Commodity trade process optimization system and method based on block chain

Abstract

The invention relates to the cross technical field of block chain technology and commodity trade management, and discloses a commodity trade process optimization system and method based on a block chain, and the system comprises a block chain bottom layer, a data collection and upper chain layer, a core business layer, an intelligent contract layer, an application layer and an interaction layer which are in communication connection in sequence. According to the commodity trade process optimization system and method based on the block chain, the non-tampering and traceability characteristics of the block chain ensure that trade data is true and transparent, the problem of information asymmetry is solved, real-time sharing and automatic processing of whole-process data are achieved, offline paper document circulation and manual verification are replaced, the trade process period is shortened, and the trade efficiency is improved. The efficiency of the cross-border trade process is improved; a real-time risk monitoring and early warning mechanism is combined with an evidence chain which cannot be tampered, performance risks and market risks are avoided in advance, dispute handling time is shortened, trade losses are reduced, meanwhile, the trade process is simplified, and the threshold for small and medium-sized enterprises to participate in international trade is lowered.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of blockchain technology and commodity trade management, in particular to a commodity trade process optimization system and method based on blockchain. BACKGROUND

[0002] The current commodity trade process has many industry pain points, which seriously affect trade efficiency and security: Information asymmetry is serious: the data of trade parties, logistics companies, financial institutions and other participants is scattered and stored, and information such as order status, logistics track and fund flow cannot be shared in real time, which may lead to problems such as false orders and hidden logistics delays; Process coordination efficiency is low: price inquiry, contract signing, and document transfer (such as bills of lading and invoices) rely on offline paper documents or centralized system transmission, which requires manual verification by multiple parties, resulting in long process cycles (3-7 days for cross-border trade on average) and high operating costs; Data credibility is insufficient: trade documents (such as quality inspection reports and certificates of origin) are easily tampered with, and commodity traceability information is fragmented, making it difficult for consumers and buyers to verify the authenticity of goods, and fake goods and substandard goods are common; Risk control capability is weak: there is a lack of real-time risk monitoring mechanism, which cannot identify supplier compliance anomalies, logistics disruptions, and fund defaults in a timely manner, and there is a lack of tamper-proof evidence chain when disputes arise, resulting in high costs for rights protection; Cross-border trade pain points are prominent: customs declaration and foreign exchange settlement rely on multiple parties to interface, document review is cumbersome, and exchange rate fluctuations and policy changes increase trade risks.

[0003] Existing trade management systems are mostly centralized architectures with centralized data storage and low transparency, which cannot fundamentally solve the trust problem; some traceability systems only cover a single link and do not realize full-process data chaining, resulting in insufficient traceability integrity and credibility. Therefore, it is urgent to build a full-process optimization system based on blockchain to solve the trust and efficiency problems in the trade process. SUMMARY

[0004] (I) Technical problems solved To overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a commodity trade process optimization system and method based on blockchain, which overcomes the defects of information asymmetry, low efficiency, untrusted data, and poor controllability in the existing commodity trade process, realizes the transparency, efficiency and security of the trade process, reduces trade costs, improves trust levels and strengthens risk control.

[0005] (II) Technical solutions To achieve the above object, the application provides the following technical scheme: a commodity trade process optimization system based on a blockchain, comprising a blockchain bottom layer, a data acquisition and chain layer, a core business layer, an intelligent contract layer, an application layer and an interaction layer, and the layers are sequentially connected in communication.

[0006] Preferably, the blockchain bottom layer serves as a system trust cornerstone, provides decentralized data storage, encrypted transmission, tamper-proofing and traceability, and specifically comprises a consensus mechanism module, an encryption module, a distributed ledger module and a cross-chain interaction module.

[0007] Preferably, the data acquisition and chain layer realizes automatic acquisition, standardized processing and chain storage of trade process data, and specifically comprises a multi-source data acquisition module, a data standardization module, a data chain triggering module and a data verification module.

[0008] Preferably, the core business layer serves as a system trust cornerstone, provides decentralized data storage, encrypted transmission, tamper-proofing and traceability, and specifically comprises a consensus mechanism module, an encryption module, a distributed ledger module and a cross-chain interaction module.

[0009] Preferably, the core business layer covers the core business of the whole process of commodity trade, realizes process automation and collaboration, and specifically comprises an intelligent inquiry and negotiation module, an intelligent contract module, an order management module, a logistics collaboration module, a quality inspection and traceability module, a settlement and financing module and a risk control module.

[0010] Preferably, the intelligent contract layer serves as the core of system automation execution, codes trade rules, realizes automatic triggering and execution of the process, and specifically comprises a contract template library module, a contract deployment and execution module, a contract upgrade and termination module and a contract audit module.

[0011] Preferably, the application layer provides exclusive function entrances for different trade participants, ensures efficient business operation of each role, and specifically comprises a purchaser end, a supplier end, a logistics merchant end, a quality inspection agency end, a financial institution end, a regulatory party end and a consumer end.

[0012] Preferably, a commodity trade process optimization method based on a blockchain comprises the following steps: S1, system initialization; S2, data acquisition and chain storage; S3, intelligent inquiry and contract signing; S4, order generation and performance; S5, quality inspection and traceability; S6, intelligent settlement and financing; S7, risk monitoring and dispute handling; S8, process closed loop and data archiving.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present application provides a commodity trade process optimization system and method based on blockchain, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The commodity trade process optimization system and method based on blockchain, the non-tamperable and traceable characteristics of the blockchain ensure the authenticity and transparency of the trade data, solve the problem of information asymmetry, reduce the cost of trust, reduce the rate of counterfeit goods, and reduce the incidence of trade disputes; real-time sharing and automatic processing of full-process data, replacing offline paper document circulation and manual verification, shortening the trade process cycle, improving the efficiency of cross-border trade process; real-time risk monitoring and early warning mechanism, combined with the tamper-proof evidence chain, to avoid performance risk and market risk in advance, reduce dispute handling time, and reduce trade losses; reduce the cost of manual operation, document printing and transmission, and dispute handling, reduce procurement costs, reduce logistics costs, and reduce cross-border settlement costs; credit financing services based on blockchain solve the problem of financing difficulty and high financing cost for small and medium-sized enterprises, shorten the financing cycle by more than 70%, and at the same time simplify the trade process and reduce the threshold for small and medium-sized enterprises to participate in international trade. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the commodity trade process optimization process of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0016] Please refer to Figure 1 A commodity trade process optimization system based on blockchain, comprising a blockchain bottom layer, a data acquisition and chain layer, a core business layer, an intelligent contract layer, an application layer and an interaction layer, which are sequentially connected in communication, and the specific structure is as follows: The blockchain bottom layer serves as the cornerstone of system trust, provides decentralized data storage, encrypted transmission, tamper-proof and traceability capabilities, and specifically includes: Consensus mechanism module: adopts a hybrid consensus mechanism of "PBFT+PoA", authorizes trade participants as ledger nodes, PBFT mechanism ensures transaction confirmation efficiency, PoA mechanism ensures node credibility, avoids malicious node attacks; Encryption module: uses asymmetric encryption algorithm to authenticate the identity of participants and generate unique digital identity certificates; uses hash algorithm to encrypt trade data to ensure data transmission and storage security; uses zero-knowledge proof technology to protect sensitive data and achieve data availability invisibility; Distributed ledger module: builds an unalterable distributed ledger to record trade data throughout the entire process, each node synchronously stores the complete ledger, supports data traceability query, and ledger data can only be appended and cannot be modified; Cross-chain interaction module: supports interfacing with public chains, industry alliance chains, and enterprise private chains to achieve cross-platform data interconnection, such as automatically synchronizing customs declaration data with customs blockchain systems and realizing cross-border settlement with financial institution blockchain systems.

[0017] Data collection and chain layer realizes automatic collection, standardized processing, and chain storage of trade data throughout the entire process, including: Multi-source data collection module: Internal data collection submodule: interfaces with enterprise ERP, CRM, and WMS systems to collect internal business data such as procurement requirements, inventory data, customer information, and order details; External data collection submodule: interfaces with supplier systems, logistics service provider platforms, quality inspection agency systems, customs systems, and financial institution systems through API interfaces to collect commodity information, performance data, logistics track, quality inspection reports, customs declaration data, and settlement records; Internet of Things data collection submodule: integrates RFID, GPS, and temperature and humidity sensors to collect real-time data such as commodity transportation location, environmental temperature and humidity, and packaging integrity, supporting commodity monitoring throughout the entire process; Manual input submodule: provides a standardized input interface to support trade participants uploading unstructured data, which is converted into structured data through OCR technology and then uploaded to the chain; Data standardization module: establishes unified trade data standards, including commodity coding, order format, contract clause specifications, logistics data fields, and quality inspection index system, to ensure consistent data formats across different participants for cross-node interaction; Data chain triggering module: sets automatic chain triggering conditions, such as order signing completion, logistics node update, quality inspection report generation, and settlement completion, to automatically encrypt and upload data to the chain; supports manual chain triggering to meet special scenario data upload requirements; Data verification module: adopts multiple verification mechanisms, including node identity verification (verified through digital certificate), data integrity verification, and permission verification, to ensure that the data on the chain is real, legal, and effective.

[0018] The core business layer covers the core business of the whole process of commodity trade, realizes process automation and collaboration, and specifically includes: Intelligent inquiry and negotiation module: Demand publishing sub-module: the purchaser publishes commodity procurement demand and automatically pushes it to qualified supplier nodes; Quotation response sub-module: the supplier submits a quotation online after receiving the demand, and the quotation data is encrypted and uploaded to the chain; Intelligent negotiation sub-module: based on the purchaser's budget, supplier's quotation, historical transaction price, and market price data, an algorithm is used to generate a negotiation suggestion, online negotiation between the two parties is supported, negotiation records are uploaded to the chain in real time, and an unalterable negotiation certificate is formed; Intelligent contract module: Contract template library sub-module: provides standardized trade contract templates and supports customizing contract terms; Contract signing sub-module: uses electronic signature technology, both parties sign the contract online, and after signing, the contract data is automatically uploaded to the chain, a unique contract number is generated, and traceability is supported; Contract performance tracking sub-module: real-time association of order, logistics, and quality inspection data, tracking of contract performance progress, and automatic warning in case of performance exception; Order management module: Order generation sub-module: automatically generates a trade order based on the signed contract, including core information such as commodity information, quantity, price, delivery address, and payment method, and the order data is stored on the chain; Order change sub-module: supports order information changes, which need to be confirmed by both parties before being uploaded to the chain, and the change record is fully traceable; Order status synchronization sub-module: real-time update of order status (pending payment, paid, pending shipment, in transit, pending signing, completed), synchronization to all related nodes, and real-time synchronization of information for all participants; Logistics collaboration module: Logistics resource matching sub-module: based on order commodity characteristics, delivery address, and cost budget, intelligently recommends suitable logistics providers, and supports logistics provider price comparison and selection; Logistics track uploading sub-module: real-time collection of logistics node data, combined with GPS positioning to realize track visualization, and real-time uploading of logistics data to the chain, which is unalterable; Logistics exception handling sub-module: monitors exceptions such as logistics delay, product damage, and temperature and humidity exceeding standards, automatically triggers an alarm and pushes it to the purchaser, supplier, and logistics provider, supports online negotiation of solutions, and records the handling on the chain; Quality inspection and traceability module: Quality inspection data on-chain sub-module: After the quality inspection agency completes the commodity inspection, it encrypts the quality inspection report and uploads it to the chain to generate a unique quality inspection number. The buyer can query and verify through the number; Full-process traceability sub-module: Based on the blockchain ledger, it supports full-link traceability from commodity production, trade, logistics, quality inspection to the consumer end. Consumers can view commodity traceability information by scanning the code; Settlement and financing module: Intelligent settlement sub-module: Connects with financial institution systems, automatically triggers settlement based on smart contracts, supports RMB, foreign currency settlement and cross-border payment, and settlement records are uploaded to the chain in real time; Trade financing sub-module: Provides financing services for small and medium-sized enterprises. Based on order, contract, and logistics data on the blockchain, it automatically generates financing application materials, connects with the bank's blockchain financing platform, realizes non-secured credit financing, and shortens the financing cycle; Risk management module: Performance risk early warning sub-module: Based on the supplier's historical performance rate, order progress, and logistics status, a risk assessment model is constructed to predict performance risks. When the risk exceeds the standard, an early warning is triggered; Market risk monitoring sub-module: Real-time capture of market price fluctuations, exchange rate changes, and policy adjustment data, analyze the impact on current trade, and provide risk response suggestions; Dispute resolution sub-module: When a dispute occurs, automatically retrieve contract, order, logistics, and quality inspection data on the blockchain as evidence chain, support online mediation or judicial evidence, and reduce the cost of rights protection.

[0019] The smart contract layer is the core of system automation execution, which codes trade rules to realize automatic triggering and execution of processes, including: Contract template library module: Provides standardized smart contract templates, including order performance contract, settlement contract, quality inspection qualified trigger contract, logistics exception compensation contract, financing repayment contract, etc., and supports customizing contract terms; Contract deployment and execution module: After the parties to the trade confirm the contract terms, the contract is automatically deployed to the blockchain bottom layer, and when the preset conditions are triggered, the contract automatically performs the corresponding operation; Contract upgrade and termination module: Supports contract term upgrade to meet trade demand changes; when the contract termination condition is met, the contract is automatically terminated and the termination reason is recorded; Contract audit module: Supports supervision and audit agencies to audit the execution process of smart contracts to ensure that the contract execution is compliant and transparent, and the audit records are uploaded to the chain for storage.

[0020] Application layer Provide exclusive function entrances for different trade participants to ensure that each role can efficiently complete business operations, including: On the purchasing side: Post procurement requirements, view supplier quotations, participate in price negotiations, sign smart contracts, manage orders, track logistics, view quality inspection reports, initiate settlement, and resolve disputes; Supplier side: Receive procurement requirements, submit quotations, participate in price negotiations, sign smart contracts, generate delivery notes, track logistics status, view quality inspection results, receive settlement payments, and apply for trade financing; Logistics provider's side: Receive logistics orders, upload logistics tracking information, handle logistics exceptions, submit logistics vouchers, and receive logistics fees; Quality inspection agency side: Receive quality inspection commissions, upload quality inspection reports, and view the progress of quality inspection tasks; Financial institutions: Processing settlement transactions, reviewing financing applications, disbursing financing funds, collecting repayments, and reviewing trade data for risk assessment; On the regulatory side: supervising the compliance of trade processes, auditing the execution of smart contracts, querying trade data for regulatory statistics, and handling violations; Consumers can scan the code to view the product's full-chain traceability information, verify the product's authenticity, and provide feedback.

[0021] The interaction layer provides multi-terminal, convenient interaction methods to enhance the user experience, specifically including: Web version: Supports PC access and provides a full-featured user interface, such as data visualization reports, contract management, order tracking, etc. Mobile App / Mini Program: Supports iOS and Android systems, providing core functions such as price quote reminders, order status push notifications, logistics tracking, QR code traceability, and electronic signatures; API Interface: Provides standardized API interfaces to support integration with internal enterprise systems and third-party platforms, enabling data exchange and functional integration; Blockchain explorer: Provides a public query portal, supporting queries of relevant on-chain data by contract number, order number, and product traceability code, enhancing data transparency.

[0022] A blockchain-based method for optimizing commodity trading processes, implemented based on the aforementioned system, includes the following steps: System initialization: Trade participants complete system registration and submit identity verification materials. The blockchain underlying layer generates a unique digital identity certificate through an asymmetric encryption algorithm. Administrators configure system parameters, including consensus mechanism nodes, data on-chain trigger conditions, smart contract templates, and permission allocation rules, thus completing system initialization. Data collection and uplink: the multi-source data collection module is started, and trade whole-process data such as procurement demand, commodity information, order data, logistics track, and quality inspection report is collected; the data standardization module uniformly processes the collected data in format; after the data verification module verifies the authenticity and integrity of the data, the data uplink triggering module automatically encrypts and uplinks the data according to the preset conditions, and stores the data into the distributed ledger; Intelligent inquiry and contract signing: the procurement party publishes procurement demand through the intelligent inquiry and negotiation module, and the system automatically pushes it to qualified suppliers; the supplier submits a bid, and after the two parties negotiate and reach an agreement through the intelligent negotiation submodule, the intelligent contract module generates a contract by calling the standardized template, and the two parties complete the signing through electronic signature, the contract data is automatically uplinked, and a unique contract number is generated; Order generation and performance: based on the signed contract, the order management module automatically generates a trade order and uplinks it; the supplier prepares goods according to the order requirements, selects a logistics company through the logistics collaboration module after completing delivery, and the logistics company uploads real-time logistics track data after receiving the order, and the Internet of Things equipment synchronously collects commodity transportation environment data and uplinks it; Quality inspection and traceability: after the goods are delivered, the quality inspection agency detects the goods and uplinks the quality inspection report; the procurement party queries the quality inspection result through the quality inspection and traceability module, and the consumer can view the whole-link traceability information of the goods by scanning the code; Intelligent settlement and financing: when the goods are signed and the quality inspection is qualified, the intelligent contract automatically triggers the settlement process, the financial institution side completes the payment of funds according to the settlement contract, and the settlement record is uplinked; if the supplier needs financing, he can submit an application through the trade financing submodule, and the financial institution issues financing funds based on the order, contract, and logistics data on the blockchain; Risk monitoring and dispute handling: the risk control module monitors the performance status, market price, and exchange rate changes in real time, and triggers an early warning when the risk exceeds the standard; if a dispute occurs, the dispute handling submodule calls the evidence chain on the blockchain to support online mediation or judicial evidence; Process closed loop and data archiving: after the order is completed, the system automatically archives the trade whole-process data into the distributed ledger, supports subsequent traceability query and audit, and the related data flows back to the data collection layer to provide data support for subsequent trade optimization.

[0023] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A blockchain-based commodity trade process optimization system, characterized in that: It includes the blockchain underlying layer, data collection and on-chain layer, core business layer, smart contract layer, application layer and interaction layer, with each layer communicating and connecting in sequence.

2. The commodity trade process optimization system based on blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The underlying blockchain serves as the cornerstone of system trust, providing decentralized data storage, encrypted transmission, immutability, and traceability capabilities. Specifically, it includes a consensus mechanism module, an encryption module, a distributed ledger module, and a cross-chain interaction module.

3. The commodity trade process optimization system based on blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition and on-chain layer enables the automatic acquisition, standardized processing, and on-chain storage of trade data throughout the entire process. Specifically, it includes a multi-source data acquisition module, a data standardization module, a data on-chain triggering module, and a data verification module.

4. The commodity trade process optimization system based on blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core business layer serves as the cornerstone of system trust, providing decentralized data storage, encrypted transmission, immutability, and traceability capabilities. Specifically, it includes: a consensus mechanism module, an encryption module, a distributed ledger module, and a cross-chain interaction module.

5. The commodity trade process optimization system based on blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core business layer covers the core business of the entire commodity trade process, realizing process automation and collaboration. Specifically, it includes: intelligent inquiry and negotiation module, intelligent contract module, order management module, logistics collaboration module, quality inspection and traceability module, settlement and financing module, and risk control module.

6. The commodity trade process optimization system based on blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smart contract layer serves as the core of the system's automated execution, codifying trade rules to enable automatic process triggering and execution. Specifically, it includes: a contract template library module, a contract deployment and execution module, a contract upgrade and termination module, and a contract audit module.

7. The commodity trade process optimization system based on blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application layer provides dedicated function entry points for different trade participants, ensuring that each role can efficiently complete business operations. Specifically, these include: the buyer's side, the supplier's side, the logistics provider's side, the quality inspection agency's side, the financial institution's side, the regulator's side, and the consumer's side. The interaction layer provides multi-terminal and convenient interaction methods to enhance the user experience. Specifically, these include: web page, mobile APP / mini-program, API interface, and blockchain explorer.

8. A method for optimizing commodity trading processes based on blockchain, characterized in that: Specifically, it includes the following steps: S1, System initialization; S2, Data Acquisition and On-Chain Processing; S3, Intelligent Price Inquiry and Contract Signing; S4. Order generation and fulfillment; S5. Quality Inspection and Traceability; S6, Intelligent Settlement and Financing; S7. Risk monitoring and dispute resolution; S8, process closure and data archiving.

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