Fibrous texture fabric and dyeing and finishing method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a fiber-melt texture fabric and a dyeing and finishing method thereof, and relates to the technical field of textile printing and dyeing and after-finishing, and the dyeing and finishing method comprises the following steps: immersing a refined and pre-shaped base material in a working solution containing a thermosensitive skeleton building agent, an amphiphilic interface anchoring agent, a thermal reaction type cross-linking agent and an ionic humidity-regulating phase change inducer composed of calcium chloride and sodium acetate; pre-drying at 85-95 DEG C, and reducing the solubility of the skeleton building agent by utilizing a salting-out effect generated by ions, so that the skeleton building agent is subjected to in-situ gelation on the surface of the fiber before water evaporation, and a thermal migration path is blocked; and then baking at 165-175 DEG C to unblock the cross-linking agent and react. According to the invention, a stable moisture-absorption hydrated gel layer is constructed on the surface of the hydrophobic polyester fiber by utilizing the bridging effect of the amphiphilic anchoring agent and the chemical bonding of a cross-linked network. The prepared fabric is uniform in surface appearance and free of white spots, the three-dimensional texture is well reserved, the fabric has lasting moist and cool feeling and pink and glutinous touch feeling, and the problems that migration and whitening are likely to happen and a hydrophilic film is likely to fall off in traditional chemical fiber finishing are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of textile printing, dyeing and finishing technology, and in particular to fibrous textured fabrics and their dyeing and finishing methods. Background Technology

[0002] Polyester fibers are widely used in the textile industry due to their excellent mechanical properties and dimensional stability. However, their molecular structure lacks hydrophilic groups, resulting in extremely low moisture regain. This leads to fabrics that feel dry and rough to the touch, are prone to static electricity, and lack the warm and bio-friendly feel unique to natural fibers. To impart moist, powdery, and cool characteristics similar to biological tissues to synthetic fiber fabrics, deep hydrophilic modification or coating treatment is usually required.

[0003] However, existing functional finishing technologies face significant thermodynamic challenges when using polymeric hydrophilic gels or thickening systems for padding. During the drying and setting process, as moisture rapidly evaporates from the fabric surface, capillary action causes dissolved polymeric solutes to migrate directionally to the surface. This severe thermophoresis leads to excessive accumulation and film formation of the finishing agent on the fabric surface. On the one hand, this results in visible white spots or stains on dark or bright fabrics, disrupting the uniformity of appearance; on the other hand, the hardened film can cause yarn adhesion and caking, severely damaging the original bulk and texture of knitted jacquard fabrics, resulting in a stiff hand feel.

[0004] Furthermore, there is a natural difference in interfacial energy between hydrophilic finishing agents and hydrophobic polyester substrates, resulting in poor interfacial compatibility. Conventional finishing processes often rely solely on physical adsorption or simple surface coating, lacking effective chemical bonding or interfacial anchoring mechanisms. When subjected to volume changes due to moisture absorption and swelling, as well as the shear forces of water flow during washing, the functional layer is easily peeled off from the fiber surface. This makes it difficult to maintain the fabric's moisture absorption, electrical conductivity, and cooling properties, failing to meet consumers' demands for high-quality, wash-resistant functional fabrics. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a fiber-fusion textured fabric and its dyeing and finishing method, aiming to improve the problems in the existing technology of hydrophilic finishing of polyester fabrics, such as surface whitening and hardening caused by thermal migration of finishing agents, destruction of three-dimensional texture, poor washability and inability to maintain a moist and cool feel due to weak interfacial bonding.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, a fiber-fusion textured fabric is formed, comprising a base fabric and a hydrophilic gel network film attached to the fiber surface of the base fabric through a padding and baking process; the base fabric is a jacquard knitted fabric interwoven with polyester fibers, modal fibers, and spandex fibers; the hydrophilic gel network film is formed by ion-induced phase change and cross-linking curing of a finishing working solution, the active components of which include: a thermosensitive skeleton building agent, an amphiphilic interface anchoring agent, a thermally reactive cross-linking agent, and an ionic humidity-regulating phase change inducing agent; the thermosensitive skeleton building agent is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose with low critical dissolution temperature characteristics; the amphiphilic interface anchoring agent is a water-soluble polyester copolymer containing polyethylene glycol segments; the thermally reactive cross-linking agent is an end-capped aqueous isocyanate; and the ionic humidity-regulating phase change inducing agent is a combination of anhydrous calcium chloride and anhydrous sodium acetate.

[0007] By employing the above technical solution, the thermodynamic properties of the finishing solution system are altered by utilizing the high-valence cations in the ionic moisture-regulating phase change inducer and the strong interaction between salt and water molecules. According to the Hofmeister effect, specific salt ions can disrupt the hydration layer surrounding the thermosensitive skeleton builder, significantly reducing its low critical dissolution temperature in aqueous solution. During the drying and film-forming process, as water evaporates, the salt concentration increases, causing hydroxypropyl methylcellulose to undergo a sol-gel phase change at a lower temperature. This rapidly constructs a physical gel skeleton on the fiber surface, locking the functional components in situ and effectively blocking the migration path of solutes to the fabric surface with water, thus solving the problems of surface whitening and uneven color in high-density fabrics after finishing. Simultaneously, the amphiphilic interface anchoring agent utilizes the principle of similar compatibility; its polyester segments form crystalline anchors with the substrate fibers, while polyethylene glycol segments interpenetrate with the hydrophilic gel network. Combined with the chemical bonding of the thermally reactive crosslinking agent, a stable hydrophilic and moisture-absorbing layer is constructed on the hydrophobic polyester surface, giving the fabric a lasting cool and moist feel.

[0008] Preferably, the amphiphilic interface anchoring agent is polymerized from raw materials including the following monomers: dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol with a number average molecular weight of 1500-4000; anhydrous calcium chloride and anhydrous sodium acetate form an interpenetrating structure of microcrystalline and polymeric networks in the hydrophilic gel network membrane.

[0009] By employing the above technical solution, the polyethylene glycol soft segments with specific molecular weights endow the copolymer with excellent flexibility and hydrophilicity, while the hard segments composed of dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol ensure its thermal adhesion to polyester fibers. Anhydrous calcium chloride acts as a strong moisture-absorbing core, and anhydrous sodium acetate acts as a buffer to prevent calcium salt precipitation. The two are dispersed at the microscale and physically coated by a polymer network, forming stable moisture-absorbing units. This ensures both the high moisture regain of the fabric and avoids the rough feel caused by direct salt precipitation.

[0010] Preferably, in the base material fabric, the polyester fiber is a combed long-staple cotton-feel polyester yarn of 60S / 2 to 80S / 2; the structure of the base material fabric is a single-sided jacquard structure with float characteristics, and the coefficient of dynamic friction (MIU) of the fabric surface is 0.14 to 0.16.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the in-situ gelation technology of this invention can achieve uniform coating at the microscopic level, addressing the risk of thermal migration caused by the large specific surface area and high liquid absorption of fine denier, high-count yarns. The gel network membrane fills the gaps between the floats in the jacquard structure, providing additional structural support, enabling the fabric to maintain a low coefficient of friction while preserving the three-dimensional shape of the texture, thus avoiding texture collapse caused by traditional softening finishing.

[0012] Preferably, the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose of the thermosensitive skeleton building agent is of type E or type K, and its 2% aqueous solution has a viscosity of 5 to 50 mPa·s; the end-capping agent of the end-capped aqueous isocyanate is 3,5-dimethylpyrazole or butanone oxime, and the uncapping temperature is 110 to 130°C.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the use of low-viscosity hydroxypropyl methylcellulose facilitates the penetration of the finishing solution into the interior of high-density fabrics, avoiding excessively thick surface films that cause a stiff feel. The capped isocyanate remains chemically inert during the pre-drying stage, only decapsulating and participating in the reaction during the high-temperature baking stage, achieving stepwise control of physical gelation and chemical cross-linking.

[0014] Preferably, the heat-reducing coefficient of the microfiber textured fabric is... The surface resistivity is greater than or equal to 0.24 W / cm², and less than 1.0 × 10⁻⁶ after 30 standard water washes. 9 Ω.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the constructed high-hydration gel network effectively improves heat conduction efficiency, giving the fabric a significant cooling sensation and antistatic properties.

[0016] A dyeing and finishing method for a fiber-reinforced textured fabric includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. Provide jacquard knitted fabric made of polyester fiber, modal fiber and spandex fiber, which is pre-shaped after scouring, dyeing and washing;

[0018] S2. Prepare the finishing working solution by dissolving and dispersing the thermosensitive framework building agent, amphiphilic interface anchoring agent, thermally reactive crosslinking agent, ionic humidity-regulating phase change inducer and pH adjuster in water.

[0019] S3. Impregnate the pre-shaped fabric with finishing solution, control the liquid carry-over rate, and make the finishing solution adsorbed inside and outside the fabric fibers.

[0020] S4. Perform ion-induced phase change pre-drying, using ionic humidity-regulating phase change inducing agent to lower the phase change temperature of heat-sensitive skeleton building agent, so that it gels in situ on the fiber surface.

[0021] S5. Perform high-temperature cross-linking baking to deseal the thermally reactive cross-linking agent and allow it to cross-link with the heat-sensitive skeleton building agent and the amphiphilic interface anchoring agent;

[0022] S6. Cool and place in a constant temperature and humidity environment for rehydration and equilibrium.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention achieves in-situ construction of functional layers through stepwise control of phase transition and cross-linking processes. Its specific mechanism of action is as follows:

[0024] Penetration and Adsorption: At room temperature, due to the presence of ionic humidity-regulating phase change inducers, the thermosensitive skeleton building agent is in a metastable sol state in the working fluid. Its low viscosity allows it to fully penetrate into the yarn interior and between fiber filaments of high-count, high-density fabrics.

[0025] Ion-induced in-situ gelation: During the pre-drying stage, the temperature rises. At this point, moisture begins to evaporate, and the ion concentration in the system rapidly increases. The strong electrolyte effect produced by the high concentrations of calcium chloride and sodium acetate strips the hydration layer surrounding the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose molecular chains, causing its lower critical dissolution temperature to drop below the pre-drying temperature. The hydroxypropyl methylcellulose molecular chains rapidly undergo hydrophobic association, transforming from a sol state to a gel state. This instantaneous phase transition freezes the finishing agent components adsorbed on the fiber surface in situ, physically blocking the path of liquid migration to the fabric surface via capillary effect, thus avoiding surface whitening and film formation caused by migration.

[0026] Chemical crosslinking and anchoring: During the high-temperature baking stage, the end-capping agent of the end-capped waterborne isocyanate dissociates, releasing highly active isocyanate groups. These groups undergo addition reactions with the hydroxyl groups of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, the terminal hydroxyl groups of the amphiphilic interface anchoring agent, and the active groups on the surface of the cellulose fibers, forming a network of urethane or urea bonds. Simultaneously, the hydrophobic polyester segments of the amphiphilic interface anchoring agent undergo co-crystallization or molecular chain entanglement with the substrate polyester fibers at high temperatures. Ultimately, a triple stable structure of physical interpenetration, chemical crosslinking, and interface anchoring is formed.

[0027] Preferably, in step S2, the concentrations of each component in the working solution per liter of working solution are as follows: thermosensitive framework building agent: 3.0–8.0 g / L; amphiphilic interface anchoring agent: 15.0–30.0 g / L; thermally reactive crosslinking agent: 10.0–20.0 g / L; ionic humidity-regulating phase change inducing agent: anhydrous calcium chloride 3.0–8.0 g / L, anhydrous sodium acetate 1.0–3.0 g / L; pH adjuster to adjust the pH value to 5.5–6.5.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the concentration ratio of each component has been optimized. The specific ratio of anhydrous calcium chloride and anhydrous sodium acetate not only provides sufficient ionic strength to trigger the phase transition, but also constructs a stable pH buffer system to prevent isocyanate from prematurely hydrolyzing or becoming ineffective due to pH fluctuations during the storage of the working solution.

[0029] Preferably, in step S4, the temperature for ion-induced phase change pre-baking is 85–95°C and the time is 120–150 seconds; in step five, the temperature for high-temperature crosslinking baking is 165–175°C and the time is 50–70 seconds.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the pre-baking temperature is set within the phase change temperature range after ion regulation to ensure sufficient physical gelation and lock in the distribution state; the baking temperature is set above the desealing temperature of the end-capping agent to ensure complete chemical cross-linking reaction and give the finishing layer excellent water wash resistance.

[0031] Preferably, in step S1, the predetermined process conditions are: temperature 155-160℃, time 30-40 seconds, and overfeed rate 10%-15%; in step three, a two-dip and two-roll process is adopted, the rolling mill pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa, and the liquid carryover rate is 75%-85%.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, the higher overfeed rate reserves space for fabric shrinkage. Combined with the high-penetration process of two dips and two nips, it is beneficial for the finishing agent to enter the internal space of the fabric, thereby enhancing the fullness and resilience of the finished product.

[0033] Preferably, in step S2, the dyeing and finishing method of the amphiphilic interface anchoring agent includes: performing an ester exchange reaction of dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol at 180-220°C in the presence of an ester exchange catalyst, followed by a polycondensation reaction under vacuum at 240-260°C, and obtaining an aqueous emulsion with a solid content of 30% by melt dispersion of the resulting copolymer.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, the block copolymer prepared by this synthesis process has a regular molecular structure with uniform distribution of hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments. It can be stably dispersed in the aqueous phase and undergo microphase separation during film formation, effectively acting as a molecular bridge between the hydrophobic substrate and the hydrophilic coating, thereby improving the bonding strength.

[0035] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0036] 1. This application constructs a cross-linked hydroxypropyl methylcellulose backbone containing hygroscopic salts on the surface of polyester fibers to form a stable hydrated gel layer. This gel layer utilizes its locked moisture to generate a water lubrication effect and high thermal conductivity, significantly reducing the coefficient of friction on the fiber surface and increasing the contact cooling coefficient, thereby giving the hydrophobic polyester fabric a significant moist and cool feeling and a soft, powdery touch, effectively overcoming the defects of traditional chemical fiber fabrics such as dryness, roughness and easy static electricity generation.

[0037] 2. This application adopts an ion-induced phase change and stepwise curing strategy, utilizing the salting-out effect of calcium chloride and sodium acetate to regulate the phase change temperature of the finishing system, so that it undergoes in-situ gelation and fixation during the pre-drying stage before a large amount of moisture evaporates; effectively blocking the thermal migration path of hydrophilic components migrating to the fabric surface with moisture, completely solving the common problems of surface whitening and color spots after finishing dark fabrics, while avoiding surface film formation and hardening, and perfectly preserving the original three-dimensional texture and fluffiness of the knitted jacquard fabric;

[0038] 3. This application introduces an amphiphilic interface anchoring agent to construct a stable interfacial bonding layer. By utilizing the co-crystallization effect of its hydrophobic polyester segments and the substrate, as well as the interpenetrating entanglement of its hydrophilic polyether segments and the gel network, combined with the chemical bonding of the thermally reactive crosslinking agent, a strong adhesion of the hydrophilic functional layer to the surface of the hydrophobic polyester fiber is achieved. This multi-anchoring mechanism significantly improves the wash resistance of the finishing effect, ensuring that the fabric can still maintain excellent wicking capacity, conductive antistatic properties, and wet feel after multiple household washes. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Preparation Examples 1-3:

[0040] Preparation Example 1: Preparation of Balanced Water-Soluble Polyester Copolymers

[0041] In a 2L stainless steel reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer, nitrogen inlet pipe, fractionating column, and thermometer, add 194g of dimethyl terephthalate, 124g of ethylene glycol, and 500g of polyethylene glycol. Simultaneously add 0.15g of zinc acetate catalyst.

[0042] Nitrogen gas was introduced to purge the air three times, and the temperature was raised to 170–190°C under nitrogen protection to carry out the transesterification reaction until the theoretical methanol distillation yield reached over 95%. Then, 0.08 g of antimony trioxide catalyst was added, and the temperature was raised to 250°C while gradually increasing the vacuum until the pressure was below 50 Pa. The reaction was carried out for approximately 2–3 hours, and heating was stopped when the intrinsic viscosity reached 0.55 dL / g.

[0043] The mixture was cooled to 90°C and slowly mixed with 80°C deionized water under high-speed stirring at 2000 rpm to induce phase inversion emulsification, resulting in a milky white dispersion with a solid content of 30%.

[0044] Preparation Example 2: Preparation of highly hydrophilic water-soluble polyester copolymers

[0045] Except for adjusting the amount of polyethylene glycol to 700g, the other raw materials are the same as in Preparation Example 1.

[0046] The reaction process was adjusted as follows: the maximum temperature during the polycondensation stage was controlled at 240–245°C, and the vacuum reaction time was appropriately extended to achieve the predetermined viscosity. After emulsification, a relatively transparent dispersion with a 30% solid content was obtained.

[0047] Preparation Example 3: Preparation of Highly Anchored Water-Soluble Polyester Copolymer

[0048] Except for adjusting the amount of polyethylene glycol to 300g, the other raw materials are the same as in Preparation Example 1.

[0049] The reaction process was adjusted as follows: the temperature of the polycondensation stage was increased to 255–260℃, and the reaction was continued until the intrinsic viscosity reached 0.65 dL / g. Due to the high viscosity of the product melt, the melt needed to be cooled to 95–98℃ during the emulsification stage, and emulsification was carried out using boiling deionized water under strong shear at 3000 rpm to obtain a milky white emulsion with a solid content of 30%.

[0050] Examples 1-3:

[0051] Example 1:

[0052] This embodiment provides a dyeing and finishing method for a fiber-reinforced textured fabric, including the following steps:

[0053] Substrate pretreatment and pre-setting:

[0054] 60S / 2 knitted jacquard fabric (66.5% polyester / 19.6% modal / 13.9% spandex) was selected as the base material. After scouring and washing, it was pre-shaped under the following process conditions: temperature 155℃, time 35 seconds, and overfeed rate 10%.

[0055] Preparation of functional finishing working solution:

[0056] Prepare 1000L of working solution at room temperature. The amounts of each component added are as follows:

[0057] Thermosensitive skeleton building agent: 3.0 kg of E-type hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, corresponding to a concentration of 3.0 g / L;

[0058] Amphiphilic interfacial anchoring agent: 15.0 kg of water-soluble polyester copolymer emulsion (concentration 15.0 g / L) prepared in Preparation Example 3.

[0059] Thermally reactive crosslinking agent: 10.0 kg of end-capped aqueous isocyanate (concentration 10.0 g / L, end-capping agent is 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, effective decapping temperature is about 115℃, solid content 40%).

[0060] Ionic humidity-regulating phase change inducer: 3.0 kg anhydrous calcium chloride + 1.0 kg anhydrous sodium acetate;

[0061] pH adjuster: Adjust the pH to 5.5 with an appropriate amount of glacial acetic acid.

[0062] Stir well; the working solution will be a semi-transparent, thin sol.

[0063] Room temperature pad impregnation:

[0064] The process employs a two-dip, two-roll process (corresponding to claim 9), with the liquid yield controlled at 75%, rolling mill pressure at 0.3 MPa, and liquid temperature at 25°C.

[0065] Ion-induced phase transition pre-baking:

[0066] The drying oven temperature was set to 85℃ for 120 seconds. The salting-out effect of calcium chloride was used to reduce the LCST of HPMC, causing it to initially gel on the fiber surface before a large amount of moisture evaporated.

[0067] High-temperature cross-linking baking:

[0068] The setting machine temperature is set to 165℃ for 60 seconds. The end-capping agent is desealed, and a cross-linking reaction occurs to fix the skeleton.

[0069] Cooling and moisture regain:

[0070] After being cooled by cold air, it is equilibrated for 24 hours at 20°C and 65%RH.

[0071] Example 2:

[0072] This embodiment provides a dyeing and finishing method for a fiber-reinforced textured fabric, including the following steps:

[0073] Substrate pretreatment and pre-setting:

[0074] The substrate is the same as above. The pre-designed process is optimized as follows: temperature 160℃, time 30 seconds, overfeed rate 12%.

[0075] Preparation of functional finishing working solution:

[0076] Prepare 1000L of working solution at room temperature. The amounts of each component added are as follows:

[0077] Thermosensitive skeleton building agent: 5.0 kg of E-type hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, corresponding to a concentration of 5.0 g / L;

[0078] Amphiphilic interfacial anchoring agent: 22.0 kg of water-soluble polyester copolymer emulsion prepared in Preparation Example 1;

[0079] Thermally reactive crosslinking agent: 15.0 kg of end-capped aqueous isocyanate (concentration 15.0 g / L, end-capping agent is 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, effective decapping temperature is about 120℃, solid content 40%).

[0080] Ionic humidity-regulating phase change inducer: 5.0 kg anhydrous calcium chloride + 1.8 kg anhydrous sodium acetate;

[0081] pH adjuster: Adjust the pH to 6.0 with an appropriate amount of glacial acetic acid.

[0082] After stirring evenly, the working solution becomes a milky white, stable colloidal dispersion.

[0083] Room temperature pad impregnation:

[0084] The process employs a two-dip, two-roll process, with the liquid yield controlled at 80% and the rolling mill pressure at 0.4 MPa to ensure uniform penetration.

[0085] Ion-induced phase transition pre-baking:

[0086] The drying oven temperature was set to 90℃ for 135 seconds. Under this formulation, the phase change temperature of HPMC was adjusted to approximately 45℃, which, combined with 90℃ hot air, enabled the finishing agent to be instantly locked in situ.

[0087] High-temperature cross-linking baking:

[0088] The temperature of the setting machine is set to 170℃ for 50 seconds, forming a moderately dense semi-interpenetrating network structure.

[0089] Cooling and moisture regain:

[0090] After being cooled by cold air, the product is equilibrated at 25℃ and 65%RH for 24 hours, resulting in a moist and powdery texture.

[0091] Example 3:

[0092] This embodiment provides a dyeing and finishing method for a fiber-reinforced textured fabric, including the following steps:

[0093] Substrate pretreatment and pre-setting:

[0094] The substrate is the same as above. Pre-processing: temperature 160℃, time 40 seconds, overfeed rate 15%.

[0095] Preparation of functional finishing working solution:

[0096] Prepare 1000L of working solution at room temperature. The amounts of each component added are as follows:

[0097] Thermosensitive skeleton building agent: 8.0 kg K-type hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, corresponding to a concentration of 8.0 g / L;

[0098] Amphiphilic interfacial anchoring agent: 30.0 kg of water-soluble polyester copolymer emulsion prepared in Preparation Example 2;

[0099] Thermally reactive crosslinking agent: 20.0 kg of end-capped aqueous isocyanate (concentration 20.0 g / L, end-capping agent is methyl ethyl ketone oxime, effective decapping temperature is about 130℃, solid content 40%).

[0100] Ionic humidity-regulating phase change inducer: 8.0 kg anhydrous calcium chloride + 3.0 kg anhydrous sodium acetate;

[0101] pH adjuster: Adjust the pH to 6.5 with an appropriate amount of glacial acetic acid.

[0102] When stirred evenly, the working solution is a milky white sol with high viscosity.

[0103] Room temperature pad impregnation:

[0104] The process employs a two-dip, two-roll process, with the liquid yield controlled at 85% and the rolling mill pressure at 0.5 MPa.

[0105] Ion-induced phase transition pre-baking:

[0106] The drying oven temperature is set to 95℃ for 150 seconds.

[0107] High-temperature cross-linking baking:

[0108] The setting machine temperature is set to 175℃ for 70 seconds. This ensures the high-concentration crosslinking agent reacts completely, firmly locking in a large amount of hydrophilic components and salts.

[0109] Cooling and moisture regain:

[0110] After being cooled with cold air, the mixture is equilibrated at 25°C and 70%RH for 24 hours. The finished product has a jelly-like bouncy texture and a noticeable cooling sensation.

[0111] Comparative Examples 1-5:

[0112] Comparative Example 1:

[0113] Objective: To directly verify the dual core role of salt in preventing thermal migration and providing a sense of moisture.

[0114] Content: Compared with Example 2, the difference is that no ionic humidity-regulating phase change inducer was added (i.e., no anhydrous calcium chloride and anhydrous sodium acetate were added), and the amount of deionized water was increased accordingly to make up for the volume. The rest of the formulation components and process steps are the same.

[0115] Comparative Example 2:

[0116] Objective: To verify that the salt of this invention is not merely for moisturizing (like glycerin), but more importantly, to induce the HPMC phase transition using the Hofmeister effect. While glycerin can moisturize, it cannot lower the LCST, thus failing to address the migration problem.

[0117] Content: Compared with Example 2, the difference is that the ionic humidity-regulating phase change inducer (5.5 kg calcium chloride + 1.8 kg sodium acetate) is replaced with an equal amount of glycerol (glycerol), while the other formulation components and process steps are the same.

[0118] Comparative Example 3:

[0119] Objective: To verify the importance of HPMC as a physical framework. Without a framework, salt cannot be fixed, and the fabric lacks the support required for jacquard texture.

[0120] Content: Compared with Example 2, the difference is that no thermosensitive skeleton building agent was added, and the amount of deionized water was increased accordingly to make up for the volume. The rest of the formulation components and process steps are the same.

[0121] Comparative Example 4:

[0122] Objective: To verify the necessity of custom synthetic components. Without this anchoring agent, the hydrophilic HPMC / salt system is difficult to bond with the hydrophobic polyester fiber, resulting in poor wash resistance.

[0123] Content: Compared with Example 2, the difference is that no amphiphilic interface anchoring agent (water-soluble polyester copolymer) was added, but instead an equal amount of deionized water was directly replaced. The remaining formulation components and process steps are the same.

[0124] Comparative Example 5:

[0125] Objective: To compare the fiber-soft water film feel of the present invention with the mainstream silicone oil film feel on the market, highlighting the advantages of the present invention in maintaining the three-dimensional texture (not collapsing) and breathability and coolness.

[0126] Content: Compared with Example 2, the difference is that all components (HPMC, component B, crosslinking agent, inducer) in the working solution are replaced with 30g / L of commercially available hydrophilic amino silicone oil softener, the pH is adjusted to 6.0, the ion-induced phase change pre-drying step is cancelled in the process steps (replaced with conventional drying: 100℃, 120 seconds), and the setting conditions are the same.

[0127] Test Examples 1-5:

[0128] Test Item 1: Surface Uniformity and Anti-Migration Test

[0129] Experimental description:

[0130] A spectrophotometer and a standard color matching light box were used for testing. Fabrics from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5, after balancing, were cut to 20cm x 20cm dimensions. Comparative Example 1 was designated as the standard sample, and its CIE value was recorded. Colorimetric value. Five different regions were randomly selected from each sample group for testing, and the total color difference value relative to the standard sample was calculated. The average value was then taken. Simultaneously, a visual rating was performed under standard lighting using the AATCC rating standard to observe whether there were any color spots, streaks, or whitening on the fabric surface. The rating range was 1-5, with 5 indicating no visible differences in appearance.

[0131] Test results:

[0132] Table 1. Test data on surface color difference and uniformity of samples in each group

[0133] Sample number Total color difference ( ) Dispersion (standard deviation) ) Appearance rating (level) Surface condition observation record Example 1 0.32 0.04 4-5 Uniform fabric color Example 2 0.21 0.02 5 Maintains the original fabric color and does not change color. Example 3 0.45 0.06 4-5 Good uniformity, slightly darker color. Comparative Example 1 0.05 0.01 5 reference sample Comparative Example 2 3.12 0.58 2 The surface is irregularly whitish with patches in some areas. Comparative Example 3 2.87 0.43 2-3 Fine white crystals are visible on the surface. Comparative Example 4 0.89 0.12 4 The gloss distribution is slightly uneven. Comparative Example 5 1.43 0.09 4 The overall color deepens, giving it an oily sheen.

[0134] Results analysis:

[0135] Table 1 shows the total color difference values ​​for Examples 1 to 3. All values ​​were controlled below 0.5, with extremely low dispersion, indicating that the finishing agent was evenly distributed inside and outside the fabric. Comparative Example 2 did not contain any ionic moisture-regulating phase change inducer. The pH value rose to 3.12 with a large standard deviation, resulting in a visible whitening effect on the fabric surface. This is because the system lacks salting-out effect regulation, and the low critical dissolution temperature of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose remains unchanged. During hot air drying, the dissolved polymers migrate with the moisture to the evaporation surface and accumulate to form a film.

[0136] The example introduces a calcium chloride and sodium acetate complex system, utilizing the polarization effect of the electrolyte on the water structure to reduce the LCST of the system. During the pre-drying stage, the finishing solution undergoes a sol-gel transition before a large amount of water evaporates, fixing the functional components in situ within the fiber interstices and blocking the thermal migration path.

[0137] Comparative Example 3 lacks a polymer backbone, preventing small molecule salts from being encapsulated by the network. Upon drying, these salts crystallize directly onto the fiber surface, leading to increased color difference and a rougher feel. Comparative Example 5, finished with amino silicone oil, achieved acceptable uniformity but resulted in a significant darkening effect. 1.43) and a glossy finish alter the original optical texture of the fabric. The proposed solutions, while providing functionality to the fabric, maintain its original color and appearance.

[0138] Test Item 2: Texture Three-Dimensional Shape Preservation Test

[0139] Experimental description:

[0140] After balancing, each group of samples was cut into 25mm × 200mm strips, with 5 pieces taken from both the warp and weft directions. An automatic fabric stiffness tester was set with an incline angle of 41.5° and a pusher speed of 0.4cm / s. The extension length of the sample when its front end bent and contacted the incline under its own weight was recorded. A wrinkle recovery angle test was performed according to AATCC 66 standards, and the sum of the warp and weft quick-recovery angles was calculated to characterize the fabric's resilience under pressure. Additionally, five technicians visually evaluated and rated the jacquard texture's three-dimensionality, with a level of 5 indicating a clear texture and intact raised and recessed features, and a level of 1 indicating a flat and blurry texture.

[0141] Test results:

[0142] Table 2. Bending length, wrinkle recovery angle, and three-dimensionality rating data for each group of samples.

[0143] Sample number Meridional bending length (cm) Length of bending resistance in the latitudinal direction (cm) Total angle of rapid rebound (°) 3D perception rating (level) Example 1 4.35 3.92 248 4-5 Example 2 4.52 4.15 261 5 Example 3 4.78 4.38 275 5 Comparative Example 1 4.21 3.84 215 4 Comparative Example 2 5.63 5.21 233 3 Comparative Example 3 3.54 3.18 208 2-3 Comparative Example 4 4.28 3.95 224 4 Comparative Example 5 2.65 2.27 186 2

[0144] Results analysis:

[0145] Table 2 shows that the warp and weft bending lengths of Examples 1 to 3 are slightly increased compared to Comparative Example 1, and the total sum of the springback angles is significantly improved. The cross-linked network formed by hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and isocyanate on the fiber surface and between yarns enhances the dimensional stability of the knitted loop structure and provides physical support for the jacquard texture.

[0146] Comparative Example 5, treated with amino silicone oil, showed a significant reduction in flexural length, a rapid recovery angle of only 186°, and a low three-dimensionality rating. The silicone component significantly reduced the static friction coefficient between fibers, leading to yarn structure relaxation and slippage, causing the jacquard texture to collapse.

[0147] Comparative Example 2 showed the highest flexural length, but this was due to the thermal migration of the finishing agent, forming a hard film layer on the fabric surface. While this surface hardening increased stiffness, it did not create effective internal elastic support, resulting in a minimal increase in the wrinkle recovery angle and a stiff feel. Comparative Example 3 lacked a skeleton-building agent, failing to form a continuous network structure, resulting in a lower flexural length than the blank sample and an inability to maintain the fabric's three-dimensional shape. The embodiment solution, through in-situ cured gel skeleton, effectively maintained the fabric's crispness and three-dimensional texture without causing surface hardening.

[0148] Test Item 3: Overall Evaluation of Fiber-like Touch

[0149] Experimental description:

[0150] Each group of samples underwent 20 standard washing cycles and was dried to evaluate wash resistance. The standard moisture regain of the fabric after equilibration under standard atmospheric conditions was determined using the oven drying method. The contact cooling coefficient was measured using an instrument. The temperature difference between the hot plates was set to 20°C. The coefficient of dynamic friction of the fabric surface was measured using a surface performance tester. Ten trained evaluators conducted blind tactile evaluations in a constant temperature and humidity environment. The scoring dimensions covered moisture feel, softness, and non-greasyness, using a 10-point scale. The higher the score, the closer the tactile feel is to the characteristics of coolness, softness, and powderiness.

[0151] Test results:

[0152] Table 3. Physical indices of moisture absorption and cooling sensation and subjective tactile evaluation data for each group of samples.

[0153] Sample number Initial moisture regain (%) Moisture regain rate (%) after 20 washes Cooling sensation upon contact (W / cm²) Surface friction coefficient (MIU) Subjective tactile rating Example 1 5.82 4.95 0.24 0.16 8.2 Example 2 6.45 5.88 0.29 0.15 9.4 Example 3 7.12 6.64 0.33 0.14 9.1 Comparative Example 1 0.65 0.62 0.12 0.24 2.5 Comparative Example 2 2.31 0.85 0.16 0.21 4 Comparative Example 3 3.54 1.12 0.18 0.26 3.5 Comparative Example 4 6.23 0.94 0.27 0.16 Initial 8.0 / After washing 2.8 Comparative Example 5 0.58 0.55 0.14 0.11 6.5

[0154] Results analysis:

[0155] Table 3 shows that the initial moisture regain of Examples 1 to 3 ranged from 5.82% to 7.12%. The value reaches over 0.24 W / cm². The moisture-absorbing system composed of calcium chloride and sodium acetate effectively captures environmental moisture, keeping the cross-linked and cured hydroxypropyl methylcellulose backbone in a swollen and hydrated state. This high-water-content gel layer improves the thermal conductivity of the fabric and produces a water-lubricating effect, reducing the surface friction coefficient MIU to the range of 0.14-0.16, giving the fabric a moist and powdery feel.

[0156] Washability tests showed that the examples exhibited high moisture regain retention after 20 washes. Comparative Example 4, lacking the amphiphilic interfacial anchoring agent, although initially showing higher moisture regain, experienced a sharp decrease to 0.94% after washing, resulting in a significant drop in tactile feedback. This confirms that water-soluble polyester copolymers, acting as interfacial modifiers, achieve durable adhesion of hydrophilic functions through similar compatibility with polyester fibers and interpenetrating entanglement with the gel network.

[0157] Comparative Example 5, treated with amino silicone oil, had the lowest surface friction coefficient, but its moisture regain was only 0.58%. The values ​​are relatively low. The tactile feel primarily stems from the lubrication of the hydrophobic oil film, exhibiting a dry, slippery, or greasy sensation, lacking the cool, moist characteristics of the examples. Comparative Example 2 lacks a salt-driven moisture absorption mechanism, and Comparative Example 3 lacks a physical framework for support; neither can form a stable hydrated gel layer, resulting in low moisture regain or poor washability. The example solutions, by constructing a stable moisture-absorbing gel network, achieve tactile properties similar to hydrophilic fibers on a hydrophobic polyester substrate.

[0158] Test Item 4: Wash Resistance Test

[0159] Experimental description:

[0160] The washing program was set to Normal / Cotton Durable mode, with a washing temperature of 40±3℃ and an AATCC standard reference detergent. A tumble dry was performed after every 5 wash cycles. Samples were collected after 0, 10, and 30 washes for performance testing. The liquid wicking height was measured over 30 minutes to evaluate the residue of hydrophilic components. The surface resistivity of the fabric was measured at 20℃ and 35%RH to evaluate the retention rate of ionic conductive components and antistatic properties.

[0161] Test results:

[0162] Table 4. Core adsorption height and surface resistivity data of each group of samples after multiple washes

[0163] Sample number Initial wicking height (cm / 30min) Vacuum suction height (cm / 30min) after 10 washes Vacuum suction height (cm / 30min) after 30 washes Initial surface resistivity Surface resistivity after 30 washes Example 1 11.2 10.1 8.4 <![CDATA[4.2×10 8 ]]> <![CDATA[8.6×10 9 ]]> Example 2 12.8 11.9 10.5 <![CDATA[2.1×10 8 ]]> <![CDATA[6.5×10 8 ]]> Example 3 13.5 12.4 11.2 <![CDATA[1.5×10 8 ]]> <![CDATA[4.2×10 8 ]]> Comparative Example 1 2.1 2 1.8 <![CDATA[5.6×10 13 ]]> <![CDATA[6.2×10 13 ]]> Comparative Example 2 9.4 4.2 2.3 <![CDATA[3.4×10 11 ]]> <![CDATA[2.8×10 13 ]]> Comparative Example 3 7.6 1.5 0.5 <![CDATA[6.8×10 8 ]]> <![CDATA[7.1×10 12 ]]> Comparative Example 4 12.1 5.3 0.9 <![CDATA[2.3×10 8 ]]> <![CDATA[4.5×10 13 ]]> Comparative Example 5 0.3 0.2 0.2 <![CDATA[1.2×10 13 ]]> <![CDATA[1.5×10 13 ]]>

[0164] Results analysis:

[0165] Table 4 shows that after 30 washes, the wicking height in Examples 1 to 3 remained above 8.4 cm, and the surface resistivity remained at 10. 8 Up to 10 9 The magnitude indicates that the hydrophilic network and ionic components are resistant to water washing.

[0166] Comparative Example 4, without the addition of an amphiphilic interfacial anchoring agent, had an initial wicking height similar to that of the Example, but after 10 washes, the value dropped to 5.3 cm, and after 30 washes, it dropped to 0.9 cm, with the surface resistivity rising to the insulation range. This indicates that in the absence of an anchoring agent, the hydrophilic finishing agent and the hydrophobic polyester fiber only undergo physical adsorption, resulting in weak bonding and easy detachment during washing.

[0167] The embodiments utilize a water-soluble polyester copolymer as an amphiphilic interfacial anchoring agent, where its hydrophobic segments bond with the polyester substrate and its hydrophilic segments become entangled with the finishing agent's crosslinked network. This interfacial bonding mechanism improves the adhesion of the functional layer to the polyester surface. Comparative Examples 2 and 3, lacking ion induction or skeletal support, exhibited poor film quality, leading to the loss of effective components during the initial washing stage. Comparative Example 5, composed of granulated organosilicon, exhibits hydrophobic and high insulating properties.

[0168] Test Item 5: Comprehensive Physical and Mechanical Performance and Safety Test

[0169] Experimental description:

[0170] Dimensional change rate after washing: Performed according to GB / T8628, GB / T8629 and GB / T8630 standards. Washing program set to 40℃ gentle wash, drying method: hanging to dry. Dimensional change rates in both the vertical and horizontal directions were measured separately.

[0171] Pilling performance: The pilling grade is evaluated based on the pilling tester method or the standard specified method, with a pressure of 780cN and a pilling rotation of 600 times.

[0172] Bursting strength: According to the steel ball method, a steel ball with a diameter of 38±0.02mm is used to puncture the specimen, and the maximum force value is recorded.

[0173] Elastic recovery rate: The elastic recovery performance in the warp and weft directions was measured by using the constant elongation repeated stretching method, setting the tensile load and elongation.

[0174] Ecological safety indicators: determination of formaldehyde content, pH value, odor, and decomposable carcinogenic aromatic amine dyes.

[0175] Test results:

[0176] Table 5. Test data on physical and mechanical properties and safety of samples in each group.

[0177] Sample number Dimensional change rate after washing (vertical / transverse, %) Pilling grade (level) Breaking through the powerful Elastic recovery rate (vertical / lateral, %) Formaldehyde content pH value Example 1 -2.7 / -2.7 4 590 83.2 / 85.3 Not detected 6.1 Example 2 -2.5 / -2.6 4 605 84.1 / 86.0 Not detected 6.3 Example 3 -2.4 / -2.5 4-5 612 85.5 / 87.2 Not detected 6.4 Comparative Example 1 -6.8 / -7.2 2-3 480 72.1 / 75.4 Not detected 6.5 Comparative Example 2 -3.5 / -3.8 3 550 78.5 / 80.1 Not detected 6.2 Comparative Example 3 -4.2 / -4.5 2 525 76.2 / 78.8 Not detected 6 Comparative Example 4 -5.1 / -5.5 3 540 75.8 / 79.2 Not detected 6.1

[0178] Note: "-" indicates contraction; formaldehyde not detected means the content is below the detection limit of 20 mg / kg.

[0179] Results Analysis:

[0180] The data in Table 5 show that the sample from the examples still maintained excellent physical and mechanical properties and dimensional stability after functionalization.

[0181] The actual measured data in the test report corresponding to Example 1 showed that the dimensional change rate in both the vertical and horizontal directions after washing was -2.7%, which is far better than that of the unfinished sample. This indicates that the hydrophilic gel network membrane constructed in this invention plays a supporting role similar to a soft skeleton between fibers. The synergistic effect of the thermally reactive crosslinking agent and the amphiphilic interface anchoring agent limits excessive slippage and shrinkage of fibers in a humid and hot environment, significantly improving the dimensional stability of the fabric.

[0182] In terms of pilling resistance, the examples achieved a grade of 4 or 4-5, which is superior to Comparative Examples 3 and 4. This confirms that the ion-induced phase change technology enables the finishing agent to gel in situ within the yarn, rather than simply depositing on the fabric surface. The gel network encapsulates the fiber monofilaments, reducing hair slippage and entanglement, thereby improving pilling resistance.

[0183] The elastic recovery rate data shows that the formed cross-linked network has good flexibility, does not become rigid and brittle, and does not hinder the rebound of the spandex fibers. In contrast, although Comparative Example 1 has acceptable elasticity, its recovery rate after multiple stretchings is lower than that of the Example, indicating that the gel network has a certain memory-assisted function for the yarn structure.

[0184] Furthermore, formaldehyde content was not detected in any of the embodiments, pH values ​​were between 6.0 and 6.5, and no odor or carcinogenic aromatic amines were detected, meeting the safety standards for direct skin contact. This indicates that the reaction system of the present invention is green and environmentally friendly, the cross-linking reaction is complete, and there are no harmful residues.

Claims

1. A fiber-soft textured fabric, characterized in that, Includes a substrate fabric and a hydrophilic gel network film attached to the fiber surface of the substrate fabric by a padding and baking process; The base material is a jacquard knitted fabric made of polyester fiber, modal fiber and spandex fiber; The hydrophilic gel network membrane is formed by ion-induced phase transition and cross-linking curing of a finishing working solution. The active components of the finishing working solution include: a thermosensitive framework building agent, an amphiphilic interface anchoring agent, a thermally reactive cross-linking agent, and an ionic humidity-regulating phase transition inducing agent. The thermosensitive skeleton building agent is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose with low critical dissolution temperature characteristics; The amphiphilic interface anchoring agent is a water-soluble polyester copolymer containing polyethylene glycol segments; the thermally reactive crosslinking agent is an end-capped waterborne isocyanate. The ionic humidity-regulating phase change inducer is a combination of anhydrous calcium chloride and anhydrous sodium acetate.

2. The fiber-reinforced textured fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amphiphilic interface anchoring agent is polymerized from raw materials comprising the following monomers: Dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol with a number average molecular weight of 1500-4000; The anhydrous calcium chloride and the anhydrous sodium acetate form an interpenetrating structure of microcrystalline and polymeric networks in the hydrophilic gel network membrane.

3. The fiber-reinforced textured fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the substrate fabric, the polyester fiber is a combed long-staple cotton-feel polyester yarn of 60S / 2 to 80S / 2. The substrate fabric has a single-sided jacquard weave structure with float yarn characteristics, and the dynamic friction coefficient (MIU) of the fabric surface is 0.14 to 0.

16.

4. The fiber-reinforced textured fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydroxypropyl methylcellulose of the thermosensitive skeleton building agent is of type E or type K, and its 2% aqueous solution has a viscosity of 5-50 mPa·s. The capping agent for the terminated aqueous isocyanate is 3,5-dimethylpyrazole or butanone oxime, and the decapping temperature is 110–130°C.

5. The fiber-reinforced textured fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermally textured fabric has a cooling coefficient upon contact. The surface resistivity is greater than or equal to 0.24 W / cm², and less than 1.0 × 10⁻⁶ after 30 standard water washes. 9 Ω.

6. A dyeing and finishing method for a fiber-reinforced textured fabric, characterized in that, The preparation of the fiber-reinforced textured fabric as described in any one of claims 1-5 comprises the following steps: S1. Provide jacquard knitted fabric made of polyester fiber, modal fiber and spandex fiber, which is pre-shaped after scouring, dyeing and washing; S2. Prepare the finishing working solution by dissolving and dispersing the thermosensitive framework building agent, amphiphilic interface anchoring agent, thermally reactive crosslinking agent, ionic humidity-regulating phase change inducer and pH adjuster in water. S3. The pre-shaped fabric is immersed in the finishing solution, and the liquid retention rate is controlled so that the finishing solution is absorbed inside and outside the fabric fibers. S4. Perform ion-induced phase change pre-drying, using ionic humidity-regulating phase change inducing agent to lower the phase change temperature of heat-sensitive skeleton building agent, so that it gels in situ on the fiber surface. S5. Perform high-temperature cross-linking baking to deseal the thermally reactive cross-linking agent and allow it to cross-link with the heat-sensitive skeleton building agent and the amphiphilic interface anchoring agent; S6. Cool and place in a constant temperature and humidity environment for rehydration and equilibrium.

7. The dyeing and finishing method for a fiber-reinforced textured fabric according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S2, the concentration of each component in the finishing working solution, calculated per liter of working solution, is as follows: The thermosensitive framework building agent: 3.0–8.0 g / L; The amphiphilic interface anchoring agent has a concentration of 15.0–30.0 g / L. The thermally reactive crosslinking agent: 10.0–20.0 g / L; The ionic humidity-regulating phase change inducer consists of anhydrous calcium chloride 3.0–8.0 g / L and anhydrous sodium acetate 1.0–3.0 g / L. The pH adjuster adjusts the pH value to 5.5–6.

5.

8. The dyeing and finishing method for a fiber-reinforced textured fabric according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S4, the temperature of the ion-induced phase transition pre-baking is 85-95°C and the time is 120-150 seconds. In step S5, the temperature of the high-temperature cross-linking baking is 165-175°C, and the time is 50-70 seconds.

9. The dyeing and finishing method for a fiber-reinforced textured fabric according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S1, the predetermined process conditions are: temperature 155-160℃, time 30-40 seconds, and overfeed rate 10%-15%. In step S3, a two-dip and two-rolling process is adopted, with a rolling mill pressure of 0.3 to 0.5 MPa and a liquid carryover rate of 75% to 85%.

10. The dyeing and finishing method for a fiber-reinforced textured fabric according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S2, the dyeing and finishing method of the amphiphilic interface anchoring agent includes: performing an ester exchange reaction of dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol at 180-220°C in the presence of an ester exchange catalyst, followed by a polycondensation reaction under vacuum at 240-260°C, and the resulting copolymer is melt-dispersed to obtain an aqueous emulsion with a solid content of 30%.