Backlight display system, application method and related product

Abstract

The invention discloses a backlight display system, an application method and a related product, and is characterized in that the backlight display system comprises a backlight layer, a metasurface micro-nano structure layer and a liquid crystal display layer; the backlight layer is used for providing a red light source, a green light source and a blue light source; the super-surface micro-nano structure layer is arranged between the backlight layer and the liquid crystal display layer and used for spatially separating a red light source, a green light source and a blue light source emitted by the backlight layer according to wavelengths and guiding the red light source, the green light source and the blue light source to a corresponding red sub-pixel area, a corresponding green sub-pixel area and a corresponding blue sub-pixel area in the liquid crystal display layer; and the liquid crystal display layer is used for regulating and controlling the light transmittance of the red sub-pixel region, the green sub-pixel region and the blue sub-pixel region so as to realize image display. Therefore, the optical utilization rate can be remarkably improved, the liquid crystal display brightness is further improved, the system power consumption is reduced, and meanwhile the high-precision color display capacity is kept.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical technology, and in particular to a backlight display system, application method and related products. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid crystal display (LCD) technology is widely used in televisions, monitors, and automotive displays due to its high maturity and stability. During the LCD display process, a backlight system is required to provide the light source needed for the display, and its optical efficiency directly affects the brightness, power consumption, and heat generation of the LCD. With the development of high-resolution and high dynamic range display technologies, higher demands are placed on the brightness and energy efficiency of LCDs. The light energy utilization efficiency of the backlight system has become one of the key technical factors restricting the improvement of LCD performance.

[0003] Currently, existing technologies generally use blue Mini LEDs combined with quantum dot color conversion films to form white backlight, and then achieve color display through a color filter layer. However, because the color filter layer uses absorption-based color selection, that is, only the light corresponding to the color filter layer is allowed to pass through, only about 30% of the light energy of the white backlight is effectively transmitted when it passes through the color filter layer, and the rest of the light energy is absorbed and converted into heat, resulting in low overall optical utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a backlight display system, application method, and related products that can improve the brightness of liquid crystal displays and reduce system power consumption while maintaining high-precision color display capabilities.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a backlight display system, the backlight display system comprising a backlight layer, a metasurface micro / nano structure layer, and a liquid crystal display layer; The backlight layer is used to provide red light source, green light source and blue light source; The metasurface micro / nano structure layer is disposed between the backlight layer and the liquid crystal display layer, and is used to spatially separate the red light source, green light source and blue light source emitted by the backlight layer according to wavelength, and guide them to the corresponding red sub-pixel region, green sub-pixel region and blue sub-pixel region in the liquid crystal display layer. The liquid crystal display layer is used to adjust the light transmittance of the red sub-pixel region, the green sub-pixel region, and the blue sub-pixel region to achieve image display.

[0006] In one feasible implementation, the liquid crystal display layer includes a liquid crystal modulation layer disposed above the metasurface micro / nano structure layer, and the liquid crystal modulation layer includes a layer of liquid crystal molecules. The liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal modulation layer are used to regulate the transmittance of the red sub-pixel region, the green sub-pixel region, and the blue sub-pixel region, so that the red emitted light from the metasurface micro-nano structure layer based on the red light source passes through the red sub-pixel region, the green emitted light from the metasurface micro-nano structure layer based on the green light source passes through the green sub-pixel region, and the blue emitted light from the metasurface micro-nano structure layer based on the blue light source passes through the blue sub-pixel region.

[0007] One feasible implementation is that the metasurface micro / nanostructure layer includes a plurality of micro / nanostructure units, which are arranged in an array; Each of the aforementioned micro / nano structure units is used to perform directional light-guiding modulation on the red, green, and blue light sources emitted by the backlight layer, respectively.

[0008] One possible implementation is that the liquid crystal display layer includes a plurality of pixels, each of the pixels including the red sub-pixel region, the green sub-pixel region and the blue sub-pixel region.

[0009] One feasible implementation of the system further includes a light-diffusing plate; The light homogenizer is disposed between the backlight layer and the metasurface micro / nano structure layer to homogenize the light intensity distribution of the red light source emitted by the backlight layer, homogenize the light intensity distribution of the green light source emitted by the backlight layer, and homogenize the light intensity distribution of the blue light source emitted by the backlight layer.

[0010] One possible implementation is that the backlight layer includes a red backlight unit, a green backlight unit, and a blue backlight unit; The red backlight unit is used to generate the red light source, the green backlight unit is used to generate the green light source, and the blue backlight unit is used to generate the blue light source.

[0011] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an application method for a backlight display system, applied to the backlight display system described in any one of the first aspects, comprising: The backlight layer in the backlight display system provides red, green, and blue light sources. Through the metasurface micro / nano structure layer in the backlight display system, the red, green, and blue light sources emitted by the backlight layer are spatially separated according to wavelength and guided to the corresponding red, green, and blue sub-pixel regions in the liquid crystal display layer. By adjusting the light transmittance of the red sub-pixel region, the green sub-pixel region, and the blue sub-pixel region through the liquid crystal display layer in the backlight display system, image display can be achieved.

[0012] One feasible implementation is that the liquid crystal display layer includes a liquid crystal modulation layer, wherein the liquid crystal modulation layer includes a layer of liquid crystal molecules; The step of controlling the light transmittance of the red sub-pixel region, the green sub-pixel region, and the blue sub-pixel region through the liquid crystal display layer in the backlight display system includes: By controlling the light transmittance of the red sub-pixel region, the green sub-pixel region, and the blue sub-pixel region through the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal modulation layer, the red emitted light from the metasurface micro / nano structure layer based on the red light source passes through the red sub-pixel region, the green emitted light from the metasurface micro / nano structure layer based on the green light source passes through the green sub-pixel region, and the blue emitted light from the metasurface micro / nano structure layer based on the blue light source passes through the blue sub-pixel region.

[0013] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, the device including: a processor, a memory, and a system bus; The processor and the memory are connected via the system bus; The memory is used to store a program, the program including instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform any of the implementation steps of the application method of the backlight display system described above.

[0014] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which, when executed by a terminal device, implements any of the implementation steps of the application method of the backlight display system described above.

[0015] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the embodiments of this application have the following advantages: As can be seen from the above technical solution, the present invention provides a backlight display system comprising a backlight layer, a metasurface micro / nano structure layer, and a liquid crystal display layer; the backlight layer is used to provide red, green, and blue light sources; the metasurface micro / nano structure layer is disposed between the backlight layer and the liquid crystal display layer, and is used to spatially separate the red, green, and blue light sources emitted by the backlight layer according to their wavelengths, and guide them to the corresponding red, green, and blue sub-pixel regions in the liquid crystal display layer; the liquid crystal display layer is used to adjust the transmittance of the red, green, and blue sub-pixel regions to achieve image display.

[0016] As can be seen, the backlight layer in this application directly provides red, green, and blue light sources, fundamentally avoiding the energy loss caused by existing quantum dot color conversion methods. Simultaneously, the red, green, and blue light sources emitted by the backlight layer are spatially separated according to wavelength through a metasurface micro / nano structure layer and precisely guided to the corresponding red, green, and blue sub-pixel regions in the liquid crystal modulation layer, thereby significantly improving optical utilization. Compared to existing technologies, this solution can increase the backlight utilization rate from 30% to 90%, thereby improving the brightness of the liquid crystal display, reducing system power consumption, and maintaining high-precision color display capabilities. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conventional backlight display system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a backlight display system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the orientation modulation of a metasurface micro / nano structure layer provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a field sequence display provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is another structural schematic diagram of a backlight display system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application method of a backlight display system provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Before starting the embodiments of this application, in order to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of this application, the technical terms involved in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail first.

[0019] Liquid Crystal Display (LCD): A non-self-emissive display technology that uses the anisotropic optical transmission control effect of liquid crystal materials to achieve display. It mainly includes a backlight layer, a light-diffusing layer, a liquid crystal modulation layer, a color filter layer, and a protective layer.

[0020] Mini LED: A backlight technology using light-emitting diodes with a chip size between 100μm and 300μm, falling between the size of traditional LEDs (greater than 300μm) and Micro LEDs (less than 100μm). Combined with local dimming algorithms, it enables precise control of thousands of independent backlight zones, significantly improving display contrast.

[0021] RGB Mini LED: A color backlight technology that uses red (wavelength 620nm-750nm), green (wavelength 495nm-570nm), and blue (wavelength 450nm-495nm) Mini LED chips to emit light independently.

[0022] Quantum Dot Color Conversion (QDCC): A technology that uses a blue LED as the excitation source to drive quantum dot materials to generate red and green light, and then mixes the generated red and green light with the remaining blue light to obtain white light. This technology suffers from 20%-30% Stokes shift loss and also faces the problem of poor long-term stability of quantum dot materials.

[0023] Local Dimming (LD) is a backlight control technology that divides the backlight into multiple independent and controllable zones and dynamically adjusts the brightness of each zone according to the real-time content of the screen. It effectively improves the dynamic contrast ratio of the display and offers better energy efficiency compared to the global dimming method used in traditional LED strip edge-lit light guides.

[0024] Metasurface micro / nanostructures are planar optical elements formed by arranging subwavelength-scale artificial structural units on a two-dimensional plane. They can achieve precise control of the phase, amplitude, and polarization of light within a subwavelength thickness. The working mechanism includes three modulation methods: propagation phase, geometric phase, and resonant phase.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a conventional backlight display system provided in an embodiment of this application, combined with... Figure 1 It is known that a traditional backlight display system includes a backlight layer, a light-diffusing sheet, a quantum dot color conversion layer, a liquid crystal modulation layer, and a color filter layer. The backlight layer is equipped with a blue Mini LED chip. By exciting the quantum dot color conversion coating material, red and green light are generated based on the quantum dot photoluminescence mechanism (QPLM). The generated red and green light are then mixed with the remaining blue light to form a white backlight emitting structure. The color display is then achieved through the liquid crystal modulation layer and the color filter layer.

[0026] However, the backlight layer prepared using this method suffers from dual optical losses in the light transmission stage. Specifically, during the conversion of blue light into red and green light via quantum dots, a 20-30% Stokes shift loss is unavoidable. Secondly, approximately 66% of the mixed white light is filtered out when passing through the color filter layer, resulting in an overall optical utilization rate of only 8%-12%, causing significant energy waste. Furthermore, this backlight layer suffers from the poor stability of the quantum dot material. Quantum dot materials are prone to light decay during long-term use, especially perovskite quantum dots, whose stability is extremely sensitive to changes in temperature and humidity, leading to a decrease in the color consistency of the displayed image. According to relevant research data, the brightness of this type of quantum dot material can decrease by 15%-20% after 1000 hours of continuous operation. In addition, because the color filter layer uses absorption-based color selection, allowing only the light corresponding to the color filter layer to pass through, only about 30% of the light energy of the white backlight is effectively transmitted when passing through the color filter layer, with the remaining light energy being absorbed and converted into heat, resulting in low overall optical utilization.

[0027] Building upon this, if the blue Mini LED in the backlight layer is directly replaced with an RGB Mini LED, although the quantum dot color conversion process can be eliminated, the optical loss introduced by the color filter layer is still unavoidable in terms of physical mechanism. The essential working mechanism of the color filter layer is to absorb non-target wavelengths rather than to achieve lossless separation. Therefore, when the three primary colors emitted by the RGB Mini LED pass through the color filter for color purification, approximately 66% light loss still occurs. Furthermore, in traditional display optical systems, spectral crosstalk objectively exists between the RGB three colors, and the color filter layer cannot completely cut off non-target wavelengths, leading to stray light leakage. This not only further reduces light utilization efficiency but also adversely affects color purity, color gamut performance, and overall display quality.

[0028] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a backlight display system comprising a backlight layer, a metasurface micro / nano structure layer, and a liquid crystal display layer. The backlight layer provides red, green, and blue light sources. The metasurface micro / nano structure layer, disposed between the backlight layer and the liquid crystal display layer, spatially separates the red, green, and blue light sources emitted from the backlight layer according to wavelength and guides them to corresponding red, green, and blue sub-pixel regions in the liquid crystal display layer. The liquid crystal display layer regulates the transmittance of the red, green, and blue sub-pixel regions to achieve image display.

[0029] As can be seen, the backlight layer in this application directly provides red, green, and blue light sources, fundamentally avoiding the energy loss and poor stability problems caused by existing quantum dot color conversion methods. Simultaneously, the red, green, and blue light sources emitted by the backlight layer are spatially separated according to wavelength through a metasurface micro / nano structure layer and precisely guided to the corresponding red, green, and blue sub-pixel regions in the liquid crystal modulation layer, thereby significantly improving optical utilization. Compared to existing technologies, this solution can increase the backlight utilization rate from 30% to 90%, thereby improving the brightness of the liquid crystal display, reducing system power consumption, and maintaining high-precision color display capabilities.

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a backlight display system provided in an embodiment of this application. (In conjunction with...) Figure 2 As shown, the backlight display system in this embodiment includes a backlight layer, a metasurface micro / nano structure layer, and a liquid crystal display layer.

[0032] In this embodiment, the backlight layer of the backlight display system includes a red backlight unit, a green backlight unit, and a blue backlight unit. The red backlight unit generates a red light source, the green backlight unit generates a green light source, and the blue backlight unit generates a blue light source. This means that RGB Mini LEDs of three colors emit light directly, significantly improving the optical utilization of the backlight layer. Compared to existing technologies where the backlight layer is equipped with a blue Mini LED chip, this method uses the chip to excite a quantum dot coating material, generating red and green light based on the quantum dot photoluminescence mechanism. The generated red and green light is then mixed with the remaining blue light to form a white backlight structure. This fundamentally avoids the energy loss and poor stability issues caused by existing quantum dot color conversion methods. According to the latest technical data, RGB Mini LEDs can achieve spectral purity of 99% for red light, 92% for green light, and 100% for blue light, significantly improving color gamut coverage.

[0033] To achieve precise brightness control of the backlight layer, this embodiment utilizes a dedicated image processing unit to generate and modulate signals for the red, green, and blue light sources. Specifically, the image processing unit receives standard video signals via an HDMI / DP interface. Typically, the input resolution of a standard video signal is 1920×1080@60Hz, the data format is 24-bit true color, each primary color component is 8 bits, and the color gamut covers 100% of the standard red, green, and blue color space. Subsequently, the image processing unit employs an RGB decomposition algorithm, based on the BT.709 color space conversion matrix, to process the input standard video signal, decomposing it into red, green, and blue component images. Due to the use of FSC technology, under the same physical size conditions, the effective pixel resolution can theoretically be increased to three times that of traditional structures.

[0034] Based on this, corresponding RGB Mini LED array backlight driving signals are generated according to the decomposed red, green, and blue component images. Within each backlight zone of the backlight layer, the three color light sources can be independently brightened according to the color requirements of the corresponding pixel area, thereby achieving fine-grained regional dimming control.

[0035] Specifically, each RGB Mini LED unit measures 200um × 200um, with red, green, and blue light sources integrated onto the same chip. Taking a 32×18 backlight zone array layout as an example, each backlight zone contains 8×8 RGB Mini LED units, for a total of 32×18×64, or 36,864 RGB Mini LED units.

[0036] Each backlight zone independently calculates its brightness requirement based on the RGB component map of the corresponding sub-pixel region within its spatial coverage area. Specifically, each backlight zone extracts pixel information corresponding to the sub-pixel regions of the same color within its spatial coverage area from the red, green, and blue component maps after RGB decomposition, and calculates the brightness requirements of the red, green, and blue light sources within that backlight zone based on the pixel information.

[0037] It should be noted that each backlight zone supports 256 levels of brightness adjustment and is driven and controlled using 8-bit pulse width modulation (PWM). The backlight drive signal operates at a frequency of 180Hz, which is the total frequency formed by driving the RGB three-color light sources with a field sequence of 60Hz each. This system achieves precise synchronization control between modules through a unified system clock, keeping the timing jitter of the three-color light sources within nanoseconds, thus providing a reliable guarantee for the stable implementation of the persistence of vision effect.

[0038] Next, in this embodiment, a metasurface micro / nanostructure layer of the backlight system is disposed between the backlight layer and the liquid crystal display layer. This layer is used to spatially separate the red, green, and blue light sources emitted from the backlight layer according to their wavelengths and guide them to the red, green, and blue sub-pixel regions in the liquid crystal display layer. Specifically, the metasurface micro / nanostructure layer includes multiple micro / nanostructure units, which are arranged in an array. Each micro / nanostructure unit is used to modulate the direction of the red, green, and blue light sources emitted from the backlight layer.

[0039] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, the minimum repeatability size of each micro / nano structure unit is at the micrometer level and contains multiple nanoscale geometric structures. Furthermore, each micro / nano structure unit is fabricated using semiconductor micro / nano fabrication technology, consisting of a 50nm thick transparent substrate, a 100nm thick silicon dioxide spacer layer, and a 50nm thick micro / nano structure stacked sequentially. The dimensional accuracy of each micro / nano structure unit reaches ±10nm to ensure the accuracy of wavelength modulation of the red, green, and blue light sources of the backlight layer by each micro / nano structure unit.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the orientation modulation of a metasurface micro / nanostructure layer provided in an embodiment of this application, combined with... Figure 3 It is known that the metasurface micro / nanostructure layer comprises multiple micro / nanostructure units, which can be further divided into red sub-pixel micro / nanostructure units, green sub-pixel micro / nanostructure units, and blue sub-pixel micro / nanostructure units. Each sub-pixel micro / nanostructure unit is positioned directly below a sub-pixel region of the same color, and the area of ​​each sub-pixel micro / nanostructure unit is exactly the same as that of the corresponding color sub-pixel region. For example, the area of ​​the red sub-pixel micro / nanostructure unit is exactly the same as that of the red sub-pixel region and is precisely aligned directly below it. The green and blue sub-pixel micro / nanostructure units also follow this matching rule.

[0041] For the red subpixel micro / nano structure unit, the red light source emitted from the backlight layer can be incident perpendicularly onto the red subpixel region, while the green light source is oriented to the right by 100µm to the adjacent green subpixel region, and the blue light source is oriented to the left by 100µm to the adjacent blue subpixel region.

[0042] For the green sub-pixel micro / nano structure unit, the green light source emitted from the backlight layer can be incident vertically onto the green sub-pixel region, while the red light source is oriented to the left by 100um to the adjacent red sub-pixel region, and the blue light source is oriented to the right by 100um to the adjacent blue sub-pixel region.

[0043] For the blue sub-pixel micro / nano structure unit, the blue light source emitted from the backlight layer can be incident vertically onto the blue sub-pixel region, while the red light source is oriented to the right by 100um to the adjacent red sub-pixel region, and the green light source is oriented to the left by 100um to the adjacent green sub-pixel region.

[0044] Taking the green sub-pixel micro / nano structure unit as an example, when the red, green, and blue light sources emitted by the backlight layer pass through this green sub-pixel micro / nano structure unit, directional light-guiding modulation is performed on the red light source with a wavelength of 620nm-750nm. Specifically, the diffraction angle of the red light source is designed according to a polarization angle of -15°. When the longitudinal distance between the metasurface micro / nano structure layer and the liquid crystal display layer is greater than 444µm, the red output light modulated by the green sub-pixel micro / nano structure unit can achieve an X-axis offset of greater than -100µm upon reaching the liquid crystal display layer. This meets the design requirement of a red sub-pixel spacing of approximately 100µm, corresponding to the effect of the red light source shifting 100µm to the left to the adjacent red sub-pixel region. After the above processing, the spectral purity of the red light source is greater than 95%, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) is less than 30nm, and the propagation efficiency of the red light source is expected to be greater than 90%.

[0045] Directional beam modulation was employed for blue light sources with wavelengths between 450nm and 495nm. Specifically, the diffraction angle of the blue light source was designed to be +15° to the polarization angle. When the longitudinal distance between the metasurface micro / nanostructure layer and the liquid crystal display layer was greater than 444µm, the blue output light modulated by the green sub-pixel micro / nanostructure unit reached the liquid crystal display layer with an X-axis offset greater than 100µm. This met the design requirement of a blue sub-pixel spacing of approximately 100µm, effectively shifting the blue light source 100µm to the right to the adjacent blue sub-pixel region. The blue light source processed in this way exhibited a spectral purity greater than 94%, a full width at half maximum (FWHM) less than 35nm, and an expected propagation efficiency greater than 96%.

[0046] For green light sources with wavelengths of 495nm-570nm, directional light-guiding modulation is performed, that is, the diffraction angle of the green light source is designed according to the polarization angle of 0°, and its propagation direction does not shift. After the above treatment, the spectral purity of the green light source is greater than 96%, the full width at half maximum is less than 25nm, and the propagation efficiency of the green light source is expected to be greater than 90%.

[0047] It should be noted that the directional modulation principles of the red sub-pixel micro-nano structure unit and the blue sub-pixel micro-nano structure unit for the red, green and blue light sources emitted by the backlight layer are basically similar, with only adaptive adjustments made to the offset angle and offset direction, which will not be elaborated here.

[0048] Therefore, by precisely directing the red, green, and blue light sources emitted from the backlight layer through the individual micro / nano structural units within the metasurface micro / nano structure layer, it is possible to achieve precise guidance of the red emitted light from the red light source to the red sub-pixel region, the green emitted light from the green light source to the green sub-pixel region, and the blue emitted light from the blue light source to the blue sub-pixel region, effectively avoiding color crosstalk. After this processing, the overall optical utilization rate of the backlight display system can be increased from the traditional 30% to over 90%, color saturation is significantly improved, and the coverage of the BT.2020 color gamut reaches 97.3%.

[0049] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the liquid crystal display layer is used to control the transmittance of the red, green, and blue sub-pixel regions to achieve image display. The liquid crystal display layer includes multiple pixels, each pixel including a red sub-pixel region, a green sub-pixel region, and a blue sub-pixel region. Specifically, the liquid crystal display layer can employ in-plane switching (IPS) liquid crystal technology, with a thickness of 4.5 μm. Each pixel is composed of a red sub-pixel region, a green sub-pixel region, and a blue sub-pixel region, and the sub-pixel region size is typically 55 μm × 165 μm.

[0050] The liquid crystal display layer in this embodiment includes a liquid crystal modulation layer disposed above the metasurface micro / nano structure layer. The liquid crystal modulation layer includes red modulation units, green modulation units, and blue modulation units, each containing a layer of liquid crystal molecules. Specifically, the liquid crystal molecules in the red modulation units are used to regulate the transmittance of the red modulation units, allowing red emitted light from the metasurface micro / nano structure layer based on a red light source to pass through the red modulation units. Similarly, the liquid crystal molecules in the green modulation units are used to regulate the transmittance of the green modulation units, allowing green emitted light from the metasurface micro / nano structure layer based on a green light source to pass through the green modulation units. Likewise, the liquid crystal molecules in the blue modulation units are used to regulate the transmittance of the blue modulation units, allowing blue emitted light from the metasurface micro / nano structure layer based on a blue light source to pass through the blue modulation units. Therefore, by precisely adjusting the transmittance gradient of the liquid crystal molecules within each modulation unit of the liquid crystal modulation layer, arbitrary grayscale control of 256 levels (8 bits) can be achieved.

[0051] Figure 4 This application provides a schematic diagram of a field sequence display, combined with... Figure 4 It can be seen that in the field sequence display implementation mode, the system divides a frame of display time into three sub-field sequences, and displays the red component image, green component image and blue component image in sequence, and achieves color fusion through the persistence of vision of the human eye.

[0052] Specifically, the 16.67ms display cycle of a single frame is divided into three sub-field sequences of equal length: the red sub-field sequence is 5.56ms, the green sub-field sequence is 5.56ms, and the blue sub-field sequence is 5.56ms. A transition time of 0.5ms is set between each sub-field sequence to achieve smooth switching.

[0053] Next, the upward propagation path of each color light source in the backlight is precisely controlled through a metasurface micro / nanostructure layer to effectively suppress optical crosstalk between adjacent pixels. For the red sub-sequence, only the red light source in the backlight layer operates, and its brightness is adjusted according to the red component map. The red light source is precisely guided to the red sub-pixel region through the metasurface micro / nanostructure layer, achieving a transmission efficiency of up to 90% and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of color purity of less than 25 nm. For the green sub-sequence, only the green light source in the backlight layer operates, and its brightness is adjusted according to the green component map. The green light source is precisely guided to the green sub-pixel region through the metasurface micro / nanostructure layer, achieving a transmission efficiency greater than 92% and a FWHM of color purity of less than 20 nm. For the blue sub-sequence, only the blue light source in the backlight layer operates, and its brightness is adjusted according to the blue component map. The blue light source is precisely guided to the blue sub-pixel region through the metasurface micro / nanostructure layer, achieving a transmission efficiency of up to 88% and a FWHM of color purity of less than 30 nm.

[0054] Therefore, by utilizing the visual persistence effect of the human eye, which lasts for approximately 50-100ms, the images corresponding to the red, green, and blue subfield sequences can be visually fused over time to form a complete and stable color display image on the human retina.

[0055] also, Figure 5 This is another structural schematic diagram of a backlight display system provided in an embodiment of this application, combined with... Figure 5 It is understood that the liquid crystal display layer may also include a color filter layer, which is disposed above the liquid crystal modulation layer. The color filter layer includes a red filter unit, a green filter unit, and a blue filter unit. The red filter unit has the same size as the red modulation unit, the green filter unit has the same size as the green modulation unit, and the blue filter unit has the same size as the blue modulation unit. The red sub-pixel region includes a red filter unit and a red modulation unit, the green sub-pixel region includes a green filter unit and a green modulation unit, and the blue sub-pixel region includes a blue filter unit and a blue modulation unit.

[0056] Specifically, the red filter unit is used to transmit the red monochromatic light emitted by the red modulation unit based on the red emission light, so that the red sub-pixel area displays the corresponding color; the green filter unit is used to transmit the green monochromatic light emitted by the green modulation unit based on the green emission light, so that the green sub-pixel area displays the corresponding color; and the blue filter unit is used to transmit the blue monochromatic light emitted by the blue modulation unit based on the blue emission light, so that the blue sub-pixel area displays the corresponding color.

[0057] Through the above structural design and the synergistic effect of the color filter, the color purity performance of the color filter layer in this embodiment is significantly improved. Compared with the traditional structure, the color purity is improved by 15%, the color accuracy is optimized by 10%, and the static contrast ratio is expected to reach more than 5000:1.

[0058] It should be noted that the backlight display system in this application embodiment also includes a light homogenizer. The light homogenizer is disposed between the backlight layer and the metasurface micro / nano structure layer. It is used to homogenize the light intensity distribution of the red light source emitted by the backlight layer, homogenize the light intensity distribution of the green light source emitted by the backlight layer, and homogenize the light intensity distribution of the blue light source emitted by the backlight layer, so that the light intensity distribution of the three-color light source transmitted to the metasurface micro / nano structure layer is more uniform, providing a basis for subsequent precise directional modulation.

[0059] In addition, the backlight display system in this application embodiment also includes a protective and encapsulation layer for mechanical and environmental protection of the internal structure of the system, and for forming a flat and stable surface on the outside, thereby improving the overall structural reliability and assembly consistency.

[0060] The above analysis shows that the backlight display system provided by this invention includes a backlight layer, a metasurface micro / nano structure layer, and a liquid crystal display layer. The backlight layer provides red, green, and blue light sources. The metasurface micro / nano structure layer, disposed between the backlight layer and the liquid crystal display layer, spatially separates the red, green, and blue light sources emitted from the backlight layer according to wavelength and guides them to corresponding red, green, and blue sub-pixel regions in the liquid crystal display layer. The liquid crystal display layer controls the transmittance of the red, green, and blue sub-pixel regions to achieve image display. It is evident that the backlight layer in this application directly provides red, green, and blue light sources, fundamentally avoiding the energy loss and poor stability problems caused by existing quantum dot color conversion methods. Simultaneously, by spatially separating the red, green, and blue light sources emitted from the backlight layer according to wavelength through the metasurface micro / nano structure layer and precisely guiding them to the red, green, and blue sub-pixel regions in the liquid crystal modulation layer, optical utilization is significantly improved. Compared to existing technologies, this solution can increase the backlight utilization rate from 30% to 90%, thereby improving the brightness of the LCD display and reducing system power consumption, while maintaining high-precision color display capabilities.

[0061] Furthermore, existing field-sequential color (FSC) timing control places extremely high demands on the dynamic response performance of liquid crystal materials, typically requiring a liquid crystal response time of less than 5ms and a refresh rate higher than 180Hz to avoid perceptible flicker. This not only significantly increases the design complexity of system hardware and driving circuits but also easily leads to color ghosting or color separation phenomena in high-speed moving images, thereby reducing the overall visual experience. Based on the above problems, this application's embodiments simplify the internal color filter structure of the liquid crystal display, effectively improving display resolution while maintaining high luminous efficiency, providing feasible technical support for ultra-high-definition display applications.

[0062] Furthermore, to achieve precise brightness control of the backlight layer, the aforementioned other backlight display system can generate and modulate signals for the red, green, and blue light sources through a supporting image processing unit. Specifically, the image processing unit receives standard video signals via an HDMI / DP interface. Typically, the input resolution of a standard video signal is 1920×1080@60Hz, the format is 24-bit true color, each primary color is 8 bits, and the color gamut covers 100% of the standard red, green, and blue color space. Subsequently, an RGB decomposition algorithm is used, based on the BT.709 (a color space conversion standard for high-definition television image signals) color space conversion matrix, to decompose the input standard video signal into RGB three primary color components. At the same time, combined with a local dimming algorithm, the display area is divided into N×M independent backlight zones. For example, N can be 32 and M can be 18, that is, a total of 576 independent backlight zones. The brightness requirement of the corresponding RGB three-color backlight is calculated for each backlight zone. Then, the brightness requirement is converted into RGB three-color brightness levels of 0-255, and a backlight control signal containing the brightness level and synchronization timing is generated. At the same time, its update frequency is set to 60Hz to keep synchronized with the response frequency of the liquid crystal display layer. Finally, the backlight control signal is transmitted in parallel to the backlight layer drive circuit through the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) to ensure real-time control accuracy in high refresh rate scenarios.

[0063] Furthermore, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application method of a backlight display system provided in an embodiment of this application. (In conjunction with...) Figure 6 As shown, it may include steps S601-S603.

[0064] S601: Provides red, green and blue light sources through the backlight layer in the backlight display system.

[0065] In this embodiment of the application, the backlight layer in the backlight display system includes a red backlight unit, a green backlight unit, and a blue backlight unit. The red backlight unit can generate a red light source, the green backlight unit can generate a green light source, and the blue backlight unit can generate a blue light source.

[0066] S602: Through the metasurface micro / nano structure layer in the backlight display system, the red, green, and blue light sources emitted by the backlight layer are spatially separated according to wavelength and guided to the corresponding red, green, and blue sub-pixel areas in the liquid crystal display layer.

[0067] In this embodiment, the metasurface micro / nano structure layer in the backlight display system can spatially separate the red, green, and blue light sources emitted by the backlight layer according to their corresponding wavelengths, so as to guide them to the red, green, and blue sub-pixel regions in the liquid crystal display layer.

[0068] Specifically, the metasurface micro / nano structure layer includes multiple micro / nano structure units, which are arranged in an array. Each micro / nano structure unit is used to modulate the direction of the red, green, and blue light sources emitted by the backlight layer.

[0069] S603: By adjusting the light transmittance of the red, green, and blue sub-pixel areas in the liquid crystal display layer of the backlight display system, image display can be achieved.

[0070] In this embodiment of the application, the liquid crystal display layer in the backlight display system includes multiple pixels, and each pixel includes a red sub-pixel region, a green sub-pixel region, and a blue sub-pixel region.

[0071] In addition, the liquid crystal display layer also includes a liquid crystal modulation layer. Specifically, the liquid crystal modulation layer is disposed above the metasurface micro / nano structure layer, and includes red modulation units, green modulation units, and blue modulation units, each of which includes a layer of liquid crystal molecules. The liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal modulation layer regulate the transmittance of the red, green, and blue sub-pixel regions. Specifically, the liquid crystal molecules in the red modulation unit regulate the transmittance of the red modulation unit, allowing red light emitted from the metasurface micro / nano structure layer based on a red light source to pass through the red modulation unit; the liquid crystal molecules in the green modulation unit regulate the transmittance of the green modulation unit, allowing green light emitted from the metasurface micro / nano structure layer based on a green light source to pass through the green modulation unit; and the liquid crystal molecules in the blue modulation unit regulate the transmittance of the blue modulation unit, allowing blue light emitted from the metasurface micro / nano structure layer based on a blue light source to pass through the blue modulation unit.

[0072] The liquid crystal display layer in this embodiment may further include a color filter layer, which is disposed above the liquid crystal modulation layer. The color filter layer includes a red filter unit, a green filter unit, and a blue filter unit. Specifically, the red filter unit transmits red monochromatic light emitted by the red modulation unit based on red emission light, so that the red sub-pixel area displays the corresponding color. The green filter unit transmits green monochromatic light emitted by the green modulation unit based on green emission light, so that the green sub-pixel area displays the corresponding color. The blue filter unit transmits blue monochromatic light emitted by the blue modulation unit based on blue emission light, so that the blue sub-pixel area displays the corresponding color.

[0073] It should be noted that the red filter unit and the red modulation unit have the same size, the green filter unit and the green modulation unit have the same size, and the blue filter unit and the blue modulation unit have the same size. The red sub-pixel region includes a red filter unit and a red modulation unit, the green sub-pixel region includes a green filter unit and a green modulation unit, and the blue sub-pixel region includes a blue filter unit and a blue modulation unit. Furthermore, the backlight display system in this embodiment also includes a light homogenizer, which is disposed between the backlight layer and the metasurface micro / nano structure layer, used to homogenize the light intensity distribution of the red light source emitted by the backlight layer, homogenize the light intensity distribution of the green light source emitted by the backlight layer, and homogenize the light intensity distribution of the blue light source emitted by the backlight layer.

[0074] Furthermore, embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device, including: a processor, a memory, and a system bus; The processor and the memory are connected via the system bus; The memory is used to store one or more programs, the one or more programs including instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform any implementation step of the application method of the backlight display system described above.

[0075] Furthermore, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which, when executed by a terminal device, implements any of the implementation steps of the application method of the backlight display system described above.

[0076] As can be seen from the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network communication device such as a media gateway, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of this application. It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to mutually.

[0077] The system disclosed in the embodiments is described in a relatively simple manner because it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments. For relevant details, please refer to the method section.

[0078] It should also be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0079] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A backlight display system, characterized in that, The backlight display system includes a backlight layer, a metasurface micro / nano structure layer, and a liquid crystal display layer; The backlight layer is used to provide red light source, green light source and blue light source; The metasurface micro / nano structure layer is disposed between the backlight layer and the liquid crystal display layer, and is used to spatially separate the red light source, green light source and blue light source emitted by the backlight layer according to wavelength, and guide them to the corresponding red sub-pixel region, green sub-pixel region and blue sub-pixel region in the liquid crystal display layer. The liquid crystal display layer is used to adjust the light transmittance of the red sub-pixel region, the green sub-pixel region, and the blue sub-pixel region to achieve image display.

2. The backlight display system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid crystal display layer includes a liquid crystal modulation layer, which is disposed above the metasurface micro / nano structure layer, and includes a layer of liquid crystal molecules. The liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal modulation layer are used to regulate the transmittance of the red sub-pixel region, the green sub-pixel region, and the blue sub-pixel region, so that the red emitted light from the metasurface micro-nano structure layer based on the red light source passes through the red sub-pixel region, the green emitted light from the metasurface micro-nano structure layer based on the green light source passes through the green sub-pixel region, and the blue emitted light from the metasurface micro-nano structure layer based on the blue light source passes through the blue sub-pixel region.

3. The backlight display system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metasurface micro / nano structure layer includes multiple micro / nano structure units, which are arranged in an array. Each of the aforementioned micro / nano structure units is used to perform directional light-guiding modulation on the red, green, and blue light sources emitted by the backlight layer, respectively.

4. The backlight display system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid crystal display layer includes multiple pixels, and each pixel includes a red sub-pixel region, a green sub-pixel region, and a blue sub-pixel region.

5. The backlight display system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes a light homogenizer; The light homogenizer is disposed between the backlight layer and the metasurface micro / nano structure layer to homogenize the light intensity distribution of the red light source emitted by the backlight layer, homogenize the light intensity distribution of the green light source emitted by the backlight layer, and homogenize the light intensity distribution of the blue light source emitted by the backlight layer.

6. The backlight display system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The backlight layer includes a red backlight unit, a green backlight unit, and a blue backlight unit; The red backlight unit is used to generate the red light source, the green backlight unit is used to generate the green light source, and the blue backlight unit is used to generate the blue light source.

7. An application method of a backlight display system, characterized in that, Applied to the backlight display system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: The backlight layer in the backlight display system provides red, green, and blue light sources. Through the metasurface micro / nano structure layer in the backlight display system, the red, green, and blue light sources emitted by the backlight layer are spatially separated according to wavelength and guided to the corresponding red, green, and blue sub-pixel regions in the liquid crystal display layer. By adjusting the light transmittance of the red sub-pixel region, the green sub-pixel region, and the blue sub-pixel region through the liquid crystal display layer in the backlight display system, image display can be achieved.

8. The application method of the backlight display system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The liquid crystal display layer includes a liquid crystal modulation layer, and the liquid crystal modulation layer includes a layer of liquid crystal molecules; The step of controlling the light transmittance of the red sub-pixel region, the green sub-pixel region, and the blue sub-pixel region through the liquid crystal display layer in the backlight display system includes: By controlling the light transmittance of the red sub-pixel region, the green sub-pixel region, and the blue sub-pixel region through the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal modulation layer, the red emitted light from the metasurface micro / nano structure layer based on the red light source passes through the red sub-pixel region, the green emitted light from the metasurface micro / nano structure layer based on the green light source passes through the green sub-pixel region, and the blue emitted light from the metasurface micro / nano structure layer based on the blue light source passes through the blue sub-pixel region.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The device includes: a processor, a memory, and a system bus; The processor and the memory are connected via the system bus; The memory is used to store a program, the program including instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the steps of the application method of the backlight display system according to claim 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium is used to store a computer program, which, when executed by a terminal device, implements the steps of the application method of the backlight display system according to claim 7.

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