Cured feed for pig breeding and preparation method thereof
By precisely proportioning compound enzyme preparations and functional supplements and employing a multi-stage maturation process, the problems of enzyme activity loss and insufficient supplement stability have been solved, thereby improving feed utilization and animal growth performance, and optimizing gut health.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing cooked feed technologies suffer from enzyme activity loss and low efficiency, insufficient stability and targeting of functional supplements, and mismatch between cooking processes and additive characteristics, resulting in low feed utilization, restricted animal growth, and inadequate maintenance of intestinal health.
By employing precise proportions and preparation methods for compound enzyme preparations and functional supplements, combined with fluidized bed coating technology, we ensure that the enzyme preparations and supplements function efficiently in the animal intestines. This includes the combined use of cellulase, xylanase, neutral protease, phytase, and β-glucanase, as well as the puffing treatment and multi-stage maturation process of raw materials such as corn flour, soybean meal, wheat bran, and fish meal.
It improves feed digestibility and absorption rate and growth rate, optimizes gut microbiota structure, enhances pig growth performance and health, and achieves efficient nutrient digestion and gut health.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of animal feed technology, and more specifically, to a cooked feed for pig farming and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Pig farming is one of the pillar industries of agriculture. Feed, as a core component of farming costs, directly determines the economic benefits of pig farming through its nutritional value and utilization efficiency. To improve feed digestibility, promote animal growth, and ensure intestinal health, cooked feed technology has been widely used in the industry. Cooking treatment can destroy anti-nutritional factors in feed, gelatinize starch, and denature proteins, thereby improving nutrient digestibility.
[0003] In existing technologies, enzyme preparations and functional supplements are typically added to feed to further improve feed quality. Enzyme preparations can specifically break down large molecules in feed that are difficult for animals to digest, such as cellulose, xylan, and phytic acid phosphorus, thereby releasing more nutrients and reducing waste. Functional supplements can directly supplement nutrition or improve animal health by regulating the intestinal flora.
[0004] However, existing cooked feed technology still has many obvious defects and limitations, specifically in the following aspects: loss of enzyme activity and low efficiency; insufficient stability and targeting of functional supplements; and mismatch between the cooking process and the characteristics of the additives.
[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a new technical solution that can maximize the protection of the activity of enzyme preparations and functional supplements without affecting the maturation effect of basic raw materials, and ensure that they can play a precise and efficient role in the animal intestine, thereby systematically improving feed utilization, promoting animal growth and maintaining intestinal health. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cooked feed for pig farming and its preparation method.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: One of the technical solutions of this invention: A cooked feed for pig farming, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts corn flour, 20-30 parts soybean meal, 5-10 parts wheat bran, 1-5 parts fish meal, 0.2-0.6 parts compound enzyme preparation, and 5-10 parts supplements.
[0008] Furthermore, the preparation of the compound enzyme preparation includes the following steps: 1) Mix cellulase, xylanase, neutral protease, phytase and β-glucanase to obtain mixed enzyme powder; 2) With a concentration of 6-10 wt% for the mixed enzyme powder, place the mixed enzyme powder obtained in step 1) in water at 40-45℃, control the stirring speed at 120 r / min, and stir for 5-10 min to obtain the mixed enzyme dispersion. 3) Adjust the pH of the mixed enzyme dispersion obtained in step 2) to 6.5, first add 0.1 wt% of enzyme activator I, and activate at 40°C with stirring for 8-12 min, then add 0.05 wt% of enzyme activator II, and activate at 45°C with stirring for 4-6 min to obtain the compound enzyme preparation.
[0009] Furthermore, in step 1), the mass ratio of cellulase, xylanase, neutral protease, phytase and β-glucanase is (3-5):(2-4):(2-4):(1-3):(0.5-1.5).
[0010] Furthermore, in step 3), the enzyme activator I is a mixture of calcium chloride and manganese sulfate in a mass ratio of 3:1; the enzyme activator II is calcium chloride.
[0011] Furthermore, the preparation of the supplement includes the following steps: 1) Mix corn starch, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, vitamin C and amino acids, and pulverize to a particle size ≤50μm to obtain a nutritional supplement; 2) Add 20%wt of sterile water to the nutritional supplement obtained in step 1), mix well, and make particles with a particle size of 0.5-0.8mm. Dry at 50℃ until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain the core particles of the nutritional supplement. 3) Mix Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Candida utilis and Clostridium butyricum to obtain a compound microbial agent; 4) Mix the composite microbial agent and porous starch obtained in step 3) with a mass ratio of 1:2, add 20%wt of skim milk powder and 10%wt of sterile water, mix well, and make particles with a particle size of 0.5-0.8mm. Dry at 25℃ until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain the core particles of the composite microbial agent. 5) Mix the nutritional supplement core particles obtained in step 2) and the compound microbial agent core particles obtained in step 4) to obtain supplement particles; 6) Mix enteric acrylic resin, shellac, polyethylene glycol and talc, and dilute with sterile water to a solid content of 15% to obtain a coating solution; 7) Using fluidized bed coating technology, the supplement particles obtained in step 5) are fluidized bed coated with the coating solution obtained in step 6), and dried at 25°C until the water content is ≤8% to obtain the supplement.
[0012] Furthermore, in step 1), the mass ratio of corn starch, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, vitamin C and amino acids is 50:(15-25):(12-18):(2-4):(11-13).
[0013] Furthermore, in step 3), the mass ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Candida utilis and Clostridium butyricum is (0.5-1.5):(0.5-1.5):(2-4):(1-3):(0.1-1).
[0014] Furthermore, in step 5), the mass ratio of the composite microbial agent to the porous starch is 1:2.
[0015] Furthermore, in step 6), the mass ratio of the enteric acrylic resin, shellac, polyethylene glycol, and talc is 40:20:15:2.
[0016] Furthermore, in step 7), the fluidized bed coating parameters are: inlet air temperature 30-35℃, atomization pressure 0.15-0.2MPa, coating liquid flow rate 3-5mL / min, and particle weight gain 5-8%.
[0017] The second technical solution of this invention: The above-mentioned method for preparing cooked feed for pig farming includes the following steps: 1) Mix corn flour and soybean meal, puff them at 115℃ and 0.4MPa for 30s, and then mix them with wheat bran and fish meal to obtain a mixed base material; 2) Add 60% of the total amount of compound enzyme preparation to the mixed base material obtained in step 2), and mature it to obtain a one-time matured base material; 3) Add 40% of the total amount of compound enzyme preparation to the primary curing base material obtained in step 2), and adjust the pH to 6.5 using sodium bicarbonate, and cure to obtain the secondary curing base material; 4) Add the supplement to the secondary maturation base obtained in step 3), mix, and obtain the maturation feed.
[0018] Further, in step 2), the maturation specifically involves controlling the material temperature to 45–50°C and the moisture content to 30–35%, and maturing for 2–4 hours.
[0019] Further, in step 3), the ripening process specifically involves controlling the temperature to be 55–60°C and the moisture content to be 20–30%, and ripening for 1–3 hours.
[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention provides a cooked feed for pig farming with an average daily weight gain of 1015g / day, an average daily feed intake of 2480g / day, and a feed conversion ratio of 2.44, exhibiting good growth rate and feed conversion efficiency. The present invention provides a cooked feed for pig farming with an apparent digestibility of crude protein of up to 88.5% and an apparent digestibility of energy of up to 90.1%, exhibiting good nutrient digestibility and absorption. The present invention provides a cooked feed for pig farming with a lactic acid bacteria count of up to 8.5 × 10⁻⁶. 6 CFU / g, Escherichia coli count can reach 0.8×10⁻⁶. 6 CFU / g can significantly optimize the gut microbiota structure. Detailed Implementation
[0021] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention.
[0022] Furthermore, regarding the numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included within this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.
[0023] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.
[0024] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be obvious to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.
[0025] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.
[0026] In the following examples, all raw materials used were commercially available, as detailed in Table 1. Table 1 Raw Materials and Specifications
[0027] The following embodiments illustrate a method for preparing cooked feed for pig farming, comprising the following steps: 1. Preparation of compound enzyme preparations 1) The cellulase, xylanase, neutral protease, phytase and β-glucanase are mixed in a mass ratio of (3-5):(2-4):(2-4):(1-3):(0.5-1.5) to obtain a mixed enzyme powder. 2) With a concentration of 6-10 wt% for the mixed enzyme powder, place the mixed enzyme powder obtained in step 1) in water at 40-45℃, control the stirring speed at 120 r / min, and stir for 5-10 min to obtain the mixed enzyme dispersion. 3) Adjust the pH of the mixed enzyme dispersion obtained in step 2) to 6.5, first add 0.1 wt% of enzyme activator I (made by mixing calcium chloride and manganese sulfate in a mass ratio of 3:1), and activate at 40°C with stirring for 8-12 min. Then add 0.05 wt% of enzyme activator II (calcium chloride), and activate at 45°C with stirring for 4-6 min to obtain the composite enzyme preparation. 2. Preparation of supplements 1) The corn starch, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, vitamin C and amino acids are mixed in a mass ratio of 50:(15-25):(12-18):(2-4):(11-13) and pulverized to a particle size ≤50μm to obtain a nutritional supplement. 2) Add 20%wt of sterile water to the nutritional supplement obtained in step 1), mix well, and make particles with a particle size of 0.5-0.8mm. Dry at 50℃ until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain the core particles of the nutritional supplement. 3) According to the mass ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Candida utilis, and Clostridium butyricum, which is (0.5-1.5):(0.5-1.5):(2-4):(1-3):(0.1-1), Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Candida utilis, and Clostridium butyricum are mixed to obtain a compound microbial agent; 4) Mix the composite microbial agent and porous starch obtained in step 3) with a mass ratio of 1:2, add 20%wt of skim milk powder and 10%wt of sterile water, mix well, and make particles with a particle size of 0.5-0.8mm. Dry at 25℃ until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain the core particles of the composite microbial agent. 5) Mix the nutritional supplement core particles obtained in step 2) and the compound microbial agent core particles obtained in step 4) according to a mass ratio of (1-3):1 to obtain supplement particles. 6) Mix enteric acrylic resin, shellac, polyethylene glycol and talc in a mass ratio of 40:20:15:2 and dilute with sterile water to a solid content of 15% to obtain a coating solution. 7) Using fluidized bed coating technology, the supplement particles obtained in step 5) are fluidized bed coated with the coating solution obtained in step 6), and dried at 25°C until the water content is ≤8% to obtain the supplement; The fluidized bed coating parameters are as follows: inlet air temperature 30–35℃, atomization pressure 0.15–0.2 MPa, coating liquid flow rate 3–5 mL / min, and particle weight gain 5–8%. 3. Preparation of cooked feed 1) Weigh the following parts of raw materials by weight: 50-60 parts corn flour, 20-30 parts soybean meal, 5-10 parts wheat bran, 1-5 parts fish meal, 0.2-0.6 parts compound enzyme preparation, and 5-10 parts supplements; 2) Mix the corn flour and soybean meal weighed in step 1), puff them at 115℃ and 0.4MPa for 30s, and then mix them with the bran and fish meal weighed in step 1) to obtain the mixed base material; 3) Add 60% of the total amount of the compound enzyme preparation weighed in step 1) to the mixed base material obtained in step 2), control the material temperature at 45-50℃ and the moisture content at 30-35%, and mature for 2-4 hours to obtain a primary matured base material; 4) Add 40% of the total amount of the compound enzyme preparation weighed in step 1) to the primary maturation base material obtained in step 3), and adjust the pH to 6.5 using sodium bicarbonate. Then control the temperature at 55-60℃ and the water content at 20-30% and maturate for 1-3 hours to obtain the secondary maturation base material. 5) Add the supplement weighed in step 1) to the secondary maturation base obtained in step 4), mix, and obtain the maturation feed.
[0028] Example 1 A cooked feed for pig farming 1. Preparation of compound enzyme preparations 1) The cellulase, xylanase, neutral protease, phytase and β-glucanase are mixed in a mass ratio of 4:3:3:2:1 to obtain a mixed enzyme powder. 2) With a mixed enzyme powder concentration of 8wt%, place the mixed enzyme powder obtained in step 1) in water at 45℃, control the stirring speed at 120r / min, and stir for 8min to obtain a mixed enzyme dispersion. 3) Adjust the pH of the mixed enzyme dispersion obtained in step 2) to 6.5, first add 0.1 wt% of enzyme activator I (made by mixing calcium chloride and manganese sulfate in a mass ratio of 3:1), and activate at 40°C with stirring for 10 min. Then add 0.05 wt% of enzyme activator II (calcium chloride), and activate at 45°C with stirring for 5 min to obtain the composite enzyme preparation. 2. Preparation of supplements 1) The corn starch, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, vitamin C and amino acids are mixed in a mass ratio of 50:20:15:3:12 and then pulverized to a particle size ≤50μm to obtain a nutritional supplement. 2) Add 20%wt of sterile water to the nutritional supplement obtained in step 1), mix well, and make particles with a particle size of 0.5-0.8mm. Dry at 50℃ until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain the core particles of the nutritional supplement. 3) According to the mass ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Candida utilis and Clostridium butyricum, they were mixed in a ratio of 1:1:3:2:0.5 to obtain a compound microbial agent; 4) Mix the composite microbial agent and porous starch obtained in step 3) with a mass ratio of 1:2, add 20%wt of skim milk powder and 10%wt of sterile water, mix well, and make particles with a particle size of 0.5-0.8mm. Dry at 25℃ until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain the core particles of the composite microbial agent. 5) Mix the nutritional supplement core particles obtained in step 2) and the compound microbial agent core particles obtained in step 4) according to a mass ratio of 2:1 to obtain supplement particles. 6) Mix enteric acrylic resin, shellac, polyethylene glycol and talc in a mass ratio of 40:20:15:2 and dilute with sterile water to a solid content of 15% to obtain a coating solution. 7) Using fluidized bed coating technology, the supplement particles obtained in step 5) are fluidized bed coated with the coating solution obtained in step 6), and dried at 25°C until the water content is ≤8% to obtain the supplement; The fluidized bed coating parameters were: inlet air temperature 35℃, atomization pressure 0.2MPa, coating liquid flow rate 4mL / min, and particle weight gain 6%. 3. Preparation of cooked feed 1) Weigh the following parts of raw materials by weight: 55 parts corn flour, 25 parts soybean meal, 8 parts wheat bran, 4 parts fish meal, 0.5 parts compound enzyme preparation, and 6 parts supplements; 2) Mix the corn flour and soybean meal weighed in step 1), puff them at 115℃ and 0.4MPa for 30s, and then mix them with the bran and fish meal weighed in step 1) to obtain the mixed base material; 3) Add 60% of the total amount of the compound enzyme preparation weighed in step 1) to the mixed base material obtained in step 2), control the material temperature at 45℃ and the moisture content at 30%, and mature for 3 hours to obtain a primary matured base material; 4) Add 40% of the total amount of the compound enzyme preparation weighed in step 1) to the primary maturation base material obtained in step 3), and adjust the pH to 6.5 using sodium bicarbonate. Then control the temperature at 55℃ and the water content at 20% and maturate for 2 hours to obtain the secondary maturation base material. 5) Add the supplement weighed in step 1) to the secondary maturation base obtained in step 4), mix, and obtain the maturation feed.
[0029] Example 2 A cooked feed for pig farming 1. Preparation of compound enzyme preparations 1) The cellulase, xylanase, neutral protease, phytase and β-glucanase are mixed in a mass ratio of 3:2:2:1:0.5 to obtain a mixed enzyme powder. 2) With a concentration of 6wt% for the mixed enzyme powder, place the mixed enzyme powder obtained in step 1) in water at 40℃, control the stirring speed at 120r / min, and stir for 5min to obtain the mixed enzyme dispersion. 3) Adjust the pH of the mixed enzyme dispersion obtained in step 2) to 6.5, first add 0.1 wt% of enzyme activator I (made by mixing calcium chloride and manganese sulfate in a mass ratio of 3:1), and activate at 40°C with stirring for 8 min. Then add 0.05 wt% of enzyme activator II (calcium chloride), and activate at 45°C with stirring for 4 min to obtain the composite enzyme preparation. 2. Preparation of supplements 1) The corn starch, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, vitamin C and amino acids are mixed in a mass ratio of 50:15:12:2:11 and then pulverized to a particle size ≤50μm to obtain a nutritional supplement. 2) Add 20%wt of sterile water to the nutritional supplement obtained in step 1), mix well, and make particles with a particle size of 0.5-0.8mm. Dry at 50℃ until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain the core particles of the nutritional supplement. 3) According to the mass ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Candida utilis and Clostridium butyricum, 0.5∶0.5∶2∶1∶0.1, Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Candida utilis and Clostridium butyricum are mixed to obtain a compound microbial agent; 4) Mix the composite microbial agent and porous starch obtained in step 3) with a mass ratio of 1:2, add 20%wt of skim milk powder and 10%wt of sterile water, mix well, and make particles with a particle size of 0.5-0.8mm. Dry at 25℃ until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain the core particles of the composite microbial agent. 5) Mix the nutritional supplement core particles obtained in step 2) and the compound microbial agent core particles obtained in step 4) at a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain supplement particles. 6) Mix enteric acrylic resin, shellac, polyethylene glycol and talc in a mass ratio of 40:20:15:2 and dilute with sterile water to a solid content of 15% to obtain a coating solution. 7) Using fluidized bed coating technology, the supplement particles obtained in step 5) are fluidized bed coated with the coating solution obtained in step 6), and dried at 25°C until the water content is ≤8% to obtain the supplement; The fluidized bed coating parameters were: inlet air temperature 30℃, atomization pressure 0.15MPa, coating liquid flow rate 3mL / min, and particle weight gain 5%. 3. Preparation of cooked feed 1) Weigh the following parts of raw materials by weight: 50 parts corn flour, 20 parts soybean meal, 5 parts wheat bran, 1 part fish meal, 0.2 parts compound enzyme preparation, and 5 parts supplement; 2) Mix the corn flour and soybean meal weighed in step 1), puff them at 115℃ and 0.4MPa for 30s, and then mix them with the bran and fish meal weighed in step 1) to obtain the mixed base material; 3) Add 60% of the total amount of the compound enzyme preparation weighed in step 1) to the mixed base material obtained in step 2), control the material temperature at 45℃ and the moisture content at 30%, and mature for 2 hours to obtain a primary matured base material; 4) Add 40% of the total amount of the compound enzyme preparation weighed in step 1) to the primary maturation base material obtained in step 3), and adjust the pH to 6.5 using sodium bicarbonate. Then control the temperature at 55℃ and the water content at 20% and maturate for 1 hour to obtain the secondary maturation base material. 5) Add the supplement weighed in step 1) to the secondary maturation base obtained in step 4), mix, and obtain the maturation feed.
[0030] Example 3 A cooked feed for pig farming 1. Preparation of compound enzyme preparations 1) The cellulase, xylanase, neutral protease, phytase and β-glucanase are mixed in a mass ratio of 5:4:4:3:1.5 to obtain a mixed enzyme powder. 2) With a mixed enzyme powder concentration of 10wt%, place the mixed enzyme powder obtained in step 1) in water at 45℃, control the stirring speed at 120r / min, and stir for 10min to obtain a mixed enzyme dispersion. 3) Adjust the pH of the mixed enzyme dispersion obtained in step 2) to 6.5, first add 0.1 wt% of enzyme activator I (made by mixing calcium chloride and manganese sulfate in a mass ratio of 3:1), and activate at 40°C with stirring for 12 min. Then add 0.05 wt% of enzyme activator II (calcium chloride), and activate at 45°C with stirring for 6 min to obtain the composite enzyme preparation. 2. Preparation of supplements 1) The corn starch, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, vitamin C and amino acids are mixed in a mass ratio of 50:25:18:4:13 and then pulverized to a particle size ≤50μm to obtain a nutritional supplement. 2) Add 20%wt of sterile water to the nutritional supplement obtained in step 1), mix well, and make particles with a particle size of 0.5-0.8mm. Dry at 50℃ until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain the core particles of the nutritional supplement. 3) According to the mass ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Candida utilis and Clostridium butyricum, they were mixed in a ratio of 1.5:1.5:4:3:1 to obtain a compound microbial agent; 4) Mix the composite microbial agent and porous starch obtained in step 3) with a mass ratio of 1:2, add 20%wt of skim milk powder and 10%wt of sterile water, mix well, and make particles with a particle size of 0.5-0.8mm. Dry at 25℃ until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain the core particles of the composite microbial agent. 5) Mix the nutritional supplement core particles obtained in step 2) and the compound microbial agent core particles obtained in step 4) according to a mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain supplement particles. 6) Mix enteric acrylic resin, shellac, polyethylene glycol and talc in a mass ratio of 40:20:15:2 and dilute with sterile water to a solid content of 15% to obtain a coating solution. 7) Using fluidized bed coating technology, the supplement particles obtained in step 5) are fluidized bed coated with the coating solution obtained in step 6), and dried at 25°C until the water content is ≤8% to obtain the supplement; The fluidized bed coating parameters were: inlet air temperature 35℃, atomization pressure 0.2MPa, coating liquid flow rate 5mL / min, and particle weight gain 8%. 3. Preparation of cooked feed 1) Weigh the following parts of raw materials by weight: 60 parts corn flour, 30 parts soybean meal, 10 parts wheat bran, 5 parts fish meal, 0.6 parts compound enzyme preparation, and 10 parts supplement; 2) Mix the corn flour and soybean meal weighed in step 1), puff them at 115℃ and 0.4MPa for 30s, and then mix them with the bran and fish meal weighed in step 1) to obtain the mixed base material; 3) Add 60% of the total amount of the compound enzyme preparation weighed in step 1) to the mixed base material obtained in step 2), control the material temperature at 50℃ and the moisture content at 35%, and mature for 4 hours to obtain a primary matured base material; 4) Add 40% of the total amount of the compound enzyme preparation weighed in step 1) to the primary maturation base material obtained in step 3), and adjust the pH to 6.5 using sodium bicarbonate. Then control the temperature at 60℃ and the water content at 30% and maturate for 3 hours to obtain the secondary maturation base material. 5) Add the supplement weighed in step 1) to the secondary maturation base obtained in step 4), mix, and obtain the maturation feed.
[0031] Comparative Example 1 A cooked feed for pig farming Same as Example 1, except that in the preparation of the compound enzyme preparation in step 1, step 1) is: The cellulase, xylanase, neutral protease, phytase, and β-glucanase were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1 to obtain a mixed enzyme powder.
[0032] Comparative Example 2 A cooked feed for pig farming Same as Example 1, except that in step 1, the preparation of the compound enzyme preparation, step 3) is: Adjust the pH of the mixed enzyme dispersion obtained in step 2) to 6.5, first add 0.1 wt% of enzyme activator I (made of calcium chloride and manganese sulfate in a mass ratio of 3:1), and activate at 40°C with stirring for 10 min. Then add 0.05 wt% of enzyme activator I and activate at 40°C with stirring for 5 min to obtain the compound enzyme preparation.
[0033] Comparative Example 3 A cooked feed for pig farming Same as Example 1, except that in step 1, the preparation of the compound enzyme preparation, step 3) is: Adjust the pH of the mixed enzyme dispersion obtained in step 2) to 6.5, first add 0.1 wt% of enzyme activator II (calcium chloride), and activate at 45°C with stirring for 10 min. Then add 0.05 wt% of enzyme activator II, and activate at 45°C with stirring for 5 min to obtain the compound enzyme preparation.
[0034] Comparative Example 4 A cooked feed for pig farming Same as Example 1, except that in step 1, the preparation of the compound enzyme preparation, step 3) is: Adjust the pH of the mixed enzyme dispersion obtained in step 2) to 6.5, first add 0.1 wt% of enzyme activator III (made of calcium chloride and manganese sulfate in a mass ratio of 4:1), and activate at 40°C with stirring for 10 min. Then add 0.05 wt% of enzyme activator II (calcium chloride), and activate at 45°C with stirring for 5 min to obtain the compound enzyme preparation.
[0035] Comparative Example 5 A cooked feed for pig farming Same as Example 1, except that in step 1, the preparation of the compound enzyme preparation, step 3) is: Adjust the pH of the mixed enzyme dispersion obtained in step 2) to 6.5, add 0.1 wt% of enzyme activator I (made by mixing calcium chloride and manganese sulfate in a mass ratio of 3:1) and 0.05 wt% of enzyme activator II (calcium chloride), and activate by stirring at 45°C for 15 min to obtain the compound enzyme preparation.
[0036] Comparative Example 6 A cooked feed for pig farming Same as Example 1, except that in step 2, the preparation of the supplement, step 3) is: A compound microbial agent was obtained by mixing Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecalis (replaced with CGMCC 1.10682), Bacillus subtilis, Candida utilis, and Clostridium butyricum in a mass ratio of 1:1:3:2:0.5.
[0037] Comparative Example 7 A cooked feed for pig farming Same as Example 1, except that in step 2, the preparation of the supplement, step 3) is: A compound microbial agent was obtained by mixing Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Candida utilis (replaced with CGMCC 2.2951) and Clostridium butyricum in a mass ratio of 1:1:3:2:0.5.
[0038] Comparative Example 8 A cooked feed for pig farming Same as Example 1, except that in step 2, the preparation of the supplement, step 3) is: A compound microbial agent was obtained by mixing Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Candida utilis, and Clostridium butyricum in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1.
[0039] Comparative Example 9 A cooked feed for pig farming Same as Example 1, except that the preparation of the supplement in step 2 is as follows: 1) The corn starch, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, vitamin C and amino acids are mixed in a mass ratio of 50:20:15:3:12 and then pulverized to a particle size ≤50μm to obtain a nutritional supplement. 2) Add 20%wt of sterile water to the nutritional supplement obtained in step 1), mix well, and make particles with a particle size of 0.5-0.8mm. Dry at 50℃ until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain the core particles of the nutritional supplement. 3) According to the mass ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Candida utilis and Clostridium butyricum, they were mixed in a ratio of 1:1:3:2:0.5 to obtain a compound microbial agent; 4) Mix the composite microbial agent and porous starch obtained in step 3) with a mass ratio of 1:2, add 20%wt of skim milk powder and 10%wt of sterile water, mix well, and make particles with a particle size of 0.5-0.8mm. Dry at 25℃ until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain the core particles of the composite microbial agent. 5) Mix enteric acrylic resin, shellac, polyethylene glycol and talc in a mass ratio of 40:20:15:2 and dilute with sterile water to a solid content of 15% to obtain a coating solution. 6) Using fluidized bed coating technology, the core particles of the composite microbial agent obtained in step 4) are coated with the coating liquid obtained in step 5) in a fluidized bed and dried at 25°C until the water content is ≤8% to obtain coated particles of composite microbial agent. The fluidized bed coating parameters are as follows: inlet air temperature 35℃, atomization pressure 0.2MPa, coating liquid flow rate 4mL / min, and particle weight gain 6%.
[0040] 7) Mix the nutritional supplement core particles obtained in step 2) and the compound microbial agent coated particles obtained in step 6) to obtain the supplement.
[0041] Comparative Example 10 A cooked feed for pig farming Same as Example 1, except that in step 2, the preparation of the supplement, step 6) is: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was placed in water at 80°C and mixed to obtain a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose dispersion. Then, water at 4°C was added to the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose dispersion until the concentration of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was 5%wt, thus obtaining a coating solution.
[0042] Comparative Example 11 A cooked feed for pig farming Same as Example 1, except that the preparation of the cooked feed in step 3 is as follows: 1) Weigh the following parts of raw materials by weight: 55 parts corn flour, 25 parts soybean meal, 8 parts wheat bran, 4 parts fish meal, 0.5 parts compound enzyme preparation, and 6 parts supplements; 2) Mix the corn flour and soybean meal weighed in step 1), puff them at 115℃ and 0.4MPa for 30s, and then mix them with the bran and fish meal weighed in step 1) to obtain the mixed base material; 3) Add the compound enzyme preparation weighed in step 1) to the mixed base material obtained in step 2), and adjust the pH to 6.5 using sodium bicarbonate. Then control the material temperature at 50℃ and the water content at 25% and mature for 6 hours to obtain the matured base material. 4) Add the supplement weighed in step 1) to the matured base material obtained in step 3), mix, and obtain the matured feed.
[0043] Comparative Example 12 A cooked feed for pig farming Same as Example 1, except that the preparation of the cooked feed in step 3 is as follows: 1) Weigh the following parts of raw materials by weight: 55 parts corn flour, 25 parts soybean meal, 8 parts wheat bran, 4 parts fish meal, 0.5 parts compound enzyme preparation, and 6 parts supplements; 2) Mix the corn flour and soybean meal weighed in step 1), puff them at 115℃ and 0.4MPa for 30s, and then mix them with the bran and fish meal weighed in step 1) to obtain the mixed base material; 3) Add 50% of the total amount of the compound enzyme preparation weighed in step 1) to the mixed base material obtained in step 2), control the material temperature at 45℃ and the moisture content at 30%, and mature for 3 hours to obtain a one-time matured base material; 4) Add 50% of the total amount of the compound enzyme preparation weighed in step 1) to the primary maturation base material obtained in step 3), and adjust the pH to 6.5 using sodium bicarbonate. Then control the temperature at 55℃ and the water content at 20% and maturate for 2 hours to obtain the secondary maturation base material. 5) Add the supplement weighed in step 1) to the secondary maturation base obtained in step 4), mix, and obtain the maturation feed.
[0044] Performance verification: I. Growth Performance Testing Healthy weaned piglets of similar breed, age, and weight were used as test subjects and fed with the cooked feed prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-12, respectively. After 28 days, their growth performance was tested, and the results of the growth performance test are shown in Table 2. Table 2. Long-term performance test results
[0045] As shown in Table 2, the cooked feed for pig farming provided by this invention has an average daily weight gain of 1015g / day, an average daily feed intake of 2480g / day, and a feed conversion ratio of 2.44, exhibiting good growth rate and feed conversion efficiency.
[0046] II. Apparent digestibility test The endogenous indicator method was used to collect fecal samples for several consecutive days, analyze the nutrient content in feed and feces, calculate digestibility, and the results of apparent digestibility test are shown in Table 3. Table 3. Results of Apparent Digestibility Test
[0047] As shown in Table 3, the apparent digestibility of crude protein in the mature feed for pig farming provided by this invention can reach 88.5%, and the apparent digestibility of energy can reach 90.1%, demonstrating good nutrient digestibility and absorption.
[0048] III. Intestinal Health Examination Fresh feces were collected, and the number of lactic acid bacteria and Escherichia coli in the fresh feces was analyzed. The results of the intestinal health test are shown in Table 4. Table 4. Results of intestinal health examination
[0049] As shown in Table 4, the lactic acid bacteria count in the cooked feed for pig farming provided by this invention can reach 8.5 × 10⁻⁶. 6 CFU / g, Escherichia coli count can reach 0.8×10⁻⁶. 6 CFU / g can significantly optimize the gut microbiota structure.
[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A matured feed for pig farming, characterized by, The following ingredients are included by mass: 50-60 parts of corn flour, 20-30 parts of soybean meal, 5-10 parts of bran, 1-5 parts of fish meal, 0.2-0.6 parts of complex enzyme preparation, and 5-10 parts of supplement.
2. The matured feed for pig farming according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation of the complex enzyme preparation includes the following steps: 1) mixing cellulase, xylanase, neutral protease, phytase and beta-glucanase to obtain a mixed enzyme dry powder; 2) placing the mixed enzyme dry powder obtained in step 1) in water at 40-45°C according to a concentration of 6-10 wt%, controlling the stirring speed at 120 r / min, and stirring for 5-10 min to obtain a mixed enzyme dispersion; 3) adjusting the pH of the mixed enzyme dispersion obtained in step 2) to 6.5, first adding 0.1 wt% of enzyme activator I, stirring and activating at 40°C for 8-12 min, then adding 0.05 wt% of enzyme activator II, stirring and activating at 45°C for 4-6 min to obtain the complex enzyme preparation.
3. The matured feed for pig farming according to claim 2, characterized by, In step 1), the mass ratio of the cellulase, xylanase, neutral protease, phytase and beta-glucanase is (3-5):(2-4):(2-4):(1-3):(0.5-1.5).
4. The matured feed for pig farming according to claim 2, characterized by, In step 3), the enzyme activator I is obtained by mixing calcium chloride and manganese sulfate according to a mass ratio of 3:1; and the enzyme activator II is calcium chloride.
5. The matured feed for pig farming according to claim 1, characterized by, The preparation of the supplement includes the following steps: 1) mixing corn starch, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, vitamin C and amino acid, crushing to a particle size of ≤50 μm to obtain a nutritional supplement; 2) adding 20 wt% of sterile water to the nutritional supplement obtained in step 1), mixing uniformly, preparing granules with a particle size of 0.5-0.8 mm, and drying at 50°C until the water content is ≤8% to obtain nutritional supplement core granules; 3) mixing Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Candida utilis and Clostridium butyricum to obtain a complex microbial inoculant; 4) mixing the complex microbial inoculant obtained in step 3) and porous starch according to a mass ratio of 1:2, adding 20 wt% of skimmed milk powder and 10 wt% of sterile water, mixing uniformly, preparing granules with a particle size of 0.5-0.8 mm, and drying at 25°C until the water content is ≤8% to obtain complex microbial inoculant core granules; 5) mixing the nutritional supplement core granules obtained in step 2) and the complex microbial inoculant core granules obtained in step 4) to obtain supplement granules; 6) mixing enteric acrylic resin, shellac, polyethylene glycol and talc, and diluting with sterile water to a solid content of 15% to obtain a coating liquid; 7) using fluidized bed coating technology, using the coating liquid obtained in step 6) to fluidized bed coat the supplement granules obtained in step 5), and drying at 25°C until the water content is ≤8% to obtain the supplement.
6. The mature feed for pig breeding according to claim 5, wherein In step 1), the mass ratio of the corn starch, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, vitamin C and amino acid is 50:(15-25):(12-18):(2-4):(11-13). 7.The mature feed for pig breeding according to claim 5, characterized in that, in step 3), the mass ratio of the Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Candida utilis and Clostridium butyricum is (0.5-1.5) :(0.5-1.5) :(2-4) :(1-3) :(0.1-1) ; in step 5), the mass ratio of the complex microbial agent and porous starch is 1:
2. 8.The mature feed for pig breeding according to claim 5, characterized in that, in step 6), the mass ratio of the enteric acrylic resin, shellac, polyethylene glycol and talc is 40:20:15:2; in step 7), the fluidized bed coating parameters are: air inlet temperature 30-35℃, atomization pressure 0.15-0.2MPa, coating liquid flow rate 3-5mL / min, and particle weight gain 5-8%.
9. A method for preparing a mature feed for pig farming according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, comprising the following steps: 1) mixing corn powder and soybean meal, and then performing puffing treatment at 115℃ and 0.4MPa for 30s, and then mixing with bran and fish meal to obtain a mixed base material; 2) adding 60% of the total amount of complex enzyme preparation to the mixed base material obtained in step 2), and then performing maturation to obtain a first maturation base material; 3) adding 40% of the total amount of complex enzyme preparation to the first maturation base material obtained in step 2), and then adjusting the pH to 6.5 by using sodium bicarbonate, and then performing maturation to obtain a second maturation base material; 4) adding a supplement to the second maturation base material obtained in step 3), and then mixing to obtain the mature feed. 10.The preparation method according to claim 9, characterized in that, in step 2), the maturation is specifically: controlling the material temperature to be 45-50℃, the moisture content to be 30-35%, and then performing maturation for 2-4h; in step 3), the maturation is specifically: controlling the temperature to be 55-60℃, the moisture content to be 20-30%, and then performing maturation for 1-3h.