal angles around the annular diverter pipe (32). The outlet ends of the several air supply pipes (33) are all connected to the inside of the annular airbag (31).

10. A marine unmanned aerial vehicle for adaptive marine environment detection and sampling according to claim 9, characterized in that, The top wall inside the annular airbag (31) is fixedly connected to a plurality of springs (35) that are distributed at equal angles around the annular airbag (31), and the bottom ends of the plurality of springs (35) are fixedly connected to the bottom wall inside the annular airbag (31).

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