Wet response directional self-cleaning down-proof fabric, preparation method thereof and down product

Abstract

The invention provides a wet response directional self-cleaning down-proof fabric, a preparation method thereof and a down feather product, the preparation method of the wet response directional self-cleaning down-proof fabric comprises the following steps: S1, adding polyester polyurethane and microcapsules into an organic solvent to obtain a spinning solution; the microcapsule comprises a photocatalyst and a shell layer wrapping the photocatalyst, the shell layer comprises a component A and a component B, the component A comprises at least one of gelatin, Arabic gum, carrageenan and starch, and the component B comprises calcium alginate; s2, a knitted fabric serves as a receiving substrate, the spinning solution is subjected to electrostatic spinning, drying and hot pressing, the knitted fabric contains cellulose fibers, and the mass percentage content of the cellulose fibers in the knitted fabric is larger than 50%. The down-proof fabric capable of conducting moisture in one direction can be prepared, moisture of a quilt is accumulated on one side of the nanofibers in the using process, the self-cleaning function is triggered in the moisture accumulation state, and the down-proof fabric has the advantages of being breathable and soft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of textile technology, and in particular to a wet-responsive directional self-cleaning down-proof fabric, its preparation method, and down products thereof. Background Technology

[0002] Down comforters have the advantages of being lightweight, soft, pressure-free, warm, and durable.

[0003] To meet the requirements for down-proofness, coated fabrics are usually used. However, coated fabrics have poor breathability, resulting in poor breathability of down comforters. Sweat cannot be released in time, easily creating a damp environment. With long-term use, bacteria and other microorganisms can grow, producing odors. In addition, down comforters are bulky and inconvenient to clean, and people rarely clean them, making cleaning a problem for daily maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a wet-responsive directional self-cleaning downproof fabric, its preparation method, and down products to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] This invention provides a method for preparing a moisture-responsive directional self-cleaning downproof fabric, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Add polyester-type polyurethane and microcapsules to an organic solvent to obtain a spinning solution; the microcapsules include a photocatalyst and a shell encapsulating the photocatalyst, the shell includes component A and component B, component A includes at least one of gelatin, gum arabic, carrageenan and starch, and component B includes calcium alginate; S2. Using a knitted fabric as the receiving substrate, the spinning solution is electrospun, dried, and hot-pressed to obtain the wet-response oriented self-cleaning anti-fleece fabric, wherein the knitted fabric contains cellulose fibers, and the mass percentage of cellulose fibers in the knitted fabric is greater than 50%.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the organic solvent includes at least one of N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, tetrahydrofuran, and ethyl acetate.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of microcapsules in the spinning solution in step S1 is 1.5%-2.5%, preferably 1.8%-2.5%.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the mass ratio of the polyester polyurethane to the microcapsules is 5-10:1.5-2.5, preferably 6-10:1.8-2.5.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the particle size of the microcapsules is less than or equal to 100 nm.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, during the electrospinning process, the aperture of the needle used is 0.5mm-1.0mm, preferably 0.6mm-1.0mm.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, during the electrospinning process in step S2, the temperature is 35℃-45℃, preferably 38℃-45℃; the relative humidity is 35%RH-45%RH, preferably 38%RH-45%RH; the voltage is 50V-60V, preferably 55V-60V; and the receiving distance is 20cm-25cm, preferably 22cm-25cm.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the knitted fabric is ultrasonically pretreated and then used as a receiving substrate for electrospinning the spinning solution.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the drying temperature is 55℃-65℃, preferably 60℃-65℃.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, during the hot pressing process in step S2, the temperature is 150℃-160℃, preferably 155℃-160℃; the pressure is 1.5MPa-3MPa, preferably 2MPa-3MPa; and the hot pressing time is 140s-160s, preferably 145s-155s.

[0016] The present invention also provides a wet-responsive directional self-cleaning downproof fabric prepared according to the method described above.

[0017] The present invention also provides a down product comprising the wet-responsive directional self-cleaning down-proof fabric as described above.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: In this invention, a nanofiber membrane formed by electrospinning a spinning solution composed of polyester-type polyurethane and microcapsules is attached to the surface of a knitted fabric to form a composite fabric. The hydrophobic polyester-type polyurethane in the nanofiber membrane and the highly absorbent knitted fabric (with a cellulose fiber content greater than 50% by mass) create a wetting gradient. This gradient allows sweat to be transferred unidirectionally (i.e., this wetting gradient endows the composite fabric with unidirectional moisture-wicking function), alleviating stuffiness, improving the comfort of the composite fabric, and facilitating moisture accumulation on one side of the nanofiber membrane. Secondly, the nanofiber membrane prevents down from escaping, giving the composite fabric down-proof properties. Furthermore, when excessive moisture accumulates in the fabric, the calcium alginate in the corresponding area absorbs water and swells, promoting the release of photocatalysts. This, in turn, achieves self-cleaning and antibacterial effects in that area through the photocatalytic properties of the photocatalyst. In addition, applying these microcapsules to textiles allows the release of photocatalysts only in soiled areas, rather than throughout the entire fabric, avoiding damage to the fabric caused by the photocatalytic properties of the photocatalyst and extending the lifespan of the textiles made from this fabric. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a wet-responsive directional self-cleaning downproof fabric, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Add polyester-type polyurethane and microcapsules to an organic solvent to obtain a spinning solution; the microcapsules include a photocatalyst and a shell encapsulating the photocatalyst, the shell includes component A and component B, component A includes at least one of gelatin, gum arabic, carrageenan and starch, and component B includes calcium alginate. S2. Using knitted fabric as the receiving substrate, electrospinning, drying, and hot pressing are performed on the spinning solution to obtain a wet-responsive directional self-cleaning anti-fleece fabric. The knitted fabric contains cellulose fibers, and the mass percentage of cellulose fibers in the knitted fabric is greater than 50%.

[0021] In this invention, a nanofiber membrane formed by electrospinning a spinning solution composed of polyester-type polyurethane and microcapsules is attached to the surface of a knitted fabric to form a composite fabric. The hydrophobic polyester-type polyurethane in the nanofiber membrane and the highly absorbent knitted fabric (with a cellulose fiber content greater than 50% by mass) create a wetting gradient. This gradient allows sweat to be transferred unidirectionally (i.e., this wetting gradient endows the composite fabric with unidirectional moisture-wicking function), alleviating stuffiness, improving the comfort of the composite fabric, and facilitating moisture accumulation on one side of the nanofiber membrane. Secondly, the nanofiber membrane prevents down from escaping, giving the composite fabric down-proof properties. Furthermore, when excessive moisture accumulates in the fabric, the calcium alginate in the corresponding area absorbs water and swells, promoting the release of photocatalysts. This, in turn, achieves self-cleaning and antibacterial effects in that area through the photocatalytic properties of the photocatalyst. In addition, applying these microcapsules to textiles allows the release of photocatalysts only in soiled areas, rather than throughout the entire fabric, avoiding damage to the fabric caused by the photocatalytic properties of the photocatalyst and extending the lifespan of the textiles made from this fabric.

[0022] It should be noted that in this invention, the dirt must be water or a water-containing substance to have a cleaning and antibacterial effect, but the type of dirt is not limited to this.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the organic solvent includes at least one selected from N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, tetrahydrofuran, and ethyl acetate. In the spinning solution, the concentration of microcapsules is 1.5%-2.5%, preferably 1.8%-2.5%. The mass ratio of polyester-type polyurethane to microcapsules is 5-10:1.5-2.5, preferably 6-10:1.8-2.5. The particle size of the microcapsules is less than or equal to 100 nm. The particle size of the photocatalyst is 10-80 nm, preferably 30-80 nm. There are no restrictions on the type of cellulose fiber, such as cotton fiber, lyocell fiber, modal fiber, viscose fiber, etc. The preparation process of the microcapsules includes the following steps: adding component A and sodium alginate to water, followed by adding the photocatalyst, dispersing evenly to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture dropwise to a calcium salt solution for crosslinking reaction, centrifuging, drying the resulting precipitate, and then performing airflow classification. The mass ratio of component A to water is 1.5-2.0:100, and the mass ratio of component A to sodium alginate is 1.5-2.0:0.5-1.5. The mass ratio of photocatalyst to component A is 0.3-1.15:1.5-2.0. There are no restrictions on the type of photocatalyst; it can be nano-titanium dioxide, nano-zinc oxide, etc. The mass ratio of calcium salt to the first component is 3.0-6.0:1.5-2.0. The crosslinking reaction is carried out at room temperature for 30-60 minutes. The drying temperature is 50℃-60℃.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, during the electrospinning process, the aperture of the needle used is 0.5mm-1.0mm, preferably 0.6mm-1.0mm. During the electrospinning process, the temperature is 35℃-45℃, preferably 38℃-45℃; the relative humidity is 35%RH-45%RH, preferably 38%RH-45%RH; the voltage is 50V-60V, preferably 55V-60V; and the receiving distance is 20cm-25cm, preferably 22cm-25cm. After ultrasonic pretreatment of the knitted fabric, it is used as the receiving substrate for electrospinning the spinning solution. Specifically, a mixture of anhydrous ethanol and water can be used for ultrasonic pretreatment of the knitted fabric. The volume ratio of anhydrous ethanol to water is 3:10-1:10, preferably 2:10. Ultrasonic pretreatment can effectively remove residual oils and other processing aids from the fabric surface, avoiding interference with the subsequent adhesion of the nanofiber membrane. The drying temperature is 55℃-65℃, preferably 60℃-65℃. During the hot pressing process, the temperature is 150℃-160℃, preferably 155℃-160℃; the pressure is 1.5MPa-3MPa, preferably 2MPa-3MPa; and the hot pressing time is 140s-160s, preferably 145s-155s.

[0025] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a wet-responsive directional self-cleaning downproof fabric prepared according to the method described above.

[0026] It should be noted that, in this invention, the wet-responsive directional self-cleaning downproof fabric can be made into downproof linings for down products.

[0027] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a down product comprising the wet-responsive directional self-cleaning down-proof fabric as described above.

[0028] It should be noted that there are no restrictions on the types of down products; for example, it can include down jackets, down comforters, etc.

[0029] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0030] Example 1 S1.1 Add sodium alginate (sodium alginate to water mass ratio of 1.8:100) and gelatin (gelatin to water mass ratio of 0.9:100) to 55℃ warm water, stir to dissolve, and sonicate to degas for 16 min to obtain sodium alginate-gelatin mixture; S1.2 Add nano-titanium dioxide with a particle size of 50nm to the sodium alginate-gelatin mixture. The mass ratio of nano-titanium dioxide to sodium alginate is 0.6:1.8. Disperse the mixture by ultrasonication for 16min to obtain a nano-titanium dioxide-sodium alginate-gelatin blend. Within 30 minutes, the nano-titanium dioxide-sodium alginate-gelatin blend was added dropwise to a 3% calcium chloride solution using a dropper. The mass ratio of calcium chloride to sodium alginate was 5.0:1.8. The cross-linking reaction was carried out under magnetic stirring for 50 minutes. After centrifugation, the precipitate was collected and dried under vacuum at 54°C. Subsequently, air classification was performed to obtain microcapsules with a particle size of less than or equal to 100 nm. S2.1 Polyester-type polyurethane (model S60A) and microcapsules are added sequentially to N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) at a mass ratio of 8:1.8. The mixture is ultrasonically vibrated for 1 hour to ensure uniform mixing, resulting in a spinning solution with a microcapsule concentration of 1.8%. S2.2 The cotton fiber knitted fabric is ultrasonically treated with a mixture of anhydrous ethanol and water in a volume ratio of 2:10 to obtain a pretreated fabric. S2.3 Using the pretreated fabric as the receiving substrate, electrospinning is performed on the spinning solution. During the electrospinning process, the temperature is 40℃, the relative humidity is 40%RH, the voltage is 54V, the receiving distance is 23cm, and the aperture of the needle used is 0.8mm. The spinning solution forms a nanofiber film on the surface of the pretreated fabric to obtain the coated fabric. S2.4 The coated fabric is placed in an oven and dried at 60°C until the solvent is completely evaporated. Then it is hot-pressed at 155°C and 2.0MPa for 150s to obtain the composite fabric.

[0031] Example 2 S1.1 Add sodium alginate (sodium alginate to water mass ratio of 2.0:100) and gelatin (gelatin to water mass ratio of 0.5:100) to 50℃ warm water, stir to dissolve, and sonicate to degas for 20 min to obtain sodium alginate-gelatin mixture; S1.2 Add nano-titanium dioxide with a particle size of 10 nm to the sodium alginate-gelatin mixture. The mass ratio of nano-titanium dioxide to sodium alginate is 0.3:2.0. Disperse the mixture by ultrasonication for 20 min to obtain a nano-titanium dioxide-sodium alginate-gelatin blend. Within 30 minutes, the nano-titanium dioxide-sodium alginate-gelatin blend was added dropwise to a 5% calcium chloride solution using a dropper. The mass ratio of calcium chloride to sodium alginate was 3.0:2.0. The cross-linking reaction was carried out under magnetic stirring for 30 minutes. After centrifugation, the precipitate was collected and dried under vacuum at 60°C. Subsequently, air classification was performed to obtain microcapsules with a particle size of less than or equal to 100 nm. S2.1 Polyester-type polyurethane (model S60A) and microcapsules are added sequentially to N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). The mass ratio of polyester-type polyurethane to microcapsules is 10:1.5. The mixture is ultrasonically vibrated for 1 hour to ensure uniform mixing, resulting in a spinning solution with a microcapsule concentration of 1.5%. S2.2 The cotton fiber knitted fabric is ultrasonically treated with a mixture of anhydrous ethanol and water in a volume ratio of 2:10 to obtain a pretreated fabric. S2.3 Using the pretreated fabric as the receiving substrate, electrospinning is performed on the spinning solution. During the electrospinning process, the temperature is 35℃, the relative humidity is 45%RH, the voltage is 50V, the receiving distance is 25cm, and the aperture of the needle used is 0.8mm. The spinning solution forms a nanofiber film on the surface of the pretreated fabric to obtain the coated fabric. S2.4 The coated fabric is placed in an oven and dried at 65°C until the solvent is completely evaporated. Then it is hot-pressed at 150°C and 3MPa for 160s to obtain the composite fabric.

[0032] Example 3 S1.1 Add sodium alginate (sodium alginate to water mass ratio of 1.5:100) and gelatin (gelatin to water mass ratio of 1.5:100) to 65℃ warm water, stir to dissolve, and sonicate to degas for 10 min to obtain sodium alginate-gelatin mixture; S1.2 Add nano-titanium dioxide with a particle size of 80nm to the sodium alginate-gelatin mixture. The mass ratio of nano-titanium dioxide to sodium alginate is 1.15:1.5. Disperse the mixture by ultrasonication for 10min to obtain a nano-titanium dioxide-sodium alginate-gelatin blend. Within 30 minutes, the nano-titanium dioxide-sodium alginate-gelatin blend was added dropwise to a 2% calcium chloride solution using a dropper. The mass ratio of calcium chloride to sodium alginate was 6.0:1.5. The cross-linking reaction was carried out under magnetic stirring for 60 minutes. After centrifugation, the precipitate was collected and dried under vacuum at 50°C. Subsequently, air classification was performed to obtain microcapsules with a particle size of less than or equal to 100 nm. S2.1 Polyester-type polyurethane (model S60A) and microcapsules are added sequentially to N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) at a mass ratio of 5:2.5. The mixture is ultrasonically vibrated for 1 hour to ensure uniform mixing, resulting in a spinning solution with a microcapsule concentration of 2.5%. S2.2 The cotton fiber knitted fabric is ultrasonically treated with a mixture of anhydrous ethanol and water in a volume ratio of 2:10 to obtain a pretreated fabric. S2.3 Using the pretreated fabric as the receiving substrate, electrospinning is performed on the spinning solution. During the electrospinning process, the temperature is 45℃, the relative humidity is 35%RH, the voltage is 60V, the receiving distance is 20cm, and the aperture of the needle used is 0.8mm. The spinning solution forms a nanofiber film on the surface of the pretreated fabric to obtain the coated fabric. S2.4 The coated fabric is placed in an oven and dried at 55°C until the solvent is completely evaporated. Then it is hot-pressed at 160°C and 1.5MPa for 140s to obtain the composite fabric.

[0033] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that anionic waterborne polyurethane (model WPU-835N) is used instead of polyester polyurethane (model S60A).

[0034] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that polyester fiber knitted fabric is used instead of cotton fiber knitted fabric.

[0035] Comparative Example 3 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that ethyl cellulose is used instead of sodium alginate.

[0036] test The photocatalytic antibacterial properties of the wet-response oriented self-cleaning downproof fabrics prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested according to GB / T 20944.3-2008 Evaluation of antibacterial properties of textiles - Part 3: Oscillation method. Four groups of test conditions were set for each sample, as follows: Group 1 (Light + Humidity): Place a bottom humidifier on one side of the sample to be tested, cover the humidifier with fabric, humidify for 60 minutes to simulate the humid environment of a bed, and expose it to light during this process; Group 2 (Dark Room + Humidity): The difference between Group 2 and Group 1 is that the test is conducted indoors with the curtains drawn to block out light. Group 3 (Light + No Humidity): The difference between Group 3 and Group 1 is that no humidifier was placed; Group 4 (Dark Room + No Dehumidity): The difference between Group 4 and Group 3 is that the test is conducted indoors with the curtains drawn to block out light. The results of the photocatalytic antibacterial performance test are shown in Table 1; The air permeability of the wet-response directional self-cleaning downproof fabric prepared in Example 1 was tested according to GB / T 5453-1997 Textiles - Determination of air permeability of fabrics. The results are shown in Table 2. The wet-responsive directional self-cleaning downproof fabric obtained in Example 1 was processed into a down comforter. The downproofness of the down comforter was tested according to "QB / T 1193-2023 Down and Feather Comforters" (the downproofness is reflected by the number of down fibers). The results are shown in Table 2.

[0037] Table 1 Results of antibacterial rate test

[0038] Table 2 Results of breathability and downproofness tests

[0039] As shown in Table 1, compared with Comparative Examples 1-3, under humid conditions, the antibacterial rate (light exposure) of the moisture-responsive directional self-cleaning downproof fabric prepared in Example 1 against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was significantly improved. This result indicates that in this invention, a nanofiber membrane formed by electrospinning a spinning solution composed of polyester polyurethane and microcapsules adheres to the surface of a knitted fabric to form a composite fabric. The hydrophobic polyester polyurethane in the nanofiber membrane and the knitted fabric with good water absorption (the mass percentage of cellulose fiber in the knitted fabric is greater than 50%) can form a wetting gradient. This wetting gradient allows sweat to be transferred only in one direction (i.e., this wetting gradient can give the composite fabric a unidirectional moisture-wicking function), alleviating stuffiness, improving the comfort of the composite fabric, and helping moisture accumulate on one side of the nanofiber membrane. When excessive moisture accumulates in the fabric, the calcium alginate in the corresponding area absorbs water and swells, promoting the release of photocatalysts. This, in turn, achieves a self-cleaning and antibacterial effect in that area through the photocatalytic properties of the photocatalysts. Furthermore, applying these microcapsules to textiles allows for the release of photocatalysts only in soiled areas, rather than throughout the fabric. This avoids damage to the fabric caused by the photocatalytic properties of the photocatalyst, extending the lifespan of the textiles made from it. When a localized area of ​​the composite fabric becomes soiled, the calcium alginate in that area absorbs water and swells, promoting the release of the photocatalyst. This, in turn, enables the self-cleaning and antibacterial effects of the affected area through the photocatalytic properties of the photocatalyst.

[0040] As shown in Table 2, the composite fabric prepared in Example 1 has less than 12 down feathers. This result indicates that in this invention, the nanofiber membrane can prevent down feathers from escaping, thus giving the composite fabric down-proof properties.

[0041] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a wet-responsive directional self-cleaning downproof fabric, characterized in that, The preparation method of the moisture-responsive directional self-cleaning composite fabric includes the following steps: S1. Add polyester-type polyurethane and microcapsules to an organic solvent to obtain a spinning solution; the microcapsules include a photocatalyst and a shell encapsulating the photocatalyst, the shell includes component A and component B, component A includes at least one of gelatin, gum arabic, carrageenan and starch, and component B includes calcium alginate; S2. Using a knitted fabric as the receiving substrate, the spinning solution is electrospun, dried, and hot-pressed to obtain the wet-response oriented self-cleaning anti-fleece fabric; the knitted fabric contains cellulose fibers, and the mass percentage of cellulose fibers in the knitted fabric is greater than 50%.

2. The method for preparing the wet-responsive directional self-cleaning downproof fabric as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the organic solvent includes at least one of N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, tetrahydrofuran, and ethyl acetate.

3. The method for preparing the wet-responsive directional self-cleaning downproof fabric as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the spinning solution described in step S1, the concentration of microcapsules is 1.5%-2.5%.

4. The method for preparing the wet-responsive directional self-cleaning downproof fabric as described in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, In step S1, the mass ratio of the polyester polyurethane to the microcapsules is 5-10:1.5-2.

5.

5. The method for preparing the wet-responsive directional self-cleaning downproof fabric as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the particle size of the microcapsules is less than or equal to 100 nm.

6. The method for preparing the wet-responsive directional self-cleaning downproof fabric as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the needle used in the electrospinning process has an aperture of 0.5mm-1.0mm. And / or, during the electrospinning process described in step S2, the temperature is 35℃-45℃, the relative humidity is 35%RH-45%RH, the voltage is 50V-60V, and the receiving distance is 20cm-25cm.

7. The method for preparing the wet-responsive directional self-cleaning downproof fabric as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the knitted fabric is ultrasonically pretreated and then used as a receiving substrate for electrospinning the spinning solution.

8. The method for preparing the wet-responsive directional self-cleaning downproof fabric as described in claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, In step S2, the drying temperature is 55℃-65℃; And / or, during the hot pressing process in step S2, the temperature is 150℃-160℃, the pressure is 1.5MPa-3MPa, and the hot pressing time is 140s-160s.

9. A wet-responsive directional self-cleaning downproof fabric prepared according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. A down product, characterized in that, The down product includes the wet-responsive directional self-cleaning downproof fabric as described in claim 9.

Images