Integrated gas diffusion layer and preparation method and application thereof

By employing a three-dimensional porous nanofiber microporous layer and a porous substrate layer in the fuel cell, the problems of poor interfacial contact and limited water-gas transport were solved, achieving efficient water-gas and charge transport and improving the performance and reliability of the fuel cell.

CN121839712APending Publication Date: 2026-04-10DALIAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202511801907.2
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2025-12-02
Publication Date
2026-04-10

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

The integrated gas diffusion layer in the existing technology has problems such as poor interface contact and limited water vapor transmission, which limits the performance output and durability of fuel cells.

Method used

A three-dimensional porous microporous layer and a porous substrate layer with randomly arranged nanofibers are used. One side of the substrate layer is loaded with perfluorosulfonic acid resin, and the other side has spacer grooves. The microporous layer is located on the side of the perfluorosulfonic acid resin. The microporous layer is prepared by electrospinning and transferred to the substrate layer to form a continuous three-dimensional transport framework, realizing efficient water vapor transport and charge transport.

Benefits of technology

It significantly improves the mass transfer efficiency and volumetric power density of fuel cells, enhances battery performance, reduces battery costs, improves safety and stability, and avoids structural deterioration and performance degradation caused by slurry infiltration.

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Abstract

The invention provides an integrated gas diffusion layer and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of energy and cleaning, the integrated gas diffusion layer comprises a microporous layer and a substrate layer; the microporous layer is a three-dimensional porous structure layer formed by randomly arranging nanofibers; the nanofiber is of a core-shell structure, a shell layer material comprises a conductive material and perfluorinated sulfonic acid resin, and a core material is a polymer obtained through a cross-linked esterification reaction of polyacrylic acid and polyvinyl alcohol; the substrate layer is of a porous structure, one side of the substrate layer is loaded with perfluorinated sulfonic acid resin, and the other side of the substrate layer is provided with spaced grooves; the microporous layer is positioned on one side, loaded with Nafion, of the substrate layer; the average surface roughness of the substrate layer is less than or equal to 15 [mu] m. The integrated gas diffusion layer provided by the invention has the effects of greatly shortening the mass transfer path, greatly improving the mass transfer efficiency, simplifying the battery structure and reducing the battery volume, and achieves the effects of greatly enhancing the battery performance, greatly enhancing the battery volume power density and reducing the battery cost.
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