Techniques for user equipment paging

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described for paging user equipments (UEs) having concurrent connections to both a first network and a second network using one subscriber identity module (SIM). The UE may send one or more paging restrictions to one or more of the first network or the second network, the one or more paging restrictions indicating that paging is restricted for communications on the network. The one or more paging restrictions may indicate that all pages via the first network or the second network are restricted, or may indicate that the paging restrictions are for certain protocol data unit (PDU) sessions. A network entity may receive a paging restriction message from a UE, and may process a paging message based at least in part on the paging restriction message.

Description

[0001] Cross-referencing

[0002] This patent application claims the benefit of Greek patent application No. 20230100764, filed on September 26, 2023, entitled “TECHNIQUES FORUSER EQUIPMENT PAGING”, which has been assigned to the assignee of this application and is expressly incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The following text relates to wireless communications, including technologies used for paging user equipment. Background Technology

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, message sending and receiving, broadcasting, and so on. These systems can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth-generation (4G) systems (such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-A Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and fifth-generation (5G) systems (which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems). These systems may employ technologies such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication for communication devices, which may be referred to as User Equipment (UE). Summary of the Invention

[0005] The described technology relates to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses for supporting paging for User Equipment (UE). For example, the described technology provides a UE establishing a first connection with a first network using a first Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) under a Dual 3GPP Access (D3A) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session, and establishing a second connection with a second network using the first SIM. In some aspects, the UE may send one or more paging restrictions to one or more of the first or second networks, indicating that paging is restricted for D3A communication on that network. In some aspects, one or more paging restrictions are applied to dual access communication using a single SIM of the UE, and a UE that may have multiple SIMs may provide D3A restrictions individually for each SIM. In some aspects, one or more paging restrictions may indicate that all paging for D3A access via the first or second network is restricted, or may indicate that the paging restrictions are for certain PDU sessions (e.g., the paging restrictions apply to all D3A services other than voice services, other than designated PDU sessions, or other than any combination thereof).

[0006] In some aspects, a network entity may receive a paging restriction message from a UE operating according to D3A, which will apply one or more paging restrictions at the network entity, and may process the paging message at least in part based on the paging restriction message. For example, a network entity of a first network (e.g., a session management function) may receive data for the UE and may attempt to page the UE concurrently via both the first and second networks by sending paging messages to the Access and Mobility Functions (AMFs) at each network. In other examples, the network entity may send a paging message to a first AMF of the first network and subsequently send a paging message to the AMF of the second network if a paging rejection message is received. The served UE may monitor paging from the network according to the indicated paging restrictions, and may thus reduce power consumption, provide more efficient network operation, and reduce latency.

[0007] A method for wireless communication by a user equipment (UE) is described. The method may include: establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first subscriber identity module; establishing a second communication session with a second network using the first subscriber identity module, wherein communication via the first communication session and communication via the second communication session are simultaneous, and the first and second communication sessions are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session; sending a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network regarding restricted paging messages to the UE via the first network; and monitoring one or more paging messages via the second network.

[0008] A UE for wireless communication is described. The UE may include one or more memories storing processor-executable code and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be able to operate individually or jointly to execute code such that the UE: establishes a first communication session with a first network using a first subscriber identity module; establishes a second communication session with a second network using the first subscriber identity module, wherein communication via the first communication session and communication via the second communication session are simultaneous, and the first and second communication sessions are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session; sends a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network regarding restricted paging messages to the UE via the first network; and monitors one or more paging messages via the second network.

[0009] Another UE for wireless communication is described. The UE may include: components for establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first subscriber identity module; components for establishing a second communication session with a second network using the first subscriber identity module, wherein communication via the first communication session and communication via the second communication session are simultaneous, and the first and second communication sessions are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session; components for sending a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network regarding a paging message restriction to the UE via the first network; and components for monitoring one or more paging messages via the second network.

[0010] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: establish a first communication session with a first network using a first subscriber identity module; establish a second communication session with a second network using the first subscriber identity module, wherein communication via the first communication session and communication via the second communication session are simultaneous, and the first and second communication sessions are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session; send a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network regarding restricted paging messages to the UE via the first network; and monitor one or more paging messages via the second network.

[0011] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the first network may be a first public land mobile network (PLMN) or a first non-public network (NPN), and the second network may be a second PLMN or a second NPN.

[0012] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, sending a first paging indication may include operations, features, components, or instructions for: sending a first registration request or a first service request to a first network entity, the first registration request or the first service request indicating that at least a portion of the paging message from the first network to the UE is restricted to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

[0013] The methods described herein, examples of UEs and nontransitory computer-readable media may further include operations, features, components or instructions for sending a second registration request or a second service request to a second network entity of a second network, the second registration request or the second service request not including any paging restrictions associated with the second network or including paging restrictions different from those of the first network for at least a portion of a paging message to the UE via the second network.

[0014] The methods described herein, UEs, and some examples of nontransitory computer-readable media may further include operations, features, components, or instructions for: receiving a first paging message from a second network entity of a second network indicating that the UE will communicate with a first network; initiating communication with the first network in response to the first paging message; and receiving one or more downlink communications via the first network.

[0015] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, sending a first paging indication may include operations, features, components, or instructions for: sending an information element indicating paging restrictions for a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit (DMU) session at the UE. In some examples of the methods, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the information element indicates that: all paging is restricted for a DMU session except for voice service; all paging is restricted for a DMU session except for one or more designated DMU sessions; or all paging is restricted except for voice service and one or more designated DMU sessions. In some examples of the methods, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the information element is a single bit indicating that the UE has no paging restrictions for a DMU session or that all paging is restricted for a DMU session.

[0016] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, sending a first paging indication may include operations, features, components, or instructions for transmitting an information element indicating a first paging restriction for a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit (DEP) session at the UE, based on extended paging restrictions for a UE having two or more Subscriber Identity Modules (SIMMs). In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the first paging restriction for a DEP session at the UE is indicated by a paging restriction type field in the information element, and wherein paging restrictions for the first network are mapped to a bit value pattern of a set of paging restriction bits in the information element. In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the first paging restriction for a DEP session at the UE is indicated by bits included in the information element, wherein a first value of the bit indicates that no paging restriction exists, and a second value of the bit indicates that all DEP sessions of the first network have paging restrictions at the UE.

[0017] A method for wireless communication by a network entity of a first network is described. The method may include: establishing a first communication session with a UE, wherein the first communication session uses a subscriber identity module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network while simultaneously using the subscriber identity module to communicate with a second network in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session; receiving a first paging indication regarding restricted paging messages to the UE via the first network; and communicating with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0018] A network entity for a first network used for wireless communication is described. The network entity of the first network may include: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be able to operate individually or jointly to execute code such that the network entity of the first network: establishes a first communication session with a UE, wherein the first communication session uses a subscriber identity module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network while using the subscriber identity module to communicate with a second network in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session; receives a first paging indication regarding restricted paging messages to the UE via the first network; and communicates with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0019] Another network entity for a first network used for wireless communication is described. The network entity of the first network may include: components for establishing a first communication session with a UE, wherein the first communication session uses a subscriber identity module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network while simultaneously using the subscriber identity module to communicate with a second network in a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session; components for receiving a first paging indication regarding a paging message restriction to the UE via the first network; and components for communicating with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0020] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: establish a first communication session with a UE, wherein the first communication session uses a subscriber identity module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network while using the subscriber identity module to communicate with a second network in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session; receive a first paging indication regarding restricted paging messages to the UE via the first network; and communicate with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0021] In some examples of the methods, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, communicating with a second network to send one or more paging messages to a UE may include operations, features, components, or instructions for: receiving an indication that data will be sent to the UE via the second network; and sending a paging request to an access and mobility function associated with the first network while simultaneously sending a paging request to a session management function associated with the second network. In some examples of the methods, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, communicating with a second network to send one or more paging messages to a UE may include operations, features, components, or instructions for: receiving a paging rejection indication from an access and mobility function associated with the first network.

[0022] In some examples of the methods, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, communicating with a second network to send one or more paging messages to a UE may include operations, features, components, or instructions for: receiving an indication that data will be sent to the UE via the second network; sending a first paging request to a first access and mobility function associated with the first network; receiving a paging rejection indication from an access and mobility function associated with the first network; and sending a second paging request to a second access and mobility function associated with the second network in response to the paging rejection indication.

[0023] A method for wireless communication by a first network entity of a first network is described. The method may include: establishing a first communication session with a UE, wherein the first communication session uses a subscriber identity module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network while simultaneously using the subscriber identity module to communicate with a second network in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session; receiving from the UE a first paging indication regarding restricted paging messages to the UE via the first network; and communicating with the second network entity of the first network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0024] A first network entity for a first network for wireless communication is described. The first network entity may include: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be able to operate individually or jointly to execute code such that the first network entity: establishes a first communication session with a UE, wherein the first communication session uses a subscriber identity module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network while simultaneously communicating with a second network using the subscriber identity module in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session; receives from the UE a first paging indication regarding restricted paging messages to the UE via the first network; and communicates with a second network entity of the first network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0025] A first network entity for another first network used for wireless communication is described. The first network entity of the first network may include: components for establishing a first communication session with a UE, wherein the first communication session uses a subscriber identity module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network while using the subscriber identity module to communicate with a second network in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session; components for receiving from the UE a first paging indication regarding a paging message restriction to the UE via the first network; and components for communicating with the second network entity of the first network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0026] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: establish a first communication session with a UE, wherein the first communication session uses a subscriber identity module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network while using the subscriber identity module to communicate with a second network in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session; receive from the UE a first paging indication regarding restricted paging messages to the UE via the first network; and communicate with a second network entity of the first network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0027] In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, communicating with a second network entity may include operations, features, components, or instructions for: receiving from the second network entity a first paging message indicating that the UE will be paged; determining, based on the first paging indication, that the first paging message is restricted; and sending a rejection indication to the second network entity, the rejection indication including a rejection indication for the first paging message and an indication that the second network will be used for the first paging message.

[0028] In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving a first paging indication may include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving a first registration request or a first service request from a UE, the first registration request or the first service request indicating that the paging message to the UE is restricted for a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

[0029] In some examples of the methods, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first paging indication includes an information element indicating paging restrictions for a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit (DMU) session at the UE. In some examples of the methods, first network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the information element indicates that: all paging is restricted for a DMU session except for voice service; all paging is restricted for a DMU session except for one or more designated DMU sessions; or all paging is restricted except for voice service and one or more designated DMU sessions. In some examples of the methods, first network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the information element may be a single bit indicating that the UE has no paging restrictions for a DMU session or that all paging is restricted for a DMU session.

[0030] In some examples of the methods, first network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving a first paging indication may include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving an information element indicating a first paging restriction for a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit (DMU) session at the UE, based on paging restrictions for a UE having two or more Subscriber Identity Modules (VIMs). In some examples of the methods, first network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first paging restriction for a dual 3GPP DMU session at the UE is indicated by a paging restriction type field in the information element, and wherein the paging restriction for the first network is mapped to a bit value pattern of a set of paging restriction bits in the information element. In some examples of the methods, first network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first paging restriction for a dual 3GPP DMU session at the UE may be indicated by bits included in the information element, wherein a first value of the bit indicates that no paging restriction exists, and a second value of the bit indicates that all DMU sessions of the first network have paging restrictions at the UE. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system supporting technology for paging user equipment, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0032] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system supporting technology for paging user equipment, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0033] Figure 3 An example of a dual 3GPP access PDU session supporting technologies for user equipment paging, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0034] Figure 4 An example of signaling in a dual 3GPP access PDU session supporting a technology for user equipment paging, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0035] Figures 5 to 7 An example of a process flow supporting a technology for paging user equipment, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0036] Figure 8 and Figure 9 A block diagram of a device supporting technology for paging user equipment, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0037] Figure 10 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting technology for paging user equipment, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0038] Figure 11 A diagram is shown of a system including a device supporting technology for paging user equipment, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0039] Figure 12 and Figure 13 A block diagram of a device supporting technology for paging user equipment, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0040] Figure 14 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting technology for paging user equipment, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0041] Figure 15 A diagram is shown of a system including a device supporting technology for paging user equipment, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0042] Figures 16 to 24 A flowchart illustrating a method for supporting technology for user equipment paging according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0043] In some wireless communication systems, a User Equipment (UE) may include one or more Subscriber Identity Modules (SIMs), each associated with a different network through which the UE can communicate. In some cases, a single SIM may support multiple connections, such as two accesses to one network or two networks. For example, a first SIM may support a first connection to a first network (e.g., a first Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN)) and a second connection to a second network (e.g., a second PLMN), where communication with multiple networks can be simultaneous. In some examples, both the first and second connections may be with the same network (e.g., the same PLMN). In some aspects, each of these networks may be a Radio Access Network (RAN) operating according to established 3GPP specifications, such as a 4G, 5G, or 6G RAN, and access to two such RANs using a single SIM may be referred to as Dual 3GPP Access (D3A), where a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session can be established at a single SIM using two different networks. In traditional systems, a UE operating on a separate network (e.g., a separate PLMN, a PLMN and a non-public network (NPN), or a separate NPN) can monitor paging on each network. However, such monitoring of paging across multiple networks can consume additional power at the UE, potentially leading to duplicate network-to-UE signaling, increased latency when paging the UE from different PLMNs at different times, or any combination thereof. Based on the various techniques discussed herein, efficient paging techniques for dual 3GPP access communications are provided.

[0044] In some aspects, a UE can establish connections with multiple networks (e.g., a first PLMN and / or a second PLMN) using a single SIM and can send a paging restriction message to the network for one of these PLMNs, indicating that paging is restricted for communication on that network. In some aspects, a UE with multiple SIMs can individually provide D3A restrictions for each SIM. In some aspects, the paging restriction message can indicate that all paging for D3A access via the network is restricted, or it can indicate that the paging restriction is for all D3A traffic except for voice services, except for designated PDU sessions, or except for both. In some aspects, at the network level, a network entity (e.g., a Session Management Function (SMF)) can receive data for the UE. In response to receiving data for the UE, in some aspects, the network entity can attempt to page the UE concurrently via two networks by sending paging messages to the Access and Mobility Functions (AMF) at each network level. In other aspects, a network entity of the first network may send a paging message to a first AMF of the first network, and subsequently send a paging message to a second AMF of the second network in the event of a paging rejection from the first AMF. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity may be an AMF and may receive paging restriction messages from the UE. In such aspects, upon receiving a paging message from the AMF (e.g., from the SMF), a rejection message may be provided in response based on the paging restriction message received from the UE. In some aspects, the UE may monitor paging from the network based on one or more indicated paging restrictions.

[0045] For example, a UE can register to both PLMN1 and PLMN2. When registering to PLMN1, the UE can indicate a first paging restriction that limits all paging. When registering to PLMN2, the UE can indicate no paging restrictions. In this example, when a UE using a dual 3GPP access PDU session is paged, paging will only be provided through PLMN2. In another example, a UE can register to PLMN1 and an NPN (e.g., a standalone NPN (SNPN)). In this example, when registering to PLMN1, the UE can indicate no paging restrictions. When registering to the NPN, the UE can indicate a paging restriction that disallows all paging for the D3A PDU session. In this example, when a UE using a dual 3GPP access PDU session is paged, the UE will only be paged through PLMN1.

[0046] Various aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages. For example, based on the techniques implementing this disclosure, the UE can provide one or more paging restrictions that can be used to restrict paging or paging types from each of two different networks that have a simultaneous connection with the UE using a single SIM. For example, the paging restrictions may indicate that: all paging via a particular network is restricted; all paging via the network is restricted except for voice service; all paging via the network is restricted to the network except for one or more designated PDU sessions; or all paging is restricted except for voice service and one or more designated PDU sessions. Thus, such techniques can improve UE efficiency by reducing power consumption associated with paging message monitoring, reduce latency by providing paging via a single network (e.g., due to a higher probability of finding the UE), and provide an enhanced user experience.

[0047] The aspects of this disclosure are first described in the context of wireless communication systems. These aspects are further illustrated and described by way of process flow diagrams, apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts relating to techniques for paging user equipment.

[0048] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system 100 supporting technologies for paging user equipment according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an Advanced LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating under other systems and radio technologies including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0049] Network entity 105 may be distributed across a geographical area to form wireless communication system 100, and may include devices employing different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, mobility element, radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, etc. In some examples, network entity 105 and UE 115 may wirelessly communicate via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., radio frequency (RF) access links). For example, network entity 105 may support coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographical coverage area) within which UE 115 and network entity 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. Coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographical area within which network entity 105 and UE 115 may support the transmission of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs).

[0050] UE 115 can be distributed throughout the coverage area 110 of wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary or mobile, or stationary and mobile at different times. UE 115 can be devices in different forms or with different capabilities. Figure 1 Some example UE 115s are illustrated herein. The UE 115 described herein can be able to support various types of devices (such as, e.g., ...). Figure 1 It communicates with other UEs (115 or network entity 105) as shown.

[0051] As described herein, nodes of the wireless communication system 100 (which may be referred to as network nodes or wireless nodes) may be network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein), UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein), network controller, apparatus, device, computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be UE 115. Alternatively, a node may be network entity 105. Furthermore, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second or third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be UE 115, the second node may be network entity 105, and the third node may be UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be UE 115, the second node may be network entity 105, and the third node may be network entity 105. In other aspects of this example, the first node, the second node, and the third node may be different from these examples. Similarly, references to UE 115, network entity 105, device, equipment, computing system, etc., may include disclosures of UE 115, network entity 105, device, equipment, computing system, etc., as nodes. For example, a disclosure that UE 115 is configured to receive information from network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.

[0052] In some examples, network entity 105 may communicate with core network 130, communicate with each other, or both. For example, network entity 105 may communicate with core network 130 via one or more backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocols). In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via core network 130) via backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to X2, Xn, or other interface protocols). In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with each other via midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., according to midhaul interface protocol) or fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., according to fronthaul interface protocol) or any combination thereof. Backhaul communication link 120, midhaul communication link 162, or fronthaul communication link 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., electrical links, fiber optic links), one or more wireless links (e.g., radio links, wireless optical links), etc., or various combinations thereof. UE 115 can communicate with core network 130 via communication link 155.

[0053] One or more network entities in network entity 105 described herein may include or be referred to as base station 140 (e.g., transceiver base station, radio base station, NR base station, access point, radio transceiver, NodeB, eNodeB (eNB), next-generation NodeB or gigabit NodeB (any of which may be referred to as gNB), 5G NB, next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), home NodeB, home eNodeB, or other suitable terms). In some examples, network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, stand-alone) base station architecture that may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single network entity 105 (e.g., a single RAN node, such as base station 140).

[0054] In some examples, network entity 105 may be implemented in a decomposed architecture (e.g., a decomposed base station architecture, a decomposed RAN architecture) that can be configured to utilize protocol stacks physically or logically distributed across two or more network entities 105, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN)). For example, network entity 105 may include one or more of the following: a central unit (CU) 160, a distributed unit (DU) 165, a radio unit (RU) 170, a RAN intelligent controller (RIC) 175 (e.g., a near real-time RIC, a non-real-time RIC), a service management and orchestration (SMO) 180 system, or any combination thereof. 170 may also be referred to as a radio headend, intelligent radio headend, remote radio headend (RRH), remote radio unit (RRU), or transmit / receive point (TRP). One or more components of network entity 105 in a decomposed RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of network entity 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some examples, one or more network entities 105 in a decomposed RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., virtual CU (VCU), virtual DU (VDU), virtual RU (VRU)).

[0055] The functional splitting among CU 160, DU 165, and RU 170 is flexible and can support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, and any combination thereof) are performed at CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170. For example, a protocol stack functional splitting can be used between CU 160 and DU 165, allowing CU 160 to support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and DU 165 to support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, CU 160 can host higher protocol layer (e.g., Layer 3 (L3), Layer 2 (L2)) functionalities and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC), Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)). CU 160 can connect to one or more DU 165 or RU 170, and one or more DU 165 or RU 170 can host lower protocol layers, such as Layer 1 (L1) (e.g., Physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Medium Access Control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and each can be at least partially controlled by CU 160. Additionally or alternatively, a protocol stack functional split can be employed between DU 165 and RU 170, such that DU 165 can support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and RU 170 can support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. DU 165 can support one or more different cells (e.g., via one or more RU 170). In some cases, functional decomposition between CU 160 and DU 165, or between DU 165 and RU 170, can be performed within the protocol layer (e.g., some functions of the protocol layer can be performed by one of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer can be performed by different of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170). CU 160 can be further functionally decomposed into CU control plane (CU-CP) functions and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. CU 160 can be connected to one or more DU 165 via midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u), and DU 165 can be connected to one or more RU 170 via fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface). In some examples, the midhaul communication link 162 or the fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented based on the interfaces (e.g., channels) between the layers of the protocol stack, which are supported by the corresponding network entities 105 communicating via such communication links.

[0056] In a wireless communication system (e.g., wireless communication system 100), the infrastructure and spectrum resources for radio access can support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, thereby providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to core network 130). In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more network entities 105 (e.g., IAB node 104) may be partially controlled by each other. One or more IAB nodes 104 may be referred to as donor entities or IAB donors. One or more DU 165s or one or more RU 170s may be partially controlled by one or more CU 160s associated with donor network entity 105 (e.g., donor base station 140). One or more donor network entities 105 (e.g., IAB donors) may communicate with one or more additional network entities 105 (e.g., IAB node 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication link 120). IAB node 104 may include an IAB mobile terminal (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by a DU 165 of a coupled IAB donor. The IAB-MT may include a separate set of antennas for relaying communication with UE 115, or may share the same antennas (e.g., those of RU 170) for access to IAB node 104 via DU 165 (e.g., referred to as a virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT)). In some examples, IAB node 104 may include a DU 165 that supports communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node 104, UE 115) within a relay chain or configuration (e.g., downstream) of the access network. In such cases, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., one or more IAB nodes 104 or components of IAB node 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.

[0057] In the context of applying the techniques described herein to a decomposed RAN architecture, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture may be configured to support techniques for user equipment paging as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by UE 115 or network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) may additionally or alternatively be performed by one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., IAB node 104, DU 165, CU 160, RU 170, RIC 175, SMO 180).

[0058] UE 115 may include or be referred to as a mobile device, wireless device, remote device, handheld device, or subscriber device, or any other suitable term, wherein "device" may also be referred to as a cell, station, terminal, or client, etc. UE 115 may also include or be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer, laptop computer, or personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, Internet of Things (IoT) device, Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, etc., which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances or vehicles, meters, etc.

[0059] The UE 115 described herein can communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 that sometimes act as relays, network entities 105, and network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, etc. Figure 1 As shown.

[0060] UE 115 and network entity 105 can wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., access links) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term "carrier" can refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting communication link 125. For example, a carrier for communication link 125 may include a portion of the RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) operating according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling coordinating carrier operation, user data, or other signaling. Wireless communication system 100 can support communication with UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. Depending on the carrier aggregation configuration, UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers. Carrier aggregation can be used in conjunction with both frequency division duplex (FDD) component carriers and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers. Communication between network entity 105 and other devices can refer to communication between these devices and any part of network entity 105 (e.g., entity, sub-entity). For example, the terms “send,” “receive,” or “communicate” when referring to network entity 105 can refer to any part of the RAN’s network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, CU160, DU 165, RU 170) communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities 105).

[0061] The signal waveform transmitted via a carrier may include multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform extended OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM, a resource element may refer to a resource of one symbol period (e.g., the duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the decoding rate of the modulation scheme, or both), such that a relatively high number of resource elements (e.g., in the transmission duration) and a relatively high modulation scheme order correspond to a relatively high communication rate. Wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of RF spectrum resources, temporal resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity used for communication with UE 115.

[0062] The time interval for network entity 105 or UE 115 can be expressed as a multiple of a basic time unit, such as the sampling period. seconds, of which It can represent the supported subcarrier spacing, and This can represent the supported Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) size. The time interval of the communication resources can be organized according to radio frames, each with a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame can be identified by a System Frame Number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0063] Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may (e.g., in the time domain) be divided into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a number of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix appended to each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, time slots may be further divided into multiple micro-time slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., The duration of a symbol period is associated with a (number) sampling period. The duration of a symbol period can depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0064] A subframe, time slot, micro-time slot, or symbol can be the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., in the time domain) and can be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the duration of the TTI (e.g., the number of symbol periods in the TTI) can be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 can be dynamically selected (e.g., in a burst of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0065] Depending on the technology, carriers can be used to multiplex physical channels for communication. For example, one or more of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques can be used to multiplex physical control channels and physical data channels for signaling via a downlink carrier. The control region (e.g., control resource set (CORESET)) of the physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth of the carrier or a subset of that bandwidth. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESET) can be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more UEs in UE 115 may monitor or search for control regions to obtain control information based on one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a concatenated manner. The aggregation level of control channel candidates may refer to the amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space set may include: a common search space set configured to transmit control information to multiple UEs 115, and a UE-specific search space set used to transmit control information to a specific UE 115.

[0066] Network entity 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells (e.g., macro cells, small cells, hotspots, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof). The term "cell" may refer to a logical communication entity used to communicate with network entity 105 (e.g., using a carrier) and may be associated with an identifier used to distinguish adjacent cells (e.g., Physical Cell Identifier (PCID), Virtual Cell Identifier (VCID), or other cell identifier). In some examples, a cell may also refer to a coverage area 110 or a portion of coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) in which a logical communication entity operates. Depending on various factors such as the capabilities of network entity 105, the extent of such cells may range from smaller areas (e.g., structures, subsets of structures) to larger areas. For example, a cell may be or may include buildings, subsets of buildings, or external space between or overlapping coverage areas 110, etc.

[0067] Macro cells typically cover a relatively large geographical area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and allow unrestricted access to UE 115 that has a service subscription with a network provider supporting the macro cell. In contrast, small cells may be associated with a lower-power network entity 105 (e.g., a lower-power base station 140) and may operate using the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed) frequency bands as macro cells. Small cells may provide unrestricted access to UE 115 that has a service subscription with a network provider, or restricted access to UE 115 associated with a small cell (e.g., UE 115 in a closed subscriber group (CSG), or UE 115 associated with a user in a home or office). Network entity 105 may support one or more cells and may also use one or more component carriers to support communication via one or more cells.

[0068] In some examples, a carrier can support multiple cells and can be configured with different cells based on different protocol types that can provide access for different types of devices (e.g., MTC, Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)).

[0069] In some examples, network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) may be mobile, and thus provide communication coverage to mobile coverage areas 110. In some examples, different coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same network entity 105. In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities 105. The wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of network entities 105 use the same or different radio access technologies to provide coverage for various coverage areas 110.

[0070] Wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication, or various combinations thereof. For example, wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC). UE 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communication may include private or group communication and may be supported by one or more services, such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritizing services, and such services may be used for public safety or general business applications. The terms “ultra-reliable,” “low-latency,” and “ultra-reliable low-latency” are used interchangeably herein.

[0071] In some examples, UE 115 may be configured to support direct communication with other UE 115s via device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., according to peer-to-peer (P2P), D2D, or sidelink protocols). In some examples, one or more UE 115s performing D2D communication in a group may be within the coverage area 110 of network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170), which may support aspects of such D2D communication configured (e.g., scheduled by network entity 105). In some examples, one or more UE 115s in such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of network entity 105, or may otherwise be unable or not configured to receive transmissions from network entity 105. In some examples, the group of UE 115s communicating via D2D communication may support a one-to-many (1:M) system, where each UE 115 transmits to each of the other UE 115s in the group. In some examples, network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources used for D2D communication. In other examples, D2D communication may be performed between UEs 115 without involving network entity 105.

[0072] In some systems, the D2D communication link 135 may be an example of a communication channel (such as a sidelink communication channel) between vehicles (e.g., UE 115). In some examples, vehicles may communicate using vehicle-to-vehicle (V2X) communication, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or a combination of these. Vehicles may signal information related to traffic conditions, signal control, weather, safety, emergencies, or any other information relevant to the V2X system. In some examples, vehicles in a V2X system may communicate with roadside infrastructure (such as roadside units), or communicate with the network via one or more network nodes (e.g., network entity 105, base station 140, RU 170) using vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication, or both.

[0073] Core network 130 provides user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. Core network 130 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), which may include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), access and mobility management function (AMF)) for managing access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or user plane function (UPF)) for routing packets or interconnecting to external networks. The control plane entity manages non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management of UE 115 served by network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) associated with core network 130. User IP packets can be transferred through user plane entities, which provide IP address allocation and other functions. User plane entities can connect to one or more network operator IP services 150. IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, intranets, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0074] Wireless communication system 100 can operate using one or more frequency bands in the range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz. Generally, the area from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is referred to as the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band or decimeter band because the wavelength range is approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features (which may be referred to as clusters), but these waves are sufficient to penetrate structures so that macrocells can provide service to UE 115 located indoors. Compared to communication using smaller frequencies and longer wavelengths in the lower frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz, communication using UHF waves can be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 km).

[0075] Wireless communication system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, wireless communication system 100 may use unlicensed bands (such as the 5 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band) to employ Licensed Assisted Access (LAA), LTE Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology. When operating with unlicensed RF spectrum, devices such as network entity 105 and UE 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operation using unlicensed bands may be combined with component carriers operating with licensed bands based on carrier aggregation configurations (e.g., LAA). Operation using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmission, uplink transmission, P2P transmission, or D2D transmission, etc.

[0076] Network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas that can be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of network entity 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which can support MIMO operation or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly (such as an antenna tower). In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with network entity 105 may be located at different geographical locations. Network entity 105 may include an antenna array having a collection of multiple rows and columns of antenna ports that network entity 105 can use to support beamforming for communication with UE 115. Similarly, UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support RF beamforming for signals transmitted via the antenna ports.

[0077] Beamforming (also known as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting or receiving device (e.g., network entity 105, UE 115) to shape or guide an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting and receiving devices. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals transmitted via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along a specific orientation relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference, while other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to the signals transmitted via the antenna elements may include applying amplitude shifts, phase shifts, or both to the signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of these antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a specific orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting or receiving device or relative to some other orientation).

[0078] The wireless communication system 100 can be a packet-based network operating according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communication at the bearer or PDCP layer can be IP-based. The RLC layer performs packet segmentation and reassembly for transmission via logical channels. The MAC layer performs priority handling and multiplexing of logical channels to transport channels. The MAC layer can also use error detection, error correction, or both to support retransmissions to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the RRC layer provides the establishment, configuration, and maintenance of RRC connections between the UE 115 and network entity 105 or core network 130 that support user plane data radio bearers. The PHY layer maps transport channels to physical channels.

[0079] UE 115 and network entity 105 can support data retransmission to increase the likelihood of successful data reception. Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) feedback is a technique used to increase the likelihood of correctly receiving data via communication links (e.g., communication link 125, D2D communication link 135). HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)), forward error correction (FEC), and retransmission (e.g., Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ)). HARQ can improve throughput at the MAC layer under poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise ratio conditions). In some examples, the device may support same-slot HARQ feedback, in which case the device can provide HARQ feedback in a specific time slot for data received via a previous symbol in that time slot. In some other examples, the device may provide HARQ feedback in subsequent time slots or according to a different time interval.

[0080] In some aspects, based on a D3A PDU session, UE 115 may establish a first connection with a first network entity 105 using a first SIM, and establish a second connection with a second network entity 105 using the same first SIM. In some aspects, UE 115 may send one or more paging restrictions to one or more of these network entities 105, indicating that paging is restricted for D3A communication on that network. In some aspects, one or more paging restrictions may indicate that all paging for D3A access via the first or second network is restricted, or may indicate that the paging restriction is for certain PDU sessions (e.g., the paging restriction applies to all D3A services other than voice services, other than designated PDU sessions, or other than any combination thereof).

[0081] In some aspects, network entity 105 may receive a paging restriction message from UE 115 operating according to D3A, which will apply one or more paging restrictions at network entity 105. Such network entity 105 may process paging messages at least in part based on the paging restriction message. For example, network entity 105 of a first network (e.g., a session management function) may receive data for UE 115 and may attempt to paging UE 115 concurrently via both the first and second networks by sending paging messages to different network entities 105 (e.g., AMFs) at each network. In other examples, network entity 105 may send the paging message to a first AMF of the first network and subsequently to a second network AMF if a paging rejection message is received. UE 115 operating according to D3A technology may monitor paging from the network according to the indicated paging restrictions and may thus reduce power consumption, provide more efficient network operation, reduce latency, or any combination thereof.

[0082] Figure 2 Examples of wireless communication systems 200 supporting techniques for paging user equipment according to one or more aspects of this disclosure are shown. In some examples, wireless communication system 200 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100. Figure 2 In the example, the wireless communication system 200 may include a UE 115-a, a first network entity 105-a providing communication for a first network (e.g., a first PLMN), and a second network entity 105-b providing communication for a second network (e.g., a second PLMN or NPN), which may be referenced Figure 1 Examples of the corresponding devices described.

[0083] Depending on various aspects, a first network entity 105-a may send downlink communication 205 to UE 115-a, and UE 115-a may send uplink communication 210 to the first network entity 105-a, wherein downlink communication 205 and uplink communication 210 are associated with a first SIM 225. Similarly, network entity 105-b may send downlink communication 215 to UE 115-a, and UE 115-a may send uplink communication 220 to a second network entity 105-b, wherein downlink communication 215 and uplink communication 220 are also associated with a first SIM 225 (e.g., according to dual 3GPP access communication).

[0084] In some respects, UE 115-a may send paging indication 245 to a first network entity 105-a, a second network entity 105-b, or both. Paging indication 245 may indicate one or more paging restrictions for dual 3GPP access. For example, the dual 3GPP access manager 230 at UE 115-a may include a paging restriction manager 235 that identifies a network and / or access type for which it may be beneficial for UE 115-a to monitor only one network for paging. Therefore, the paging monitoring manager 240 at UE 115-a may initiate monitoring of only one network based on the indicated paging restrictions. UE 115-a may send a first paging indication 245-a to a first network entity 105-a (e.g., a first AMF associated with the first network), indicating that there are no paging restrictions, or paging restrictions for a subset of dual 3GPP access PDU sessions (e.g., paging is restricted for some indicated PDU sessions). Furthermore, UE 115-a may send a second paging indication 245-b to a second network entity 105-b (e.g., a second AMF associated with the second network), indicating that all dual 3GPP access paging is restricted for the second network. Based on the paging indication 245 sent by UE 115-a, paging monitoring manager 240 may monitor paging messages 250 sent by the first network entity 105-a for paging via the first network.

[0085] In some aspects, the provided techniques provide a paging aspect for handling mobile termination (MT) services at UE 115-a using D3A PDU sessions via either or both 3GPP accesses in Connection Management (CM) connected mode or CM idle mode. The paging restrictions discussed herein allow UE 115-a, when idle on both accesses, to avoid unnecessary paging via both accesses, thus reducing potential duplication of network-UE signaling for the same paging process. Furthermore, the described techniques provide reduced power consumption at UE 115-a compared to the case where paging restrictions are not applied (e.g., UE 115-a idle on both accesses might need to monitor both accesses, resulting in additional power consumption). Additionally, the described techniques can provide an increased probability that paging message 250 arrives at UE 115-a, which can provide a reduced arrival time and reduced latency for UE 115-a compared to the case where paging restrictions are not applied (e.g., if UE 115-a is not simultaneously paged through two access points, it may take longer to arrive at UE 115-a due to the relatively slow communication on one access point). Therefore, the techniques discussed herein can thus allow for reduced monitoring at UE 115-a, and can thus reduce power consumption, provide more efficient network operation, and / or reduce latency.

[0086] In some deployments, a UE (such as UE 115-a) may have multiple SIMs and be referred to as a multi-SIM (MUSIM) UE. Depending on various aspects, dual 3GPP access paging restrictions may be provided in addition to one or more paging restrictions that can be implemented for a MUSIM UE. In some cases, paging indication 245 may include paging restriction information that is different from or supplements to the paging restriction information (PRI) provided for a MUSIM UE. In some cases, the PRI indicating dual 3GPP access paging restrictions may be provided with a service request or in a registration request message. In some cases, the PRI may indicate that all paging for a specific network is restricted, may indicate that all paging for a specific network is restricted except for paging for voice services (e.g., IMS voice), may indicate that all paging is restricted except for certain PDU sessions, or may indicate that all paging is restricted except for paging for voice services (IMS voice) and certain PDU sessions.

[0087] In some cases, the network entity 105 receiving the PRI may accept and store the PRI, and use the information in the PRO to allow or deny subsequent paging attempts for UE 115-a. In other cases, based on operator policies, the AMF may not accept and store the PRI, in which case the paging restrictions provided by UE 115-a may be ignored. In some aspects, UE 115-a may determine or be instructed to be paged only through one of the two accesses when in CM idle mode on both networks, which allows UE 115-a to completely shut down radio components for the other network and conserve energy. Additionally or alternatively, UE 115-a may determine or be instructed to be paged simultaneously through both accesses when in CM idle mode on both accesses, which increases the probability of finding UE 115-a earlier than when paged through only one access. In some aspects, different paging policies may be applied to different services, and UE 115-a may determine whether to apply different policies to different dual-turnover or dual 3GPP access PDU sessions.

[0088] Figure 3 An example of a dual 3GPP access PDU session 300 supporting technologies for user equipment paging, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. In some examples, the dual 3GPP access PDU session 300 may implement as described in the reference. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The aspects of the described wireless communication system 100 or 200 are implemented therein or by means of, or by means of, as referenced Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is implemented by the UE and one or more network entities discussed.

[0089] In this example, UE 115-b can establish an Extended Multiple Access (MA) PDU session 305, wherein a first PDU session 310 is established via a first 3GPP access 320-a, and a second PDU session 315 is established via a second 3GPP access 320-b. In some cases, the first 3GPP access 320-a and the second 3GPP access 320-b can be established within a single PLMN. In other cases, the first 3GPP access 320-a may be located on a first PLMN, and the second 3GPP access 320-b may be located on a second PLMN or an NPN. In this example, the first PDU session 310 may be provided via the first 3GPP access 320-a, which may use one or more network entities, such as a radio headend, an AMF, and an SMF. The first user plane function (UPF) 325-a of the first PDU session 310 provides a connection to the PDU session anchor (PSA) UPF 330, which in turn provides a connection to the server host 335. Furthermore, in Figure 3In the example, the second PDU session 315 may be provided via a second 3GPP access 320-b, which may use one or more network entities, such as a radio head unit, an AMF, and an SMF, which may be different from the network entities used for the first PDU session 310. The second UPF 325-b of the second PDU session 315 may provide connectivity to a PSA UPF 330, which provides connectivity to a server host 335. As used herein, the term "D3A PDU session" refers to an extended MA PDU session with two 3GPP accesses, such as... Figure 3 As illustrated, such technologies can provide enhanced throughput between UE 115-b and server host 335, which can enhance the user experience. Furthermore, in some aspects, different 3GPP accesses 320 can be tuned to provide specific services with relatively high efficiency. For example, the first PDU session 310 can provide enhanced low-latency communication, while the second PDU session 315 can provide enhanced mobile broadband communication. Figure 4 Examples of D3A PDU sessions are provided via different PLMNs or via PLMN and NPN.

[0090] Figure 4 An example of a dual 3GPP access PDU session 400 supporting technologies for user equipment paging, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. In some examples, the dual 3GPP access PDU session 400 may implement as described in the reference. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The aspects of the described wireless communication system 100 or 200 are implemented therein or by means of, or by means of, as referenced Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is implemented by the UE and one or more network entities. Furthermore, the dual 3GPP access PDU session 400 can be... Figure 3 Example of a dual 3GPP access PDU session 300.

[0091] In this example, UE 115-b can establish a D3A PDU session. The first PDU session is established via the primary PLMN 405, and the second PDU session is established via the secondary PLMN or NPN 410. In this example, the first PDU session can be provided via the first 3GPP access 415 of the primary PLMN 405. The first 3GPP access 415 can provide communication with the first AMF 420, the first SMF 425, the Policy Control Function (PCF) 430, and the first UPF 435. The first UPF 435 can provide access to the data network 440. Furthermore, in Figure 4In one example, the second 3GPP access 445 provides communication with the second AMF 450, the second SMF 455, and the second UPF 460. The secondary PLMN or NPN 410 can access the data network 440 via link 470 (e.g., a 3GPP N9 link), the second UPF 460, and the first UPF 435, where the first UPF 435 provides access to the data network 440. In various aspects, the first 3GPP access 415 and the second 3GPP access 445 can provide access to the same radio access technology (RAT) or different RATs. For example, the primary PLMN 405 can provide a 5G or NR RAT, and the secondary PLMN or NPN 410 can provide a 5G or NR RAT, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) RAT, or a 4G or LTE RAT. In other examples, the primary PLMN 405 can provide an NTN RAT, and the secondary PLMN or NPN 410 can provide an NTN RAT. In yet another example, the primary PLMN 405 may provide a 6G RAT, and the secondary PLMN on the NPN 410 may provide a 6G, 5G, 4G, or NTN RAT. Many other examples of combinations of RATs may be used according to the techniques discussed herein, and it should be understood that the specific examples provided herein are for illustration and discussion, and the disclosed techniques are not limited to such examples.

[0092] Depending on various aspects, UE 115-c may provide one or more paging restrictions to the primary PLMN 405, secondary PLMN, or NPN 410, or both. In some cases, a paging restriction indicating that all paging is restricted may be provided to the secondary PLMN or NPN 410. In this case, all paging messages to UE 115-c may be sent via the primary PLMN 405. In other cases, a paging may be provided to the secondary PLMN or NPN 410 indicating that one or more specific PDU sessions may be paged via the secondary PLMN or NPN 410, and all other paging messages are restricted. In this case, the second AMF 450 may store the paging restrictions and, upon receiving a paging request from the second SMF 455, compare the PDU session associated with the paging request with the indicated PDU session provided in the paging restriction information. If a match is found, the second AMF 450 may send a paging message to UE 115-c. If no match is found, the second AMF 450 may provide a paging rejection message to the second SMF 455 via link 465 (e.g., a 3GPP N16 link), and the second SMF 455 may provide the first SMF 425 with information for a paging message to be used for paging via the primary PLMN 405. Similarly, this paging restriction information may indicate that paging for voice services is unrestricted, but any other paging is restricted. In this case, the second AMF 450 and the second SMF 455 may perform functions similar to those discussed regarding paging restrictions for a specific PDU session. Figures 5 to 7 Additional examples of paging restrictions and paging message transmission for the two networks in a dual 3GPP access PDU session at the UE are provided.

[0093] Figure 5 An example of a process flow 500 supporting technology for user equipment paging according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Process flow 500 may include a first access network entity 505 providing access to a first RAN, a second access network entity 515 providing access to a second RAN, a first AMF 510 associated with the first RAN, a second AMF 520 associated with the second RAN, and a UE 115-d, which may be as described in reference... Figures 1 to 4Examples of corresponding devices described. In some cases, when a capability indication from UE 115-d provides an indication of support for D3APDU sessions with access-specific paging restrictions, process flow 500 may be implemented by network entities 505 to 520 and UE 115-d. Such techniques can provide power savings associated with monitoring and sending paging messages at UE 115-d and network entities 505 to 520, while also providing scheduling flexibility for data transmission via one or both 3GPP accesses, thereby enhancing overall network efficiency, reducing power consumption, and improving user experience. In the following description of process flow 500, the operations between network entities 505 to 520 and UE 115-d may be performed in a different order than the example order shown. Some operations may be omitted from process flow 500, and other operations may be added to process flow 500.

[0094] At 525, UE 115-d can identify paging restrictions for dual 3GPP access. In some examples, UE 115-d can identify such paging restrictions when establishing a dual 3GPP connection using the same SIM based on a D3A PDU session. As discussed herein, paging restrictions can be implemented when UE 115-d is in CM idle mode on both accesses. In some cases, UE 115-d can be a single-SIM UE. In other cases, UE 115-d can be a dual-SIM UE 115-d, and paging restrictions as discussed herein can be provided that are different from paging restrictions associated with different SIMs at UE 115-d, and D3A PDU session paging restrictions can be provided individually for each SIM at UE 115-d using D3A.

[0095] At point 530, UE 115-d can send a registration or UE-triggered service request to the first AMF 510 via the first access network entity 505. Figure 5 In some examples, the service request triggered by registration or the UE does not include paging restrictions. In some examples, the first RAN may be the primary PLMN. In some examples, the service request triggered by registration or the UE does not indicate any paging restriction information (PRI).

[0096] At 535, the first AMF may send a registration acceptance or N2 request message via the first access network entity 505. In some examples, the registration acceptance or N2 request message may indicate that the PRI has been received and stored at the first AMF 510. In some examples, the UE 115-d may identify that there are no paging restrictions for the first RAN communication based on the registration acceptance of the received N2 request message (e.g., the UE 115-d may monitor all configured paging opportunities associated with the first RAN).

[0097] At point 540, UE 115-d can send a registration or UE-triggered service request to the second AMF 520 via the second access network entity 515 of the second RAN. Figure 5 In some examples, the registration or UE-triggered service request includes one or more paging restrictions. In some examples, the secondary RAN can be a secondary PLMN or NPN. In some examples, the registration or UE-triggered service request includes paging restriction information (PRI) indicating that: all paging is restricted for D3APDU sessions except for voice services; all paging is restricted for D3A PDU sessions except for one or more specified PDU sessions; or all paging is restricted except for voice services and one or more specified PDU sessions.

[0098] At 545, the second AMF may send a registration acceptance or N2 request message via the second access network entity 515. In some examples, the registration acceptance or N2 request message may indicate that the PRI has been received and stored at the second AMF 520. Figure 6 and Figure 7 Examples of paging messages and related transmissions based on indicated paging restrictions for the first RAN and the second RAN are provided.

[0099] Figure 6 An example of a process flow 600 supporting technology for user equipment paging according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Process flow 600 may include a first access network entity 605 providing access to a first RAN, a second access network entity 610 providing access to a second RAN, a first AMF 615 associated with the first RAN, a second AMF 620 associated with the second RAN, a first SMF 625 associated with the first RAN, a second SMF 630 associated with the second RAN, a UPF 635 associated with the second RAN, and a UE 115-e, which may be as referenced Figures 1 to 5Examples of the corresponding devices described. In some cases, process flow 600 may be implemented by network entities 605 to 635 and UE 115-e when the capability indication from UE 115-e provides an indication of support for D3A PDU sessions with access-specific paging restrictions, and when one or more D3A PDU session paging restrictions have already been provided by UE 115-e. In this example, UE 115-e may have already provided one or more paging restrictions to a second RAN, and the first RAN may not have paging restrictions. Such techniques can provide power savings associated with monitoring and sending paging messages at UE 115-e and network entities 605 to 635, while also providing scheduling flexibility for data transmission via one or both 3GPP accesses, thereby enhancing overall network efficiency, reducing power consumption, and enhancing user experience. In the following description of process flow 600, the operations between network entities 605 to 635 and UE 115-e may be performed in a different order than the example order shown. Some operations can be omitted from process flow 600, and other operations can be added to process flow 600.

[0100] At position 640, UPF 635 can send and second SMF 630 can receive data notifications. In some examples, this data notification may indicate the presence of data for downlink transmission to UE 115-e.

[0101] At 645, the second SMF 630 can send and the second AMF 620 can receive a paging message that indicates that UE 115-e will be paged to be transferred out of CM idle and to receive one or more downlink transmissions.

[0102] exist Figure 6 In the example, at 650, the second SMF 630 may also send an indication to the first SMF 625 regarding the presence of data for transmission to UE 115-e in downlink communication. In this example, the indication to the first SMF 625 may be performed simultaneously with determining at the second AMF 620 whether paging via the second RAN is restricted.

[0103] At 655, the second AMF 620 can identify that paging via the second RAN is rejected. In some examples, the second AMF 620 can determine that a paging message will be rejected based on paging restrictions provided by UE 115-e (e.g., paging is restricted for all D3A PDU sessions based on the second RAN, based on the identifier of the PDU associated with the paging message, based on the service type associated with the paging message, based on other information in the PRI, or any combination thereof).

[0104] At 660, the second AMF can send and the second SMF 630 can receive a paging rejection message indicating that paging will not be sent via the second RAN.

[0105] At 665, the first SMF 625 can send and the first AMF 615 can receive a paging message that instructs UE 115-e to be paged so that it can be handed out of CM idle and receive one or more downlink transmissions via the first RAN.

[0106] At 670, the first AMF 615 can determine that paging is permitted for UE 115-e. In some examples, the first AMF 615 can make this determination based on PRI, as discussed herein.

[0107] At 675, the first AMF 615 can send and the first access network entity 605 can receive a paging message indicating that UE 115-e will be paged. At 680, the first access network entity 605 can send and the UE 115-e can receive a paging message indicating that UE 115-e will leave CM idle to receive one or more downlink transmissions.

[0108] At 685, UE 115-e and the network entity of the first RAN can perform a service request procedure, wherein UE 115-e transitions from CM idle mode to active mode to monitor one or more downlink transmissions. At 690, UPF 635 can transmit downlink data that can be received at UE 115-e via the first RAN.

[0109] In some examples, a registration or service request provided by UE 115-e to the first AMF 615 and the second AMF 620 may include paging restriction information, as discussed herein. In some examples, this paging restriction information may be provided in one or more information elements. Examples of such information elements and associated PRIs are provided in Tables 1 through 3. For example, a separate information element from a dual-SIM PRI may be provided to indicate paging restrictions for a D3A PSU session. Such separate and independent PRIs and information elements enable flexibility in signaling delivery of PRI information for both D3A and multi-SIM services. For example, Table 1 shows a mapping between a bit pattern within an example PRI and the type of paging restriction for the network. Table 2 shows an example of an information element (IE) for the Paging Restriction Information (PRI) field. Table 3 shows an example of a single IE encoded as a single bit in a NAS message that indicates the presence of paging restrictions for the associated RAN.

[0110]

[0111] Table 1 - Paging Restriction Information for D3A Services

[0112] Table 2 - Information elements of the PRI field

[0113] Table 3 - IE encoding for single-bit NAS messages

[0114] Figure 7 An example of a process flow 700 supporting technology for user equipment paging according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Process flow 700 may include a first access network entity 705 providing access to a first RAN, a second access network entity 710 providing access to a second RAN, a first AMF 715 associated with the first RAN, a second AMF 720 associated with the second RAN, a first SMF 725 associated with the first RAN, a second SMF 730 associated with the second RAN, a UPF 735 associated with the second RAN, and a UE 115-f, which may be as referenced. Figures 1 to 5 Examples of the corresponding devices described. In some cases, process flow 700 may be implemented by network entities 705 to 735 and UE 115-f when the capability indication from UE 115-f provides an indication of support for D3A PDU sessions with access-specific paging restrictions, and when one or more D3A PDU session paging restrictions have already been provided by UE 115-f. In this example, UE 115-f may have already provided one or more paging restrictions to the second RAN, and the first RAN may not have paging restrictions. Such techniques can provide power savings associated with monitoring and sending paging messages at UE 115-f and network entities 705 to 735, while also providing scheduling flexibility for data transmission via one or both 3GPP accesses, thereby enhancing overall network efficiency, reducing power consumption, and enhancing user experience. In the following description of process flow 700, the operations between network entities 705 to 735 and UE 115-f may be performed in a different order than in the example shown. Some operations can be omitted from process flow 700, and other operations can be added to process flow 700.

[0115] At 740, UPF 735 can send and second SMF 730 can receive data notifications. In some examples, this data notification can indicate the presence of data for downlink transmission to UE 115-f.

[0116] At 745, the second SMF 730 can send and the second AMF 720 can receive a paging message that instructs UE 115-f to be paged so that it can be switched out of CM idle and receive one or more downlink transmissions.

[0117] At 750, the second AMF 720 can identify that paging via the second RAN is rejected. In some examples, the second AMF 720 can determine that a paging message will be rejected based on paging restrictions provided by UE 115-f (e.g., paging is restricted for all D3A PDU sessions based on the second RAN, based on the identifier of the PDU associated with the paging message, based on the service type associated with the paging message, based on other information in the PRI, or any combination thereof).

[0118] At 755, the second AMF can send and the second SMF 730 can receive a paging rejection message indicating that paging will not be sent via the second RAN.

[0119] exist Figure 7 In the example, at 760, the second SMF 730 may send an indication to the first SMF 725 regarding the presence of data for transmission to UE 115-f in downlink communication. In this example, the indication to the first SMF 725 may be executed after the second AMF 720 determines whether paging via the second RAN is restricted.

[0120] At 765, the first SMF 725 can send and the first AMF 715 can receive a paging message that instructs UE 115-f to be paged so that it can be handed out of CM idle and receive one or more downlink transmissions via the first RAN.

[0121] At 770, the first AMF 715 can determine that paging is permitted for UE 115-f. In some examples, the first AMF 715 can make this determination based on PRI, as discussed herein.

[0122] At 775, the first AMF 715 can send and the first access network entity 705 can receive a paging message indicating that UE 115-f will be paged. At 780, the first access network entity 705 can send and the UE 115-f can receive a paging message indicating that UE 115-f will be switched out of CM idle to receive one or more downlink transmissions.

[0123] At 785, UE 115-f and the network entity of the first RAN can perform a service request procedure, during which UE 115-f transitions from CM idle mode to active mode to monitor one or more downlink transmissions. At 790, UPF 735 can transmit downlink data that can be received at UE 115-f via the first RAN.

[0124] In some examples, a registration or service request provided by UE 115-f to the first AMF 715 and the second AMF 720 may include paging restriction information, as discussed herein. In some examples, this paging restriction information may be provided in one or more information elements. Tables 4 through 6 provide additional examples of such information elements and associated PRIs. For example, information elements from a dual-SIM PRI may include additional information indicating paging restrictions for a D3A PSU session. Such signaling for paging restrictions for a D3A PDU session with MUSIM paging restrictions enables reduced overhead compared to separate and independent transmissions. For example, Table 4 shows a mapping between a bit pattern within an example PRI and the type of network paging restriction for both MUSIM paging and D3A PDU session paging. Table 5 shows an example of an IE for a PRI field indicating paging restrictions for both D3A PDU sessions and MUSIM communications. Table 6 shows an example of the information added to the PRI in MUSIM, where a separate D3A bit (e.g., bit 5) is configured to indicate that paging restrictions apply to all D3A PDU sessions.

[0125]

[0126] Table 4 - Mapping values ​​for D3A paging restrictions added as paging restriction types

[0127] Table 5 - Information Elements of the PRI Field

[0128] Table 6 - Paging Restriction Information Elements

[0129] Figure 8A block diagram 800 illustrates a device 805 supporting technologies for user equipment paging according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. Device 805 may be an example of various aspects of a UE 115 as described herein. Device 805 may include a receiver 810, a transmitter 815, and a communications manager 820. Device 805, or one or more components of device 805 (e.g., receiver 810, transmitter 815, and communications manager 820), may include at least one processor that may be coupled to at least one memory to individually or jointly support or implement the described technologies. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0130] Receiver 810 may provide components for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to technologies used for paging user equipment). The information may be passed to other components of device 805. Receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0131] Transmitter 815 may provide components for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 805. For example, transmitter 815 may transmit information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to technologies used for paging user equipment), such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, transmitter 815 may be co-located with receiver 810 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 815 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0132] The communication manager 820, receiver 810, transmitter 815, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of parts for performing various aspects of the technology for paging user equipment as described herein. For example, the communication manager 820, receiver 810, transmitter 815, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may be able to perform one or more of the functions described herein.

[0133] In some examples, the communication manager 820, receiver 810, transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communication management circuitry). The hardware may include at least one of the following: a processor, digital signal processor (DSP), central processing unit (CPU), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic component, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof, configured as or otherwise individually or collectively to support components for performing the functions described herein. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled to said at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., instructions stored in at least one memory are executed individually or collectively by one or more processors).

[0134] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 820, receiver 810, transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code executed by at least one processor (e.g., implemented as communication management software or firmware). If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functionality of the communication manager 820, receiver 810, transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by (e.g., a general-purpose processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices configured, either individually or collectively, as components for performing the functions described in this disclosure).

[0135] In some examples, the communication manager 820 may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with the receiver 810, transmitter 815, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). For example, the communication manager 820 may receive information from the receiver 810, transmit information to the transmitter 815, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 810, transmitter 815, or both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0136] The communication manager 820 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 820 may be configured or operable to support components for establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first SIM. The communication manager 820 may be configured or operable to support components for establishing a second communication session with a second network using the first SIM, wherein communication via the first communication session and communication via the second communication session are simultaneous, and the first and second communication sessions are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The communication manager 820 may be configured or operable to support components for sending a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network regarding paging messages restricted to the UE via the first network. The communication manager 820 may be configured or operable to support components for monitoring one or more paging messages via the second network.

[0137] By including or configuring a communication manager 820 according to an example as described herein, device 805 (e.g., a processor that controls or otherwise couples to receiver 810, transmitter 815, communication manager 820, or a combination thereof) can support techniques for providing paging restrictions and for paging based on restrictions provided for D3A PDU sessions, which can help reduce power consumption as a UE, reduce communication latency, enhance reliability, and provide more efficient use of communication resources.

[0138] Figure 9 A block diagram 900 illustrates a device 905 supporting technologies for user equipment paging according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. Device 905 may be an example of aspects of device 805 or UE 115 as described herein. Device 905 may include a receiver 910, a transmitter 915, and a communication manager 920. Device 905, or one or more components of device 905 (e.g., receiver 910, transmitter 915, and communication manager 920), may include at least one processor that may be coupled to at least one memory to support the described technologies. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0139] Receiver 910 may provide components for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to technologies used for paging user equipment). The information may be passed to other components of device 905. Receiver 910 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0140] Transmitter 915 may provide components for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 905. For example, transmitter 915 may transmit information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to technologies used for paging user equipment), such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, transmitter 915 may be co-located with receiver 910 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 915 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0141] Device 905 or its various components may be examples of parts used to perform various aspects of the technology for paging user equipment as described herein. For example, communication manager 920 may include connection establishment manager 925, paging restriction manager 930, paging monitoring manager 935, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 920 may be examples of aspects of communication manager 820 as described herein. In some examples, communication manager 920 or its various components may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with receiver 910, transmitter 915, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). For example, communication manager 920 may receive information from receiver 910, transmit information to transmitter 915, or be integrated in combination with receiver 910, transmitter 915, or both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0142] Communication Manager 920 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. Connection Establishment Manager 925 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first SIM. Connection Establishment Manager 925 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for establishing a second communication session with a second network using the first SIM, wherein communication via the first communication session and communication via the second communication session are simultaneous, and the first and second communication sessions are established according to a Dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit Session. Paging Restriction Manager 930 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network regarding restricted paging messages to the UE via the first network. Paging Monitoring Manager 935 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for monitoring one or more paging messages via the second network.

[0143] Figure 10A block diagram 1000 is shown of a communication manager 1020 supporting techniques for paging user equipment according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. The communication manager 1020 may be an example of a communication manager 820, a communication manager 920, or aspects thereof as described herein. The communication manager 1020 or its various components may be examples of parts for performing various aspects of the techniques for paging user equipment as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1020 may include a connection establishment manager 1025, a paging restriction manager 1030, a paging monitoring manager 1035, a first network communication manager 1040, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or its components or sub-components (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories), may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0144] Communication manager 1020 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. Connection establishment manager 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first SIM. In some examples, connection establishment manager 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for establishing a second communication session with a second network using the first SIM, wherein communication via the first communication session and communication via the second communication session are simultaneous, and the first and second communication sessions are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. Paging restriction manager 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network regarding restricted paging messages to the UE via the first network. Paging monitoring manager 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for monitoring one or more paging messages via the second network.

[0145] In some examples, the first network is a first PLMN or a first NPN, and the second network is a second PLMN or a second NPN. In some examples, to support the transmission of the first paging indication, the paging restriction manager 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending a first registration request or a first service request to the first network entity, the first registration request or the first service request indicating that at least a portion of the paging message to the UE via the first network is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

[0146] In some examples, the paging restriction manager 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending a second registration request or a second service request to a second network entity of the second network, the second registration request or the second service request not including any paging restrictions associated with the second network or including paging restrictions different from those of the first network for at least a portion of paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0147] In some examples, the paging monitoring manager 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a first paging message from a second network entity of the second network, indicating that the UE will communicate with the first network. In some examples, the first network communication manager 1040 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for initiating communication with the first network in response to the first paging message. In some examples, the first network communication manager 1040 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving one or more downlink communications via the first network.

[0148] In some examples, to support the transmission of the first paging indication, the paging restriction manager 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting information elements indicating paging restrictions for the Dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit (DMU) session at the UE. In some examples, the information element indicates that: all paging is restricted for the DMU session except for voice service; all paging is restricted for the DMU session except for one or more designated DMU sessions; or all paging is restricted except for voice service and one or more designated DMU sessions. In some examples, the information element is a single-bit Non-Access Stratum (NALS) message indicating that the UE has no paging restrictions for the DMU session or that all paging is restricted for the DMU session.

[0149] In some examples, to support the transmission of the first paging indication, the paging restriction manager 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components of an information element for transmitting an indication of a first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit (DAMPE) session at the UE, based on extended paging restrictions for UEs with two or more SIMs. In some examples, the first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP DAMPE session at the UE is indicated by a paging restriction type field in the information element, and wherein the paging restriction for the first network is mapped to a bit value pattern of a set of paging restriction bits in the information element.

[0150] In some examples, the first paging restriction at the UE for the dual 3GPP DATA session is indicated by a bit included in the information element, wherein a first value of the bit indicates that there is no paging restriction, and a second value of the bit indicates that all dual 3GPP DATA sessions of the first network have paging restrictions at the UE.

[0151] Figure 11 A diagram of a system 1100 including a device 1105 supporting technology for paging user equipment, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Device 1105 may be an example of device 805, device 905, or UE 115 as described herein, or may include components thereof. Device 1105 may communicate with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof (e.g., wirelessly). Device 1105 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 1120, an input / output (I / O) controller 1110, a transceiver 1115, an antenna 1125, at least one memory 1130, code 1135, and at least one processor 1140. These components may communicate electronically or be coupled in other ways (e.g., operational ground, communication ground, functional ground, electronic ground, electrical ground) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1145).

[0152] I / O controller 1110 manages the input and output signals of device 1105. I / O controller 1110 can also manage peripheral devices not integrated into device 1105. In some cases, I / O controller 1110 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 1110 may utilize an operating system such as iOS. ® ANDROID ® MS-DOS ® MS-WINDOWS ® OS / 2 ® UNIX ® LINUX ® Alternatively, the I / O controller 1110 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touchscreen, or similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 1110 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as at least one processor 1140. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 1105 via the I / O controller 1110 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1110.

[0153] In some cases, device 1105 may include a single antenna 1125. However, in other cases, device 1105 may have more than one antenna 1125, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. Transceiver 1115 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 1125, wired or wireless links, as described herein. For example, transceiver 1115 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1115 may also include a modem for: modulating packets; providing the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1125 for transmission; and demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 1125. Transceiver 1115, or transceiver 1115 and one or more antennas 1125, may be an example of transmitter 815, transmitter 915, receiver 810, receiver 910, or any combination thereof or components thereof as described herein.

[0154] At least one memory 1130 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). At least one memory 1130 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1135 including instructions that, when executed by at least one processor 1140, cause device 1105 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 1135 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, code 1135 may not be directly executable by at least one processor 1140, but may enable a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, at least one memory 1130 may contain a basic I / O system (BIOS), etc., which controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0155] At least one processor 1140 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, at least one processor 1140 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into at least one processor 1140. At least one processor 1140 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., at least one memory 1130) to cause device 1105 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting technologies for user equipment paging). For example, device 1105 or components of device 1105 may include at least one processor 1140 and at least one memory 1130 coupled to or coupled to at least one processor 1140, wherein at least one processor 1140 and at least one memory 1130 are configured to perform the various functions described herein. In some examples, at least one processor 1140 may include multiple processors, and at least one memory 1130 may include multiple memories. One or more of a plurality of processors may be coupled to one or more of a plurality of memories, which may be configured individually or collectively to perform the various functions described herein. In some examples, at least one processor 1140 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system of machines (such as a series of machines), circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include at least one processor 1140) and memory circuitry (which may include at least one memory 1130)) or components that receive or receive input and process the input to produce, generate or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Thus, at least one processor 1140 or a processing system including at least one processor 1140 may be configured, capable of being configured, or operable to cause device 1105 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Furthermore, as described herein, “configured to,” “capable of being configured,” and “operable to” are used interchangeably and may be associated with the ability to perform one or more of the functions described herein when executing code stored in at least one memory 1130 or otherwise.

[0156] The communication manager 1120 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1120 may be configured or operable to support components for establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first SIM. The communication manager 1120 may be configured or operable to support components for establishing a second communication session with a second network using the first SIM, wherein communication via the first communication session and communication via the second communication session are simultaneous, and the first and second communication sessions are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The communication manager 1120 may be configured or operable to support components for sending a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network regarding paging messages restricted to the UE via the first network. The communication manager 1120 may be configured or operable to support components for monitoring one or more paging messages via the second network.

[0157] By including or configuring a communication manager 1120 according to an example as described herein, device 1105 can support techniques for providing paging restrictions and for paging based on restrictions provided for D3A PDU sessions, which can help reduce power consumption as a UE, reduce communication latency, enhance reliability, and provide more efficient use of communication resources.

[0158] In some examples, the communication manager 1120 may be configured to use or otherwise coordinate with the transceiver 1115, one or more antennas 1125, or any combination thereof to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). Although the communication manager 1120 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1120 may be supported or executed by at least one processor 1140, at least one memory 1130, code 1135, or any combination thereof. For example, code 1135 may include instructions that can be executed by at least one processor 1140 to cause the device 1105 to perform various aspects of the techniques for paging user equipment as described herein, or at least one processor 1140 and at least one memory 1130 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations individually or jointly.

[0159] Figure 12A block diagram 1200 of a device 1205 supporting technologies for paging user equipment according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Device 1205 may be an example of aspects of network entity 105 as described herein. Device 1205 may include a receiver 1210, a transmitter 1215, and a communication manager 1220. Device 1205, or one or more components of device 1205 (e.g., receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, and communication manager 1220), may include at least one processor that may be coupled to at least one memory to individually or jointly support or implement the described technologies. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0160] Receiver 1210 may provide components for acquiring (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information (such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units)) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). The information may be passed to other components of device 1205. In some examples, receiver 1210 may support acquiring information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, receiver 1210 may support acquiring information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.

[0161] Transmitter 1215 may provide components for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, transmitting) information generated by other components of device 1205. For example, transmitter 1215 may output information associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack), such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units). In some examples, transmitter 1215 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, transmitter 1215 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, transmitter 1215 and receiver 1210 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled to a modem.

[0162] The communication manager 1220, receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of components used to perform various aspects of the technology for paging user equipment as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1220, receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may be able to perform one or more of the functions described herein.

[0163] In some examples, the communication manager 1220, receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communication management circuitry). The hardware may include at least one of a processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof, configured as or otherwise individually or collectively to support components for performing the functions described herein. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled to said at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., instructions stored in at least one memory are executed individually or collectively by one or more processors).

[0164] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1220, receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code executed by at least one processor (e.g., implemented as communication management software or firmware). If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functionality of the communication manager 1220, receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by (e.g., a general-purpose processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices configured as or otherwise individually or collectively to support components for performing the functions described in this disclosure).

[0165] In some examples, the communication manager 1220 may be configured to use or otherwise coordinate with the receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). For example, the communication manager 1220 may receive information from the receiver 1210, transmit information to the transmitter 1215, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0166] The communication manager 1220 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1220 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for establishing a first communication session with a UE, wherein the first communication session uses the SIM at the UE, and the UE uses the SIM to communicate with a second network while simultaneously communicating with the first network in a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session. The communication manager 1220 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a first paging indication that is restricted regarding paging messages to the UE via the first network. The communication manager 1220 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for communicating with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0167] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1220 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1220 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for establishing a first communication session with a UE, wherein the first communication session uses the SIM at the UE, and the UE uses the SIM to communicate with a second network while simultaneously communicating with the first network in a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session. The communication manager 1220 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving from the UE a first paging indication that is restricted to paging messages to the UE via the first network. The communication manager 1220 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for communicating with a second network entity of the first network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0168] By including or configuring a communication manager 1220 according to an example as described herein, device 1205 (e.g., at least one processor that controls or is otherwise coupled to receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, communication manager 1220, or a combination thereof) can support techniques for providing paging restrictions and for paging based on restrictions provided for D3A PDU sessions, which can help reduce power consumption as a UE, reduce communication latency, enhance reliability, and provide more efficient use of communication resources.

[0169] Figure 13A block diagram 1300 of a device 1305 supporting technologies for paging user equipment according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Device 1305 may be an example of aspects of device 1205 or network entity 105 as described herein. Device 1305 may include a receiver 1310, a transmitter 1315, and a communications manager 1320. Device 1305, or one or more components of device 1305 (e.g., receiver 1310, transmitter 1315, and communications manager 1320), may include at least one processor that may be coupled to at least one memory to support the described technologies. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0170] Receiver 1310 may provide components for acquiring (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information (such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units)) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). The information may be passed to other components of device 1305. In some examples, receiver 1310 may support acquiring information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, receiver 1310 may support acquiring information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.

[0171] Transmitter 1315 may provide components for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, transmitting) information generated by other components of device 1305. For example, transmitter 1315 may output information associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack), such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units). In some examples, transmitter 1315 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, transmitter 1315 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, transmitter 1315 and receiver 1310 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled to a modem.

[0172] Device 1305 or its various components may be examples of parts used to perform various aspects of the technology for paging user equipment as described herein. For example, communication manager 1320 may include connection establishment manager 1325, paging manager 1330, second network communication manager 1335, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 1320 may be examples of aspects of communication manager 1220 as described herein. In some examples, communication manager 1320 or its various components may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with receiver 1310, transmitter 1315, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). For example, communication manager 1320 may receive information from receiver 1310, transmit information to transmitter 1315, or be integrated in combination with receiver 1310, transmitter 1315, or both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0173] Communication manager 1320 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. Connection establishment manager 1325 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for establishing a first communication session with a UE, wherein the first communication session uses the SIM at the UE, and the UE uses the SIM to communicate with a second network while simultaneously communicating with the first network in a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session. Paging manager 1330 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a first paging indication that is restricted regarding paging messages to the UE via the first network. Second network communication manager 1335 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for communicating with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0174] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1320 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. The connection establishment manager 1325 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for establishing a first communication session with a UE, wherein the first communication session uses the SIM at the UE, and the UE uses the SIM to communicate with a second network while simultaneously communicating with the first network in a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session. The paging manager 1330 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a first paging indication from the UE regarding paging messages restricted to the UE via the first network. The paging manager 1330 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for communicating with a second network entity of the first network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0175] Figure 14A block diagram 1400 is shown of a communication manager 1420 supporting techniques for paging user equipment according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. The communication manager 1420 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1220, communication manager 1320, or both as described herein. The communication manager 1420 or its various components may be examples of parts for performing various aspects of the techniques for paging user equipment as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1420 may include a connection establishment manager 1425, a paging manager 1430, a second network communication manager 1435, a data notification manager 1440, a paging rejection manager 1445, a paging restriction manager 1450, or any combination thereof. These components, or each of their components or sub-components (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories), may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses), and such communication may include communication within protocol layers of the protocol stack, communication associated with logical channels of the protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of the protocol stack, within devices, components, or virtualization components associated with network entity 105, between devices, components, or virtualization components associated with network entity 105), or any combination thereof.

[0176] Communication manager 1420 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. Connection establishment manager 1425 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for establishing a first communication session with a UE, wherein the first communication session uses the SIM at the UE, and the UE uses the SIM to communicate with a second network while simultaneously communicating with the first network in a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session. Paging manager 1430 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a first paging indication restricted to paging messages to the UE via the first network. Second network communication manager 1435 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for communicating with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0177] In some examples, to support communication with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE, the data notification manager 1440 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving indications that data will be sent to the UE via the second network. In some examples, to support communication with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE, the paging manager 1430 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending a paging request to an AMF associated with the first network while simultaneously sending a paging request to an SMF associated with the second network.

[0178] In some examples, in order to support communication with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE, the paging rejection manager 1445 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving paging rejection indications from the AMF associated with the first network.

[0179] In some examples, to support communication with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE, the data notification manager 1440 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving an indication that data will be sent to the UE via the second network. In some examples, to support communication with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE, the paging manager 1430 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending a first paging request to a first AMF associated with the first network. In some examples, to support communication with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE, the paging rejection manager 1445 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a paging rejection indication from the AMF associated with the first network. In some examples, to support communication with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE, the second network communication manager 1435 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending a second paging request to a second AMF associated with the second network in response to the paging rejection indication.

[0180] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1420 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. In some examples, the connection establishment manager 1425 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for establishing a first communication session with a UE, wherein the first communication session uses the SIM at the UE, and the UE uses the SIM to communicate with a second network while simultaneously communicating with the first network in a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session. In some examples, the paging manager 1430 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a first paging indication from the UE regarding paging messages restricted to the UE via the first network. In some examples, the paging manager 1430 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for communicating with a second network entity of the first network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0181] In some examples, to support communication with the second network entity, the data notification manager 1440 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a first paging message from the second network entity indicating that the UE will be paged. In some examples, to support communication with the second network entity, the paging manager 1430 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for determining that the first paging message is restricted based on the first paging indication. In some examples, to support communication with the second network entity, the paging restriction manager 1450 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending a rejection indication to the second network entity, the rejection indication including a rejection indication for the first paging message and an indication that the second network will be used for the first paging message.

[0182] In some examples, to support receiving the first paging indication, the paging restriction manager 1450 can be, configured, or operable to support components for receiving a first registration request or a first service request from the UE, the first registration request or the first service request indicating that the paging message to the UE is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. In some examples, the first registration request or the first service request includes information elements indicating paging restrictions at the UE for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

[0183] In some examples, this information element indicates that: all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data element session, except for voice service; all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data element session, except for one or more designated protocol data element sessions; or all paging is restricted except for voice service and one or more designated protocol data element sessions. In some examples, this information element is a single-bit non-access stratum message indicating that the UE has no paging restrictions for the dual 3GPP access protocol data element session or that all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data element session.

[0184] In some examples, in order to support receiving the first paging indication, the paging restriction manager 1450 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving information elements indicating a first paging restriction at the UE for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session and a second paging restriction at the UE for paging using two or more SIMs.

[0185] In some examples, the first paging restriction at the UE for the dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit (APD) session is indicated by a paging restriction type field in the information element, wherein the paging restriction for the first network is mapped to a bit value pattern of a set of paging restriction bits in the information element. In some examples, the first paging restriction at the UE for the dual 3GPP APD session is indicated by bits included in the information element, wherein a first value of the bit indicates that there is no paging restriction, and a second value of the bit indicates that all APD sessions of the first network have paging restrictions at the UE.

[0186] Figure 15 A diagram of a system 1500 including a device 1505 supporting technology for paging user equipment, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Device 1505 may be an example of device 1205, device 1305, or network entity 105 as described herein, or may include components thereof. Device 1505 may communicate with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof, and this communication may include communication via one or more wired interfaces, one or more wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. Device 1505 may include components supporting output and obtaining communication, such as a communication manager 1520, a transceiver 1510, an antenna 1515, at least one memory 1525, code 1530, and at least one processor 1535. These components may communicate electronically or otherwise (e.g., operative ground, communication ground, functional ground, electronic ground, electrical ground) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1540).

[0187] Transceiver 1510 may support bidirectional communication via a wired link, a wireless link, or both, as described herein. In some examples, transceiver 1510 may include a wired transceiver and be capable of bidirectional communication with another wired transceiver. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, transceiver 1510 may include a wireless transceiver and be capable of bidirectional communication with another wireless transceiver. In some examples, device 1505 may include one or more antennas 1515 that are capable of transmitting or receiving wireless transmissions (e.g., concurrently). Transceiver 1510 may also include a modem for: modulating a signal; providing the modulated signal for transmission (e.g., via one or more antennas 1515, via a wired transmitter); receiving the modulated signal (e.g., from one or more antennas 1515, from a wired receiver); and demodulating the signal. In some embodiments, transceiver 1510 may include one or more interfaces, such as one or more interfaces coupled to one or more antennas 1515 configured to support various receive or acquire operations, or one or more interfaces coupled to one or more antennas 1515 configured to support various transmit or output operations, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, transceiver 1510 may include one or more processors or one or more memory components or configured to couple to such processors or memory components, which are operable to perform or support operations based on received or acquired information or signals, or to generate information or other signals for transmission or other output, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, transceiver 1510, or transceiver 1510 and one or more antennas 1515, or transceiver 1510 and one or more antennas 1515 and one or more processors or one or more memory components (e.g., at least one processor 1535, at least one memory 1525, or both) may be included in a chip or chip assembly mounted in device 1505. In some examples, transceiver 1510 may be able to operate to support communication via one or more communication links (e.g., communication link 125, backhaul communication link 120, midhaul communication link 162, fronthaul communication link 168).

[0188] At least one memory 1525 may include RAM, ROM, or any combination thereof. At least one memory 1525 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1530 including instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of at least one processor 1535, cause device 1505 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 1530 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, code 1530 may not be directly executable by a processor of at least one processor 1535, but may enable a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, at least one memory 1525 may also include a BIOS, etc., that controls basic hardware or software operation, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices. In some examples, at least one processor 1535 may include multiple processors, and at least one memory 1525 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled to one or more of the multiple memories, which may be configured individually or collectively to perform the various functions described herein (e.g., as part of a processing system).

[0189] At least one processor 1535 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, ASICs, CPUs, FPGAs, microcontrollers, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, at least one processor 1535 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into one or more processors in at least one processor 1535. At least one processor 1535 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., one or more memories in at least one memory 1525) to cause device 1505 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting technologies for user equipment paging). For example, device 1505 or components of device 1505 may include at least one processor 1535 and at least one memory 1525 coupled to one or more processors in at least one processor 1535, wherein at least one processor 1535 and at least one memory 1525 are configured to perform the various functions described herein. At least one processor 1535 may be an example of a cloud computing platform (e.g., one or more physical nodes and supporting software such as an operating system, virtual machine, or container instance) that can (e.g., by executing code 1530) host functions for performing the functions of device 1505. At least one processor 1535 may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in device 1505 (such as within one or more memories of at least one memory 1525). In some examples, at least one processor 1535 may include multiple processors, and at least one memory 1525 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled to one or more of the multiple memories, which may be configured individually or collectively to perform the various functions described herein. In some examples, at least one processor 1535 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system of machines (such as a series of machines), circuits (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include at least one processor 1535) and memory circuitry (which may include at least one memory 1525)) or components that receive or acquire input and process the input to produce, generate, or acquire a set of outputs. The processing system can be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Thus, at least one processor 1535 or a processing system including at least one processor 1535 can be configured, configured to, or operable to cause the device 1505 to perform one or more of the functions described herein.Furthermore, as described herein, “configured to,” “capable of being configured to,” and “operable to” are used interchangeably and can be associated with the ability to perform one or more of the functions described herein when executing code stored in at least one memory 1525 or otherwise.

[0190] In some examples, bus 1540 may support communication at the protocol layer of the protocol stack (e.g., within a protocol layer). In some examples, bus 1540 may support communication associated with logical channels of the protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of the protocol stack), which may include communication performed within components of device 1505, or communication performed between different components of device 1505 that may be co-located or located in different locations (e.g., where device 1505 may refer to a system in which one or more of communication manager 1520, transceiver 1510, at least one memory 1525, code 1530 and at least one processor 1535 may be located in one of the different components or partitioned between the different components).

[0191] In some examples, the communication manager 1520 can manage (e.g., via one or more wired or wireless backhaul links) various aspects of communication with the core network 130. For example, the communication manager 1520 can manage the transfer of data communication between client devices (such as one or more UEs 115). In some examples, the communication manager 1520 can manage communication with other network entities 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for coordinating other network entities 105 to control communication with UE 115. In some examples, the communication manager 1520 may support the X2 interface within LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communication between network entities 105.

[0192] The communication manager 1520 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1520 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for establishing a first communication session with a UE, wherein the first communication session uses the SIM at the UE, and the UE uses the SIM to communicate with a second network while simultaneously communicating with the first network in a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session. The communication manager 1520 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a first paging indication that is restricted regarding paging messages to the UE via the first network. The communication manager 1520 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for communicating with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0193] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1520 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1520 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for establishing a first communication session with a UE, wherein the first communication session uses the SIM at the UE, and the UE uses the SIM to communicate with a second network while simultaneously communicating with the first network in a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session. The communication manager 1520 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving from the UE a first paging indication that is restricted to paging messages to the UE via the first network. The communication manager 1520 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for communicating with a second network entity of the first network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0194] By including or configuring a communication manager 1520 according to an example as described herein, device 1505 can support techniques for providing paging restrictions and for paging based on restrictions provided for D3A PDU sessions, which can help reduce power consumption as a UE, reduce communication latency, enhance reliability, and provide more efficient use of communication resources.

[0195] In some examples, the communication manager 1520 may be configured to use or otherwise coordinate with the transceiver 1510, one or more antennas 1515 (e.g., where applicable), or any combination thereof to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). Although the communication manager 1520 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1520 may be supported or performed by the transceiver 1510, one or more processors in at least one processor 1535, one or more memories in at least one memory 1525, code 1530, or any combination thereof (e.g., by a processing system including at least a portion of at least one processor 1535, at least one memory 1525, code 1530, or any combination thereof). For example, code 1530 may include instructions that can be executed by one or more processors in at least one processor 1535 to cause the device 1505 to perform various aspects of the techniques for paging user equipment as described herein, or at least one processor 1535 and at least one memory 1525 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations individually or jointly.

[0196] Figure 16 A flowchart illustrating a method 1600 for supporting technologies for user equipment paging according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1600 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1600 can be performed by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 11The UE 115 described herein is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0197] At 1605, the method may include: establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first SIM. The operation of block 1605 may be performed according to examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1605 may be derived from references... Figure 10 The connection establishment manager 1025 described is used to perform this.

[0198] At 1610, the method may include: establishing a second communication session with a second network using a first SIM, wherein communication via the first communication session and communication via the second communication session are simultaneous, and the first and second communication sessions are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The operation of block 1610 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1610 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The connection establishment manager 1025 described is used to perform this.

[0199] At 1615, the method may include: sending a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network regarding restricted paging messages to the UE via the first network. The operation of block 1615 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1615 may be derived from references... Figure 10 The paging limit manager 1030 described is used to perform this.

[0200] At 1620, the method may include: monitoring one or more paging messages via a second network. The operation of block 1620 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1620 may be derived from references... Figure 10 The paging monitoring manager 1035 described is used to perform this.

[0201] Figure 17 A flowchart illustrating a method 1700 for supporting technologies for user equipment paging according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1700 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1700 can be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 11 The UE 115 described herein is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0202] At 1705, the method may include: establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first SIM. The operation of block 1705 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1705 may be derived from references... Figure 10 The connection establishment manager 1025 described is used to perform this.

[0203] At 1710, the method may include: establishing a second communication session with a second network using a first SIM, wherein communication via the first communication session and communication via the second communication session are simultaneous, and the first and second communication sessions are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The operation of block 1710 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1710 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The connection establishment manager 1025 described is used to perform this.

[0204] At 1715, the method may include: sending a first registration request or a first service request to a first network entity, the first registration request or the first service request indicating that at least a portion of a paging message from the first network to the UE is restricted for a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session. Operation of block 1715 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1715 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The paging limit manager 1030 described is used to perform this.

[0205] At 1720, the method may include: sending a second registration request or a second service request to a second network entity of the second network, the second registration request or the second service request not including any paging restrictions associated with the second network or including paging restrictions different from those of the first network for at least a portion of a paging message to the UE via the second network. Operation of block 1720 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1720 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The paging limit manager 1030 described is used to perform this.

[0206] At 1725, the method may include: monitoring one or more paging messages via a second network. The operation of block 1725 may be performed according to examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1725 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The paging monitoring manager 1035 described is used to perform this.

[0207] Figure 18 A flowchart illustrating a method 1800 for supporting technologies for user equipment paging according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1800 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1800 can be performed by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 11 The UE 115 described herein is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0208] At 1805, the method may include: establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first SIM. The operation of block 1805 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1805 may be derived from references... Figure 10 The connection establishment manager 1025 described is used to perform this.

[0209] At 1810, the method may include: establishing a second communication session with a second network using a first SIM, wherein communication via the first communication session and communication via the second communication session are simultaneous, and the first and second communication sessions are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. The operation of block 1810 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1810 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The connection establishment manager 1025 described is used to perform this.

[0210] At 1815, the method may include: sending a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network regarding restricted paging messages to the UE via the first network. The operation of block 1815 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1815 may be derived from references... Figure 10 The paging limit manager 1030 described is used to perform this.

[0211] At 1820, the method may include: monitoring one or more paging messages via a second network. The operation of block 1820 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1820 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The paging monitoring manager 1035 described is used to perform this.

[0212] At 1825, the method may include: receiving from a second network entity of the second network a first paging message indicating that the UE will communicate with the first network. Operation of block 1825 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1825 may be derived from references... Figure 10 The paging monitoring manager 1035 described is used to perform this.

[0213] At 1830, the method may include: initiating communication with a first network in response to a first paging message. The operation of block 1830 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1830 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The first network communication manager 1040 described is used to execute this.

[0214] At 1835, the method may include: receiving one or more downlink communications via a first network. The operation of block 1835 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1835 may be derived from references... Figure 10 The first network communication manager 1040 described is used to execute this.

[0215] Figure 19 A flowchart illustrating a method 1900 for paging technology for user equipment according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1900 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1900 may be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 7 as well as Figures 12 to 15 The network entity described herein performs the function. In some examples, the network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0216] At 1905, the method may include: establishing a first communication session with the UE, wherein the first communication session uses the SIM at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network simultaneously using the SIM in a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session with a second network. The operation of block 1905 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1905 may be derived from references... Figure 14 The described connection establishment manager 1425 is used to perform this.

[0217] At 1910, the method may include: receiving a first paging indication regarding a restricted paging message to the UE via a first network. Operation of block 1910 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1910 may be derived from references... Figure 14 The paging manager 1430 described is used to execute this.

[0218] At 1915, the method may include: communicating with a second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network. The operation of block 1915 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1915 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 14 The second network communication manager 1435 described herein shall be executed.

[0219] Figure 20A flowchart illustrating a method 2000 for supporting technologies for user equipment paging according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. The operation of method 2000 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operation of method 2000 may be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 7 as well as Figures 12 to 15 The network entity described herein performs the function. In some examples, the network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0220] At block 2005, the method may include: establishing a first communication session with the UE, wherein the first communication session uses the SIM at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network simultaneously using the SIM in a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session with a second network. The operation of block 2005 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2005 may be derived from references... Figure 14 The described connection establishment manager 1425 is used to perform this.

[0221] At block 2010, the method may include: receiving an indication that data will be sent to the UE. The operation of block 2010 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2010 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 14 The data notification manager 1440 described is used to execute this.

[0222] At 2015, the method may include sending a paging request to an AMF associated with the first network while simultaneously sending a paging request to an SMF associated with the second network. The operation of block 2015 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2015 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 14 The paging manager 1430 described is used to execute this.

[0223] At 2020, the method may include: receiving a paging rejection indication from an AMF associated with a first network. The operation of box 2020 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2020 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 14 The paging rejection manager 1445 described is used to execute this.

[0224] At block 2025, the method may include: communicating with a second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network. The operation of block 2025 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2025 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 14 The second network communication manager 1435 described herein shall be executed.

[0225] Figure 21 A flowchart illustrating a method 2100 for supporting techniques for paging user equipment according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 2100 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 2100 may be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 7 as well as Figures 12 to 15 The network entity described herein performs the function. In some examples, the network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0226] At 2105, the method may include: establishing a first communication session with the UE, wherein the first communication session uses the SIM at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network simultaneously using the SIM in a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session with a second network. The operation of block 2105 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2105 may be derived from references... Figure 14 The described connection establishment manager 1425 is used to perform this.

[0227] At 2110, the method may include: receiving an indication that data will be transmitted to the UE via a second network. The operation of block 2110 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2110 may be provided by reference to... Figure 14 The data notification manager 1440 described is used to execute this.

[0228] At 2115, the method may include: sending a first paging request to a first AMF associated with the first network. The operation of block 2115 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2115 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 14 The paging manager 1430 described is used to execute this.

[0229] At 2120, the method may include: receiving a paging rejection indication from an AMF associated with the first network. The operation of block 2120 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2120 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 14 The paging rejection manager 1445 described is used to execute this.

[0230] At 2125, the method may include: sending a second paging request to a second AMF associated with a second network in response to a paging rejection indication. The operation of block 2125 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2125 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 14 The second network communication manager 1435 described herein shall be executed.

[0231] At 2130, the method may include: communicating with a second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network. Operation of block 2130 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2130 may be derived from references... Figure 14 The second network communication manager 1435 described herein shall be executed.

[0232] Figure 22 A flowchart illustrating a method 2200 for supporting technologies for user equipment paging according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 2200 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 2200 may be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 7 as well as Figures 12 to 15 The network entity described herein performs the function. In some examples, the network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0233] At 2205, the method may include: establishing a first communication session with the UE, wherein the first communication session uses the SIM at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network simultaneously using the SIM in a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session with a second network. The operation of block 2205 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2205 may be derived from references... Figure 14 The described connection establishment manager 1425 is used to perform this.

[0234] At 2210, the method may include: receiving from the UE a first paging indication regarding a restricted paging message to the UE via a first network. Operation of block 2210 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 2210 may be derived from references... Figure 14 The paging manager 1430 described is executed.

[0235] At 2215, the method may include: communicating with a second network entity of the first network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network. Operation of block 2215 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2215 may be provided by reference to... Figure 14 The paging manager 1430 described is executed.

[0236] Figure 23A flowchart illustrating a method 2300 for supporting techniques for paging user equipment according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 2300 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 2300 may be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 7 as well as Figures 12 to 15 The network entity described herein performs the function. In some examples, the network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0237] At 2305, the method may include: establishing a first communication session with the UE, wherein the first communication session uses the SIM at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network simultaneously using the SIM in a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session with a second network. The operation of block 2305 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2305 may be derived from references... Figure 14 The described connection establishment manager 1425 is used to perform this.

[0238] At 2310, the method may include: receiving from the UE a first paging indication regarding a restricted paging message to the UE via a first network. Operation of block 2310 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2310 may be derived from references... Figure 14 The paging manager 1430 described is used to execute this.

[0239] At 2315, the method may include: receiving from a second network entity a first paging message indicating that the UE will be paged. The operation of block 2315 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2315 may be derived from references... Figure 14 The data notification manager 1440 described is used to execute this.

[0240] At 2320, the method may include: determining, based on a first paging indication, that the first paging message is restricted. The operation of block 2320 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2320 may be derived from references... Figure 14 The paging manager 1430 described is executed.

[0241] At 2325, the method may include: sending a rejection indication to a second network entity, the rejection indication including a rejection indication for the first paging message and an indication that the second network will be used for the first paging message. The operation of block 2325 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2325 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 14 The paging limit manager 1450 described is used to perform this.

[0242] Figure 24 A flowchart illustrating a method 2400 for supporting techniques for paging user equipment according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 2400 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 2400 may be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 7 as well as Figures 12 to 15 The network entity described herein performs the function. In some examples, the network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0243] At 2405, the method may include: establishing a first communication session with the UE, wherein the first communication session uses the SIM at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network simultaneously using the SIM in a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session with a second network. The operation of block 2405 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2405 may be derived from references... Figure 14 The described connection establishment manager 1425 is used to perform this.

[0244] At 2410, the method may include: receiving from the UE a first registration request or a first service request, the first registration request or the first service request indicating that a paging message to the UE is restricted for a dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session. Operation of block 2410 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 2410 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 14 The paging limit manager 1450 described is used to perform this.

[0245] At 2415, the method may include: communicating with a second network entity of the first network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network. Operation of block 2415 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 2415 may be provided by reference to... Figure 14 The paging manager 1430 described is used to execute this.

[0246] The following provides an overview of the various aspects of this disclosure: Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a UE, the method comprising: establishing a first communication session with a first network using a first subscriber identity module; establishing a second communication session with a second network using the first subscriber identity module, wherein communication via the first communication session and communication via the second communication session are simultaneous, and the first communication session and the second communication session are established according to a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session; sending a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network regarding restricted paging messages to the UE via the first network; and monitoring one or more paging messages via the second network.

[0247] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, wherein the first network is a first public land mobile network (PLMN) or a first non-public network (NPN), and the second network is a second PLMN or a second NPN.

[0248] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 2, wherein sending the first paging indication comprises: sending a first registration request or a first service request to the first network entity, the first registration request or the first service request indicating that at least a portion of the paging message to the UE via the first network is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

[0249] Aspect 4: According to the method of aspect 3, the method further includes: sending a second registration request or a second service request to a second network entity of the second network, the second registration request or the second service request not including any paging restrictions associated with the second network or including paging restrictions different from those of the first network for at least a portion of paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0250] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 4, the method further comprising: receiving from a second network entity of the second network a first paging message indicating that the UE will communicate with the first network; initiating communication with the first network in response to the first paging message; and receiving one or more downlink communications via the first network.

[0251] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 5, wherein sending the first paging indication comprises: sending an information element indicating paging restrictions for a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE.

[0252] Aspect 7: According to the method of aspect 6, wherein the information element indicates that: all paging for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session is restricted except for voice service; all paging for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session is restricted except for one or more designated protocol data unit sessions; or all paging is restricted except for voice service and one or more designated protocol data unit sessions.

[0253] Aspect 8: According to the method of aspect 6, the information element is a single bit, the single bit indicating that the UE has no paging restrictions for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session or that all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

[0254] Aspect 9: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 8, wherein sending the first paging indication comprises: sending an information element indicating a first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE based on an extended paging restriction for a UE having two or more subscriber identity modules.

[0255] Aspect 10: According to the method of aspect 9, wherein the first paging restriction at the UE for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session is indicated by a paging restriction type field in the information element, and wherein the paging restriction for the first network is mapped to a bit value pattern of a set of paging restriction bits in the information element.

[0256] Aspect 11: According to the method of aspect 9, wherein the first paging restriction at the UE for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session is indicated by bits included in the information element, wherein a first value of the bit indicates that there is no paging restriction, and a second value of the bit indicates that all dual 3GPP access protocol data unit sessions of the first network have paging restrictions at the UE.

[0257] Aspect 12: A method for wireless communication at a network entity of a first network, the method comprising: establishing a first communication session with a UE, wherein the first communication session uses a subscriber identity module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network while using the subscriber identity module in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session to communicate with a second network; receiving a first paging indication regarding a restricted paging message to the UE via the first network; and communicating with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0258] Aspect 13: The method according to aspect 12, wherein communicating with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE includes: receiving an indication that data will be sent to the UE via the second network; and sending the paging request to an access and mobility function associated with the first network while sending the paging request to a session management function associated with the second network.

[0259] Aspect 14: The method according to aspect 13, wherein communicating with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE further includes: receiving a paging rejection indication from the access and mobility functions associated with the first network.

[0260] Aspect 15: The method according to aspect 12, wherein communicating with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE comprises: receiving an indication that data will be sent to the UE via the second network; sending a first paging request to a first access and mobility function associated with the first network; receiving a paging rejection indication from the access and mobility function associated with the first network; and sending a second paging request to a second access and mobility function associated with the second network in response to the paging rejection indication.

[0261] Aspect 16: A method for wireless communication at a first network entity of a first network, the method comprising: establishing a first communication session with a UE, wherein the first communication session uses a subscriber identity module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network while using the subscriber identity module in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session to communicate with a second network; receiving from the UE a first paging indication regarding restricted paging messages to the UE via the first network; and communicating with a second network entity of the first network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

[0262] Aspect 17: The method according to aspect 16, wherein communicating with the second network entity includes: receiving from the second network entity a first paging message indicating that the UE will be paged; determining, at least in part, that the first paging message is restricted based on the first paging indication; and sending a rejection indication to the second network entity, the rejection indication including a rejection indication for the first paging message and an indication that the second network will be used for the first paging message.

[0263] Aspect 18: The method according to any one of Aspects 16 to 17, wherein receiving the first paging indication comprises: receiving from the UE a first registration request or a first service request, the first registration request or the first service request indicating that the paging message to the UE is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

[0264] Aspect 19: The method according to any one of Aspects 16 to 18, wherein the first paging indication includes an information element indicating paging restrictions at the UE for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

[0265] Aspect 20: According to the method of aspect 19, wherein the information element indicates that: all paging for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session is restricted except for voice service; all paging for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session is restricted except for one or more designated protocol data unit sessions; or all paging is restricted except for voice service and one or more designated protocol data unit sessions.

[0266] Aspect 21: According to the method of aspect 19, wherein the information element is a single bit, the single bit indicating that the UE has no paging restrictions for the Dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session or that all paging is restricted for the Dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session.

[0267] Aspect 22: The method according to any one of Aspects 16 to 21, wherein receiving the first paging indication comprises: receiving an information element indicating a first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE based on a paging restriction for a UE having two or more subscriber identity modules.

[0268] Aspect 23: According to the method of aspect 22, wherein the first paging restriction at the UE for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session is indicated by a paging restriction type field in the information element, and wherein the paging restriction for the first network is mapped to a bit value pattern of a set of paging restriction bits in the information element.

[0269] Aspect 24: According to the method of aspect 22, the first paging restriction at the UE for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session is indicated by bits included in the information element, wherein a first value of the bit indicates that there is no paging restriction, and a second value of the bit indicates that all protocol data unit sessions of the first network have paging restrictions at the UE.

[0270] Aspect 25: A UE for wireless communication, the UE comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code, thereby enabling the UE to perform a method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 11.

[0271] Aspect 26: A UE for wireless communication, the UE comprising at least one component for performing a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 11.

[0272] Aspect 27: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 11.

[0273] Aspect 28: A network entity for a first network for wireless communication, the network entity comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code, thereby enabling the network entity of the first network to perform the method according to any one of Aspects 12 to 15.

[0274] Aspect 29: A network entity for a first network for wireless communication, the network entity comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of Aspects 12 to 15.

[0275] Aspect 30: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform a method according to any one of aspects 12 to 15.

[0276] Aspect 31: A first network entity for a first network of a first network for wireless communication, the first network entity comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code, thereby enabling the first network entity of the first network to perform the method according to any one of Aspects 16 to 24.

[0277] Aspect 32: A first network entity for a first network for wireless communication, the first network entity comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 16 to 24.

[0278] Aspect 33: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 16 to 24.

[0279] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible specific implementations, and the operations and steps can be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other specific implementations are also possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more of these methods can be combined.

[0280] While aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for illustrative purposes, and the terms LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR may be used in most of the description, the techniques described herein are also applicable to networks other than LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the techniques described are applicable to a variety of other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0281] The information and signals described herein can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and skills. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips mentioned throughout the description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0282] The various exemplary blocks and components described herein can be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic unit, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in alternative embodiments, a processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors cooperating with a DSP core, or any other such configuration). Any function or operation described herein that can be performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors capable of performing the described functions or operations individually or jointly.

[0283] The functions described herein can be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions can be stored as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium or transmitted using one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and specific implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination of these. Features implementing the functions can also be physically located in various locations, including portions distributed such that the functions are implemented in different physical locations.

[0284] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, encompassing any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one location to another. Non-transitory storage media can be any available medium accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compressed optical disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage devices, magnetic disk storage devices or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code components in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Furthermore, any connection is appropriately referred to as computer-readable media. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included within the definition of computer-readable media. As used herein, disks and optical discs include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital multifunction discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs. Disks can magnetically reproduce data, and optical discs can optically reproduce data using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any function or operation described herein that can be performed by memory can be performed by multiple memories capable of performing the described function or operation individually or jointly.

[0285] As used herein, the word "or" in a list of items (e.g., a list of items accompanied by phrases such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") in the claims indicates an inclusive list, such that a list of at least one of, for example, A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Furthermore, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" could be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "at least partially based on".

[0286] As used herein, including in claims, the article “a” preceding a noun is open-ended and is understood to refer to “at least one” or “one or more” of those nouns. Therefore, the terms “a,” “at least one,” “one or more,” and “at least one of one or more” are interchangeable. For example, where a claim enumerates “components” performing one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “component” having a characteristic or performing a function may refer to “at least one of one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent references to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “the” or “the” can refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” can be understood to mean “one or more components,” and subsequent reference to “the component” in a claim can be understood as equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components.” Similarly, subsequent references to a component introduced with the terms “the” or “the” as “one or more components” can refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, reference to "the one or more components" in the subsequent claims can be understood as equivalent to reference to "at least one of the one or more components".

[0287] The term "determine" encompasses a variety of actions, and therefore, "determine" can include calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, lookup (such as by searching in a table, database, or other data structure), identification, and similar actions. Furthermore, "determine" can include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in memory), etc. Moreover, "determine" can include parsing, obtaining, selecting, choosing, building, and other similar actions.

[0288] In the accompanying drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference numerals. Furthermore, various components of the same type can be distinguished by adding a dash after the reference numerals and a second reference numeral for differentiation between similar components. If only the first reference numeral is used in the description, the description applies to any of the similar components having the same first reference numeral, regardless of the second or other subsequent reference numerals.

[0289] The description herein, illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes an example configuration and does not represent all achievable examples or those within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration," not "preferred" or "advantageous over other examples." The detailed description includes specific details used to provide an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concept of the described examples.

[0290] The description herein is provided to enable those skilled in the art to implement or use this disclosure. Various modifications to this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be granted the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A user equipment (UE), the user equipment (UE) comprising: One or more memories, wherein the one or more memories store processor-executable code; and One or more processors, coupled to one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code, thereby enabling the UE to: The first subscriber identity module is used to establish a first communication session with the first network. The first subscriber identity module is used to establish a second communication session with the second network. The communication via the first communication session and the communication via the second communication session are simultaneous, and the first communication session and the second communication session are established according to the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. Send a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network regarding restricted paging messages to the UE via the first network; as well as One or more paging messages are monitored via the second network.

2. The UE according to claim 1, wherein the first network is a first public land mobile network (PLMN) or a first non-public network (NPN), and the second network is a second PLMN or a second NPN.

3. The UE according to claim 1, wherein, In order to send the first paging instruction, the one or more processors can operate individually or jointly to execute the code to enable the UE: Send a first registration request or a first service request to the first network entity, wherein the first registration request or the first service request indicates that at least a portion of the paging message from the first network to the UE is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

4. The UE of claim 3, wherein the one or more processors are individually or jointly capable of further operating to execute the code thereby enabling the UE to: Send a second registration request or a second service request to a second network entity of the second network, wherein the second registration request or the second service request does not include any paging restrictions associated with the second network or includes paging restrictions different from those of the first network for at least a portion of paging messages to the UE via the second network.

5. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or jointly capable of further operating to execute the code thereby enabling the UE to: Receive a first paging message from the second network entity of the second network, indicating that the UE will communicate with the first network; In response to the first paging message, initiate communication with the first network; as well as Receive one or more downlink communications via the first network.

6. The UE according to claim 1, wherein, In order to send the first paging instruction, the one or more processors can operate individually or jointly to execute the code to enable the UE: Send information elements indicating paging restrictions for the Dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session at the UE.

7. The UE of claim 6, wherein the information element indicates: all paging for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session is restricted except for voice service; all paging for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session is restricted except for one or more designated protocol data unit sessions; or all paging is restricted except for voice service and one or more designated protocol data unit sessions.

8. The UE of claim 6, wherein the information element is a single bit, the single bit indicating that the UE has no paging restrictions for the Dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session or that all paging is restricted for the Dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session.

9. The UE according to claim 1, wherein, In order to send the first paging instruction, the one or more processors can operate individually or jointly to execute the code to enable the UE: Information elements indicating a first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE are transmitted based on extended paging restrictions for UEs with two or more subscriber identity modules.

10. The UE of claim 9, wherein the first paging restriction at the UE for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session is indicated by a paging restriction type field in the information element, and wherein the paging restriction for the first network is mapped to a bit value pattern of a set of paging restriction bits in the information element.

11. The UE of claim 9, wherein the first paging restriction at the UE for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session is indicated by bits included in the information element, wherein a first value of the bit indicates that there is no paging restriction, and a second value of the bit indicates that all dual 3GPP access protocol data unit sessions of the first network have paging restrictions at the UE.

12. A network entity of a first network, the network entity comprising: One or more memories, wherein the one or more memories store processor-executable code; and One or more processors, said one or more processors coupled to said one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute said code, thereby enabling the network entity of the first network to: A first communication session is established with the user equipment (UE), wherein the first communication session uses the subscriber identity module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network while using the subscriber identity module to communicate with the second network in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session; Receive a first paging indication regarding restricted paging messages to the UE via the first network; as well as Communicate with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

13. The network entity according to claim 12, wherein, In order to communicate with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE, the one or more processors are capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to enable the network entity of the first network to: Receive an instruction that data will be sent to the UE via the second network; as well as The paging request is sent to the session management function associated with the second network at the same time as the access and mobility function associated with the first network.

14. The network entity according to claim 13, wherein, In order to communicate with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE, the one or more processors can individually or jointly further operate to execute the code to enable the network entity of the first network to: Receive a paging rejection indication from the access and mobility functions associated with the first network.

15. The network entity according to claim 12, wherein, In order to communicate with the second network to send one or more paging messages to the UE, the one or more processors are capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to enable the network entity of the first network to: Receive an instruction that data will be sent to the UE via the second network; Send a first paging request to the first access and mobility function associated with the first network; Receive a paging rejection indication from the access and mobility functions associated with the first network; and In response to the paging rejection indication, a second paging request is sent to the second access and mobility function associated with the second network.

16. A first network entity of a first network, the first network entity comprising: One or more memories, wherein the one or more memories store processor-executable code; and One or more processors, coupled to one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code, thereby enabling the first network entity of the first network: A first communication session is established with the user equipment (UE), wherein the first communication session uses the subscriber identity module at the UE, and the UE communicates with the first network while using the subscriber identity module to communicate with the second network in a dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session; Receive a first paging indication from the UE regarding the restriction of paging messages to the UE via the first network; as well as The system communicates with a second network entity of the first network to send one or more paging messages to the UE via the second network.

17. The first network entity according to claim 16, wherein, In order to communicate with the second network entity, the one or more processors can operate individually or jointly to execute the code to enable the first network entity of the first network to: Receive a first paging message from the second network entity indicating that the UE will be paged; The first paging message is determined to be restricted, at least in part, based on the first paging indication; as well as Send a rejection indication to the second network entity, the rejection indication including a rejection indication for the first paging message and an indication that the second network will be used for the first paging message.

18. The first network entity according to claim 16, wherein, In order to receive the first paging instruction, the one or more processors can operate individually or jointly to execute the code to enable the first network entity of the first network: The UE receives a first registration request or a first service request, the first registration request or the first service request indicating to the UE that the paging message is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

19. The first network entity of claim 16, wherein the first paging indication includes an information element indicating paging restrictions at the UE for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

20. The first network entity of claim 19, wherein the information element indicates that all paging for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session is restricted, except for voice services; Except for one or more designated protocol data unit sessions, all paging is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit sessions; Alternatively, all paging is restricted except for voice services and one or more specified protocol data unit sessions.

21. The first network entity of claim 19, wherein the information element is a single bit, the single bit indicating that the UE has no paging restrictions for the Dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session or that all paging is restricted for the Dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session.

22. The first network entity according to claim 16, wherein, In order to receive the first paging instruction, the one or more processors can operate individually or jointly to execute the code to enable the first network entity of the first network: Information elements indicating a first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE are received based on paging restrictions for a UE having two or more subscriber identity modules.

23. The first network entity of claim 22, wherein the first paging restriction at the UE for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session is indicated by a paging restriction type field in the information element, and wherein the paging restriction for the first network is mapped to a bit value pattern of a set of paging restriction bits in the information element.

24. The first network entity of claim 22, wherein the first paging restriction at the UE for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session is indicated by bits included in the information element, wherein a first value of the bit indicates that there is no paging restriction, and a second value of the bit indicates that all protocol data unit sessions of the first network have paging restrictions at the UE.

25. A method for conducting wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: The first subscriber identity module is used to establish a first communication session with the first network. The first subscriber identity module is used to establish a second communication session with the second network. The communication via the first communication session and the communication via the second communication session are simultaneous, and the first communication session and the second communication session are established according to the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session. Send a first paging indication to a first network entity of the first network regarding restricted paging messages to the UE via the first network; as well as One or more paging messages are monitored via the second network.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein sending the first paging instruction comprises: Send a first registration request or a first service request to the first network entity, wherein the first registration request or the first service request indicates that at least a portion of the paging message from the first network to the UE is restricted for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session.

27. The method according to claim 26, further comprising: Send a second registration request or a second service request to a second network entity of the second network, wherein the second registration request or the second service request does not include any paging restrictions associated with the second network or includes paging restrictions different from those of the first network for at least a portion of paging messages to the UE via the second network.

28. The method of claim 25, further comprising: Receive a first paging message from the second network entity of the second network, indicating that the UE will communicate with the first network; In response to the first paging message, initiate communication with the first network; as well as Receive one or more downlink communications via the first network.

29. The method of claim 25, wherein sending the first paging instruction comprises: Send information elements indicating paging restrictions for the Dual 3GPP Access Protocol Data Unit session at the UE.

30. The method of claim 25, wherein sending the first paging instruction comprises: Information elements indicating a first paging restriction for the dual 3GPP access protocol data unit session at the UE are transmitted based on extended paging restrictions for UEs with two or more subscriber identity modules.

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